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Wei ZF, Li LL, Sun DD, Liu XY, Zhou X, Ma FY, Zhao M, Chen XD, Zhang LJ. Biotransformation of Bioactive Metabolites in Cassiae Semen by Endogenous Enzymes and Probiotics. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:5293-5306. [PMID: 38441033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the potential of endogenous enzymes and probiotics in transforming bioactive metabolites to reduce the purgative effect and improve the functional activity of Cassiae Semen and verified and revealed the biotransformation effect of endogenous enzymes. Although probiotics, especially Lactobacillus rhamnosus, exerted the transformation effect, the endogenous enzymes proved to be more effective in transforming the components of Cassiae Semen. After biotransformation by endogenous enzymes for 12 h, the levels of six anthraquinones in Cassiae Semen increased by at least 2.98-fold, and free anthraquinones, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity also showed significant improvement, accompanied by an 82.2% reduction in combined anthraquinones responsible for the purgative effect of Cassiae Semen. Further metabolomic analysis revealed that the biotransformation effect of endogenous enzymes on the bioactive metabolites of Cassiae Semen was complex and diverse, and the biotransformation of quinones and flavonoids was particularly prominent and occurred by three primary mechanisms, hydrolyzation, methylation, and dimerization, might under the action of glycosyl hydrolases, SAM-dependent methyltransferases, and CYP450s. Accordingly, biotransformation by endogenous enzymes emerges as a mild, economical, food safety risk-free, and effective strategy to modify Cassiae Semen into an excellent functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Fu Wei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ling-Ling Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Dan-Dan Sun
- School of Theater and Film and Television, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xin-Yu Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xueyong Zhou
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fei-Yue Ma
- National Oat Improvement Center, Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baicheng 137000, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Chen
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lin-Jing Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Ma FY, Zhang XM, Li Y, Zhang M, Tu XH, Du LQ. Identification of phenolics from miracle berry ( Synsepalum dulcificum) leaf extract and its antiangiogenesis and anticancer activities. Front Nutr 2022; 9:970019. [PMID: 36046137 PMCID: PMC9420939 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.970019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Miracle berry is well-known for its ability to convert sour foods to sweet. In this study, the secondary metabolites of miracle berry leaves (MBL) were identified by UPLC-DAD-MS, and its antiangiogenesis and anticancer activities were evaluated by using a zebrafish model and the MCF-7 xenograft mouse model, respectively. The result showed that 18 phenolic compounds were identified in MBL extract, and dominated by the derivatives of quercetin and myricetin. The MBL extract showed low toxicity and high antiangiogenesis activity, it significantly inhibited the subintestinal vein vessels development in zebrafish at very low concentration. Furthermore, the MBL extract could promote the apoptosis of tumor cells and significantly inhibit the growth of MCF-7 xenograft tumor. In addition, the analysis of metabolites revealed that the MBL extract inhibited tumor growth by activating the metabolic pathways of unsaturated fatty acids and purines. Overall, this study suggests that MBL extract can be used as a natural anticancer adjuvant in the fields of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yue Ma
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China.,Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baicheng, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Zhang
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ya Li
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xing-Hao Tu
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Li-Qing Du
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS), Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Post-Harvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
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Zhu XS, Zhao Y, Ma FY, Xuan L, Wu SK. [Nutritional status predicts clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical gastrectomy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:421-428. [PMID: 33611892 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200513-01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of nutritional status on clinical and pathological data for stage Ⅰ-Ⅳ gastric cancer patients from the cancer survival investigation information. Methods: A database of 302 consecutive gastric cancer patients underwent radical gastrectomy was enrolled in this study. The clinical and pathological information of them were corrected and the relationship between the nutritional index and the patients survival time were analyzed by a Cox regression model. Results: The clinical data analysis of 302 patients with gastric cancer who received total gastric resection indicated that