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Ghosal S, Mallik N, Acharya R, Dasgupta G, Mondal DK, Pal A. Medication adherence in bipolar disorder: Exploring the role of predominant polarity. Int J Psychiatry Med 2021:912174211030163. [PMID: 34196229 DOI: 10.1177/00912174211030163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Medication non-adherence is one important reason behind sub-optimal outcome from treatment of bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). Though various reasons behind medication non-adherence have been identified, little is known about the medication adherence patterns across various predominant polarities (PP) in BPAD. METHODS 100 euthymic patients of BPAD were purposively recruited and the PP were determined. Subsequently, Morisky Medication adherence scale (MMAS); Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF); Oslo Social Support Scale and World Health Organization Quality of Life scale- Brief version (WHOQOL-Bref) were administered. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was done to estimate the difference of scores of MMAS after adjusting for any potential confounders. RESULTS Overall, 44 patients with manic PP (MPP), 17 with depressive PP (DPP) and 39 with indeterminate PP (IPP) were recruited. It was found that patients who presented with DPP showed significantly higher medication adherence as compared to MPP. CONCLUSION Knowledge of PP of a patient of BPAD can be useful in anticipating medication adherence and treatment outcome. The major limitations included non-probability sampling, cross-sectional design and limited generalizability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutanuka Ghosal
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Nitu Mallik
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine & JNM Hospital, Kalyani, India
| | | | - Gargi Dasgupta
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Mondal
- Department of Psychiatry, R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Arghya Pal
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, India
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Chakrabarty M, Dasgupta G, Acharya R, Chatterjee SS, Guha P, Belmonte MK, Bhattacharya K. Validation of revised reading the mind in the eyes test in the Indian (Bengali) population: A preliminary study. Indian J Psychiatry 2021; 63:74-79. [PMID: 34083824 PMCID: PMC8106414 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_967_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social cognition deficits are common in clinical populations but there is a dearth of standardized social cognition assessment tools in India. Theory of mind (ToM) is an important aspect of social cognition which is often assessed with the revised reading the mind in eyes test (RMET-R). However, we do not have a statistically validated version of the test for the Indian population. AIM This study aims to assess the acceptability, reliability, and validity of the Bengali version of the RMET-R. MATERIALS AND METHODS We administered the RMET-R to 23 patients with chronic schizophrenia (SCZ), 22 patients with bipolar disorder, and 104 healthy controls (HCs) to evaluate the reliability and validity of the instrument in the Indian (Bengali) population. RESULTS We obtained moderate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.6) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.64, P < 0.001). Positive correlations were found between RMET-R and Wechsler picture arrangement (r = 0.60, P < 0.001), picture completion (r = 0.54, P < 0.001), and comprehension subtests (r = 0.48, P < 0.001). Patients with SCZ (M = 49.7, standard deviation [SD] = 16.5) scored significantly lower than HCs (M = 68.9, SD = 13.8) (P = 0.008; Cohen's d = 1.3) on the RMET-R. Thus this tool could discriminate patients who are reported to have Theory of Mind deficits from healthy controls. CONCLUSION The Bengali version of the RMET-R is a reliable and valid tool for assessing first-order ToM insofar as the original RMET-R measures this construct.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gargi Dasgupta
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Seshadri Sekhar Chatterjee
- Department of Psychiatry, Diamond Harbour Government Medical College and Hospital, Diamond Harbour, West Bengal, India
| | - Prathama Guha
- Department of Psychiatry, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Matthew K Belmonte
- The Com DEALL Trust, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.,Division of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, England, UK
| | - Kaberi Bhattacharya
- Department of Psychiatry, Midnapore Medical College, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
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Dasgupta A, Ade V, Dutta J, Dasgupta G. Inflammatory phenotypes of severe asthma in India. Lung India 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.257699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Chatterjee S, Nath N, Dasgupta G, Bhattacharyya K. Delusion of pregnancy and other pregnancy-mimicking conditions: Dissecting through differential diagnosis. Med J DY Patil Univ 2014. [DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.128986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Dasgupta G. An encephalocele replacing nose completely. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 51:57-8. [PMID: 23119487 DOI: 10.1007/bf02996848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital encephalocele presenting in the nasal region is extremely rare. We present here a case ot tncephaloce lecompletely replacing the nose of a five year old boy and duscuss about similar swellings in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dasgupta
- Tinplate Hospital, 831 003 Jamshedpur, India
