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Maruyama D, Omi A, Nomura F, Touma T, Noguchi Y, Takebe K, Izutsu K. Real-world effectiveness and safety of ibrutinib in relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma in Japan: post-marketing surveillance. Int J Hematol 2024; 119:146-155. [PMID: 38195971 PMCID: PMC10830708 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Efficacy and safety data for ibrutinib in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) were limited at the time of its approval in Japan. All-case post-marketing surveillance was conducted in Japanese R/R MCL patients who began ibrutinib treatment between December 2016 and December 2017, and patients were followed until 30 June 2020. In the effectiveness analysis set (n = 202), the overall response rate was 59.9%, 52-week progression-free survival was 47.5%, and overall survival was 69.3%. Safety was assessed in 248 patients (median age 74.0 years). When ibrutinib treatment was started, patients had received a median of three prior lines of therapy. The overall incidence of adverse events (AE) was 74.6%, and AE frequency and severity grade distribution were similar between patients with 1 versus more than 1 prior line of therapy. The most common AE was platelet count decreased (all grades; 10.4%), similarly to previous observations in patients with R/R chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Five patients (2.0%) developed atrial fibrillation. The effectiveness and safety of ibrutinib were consistent with its known profile at approval in Japan. These results suggest that ibrutinib is effective and safe in Japanese R/R MCL patients in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Maruyama
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Omi
- Medical Affairs Division, Janssen Pharmaceuticals K.K., 3-5-2 Nishi-kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0065, Japan.
| | - Fumi Nomura
- Japan Safety and Surveillance Division, Janssen Pharmaceuticals K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tokiko Touma
- Statistics and Decision Sciences Japan, Janssen Pharmaceuticals K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Noguchi
- Japan Safety and Surveillance Division, Janssen Pharmaceuticals K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Takebe
- Japan Safety and Surveillance Division, Janssen Pharmaceuticals K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Izutsu
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Omi A, Nomura F, Tsujioka S, Fujino A, Akizuki R. Efficacy and safety of ibrutinib in relapsed/refractory CLL and SLL in Japan: a post-marketing surveillance. J Clin Exp Hematop 2022; 62:136-146. [PMID: 35831100 PMCID: PMC9635026 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.22002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ibrutinib is approved in Japan for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) based on the results of global and domestic clinical studies. Following approval, we conducted an all-case post-marketing surveillance in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory CLL/SLL newly initiated on ibrutinib treatment between May 2016−September 2017. Of the 323 patients enrolled, the safety and efficacy analysis sets comprised 289 and 205 patients, respectively. The overall response rate with ibrutinib treatment was 64.4%, and the estimated 52-week progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 71.7 and 79.1%, respectively. No significant difference in the PFS rate was observed among patients with and without del(17p) (P = 0.160); however, PFS was significantly longer in patients who received 1 prior line of therapy versus >1 prior lines of therapy (P = 0.007). Adverse events occurred in 74.0% of patients, and typically occurred early (≤12 weeks) after ibrutinib initiation, followed by a decline in incidence thereafter. The overall rates of infection, bleeding, and arrhythmia were 22.5, 12.8, and 4.8%, respectively. Grade ≥3 bleeding events and atrial fibrillation occurred in 2.4% of patients each. The efficacy and safety profile of ibrutinib treatment in routine clinical practice was consistent with clinical trials and previously reported domestic data. UMIN-CTR Clinical Trials Register ID: UMIN000021963.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Omi
- Medical Affairs Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumi Nomura
- Safety and Surveillance Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Tsujioka
- Safety and Surveillance Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Fujino
- Safety and Surveillance Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Akizuki
- Medical Affairs Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Understanding how community compositions are affected by environmental and spatial factors are essential to provide knowledge about the distributions of species. Furthermore, these factors can play a role in species morphological variation. Tadpoles can be found in different types of aquatic microhabitats, showing a considerable amount of morphological diversity. We hypothesized that tadpole morphological diversity is controlled by ecological and spatial factors other than assemblage attributes, and that tadpole assemblage composition is affected by spatial factors. To test these hypotheses, we recorded the abundance of tadpoles from different ponds, identified eight environmental variables that represented local and landscape descriptors of the ponds, recorded the spatial coordinates of the ponds, and measured the morphological variation of assemblages. Spatial factors significantly affected the composition of tadpole assemblages, while both spatial and environmental factors affected morphological variation. The ability of tadpoles to alter their morphology in response to environmental factors might be a result of poor oviposition site choice, and this probably interacts with spatial factors to control the assemblage composition of tadpoles. Morphological variation is advantageous for tadpoles because it allows them to adjust their morphology to environmental conditions. This study has demonstrated how factors that control the assemblage composition of tadpoles also drive their morphological diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.C.S. Marques
- Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiâia, Goiás 74001-970, Brazil
| | - F. Nomura
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rodovia Nerópolis-Goiânia Km5 Campus II, Samambaia CP 131, Goiânia, Goiás, 74001-970, Brazil
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Goto Y, Takahashi K, Saito H, Ogasawara T, Shindoh J, Kimura T, Sugino Y, Kojima E, Nomura F, Nakanishi T, Nozaki Y, Takeyama Y, Imaizumi K, Hasegawa Y. P1.01-25 Carboplatin and Pemetrexed Plus Bevacizumab After Failure of First-Line EGFR-TKI Therapy for NSCLC Harboring EGFR Mutation (CJLSG 0908). J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Beppu M, Sawai S, Utsuno E, Ishige T, Itoga S, Isose S, Arai K, Suzuki Y, Kikkawa Y, Uchigaki Y, Nishimura M, Nomura F, Matsushita K, Ichikawa T, Tanaka T, Kuwabara S. Two cases of spinocerebellar ataxia with combined deleterious mutations of two different genes. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kobayashi S, Hamazaki T, Onishi K, Nomura F. Blood viscosity in fatty liver patients with obesity. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1986-6614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Kobayashi
- Pharmaceutical Dept., Chiba university Hospital, Inohana, Chiba City 280, Japan
| | - T. Hamazaki
- 1st Dept. of Internal Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama City 930-01, Japan
| | - K. Onishi
- 1st Dept. of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chiba university, Inohana, Chiba City 280, Japan
| | - F. Nomura
- 1st Dept. of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chiba university, Inohana, Chiba City 280, Japan
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Misawa S, Sato Y, Katayama K, Hanaoka H, Sawai S, Beppu M, Nomura F, Shibuya K, Sekiguchi Y, Iwai Y, Watanabe K, Amino H, Ohwada C, Takeuchi M, Sakaida E, Nakaseko C, Kuwabara S. Vascular endothelial growth factor as a predictive marker for POEMS syndrome treatment response: retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e009157. [PMID: 26560063 PMCID: PMC4654348 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein and skin changes) syndrome is a rare multisystem disease characterised by plasma cell dyscrasia and overproduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF is assumed to be useful in monitoring disease activity, because VEGF levels usually decrease after treatment. However, there is no study to investigate whether the extent of decrease in VEGF correlates with clinical outcome. We tested the predictive efficacy of serum VEGF levels in POEMS syndrome. METHOD This was an institutional review board approved retrospective observational cohort study of 20 patients with POEMS monitored regularly for more than 12 months (median follow-up, 87 months) after treatment onset using our prospectively accumulated database of POEMS from 1999 to 2015. Patients were treated by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation or thalidomide administration. Serum VEGF was measured by ELISA. Outcome measures included clinical and laboratory findings and relapse-free survival. RESULTS Serum VEGF levels decreased rapidly after treatment, and stabilised by 6 months post treatment. Patients with normalised serum VEGF levels (<1040 pg/mL) at 6 months showed prolonged relapse-free survival (HR=12.81, 95% CI 2.691 to 90.96; p=0.0001) and greater later clinical improvement. The rate of serum VEGF reduction over the first 6 months post treatment correlated with increased grip strength, serum albumin levels, and compound muscle action potential amplitudes at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Serum VEGF level at 6 months post treatment is a predicative biomarker for disease activity and prognosis in POEMS syndrome. Serum VEGF could be used as a surrogate endpoint for relapse-free survival or clinical or laboratory improvement of POEMS syndrome for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Misawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Sato
- Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Katayama
- Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Hanaoka
- Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Sawai
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Beppu
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - F Nomura
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Shibuya
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Sekiguchi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Iwai
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Amino
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - C Ohwada
- Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Takeuchi
- Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - E Sakaida
- Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - C Nakaseko
- Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Kuwabara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Gonçalves MW, Vieira TB, Maciel NM, Carvalho WF, Lima LSF, Gambale PG, da Cruz AD, Nomura F, Bastos RP, Silva DM. Detecting genomic damages in the frog Dendropsophus minutus: preserved versus perturbed areas. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:3947-3954. [PMID: 25300186 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to use the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis) and micronucleus test to assess the extent of genomic damage in the whole blood of Dendropsophus minutus from agroecosystems with great use of agrochemicals and to compare the results to those obtained from animals living in unpolluted areas. Our results indicated that specimens of D. minutus collected in perturbed areas exhibited higher amounts of DNA damage in blood cells in comparison to animals from areas free of agricultural activities. The average and standard deviation of all comet assay parameters (tail length, percentage of DNA in the tail, and olive tail moment) and micronuclei frequency were significantly higher in specimens collected in perturbed areas than in the animals from preserved areas. Our study showed that animals from perturbed areas, such as agroecosystems, tend to have higher amounts of DNA damage than animals from reference areas. Moreover, we can conclude that D. minutus tadpoles could be included as a model organism in biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Tanaka N, Araki K, Mizokami D, Miyagawa Y, Yamashita T, Tomifuji M, Ueda Y, Inoue M, Matsushita K, Nomura F, Shimada H, Shiotani A. Sendai virus-mediated gene transfer of the c-myc suppressor far-upstream element-binding protein-interacting repressor suppresses head and neck cancer. Gene Ther 2015; 22:297-304. [PMID: 25588744 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2014.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Far-upstream element-binding protein-interacting repressor (FIR) is a transcription factor that inhibits c-Myc expression and has been shown to have antitumor effects in some malignancies. Here, we evaluated the antitumor effects of FIR using fusion gene-deleted Sendai virus (SeV/ΔF) as a nontransmissible vector against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Using in vitro and in vivo xenograft mouse models, we observed efficient expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) following transduction with the SeV/ΔF vector encoding GFP (GFP-SeV/ΔF) into HNSCC cells. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that administration of the FIR-encoded SeV/ΔF (FIR-SeV/ΔF) vector exerted significant antitumor effects, suppressed c-Myc expression and induced apoptosis in HNSCC. Additionally, the antitumor effects of FIR or the expression of GFP following administration of the FIR- or GFP-SeV/ΔF vector, respectively, were dependent on the multiplicity of infection or titer. Furthermore, the SeV/ΔF vector itself had no cytotoxic effects. Therefore, the SeV/ΔF vector may be safe and useful for the treatment of HNSCC, allowing for high-titer SeV/ΔF vector administration for anticancer gene therapy. In addition, SeV/ΔF vector-mediated FIR gene therapy demonstrated effective tumor suppression in HNSCC, suggesting that this therapy may have the potential for clinical use as a novel strategy for HNSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tanaka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Araki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - D Mizokami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Miyagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Yamashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Tomifuji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Ueda
- Department of Gene Medicine, DNAVEC Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Inoue
- Department of Gene Medicine, DNAVEC Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Matsushita
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis and Division of Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - F Nomura
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis and Division of Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Shiotani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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Kovacs A, Assabiny A, Lakatos B, Apor A, Nagy A, Kutyifa V, Merkely B, Ulbrich S, Sveric K, Rady M, Strasser R, Ebner B, Lervik Nilsen LC, Brekke B, Missant C, Ortega A, Haemers P, Tong L, Sutherland G, D'hooge J, Stoylen A, Gurzun MM, Ionescu A, Santoro A, Federico Alvino F, Carlo Gaetano Sassi C, Giovanni Antonelli G, Sergio Mondillo S, Chumarnaya T, Alueva Y, Kochmasheva V, Mikhailov S, Ostern O, Solovyova O, Revishvili A, Markhasin V, Rodriguez Munoz D, Carbonell Sanroman A, Moya Mur J, Fernandez Santos S, Lazaro Rivera C, Valverde Gomez M, Casas Rojo E, Garcia Martin A, Fernandez-Golfin C, Zamorano Gomez J, Kanda T, Fujita M, Masuda M, Iida O, Okamoto S, Ishihara T, Nanto K, Shiraki T, Takahara M, Uematsu M, Kolesnyk MY, Victor K, Lux D, Carr-White G, Barrett N, Glover G, Langrish C, Meadows C, Ioannou N, Castaldi B, Vida V, Argiolas A, Maschietto N, Cerutti A, Biffanti R, Reffo E, Padalino M, Stellin G, Milanesi O, Simova I, Katova T, Galderisi M, Lalov I, Onciul S, Alexandrescu A, Petre I, Zamfir D, Onut R, Tautu O, Dorobantu M, Caldas A, Ladeia A, D'almeida J, Guimaraes A, Ball C, Abdelmoneim Mohamed S, Huang R, Zysek V, Mantovani F, Scott C, Mccully R, Mulvagh S, Lee JH, Cho G, Mihaila S, Muraru D, Aruta P, Piasentini E, Cavalli G, Ucci L, Peluso D, Vinereanu D, Iliceto S, Badano L, Ozawa K, Funabashi N, Takaoka H, Kamata T, Nomura F, Kobayashi Y, Ovsianas J, Valuckiene Z, Mizariene V, Jurkevicius R, Reskovic Luksic V, Dosen D, Cekovic S, Separovic Hanzevacki J, Simova I, Katova T, Santoro C, Galderisi M, Kalcik M, Cakal B, Gursoy M, Astarcioglu M, Yesin M, Gunduz S, Karakoyun S, Cersit S, Toprak C, Ozkan M. Club 35 Poster session 3: Friday 5 December 2014, 08:30-18:00 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kazami T, Nie H, Satoh M, Kuga T, Matsushita K, Kawasaki N, Tomonaga T, Nomura F. Nuclear accumulation of annexin A2 contributes to chromosomal instability by coilin-mediated centromere damage. Oncogene 2014; 34:4177-89. [PMID: 25347736 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Most human cancers show chromosomal instability (CIN), but the precise mechanisms remain uncertain. Annexin A2 is frequently overexpressed in human cancers, and its relationship to tumorigenesis is poorly understood. We found that annexin A2 is overexpressed in the nuclei of CIN cells compared with cells with microsatellite instability (MIN). Ectopic annexin A2 expression in MIN cells results in a high level of aneuploidy and induces lagging chromosomes; suppression of annexin A2 in CIN cells reduces such CIN signatures with apoptosis of highly aneuploid cells. Ectopic expression of annexin A2 in MIN cells reduces the expression of centromere proteins. Conversely, annexin A2-knockdown in CIN cells increases the expression of centromere proteins. Moreover, the endogenous expression levels of centromere proteins in CIN cells were greatly reduced compared with MIN cell lines. The reduced expression of centromere proteins likely occurred due to aberrant centromere localization of coilin, a major component of the Cajal bodies. These results suggest that nuclear accumulation of annexin A2 has a crucial role in CIN by disrupting centromere function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kazami
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Nie
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Satoh
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Kuga
- Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Matsushita
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Kawasaki
- 1] Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Tomonaga
