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Karaky M, Boucher G, Mola S, Foisy S, Beauchamp C, Rivard ME, Burnette M, Gosselin H, Bitton A, Charron G, Goyette P, Rioux JD. Prostaglandins and calprotectin are genetically and functionally linked to the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010189. [PMID: 36155972 PMCID: PMC9536535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified and validated more than 200 genomic loci associated with the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), although for most the causal gene remains unknown. Given the importance of myeloid cells in IBD pathogenesis, the current study aimed to uncover the role of genes within IBD genetic loci that are endogenously expressed in this cell lineage.
Methods
The open reading frames (ORF) of 42 genes from IBD-associated loci were expressed via lentiviral transfer in the THP-1 model of human monocytes and the impact of each of these on the cell’s transcriptome was analyzed using a RNA sequencing-based approach. We used a combination of genetic and pharmacologic approaches to validate our findings in the THP-1 line with further validation in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived-monocytes.
Results
This functional genomics screen provided evidence that genes in four IBD GWAS loci (PTGIR, ZBTB40, SLC39A11 and NFKB1) are involved in controlling S100A8 and S100A9 genes expression, which encode the two subunits of calprotectin (CP). We demonstrated that increasing PTGIR expression and/or stimulating PTGIR signaling resulted in increased CP expression in THP-1.
This was further validated in hiPSC-derived monocytes. Conversely, knocking-down PTGIR endogenous expression and/or inhibiting PTGIR signaling led to decreased CP expression. These analyses were extended to the known IBD gene PTGER4, whereby its specific agonist also led to increased CP expression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the PTGIR and PTGER4 mediated control of CP expression was dependent on signaling via adenylate cyclase and STAT3. Finally, we demonstrated that LPS-mediated increases in CP expression could be potentiated by agonists of PTGIR and PTGER4, and diminished by their antagonists.
Conclusion
Our results support a causal role for the PTGIR, PTGER4, ZBTB40, SLC39A11 and NFKB1 genes in IBD, with all five genes regulating the expression of CP in myeloid cells, as well as potential roles for the prostacyclin/prostaglandin biogenesis and signaling pathways in IBD susceptibility and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Karaky
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Saraï Mola
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Foisy
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Marie-Eve Rivard
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Melanie Burnette
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hugues Gosselin
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - iGenoMed Consortium
- A complete list of members and their affiliations can be found at the end of the manuscript
| | - Alain Bitton
- McGill University Health Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guy Charron
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Goyette
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John D. Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Ntunzwenimana JC, Boucher G, Paquette J, Gosselin H, Alikashani A, Morin N, Beauchamp C, Thauvette L, Rivard MÈ, Dupuis F, Deschênes S, Foisy S, Latour F, Lavallée G, Daly MJ, Xavier RJ, Charron G, Goyette P, Rioux JD. Functional screen of inflammatory bowel disease genes reveals key epithelial functions. Genome Med 2021; 13:181. [PMID: 34758847 PMCID: PMC8582123 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00996-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic studies have been tremendously successful in identifying genomic regions associated with a wide variety of phenotypes, although the success of these studies in identifying causal genes, their variants, and their functional impacts has been more limited. METHODS We identified 145 genes from IBD-associated genomic loci having endogenous expression within the intestinal epithelial cell compartment. We evaluated the impact of lentiviral transfer of the open reading frame (ORF) of these IBD genes into the HT-29 intestinal epithelial cell line via transcriptomic analyses. By comparing the genes in which expression was modulated by each ORF, as well as the functions enriched within these gene lists, we identified ORFs with shared impacts and their putative disease-relevant biological functions. RESULTS Analysis of the transcriptomic data for cell lines expressing the ORFs for known causal genes such as HNF4a, IFIH1, and SMAD3 identified functions consistent with what is already known for these genes. These analyses also identified two major clusters of genes: Cluster 1 contained the known IBD causal genes IFIH1, SBNO2, NFKB1, and NOD2, as well as genes from other IBD loci (ZFP36L1, IRF1, GIGYF1, OTUD3, AIRE and PITX1), whereas Cluster 2 contained the known causal gene KSR1 and implicated DUSP16 from another IBD locus. Our analyses highlight how multiple IBD gene candidates can impact on epithelial structure and function, including the protection of the mucosa from intestinal microbiota, and demonstrate that DUSP16 acts a regulator of MAPK activity and contributes to mucosal defense, in part via its regulation of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, involved in the protection of the intestinal mucosa from enteric microbiota. CONCLUSIONS This functional screen, based on expressing IBD genes within an appropriate cellular context, in this instance intestinal epithelial cells, resulted in changes to the cell's transcriptome that are relevant to their endogenous biological function(s). This not only helped in identifying likely causal genes within genetic loci but also provided insight into their biological functions. Furthermore, this work has highlighted the central role of intestinal epithelial cells in IBD pathophysiology, providing a scientific rationale for a drug development strategy that targets epithelial functions in addition to the current therapies targeting immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Carol Ntunzwenimana
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Boucher
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Paquette
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hugues Gosselin
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Azadeh Alikashani
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Morin
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claudine Beauchamp
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louise Thauvette
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Rivard
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frédérique Dupuis
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sonia Deschênes
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Foisy
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Latour
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Lavallée
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark J Daly
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Guy Charron
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Goyette
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John D Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, 5000 rue Bélanger, S-6201, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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3
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Marsit S, Hénault M, Charron G, Fijarczyk A, Landry CR. The neutral rate of whole-genome duplication varies among yeast species and their hybrids. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3126. [PMID: 34035259 PMCID: PMC8149824 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23231-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization and polyploidization are powerful mechanisms of speciation. Hybrid speciation often coincides with whole-genome duplication (WGD) in eukaryotes. This suggests that WGD may allow hybrids to thrive by increasing fitness, restoring fertility and/or increasing access to adaptive mutations. Alternatively, it has been suggested that hybridization itself may trigger WGD. Testing these models requires quantifying the rate of WGD in hybrids without the confounding effect of natural selection. Here we show, by measuring the spontaneous rate of WGD of more than 1300 yeast crosses evolved under relaxed selection, that some genotypes or combinations of genotypes are more prone to WGD, including some hybrids between closely related species. We also find that higher WGD rate correlates with higher genomic instability and that WGD increases fertility and genetic variability. These results provide evidence that hybridization itself can promote WGD, which in turn facilitates the evolution of hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marsit
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Regroupement Québécois de Recherche sur la Fonction, l'Ingénierie et les Applications des Protéines, (PROTEO), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Département de biochimie, microbiologie et bio-informatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - M Hénault