the nutritional status was related to the stage of tumor patients, suggesting that the later the stage was, the more necessary the nutritional therapy intervention was. Univariate analysis showed that Ⅲ+Ⅳ of TNM staging (HR=4.417, 95%CI:2.483-6.351; P =0.029), patient age of 65 and above (HR=2.217, 95%CI:0.522-3.912; P =0.038), lymph node metastasis positive (HR=2.517, 95%CI:0.516-4.518; P=0.036), poor tumor differentiation (HR=3.626, 95%CI:0.721-6.531; P =0.021) and low PNI (HR=2.612, 95%CI: 0.712-4.512; P =0.029) is an important risk factor for poor prognosis. In the multivariate analysis, Ⅲ+Ⅳ of TNM staging (HR=3.821, 95%CI:1.923-5.719; P =0.014), patient age of 65 and above (HR=1.168, 95%CI:0.321-2.015; P =0.036) and low PNI (HR=2.435, 95%CI:1.024-3.846; P =0.039) was independently correlated with poor survival time; When age was used as a stratification factor, the correlation between CONUT recurrence and survival in patients with gastric cancer ≥65 years old after total gastric resection was analyzed and compared. For disease-free survival, the CONUT high group (>3) was 25.2 months, while the CONUT low group (≤3) was 30.9 months, (χ2=3.763,P=0.029), showing a significant difference. For the overall survival, the CONUT high(>3) group was 30.3 months, compared with the CONUT low(≤3) group at 34.5 months, (χ2=4.924,P=0.042), and the difference was also statistically significant. Conclusions: High controlling nutritional status is an independent risk factor associated with poor gastric cancer survival and it is an independent risk factor in predicting overall survival (OS) in elderly (≥65) gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X S Zhu
- Oncology Department, Peking University, First Hospital, Beijing 100031, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Pathology Department, Peking University, First Hospital, Beijing 100031, China
| | - F Y Ma
- Radiotherapy Department, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Chengde Medical College, Baoding 120013, China
| | - L Xuan
- Oncology Department, Peking University, First Hospital, Beijing 100031, China
| | - S K Wu
- Oncology Department, Peking University, First Hospital, Beijing 100031, China
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Tu XQ, Lai ZH, Zhang Y, Ding KQ, Ma FY, Yang GY, He JR, Zeng LL. Periventricular White Matter Hyperintensity in Males is Associated with Post-Stroke Depression Onset at 3 Months. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:1839-1857. [PMID: 34135586 PMCID: PMC8197583 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s311207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the correlation between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and post-stroke depression (PSD) at 3 months, and to further investigate sex differences in the pathogenesis of PSD. METHODS A total of 238 consecutive patients with acute cerebral infarction were recruited. PSD was assessed at 2 weeks and at 3 months after stroke onset. All stroke cases were divided into four subgroups according to the diagnosis of depression at two time nodes: continuous depression; depression remission; late-onset PSD; and continuous non-depression. The Fazekas and Scheltens visual rating scales were adopted to assess WMH. RESULTS Logistic regression revealed that the presence of periventricular white matter hyperintensity (PVWMH) at baseline in male patients was an independent risk factor for PSD at 3 months. Further subgroup analysis revealed that PVWMH was associated with late-onset PSD in males, but not with continuous depression 3 months after stroke. Male acute stroke patients with PVWMH at baseline were more likely to develop PSD at 3 months, especially late-onset PSD. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that sex differences may influence the pathogenesis of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Qiang Tu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Hua Lai
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital North, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Qi Ding
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yue Ma
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Rong He
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Zeng
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Liu YG, Li B, Fu Q, Zhang XM, Ma FY, Hu Y. Miracle Fruit Leaf Extract: Antioxidant Activity Evaluation, Constituent Identification, and Medical Applications. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1854277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ge Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology of Ministry of Agriculture, The South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Boyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health/School of Food Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology of Ministry of Agriculture, The South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology of Ministry of Agriculture, The South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fei-Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology of Ministry of Agriculture, The South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co. Ltd, Guiyang, China