- 1] Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan [2] Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan
| | - F Nomura
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Nomura F, Suzuki M, Adachi A, Ohkawa Y, Sugiki K, Kazui T, Ohno T. 180-I * RESECT OR RESPECT STRATEGY OF MITRAL ANNULAR CALCIFICATION FOR PATIENTS WITH MITRAL REGURGITATION OR STENOSIS. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu276.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sousa VTT, Nomura F, Venesky MD, Rossa‐Feres DC, Pezzuti TL, Andrade GV, Wassersug RJ. Flexible feeding kinematics of a tropical carnivorous anuran tadpole. J Zool (1987) 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. T. T. Sousa
- PPG Ecologia e Evolução Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia GO Brasil
| | - F. Nomura
- Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia GO Brasil
| | - M. D. Venesky
- Department of Biology Allegheny College Meadville PA USA
| | - D. C. Rossa‐Feres
- Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica Universidade Estadual Paulista São José do Rio Preto SP Brasil
| | - T. L. Pezzuti
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - G. V. Andrade
- Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal do Maranhão São Luis MA Brasil
| | - R. J. Wassersug
- Department of Medical Neuroscience Dalhousie University Halifax NS Canada
- Department of Urologic Sciences Gordon & Leslie Diamond Care Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
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Kuga T, Nie H, Kazami T, Satoh M, Matsushita K, Nomura F, Maeshima K, Nakayama Y, Tomonaga T. Lamin B2 prevents chromosome instability by ensuring proper mitotic chromosome segregation. Oncogenesis 2014; 3:e94. [PMID: 24637494 PMCID: PMC4038388 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2014.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of human cancer shows chromosomal instability (CIN). Although the precise mechanism remains largely uncertain, proper progression of mitosis is crucial. B-type lamins were suggested to be components of the spindle matrix of mitotic cells and to be involved in mitotic spindle assembly; thus, B-type lamins may contribute to the maintenance of chromosome integrity. Here, using a proteomic approach, we identified lamin B2 as a novel protein involved in CIN. Lamin B2 expression decreased in colorectal cancer cell lines exhibiting CIN, as compared with colorectal cancer cell lines exhibiting microsatellite instability (MIN), which is mutually exclusive to CIN. Importantly, lamin B2 knockdown in MIN-type colorectal cancer cells induced CIN phenotypes such as aneuploidy, chromosome mis-segregation and aberrant spindle assembly, whereas ectopic expression of lamin B2 in CIN-type colorectal cancer cells prevented their CIN phenotypes. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis showed a lower expression of lamin B2 in cancer tissues extracted from patients with sporadic colorectal cancer (CIN-type) than that from patients with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC; MIN type). Intriguingly, mitotic lamin B2 in MIN cancer cells was localized outside the spindle poles and mitotic lamin B2 localization was diminished in CIN cancer cells, suggesting an important role of lamin B2 in proper mitotic spindle formation. The obtained results suggest that lamin B2 maintains chromosome integrity by ensuring proper spindle assembly and that its downregulation causes CIN in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kuga
- 1] Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan [3] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Nie
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Kazami
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Satoh
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Matsushita
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - F Nomura
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Maeshima
- Biological Macromolecules Laboratory, Structural Biology Center, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Y Nakayama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Tomonaga
- 1] Laboratory of Proteome Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan [2] Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Toyotome T, Satoh M, Yahiro M, Watanabe A, Nomura F, Kamei K. Glucoamylase is a major allergen ofSchizophyllum commune. Clin Exp Allergy 2014; 44:450-7. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Toyotome
- Division of Clinical Research; Medical Mycology Research Center; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Research Center for Animal Hygiene and Food Safety; Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido Japan
| | - M. Satoh
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - M. Yahiro
- Division of Clinical Research; Medical Mycology Research Center; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - A. Watanabe
- Division of Clinical Research; Medical Mycology Research Center; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Division of Control and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - F. Nomura
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - K. Kamei
- Division of Clinical Research; Medical Mycology Research Center; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Division of Control and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
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16
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Nomura F, De Marco P, Carvalho A, Rossa-Feres DC. Does background colouration affect the behaviour of tadpoles? An experimental approach with an odonate predator. ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2012.742465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Nomura F, Honda M, Takeda S, Inaba T, Takiguchi K, Itoh TJ, Ishijima A, Umeda T, Hotani H. Morphological and topological transformation of membrane vesicles. J Biol Phys 2013; 28:225-35. [PMID: 23345771 DOI: 10.1023/a:1019971429702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are micro-compartments made of lipid bilayer membranes withcharacteristics quite similar to those of biological membranes. To formartificial cell-like structures, we generated liposomes that containedsubunit proteins of cytoskeletons: tubulin or actin. Spherical liposomeswere transformed into bipolar or cell-like shapes by mechanical forcesgenerated by the polymerization of encapsulated subunits of microtubules.Disk- or dumbbell-shaped liposomes were developed by the polymerizationof encapsulated actin. Dynamic processes of morphological transformationsof liposomes were visualized by high intensity dark-field lightmicroscopy.Topological changes, such as fusion and division of membrane vesicles,play an essential role in cellular activities. To investigate themechanism of these processes, we visualized in real time the liposomesundergoing topological transformation. A variety of novel topologicaltransformations were found, including the opening-up of liposomes and thedirect expulsion of inner vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602
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18
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Kato H, Kawada K, Honda K, Nomura F. Evaluation of the Efficacy of Doxorubicin against Gastrointestinal Cancer. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)32505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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19
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Kushihara H, Kawada K, Kushihara T, Hamajima N, Amano M, Ooji K, Honda K, Nomura F, Ikeda Y, Mori K. Survey of Outpatient Cancer Chemotherapy: Occurrence of Side Effects and Reasons for Discontinuation or Delay. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)34159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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20
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Nomura F, Rossa-Feres D. The frogDermatonotus muelleri(Boettger 1885) (Anura Microhylidae) shifts its search tactics in response to two different prey distributions. ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2011.573810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Kawada K, Hamajima N, Amano M, Ueda J, Oji K, Maeda M, Kushihara T, Mukoyama N, Kushihara H, Ikeda Y, Nomura F. Chemotherapeutic safety management system (CSMS) for the safe use of cancer chemotherapy (CTx). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e19719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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22
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Nomura F, do Prado VHM, da Silva FR, Borges RE, Dias NYN, Rossa‐Feres DDC. Are you experienced? Predator type and predator experience trade‐offs in relation to tadpole mortality rates. J Zool (1987) 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00791.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Nomura
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - V. H. M. do Prado
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - F. R. da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - R. E. Borges
- Universidade de Rio Verde, FESURV, Fazenda Fontes do Saber, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - N. Y. N. Dias