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Regroupement Québécois de Recherche sur la Fonction, l'Ingénierie et les Applications des Protéines, (PROTEO), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de biochimie, microbiologie et bio-informatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - G Charron
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Regroupement Québécois de Recherche sur la Fonction, l'Ingénierie et les Applications des Protéines, (PROTEO), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - A Fijarczyk
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Regroupement Québécois de Recherche sur la Fonction, l'Ingénierie et les Applications des Protéines, (PROTEO), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de biochimie, microbiologie et bio-informatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - C R Landry
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Regroupement Québécois de Recherche sur la Fonction, l'Ingénierie et les Applications des Protéines, (PROTEO), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Département de biochimie, microbiologie et bio-informatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Carboni A, Gelabert A, Charron G, Faucher S, Lespes G, Sivry Y, Benedetti MF. Mobility and transformation of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in soil: Role of the capping ligands and ageing effect. Chemosphere 2020; 254:126868. [PMID: 32348924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increasing application of Quantum Dots (QDs) is cause of concern for the potential negative effects for the ecosystem, especially in soils that may act as a sink. In this study, soil leaching experiments were performed in quartz sand packed columns to investigate the behavior of core-shell CdSe/ZnS QDs coated with either small ligands (TGA-QDs) or more complex polymers (POAMA-QDs). Fluorescence emission was compared to mass spectrometric measurements to assess the nanoparticles (NPs) state in both the leachate (transported species) and porous media (deposited amounts). Although both QDs were strongly retained in the column, large differences were observed depending on their capping ligand stability. Specifically, for TGA-QDs elution was negligible and the retained fraction accumulated in the top-columns. Furthermore, 74% of the NPs were degraded and 38% of the Se was found in the leachate in non-NPs state. Conversely, POAMA-QDs were recovered to a larger extent (78.1%), and displayed a higher transport along the soil profile. Further experiments with altered NPs showed that homo-aggregation of the QDs prior injection determined a reduced mobility but no significant changes in their stability. Eventually, ageing of the NPs in the column (15 days) caused the disruption of up to 92% of the original QDs and the immobilization of NPs and metals. These results indicate that QDs will accumulate in top-soils, where transformations phenomena will determine the overall transport, persistency and degradation of these chemicals. Once accumulated, they may act as a source for potentially toxic Cd and Se metal species displaying enhanced mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carboni
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche et d'Enseignement de Géosciences de l'Environnement, Technopole Environnement Arbois-Mediterranee, BP80, 13545, Aix-en-Provence Cedex 04, Aix-en-Provence, France.
| | - A Gelabert
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - G Charron
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Univ. Paris Diderot, 75013, Paris, France
| | - S Faucher
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053, Pau, France
| | - G Lespes
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Y Sivry
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - M F Benedetti
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France
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5
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Supiandi NI, Charron G, Tharaud M, Benedetti MF, Sivry Y. Tracing multi-isotopically labelled CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in biological media. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2866. [PMID: 32071375 PMCID: PMC7028726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59206-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The strengths and limits of isotopically labelled Engineered Nanoparticles (spiked ENPs) spread in biological media have been assessed. Multi-spiked CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs), measuring 7 nm and coated with thioglycolic acid (TGA), were synthesized and enriched in 68Zn, 77Se and 111Cd. These QDs were dispersed at very low concentrations (0.1 to 5000 ppt) in diverse biological matrices (synthetic saliva, synthetic urine, plasma and Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline - DPBS growth medium) and the isotopic compositions were determined by HR-ICP-MS. The initial QDs concentrations were calculated to assess the limit of quantification (QD-LOQ) according to the matrix and the isotopically enriched element. The obtained results demonstrated the advantages of the isotopic labelling method in order to work at very low concentrations: the QD-LOQ values for the spiked Zn, Cd and Se originated from the QDs were 10, 0.3 and 6 ppt, respectively, which is below the conventional LOQ of the HR-ICP-MS used (30, 3 and 60 ppt for Zn, Cd and Se, respectively). Conversely, in complex matrices such as saliva, urine, plasma and DPBS growth medium, the QD-LOQ values increased significantly, with values ranging from 16 to 32 ppt for Cd, 446 to 10598 ppt for Zn and 1618 to 8317 ppt for Se. These QD-LOQs are dependent on factors as the elemental background concentration already present in the matrices, and the dilution factor. In this study, the QD-LOQs are expressed for the first time with respect to the background concentration in biological media (QD-RLOQ), which can be used to better assess and then predict the efficiency of the spiking method.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Izyan Supiandi
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ. Paris Diderot, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-7, 5005, Paris, France
| | - G Charron
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université Paris Diderot, 75013, Paris, France
| | - M Tharaud
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ. Paris Diderot, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-7, 5005, Paris, France
| | - M F Benedetti
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ. Paris Diderot, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-7, 5005, Paris, France
| | - Y Sivry
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Univ. Paris Diderot, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-7, 5005, Paris, France.
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6
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Supiandi NI, Charron G, Tharaud M, Cordier L, Guigner JM, Benedetti MF, Sivry Y. Isotopically Labeled Nanoparticles at Relevant Concentrations: How Low Can We Go? The Case of CdSe/ZnS QDs in Surface Waters. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:2586-2594. [PMID: 30703329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Analytical barriers impose work at nanoparticles (NPs) concentrations orders of magnitude higher than the expected NPs concentrations in the environment. To overcome these limitations, the use of nontraditional stable isotope tracers incorporated in NPs (spiked-NPs) coupled with HR-ICP-MS has been proposed. The performance and efficiency of this analytical method was assessed in the case of quantum dots (QDs). Multi-isotopically labeled 111Cd77Se/68ZnS QDs were synthesized and their dissemination in natural aquatic matrices (river, estuarine and sea waters) was modeled at very low concentrations (from 0.1 to 5000 ppt). The QD limits of quantification (QD-LOQ) in each matrix were calculated according to the isotopic tracer. In ultrapure and simple medium (HNO3 2%), Zn, Cd, and Se originated from the QDs were quantifiable at concentrations of 10, 0.3, and 6 ppt, respectively, which are lower than the conventional HR-ICP-MS LOQs. In aquatic matrices, the QD-LOQs increase 10-, 130-, and 250-fold for Zn, Cd, and Se, respectively, but remain relevant of environmental concentrations (3.4 ppt ≤ QD-LOQs ≤ 2.5 ppb). These results validate the use of isotopically labeled ENPs at relevant concentrations in experimental studies related to either their fate, behavior, or toxicity in most aquatic matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul I Supiandi
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Université Paris Diderot , UMR 7154, CNRS , F-75005 Paris , France
| | - G Charron
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 , Université Paris Diderot , Sorbonne Paris Cité , 75013 Paris , France
| | - M Tharaud
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Université Paris Diderot , UMR 7154, CNRS , F-75005 Paris , France
| | - L Cordier
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Université Paris Diderot , UMR 7154, CNRS , F-75005 Paris , France
| | - J-M Guigner
- Institut de Minéralogie , de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC) , 75005 Paris , France
| | - M F Benedetti