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Ma FY, Feng HM, Gao F, He J, Li Y, Cai DL. [Long term remission after syngeneic peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation without conditioning regimen in a patient with severe aplastic anemia]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2020; 59:467-469. [PMID: 32486589 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20190922-00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Y Ma
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Department of Nephrology, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - H M Feng
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - F Gao
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - J He
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - D L Cai
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Kong WX, Ma FY, Fu SL, Wang W, Xie CH, Zhang YY, Gong FQ. Biomarkers of intravenous immunoglobulin resistance and coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease. World J Pediatr 2019; 15:168-175. [PMID: 30809758 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-019-00234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there are no reliable indicators for predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance and coronary artery lesions in the early stage of Kawasaki disease. METHODS A total of 300 patients with Kawasaki disease were studied retrospectively. Laboratory data were compared between the intravenous immunoglobulin resistant (29 patients) and responsive groups, and between the groups with coronary artery lesions (48 patients) and without coronary artery lesions. RESULTS The intravenous immunoglobulin resistant group had significantly higher D-dimer, globulin, interleukin-6 and serum ferritin levels in comparison to the intravenous immunoglobulin responder group. D-dimer level had a sensitivity of 87.0% and a specificity of 56.3% for predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance at a cutoff point of 1.09 mg/L. Globulin had a sensitivity of 62.1% and a specificity of 82.3% for predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance at a cutoff point of 34.7 g/L. Serum ferritin level had a sensitivity of 42.9% and a specificity of 88.8% for predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance at a cutoff point of 269.7 ng/mL. The patients with coronary artery lesions had higher D-dimer and tumor necrosis factor-α level. D-dimer level had a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 78.6% for predicting coronary artery lesions at a cutoff point of 1.84 mg/L. Based on analysis by multivariate logistic regression, serum ferritin and globulin were independent risks for intravenous immunoglobulin resistance, D-dimer was independent risk for coronary artery lesions. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum ferritin, globulin and D-dimer levels are significantly associated with intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in Kawasaki disease. Moreover, serum D-dimer is significantly increased in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Xing Kong
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Fei-Yue Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Song-Ling Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Chun-Hong Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Yi-Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Fang-Qi Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310052, China.
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He JR, Zhang Y, Lu WJ, Liang HB, Tu XQ, Ma FY, Yang GY, Zeng LL. Age-Related Frontal Periventricular White Matter Hyperintensities and miR-92a-3p Are Associated with Early-Onset Post-Stroke Depression. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:328. [PMID: 29051732 PMCID: PMC5633610 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the correlationship among white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), miR-92a-3p and early-onset post-stroke depression (PSD). Methods: We recruited consecutively 238 patients with acute cerebral infarction and MRI examination in the Department of neurology, Ruijin hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. The diagnosis of early-onset PSD was made in accordance with DSM-IV criteria for depression in 2 weeks after stroke. Clinical information and assessments of stroke severity were recorded on admission. The analysis of plasma miR-92a-3p was performed using quantitative PCR at the same time. WMHs were evaluated by the Fazekas and Scheltens visual rating scales. The relationship among WMHs, miR-92a-3p and PSD were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software. Results: Logistic regression demonstrated that periventricular WMHs (PVWMHs) in frontal caps was an independent risk factor with early-onset PSD (OR = 1.579, 95% CI: 1.040-2.397, p = 0.032). The age and numbers of lacunes were related to frontal PVWMHs. Plasma miR-92a-3p in the PSD group was higher compared with the non-depressed group. Receiver operating curve analysis revealed that miR-92a-3p could predict early-onset PSD with 90% sensitivity and 90% specificity. The higher miR-92a-3p trended toward association with greater frontal PVWMHs. Conclusion: Acute ischemic stroke patients with frontal PVWMHs or a high plasma miR-92a-3p at baseline were more likely to develop early-onset PSD. MiR-92a-3p might be involved in the white matter impairment and post-stroke depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Rong He
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jing Lu