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Vertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Musei Nacional, Quinta da Boa Vista, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Takano S, Sogawa K, Yoshitomi H, Shida T, Mogushi K, Kimura F, Shimizu H, Yoshidome H, Ohtsuka M, Kato A, Ishihara T, Tanaka H, Yokosuka O, Nomura F, Miyazaki M. Increased circulating cell signalling phosphoproteins in sera are useful for the detection of pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2010; 103:223-31. [PMID: 20551957 PMCID: PMC2906731 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracellular phosphoprotein activation significantly regulates cancer progression. However, the significance of circulating phosphoproteins in the blood remains unknown. We investigated the serum phosphoprotein profile involved in pancreatic cancer (PaCa) by a novel approach that comprehensively measured serum phosphoproteins levels, and clinically applied this method to the detection of PaCa. METHODS We analysed the serum phosphoproteins that comprised cancer cellular signal pathways by comparing sera from PaCa patients and benign controls including healthy volunteers (HVs) and pancreatitis patients. RESULTS Hierarchical clustering analysis between PaCa patients and HVs revealed differential pathway-specific profiles. In particular, the components of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling pathway were significantly increased in the sera of PaCa patients compared with HVs. The positive rate of p-ERK1/2 (82%) was found to be superior to that of CA19-9 (53%) for early stage PaCa. For the combination of these serum levels, the area under the receiver-operator characteristics curves was showing significant ability to distinguish between the two populations in independent validation set, and between cancer and non-cancer populations in another validation set. CONCLUSION The comprehensive measurement of serum cell signal phosphoproteins is useful for the detection of PaCa. Further investigations will lead to the implementation of tailor-made molecular-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Takano
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
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24
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Sunaga M, Tomonaga T, Yoshikawa M, Ebara M, Shimada H, Saisho H, Nomura F. Gene expression of 5-fluorouracil metabolic enzymes in hepatocellular carcinoma and non-tumor tissue. J Chemother 2008; 19:709-15. [PMID: 18230555 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2007.19.6.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a basic agent used in chemotherapy. The aim of this study is to investigate the gene expression of 5-FU anabolic and catabolic enzymes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-tumor tissue, respectively to increase our knowledge of resistant mechanisms to 5-FU in HCC. The relative mRNA level of orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT), ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and target enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS), were analyzed in 30 matched samples of HCC (T) and non-tumor tissue (NT) using quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of OPRT, RNR-M1, RNR-M2 and TS is significantly higher in T compared with in NT (1.3-fold increase, 1.6-fold, 7.1-fold, 1.9-fold, respectively), but that of DPD showed no difference between T and NT. Our results show that HCC should not be treated with 5-FU alone because of its instability in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sunaga
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Chiba University, Japan.
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Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) has been recognized as a hallmark of human cancer and is caused by continuous chromosome missegregation during mitosis. Proper chromosome segregation requires a physical connection between spindle microtubules and centromeric DNA and this attachment occurs at proteinaceous structures called kinetochore. Thus, defect in kinetochore function is a candidate source for CIN and the generation of aneuploidy. Recently, a number of kinetochore components have been shown to be mutated and/or aberrantly expressed in human cancers, which suggests an important role of kinetochore for CIN and carcinogenesis. In this article, we will discuss about how kinetochore dysfunction causes CIN and might lead to the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tomonaga
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis (F8), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.
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26
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Horii T, Isomura T, Nomura F, Suma H. Long-term result of left ventricular restoration surgery for idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy to treat end-stage heart failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2004.11.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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27
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Kanda T, Yokosuka O, Imazeki F, Tanaka M, Shino Y, Shimada H, Tomonaga T, Nomura F, Nagao K, Ochiai T, Saisho H. Inhibition of subgenomic hepatitis C virus RNA in Huh-7 cells: ribavirin induces mutagenesis in HCV RNA. J Viral Hepat 2004; 11:479-87. [PMID: 15500548 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2004.00531.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major problem throughout the world. Combination therapy of interferon (IFN) and ribavirin is the best treatment for eradication at present, but the mechanism is not completely understood. We used the HCV replicon system to investigate this mechanism. The effects of six drugs (UDCA, glycyrrhizin, TJ-9, bezafibrate, ribavirin, and alpha-IFN 2b) on HCV subgenomic RNA (genotype 1b, NS5B 415Y) were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, cloning and sequencing. The HCV replication was inhibited by alpha-IFN 2b (7.39-13.2% at 10 U/mL, 3.29-6.12% at 100 U/mL, 1.3-4.86% at 1000 U/mL) and by ribavirin (4.36-13.9% at 100 microg/mL), but not by the other drugs at 24-72 h after treatment. Furthermore, the combination treatment was superior to IFN monotherapy and to ribavirin monotherapy at 72 h post-treatment. Sequence analyses of the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR)-binding domain and flanking regions within the HCV NS5A region revealed that the total numbers of substitutions caused by ribavirin (n = 36) or combination treatment (n = 57) were more than those of IFN alone (n = 5) and controls (n = 6). The HCV replicon system is the most efficient system for HCV replication and is an excellent choice for testing anti-HCV drugs and disinfectants. Our results further suggested that the combination of alpha-IFN 2b and ribavirin might induce mutations, and inhibit HCV RNA synthesis in hepatocytes to a greater extent than ribavirin monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kanda
- Health Sciences Center, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan.
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28
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Nomura F, Tamura K, Yoshitatsu M, Katayama A, Katayama K, Ihara K. Changes in coagulation condition, cytokine, adhesion molecule after repair of type A aortic dissection. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2004; 26:348-50. [PMID: 15296895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2004.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2004] [Revised: 04/30/2004] [Accepted: 05/03/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because residual dissection often exists even after the repair of a type A dissection, we evaluated coagulation conditions, cytokine levels, and adhesion molecule levels in mid-term follow up after repair of type A dissections. METHODS Thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), D-dimer, soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1, and type III procollagen peptide (PIIIP) were measured in 12 patients (mean age=63 years) following the repair of a type A aortic dissection at 6-82 months after repair (median=33 months). RESULTS In the chronic phase, TAT and D-dimer were significantly higher in patients following the repair of a type A dissection compared to healthy controls (TAT; 12+/-8 vs. 2.5+/-1.2 ng/ml, P = 0.0001, D-dimer; 779+/-1384 vs. 104+/-46 U/ml, P = 0.0001). Cytokine was significantly higher in the affected patients (sIL-2R; 556+/-205 vs. 398+/-132 U/ml, P = 0.003, sICAM-1; 255+/-131 vs. 211+/-48 ng/ml, P = 0.136). Collagen turnover (PIIIP) showed a significantly higher value in the affected patients (0.80+/-0.32, vs. 0.58+/-0.13 U/ml, P = 0.002). sIL-2R, sICAM-1 and PIIIP showed a negative correlation with the follow-up period (sIL-2R; r = -0.733, P = 0.0067, sICAM-1; r = -0.61, P = 0.035, PIIIP; r = -0.692, P = 0.0126). We found a positive correlation between aortic size and TAT (r = 0.644, P = 0.0238, n = 12) as well as with D-dimer (r = -0.7831, P = 0.0106, n = 12) and TAT showed significantly higher values in the residual dissection group compared to those without residual dissection (16.6+/-7.9 vs. 7.45+/-4.75 ng/ml, P = 0.035). CONCLUSION Hypercoagulation conditions continued even after repair. Both TAT and D-dimer would be good indices for following up patients having repaired aortic dissections. Furthermore, cytokine, adhesion molecules, and collagen turnover would return to a stable state unless impairment and expansion of the vessel wall occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Cardiovascular Surgery, National Hospital Kure Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan.