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Université Paris Diderot , UMR 7154, CNRS , F-75005 Paris , France
| | - Y Sivry
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Université Paris Diderot , UMR 7154, CNRS , F-75005 Paris , France
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7
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Mohanan V, Nakata T, Desch AN, Lévesque C, Boroughs A, Guzman G, Cao Z, Creasey E, Yao J, Boucher G, Charron G, Bhan AK, Schenone M, Carr SA, Reinecker HC, Daly MJ, Rioux JD, Lassen KG, Xavier RJ. C1orf106 is a colitis risk gene that regulates stability of epithelial adherens junctions. Science 2018; 359:1161-1166. [PMID: 29420262 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan0814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in C1orf106 are associated with increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the function of C1orf106 and the consequences of disease-associated polymorphisms are unknown. Here we demonstrate that C1orf106 regulates adherens junction stability by regulating the degradation of cytohesin-1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that controls activation of ARF6. By limiting cytohesin-1-dependent ARF6 activation, C1orf106 stabilizes adherens junctions. Consistent with this model, C1orf106-/- mice exhibit defects in the intestinal epithelial cell barrier, a phenotype observed in IBD patients that confers increased susceptibility to intestinal pathogens. Furthermore, the IBD risk variant increases C1orf106 ubiquitination and turnover with consequent functional impairments. These findings delineate a mechanism by which a genetic polymorphism fine-tunes intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and elucidate a fundamental mechanism of cellular junctional control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Mohanan
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Toru Nakata
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - A Nicole Desch
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Chloé Lévesque
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Angela Boroughs
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Gaelen Guzman
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Zhifang Cao
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Elizabeth Creasey
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Junmei Yao
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Gabrielle Boucher
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Guy Charron
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Atul K Bhan
- Pathology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Monica Schenone
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hans-Christian Reinecker
- Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - John D Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Kara G Lassen
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. .,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. .,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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8
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Cuillerier A, Honarmand S, Cadete VJJ, Ruiz M, Forest A, Deschênes S, Beauchamp C, Charron G, Rioux JD, Des Rosiers C, Shoubridge EA, Burelle Y. Loss of hepatic LRPPRC alters mitochondrial bioenergetics, regulation of permeability transition and trans-membrane ROS diffusion. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:3186-3201. [PMID: 28575497 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The French-Canadian variant of Leigh Syndrome (LSFC) is an autosomal recessive oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) disorder caused by a mutation in LRPPRC, coding for a protein involved in the stability of mitochondrially-encoded mRNAs. Low levels of LRPPRC are present in all patient tissues, but result in a disproportionately severe OXPHOS defect in the brain and liver, leading to unpredictable subacute metabolic crises. To investigate the impact of the OXPHOS defect in the liver, we analyzed the mitochondrial phenotype in mice harboring an hepatocyte-specific inactivation of Lrpprc. Loss of LRPPRC in the liver caused a generalized growth delay, and typical histological features of mitochondrial hepatopathy. At the molecular level, LRPPRC deficiency caused destabilization of polyadenylated mitochondrial mRNAs, altered mitochondrial ultrastructure, and a severe complex IV (CIV) and ATP synthase (CV) assembly defect. The impact of LRPPRC deficiency was not limited to OXPHOS, but also included impairment of long-chain fatty acid oxidation, a striking dysregulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, and an unsuspected alteration of trans-membrane H2O2 diffusion, which was traced to the ATP synthase assembly defect, and to changes in the lipid composition of mitochondrial membranes. This study underscores the value of mitochondria phenotyping to uncover complex and unexpected mechanisms contributing to the pathophysiology of mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shamisa Honarmand
- Department of Human Genetics, Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | | | - Matthieu Ruiz
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Anik Forest
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Sonia Deschênes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | | | | | - Guy Charron
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - John D Rioux
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Eric A Shoubridge
- Department of Human Genetics, Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Yan Burelle
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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9
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Nguyen NTA, Charron G, Blais D, Roberge D. Turn down the noise—a blinded evaluation of iterative image reconstruction in radiation therapy computed tomography simulation. Pract Radiat Oncol 2015; 5:e393-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Quiniou C, Domínguez-Punaro M, Cloutier F, Erfani A, Ennaciri J, Sivanesan D, Sanchez M, Chognard G, Hou X, Rivera JC, Beauchamp C, Charron G, Vilquin M, Kuchroo V, Michnick S, Rioux JD, Lesage S, Chemtob S. Specific targeting of the IL-23 receptor, using a novel small peptide noncompetitive antagonist, decreases the inflammatory response. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2014; 307:R1216-30. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00540.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
IL-23 is part of the IL-12 family of cytokines and is composed of the p19 subunit specific to IL-23 and the p40 subunit shared with IL-12. IL-23 specifically contributes to the inflammatory process of multiple chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorders, including psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. So far, one antibody targeting the shared p40 subunit of IL-12 and IL-23, Ustekinumab, is approved clinically to treat psoriasis. However, there are no treatments inhibiting specifically the IL-23 proinflammatory response. We have developed small IL-23R-specific antagonists by designing all D-peptides arising from flexible regions of IL-23R. Of these peptides, we selected 2305 (teeeqqly), since in addition to its soluble properties, it inhibited IL-23-induced STAT3 phosphorylation in spleen cells. Peptide 2305 specifically binds to IL-23R/IL-12Rβ1-expressing HEK-293 cells and not to cells devoid of the receptor. Peptide 2305 showed functional selectivity by modulating IL-23-induced gene expression in IL-23R/IL-12Rβ1-expressing cells and in Jurkat cells; 2305 does not inhibit IL-12-induced cytokine expression in IL-12Rβ-IL-12Rβ2-HEK-293 cells. Finally, compared with anti-p40 treatment, 2305 effectively and selectively inhibits IL-23-induced inflammation in three in vivo mouse models: IL-23-induced ear inflammation, anti-CD40-induced systemic inflammatory response, and collagen-induced arthritis. We, hereby, describe the discovery and characterization of a potent IL-23R small-peptide modulator, 2305 (teeeqqly), that is effective in vivo. 2305 may be more convenient, less cumbersome, less costly, and most importantly, more specific than current biologics for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, and conceivably complement the actual therapies for these chronic and debilitating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Quiniou
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Frank Cloutier
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Atefeh Erfani
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jamila Ennaciri
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Durgajini Sivanesan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mélanie Sanchez
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Gaëlle Chognard
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Research Center, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Xin Hou
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Marie Vilquin
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Research Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vijay Kuchroo
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Stephen Michnick
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - John D. Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Research Center, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montréal, Canada