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huai-Bin Liang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan-Qiang Tu
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Yue Ma
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Li Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ma FY, Luo M, Zhao CJ, Li CY, Wang W, Gu CB, Wei ZF, Zu YG, Fu YJ. Simple and efficient preparation of biochanin A and genistein from Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen leaves using macroporous resin followed by flash chromatography. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ma FY, Gu CB, Li CY, Luo M, Wang W, Zu YG, Li J, Fu YJ. Microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction of isoflavonoids from Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen leaves. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lim AKH, Ma FY, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Kitching AR, Thomas MC, Tesch GH. Lymphocytes promote albuminuria, but not renal dysfunction or histological damage in a mouse model of diabetic renal injury. Diabetologia 2010; 53:1772-82. [PMID: 20422398 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1757-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diabetic nephropathy is an inflammatory disease with prominent leucocyte infiltration of the kidneys. While the importance of macrophages in diabetic renal injury has been clearly demonstrated, the role of lymphocytes is still unknown. We therefore examined the development of diabetic renal injury in lymphocyte-deficient mice. METHODS Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in Rag1(-/-) mice, which lack mature T and B lymphocytes, and in wild-type (Rag1(+/+) ) controls. The development of renal injury was examined over 20 weeks of diabetes. RESULTS Both groups developed equivalent diabetes, however only Rag1(+/+) mice had kidney infiltration with CD4, CD8, CD22 and forkhead box P3-positive cells, as well as glomerular immunoglobulin deposition. At 20 weeks, Rag1(+/+) mice exhibited renal hypertrophy, increased mesangial and interstitial matrix, kidney macrophage accumulation, tubular injury, progressive albuminuria and a decline in renal function. In comparison, diabetic Rag1(-/-) mice showed similar histological damage, matrix expansion, macrophage accrual and loss of renal function, but were protected from increasing albuminuria. This protection was associated with protection against loss of podocytes and glomerular podocin production, and with reduced glomerular macrophage activation. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results show that lymphocytes contribute to the development of diabetic albuminuria, which may partly arise from increasing glomerular macrophage activation and podocyte damage. In contrast, lymphocytes do not appear to promote tubular injury, increased matrix deposition or decline in renal function in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Our findings suggest that innate immunity rather than adaptive immune responses are the major inflammatory contributor to the progression of diabetic renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K H Lim
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Lim AKH, Ma FY, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Thomas MC, Hurst LA, Tesch GH. Antibody blockade of c-fms suppresses the progression of inflammation and injury in early diabetic nephropathy in obese db/db mice. Diabetologia 2009; 52:1669-79. [PMID: 19466391 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-009-1399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Macrophage-mediated renal injury plays an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1 is a cytokine that is produced in diabetic kidneys and promotes macrophage accumulation, activation and survival. CSF-1 acts exclusively through the c-fms receptor, which is only expressed on cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. Therefore, we used c-fms blockade as a strategy to selectively target macrophage-mediated injury during the progression of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS Obese, type 2 diabetic db/db BL/KS mice with established albuminuria were treated with a neutralising anti-c-fms monoclonal antibody (AFS98) or isotype matched control IgG from 12 to 18 weeks of age and examined for renal injury. RESULTS Treatment with AFS98 did not affect obesity, hyperglycaemia, circulating monocyte levels or established albuminuria in db/db mice. However, AFS98 did prevent glomerular hyperfiltration and suppressed variables of inflammation in the diabetic kidney, including kidney macrophages (accumulation, activation and proliferation), chemokine CC motif ligand 2 levels (mRNA and urine protein), kidney activation of proinflammatory pathways (c-Jun amino-terminal kinase and activating transcription factor 2) and Tnf-alpha (also known as Tnf) mRNA levels. In addition, AFS98 decreased the tissue damage caused by macrophages including tubular injury (apoptosis and hypertrophy), interstitial damage (cell proliferation and myofibroblast accrual) and renal fibrosis (Tgf-beta1 [also known as Tgfb1] and Col4a1 mRNA). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Blockade of c-fms can suppress the progression of established diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice by targeting macrophage-mediated injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K H Lim