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Benmohamed L, Chentoufi A, Dervillez X, Dasgupta G, Kabbara K, Villacres M, Nguyen C, Wechsler S, Sidney J, Nesburn A. Identification of “Asymptomatic” HLA-A*0201-Restricted CD8+ Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitopes from the Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein B (113.13). The Journal of Immunology 2012. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.113.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Protective “asymptomatic” human CD8+ T-cell epitopes from herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (HSV1 & HSV-2) protein antigens remain largely undefined. Here, we have identified immunodominant protective "asymptomatic" human CD8+ T cell epitopes on the HSV-1 gB that are restricted to HLA-A*0201, an haplotype that covers over 50% of the human population. The 904-amino acid HSV-1 (strain 17) gB sequence was screened for potential CD8+ T cell epitopes. Ten epitopes were identified, synthesized and tested for affinity to HLA-A*0201 molecule. Two of these peptide epitopes, gB441-449 and gB561-569, exhibited high affinity for soluble HLA-A*0201 molecules. Peptide-specific CD8+ T cell proliferation (CFSE dilution) and CD107a/b cytotoxic degranulation were demonstrated against the same two epitopes in 30 sequentially studied HLA-A*0201-positive, HSV-1 seropositive asymptomatic individuals (i.e. during control of herpetic disease), but not in symptomatic individuals (i.e. with frequent herpetic disease). A heterologous lipopeptide/rAdv5 prime/boost vaccine expressing these two asymptomatic gB CD8+ epitopes induced a strong and long lasting CD8+ T-cell protective immunity against ocular and genital herpes in a susceptible HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice. Human protective asymptomatic CD8+ T-cell epitopes on HSV-1 proteins should continue to provide new insight into immune correlates of protection and aid in the development of a safe and efficient immunotherapeutic vaccine for herpes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lbachir Benmohamed
- 1Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University California Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Aziz Chentoufi
- 1Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University California Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Xavier Dervillez
- 1Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University California Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Gargi Dasgupta
- 1Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University California Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Khaled Kabbara
- 1Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University California Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Maria Villacres
- 2Child and Adolescent Center for Infectious Diseases and Virology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chelsea Nguyen
- 1Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University California Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Steven Wechsler
- 1Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University California Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - John Sidney
- 3Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA
| | - Anthony Nesburn
- 1Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University California Irvine, Irvine, CA
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Chentoufi AA, Dervillez X, Dasgupta G, Nguyen C, Kabbara KW, Jiang X, Nesburn AB, Wechsler SL, Benmohamed L. The herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript inhibits phenotypic and functional maturation of dendritic cells. Viral Immunol 2012; 25:204-15. [PMID: 22512280 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2011.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently found that the herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) latency-associated transcript (LAT) results in exhaustion of virus-specific CD8⁺ T cells in latently-infected trigeminal ganglia (TG). In this study we sought to determine if this impairment may involve LAT directly and/or indirectly interfering with DC maturation. We found that a small number of HSV-1 antigen-positive DCs are present in the TG of latently-infected CD11c/eYFP mice; however, this does not imply that these DCs are acutely or latently infected. Some CD8⁺ T cells are adjacent to DCs, suggesting possible interactions. It has previously been shown that wild-type HSV-1 interferes with DC maturation. Here we show for the first time that this is associated with LAT expression, since compared to LAT⁻ virus: (1) LAT⁺ virus interfered with expression of MHC class I and the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on the surface of DCs; (2) LAT⁺ virus impaired DC production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α; and (3) DCs infected in vitro with LAT⁺ virus had significantly reduced the ability to stimulate HSV-specific CD8⁺ T cells. While a similar number of DCs was found in LAT⁺ and LAT⁻ latently-infected TG of CD11c/eYFP transgenic mice, more HSV-1 Ag-positive DCs and more exhausted CD8 T cells were seen with LAT⁺ virus. Consistent with these findings, HSV-specific cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells in the TG of mice latently-infected with LAT⁺ virus produced less IFN-γ and TNF-α than those from TG of LAT⁻-infected mice. Together, these results suggest a novel immune-evasion mechanism whereby the HSV-1 LAT increases the number of HSV-1 Ag-positive DCs in latently-infected TG, and interferes with DC phenotypic and functional maturation. The effect of LAT on TG-resident DCs may contribute to the reduced function of HSV-specific CD8⁺ T cells in the TG of mice latently infected with LAT⁺ virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Alami Chentoufi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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Dasgupta G, Chentoufi AA, You S, Falatoonzadeh P, Urbano LAA, Akhtarmalik A, Nguyen K, Ablabutyan L, Nesburn AB, BenMohamed L. Engagement of TLR2 reverses the suppressor function of conjunctiva CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and promotes herpes simplex virus epitope-specific CD4+CD25- effector T cell responses. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011; 52:3321-33. [PMID: 21273544 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-6522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE. The authors recently reported that Foxp3(+)CD4(+) CD25(+(Bright)) "natural" regulatory T cells (nT(reg) cells) are abundant in rabbit conjunctiva and suppress herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) effector T cells (T(eff) cells). However, little is known about the overall regulatory mechanisms of these nT(reg) cells. The authors investigate the regulation of conjunctiva-resident nT(reg) cells through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their effect on ocular mucosal T(eff) cell immunity. METHODS. CD4(+)CD25(+) nT(reg) cells were purified from naive rabbit conjunctivas, and their TLR expression profile was determined. The effects of TLR engagement on nT(reg) cell-mediated suppression of CD4(+) T(eff) cells were determined in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS. The authors found that conjunctiva-resident nT(reg) cells express high levels of TLR2 and TLR9; exposure to the TLR2 ligand lipoteichoic acid (LTA) led to the increased activation and proliferation of nT(reg) cells, and the addition of autologous APCs further increased nT(reg) cell expansion; in contrast, the TLR9 ligand CpG(2007) inhibited the proliferation of nT(reg) cells, and the addition of autologous APCs had no effect on such inhibition; nT(reg) cells treated with LTA, but not with CpG(2007), expressed IFN-γ and IL-10 mRNA, but not TGF-β; consistent with in vitro data, rabbits immunized by topical ocular drops of HSV-gD peptides + TLR2 ligand (LTA) displayed enhanced CD4(+)CD25(-) T(eff) cell immune responses when compared with HSV-gD peptides + TLR9 ligand (CpG(2007)). CONCLUSIONS. Although conjunctiva-resident CD4(+)CD25(+) nT(reg) cells express high level of TLR2 and TLR9, their suppressive function is more significantly reversed after the administration of TLR2 ligand (LTA; P < 0.005) than of TLR9 ligand (CpG(200); P > 0.005). These findings will likely help optimize the topical ocular administration of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Dasgupta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, California
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Alami chentoufi A, Kritzer E, Tran M, Dasgupta G, Afifi R, Jiang X, Osorio N, Carpenter D, Nesburn A, Wechsler S, BenMohamed L. The herpes simplex virus 1 encoded latency associated transcript promotes dysfunctional virus specific CD8+ T cells in latently infected trigeminal ganglia (154.39). The Journal of Immunology 2011. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.154.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Following ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 infection, HSV-specific CD8+ T cells are induced, selectively retained in latently infected trigeminal ganglia and appear to decrease HSV-1 reactivation. The LAT gene increases HSV-1 reactivation. We hypothesized that increased numbers and/or function of HSV-specific functional CD8+ T-cells in TG might be involved in the decreased reactivation seen with LAT(-)mutants. Mice were ocularly infected with either LAT(+) or LAT(-) viruses and the number and function of CD8+ T-cells in TG were examined during latency. Although fewer total CD8+ T-cells were found with LAT(-) viruses, TG had more functional HSV-gB-specific CD8+ T cells compared to LAT(+) TG which had many exhausted HSV-gB-specific CD8+ T cells, as judged by high levels of PD-1, impaired cytotoxicity, and decreased IFN-γ and TNF-α production. In addition, mouse Neuro2A cells expressing LAT, had elevated PD-L1 and MHC-I compared to LAT(-) Neuro2A cells and were resistant to lysis by allogeneic CD8+ T cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that TG from mice latently infected with LAT(-) viruses had more HSV-specific functional CD8+ T-cells than did TG from mice infected with LAT(+) viruses. In addition LAT appeared specifically able to upregulate both PD-L1 and MHC-I. These findings may constitute a novel immune evasion mechanism whereby LAT promotes dysfunctional HSV-specific CD8+ T cells in latently infected TG, resulting in more virus reactivation
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Alami chentoufi
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
- 2Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Elizabeth Kritzer
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
- 2Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Michael Tran
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
- 2Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Gargi Dasgupta
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
- 2Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Rasha Afifi
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
- 2Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Xianzhi Jiang
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Nelson Osorio
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Dale Carpenter
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Anthony Nesburn
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Steven Wechsler
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Lbachir BenMohamed
- 1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
- 2Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
- 3Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Medical Center, Orange, CA
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Renaudet O, Dasgupta G, Bettahi I, Shi A, Nesburn AB, Dumy P, BenMohamed L. Linear and branched glyco-lipopeptide vaccines follow distinct cross-presentation pathways and generate different magnitudes of antitumor immunity. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11216. [PMID: 20574522 PMCID: PMC2888579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyco-lipopeptides, a form of lipid-tailed glyco-peptide, are currently under intense investigation as B- and T-cell based vaccine immunotherapy for many cancers. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of glyco-lipopeptides (GLPs) immunogenicity and the position of the lipid moiety on immunogenicity and protective efficacy of GLPs remain to be determined. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We have constructed two structural analogues of HER-2 glyco-lipopeptide (HER-GLP) by synthesizing a chimeric peptide made of one universal CD4(+) epitope (PADRE) and one HER-2 CD8(+) T-cell epitope (HER(420-429)). The C-terminal end of the resulting CD4-CD8 chimeric peptide was coupled to a tumor carbohydrate B-cell epitope, based on a regioselectively addressable functionalized templates (RAFT), made of four alpha-GalNAc molecules. The resulting HER glyco-peptide (HER-GP) was then linked to a palmitic acid moiety, attached either at the N-terminal end (linear HER-GLP-1) or in the middle between the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes (branched HER-GLP-2). We have investigated the uptake, processing and cross-presentation pathways of the two HER-GLP vaccine constructs, and assessed whether the position of linkage of the lipid moiety would affect the B- and T-cell immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Immunization of mice revealed that the linear HER-GLP-1 induced a stronger and longer lasting HER(420-429)-specific IFN-gamma producing CD8(+) T cell response, while the branched HER-GLP-2 induced a stronger tumor-specific IgG response. The linear HER-GLP-1 was taken up easily by dendritic cells (DCs), induced stronger DCs maturation and produced a potent TLR- 2-dependent T-cell activation. The linear and branched HER-GLP molecules appeared to follow two different cross-presentation pathways. While regression of established tumors was induced by both linear HER-GLP-1 and branched HER-GLP-2, the inhibition of tumor growth was significantly higher in HER-GLP-1 immunized mice (p<0.005). SIGNIFICANCE These findings have important implications for the development of effective GLP based immunotherapeutic strategies against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Renaudet
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250 and ICMG FR 2607, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Gargi Dasgupta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Ilham Bettahi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Alda Shi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Anthony B. Nesburn
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Pascal Dumy
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250 and ICMG FR 2607, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Lbachir BenMohamed
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, California, United States of America
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Chentoufi AA, Dasgupta G, Christensen ND, Hu J, Choudhury ZS, Azeem A, Jester JV, Nesburn AB, Wechsler SL, BenMohamed L. A novel HLA (HLA-A*0201) transgenic rabbit model for preclinical evaluation of human CD8+ T cell epitope-based vaccines against ocular herpes. J Immunol 2010; 184:2561-71. [PMID: 20124097 PMCID: PMC3752373 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We introduced a novel humanized HLA-A*0201 transgenic (HLA Tg) rabbit model to assess the protective efficacy of a human CD8(+) T cell epitope-based vaccine against primary ocular herpes infection and disease. Each of the three immunodominant human CD8(+) T cell peptide epitopes from HSV-1 glycoprotein D (gD(53-61), gD(70-78), and gD(278-286)) were joined with a promiscuous human CD4(+) T cell peptide epitope (gD(49-82)) to construct three separate pairs of CD4-CD8 peptides. Each CD4-CD8 peptide pair was then covalently linked to an N(epsilon)-palmitoyl-lysine residue via a functional base lysine amino group to construct CD4-CD8 lipopeptides. HLA Tg rabbits were immunized s.c. with a mixture of the three CD4-CD8 HSV-1 gD lipopeptides. The HSV-gD-specific T cell responses induced by the mixture of CD4-CD8 lipopeptide vaccine and the protective efficacy against acute virus replication and ocular disease were determined. Immunization induced HSV-gD(49-82)-specific CD4(+) T cells in draining lymph node (DLN); induced HLA-restricted HSV-gD(53-61), gD(70-78), and gD(278-286)-specific CD8(+) T cells in DLN, conjunctiva, and trigeminal ganglia and reduced HSV-1 replication in tears and corneal eye disease after ocular HSV-1 challenge. In addition, the HSV-1 epitope-specific CD8(+) T cells induced in DLNs, conjunctiva, and the trigeminal ganglia were inversely proportional with corneal disease. The humanized HLA Tg rabbits appeared to be a useful preclinical animal model for investigating the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of human CD8(+) T cell epitope-based prophylactic vaccines against ocular herpes. The relevance of HLA Tg rabbits for future investigation of human CD4-CD8 epitope-based therapeutic vaccines against recurrent HSV-1 is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz A. Chentoufi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Gargi Dasgupta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | | | - Jiafen Hu
- Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Zareen S. Choudhury
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Arfan Azeem
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - James V. Jester
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Anthony B. Nesburn
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Steven L. Wechsler
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
- The Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Lbachir BenMohamed
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
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Dasgupta G, Nesburn AB, Wechsler SL, BenMohamed L. Developing an asymptomatic mucosal herpes vaccine: the present and the future. Future Microbiol 2010; 5:1-4. [PMID: 20020824 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.09.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Dasgupta G, Chentoufi AA, Nesburn AB, Wechsler SL, BenMohamed L. New concepts in herpes simplex virus vaccine development: notes from the battlefield. Expert Rev Vaccines 2009; 8:1023-35. [PMID: 19627185 DOI: 10.1586/erv.09.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery that T cells recognize different sets of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 epitopes from seropositive symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals might lead to a fundamental immunologic advance in vaccine development against herpes infection and diseases. The newly introduced needle-free mucosal (i.e., topical ocular and intravaginal) lipopeptide vaccines provide a novel strategy that might target ocular and genital herpes and possibly provide 'heterologous protection' from HIV-1. Indeed, mucosal self-adjuvanting lipopeptide vaccines are easy to manufacture, simple to characterize, extremely pure, cost-effective, highly immunogenic and safe. In this review, we bring together recent published and unpublished data that illuminates the status of epitope-based herpes vaccine development and present an overview of our recent approach to an 'asymptomatic epitope'-based lipopeptide vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Dasgupta
- The Gavin S Herbert Eye Institute, Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697-4375, USA.