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11
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Nguyen N, Charron G, Roberge D. Blinded Evaluation of Sinogram Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction in Radiation Therapy Planning Images. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Chognard G, Bellemare L, Pelletier AN, Dominguez-Punaro MC, Beauchamp C, Guyon MJ, Charron G, Morin N, Sivanesan D, Kuchroo V, Xavier R, Michnick SW, Chemtob S, Rioux JD, Lesage S. The dichotomous pattern of IL-12r and IL-23R expression elucidates the role of IL-12 and IL-23 in inflammation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89092. [PMID: 24586521 PMCID: PMC3931659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-12 and IL-23 cytokines respectively drive Th1 and Th17 type responses. Yet, little is known regarding the biology of these receptors. As the IL-12 and IL-23 receptors share a common subunit, it has been assumed that these receptors are co-expressed. Surprisingly, we find that the expression of each of these receptors is restricted to specific cell types, in both mouse and human. Indeed, although IL-12Rβ2 is expressed by NK cells and a subset of γδ T cells, the expression of IL-23R is restricted to specific T cell subsets, a small number of B cells and innate lymphoid cells. By exploiting an IL-12- and IL-23-dependent mouse model of innate inflammation, we demonstrate an intricate interplay between IL-12Rβ2 NK cells and IL-23R innate lymphoid cells with respectively dominant roles in the regulation of systemic versus local inflammatory responses. Together, these findings support an unforeseen lineage-specific dichotomy in the in vivo role of both the IL-12 and IL-23 pathways in pathological inflammatory states, which may allow more accurate dissection of the roles of these receptors in chronic inflammatory diseases in humans.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cytokines/blood
- DNA Primers/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Flow Cytometry
- Histological Techniques
- Humans
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Interleukin-12/immunology
- Interleukin-12/metabolism
- Interleukin-23/immunology
- Interleukin-23/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Mice
- Models, Immunological
- Receptors, Interleukin/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin-12/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-12/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Statistics, Nonparametric
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Chognard
- Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lisa Bellemare
- Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Adam-Nicolas Pelletier
- Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Marie-Josée Guyon
- Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Guy Charron
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Morin
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Durga Sivanesan
- Département de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vijay Kuchroo
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ramnik Xavier
- Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology, and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - John D. Rioux
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Médicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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13
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Labbé C, Boucher G, Foisy S, Alikashani A, Nkwimi H, David G, Beaudoin M, Goyette P, Charron G, Xavier RJ, Rioux JD. Genome-wide expression profiling implicates a MAST3-regulated gene set in colonic mucosal inflammation of ulcerative colitis patients. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012; 18:1072-80. [PMID: 21994190 PMCID: PMC3269563 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) presumably caused by dysregulated immune responses to the gut microbiota. Genetic association studies have implicated dozens of chromosomal regions or loci in IBD susceptibility. The next challenge is to explain the individual role of each of these modest effect loci in the disease state. We have previously identified MAST3 as an IBD susceptibility gene through genetic fine-mapping of the 19p linkage region. Testing MAST3 in a reporter assay provided preliminary evidence that MAST3 modulates the activity of inflammation-related transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B. METHODS Here we characterized the function of MAST3 through an examination of the influence of the modulation of MAST3 expression on endogenous genome-wide expression patterns. More specifically, we looked at differential gene expression resulting from overexpression and knockdown of the MAST3 gene in epithelial and macrophage cell lines. From we highlight a group of genes whose expression is modulated by MAST3 and correlate their expression with NF-jB activity. Their expression was found to be enriched in inflamed mucosal tissue of UC patients, confirming the importance of these genes in IBD. RESULTS We highlight a group of genes whose expression is modulated by MAST3 and correlate their expression with NF-κB activity. Their expression was found to be enriched in inflamed mucosal tissue of UC patients, confirming the importance of these genes in IBD. These MAST3-regulated genes are central to mucosal immune responses. Among them are proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., CCL20, IL8), regulators of NF-κB (e.g., TNFAIP3, LY96, NFKBIA), genes involved in interferon-induced defense against pathogen invasion (e.g., IFIT1, ISG15), and genes involved in cell adhesion and/or migration (e.g., CD44, TMOD1). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results confirm MAST3 as a modulator of the inflammatory response through regulation of immune gene expression in the gut of IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Labbé
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada
| | | | - Sylvain Foisy
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada
| | | | - Herbert Nkwimi
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada
| | - Geneviève David
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada
| | | | | | - Guy Charron
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada
| | - Ramnik J. Xavier
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John D. Rioux
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada
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14
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Gélinas R, Thompson-Legault J, Bouchard B, Daneault C, Mansour A, Gillis MA, Charron G, Gavino V, Labarthe F, Des Rosiers C. Prolonged QT interval and lipid alterations beyond β-oxidation in very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase null mouse hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 301:H813-23. [PMID: 21685264 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01275.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency frequently present cardiomyopathy and heartbeat disorders. However, the underlying factors, which may be of cardiac or extra cardiac origins, remain to be elucidated. In this study, we tested for metabolic and functional alterations in the heart from 3- and 7-mo-old VLCAD null mice and their littermate counterparts, using validated experimental paradigms, namely, 1) ex vivo perfusion in working mode, with concomitant evaluation of myocardial contractility and metabolic fluxes using (13)C-labeled substrates under various conditions; as well as 2) in vivo targeted lipidomics, gene expression analysis as well as electrocardiogram monitoring by telemetry in mice fed various diets. Unexpectedly, when perfused ex vivo, working VLCAD null mouse hearts maintained values similar to those of the controls for functional parameters and for the contribution of exogenous palmitate to β-oxidation (energy production), even at high palmitate concentration (1 mM) and increased energy demand (with 1 μM epinephrine) or after fasting. However, in vivo, these hearts displayed a prolonged rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval under all conditions examined, as well as the following lipid alterations: 1) age- and condition-dependent accumulation of triglycerides, and 2) 20% lower docosahexaenoic acid (an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid) in membrane phospholipids. The latter was independent of liver but affected by feeding a diet enriched in saturated fat (exacerbated) or fish oil (attenuated). Our finding of a longer QTc interval in VLCAD null mice appears to be most relevant given that such condition increases the risk of sudden cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roselle Gélinas
