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Proietti FA, Lima-Martins MV, Passos V, Brener S, Carneiro-Proietti AB. HTLV-I/II Seropositivity among Eligible Blood Donors from Minas Gerais State, Brasil. Vox Sang 2017. [DOI: 10.1159/000462560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lima-Costa MF, Macinko J, Mambrini JVDM, Cesar CC, Peixoto SV, Magalhães WCS, Horta BL, Barreto M, Castro-Costa E, Firmo JOA, Proietti FA, Leal TP, Rodrigues MR, Pereira A, Tarazona-Santos E. Genomic Ancestry, Self-Rated Health and Its Association with Mortality in an Admixed Population: 10 Year Follow-Up of the Bambui-Epigen (Brazil) Cohort Study of Ageing. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144456. [PMID: 26680774 PMCID: PMC4683049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Self-rated health (SRH) has strong predictive value for mortality in different contexts and cultures, but there is inconsistent evidence on ethnoracial disparities in SRH in Latin America, possibly due to the complexity surrounding ethnoracial self-classification. Materials/Methods We used 370,539 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) to examine the association between individual genomic proportions of African, European and Native American ancestry, and ethnoracial self-classification, with baseline and 10-year SRH trajectories in 1,311 community dwelling older Brazilians. We also examined whether genomic ancestry and ethnoracial self-classification affect the predictive value of SRH for subsequent mortality. Results European ancestry predominated among participants, followed by African and Native American (median = 84.0%, 9.6% and 5.3%, respectively); the prevalence of Non-White (Mixed and Black) was 39.8%. Persons at higher levels of African and Native American genomic ancestry, and those self-identified as Non-White, were more likely to report poor health than other groups, even after controlling for socioeconomic conditions and an array of self-reported and objective physical health measures. Increased risks for mortality associated with worse SRH trajectories were strong and remarkably similar (hazard ratio ~3) across all genomic ancestry and ethno-racial groups. Conclusions Our results demonstrated for the first time that higher levels of African and Native American genomic ancestry—and the inverse for European ancestry—were strongly correlated with worse SRH in a Latin American admixed population. Both genomic ancestry and ethnoracial self-classification did not modify the strong association between baseline SRH or SRH trajectory, and subsequent mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Fernanda Lima-Costa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - James Macinko
- University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Departments of Health Policy and Management and Community Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | | | - Cibele C. Cesar
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Estatística, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio V. Peixoto
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wagner C. S. Magalhães
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bernardo L. Horta
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Medicina Social, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Mauricio Barreto
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Pesquisas Gonçalo Muniz, Bahia, Salvador, Brasil
| | - Erico Castro-Costa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Josélia O. A. Firmo
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando A. Proietti
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago Peixoto Leal
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maira R. Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Carneiro-Proietti ABF, Amaranto-Damasio MS, Leal-Horiguchi CF, Bastos RHC, Seabra-Freitas G, Borowiak DR, Ribeiro MA, Proietti FA, Ferreira ASD, Martins ML. Mother-to-Child Transmission of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Viruses-1/2: What We Know, and What Are the Gaps in Understanding and Preventing This Route of Infection. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2014; 3 Suppl 1:S24-9. [PMID: 25232474 PMCID: PMC4164183 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piu070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-1/2) were described over 30 years ago, they are relatively unknown to the public and even to healthcare personnel. Although HTLV-1 is associated with severe illnesses, these occur in only approximately 10% of infected individuals, which may explain the lack of public knowledge about them. However, cohort studies are showing that a myriad of other disease manifestations may trouble infected individuals and cause higher expenditures with healthcare. Testing donated blood for HTLV-1/2 started soon after reliable tests were developed, but unfortunately testing is not available for women during prenatal care. Vertical transmission can occur before or after birth of the child. Before birth, it occurs transplacentally or by transfer of virus during cesarean delivery, but these routes of infection are rare. After childbirth, viral transmission occurs during breastfeeding and increases with longer breastfeeding and high maternal proviral load. Unlike the human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2, HTLV is transmitted primarily through breastfeeding and not transplacentally or during delivery. In this study, we review what is currently known about HTLV maternal transmission, its prevention, and the gaps still present in the understanding of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B F Carneiro-Proietti
- Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group Fundação Hemominas Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana
| | | | - C F Leal-Horiguchi
- Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group Fundação Hemominas Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana
| | - R H C Bastos
- Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana
| | - G Seabra-Freitas
- Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana
| | - D R Borowiak
- Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana
| | - M A Ribeiro
- Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group Fundação Hemominas Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais
| | - F A Proietti
- Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Antropologia Médica, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A S D Ferreira
- Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group Fundação Hemominas
| | - M L Martins
- Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group Fundação Hemominas Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana
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Horiguchi CLF, de Souza MA, Reiss DB, Freitas GS, Bastos RHC, Martins ML, Proietti FA, Romanelli LCF, Lopes MSN, Carneiro-Proietti ABF. HTLV-1 and 2 in family groups in Belo Horizonte, Brazil: prevalence and routes of contamination. Retrovirology 2014. [PMCID: PMC4043692 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-11-s1-p53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Romanelli LCF, Bastos RHC, Silva LC, Martins T, Reiss DB, Freitas GS, Souza MA, Horiguchi CLF, Ribas JGR, Silva AM, Proietti FA, Martins ML, da SD Ferreira A, Proietti ABFC. Sensitivity and specificity of spinal cord Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the diagnosis of HTLV-1 associated myelopathy. Retrovirology 2014. [PMCID: PMC4042866 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-11-s1-p12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Macinko J, Mullachery P, Proietti FA, Lima-Costa MF. Who experiences discrimination in Brazil? Evidence from a large metropolitan region. Int J Equity Health 2012; 11:80. [PMID: 23249451 PMCID: PMC3542078 DOI: 10.1186/1475-9276-11-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Perceived discrimination is related to poor health and has been offered as one explanation for the persistence of health inequalities in some societies. In this study, we explore the prevalence and correlates of perceived discrimination in a large, multiracial Brazilian metropolitan area. Methods The study uses secondary analysis of a regionally representative household survey conducted in 2010 (n=12,213). Bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regression assess the magnitude and statistical significance of covariates associated with reports of any discrimination and with discrimination in specific settings, including when seeking healthcare services, in the work environment, in the family, in social occasions among friends or in public places, or in other situations. Results Nearly 9% of the sample reported some type of discrimination. In multivariable models, reports of any discrimination were higher among people who identify as black versus white (OR 1.91), higher (OR 1.21) among women than men, higher (OR 1.33) among people in their 30’s and lower (OR 0.63) among older individuals. People with many health problems (OR 4.97) were more likely to report discrimination than those with few health problems. Subjective social status (OR 1.23) and low social trust (OR 1.27) were additional associated factors. Perceived discrimination experienced while seeking healthcare differed from all other types of discrimination, in that it was not associated with skin color, social status or trust, but was associated with sex, poverty, and poor health. Conclusions There appear to be multiple factors associated with perceived discrimination in this population that may affect health. Policies and programs aimed at reducing discrimination in Brazil will likely need to address this wider set of interrelated risk factors across different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Macinko
- Dept, of Nutrition, Food Studies & Public Health, New York University, New York, USA.