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Zhang X, Chentoufi AA, Dasgupta G, Nesburn AB, Wu M, Zhu X, Carpenter D, Wechsler SL, You S, BenMohamed L. A genital tract peptide epitope vaccine targeting TLR-2 efficiently induces local and systemic CD8+ T cells and protects against herpes simplex virus type 2 challenge. Mucosal Immunol 2009; 2:129-143. [PMID: 19129756 PMCID: PMC4509510 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2008.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The next generation of needle-free mucosal vaccines is being rationally designed according to rules that govern the way in which the epitopes are recognized by and stimulate the genital mucosal immune system. We hypothesized that synthetic peptide epitopes extended with an agonist of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2), that are abundantly expressed by dendritic and epithelial cells of the vaginal mucosa, would lead to induction of protective immunity against genital herpes. To test this hypothesis, we intravaginally (IVAG) immunized wild-type B6, TLR-2 (TLR2(-/-)) or myeloid differentiation factor 88 deficient (MyD88(-/-)) mice with a herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) CD8+ T-cell peptide epitope extended by a palmitic acid moiety (a TLR-2 agonist). IVAG delivery of the lipopeptide generated HSV-2-specific memory CD8+ cytotoxic T cells both locally in the genital tract draining lymph nodes and systemically in the spleen. Moreover, lipopeptide-immunized TLR2(-/-) and MyD88(-/-) mice developed significantly less HSV-specific CD8+ T-cell response, earlier death, faster disease progression, and higher vaginal HSV-2 titers compared to lipopeptide-immunized wild-type B6 mice. IVAG immunization with self-adjuvanting lipid-tailed peptides appears to be a novel mucosal vaccine approach, which has attractive practical and immunological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - AA Chentoufi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - G Dasgupta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - AB Nesburn
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - M Wu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - X Zhu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - D Carpenter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - SL Wechsler
- Laboratory of Virology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA,The Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - S You
- INSERM U580, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - L BenMohamed
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA,Center for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Bettahi I, Dasgupta G, Renaudet O, Chentoufi AA, Zhang X, Carpenter D, Yoon S, Dumy P, BenMohamed L. Antitumor activity of a self-adjuvanting glyco-lipopeptide vaccine bearing B cell, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009; 58:187-200. [PMID: 18584174 PMCID: PMC11030914 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0537-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly defined synthetic vaccines capable of inducing both antibodies and cellular anti-tumor immune responses, in a manner compatible with human delivery, are limited. Few molecules achieve this target without utilizing external immuno-adjuvants. In this study, we explored a self-adjuvanting glyco-lipopeptide (GLP) as a platform for cancer vaccines using as a model MO5, an OVA-expressing mouse B16 melanoma. A prototype B and T cell epitope-based GLP molecule was constructed by synthesizing a chimeric peptide made of a CD8(+) T cell epitope, from ovalbumin (OVA(257-264)) and an universal CD4(+) T helper (Th) epitope (PADRE). The resulting CTL-Th peptide backbones was coupled to a carbohydrate B cell epitope based on a regioselectively addressable functionalized templates (RAFT), made of four alpha-GalNAc molecules at C-terminal. The N terminus of the resulting glycopeptides (GP) was then linked to a palmitic acid moiety (PAM), obviating the need for potentially toxic external immuno-adjuvants. The final prototype OVA-GLP molecule, delivered in adjuvant-free PBS, in mice induced: (1) robust RAFT-specific IgG/IgM that recognized tumor cell lines; (2) local and systemic OVA(257-264)-specific IFN-gamma producing CD8(+) T cells; (3) PADRE-specific CD4(+) T cells; (4) OVA-GLP vaccination elicited a reduction of tumor size in mice inoculated with syngeneic murine MO5 carcinoma cells and a protection from lethal carcinoma cell challenge; (5) finally, OVA-GLP immunization significantly inhibited the growth of pre-established MO5 tumors. Our results suggest self-adjuvanting glyco-lipopeptide molecules as a platform for B Cell, CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cell epitopes-based immunotherapeutic cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilham Bettahi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Gargi Dasgupta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250, ICMG FR 2607, Universite Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Aziz Alami Chentoufi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Dale Carpenter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Susan Yoon
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Pascal Dumy
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250, ICMG FR 2607, Universite Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Lbachir BenMohamed