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Lavoie V, Kernaleguen AE, Charron G, Farhat N, Cossette M, Mamarbachi AM, Allen BG, Rhéaume E, Tardif JC. Functional effects of adiponectin on endothelial progenitor cells. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2011; 19:722-8. [PMID: 20814418 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2010.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipokine whose plasma levels are inversely correlated to metabolic syndrome components. Adiponectin protects against atherosclerosis and decreases risks in myocardial infarction. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a heterogeneous population of circulating cells involved in vascular repair and neovascularization. EPCs number is reduced in patients with cardiovascular disease. We hypothesize that the positive effects of adiponectin against atherosclerosis are explained in part by its interactions with EPCs. Cells were obtained from healthy volunteers' blood by mononuclear cell isolation and plating on collagen-coated dishes. Three sub-populations of EPCs were identified and characterized using flow cytometry. EPCs' expression of adiponectin receptors, AdipoR1, and AdipoR2 was evaluated by quantitative PCR. The effects of recombinant adiponectin on EPCs' susceptibility to apoptosis were assessed. Finally, expression of neutrophil elastase by EPCs and activity of this enzyme on adiponectin processing were assessed. Quantitative PCR analysis of EPCs mRNAs showed that AdipoR1 mRNA is expressed at higher levels than AdipoR2. Expression of AdipoR1 protein was confirmed by western blot. Adiponectin significantly increased survival of two sub-populations of EPCs in conditions of serum deprivation. Such effect could not be demonstrated in the third EPCs sub-population. We also demonstrated that EPCs, particularly one sub-population, express neutrophil elastase. Neutrophil elastase activity was confirmed in EPCs' conditioned media. Adiponectin protects some EPCs sub-populations against apoptosis and therefore could modulate EPCs ability to induce repair of vascular damage. Neutrophil elastase activity of EPCs could locally modulate adiponectin activity by its involvement in the generation of the globular form of adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Lavoie
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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16
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Gélinas R, Bouchard B, Thompson‐Legault J, Robillard‐Frayne I, Charron G, Labarthe F, Des Rosiers C. Unexpected metabolic alterations in VLCAD (very long chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase) deficient mouse hearts. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.506.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roselle Gélinas
- NutritionMontreal Heart Institute, Université de MontréalMontrealQCCanada
| | - Bertrand Bouchard
- NutritionMontreal Heart Institute, Université de MontréalMontrealQCCanada
| | | | | | - Guy Charron
- NutritionMontreal Heart Institute, Université de MontréalMontrealQCCanada
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17
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Gélinas R, Bouchard B, McDuff J, Charron G, Labarthe F, Des Rosiers C. Impaired anaplerosis in VLCAD (very long chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase) deficient mouse hearts. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.506.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roselle Gélinas
- NutritionMontreal Heart Institute, Université de MontréalMontrealQCCanada
| | - Bertrand Bouchard
- NutritionMontreal Heart Institute, Université de MontréalMontrealQCCanada
| | - Janie McDuff
- NutritionMontreal Heart Institute, Université de MontréalMontrealQCCanada
| | - Guy Charron
- NutritionMontreal Heart Institute, Université de MontréalMontrealQCCanada
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18
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Lauzier B, Labarthe F, Bouchard B, McDuff J, Gélinas R, Foisy S, Charron G, Des Rosiers C. Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR) Display Alterations in Carbohydrate Metabolism And Function At An Early Age. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.506.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Janie McDuff
- Institut de Cardiologie de MontréalMontrealQCCanada
| | | | | | - Guy Charron
- Institut de Cardiologie de MontréalMontrealQCCanada
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19
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20
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Gélinas R, Labarthe F, Bouchard B, Mc Duff J, Charron G, Young ME, Des Rosiers C. Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism and its regulation in PPARalpha null mouse hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 294:H1571-80. [PMID: 18223187 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01340.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although a shift from fatty acids (FAs) to carbohydrates (CHOs) is considered beneficial for the diseased heart, it is unclear why subjects with FA beta-oxidation defects are prone to cardiac decompensation under stress conditions. The present study investigated potential alterations in the myocardial utilization of CHOs for energy production and anaplerosis in 12-wk-old peroxisome proliferator-activating receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) null mice (a model of FA beta-oxidation defects). Carbon-13 methodology was used to assess substrate flux through energy-yielding pathways in hearts perfused ex vivo at two workloads with a physiological substrate mixture mimicking the fed state, and real-time RT-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to document the expression of selected metabolic genes. When compared with that from control C57BL/6 mice, isolated working hearts from PPARalpha null mice displayed an impaired capacity to withstand a rise in preload (mimicking an increased venous return as it occurs during exercise) as reflected by a 20% decline in the aortic flow rate. At the metabolic level, beyond the expected shift from FA (5-fold down) to CHO (1.5-fold up; P < 0.001) at both preloads, PPARalpha null hearts also displayed 1) a significantly greater contribution of exogenous lactate and glucose and/or glycogen (2-fold up) to endogenous pyruvate formation, whereas that of exogenous pyruvate remained unchanged and 2) marginal alterations in citric acid cycle-related parameters. The lactate production rate was the only measured parameter that was affected differently by preloads in control and PPARalpha null mouse hearts, suggesting a restricted reserve for the latter hearts to enhance glycolysis when the energy demand is increased. Alterations in the expression of some glycolysis-related genes suggest potential mechanisms involved in this defective CHO metabolism. Collectively, our data highlight the importance of metabolic alterations in CHO metabolism associated with FA oxidation defects as a factor that may predispose the heart to decompensation under stress conditions even in the fed state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roselle Gélinas
- Montreal Heart Inst. Research Center, 5350, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
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21
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Gélinas R, Bouchard B, McDuff J, Charron G, Des Rosiers C. Metabolic alterations beyond fatty acid oxidation in PPAR alpha null mice hearts: Effect of workload and fasting. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2007.03.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Gélinas R, Bouchard B, McDuff J, Charron G, Rosiers CD. Metabolic alterations beyond fatty acid oxidation defects in PPARα null mice hearts. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roselle Gélinas
- NutritionMontreal Heart InstituteUniversity of Montreal5000, BélangerMontréalH1T 1C8Canada
| | - Bertrand Bouchard
- NutritionMontreal Heart InstituteUniversity of Montreal5000, BélangerMontréalH1T 1C8Canada
| | - Janie McDuff
- NutritionMontreal Heart InstituteUniversity of Montreal5000, BélangerMontréalH1T 1C8Canada
| | - Guy Charron
- NutritionMontreal Heart InstituteUniversity of Montreal5000, BélangerMontréalH1T 1C8Canada
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- NutritionMontreal Heart InstituteUniversity of Montreal5000, BélangerMontréalH1T 1C8Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Charron
- a Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128, succersale A, Montréal , Québec , H3C 3J7 , Canada
| | - Tucker Carrington
- a Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128, succersale A, Montréal , Québec , H3C 3J7 , Canada