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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Lim AKH, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Ma FY, Ozols E, Thomas MC, Flavell RA, Davis RJ, Tesch GH. Role of MKK3-p38 MAPK signalling in the development of type 2 diabetes and renal injury in obese db/db mice. Diabetologia 2009; 52:347-58. [PMID: 19066844 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1215-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Obesity and diabetes are associated with increased intracellular p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling, which may promote tissue inflammation and injury. Activation of p38 MAPK can be induced by either of the immediate upstream kinases, MAP kinase kinase (MKK)3 or MKK6, and recent evidence suggests that MKK3 has non-redundant roles in the pathology attributed to p38 MAPK activation. Therefore, this study examined whether MKK3 signalling influences the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. METHODS Wild-type and Mkk3 (also known as Map2k3) gene-deficient db/db mice were assessed for the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes and renal injury from 8 to 32 weeks of age. RESULTS Mkk3 (+/+) db/db and Mkk3 (-/-) db/db mice developed comparable obesity and were similar in terms of incidence and severity of type 2 diabetes. At 32 weeks, diabetic Mkk3 (+/+) db/db mice had increased kidney levels of phospho-p38 and MKK3 protein. In comparison, kidney levels of phospho-p38 in diabetic Mkk3 ( -/- ) db/db mice remained normal, despite a fourfold compensatory increase in MKK6 protein levels. The reduced levels of p38 MAPK signalling in the diabetic kidneys of Mkk3 ( -/- ) db/db mice was associated with protection against the following: declining renal function, increasing albuminuria, renal hypertrophy, podocyte loss, mesangial cell activation and glomerular fibrosis. Diabetic Mkk3 ( -/- ) db/db mice were also significantly protected from tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis, which was associated with reduced Ccl2 mRNA expression and interstitial macrophage accumulation. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION MKK3-p38 MAPK signalling is not required for the development of obesity or type 2 diabetes, but plays a distinct pathogenic role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K H Lim
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Chen BX, Ma FY, Luo W, Ruan JH, Xie WL, Zhao XZ, Sun SH, Guo XM, Wang F, Tian T, Chu XW. Neointimal coverage of bare-metal and sirolimus-eluting stents evaluated with optical coherence tomography. Heart 2008; 94:566-70. [PMID: 17923466 PMCID: PMC2564839 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2007.118679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the neointimal coverage of sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) and bare-metal stent (BMS) visualised in vivo by optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS OCT images were obtained in 26 coronary vessels of 24 patients at 5-93 months after SES or BMS deployment. The short-term BMS group (BMS1) consisted of eight BMS in seven patients at 5-10 months of follow-up, the long-term BMS group (BMS2) consisted of six BMS in six patients at 23-93 months of follow-up, and the SES group (SES) consisted of 13 SES in 10 patients at 6-12 months of follow-up. The strut apposition, strut coverage and mean maximal and minimal neointimal thicknesses (NIT) for both BMS groups and SES were compared. RESULTS OCT images were acquired successfully. Significant differences between completely apposed and malapposed stent struts (p<0.0001) and between covered and uncovered stent struts (p<0.0001) were found among the three groups. The mean maximal and minimal NIT in the SES group were all significantly less than those of the BMS1 or BMS2 group, the minimal NIT in the BMS1 group was significantly less than that of the BMS2 but the mean maximal NIT was no significant difference between the BMS1 and BMS2 groups. In an open bifurcation artery, 19 struts visualised by OCT had no discernible coverage or were surrounded by either thrombus or a thick tissue layer. CONCLUSIONS OCT imaging can clearly visualise stent apposition and neointimal coverage of stent struts. Incomplete strut apposition and lack of strut coverage occurred with a significantly higher frequency in SES than in BMS. These findings may explain the occurrence of late thrombosis in SES. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the optical analogue to ultrasound, measuring the back-reflection of infrared light instead of sound waves. The greatest advantage of OCT is its high resolution, which exceeds that of any currently available in vivo imaging technology. The resolution of catheter-based systems is in the range of 10-20 microm. Furthermore, resolutions as high as 4 microm have been achieved ex vivo with more sophisticated techniques that may be applicable to future catheter-based approaches. The main components of various atheromatous plaques can be identified in OCT images, and have been validated in a histology-controlled study. Several studies have demonstrated the feasibility of OCT imaging in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of the present study was to use OCT to analyse the neointimal coverage of sirolimus-eluting stents (SES), compared with that of bare-metal stents (BMS).