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29
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Hotani H, Inaba T, Nomura F, Takeda S, Takiguchi K, Itoh TJ, Umeda T, Ishijima A. Mechanical analyses of morphological and topological transformation of liposomes. Biosystems 2003; 71:93-100. [PMID: 14568210 DOI: 10.1016/s0303-2647(03)00113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are micro-compartments made of lipid bilayer membranes possessing the characteristics quite similar to those of biological membranes. To form artificial cell-like structures, we made liposomes that contained subunit proteins of cytoskeletons: tubulin or actin. Spherical liposomes were transformed into bipolar or cell-like shapes by mechanical forces generated by the polymerization of encapsulated subunits of microtubules. On the other hand, disk- or dumbbell-shaped liposomes were developed by the polymerization of encapsulated actin. Dynamic processes of morphological transformations of liposomes were visualized by high intensity dark-field light microscopy. Topological changes, such as fusion and division of membrane vesicles, play an essential role in cellular activities. To investigate the mechanism of these processes, we visualized the liposomes undergoing topological transformation in real time. A variety of novel topological transformations were found, including the opening-up of liposomes and the direct expulsion of inner vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hotani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
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30
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He C, Nomura F, Itoga S, Isobe K, Nakai T. Prevalence of vaccine-induced escape mutants of hepatitis B virus in the adult population in China: a prospective study in 176 restaurant employees. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16:1373-7. [PMID: 11851835 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02654.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants with mutations in the S gene would pose a substantial risk to the community as current HBV vaccines are not effective in preventing infection with them. The majority of such vaccine escape mutants so far reported have been found while studying vertical transmission of HBV; the vaccine failure rate in connection with vaccine escape mutants in adults is not clear at the moment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of immunization against HBV in the adult population by analysis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect HBV-DNA, and also to elucidate the type of mutation encountered in vaccine failure cases. METHOD A total of 176 adult restaurant employees in China, who had been vaccinated according to the food epidemic law, were enrolled in a standard vaccination program. Their serum HBV-DNA was determined before and 1 year after the completion of the vaccination program. In those infected with HBV, despite having received the HBV vaccine, direct sequencing within the S gene of the amplified samples was conducted. RESULTS Although only two cases were found to be hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive 1 year after the completion of the vaccination program, six subjects (3.4%) were found to be HBV-DNA positive assessed by a nested PCR. Four out of these six cases had a point mutation within the 'a' determinant; they were Gly-145-Ala, and Ile/Thr-126-Asn/Ser. CONCLUSION The HBV vaccine failure rate assessed by using PCR analysis was 3.4% (six of 176) in the Chinese adult population undergoing the HBV vaccination program. Hepatitis B virus variants with missense mutation within the 'a' determinant were responsible in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C He
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tsukuba University, Ibaraki, Japan
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Abstract
We describe a rare case of cyanosis following the Fontan operation secondary to right-to-left shunting through a pulmonary vein connected to both the left atrium and the hepatic veins. This is a hazardous anomaly in a Fontan candidate and should be considered in those with unexpected postoperative desaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Cardiothoracic Surgical Unit, Green Lane Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Nomura F. [New clinical laboratory tests for digestive system diseases]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2001; 90:2213-8. [PMID: 11769518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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Nomura J, Arase Y, Sugaya S, Moriya T, Chen Z, Takahashi S, Kita K, Kikuno K, Nomura F, Suzuki N. Modification of urinary secretion of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and serum ACTH concentration following repetitive parabolic flights. J Gravit Physiol 2001; 8:P125-6. [PMID: 12650199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
It is important to clarify the molecular mechanisms of physiological responses of the human body to changes in gravity. Previous reports demonstrated that gravity-changing stress increases the human urinary concentration of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). However, it has yet to be clarified whether repetitive parabolic flight modulates the urinary concentration of 8-OHdG after exposure to gravity-changing stress. In the present study, the effects of the number of previous experiences with parabolic flight on urinary excretion of 8-OHdG and concentration of serum ACTH were examined in 12 healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nomura
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly-adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation is involved in a variety of biological processes, which include DNA repair, malignant transformation, and apoptosis. It is of interest how this reaction is altered after long-term alcohol intake. Therefore, we determined long-term alcohol effects on hepatic poly-ADP-ribosylation in the rat. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley(R) rats (four pairs) were pair-fed a nutritionally adequate liquid diet that contained ethanol as 36% of total energy and an isocaloric control diets for 4 weeks. Liver tissue homogenates and nuclear fractions were subjected to ADP-ribosylation with [32P]nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. The ADP-ribosylated proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE, followed by autoradiography. Expression of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) also was evaluated by Western blotting. RESULTS Incubation of rat liver homogenates in ADP-ribosylation reaction mixture resulted in a radiolabeling of a 116 kDa protein, most likely auto-ribosylation of PARP. This poly-ADP-ribosylation was increased significantly (p < 0.025) after long-term alcohol intake. This alcohol effect was reproducible in nuclear fractions as well. Expression levels of PARP, however, were comparable between alcohol-fed rats and their pair-fed controls. CONCLUSION Poly-ADP-ribosylation, an important posttranslational modification of nuclear proteins, was increased significantly after chronic alcohol consumption in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, Chiba University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
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35
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, a restriction fragment length polymorphism in the regulatory region of the CYP2E1 gene was identified. It has been suggested that the polymorphism is associated with the elevated activity of the cytochrome P-450 2E1 (CYP2E1) enzyme in obese or alcoholic subjects. However, significance of the polymorphism in connection with alcoholism has not been studied. In the present study, we have characterized these repeated sequences in the 5'-untranslated region of the CYP2E1 gene in Japanese subjects and North American white subjects and investigated whether these polymorphisms are associated with drinking habits and alcoholism. METHODS DNAs were isolated from blood samples of 192 Japanese nonalcoholics and 202 alcoholics as well as 125 North American white nonalcoholics. DNA samples were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subjected to a fluorescent-based single-strand conformational change polymorphism analysis, DNA fragment analysis, and polymerase chain reaction-direct sequencing. RESULTS Four alleles (A1-A4) were found, which were differentiated by the six subunits (L1, L2, L3, L4, S1, S2) based on the size difference and nucleotide replacement. A2 and A4 alleles were observed in the two ethnic groups (A2: Japanese subjects, 0.752; white subjects, 0.976; A4: Japanese subjects, 0.227; white subjects, 0.016). However, A1 allele was found only in North American white subjects (0.008), and A3 allele was detected only in Japanese subjects (0.021). Allele frequencies were significantly different between the two ethnic groups (p < 0.0001). Distribution of genotypes between Japanese nonalcoholics and alcoholics were not significantly different. Also, no significant difference for the allele frequencies was observed between Japanese moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested no association among the polymorphic repeats, drinking behavior, and alcoholism. Allele frequencies were significantly different between Japanese subjects and North American white subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Itoga