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Benderdour M, Charron G, Comte B, Ayoub R, Beaudry D, Foisy S, Deblois D, Des Rosiers C. Decreased cardiac mitochondrial NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase activity and expression: a marker of oxidative stress in hypertrophy development. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004; 287:H2122-31. [PMID: 15271667 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00378.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction subsequent to increased oxidative stress and alterations in energy metabolism is considered to play a role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and its progression to failure, although the sequence of events remains to be elucidated. This study aimed at characterizing the impact of hypertrophy development on the activity and expression of mitochondrial NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase (mNADP+-ICDH), a metabolic enzyme that controls redox and energy status. We expanded on our previous finding of its inactivation through posttranslational modification by the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) in 7-wk-old spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) hearts before hypertrophy development (Benderdour et al. J Biol Chem 278: 45154-45159, 2003). In this study, we used 7-, 15-, and 30-wk-old SHR and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with abdominal aortic coarctation. Compared with age-matched control Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, SHR hearts showed a significant 25% decrease of mNADP+-ICDH activity, which preceded in time 1) the decline in its protein and mRNA expression levels (between 10% and 35%) and 2) the increase in hypertrophy markers. The chronic and persistent loss of mNADP+-ICDH activity in SHR was associated with enhanced tissue accumulation of HNE-mNADP+-ICDH and total HNE-protein adducts at all ages and contrasted with the profile of changes in the activity of other mitochondrial enzymes involved in antioxidant or energy metabolism. Two-way ANOVA of the data also revealed a significant effect of age on most parameters measured in SHR and WKY hearts. The mNADP+-ICDH activity, protein, and mRNA expression were reduced between 25% and 35% in coarctated SD rats and were normalized by treatment of SHR or coarctated SD rats with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, which prevented or attenuated hypertrophy. Altogether, our data show that cardiac mNADP+-ICDH activity and expression are differentially and sequentially affected in hypertrophy development and, to a lesser extent, with aging. Decreased cardiac mNADP+-ICDH activity, which is attributed at least in part to HNE adduct formation, appears to be a relevant early and persistent marker of mitochondrial oxidative stress-related alterations in hypertrophy development. Potentially, this could also contribute to the aetiology of cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Benderdour
- Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8
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Benderdour M, Charron G, DeBlois D, Comte B, Des Rosiers C. Cardiac mitochondrial NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase is inactivated through 4-hydroxynonenal adduct formation: an event that precedes hypertrophy development. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:45154-9. [PMID: 12960146 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m306285200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase activity is crucial for cardiomyocyte energy and redox status, but much remains to be learned about its role and regulation. We obtained data in spontaneously hypertensive rat hearts that indicated a partial inactivation of this enzyme before hypertrophy development. We tested the hypothesis that cardiac mitochondrial NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase is a target for modification by the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal, an aldehyde that reacts readily with protein sulfhydryl and amino groups. This hypothesis is supported by the following in vitro and in vivo evidence. In isolated rat heart mitochondria, enzyme inactivation occurred within a few minutes upon incubation with 4-hydroxynonenal and was paralleled by 4-hydroxynonenal/NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase adduct formation. Enzyme inactivation was prevented by the addition of its substrate isocitrate or a thiol, cysteine or glutathione, suggesting that 4-hydroxynonenal binds to a cysteine residue near the substrate's binding site. Using an immunoprecipitation approach, we demonstrated the formation of 4-hydroxynonenal/NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase adducts in the heart and their increased level (210%) in 7-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats compared with control Wistar Kyoto rats. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that mitochondrial NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase is a target for inactivation by 4-hydroxynonenal binding. Furthermore, the pathophysiological significance of our finding is supported by in vivo evidence. Taken altogether, our results have implications that extend beyond mitochondrial NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase. Indeed, they emphasize the implication of post-translational modifications of mitochondrial metabolic enzymes by 4-hydroxynonenal in the early oxidative stress-related pathophysiological events linked to cardiac hypertrophy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Benderdour
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Charron G, Furlan V, Bernier-Cardou M, Doyon G. Response of onion plants to arbuscular mycorrhizae : 2. Effects of nitrogen fertilization on biomass and bulb firmness. Mycorrhiza 2001. [PMID: 24595434 DOI: 10.1007/s005720100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The effects of N fertilization on growth and root colonization of preinoculated onion (Allium cepa L. cv. Improved Autumn Spice) were studied. Onion transplants, inoculated with either Glomus intraradices, G. versiforme or nothing at sowing, were grown under three levels of N in soils which had either been irradiated, irradiated and amended with nonmycorrhizal microflora, or not irradiated. Interactions between inoculation and soil treatment had a significant effect on dry biomass and final bulb diameter. Control plants cultivated in non-irradiated natural soil grew normally because of the presence of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizae, but control plants in irradiated soils were stunted. There was no such difference among inoculated plants. In non-irradiated natural soil, bulbs of onions inoculated with G. intraradices or G. versiforme were significantly firmer than bulbs of control plants. Bulb firmness decreased as N fertilization level increased. In non-irradiated natural soil, tissue P concentration of onion plants preinoculated with either fungus was significantly higher than that of control plants. In all soil types, N, P, and Zn concentrations were higher in onion plants colonized by G. versiforme than in those colonized by G. intraradices. The opposite was true of Mn tissue concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Charron
- DREPA, 555 boulevard Roland-Therrien, Longueuil, Québec, J4H 3Y9 Canada , Canada
| | - V Furlan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, ECORC - K.W. Neatby 2057, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6 Canada, Canada
| | - M Bernier-Cardou
- Natural Resources Canada, 1055 rue du P.E.P.S., C.P. 3800, Sainte-Foy, Québec, G1V 4C7 Canada, Canada
| | - G Doyon
- Food Research and Development Centre, 3600 boulevard Casavant Ouest, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, J2S 8E3 Canada, Canada
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Charron G, Furlan V, Bernier-Cardou M, Doyon G. Response of onion plants to arbuscular mycorrhizae : 2. Effects of nitrogen fertilization on biomass and bulb firmness. Mycorrhiza 2001; 11:145-150. [PMID: 24595434 DOI: 10.1007/s005720100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2001] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of N fertilization on growth and root colonization of preinoculated onion (Allium cepa L. cv. Improved Autumn Spice) were studied. Onion transplants, inoculated with either Glomus intraradices, G. versiforme or nothing at sowing, were grown under three levels of N in soils which had either been irradiated, irradiated and amended with nonmycorrhizal microflora, or not irradiated. Interactions between inoculation and soil treatment had a significant effect on dry biomass and final bulb diameter. Control plants cultivated in non-irradiated natural soil grew normally because of the presence of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizae, but control plants in irradiated soils were stunted. There was no such difference among inoculated plants. In non-irradiated natural soil, bulbs of onions inoculated with G. intraradices or G. versiforme were significantly firmer than bulbs of control plants. Bulb firmness decreased as N fertilization level increased. In non-irradiated natural soil, tissue P concentration of onion plants preinoculated with either fungus was significantly higher than that of control plants. In all soil types, N, P, and Zn concentrations were higher in onion plants colonized by G. versiforme than in those colonized by G. intraradices. The opposite was true of Mn tissue concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Charron
- DREPA, 555 boulevard Roland-Therrien, Longueuil, Québec, J4H 3Y9 Canada , Canada
| | - V Furlan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, ECORC - K.W. Neatby 2057, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6 Canada, Canada
| | - M Bernier-Cardou
- Natural Resources Canada, 1055 rue du P.E.P.S., C.P. 3800, Sainte-Foy, Québec, G1V 4C7 Canada, Canada
| | - G Doyon
- Food Research and Development Centre, 3600 boulevard Casavant Ouest, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, J2S 8E3 Canada, Canada