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, The Gavin S. Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, College of Medicine, Bldg. 55, Room 202, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868 USA
- Center for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-1450 USA
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Renaudet O, BenMohamed L, Dasgupta G, Bettahi I, Dumy P. Towards a Self-Adjuvanting Multivalent B and T cell Epitope Containing Synthetic Glycolipopeptide Cancer Vaccine. ChemMedChem 2008; 3:737-41. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200700315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Chentoufi AA, Zhang X, Lamberth K, Dasgupta G, Bettahi I, Nguyen A, Wu M, Zhu X, Mohebbi A, Buus S, Wechsler SL, Nesburn AB, BenMohamed L. HLA-A*0201-Restricted CD8+Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes Identified from Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein D. J Immunol 2007; 180:426-37. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.1.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Nesburn AB, Bettahi I, Dasgupta G, Chentoufi AA, Zhang X, You S, Morishige N, Wahlert AJ, Brown DJ, Jester JV, Wechsler SL, BenMohamed L. Functional Foxp3+ CD4+ CD25(Bright+) "natural" regulatory T cells are abundant in rabbit conjunctiva and suppress virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells during ocular herpes infection. J Virol 2007; 81:7647-61. [PMID: 17475646 PMCID: PMC1933381 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00294-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the phenotype and distribution of "naturally" occurring CD4(+) CD25(+) T regulatory cells (CD4(+) CD25(+) nT(reg) cells) resident in rabbit conjunctiva, the main T-cell inductive site of the ocular mucosal immune system, and we investigated their suppressive capacities using herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-specific effector T (T(eff)) cells induced during ocular infection. The expression of CD4, CD25, CTLA4, GITR, and Foxp3 was examined by reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis in CD45(+) pan-leukocytes isolated from conjunctiva, spleen, and peripheral blood monocyte cells (PBMC) of HSV-1-infected and uninfected rabbits. Normal conjunctiva showed a higher frequency of CD4(+) CD25((Bright+)) T cells than did spleen and PBMC. These cells expressed high levels of Foxp3, GITR, and CTLA4 molecules. CD4(+) CD25((Bright+)) T cells were localized continuously along the upper and lower palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, throughout the epithelium and substantia propria. Conjunctiva-derived CD4(+) CD25((Bright+)) T cells, but not CD4(+) CD25((low)) T cells, efficiently suppressed HSV-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T(eff) cells. The CD4(+) CD25((Bright+)) T-cell-mediated suppression was effective on both peripheral blood and conjunctiva infiltrating T(eff) cells and was cell-cell contact dependent but independent of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor beta. Interestingly, during an ocular herpes infection, there was a selective increase in the frequency and suppressive capacity of Foxp3(+) CD4(+) CD25((Bright+)) T cells in conjunctiva but not in the spleen or in peripheral blood. Altogether, these results provide the first evidence that functional Foxp3(+) CD4(+) CD25((Bright+)) T(reg) cells accumulate in the conjunctiva. It remains to be determined whether conjunctiva CD4(+) CD25(+) nT(reg) cells affect the topical/mucosal delivery of subunit vaccines that stimulate the ocular mucosal immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B Nesburn
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, The Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4375, USA
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Chentoufi AA, Zhang X, Lamberth K, Zhu X, Dasgupta G, Wu M, Nguyen A, Bettahi I, Buus S, BenMohamed L. Human CD8+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes Identified from Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein D. Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2007.03.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
MDM2 is an oncogene that mainly functions to modulate p53 tumor suppressor activity. In normal cells the MDM2 protein binds to the p53 protein and maintains p53 at low levels by increasing its susceptibility to proteolysis by the 26S proteosome. Immediately after the application of cellular stress, the ability of MDM2 to bind to p53 is blocked or altered in a fashion that prevents MDM2-mediated degradation. As a result, p53 levels rise, causing cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. In this review, we present evidence for the existence of three highly conserved regions (CRs) shared by MDM2 proteins and MDMX proteins of different species. These highly conserved regions encompass residues 42-94 (CR1), 301-329 (CR2), and 444-483 (CR3) on human MDM2. These three domains are respectively important for binding p53, for binding the retinoblastoma protein, and for transferring ubiquitin to p53. This review discusses the major milestones uncovered in MDM2 research during the past 12 years and potential uses of this knowledge in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Momand
- California State University at Los Angeles, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 90032, USA.