- Department of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, Chiba University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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36
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Harada S, Agarwal DP, Nomura F, Higuchi S. Metabolic and ethnic determinants of alcohol drinking habits and vulnerability to alcohol-related disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2001; 25:71S-75S. [PMID: 11391053 DOI: 10.1097/00000374-200105051-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article represents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2000 ISBRA Meeting in Yokohama, Japan. The chairs were Shoji Harada and Dharam P. Agarwal. The presentations were (1) Mutations in the exons, exon-intron junctions, and promoter regions of human CYP2E1 gene and alcoholism, by Fumio Nomura; (2) Genetic variability in alcohol metabolism and drinking habits in Japanese, by Shoji Harada; (3) Genetic studies of alcohol dependence using alcoholics with inactive ALDH2, by Susumu Higuchi; and (4) Alcohol consumption, apolipoprotein polymorphisms, and cardiovascular disorders, by Dharam P. Agarwal.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Harada
- Institute of Community Medicine (SHa), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Yamanaka K, Sakai S, Nomura F, Akashi T, Usui T. [A nutritional investigation of homeless patients with tuberculosis]. Kekkaku 2001; 76:363-70. [PMID: 11398327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective case-control study was performed with TB patients who were admitted to our hospital over the two years from Jan. 1997 to Dec. 1998 and healthy men who underwent a health screening in April 2000 in the same hospital. Thirty-two non-homeless TB patients (the first control group) and 32 healthy men (the second control group) were matched with 32 homeless TB patients according to age. All 3 groups were male. Total protein, albumin, cholesterol, cholinesterase, hemoglobin level and lymphocyte count on admission were significantly lower in the homeless patients than in the non-homeless patients and healthy men. Albumin, cholesterol, cholinesterase, hemoglobin level, white blood cell count and lymphocyte count on admission were significantly lower in non-homeless patients than healthy men. Height, weight and body mass index were significantly lower in the homeless patients than in the healthy men. However, there were no significant differences in these body characteristics between the homeless and non-homeless patients. Twenty-five percent of homeless patients died during hospitalization, compared with 6.3 percent of non-homeless patients. Lymphocyte counts among homeless patients who died during hospitalization were significantly lower than among those who survived during hospitalization. Total protein, albumin, cholesterol, cholinesterase, hemoglobin level and weight were lower in patients who died than in those who survived, although the differences were statistically not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamanaka
- Nagoya City Central School of Nursing, Japan
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Shiobara M, Miyazaki M, Ito H, Togawa A, Nakajima N, Nomura F, Morinaga N, Noda M. Enhanced polyadenosine diphosphate-ribosylation in cirrhotic liver and carcinoma tissues in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16:338-44. [PMID: 11339428 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to assess the poly ADP-ribosylation activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in liver cirrhosis (LC) as compared to the activity in normal livers (NL). METHODS Hepatocellular carcinoma and LC tissues were sampled from 19 patients with HCC. Normal liver tissue was obtained from 19 patients with metastatic liver cancer. Poly ADP-ribosylation activity of these tissues was measured by using [32P]-adenylate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-incorporation into the 116-kDa protein. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide glycohydrolase activity of these tissues was determined with thin layer chromatography. The immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 was also assessed as a parameter of cell proliferative activity. RESULTS The poly ADP-ribosylation of the 116 kDa protein was significantly increased in patients with HCC and LC as compared with NL (P<0.0001, P<0.05, respectively) and was inhibited by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in a dose-dependent manner. There was no significant difference in NAD glycohydrolase activity among the three groups. A significant correlation was found between the Ki-67 positive cell rate and the relative radioactivity of poly ADP-ribosylation in HCC patients (r=0.794, P<0.0001). The poly ADP-ribosylation of the 116 kDa protein of LC was significantly higher in patients who had recurrences of HCC after hepatic resection than in patients without recurrence (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Poly ADP-ribosylation of the 116 kDa protein in HCC patients might be enhanced with its proliferative activity, and poly ADP-ribosylation of the same protein in LC patients might be a useful parameter of carcinogenic potential for predicting HCC recurrence after hepatectomy in patients who have had HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shiobara
- First Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
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Abstract
Dynamic behaviors of liposomes caused by interactions between liposomal membranes and surfactant were studied by direct real-time observation by using high-intensity dark-field microscopy. Solubilization of liposomes by surfactants is thought to be a catastrophic event akin to the explosion of soap bubbles in the air; however, the actual process has not been clarified. We studied this process experimentally and found that liposomes exposed to various surfactants exhibited unusual behavior, namely continuous shrinkage accompanied by intermittent quakes, release of encapsulated liposomes, opening up, and inside-out topological inversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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Nomura F, Forbess JM, Mayer EJ. Effects of Hot shot on recovery after hypothermic ischemia in neonatal lamb heart. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2001; 42:1-7. [PMID: 11292898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Terminal warm blood cardioplegia, "Hot shot", is the method for providing an energy replenishment and/or early recovery of aerobic metabolism without electromechanical activity at initial reperfusion. The mechanism of beneficial effects of this Hot Shot is multifactorial. This study was designed to assess the effects of terminal warm blood cardioplegia by comparing with oxygenated terminal warm crystalloid cardioplegia. METHODS In Group HS-B, n=8 (oxygenated blood; 37 degrees C, Ht: 20%, K+ 20 mEq/l, pH 7.237, PO2 219 mmHg) and in Group HS-C, n=8 (bloodless oxygenated (5% CO2+95%O2) crystalloid, 37 degrees C, K+ 20 mEq/l, pH 7.435, PO2 624 mmHg), terminal warm cardioplegia (20 ml/kg for 5 minutes) was studied in the isolated blood perfused neonatal lamb heart following 2 hr of cardioplegic ischemia. Another eight hearts served as control without any kind of terminal cardioplegia. After 60 min of reperfusion, LV function was measured. Coronary blood flow (CBF), oxygen content, and oxygen consumption (MVO2) were measured and the oxygen extraction ratio was calculated in Group HS-B and HS-C during terminal cardioplegia and/or reperfusion. Results are given as % recovery of preischemic values. RESULTS HS-B as well as HS-C groups showed better functional recovery in maximum developed pressure (DP: 78.0+/-8.3 in HS-B vs 65.2+/-9.2%; p=0.018), maximum dp/dt (67.3+/-6.2 in HS-B, 65.3+/-7.4 in HS-C vs 55.8+/-5.0%; p=0.003, p=0.02), DP V10 (87.1+/-8.5 in HS-B vs 67.2+/-9.9%; p=0.0001), and peak dp/dt V10 (76.4+/-7.6 in HS-B, 69.8+/-8.1 in HS-C vs 58.6+/-6.9 %; p=0.0001) than the control group. Between the HS-B and HS-C groups, HS-B showed better functional recovery in terms of DP V10 (p=0.01). Oxygen delivery of terminal cardioplegia was almost four times higher in HS-B group (90.4+/-17.7 vs 18.7+/-1.1 mcl/ml), contrarily, HS-C group showed four times higher oxygen extraction ratio compared to HS-B group (0.78+/-0.06 vs 0.18+/-0.11), thus oxygen consumption during hot shot was maintained at the same level in both groups. CBF in the control group was lower than that in the other groups at 60 min of reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS Reperfusion with both terminal warm cardioplegia including blood and oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia resulted in better recovery of function and higher levels of CBF with slightly better function in terminal warm blood cardioplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children s Hospital, Boston, USA
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41