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Carneiro-Proietti ABF, Sabino EC, Leão S, Salles NA, Loureiro P, Sarr M, Wright D, Busch M, Proietti FA, Murphy, for the NHLBI Retrovirus Ep EL. Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence, incidence, and residual transfusion risk among blood donors in Brazil during 2007-2009. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2012; 28:1265-72. [PMID: 22324906 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2011.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1/2 (HTLV-1/2) infection is endemic in Brazil but representative donor prevalence and incidence data are lacking. All blood donations (2007-2009) from three blood centers in Brazil were studied. Samples reactive on one HTLV screening test (EIA) were retested with a different EIA; dual EIA reactivity correlated strongly with a confirmatory Western blot. Prevalence, incidence, and residual transfusion risk were calculated. Among 281,760 first-time donors, 363 were positive for HTLV on both EIAs (135 per 10(5), 95% CI 122-150). Prevalence differed considerably by region, from 83 to 222 per 10(5). Overall incidence rate was 3.6/10(5) person-years and residual transfusion risk was 5.0/10(6) per blood unit transfused. The logistic regression model showed significant associations with: age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=5.23 for age 50+ vs. <20], female sex (aOR=1.97), black (aOR=2.70 vs. white), and mixed skin colors (aOR=1.78 vs. white), and inversely with education (aOR=0.49, college vs. less than high school). HTLV testing with a dual-EIA strategy is feasible and can be useful in areas with low resources. Incidence and residual risk of HTLV-1 transmission by transfusion were relatively high and could be reduced by improving donor recruitment and selection in high prevalence areas. Blood center data may contribute to surveillance for HTLV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Busch
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California
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Gonçalez TT, Di Lorenzo Oliveira C, Carneiro-Proietti ABF, Moreno EC, Miranda C, Larsen N, Wright D, Leão S, Loureiro P, de Almeida-Neto C, Lopes MI, Proietti FA, Custer B, Sabino E. Motivation and social capital among prospective blood donors in three large blood centers in Brazil. Transfusion 2012; 53:1291-301. [PMID: 22998740 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03887.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies analyzing motivation factors that lead to blood donation have found altruism to be the primary motivation factor; however, social capital has not been analyzed in this context. Our study examines the association between motivation factors (altruism, self-interest, and response to direct appeal) and social capital (cognitive and structural) across three large blood centers in Brazil. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 7635 donor candidates from October 15 through November 20, 2009. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires on demographics, previous blood donation, human immunodeficiency virus testing and knowledge, social capital, and donor motivations. Enrollment was determined before the donor screening process. RESULTS Among participants, 43.5 and 41.7% expressed high levels of altruism and response to direct appeal, respectively, while only 26.9% expressed high levels of self-interest. More high self-interest was observed at Hemope-Recife (41.7%). Of participants, 37.4% expressed high levels of cognitive social capital while 19.2% expressed high levels of structural social capital. More high cognitive and structural social capital was observed at Hemope-Recife (47.3 and 21.3%, respectively). High cognitive social capital was associated with high levels of altruism, self-interest, and response to direct appeal. Philanthropic and high social altruism were associated with high levels of altruism and response to direct appeal. CONCLUSION Cognitive and structural social capital and social altruism are associated with altruism and response to direct appeal, while only cognitive social capital is associated with self-interest. Designing marketing campaigns with these aspects in mind may help blood banks attract potential blood donors more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thelma T Gonçalez
- Department of Epidemiology, Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California 94118, USA.