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Michaud J, Fajardo R, Charron G, Sauvageau A, Berrada F, Ramla D, Dilhuydy H, Robitaille Y, Kessous-Elbaz A. Neuropathology of NFHgp160 transgenic mice expressing HIV-1 env protein in neurons. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2001; 60:574-87. [PMID: 11398834 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/60.6.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiopathology of HIV-1 dementia remains largely hypothetical. Although several sets of evidence point towards an indirect multicellular inflammatory pathway, gp120, one of the HIV-1 env products, was shown to be very cytotoxic for neurons in vitro. To explore a direct pathway in the physiopathology of dementia in AIDS, we developed transgenic mouse models carrying the HIV-1 env proteins gp 120 and gp 41 (gp 160) under the control of the human light neurofilament and murine heavy neurofilament promoters. To date, this is the first mouse model in which the HIV-1 env protein can be detected in neurons by immunohistochemistry. The expression is found in several brainstem and spinal cord gray structures and in the cerebellum in one of the mouse lines bearing the NFHgp160 transgene. The morphological findings at 3 months are subtle and are dominated by a watery, dendritic degeneration and a reactive gliosis. At 12 months, the evidence of neuronal degeneration and loss is present along with various degenerative phenomena involving synapses, dendrites and axons, including axonal swellings. Cytoskeletal abnormalities were found by immunohistochemistry. Chronic inflammation was also observed in the leptomeninges of the spinal cord and brainstem and in the cerebellar white matter. These models thus offer an exciting sequence of morphological findings initiated by the neuronal expression of the HIV-1 env proteins and offer a different tool to explore the neuronal dysfunction in AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michaud
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, University of Montreal, Canada
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Martin-Negrier M, Charron G, Bloch B. Agonist stimulation provokes dendritic and axonal dopamine D(1) receptor redistribution in primary cultures of striatal neurons. Neuroscience 2000; 99:257-66. [PMID: 10938431 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(00)00187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of neurotransmitter on G-protein-coupled receptor trafficking and compartimentalization in neurons, we have developed a model of primary neuronal cultures from fetal rat striatum on which we have studied the cellular and subcellular distribution and trafficking of the D(1) dopaminergic receptor. This receptor is known to be somatodendritic and axonal targeted in vivo, mostly to extrasynaptic locations. Immunohistochemical studies at the light and electron microscopic levels showed that, in cultures, the D(1) dopaminergic receptor is expressed in the absence of dopamine stimulation. The pattern of D(1) dopaminergic receptor immunostaining after stimulation by the D(1) dopaminergic receptor agonist SKF 82958 (1 microM) is dramatically modified with a decrease of the number of labeled D(1) dopaminergic receptor puncta (-40%) and an increase of their size in both dendrites (+120%) and axons (+240%). Seven hours after removal of the agonist, return to normal pattern was observed. The D(1) dopaminergic receptor antagonist SCH 23390 (2 microM) abolishes the effect of SKF 82958. Electron microscopy demonstrated, in dendrites, a translocation of the labeling from the plasma membrane to endosomes. Axonal D(1) dopaminergic receptor redistribution after acute stimulation indicates that the D(1) dopaminergic receptor is membrane targeted and responsive to stimulation. These results validate primary culture of striatal neurons to study subcellular localization and intraneuronal trafficking of G-protein-coupled receptors. This preparation will be useful to address various questions concerning the behavior and the trafficking of these receptors in neurons in relation to the neurotransmitter environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martin-Negrier
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5541, Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, Universite V. Segalen-Bordeaux II, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Cedex, Bordeaux, France.
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Cassy S, Charlier M, Bélair L, Guillomot M, Charron G, Bloch B, Djiane J. Developmental expression and localization of the prolactin receptor (PRL-R) gene in ewe mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation: estimation of the ratio of the two forms of PRL-R messenger ribonucleic acid. Biol Reprod 1998; 58:1290-6. [PMID: 9603266 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod58.5.1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have analyzed the developmental expression of the prolactin receptor (PRL-R) gene in the ewe mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation. Using Northern and slot-blot analysis and in situ hybridization, we showed that the level of PRL-R mRNA in mammary epithelial cells increased during the second half of pregnancy, decreased at the end of pregnancy, and remained relatively stable during lactation with a level above that observed at the beginning of pregnancy. As shown by RNase protection assay, the ratio of the long to the short form of the PRL-R mRNA was always above 1. This ratio increased between Day 70 of pregnancy and term and decreased progressively during lactation. The high level of PRL-R mRNA before the induction of alphaS1-casein gene expression suggests that PRL may be involved in the growth and development of the mammary gland. More precisely, the increase of the ratio of the long to the short form of the PRL-R during lactogenesis suggests that the latter form may have a dominant negative action in the activation of milk protein gene transcription. Thus the long/short-form ratio of the PRL-R may play a key role in the shift between growth and differentiation of the mammary gland.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/physiology
- Immunoblotting
- In Situ Hybridization
- Lactation/genetics
- Lactation/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/growth & development
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy, Animal/genetics
- Pregnancy, Animal/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Prolactin/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Prolactin/genetics
- Ribonucleases/metabolism
- Sheep
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cassy
- Unité d'Endocrinologie moléculaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Brana C, Aubert I, Charron G, Pellevoisin C, Bloch B. Ontogeny of the striatal neurons expressing the D2 dopamine receptor in humans: an in situ hybridization and receptor-binding study. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 1997; 48:389-400. [PMID: 9332736 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(97)00114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
D2 dopamine receptor (D2R) gene expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization and D2R ligand autoradiography in the human striatum during ontogeny. D2R mRNA and ([3H]YM-09151-2)-binding sites were detected in the striatum from week 12 of fetal life. At this time, D2R mRNA and binding sites were predominant in the putamen and occurred in a pattern of clusters. D2R-binding sites displayed a similar pattern. The signal in the caudate nucleus was weak from weeks 12 to 16. From week 20 of fetal life, D2R mRNA and D2R-binding sites signals became intense in the ventral striatum. At birth, D2R mRNA became homogeneously distributed while D2R-binding sites kept an heterogeneously distribution. Comparative topological and temporal analysis of the D2R, enkephalin and D1 dopamine receptor (D1R) mRNAs showed a distinct developmental pattern for each mRNA. Before birth, the neurons expressing enkephalin and D1R mRNAs were preferentially distributed in the matrix and in the striosomes, respectively, while the neurons expressing D2R mRNA did not display a preferential localization. At birth, high levels of enkephalin mRNA were restricted to the matrix; D1R mRNA level was homogeneous throughout the striatum. D2R mRNA was heterogeneously distributed in the whole striatum with high signals located both in the striosomes and the matrix. These results demonstrate that functional D2R are expressed as early as week 12 in the striatum with a heterogeneous distribution. Our findings also demonstrate that, in contrast to what was expected from similar studies in rodents, D2R mRNA and enkephalin mRNA do not display identical, overlapping expression patterns in striatal neurons during human ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brana
- UMR 5541, Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, Université V. Segalen Bordeaux II, France
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Garret M, Bascles L, Boue-Grabot E, Sartor P, Charron G, Bloch B, Margolskee RF. An mRNA encoding a putative GABA-gated chloride channel is expressed in the human cardiac conduction system. J Neurochem 1997; 68:1382-9. [PMID: 9084408 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68041382.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