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Sato S, Nomura F, Kawai T, Takeuchi O, Mühlradt PF, Takeda K, Akira S. Synergy and cross-tolerance between toll-like receptor (TLR) 2- and TLR4-mediated signaling pathways. J Immunol 2000; 165:7096-101. [PMID: 11120839 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.12.7096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A family of Toll-like receptor (TLR) mediates the cellular response to bacterial cell wall components; murine TLR2 and TLR4 recognize mycoplasmal lipopeptides (macrophage-activating lipopeptides, 2 kDa (MALP-2)) and LPS, respectively. Costimulation of mouse peritoneal macrophages with MALP-2 and LPS results in a marked increase in TNF-alpha production, showing the synergy between TLR2- and TLR4-mediated signaling pathways. Macrophages pretreated with LPS show hyporesponsiveness to the second LPS stimulation, termed LPS tolerance. The LPS tolerance has recently been shown to be primarily due to the down-regulation of surface expression of the TLR4-MD2 complex. When macrophages were treated with MALP-2, the cells showed hyporesponsiveness to the second MALP-2 stimulation, like LPS tolerance. Furthermore, macrophages pretreated with MALP-2 showed reduced production of TNF-alpha in response to LPS. LPS-induced activation of both NF-kappaB and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase was severely impaired in MALP-2-pretreated cells. However, MALP-2-pretreated macrophages did not show any reduction in surface expression of the TLR4-MD2 complex. These findings indicate that LPS-induced LPS tolerance mainly occurs through the down-regulation of surface expression of the TLR4-MD2 complex; in contrast, MALP-2-induced LPS tolerance is due to modulation of the downstream cytoplasmic signaling pathways.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Surface/biosynthesis
- Cell Membrane/immunology
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Drosophila Proteins
- Drug Synergism
- Immune Tolerance/genetics
- Immune Tolerance/immunology
- Interleukin-10/deficiency
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/physiology
- Lipopeptides
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Lymphocyte Antigen 96
- Macrophage Activation/genetics
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Membrane Glycoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Membrane Glycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Mice, Knockout
- Oligopeptides/pharmacology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Time Factors
- Toll-Like Receptor 2
- Toll-Like Receptor 4
- Toll-Like Receptors
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sato
- Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
For intraoperative stented graft implantation, we use a half-inch translucent soft polyvinyl tube as a sheath and an obturator from a two-stage venous cannula as a pushing rod. Ten centimeters of any kind of graft can be used for the stent graft itself. The stent we used was a self-expandable Gianturco double Z stent and was sutured inside the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kure National Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Nomura F, Yaguchi M, Togawa A, Miyazaki M, Isobe K, Miyake M, Noda M, Nakai T. Enhancement of poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 15:529-35. [PMID: 10847440 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2000.02193.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly-adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation, catalysed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), is a post-translational modification of nuclear proteins and is involved in a wide range of biological processes including DNA repair, cell proliferation and malignant transformation. Alteration of this reaction in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of interest, but has not yet been explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate poly-ADP-ribosylation and to compare the expression of PARP in HCC and adjacent non-tumour tissues. METHODS Tumorous and adjacent non-tumorous tissues were obtained from five consecutive patients with HCC during surgery for tumour resection. Tissue homogenates were subjected to ADP-ribosylation with [32P]-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. The ADP-ribosylated proteins were separated by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by autoradiography. Expression of PARP was also evaluated by western blotting. RESULTS Several proteins were ADP-ribosylated in human HCC tissues. Notably, the radiolabelling of a 116-kDa protein was remarkably greater than that in adjacent non-tumorous tissues (86.5 +/- 35.2 arbitrary units by densitometry vs 12.2 +/- 9.9, mean +/- SD, n = 5, P < 0.02). The radiolabelling of the 116-kDa protein was decreased in the presence of PARP inhibitors in a concentration-dependent manner. Immunoblot analyses revealed that the radiolabelled protein was PARP and that its expression was significantly greater in HCC than in adjacent non-tumorous tissues (333 +/- 204% of non-tumorous tissue, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We found that poly-ADP-ribosylation and PARP expression were significantly increased in human HCC compared with those in adjacent non-tumorous tissues in surgically obtained specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tsukuba University, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Takekoshi K, Ishii K, Isobe K, Nomura F, Nammoku T, Nakai T. Effects of natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP, CNP) on catecholamine synthesis and TH mRNA levels in PC12 cells. Life Sci 2000; 66:PL303-11. [PMID: 10834306 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) are present in adrenal chromaffin cells, and are co-secreted with catecholamines suggesting that these natriuretic peptides (NPs) may modulate functions of chromaffin cells in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner. Therefore, we investigated the effects of NPs on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH: a rate-limiting enzyme in biosynthesis of catecholamine) mRNA in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. It was also determined whether the cyclic GMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGMP/PKG) pathway was involved in theses effects. Finally, we examined the effects of NPs on intracellular catecholamine content to confirm increase of catecholamine synthesis following TH mRNA induction. NPs (0.1 microM) induced significant increases of the TH mRNA (ANP= BNP> CNP). Also, the effects of NPs on TH mRNA were mimicked by 8-bromo cyclic GMP (1mM), and were blocked by KT5823 (1 microM) (inhibitor PKG) or LY83583 (1 microM) (guanylate cyclase inhibitor). Moreover, NPs were shown to induce significant increases of intracellular catecholamine contents (ANP= BNP> CNP). These findings suggest that NPs induced increases of TH mRNA through cGMP/PKG dependent mechanisms, which, in turn, resulted in stimulation of catecholamine synthesis in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takekoshi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
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Nomura F, Itoga S, Tamura M, Harada S, Iizuka Y, Nakai T. Biological markers of alcoholism with respect to genotypes of low-Km aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) in Japanese subjects. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2000; 24:30S-33S. [PMID: 10803776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the mutant low-Km acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) allele (ALDH2(2)) with reduced capacity to metabolize acetaldehyde offers biological protection against alcoholism and subsequent alcohol-induced organ damage in many individuals, a significant proportion of individuals with heterozygote of the normal and mutant ALDH2 gene (ALDH2(1)/2(2)) consume excessive amounts of alcohol. Indeed, it has been postulated that habitual drinkers with ALDH2(1)/2(2) may be at a higher risk for alcoholic liver disease than those with ALDH2(1)/2(1). In this study, we determined how representative biological markers of alcoholism (gamma-glutamyltransferase [GGT], carbohydrate-deficient transferrin [CDT], and the mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes [MCV]) differ with respect to the ALDH2 genotypes in Japanese habitual drinkers. METHODS We obtained genomic DNA samples from 227 Japanese men with various drinking habits. ALDH2 genotypes were determined by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. GGT, CDT, and MCV were determined and compared between ALDH2(1)/2(1) and ALDH2(1)/2(2) habitual drinkers who consumed more than 66 g of alcohol per day for more than 5 years. We measured CDT by anion-exchange chromatography followed by turbidity immunoassay by using a commercially available assay kit (Axis %CDT TIA). RESULTS CDT levels were comparable between the two groups. GGT activities were significantly greater in ALDH2(1)/2(1) than in ALDH2(1)/2(2) habitual drinkers (81 +/- 85 vs. 53 +/- 40 IU/liters, p < 0.02). MCV values, on the other hand, were significantly larger in ALDH2(1)/2(2) than in ALDH2(1)/2(1) subjects (98.2 +/- 5.8 vs. 95.8 +/- 4.2 fl, p = 0.02). When we used elevation of either CDT or GGT to detect habitual drinking in ALDH2(1)/2(1) and 2(1)/2(2) subjects, the sensitivities were 57% and 46%, respectively. CDT levels were similar between habitual drinkers with normal aspartate aminotransferase levels and those with elevated levels. CONCLUSION GGT and MCV, but not CDT, differ with respect to the ALDH2 genotypes in Japanese male habitual drinkers. ALDH2 genotypes should be considered when interpreting data on biological markers of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tsukuba University, Tokyo, Japan