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Oliveira CDL, Goncalez T, Wright D, Rocha PC, Miranda C, Capuani L, Carneiro-Proietti AB, Proietti FA, de Almeida-Neto C, Larsen NM, Sampaio D, Custer B. Relationship between social capital and test seeking among blood donors in Brazil. Vox Sang 2012; 104:100-9. [PMID: 22892075 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2012.01643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Higher risk of HIV infection could be associated with test seeking, which is one motivation for donating blood. Cognitive social capital is defined as the social support, trust and co-operation that guide community behaviour. Structural social capital refers to an individual's participation in institutions and organizations. The association between social capital and test seeking was assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey of over 7500 donors in three Brazilian blood centres was conducted. Test seeking was classified into four non-overlapping categories (non-test seeker, possible, presumed and self-disclosed test seekers) using one direct and two indirect questions. Social capital was summarized into cognitive and structural categorizations. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS Compared with non-test seekers (62% of survey respondents), cognitive social capital was higher for each category of test seeking (OR=1.1, 7.4, 7.1, P<0.05 respectively). Male gender, lower education and lower income were also significantly associated with test seeking. CONCLUSION As test seekers appear to have strong social networks, blood banks may leverage this to convince them to seek testing at other locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D L Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Lima-Costa MF, Cesar CC, Chor D, Proietti FA. Self-rated health compared with objectively measured health status as a tool for mortality risk screening in older adults: 10-year follow-up of the Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging. Am J Epidemiol 2012; 175:228-35. [PMID: 22193172 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in self-rated health (SRH) as a tool for use in disease and mortality risk screening is increasing. The authors assessed the discriminatory ability of baseline SRH to predict 10-year mortality rates compared with objectively measured health status. Principal component analysis was used to create a health score that included systolic blood pressure, presence of diabetes mellitus, body mass index, electrocardiographic parameters, B-type natriuretic peptide, and other biochemical and hematologic measures. From 1997 to 2007, a total of 474 of the 1,388 baseline participants died and 81 were lost to follow-up, yielding 11,833 person-years of observation. The adjusted hazard ratio for death was 1.74 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32, 2.29) for persons reporting poor health versus those reporting good health. When combined with age and sex, SRH had a C statistic to predict death equal to 0.69 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.71), which was comparable to that of the inclusive health score (C = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.72). The addition of other parameters, such as lifestyle, physical functioning, mental symptoms, and physical symptoms, had little effect on these 2 predictive models (C = 0.71 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.73) and C = 0.71 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.74), respectively). The abilities of the SRH and the health score models to predict death decreased in parallel fashion over time. These results suggest that older adults who report poor health warrant particular attention as persons who have accumulated biologic markers of disease.
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Carneiro-Proietti ABF, Sabino EC, Leão S, Loureiro P, Sarr M, Busch M, Proietti FA, Murphy EL. HTLV-1/2 prevalence in Brazilian blood donors: regional and demographic variation. Retrovirology 2011. [PMCID: PMC3112800 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-8-s1-a83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Oliveira CDL, Martins G, Custer B, Proietti FA, Carneiro-Proietti ABF, César CC. Hierarchical analysis of anaemia deferral in blood donor candidates: the individual in the population perspective. Transfus Med 2011; 21:371-7. [PMID: 22032634 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2011.01110.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gontijo TL, Meireles AL, Malta DC, Proietti FA, Xavier CC. Evaluation of implementation of humanized care to low weight newborns - the Kangaroo Method. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2010; 86:33-9. [PMID: 20151092 DOI: 10.2223/jped.1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the implementation of the kangaroo mother method in hospitals trained by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. METHOD Cross-sectional study, evaluating 176 (60.1%) out of 293 hospitals that were trained by the Brazilian Ministry of Health from 2000 to 2003 in Brazil. This study was conducted in two phases. The first phase consisted of sending a questionnaire to 293 hospitals; in the second phase an in loco visit was made in a sample of 29 among those hospitals. The instrument for data collection was sent to all hospitals by mail, fax or e-mail through the Ministry of Health and they addressed the three dimensions of the normative assessment: structure, processes, and results. The second phase consisted of an evaluation of the process, using a structured guide of non-participant observation. To estimate the reliability of the variable "deployment of the steps of the method" between questionnaire and site visit, we used the kappa test. RESULTS The first stage of the kangaroo mother method was implemented in 84.9% of the hospitals, but only 47.3% of them implemented the three stages according to the Brazilian norm. The kappa test results indicated a moderate agreement for the first stage, and substantial for the second and third stages of the method. CONCLUSION Hospital training was important for triggering the implementation process of the kangaroo mother method. However, they were not enough to promote the implementation of the three phases of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarcísio L Gontijo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde/Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Carneiro-Proietti AB, Sabino EC, Sampaio D, Proietti FA, Gonçalez TT, Oliveira CDL, Ferreira JE, Liu J, Custer B, Schreiber GB, Murphy EL, Busch MP. Demographic profile of blood donors at three major Brazilian blood centers: results from the International REDS-II study, 2007 to 2008. Transfusion 2009; 50:918-25. [PMID: 20003051 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02529.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The profile of blood donors changed dramatically in Brazil over the past 20 years, from remunerated to nonremunerated and then from replacement to community donors. Donor demographic data from three major blood centers establish current donation profiles in Brazil, serving as baseline for future analyses and tracking longitudinal changes in donor characteristics. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Data were extracted from the blood center, compiled in a data warehouse, and analyzed. Population data were obtained from the Brazilian census. RESULTS During 2007 to 2008, there were 615,379 blood donations from 410,423 donors. A total of 426,142 (69.2%) were from repeat (Rpt) donors and 189,237 (30.8%) were from first-time (FT) donors. Twenty percent of FT donors returned to donate in the period. FT donors were more likely to be younger, and Rpt donors were more likely to be community donors. All were predominantly male. Replacement donors still represent 50% of FT and 30% of Rpt donors. The mean percentage of the potentially general population who were donors was approximately 1.2% for the three centers (0.7, 1.5, and 3.1%). Adjusting for the catchment's area, the first two were 2.1 and 1.6%. CONCLUSIONS Donors in the three Brazilian centers tended to be younger with a higher proportion of males than in the general population. Donation rates were lower than desirable. There were substantial differences in sex, age, and community/replacement status by center. Studies on the safety, donation frequencies, and motivations of donors are in progress to orient efforts to enhance the availability of blood.