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Affiliation(s)
- B X Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Wang XL, Fan LZ, Mei A, Ma FY, Lin YH, Nan CW. Ionic transport behavior in poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(propylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide) and LiClO4 complex. Electrochim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Flanc RS, Ma FY, Tesch GH, Han Y, Atkins RC, Bennett BL, Friedman GC, Fan JH, Nikolic-Paterson DJ. A pathogenic role for JNK signaling in experimental anti-GBM glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 2007; 72:698-708. [PMID: 17597698 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is involved in the immune response; however, little is known of its role in immune-induced renal injury. In this study, we examine JNK signaling in the rat anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease model using CC-401, a specific JNK inhibitor. Animals were given CC-401, vehicle alone or no treatment starting before anti-GBM serum injection and continued treatment until killing. In acute disease, CC-401 blocked JNK signaling and reduced proteinuria in the first 24 h. The transient neutrophil influx seen at 3 h of disease was not affected, however. Continued CC-401 treatment suppressed glomerular and tubulointerstitial damage usually seen at 14 days. The protective effect may be due to modulation of macrophage activation, as CC-401 had no effect upon glomerular macrophage infiltration at day 14 despite the suppression of glomerular lesions and a marked reduction in renal tumor necrosis factor-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA levels. Treatment with CC-401 had no apparent effect on T cell or humoral immune responses. These studies suggest that JNK signaling promotes renal injury in acute and progressive rat anti-GBM disease. JNK inhibitors may be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of human glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Flanc
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Chow FY, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Ma FY, Ozols E, Rollins BJ, Tesch GH. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-induced tissue inflammation is critical for the development of renal injury but not type 2 diabetes in obese db/db mice. Diabetologia 2007; 50:471-80. [PMID: 17160673 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-006-0497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Tissue macrophage accumulation is thought to induce insulin resistance during obesity and stimulate the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a potent stimulator of macrophage recruitment. It is increased in adipose tissue during obesity and in diabetic kidneys, suggesting that inflammation of these tissues may be MCP-1-dependent. Based on these findings, the aim of this study was to examine whether a deficiency in MCP-1 would alter the development of type 2 diabetes and its renal complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS The role of MCP-1 in the progression of type 2 diabetes and its associated renal injury was assessed in obese db/db mice that were deficient in the gene encoding MCP-1 (Ccl2). RESULTS The incidence and development of type 2 diabetes were similar in Ccl2(+/+) and Ccl2(-/-) db/db mice between 8 and 32 weeks of age. Body mass, hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, glucose and insulin tolerance, plasma triacylglycerol and serum NEFA were not different between these strains. Pathological changes in epididymal adipose tissue, including increases in macrophage accumulation and Tnfa mRNA and reductions in Adipoq mRNA, were unaffected by the absence of MCP-1. In contrast, kidney macrophage accumulation and the progression of diabetic renal injury (albuminuria, histopathology, renal fibrosis) were substantially reduced in Ccl2(-/-) compared with Ccl2(+/+) db/db mice with equivalent diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study demonstrates that MCP-1 promotes type 2 diabetic renal injury but does not influence the development of obesity, insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes in db/db mice. MCP-1 plays a critical role in inflammation of the kidney, but not adipose tissue, during the progression of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Chow
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
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Abstract
The vascular-pedicle "wrap-around" free flap was used in five patients for reconstruction in amputations distal to the metacarpophalangeal joint. In five other patients who had normal thumbs but had lost all fingers, the technique was expanded to include the second toe with great toe wrap-around flap. All patients did well, but significant bone peg resorption occurred in six patients and in three others the bone peg fractured.
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