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Nomura F, Akashi S, Sakao Y, Sato S, Kawai T, Matsumoto M, Nakanishi K, Kimoto M, Miyake K, Takeda K, Akira S. Cutting edge: endotoxin tolerance in mouse peritoneal macrophages correlates with down-regulation of surface toll-like receptor 4 expression. J Immunol 2000; 164:3476-9. [PMID: 10725699 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.7.3476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 578] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes/macrophages exposed to LPS show reduced responses to second stimulation with LPS, which is termed LPS tolerance. In this study, we investigated molecular mechanism of LPS tolerance in macrophages. Mouse peritoneal macrophages pre-exposed to LPS exhibited reduced production of inflammatory cytokines in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Activation of neither IL-1 receptor-associated kinase nor NF-kappaB was observed in macrophages that became tolerant by LPS pretreatment, indicating that the proximal event in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-MyD88-dependent signaling is affected in tolerant macrophages. Although TLR4 mRNA expression significantly decreased within a few hours of LPS pretreatment and returned to the original level at 24 h, the surface TLR4 expression began to decrease within 1 h, with a gradual decrease after that, and remained suppressed over 24 h. A decrease in inflammatory cytokine production in tolerant macrophages well correlates with down-regulation of the surface TLR4 expression, which may explain one of the mechanisms for LPS tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND NF-kappaB is an ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that plays an important role in the immune, anti-apoptotic and inflammatory responses. NF-kappaB is normally sequestered in the cytoplasm by interacting with inhibitory IkappaB molecules. Upon stimulation, IkappaB is phosphorylated and subsequently degraded by the proteasome, allowing NF-kappaB to translocate into the nucleus where they regulate target gene expression. Two kinases, IKK-alpha and IKK-beta, which are responsible for IkappaB phosphorylation were recently identified. We have recently identified a cytokine inducible IKK-i, a kinase related to IKK-alpha and -beta. IKK-i significantly induced NF-kappaB activation upon over-expression, as did IKK-alpha and IKK-beta. Unlike IKK-alpha and IKK-beta, IKK-i phosphorylated Ser36 but not Ser32 in vitro, suggesting that IKK-i activates NF-kappaB by distinct mechanisms from the conventional IKKs. RESULTS I-TRAF/TANK was isolated as a molecule that interacts specifically with inducible IkappaB kinase (IKK-i) by the yeast two-hybrid screening procedure. The association of IKK-i and I-TRAF is mediated via the interaction between the N-terminal domain of I-TRAF and the C-terminal portion of IKK-i. In vitro kinase assays demonstrate that IKK-i phosphorylates I-TRAF in the middle portion that associates with TRAF2. Interestingly, TRAF2 is freed from the I-TRAF/TRAF2 complex after I-TRAF phosphorylation. NF-kappaB activation by IKK-i is significantly blocked by coexpression of the N-terminal domain of I-TRAF, dominant negative TRAF2, and dominant negative NIK and IKK-beta. IKK-i over-expression also induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase. These results show that I-TRAF is a substrate of IKK-i. NF-kappaB activation by IKK-i may be mediated through phosphorylation of I-TRAF by IKK-i and subsequent liberation of TRAF2. CONCLUSION These results indicate that NF-kappaB activation by IKK-i is mediated through phosphorylation of I-TRAF/TANK by IKK-i and subsequent liberation of TRAF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Host Defense, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology of Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Isobe K, Nakai T, Yashiro T, Nanmoku T, Yukimasa N, Ikezawa T, Suzuki E, Takekoshi K, Nomura F. Enhanced expression of mRNA coding for the adrenaline-synthesizing enzyme phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase in adrenaline-secreting pheochromocytomas. J Urol 2000; 163:357-62. [PMID: 10604389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In some pheochromocytomas, the tumors contain and secrete greater amounts of adrenaline than do normal adrenal medullas. It is not yet known how adrenaline synthesis is enhanced in the adrenaline-secreting pheochromocytomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS As a first step toward understanding the molecular mechanisms by which adrenaline synthesis is controlled in these tumors, we measured the level of mRNA coding for the adrenaline-synthesizing enzyme phenylethanolamine N-methyl transferase (PNMT) and the content of adrenaline in the pheochromocytomas (n = 9), including 3 cases of the adrenaline-secreting type (one of the patients had bilateral pheochromocytomas), and in normal adrenal medullas (n = 7). We then measured the concentration of cortisol, which is thought to regulate the PNMT activity. Finally, we examined the expression of the mRNA for Egr-1, which was recently reported to be a transcriptional factor regulating PNMT gene expression. RESULTS In the 4 tissue specimens from 3 adrenaline-secreting pheochromocytomas, the contents of adrenaline and the PNMT mRNA expression were considerably greater than those of the normal adrenal medullas. PNMT immunoreactivity was only detected in the adrenaline-secreting tumors. Three of the 4 specimens showed high concentrations of cortisol. To show the capacity for cortisol production locally in the pheochromocytoma tissues, we showed the expression of a glucocorticoid biosynthetic enzyme, 17alpha-hydroxylase, in the tumors by Western blotting. PNMT expression was found to be associated with 17alpha-hydroxylase expression in the tumors. The glucocorticoid receptor expression was also correlated with PNMT expression in the tumors and the expression of Egr-1 was also high in 3 of the 4 specimens. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that adrenaline production in adrenaline-secreting pheochromocytomas is primarily controlled by the level of PNMT gene expression, and that the gene expression may be enhanced by both cortisol and Egr-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Isobe
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
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Abstract
Two successful cases of eliminated atrial flutter and improved clinical status for Fontan patients are presented. An operation combining introduction of an extracardiac conduit for the Fontan connection, to direct all systemic venous blood away from the atrium, and atrial pathway division and cryoablation, is a useful surgical option for failing Fontan patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Cardiology, Green Lane Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins have been shown to enhance myocardial tolerance of ischemia-reperfusion injury and are induced in the myocardium of many animals by various stressors. METHODS To assess the effects and time course of the inducible form of heat shock protein 70, we raised the rectal temperature of 15 neonatal lambs to 43 degrees C for 15 minutes. At 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes and 24 hours after heat shock, hearts were subjected to immunoblot analysis for heat shock protein (hsp 72/73). Twenty-four hours after heat shock, neonatal lamb hearts (n = 8) were subjected to 2 hours of cold cardioplegic ischemia (HSP group). Eight neonatal lamb hearts without heat shock served as control. After 60 minutes of reperfusion, left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, coronary blood flow (CBF), myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2), and lactate levels were measured. Endothelial function was assessed by measuring in situ coronary vascular resistance response to acetylcholine and trinitroglycerine. RESULTS The HSP group showed a significantly higher recovery of systolic function as well as MVO, and a lower lactate level compared to the control group at 60 minutes after reperfusion. Recovery of coronary endothelial function was also significantly better in the HSP group than in the control group. Inducible form of HSP 70 was expressed 15 minutes after heat shock and continued to be observed at 24 hours after the stress. CONCLUSIONS Heat shock stress associated with the production of inducible heat shock proteins improved the recovery of ventricular function as well as endothelial function and aerobic metabolism after hypothermic cardioplegic ischemia. Induction of heat shock proteins by any means prior to planned hypothermic ischemia may lead to a new approach for myocardial protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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