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Di Lorenzo Oliveira C, Loureiro F, de Bastos MR, Proietti FA, Carneiro-Proietti AB. Blood donor deferral in Minas Gerais State, Brazil: blood centers as sentinels of urban population health. Transfusion 2009; 49:851-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Allain JP, Stramer SL, Carneiro-Proietti ABF, Martins ML, Lopes da Silva SN, Ribeiro M, Proietti FA, Reesink HW. Transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases. Biologicals 2009; 37:71-7. [PMID: 19231236 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A spectrum of blood-borne infectious agents is transmitted through transfusion of infected blood donated by apparently healthy and asymptomatic blood donors. The diversity of infectious agents includes hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1/2), human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-I/II), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Parvovirus B19, West Nile Virus (WNV), Dengue virus, trypanosomiasis, malaria, and variant CJD. Several strategies are implemented to reduce the risk of transmitting these infectious agents by donor exclusion for clinical history of risk factors, screening for the serological markers of infections, and nucleic acid testing (NAT) by viral gene amplification for direct and sensitive detection of the known infectious agents. Consequently, transfusions are safer now than ever before and we have learnt how to mitigate risks of emerging infectious diseases such as West Nile, Chikungunya, and Dengue viruses.
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Goncalves DU, Proietti FA, Barbosa-Stancioli EF, Martins ML, Ribas JG, Martins-Filho OA, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Peruhype-Magalhães V, Carneiro-Proietti AB. HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) inflammatory network. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 7:98-107. [PMID: 18691139 DOI: 10.2174/187152808785107642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/ tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a systemic immune-mediated inflammatory disease and tissues other than nervous can be damaged, mainly ocular, rheumatic and dermatologic. Over 90% of HTLV-1-infected individuals remain lifelong asymptomatic and this retrovirus persists indefinitely in their CD4+ T-lymphocytes. The infection is maintained due to the proliferation of lymphocytes that harbor a provirus and express HTLV-1 proteins, particularly Tax, promoting an active and selective expansion of infected T cells. High proviral load is related to disease progression, which is correlated to disequilibrium between host and virus. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes are abundant and chronically activated in asymptomatic carriers and in HAM/TSP patients. The asymptomatic carriers were shown to have a high frequency of pro-inflammatory monocytes and anti-inflammatory IL-10+CD4+ and IL-10+CD8+ T-cells, as an immunoregulatory mechanism to counterbalance the monocyte-derived TNF-alpha. A putative immunomodulatory event would be the key to control their overall immunological status. In HAM/TSP, a pro-inflammatory microenvironment is the hallmark of the immunological profile. Enhanced frequency of activated CD8+ T-cells (HLA-DR+) in combination with high CD18 surface expression has been seen. In blood and cerebrospinal fluid, increased levels of Type-1 cytokines, as interferon-(IFN)-gamma, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-alpha, Interleukin (IL)-2, and pro-inflammatory IL-6, can be found. Concerning the progression, HLA polymorphisms may influence HAM/TSP and the allele HLA-A*2 has been associated with protection. The authors showed that HAM/TSP is strongly associated with a decreased percentage of B-cells, with enhanced T/B-cell ratio and activated CD8+ T-cells. These immunological parameters have been proposed as a prognostic biomarker for HAM/TSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise U Goncalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Stumpf BP, Carneiro-Proietti AB, Proietti FA, Rocha FL. Higher rate of major depression among blood donor candidates infected with human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Int J Psychiatry Med 2009; 38:345-55. [PMID: 19069577 DOI: 10.2190/pm.38.3.i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Viral infections have been previously associated with psychiatric disorders. This work aimed to study the relationship between the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and depression. METHOD A case-control study with prevalent cases was conducted from April 2004 to June 2005. Participants were from a public transfusion center in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The base population was composed of blood donor candidates infected with HTLV-1 (asymptomatic carriers), followed-up in a cohort study. As a control group, HTLV-1 seronegative blood donors were selected in a random fashion. Study participants underwent psychiatric evaluation using a structured diagnostic instrument, the Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview (MINI), to estimate the rate of depression. The interviewer was unaware of participants' HTLV-1 serostatus. The co-variables studied were gender, age, formal education, personal income, and the presence of other psychiatric diagnoses. Logistic regression was used to examine the relation between HTLV-1 infection and depression. RESULTS The final sample was composed of 74 individuals infected with HTLV-1 and 24 uninfected controls. The rate of depression was significantly higher in HTLV-1 carriers when compared with controls (39% vs. 8%; p-value = 0.005). HTLV-1 infection was independently associated with depression (OR = 6.17; CI 95% = 1.32-28.82). CONCLUSIONS The results showed a higher rate of depression in HTLV-1 infected individuals. It was not possible to determine whether depression was related to knowledge of chronic retroviral infection or related to a biological effect of the retroviral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara P Stumpf
- Institute of Social Security of the Civil Servants of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Brener S, Caiaffa WT, Sakurai E, Proietti FA. Fatores associados à aptidão clínica para a doação de sangue: determinantes demográficos e socioeconômicos. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-84842008000200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Matos SGE, Proietti FA, Barata RDCB. Confiabilidade da informação sobre mortalidade por violência em Belo Horizonte, MG. Rev Saude Publica 2007; 41:76-84. [PMID: 17273637 DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89102007000100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2005] [Accepted: 09/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Determinar a confiabilidade da codificação e seleção da causa básica dos óbitos por violência; verificar a concordância entre causa registrada no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade e causa selecionada após investigação no Instituto Médico Legal; avaliar o impacto de incorporar informações pós-investigação dos acidentes não especificados e eventos de intenção indeterminada nas estatísticas de mortalidade. MÉTODOS: Selecionou-se amostra aleatória de 411 declarações de óbito de residentes em Belo Horizonte, MG, de 1998 a 2000. Com base nas informações dessas declarações e do Instituto Médico Legal, procedeu-se à codificação da causa e à determinação da concordância entre esta codificação e aquela registrada no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Ainda, para todas as declarações classificadas como "acidentes não especificados" e "eventos de intenção indeterminada", avaliou-se o impacto da agregação das informações do Instituto Médico Legal sobre a classificação dos diversos tipos de violência. RESULTADOS: A concordância da codificação foi substancial (Kappa=0,782; IC 95%: 0,744; 0,819) e, da causa básica entre moderada e substancial (Kappa=0,602; IC 95%: 0,563; 0,641). Identificou-se 12,9% mais suicídios e 5,7% mais homicídios entre os acidentes não especificados e eventos de intenção indeterminada, estes reduzidos em 47,3% e 59,8%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: Verificou-se necessidade de aprimoramento da codificação e seleção da causa básica; de melhoria no preenchimento da declaração de óbito pelos legistas e das informações médicas e policiais nos documentos de encaminhamento de corpos para necropsia, em especial nos acidentes de transporte e quedas.