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Li JR, Chou CK, McDougall JA, Dasgupta G, Wu HH, Ren RL, Lee A, Han J, Momand J. TP53 Tumor Suppressor Protein in Normal Human Fibroblasts Does Not Respond to 837 MHz Microwave Exposure. Radiat Res 1999. [DOI: 10.2307/3580210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Li JR, Chou CK, McDougall JA, Dasgupta G, Wu HH, Ren RL, Lee A, Han J, Momand J. TP53 tumor suppressor protein in normal human fibroblasts does not respond to 837 MHz microwave exposure. Radiat Res 1999; 151:710-6. [PMID: 10360791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The TP53 tumor suppressor protein (formerly known as p53) responds to a wide variety of environmental insults. To evaluate the safety of cellular telephones, TP53 responses in human fibroblast cells were studied after exposure to 837 MHz microwaves. Cells were exposed in a temperature-controlled transverse electromagnetic (TEM) chamber to a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.9 or 9.0 W/kg at 837 MHz continuous-wave (CW) microwave irradiation for 2 h. The TP53 protein levels were measured by Western blot at 2, 8, 24 and 48 h after treatment. The TP53 protein levels in microwave-treated cells, sham-treated cells, and untreated cells remained unchanged relative to each other at all times tested (Fisher test and Student-Newman-Keuls test, P > 0.05). No morphological alterations were observed in microwave-treated cells compared to sham-treated cells. We conclude that TP53 protein expression levels in cultured human fibroblast cells do not change significantly during a 48-h period after exposure to 837 MHz continuous microwaves for 2 h at SAR levels of 0.9 or 9.0 W/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Li
- Department of Radiation Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010, USA
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Abstract
p53 is a tumor suppressor protein that acts in the nucleus to effect cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In some cells p53 is located in the cytoplasm, perhaps as a means of downregulating its activity. We recently showed that hsp90 forms a complex with the cytoplasmically localized mutant p53 (TSp53vall35) within transformed cells (Sepehrnia et al., J. Biol. Chem. 271, 15084, 1996). The present study was undertaken to determine the p53 conformation bound to hsp90 and the role of hsp90 in p53 nuclear translocation. We show that hsp90 binds both a native and a denatured form of p53 as determined by conformation-specific antibodies. hsp90 does not bind p53 in a spatial-specific manner because it remains bound to p53 when induced to translocate to the nucleus by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX). Treatment of transformed cells with geldanamycin (GA), a small molecule that binds hsp90, causes a rapid destabilization of p53 by 50%. Residual p53 that survives GA treatment is incapable of translocating to the nucleus. GA does not destabilize p53 in cells where p53 is genotypically wild type. Although GA appears to dramatically alter the translocating properties of mutant p53 it does not dissociate the p53-hsp90 complex. We suggest that a second chaperone protein, called p23, which we show also binds p53, may play an important role in these GA-mediated effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dasgupta
- Department of Cell and Tumor Biology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010-3000, USA
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Sepehrnia B, Paz IB, Dasgupta G, Momand J. Heat shock protein 84 forms a complex with mutant p53 protein predominantly within a cytoplasmic compartment of the cell. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:15084-90. [PMID: 8663025 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.25.15084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular DNA damage results in the increased expression and accumulation of the p53 tumor suppressor protein within the nucleus which leads to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. In some cases, however, wild-type p53 and some mutant forms of p53 reside in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. To understand the mechanism responsible for its cytoplasmic retention, studies were undertaken to determine if unique proteins form a complex with mutant p53 within the cytoplasm of transformed cells. One protein, with an apparent molecular mass of 92 kDa (p92), was observed to form a complex with a temperature-sensitive mutant p53 (TSp53(Val-135)) in the cytoplasm of transformed rat embryo fibroblasts at the non-permissive temperature. p92 copurified with TSp53(Val-135) on a p53-specific immunoaffinity column and a gel filtration column. The protein was purified to homogeneity and identified as hsp84 by partial amino acid sequence analysis. hsp84 is a member of the hsp90 class of proteins. At the non-permissive temperature, TSp53(Val-135) and hsp84 colocalized in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope. At the permissive temperature, TSp53(Val-135) resides in the nucleus and expresses a "wild-type like" conformation. Under these conditions hsp84 continued to reside in the cytoplasm and little or no hsp84 formed a complex with p53. The results suggest that hsp84 binds mutant p53 in a spatial and/or conformation dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sepehrnia
- Department of Cell and Tumor Biology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010-0269, USA