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Pinheiro SRAA, Martins-Filho OA, Ribas JGR, Catalan-Soares BC, Proietti FA, Namen-Lopes S, Brito-Melo GEA, Carneiro-Proietti ABF. Immunologic markers, uveitis, and keratoconjunctivitis sicca associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Am J Ophthalmol 2006; 142:811-15. [PMID: 16989761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2006.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2005] [Revised: 06/04/2006] [Accepted: 06/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To verify the occurrence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) associated uveitis (HAU) and to evaluate the immunologic status related to HTLV-1. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Ophthalmic examination (both eyes) and immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes were performed in 207 infected asymptomatic blood donors (AS), 55 controls (NI), and 55 patients with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP). Examiner was masked to patient's serologic status. RESULTS KCS was more frequent in HAM/TSP (30/55, 54.5%) than in NI and AS (07/55, 12.7% and 42/207, 20.3%, respectively). Presence of lacrimal hyposecretion in KCS individuals was higher in the HAM/TSP group (P < .001) as compared with NI and AS. HAU was found in 1/55 (1.82%) of HAM/TSP patients and 4/207 (1.93%) of HTLV-1 seropositive donors. Higher levels of activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were observed in HAM/TSP. Patients with HAU displayed higher percentage of both CD4(+) HLA-DR(+) and CD8(+)HLA-DR(+) when compared with NI and AS without HAU. CONCLUSIONS Patients with HAM/TSP manifested more ophthalmologic symptoms than asymptomatic HTLV-1-infected individuals, with significantly higher KCS and immunologic alterations. Levels of activated CD8+ T cells could be used as a prognosis marker of inflammatory disease manifestation to follow-up AS individuals.
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Carneiro-Proietti ABF, Catalan-Soares BC, Castro-Costa CM, Murphy EL, Sabino EC, Hisada M, Galvão-Castro B, Alcantara LCJ, Remondegui C, Verdonck K, Proietti FA. HTLV in the Americas: challenges and perspectives. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2006; 19:44-53. [PMID: 16536938 DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49892006000100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The first description of the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was made in 1980, followed closely by the discovery of HTLV-2, in 1982. Since then, the main characteristics of these viruses, commonly referred to as HTLV-1/2, have been thoroughly studied. Central and South America and the Caribbean are areas of high prevalence of HTLV-1 and HTVL-2 and have clusters of infected people. The major modes of transmission have been through sexual contact, blood, and mother to child via breast-feeding. HTLV-1 is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), and HTLV-associated uveitis as well as infectious dermatitis of children. More clarification is needed in the possible role of HTLV in rheumatologic, psychiatric, and infectious diseases. Since cures for ATL and HAM/TSP are lacking and no vaccine is available to prevent HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 transmission, these illnesses impose enormous social and financial costs on infected individuals, their families, and health care systems. For this reason, public health interventions aimed at counseling and educating high-risk individuals and populations are of vital importance. In the Americas this is especially important in the areas of high prevalence.
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Abstract
Epidemiologic aspects of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection have been thoroughly studied over the course of approximately 25 years since its first description. The geographic distribution of the virus has been defined, with Japan, Africa, Caribbean islands and South America emerging as the areas of highest prevalence. The reasons for HTLV-I clustering, such as the high ubiquity in southwestern Japan but low prevalence in neighboring regions of Korea, China and eastern Russia are still unknown. The major modes of transmission are well understood, although better quantitative data on the incidence of transmission, and on promoting/inhibiting factors, are needed. Epidemiologic proof has been obtained for HTLV-I's causative role in major disease associations: adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), HTLV-associated uveitis and infective dermatitis. However, more and better studies are needed for other apparent disease outcomes such as rheumatologic, psychiatric and infectious diseases. Since curative treatment of ATL and HAM/TSP is lacking and a vaccine is unavailable, the social and financial cost for the individual, his/her family and the health system is immense. For this reason, public health interventions aimed at counseling and educating high-risk individuals and populations are of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A Proietti
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30.130-100, Brazil.
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Caiaffa WT, Mingoti SA, Proietti FA, Carneiro-Proietti AB, Silva RC, Lopes ACS, Doneda D. Estimation of the number of injecting drug users attending an outreach syringe-exchange program and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus: the AjUDE-Brasil project. J Urban Health 2003; 80:106-14. [PMID: 12612100 PMCID: PMC3456110 DOI: 10.1093/jurban/jtg106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study estimated the number of street injecting drug user (IDU) clients of a syringe-exchange program (SEP) who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). A two-sample capture-recapture method was carried out. The first capture listed all interviewed IDUs outreached for syringe exchange from April 1 to May 1, 1998; the second capture involved those outreached from May 2 to June 6, 1998. Blood spots were collected for HIV and HCV serologies. Analysis used captured probability model varying with time. We interviewed 55 IDUs in the first capture and 99 in the second; 17 participated in both samples. An estimate of 317 IDUs attending the SEP was obtained (95% confidence interval [CI] 235-467). Based on the overall seroprevalence rates for HIV (47.7%) and HCV (53.1%), it was estimated that 151 IDUs were HIV infected (95% CI 112-223) and 168 (95% CI 125-248) were HCV infected. Enumeration of IDUs associated with estimates of the total number of HIV and HCV seropositives provide a powerful tool for SEPs to help monitor the number of IDUs, to plan for provisions, and to organize the new demands on existing health facilities for HIV and HCV care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais State, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190, Caixa Postal 340, 30.130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Monteiro-De-Castro MS, Assunção RM, Proietti FA. Spatial distribution of the Human T-Lymphotropic Virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) infection among blood donors of Hemominas Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, 1994-1996. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2001; 17:1219-30. [PMID: 11679896 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2001000500022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a cross-sectional study of the spatial distribution of HTLV-I/II infection among blood donors of Hemominas Foundation, living in Belo Horizonte, from 1994 to 1996. Study population (1,022) was composed by 533 cases (positive Western Blot (WB), indeterminate WB and ELISA positive without WB result) and a random sample of 489 non-cases (HTLV-I/II serum negative). Cases and non-cases were georeferenced using the exact or an approximation of the household address reported at the blood donation interview. Using multivariate analysis, cases with WB result are less likely to be reposition blood donors compared to voluntary ones (OR = 0.70; CI 95%: 0.50-0.99). Using the difference between univariate K functions, we found no evidence that cases and non-cases differ in their spatial distribution. We found no evidence that cases with and without WB result differ in the distance between their residence and Hemominas Foundation. No donors without WB result were georeferenced by the exact address. These donors could not have received the Hemominas letter inviting them to return to collect the second blood sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Monteiro-De-Castro
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brasil
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Oliveira CD, Assunção RM, Reis IA, Proietti FA. Spatial distribution of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brasil, 1994-1997. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2001; 17:1231-9. [PMID: 11679897 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2001000500023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present spatial analysis of the association between all incidents cases of human Visceral Leishmaniasis and seropositive dogs, from 1994 to 1997 in Belo Horizonte, a large Brazilian city. We geocoded 158 human cases and 11,048 seropositive dogs and compared canine prevalence rates with Human Bayesian Incidence rates in the same areas. We also used Knox's test to evaluate the hypothesis of space-time clustering of human cases in the period. Additionally, we used Kernel's maps for seropositive dogs distribution and located the human cases in the resulting smooth maps. We concluded that human and dog rates are correlated. Also, the Visceral Leishmaniasis in Belo Horizonte spread quickly, but apart from the rates' magnitude, it has kept the same spatial pattern through time. We believe it is possible to use this technique to choose areas to implement control measures against Visceral Leishmaniasis in a more efficient way.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Oliveira
- Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130-100, Brasil.
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Gomes I, Melo A, Proietti FA, Moreno-Carvalho O, Loures LA, Dazza MC, Said G, Larouzé B, Galvão-Castro B. Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection in neurological patients in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. J Neurol Sci 1999; 165:84-9. [PMID: 10426153 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(99)00083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
HTLV-I infection represents a major health concern in endemic areas throughout the world, such as Salvador, the main city of Bahia State, with socio-demographic characteristics similar to sub-Saharan African cities, located in the Northeast of Brazil. In order to provide an estimate of the frequency distribution, and range of neurological manifestations potentially related to HTLV-I infection in this city, we conducted a cross-sectional clinical-epidemiological study to determine the prevalence of this infection in patients with neurological diseases. Patients exhibiting vascular diseases, tumoral diseases or trauma were excluded. Over a period of 16 months, we studied 322 consecutive patients with chronic neurological diseases, who attended the neurological clinics of two major hospitals in Salvador. Overall, the prevalence of HTLV-I infection among the patients was 20.9% (67/320). However, the prevalence among the 104 patients with chronic myelopathy was 50.0% (52/104). It was observed that the major prevalence of HTLV-I was between the ages of 40 and 60 years with a female predominance. Our data indicate that, in Salvador city, HTLV-I is associated with chronic myelopathies or myeloneuropathies, which seem to be the only neurological diseases associated with HTLV-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gomes
- Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública, CPqGM, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Gonçalves DU, Guedes AC, Carneiro-Proietti AB, Pinheiro SR, Catalan-Soares B, Proietti FA, Lambertucci JR. Simultaneous occurrence of HTLV-I associated myelopathy, uveitis and smouldering adult T cell leukaemia. GIPH (Interdisciplinary HTLV-I/II Research Group). Int J STD AIDS 1999; 10:336-7. [PMID: 10361926 DOI: 10.1258/0956462991914078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D U Gonçalves
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Oliveira JT, Carneiro-Proietti AB, Lima-Martins MV, Martins ML, Proietti FA. Erectile insufficiency as first symptom of HTLV I/II associated myelopathy. Case report. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1998; 56:123-5. [PMID: 9686133 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x1998000100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A case of HTLV-I/II myelopathy in which the initial complaint was erectile insufficiency (EI) is reported. The only abnormalities found on the neurological exam were discrete weakness of the psoas and increased knee jerk reflexes. Diagnosis was made by demonstrating antibodies anti-HTLV I/II in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (with the techniques of ELISA and Western blot), with confirmation by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). EI can thus be the first symptom of HTLV-I/II infection and patients with EI of unknown etiology should be tested for HTLV-I/II in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Oliveira
- Departamento de Neurologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
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Carneiro-Proietti AB, Lima-Martins MV, Passos VM, Carmo RA, Pinheiro SR, Rocha PR, Proietti FA, Ferreira PC, Rocha VG. Presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and T-lymphotropic virus type I and II (HTLV-I/II) in a haemophiliac population in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, and correlation with additional serological results. Haemophilia 1998; 4:47-50. [PMID: 9873865 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2516.1998.00128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) infections in 226 haemophiliac patients treated at Fundação Hemominas in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, and to verify association with other serological results. Patients positive for HTLV-I/II had also a neurological, haematological and ophthalmological evaluation. Fundação Hemominas offers comprehensive care for all haemophiliac patients in Minas Gerais. Thirty-six (15.9%) of the 226 patients showed reactive results to HIV-1 [ELISA, Abbott, USA, confirmed by Western blot (WB), Cambridge Biotech, USA, and/or immunofluorescence, Fiocruz, Brazil] and 16 (7.1%) had reactive sera to HTLV-I/II (ELISA, Ortho). Eleven of these 16 (4.9%) were positive, 3/16 (1.3%) were indeterminate and 2/16 (0.9%) were negative in the HTLV WB (Cambridge Biotech). Neurological, haematological and ophthalmological examination of 9/16 patients revealed no abnormality suggestive of HTLV disease. Of the 16 patients reactive to HTLV-I/II ELISA test, six (37.5%) were also positive to HIV-1 (chi 2 = 5.92; P = 0.01). Seropositivity for HTLV-I/II and HIV-1 was associated with advancing age and positive results for hepatitis C virus (HCV), Chagas' disease (T. cruzi infection) and syphilis. No association between the presence of HTLV with type and severity of haemophilia and hepatitis B results was detected. The prevalence of antibodies against HIV-1 is approximately three times that of HTLV-I/II and a patient positive for HTLV-I/II had a significantly increased risk of being positive for HIV-1, HCV and T. cruzi.