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McAlarney ME, Dasgupta G, Moss ML, Moss-Salentijn L. Anatomical macroelements in the study of craniofacial rat growth. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 1992; 12:3-12. [PMID: 1572938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In order to avoid the arbitrary division of biological structures, rational polynomial interpolants are utilized to study growth. The major advantage of this method is the elimination of artificial internal element boundaries through anatomical structures. Since the boundary element methodology is employed in the finite element setting, other benefits, without additional computer coding, include the ability to use elements with any number of sides and reference frame invariance. Longitudinal landmark coordinates from midsagittal X-ray tracings of 22 albino female rat skulls of various ages were averaged. The skull was partitioned into three macroelements: a neural skull and two functionally distinct portions of the facial skull--olfactory and respiratory. The digital computer programming was carried out in the computer mathematics environment of Mathematica. Maximum elongation ratios were calculated for approximately 400 interior points. The elongation ratios in the neural skull compared well with previously documented growth behavior of internal brain structures. The calculated ratios from the facial skull were used to analyze the behavior of macroelement interpolation close to common anatomical boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E McAlarney
- School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Columbia University, NY, NY 10032
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Bhattacharya SK, Das N, Dasgupta G. Central modulation of croton oil induced subacute inflammation in rats. Indian J Exp Biol 1990; 28:683-5. [PMID: 1980265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Earlier studies from this laboratory have indicated that CNS exerts a modulatory influence over acute inflammation in rats. The present study examines the existence of a similar modulatory effect of CNS on a subacute inflammatory paradigm, the croton oil-induced granuloma pouch in rats. The inflammatory exudate, collected on 6th day after croton oil administration, was found to be substantially less in intracerebroventricular (icv) cannulated and artificial cerebrospinal fluid administered rats as compared to their uncannulated saline (ip) administered counterparts. This effect may be due to stress induced by cannulation. Centrally administered pharmacological agents which attenuate central monoaminergic, cholinergic or prostaglandin systems had insignificant effects on the inflammatory exudate. However, induced increase in central noradrenergic activity was found to attenuate the inflammation when the treatment was done before, but not 48 hr after, the induction of the inflammation. In contrast, induced increase in central serotonergic activity had no effect on the volume of the inflammatory exudate at either time period. Steady state levels of rat brain noradrenaline and serotonin, but not dopamine, were enhanced by the inflammatory procedure. However, these effects may be attributed to the stress induced by croton oil inflammation. The investigation indicates that the modulatory influence of CNS remains limited to the acute phase of inflammation, being exerted mainly by the central noradrenergic system. Once the inflammation has progressed, this modulatory influence of CNS is no longer apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Bhattacharya SK, Dasgupta G, Sen AP. Prostaglandins modulate central serotonergic neurotransmission. Indian J Exp Biol 1989; 27:393-8. [PMID: 2557278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Khanna PN, Biswas G, Saha SC, Sanyal BC, Dasgupta G. Brucellosis--a case report with epidemiological findings. Indian J Public Health 1981; 25:76-8. [PMID: 7338412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Dennis AJ, Hudson JB, Humphries AL, Dasgupta G, Wray CH. Nitroglycerin as a remedy for peripheral vascular insufficiency associated with oxalosis. Ann Intern Med 1980; 92:799-800. [PMID: 6770732 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-92-6-799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Dasgupta G, Deodhare SG. Chemodectoma of the soft palate. Int Surg 1977; 62:366-7. [PMID: 197042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Dasgupta G, Das PB. Diagnostic difficulties in cardinoma of oesophagus. Indian J Cancer 1976; 13:310-3. [PMID: 1022676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
A case of primary amyloidosis of the trachea in a 40-year-old female is described. It appeared clinically as a tumour-like lesion in the trachea. The specificity of amyloid deposits was confirmed by a positive reaction to Congo red stained sections viewed under polarised light and Thioflavine--T stained section showing characteristic fluorescence. Excision of the lesion with a split thickness graft was the mode of treatment.
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Dasgupta G, Chopra P, Sood VP. Pseudosarcoma of larynx. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1974. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03047570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Dasgupta G. Congenital abnormalities in the ossicular chain in routine tympanotomy operation. Eye Ear Nose Throat Mon 1974; 53:362-7. [PMID: 4412595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abrol BM, Dasgupta G. Stylalgia. J Indian Med Assoc 1973; 60:254-5. [PMID: 4732624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Dasgupta G, Abrol BM. Normal threshold of taste among Indians. Indian J Med Res 1971; 59:1154-62. [PMID: 5161559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Dasgupta G, Abrol BM. Evaluation of electrogustometry as a prognostic index in Bell's palsy. Neurol India 1971; 19:20-6. [PMID: 5088066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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