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Pinheiro SR, Carneiro-Proietti AB, Lima-Martins MV, Proietti FA, Pereira AA, Oréfice F. HTLV-I/II seroprevalence in 55 Brazilian patients with idiopathic uveitis. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1996; 29:383-4. [PMID: 8768591 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821996000400014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S R Pinheiro
- Department of Ophtalmology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Fundação Hermominas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Pinheiro SR, Lana-Peixoto MA, Proietti AB, Oréfice F, Lima-Martins MV, Proietti FA. HTLV-I associated uveitis, myelopathy, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1995; 53:777-81. [PMID: 8729772 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x1995000500011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A 62 year-old white female presented with a 10-year-history of slowly progressive spastic paraparesis, pain and dysesthesia in the lower limbs and sphincter disturbance. A few years after the onset of the neurologic symptoms she developped migratory arthritis with swelling of the knees and pain on palpation of knees and fingers, dry eyes, mouth and skin. Two months before admission she presented bilateral nongranulomatous anterior uveitis. Examination revealed spastic paraparesis with bilateral Babinski sign, a decreased sensation level below L3, decreased vibration sense in the lower extremities, and a postural tremor of the upper limbs. Laboratory work-up disclosed HTLV-I positive tests in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and a mild pleocytosis in the CSF with a normal protein content. Nerve conduction velocity studies were normal. The present case shows the association of uveitis, arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome in a patient with tropical spastic paraparesis/human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM), and illustrates the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations which may accompany this infection with this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Pinheiro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School, Rua São Paulo, Brasil
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Proietti FA, Lima-Martins MV, Passos VM, Brener S, Carneiro-Proietti AB. HTLV-I/II seropositivity among eligible blood donors from Minas Gerais State, Brasil. Vox Sang 1994; 67:77. [PMID: 7975458 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1994.tb05043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Amaral CF, Dias MB, Campolina D, Proietti FA, de Rezende NA. Children with adrenergic manifestations of envenomation after Tityus serrulatus scorpion sting are protected from early anaphylactic antivenom reactions. Toxicon 1994; 32:211-5. [PMID: 8153960 DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(94)90110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of early anaphylactic reactions to scorpion antivenom given i.v. after Tityus serrulatus scorpion sting was evaluated in 103 children aged up to 15 years in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Patients without adrenergic manifestations (Group 1, n = 28) were compared with those who presented systemic involvement that included adrenergic manifestations (Group 2, n = 75). Data were recorded on a proforma and the presence or absence of early anaphylactic reaction was cross-tabulated according to clinical features, sex, age and volume of antivenom used in the treatment. Unpaired Student's t-test was used to calculate significance of differences in age and volume of antivenom used. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the effects of clinical features and volume of antivenom as predictors of early anaphylactic reaction to antivenom treatment. Twelve (42.9%) of 28 children included in Group 1 presented early anaphylactic reactions compared with 6 (8%) of 75 children of Group 2 (OR = 8.63; 95% CI: 2.88, 25.7). The reactions were more severe in Group 1. There were no significant differences with respect to age and sex. After adjusting for clinical form, volume of antivenom was not significantly associated with presence of reactions (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 0.70, 2.80 for each 5.0 ml of antivenom administered). The results show that children with adrenergic manifestations after T. serrulatus scorpion sting had significantly lower anaphylactic reactions to antivenom than those without these manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Amaral
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Proietti FA, Paulino UH, Chiari CA, Proietti AB, Antunes CM. Epidemiology of Schistosoma mansoni infection in a low-endemic area in Brazil: clinical and nutritional characteristics. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1992; 34:409-19. [PMID: 1342104 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46651992000500007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional case-control study designed to evaluate the role of malnutrition in the association between the intensity of Schistosoma mansoni infection and clinical schistosomiasis, was conducted in an area with both low frequency of infection and low morbidity of schistosomiasis in Brazil. Cases (256) were patients with a positive stool examination for S. mansoni; their geometrical mean number of eggs/gram of feces was 90. Controls (256) were a random sample of the negative participants paired to the cases by age, sex and length of residence in the area. The clinical signs and symptoms found to be associated with S. mansoni infection, comparing cases and controls, were blood in stools and presence of a palpable liver. A linear trend in the relative odds of these signs and symptoms with increasing levels of infection was detected. Adjusting by the level of egg excretion, the existence of an interaction between palpable liver and ethnic group (white) was suggested. No differences in the nutritional status of infected and non-infected participants were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Proietti
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais State, Brazil
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Proietti FA, Proietti AB, Costa MF, Antunes CM, Guimarães MD, Paulino UH, Souza CJ, Melo L, Muñoz A. Exposure to acellular blood products and risk of HIV infection in hemophiliacs from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1992; 34:227-32. [PMID: 1342075 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46651992000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Results of a HIV prevalence study conducted in hemophiliacs from Belo Horizonte, Brazil are presented. History of exposure to acellular blood components was determined for the five year period prior to entry in the study, which occurred during 1986 and 1987. Patients with coagulations disorders (hemophilia A = 132, hemophilia B = 16 and coagulation disorders other than hemophilia = 16) were transfused with liquid cryoprecipitate, locally produced, lyophilized cryoprecipitate, imported from São Paulo (Brazil) and factor VIII and IX, imported from Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Europe, and United States. Thirty six (22%) tested HIV seropositive. The univariate and multivariate analysis (logistic model) demonstrated that the risk of HIV infection during the study period was associated with the total units of acellular blood components transfused. In addition, the proportional contribution of the individual components to the total acellular units transfused, namely a increase in factor VIII/IX and lyophilized cryoprecipitate proportions, were found to be associated with HIV seropositivity. This analysis suggest that not only the total amount of units was an important determinant of HIV infection, but that the risk was also associated with the specific component of blood transfused.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Proietti
- Dep. Propedêutica Complementar, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Proietti AB, Johnson MJ, Proietti FA, Repke JT, Bell WR. Assessment of fibrin(ogen) degradation products in preeclampsia using immunoblot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and latex-based agglutination. Obstet Gynecol 1991; 77:696-700. [PMID: 2014082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Plasma and serum from pregnant women with preeclampsia (N = 35) and normotensive pregnant (N = 71) and nonpregnant (N = 10) controls were screened for fibrin(ogen) degradation products (fibrinogen and cross-linked fibrin degradation products, and fibrin polymers) using three different assay systems (immunoblot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], and latex-bead agglutination assay). All tests showed statistically significant differences (P less than .05) between the preeclamptic patients and the other two groups (pregnant and nonpregnant women). The ELISA assay for total fibrin(ogen) degradation products was the most sensitive test, but was less specific than D-dimer latex. Eleven of the 35 preeclamptic women developed HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme, and low platelet counts). Positive tests were as common in the 11 preeclamptic women who developed the syndrome as in the 24 who did not. These results suggest that fibrinolytic disorders are secondary pathophysiologic events in the course of preeclampsia, but further studies with a larger number of patients are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Proietti
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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de Lima e Costa MF, Oliveira MR, Oliveira EI, Paulino UH, Greco DB, Chiari CA, Guimaraes MD, Proietti FA, Antunes CM, Muñoz A. Factors associated with AIDS and AIDS-like syndrome among homosexual and bisexual men in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Int J Epidemiol 1990; 19:429-34. [PMID: 2376458 DOI: 10.1093/ije/19.2.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A case-control study to determine factors associated with AIDS and AIDS-like syndrome among homosexual/bisexual men was conducted in the State of Minas Gerais (Brazil). Eighty-three per cent (45 patients) of all AIDS/AIDS-like syndrome cases in homosexual/bisexual men reported in Minas Gerais between February, 1986 and June, 1987 were compared to 133 seronegative controls seen at the same clinic. Blood samples were tested by ELISA and confirmed by Western blot. Sex with men from the USA, sex with someone who developed AIDS, number of male partners (greater than or equal to 100 lifetime), age (greater than or equal to 30 years old) and ethnicity (white) were independently associated with AIDS/AIDS-like syndrome (Odds Ratios = 5.5, 4.3, 3.9, 3.5 and 2.7, respectively). Thirty-nine per cent of cases and 44% of controls reported bisexual activity during the previous two years. From these, a high proportion reported anal intercourse with women in the same period (53% of bisexual cases and 33% of bisexual controls). Bisexual men had more male partners than female partners in the previous two years (median male partners = 20 for cases and five for controls; median female partners = three for both cases and controls). This explains in part why the epidemic has increased more rapidly among men then among women in Minas Gerais, despite the large proportion of bisexuals with the disease.
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Proietti FA, Antunes CM. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of selected clinical signs and symptoms associated with schistosomiasis mansoni. Int J Epidemiol 1989; 18:680-3. [PMID: 2509388 DOI: 10.1093/ije/18.3.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The signs and symptoms classically associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection were analysed in relation to their sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value in identifying S. mansoni patients as well as more severe forms of the disease under field conditions. Data was collected in a survey conducted in a small urban area in the south east of Brazil (14.3% infection in the studied sample with a geometrical mean excretion of 95.5 S. mansoni eggs/gram of faeces). 'Blood in the stool' and a 'palpable and hardened liver' showed the highest positive predictive value; their presence, even in relatively low prevalence areas may be used by the health field workers as an indication of the existence of more advanced clinical forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Proietti
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais State, Brazil
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Guerra HL, Costa MF, Paulino UH, Proietti FA, Antunes CM, Guimarães MD. Absence of cross-reactivity between dengue and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1988; 21:155. [PMID: 3254570 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821988000300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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de Lima e Costa MF, Proietti FA, Paulino UH, Antunes CM, Guimarães MD, Rocha RS, Katz N. Absence of cross-reactivity between Schistosoma mansoni infection and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1988; 82:262. [PMID: 3142117 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(88)90441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M F de Lima e Costa
- Grupo Interdepartamental de Pesquisas em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, M.G., Brazil
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de Lima e Costa MF, Proietti FA, Paulino UH, Silva EA, Lasmar EP, Antunes CM, Guimarães MD, Greco DB. Human immunodeficiency virus infection in selected hemodialysis patients in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1987; 20:225-6. [PMID: 3507746 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821987000400009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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