GABA-gated chloride channels are the main inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the CNS. Conserved domains among members of previously described GABAA receptor subunits were used to design degenerate sense and antisense oligonucleotides. A PCR product from this amplification was used to isolate a full-length cDNA. The predicted protein has many of the features shared by other members of the ligand-gated ion channel family. This channel subunit has significant amino acid identity (25-40%) with members of GABAA and GABAC receptor subunits and thus may represent a new subfamily of the GABA receptor channel. Although we cannot rule out that this clone encodes a receptor for an unidentified ligand, it was termed GABA chi. This gene is mainly expressed in placenta and in heart; however, placenta appears to express only an unspliced mRNA. In situ hybridization reveals that the GABA chi subunit mRNA is present in the electrical conduction system of the human heart. Our results suggest that novel GABA receptors expressed outside of the CNS may regulate cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garret
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Université de Bordeaux 2, France
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Abstract
We studied D1 dopamine receptor (D1R) gene expression in the human striatum during ontogeny by in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and D1R ligand autoradiography. D1R mRNA, protein, and binding sites ([3H]SCH 23390) were detected in the striatum from week 12 of fetal life. At this time, D1R mRNA was predominant in the striosomal neurons; D1R immunoreactivity (D1R-IR) and D1R binding sites displayed a pattern similar to D1R mRNA. D1R-IR was essentially present in striosomal cell bodies and neuropil, whereas only a few cell bodies were detected in the matrix. From week 20 of fetal life, D1R gene expression developed in the matrix neurons as well, thus leading to an even D1R mRNA expression throughout striosomes and matrix compartments at birth. Comparative analysis of the expression of D1R and dynorphin mRNA show the same developmental patchy pattern up to week 26. Indeed, neurons expressing the D1R gene contain dynorphin mRNA; in contrast, they do not express the preproenkephalin A gene. At birth, the pattern of D1R mRNA expression level was sharply different from that of dynorphin (DYN) gene expression. High DYN mRNA expression was restricted to the striosomes, whereas high D1R mRNA expression was present in the whole striatum. These results demonstrate that, during human ontogeny, functional D1 receptors are expressed as early as week 12 in the striatum, developing initially in the striosomal neurons containing high dynorphin mRNA content. Toward the end of fetal life, there is a dissociation between D1R and DYN expression levels, suggesting that neuroanatomical or neurochemical modifications occur at this period, which may contribute to the regulation of the tone of the striatal D1R and DYN gene with topological specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brana
- UMR CNRS 5541-Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, Université de Bordeaux II, France
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Abstract
To define DNA regions involved in the neuron-specific expression of the neurofilament light (NF-L) gene, we generated transgenic mice bearing different NF-L constructs. A 4.9-kilobase human NF-L fragment including -292 base pairs of 5'-flanking sequences contained sufficient elements for nervous system expression in transgenic mice. Deletion of introns 1 and 2 from this 4.9-kilobase DNA fragment resulted in reduced levels of transgene expression in the cortex, while deletion of intron 3 had little effect. Both introns 1 and 2 could act independently as enhancers to confer neuronal expression of the basal heat shock promoter (hsp68) fused to lacZ in transgenic mice. The hNF-L basal promoter (-292 base pairs) was found to contain elements for directing neuronal expression of either the lacZ reporter gene or an intronless hNF-L construct. Sequence comparison revealed that intron 1, intron 2, and the basal human NF-L promoter all contain an ETS-like motif, CAGGA, present in a variety of genes expressed in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Charron
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal General Hospital Research Institute, Quebec, Canada
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Charron G, Julien JP, Bibor-Hardy V. Neuron specificity of the neurofilament light promoter in transgenic mice requires the presence of DNA unwinding elements. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:25739-45. [PMID: 7592755 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.43.25739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Three reporter genes, the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), the lacZ, and the intronless NF-L DNA, were used to test the activity of the proximal promoter region (-292 bp) of the human neurofilament light (hNF-L) gene in transgenic mice. Surprisingly, the hNF-L/CAT construct was highly sensitive to position effect, and its expression was found at low levels in several tissues of adult transgenic mice (Beaudet, L., Charron, G., Houle, D., Tretjakoff, I. Peterson, A., and Julien, J.-P. (1992) Gene (Amst.) 116, 205-214). In contrast, the hNF-L/lacZ or the hNF-L/intronless constructs were expressed exclusively in the nervous system during embryonic development and in adult animals. The DNA sequences analysis of the different reporter genes revealed the presence of matrix attachment regions (MARs) within the 3'-untranslated regions of all three transgenes. DNA unwinding elements were found within the MARs of lacZ and hNF-L gene constructs but not in the CAT gene construct. When this element was removed from the lacZ construct, expression of the hNF-L/lacZ transgene became susceptible to position effect and was no longer tissue-specific. These results indicate that DNA unwinding elements are essential for position effect independence conferred by MARs to the hNF-L basal promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Charron
- Montreal General Hospital Research Institute, Quebec, Canada
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Dahmane N, Charron G, Lopes C, Yaspo ML, Maunoury C, Decorte L, Sinet PM, Bloch B, Delabar JM. Down syndrome-critical region contains a gene homologous to Drosophila sim expressed during rat and human central nervous system development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92:9191-5. [PMID: 7568099 PMCID: PMC40950 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.20.9191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Many features of Down syndrome might result from the overdosage of only a few genes located in a critical region of chromosome 21. To search for these genes, cosmids mapping in this region were isolated and used for trapping exons. One of the trapped exons obtained has a sequence very similar to part of the Drosophila single-minded (sim) gene, a master regulator of the early development of the fly central nervous system midline. Mapping data indicated that this exonic sequence is only present in the Down syndrome-critical region in the human genome. Hybridization of this exonic sequence with human fetal kidney poly(A)+ RNA revealed two transcripts of 6 and 4.3 kb. In situ hybridization of a probe derived from this exon with human and rat fetuses showed that the corresponding gene is expressed during early fetal life in the central nervous system and in other tissues, including the facial, skull, palate, and vertebra primordia. The expression pattern of this gene suggests that it might be involved in the pathogenesis of some of the morphological features and brain anomalies observed in Down syndrome.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
- Central Nervous System/embryology
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21
- Cosmids
- DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Down Syndrome/genetics
- Drosophila/embryology
- Drosophila/genetics
- Drosophila Proteins
- Embryonic and Fetal Development
- Exons
- Gene Expression
- Genes, Insect
- Genes, Regulator
- Genome, Human
- Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Kidney/embryology
- Kidney/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nuclear Proteins/biosynthesis
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Oligonucleotide Probes
- Organ Specificity
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Sequence Tagged Sites
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dahmane
- Unité de Recherche Associée 1335 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
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Brana C, Charron G, Aubert I, Carles D, Martin-Negrier ML, Trouette H, Fournier MC, Vital C, Bloch B. Ontogeny of the striatal neurons expressing neuropeptide genes in the human fetus and neonate. J Comp Neurol 1995; 360:488-505. [PMID: 8543654 DOI: 10.1002/cne.903600310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The distribution patterns of neurons expressing mRNAs for four neuropeptides in the human striatum were studied during ontogeny by the use of in situ hybridization. The results of our study demonstrate that somatostatin, enkephalin, dynorphin, and substance P mRNAs are present in striatal neuronal populations from week 12 of fetal life. Each neuronal population undergoes a specific differentiation. Neurons containing somatostatin mRNA are scattered throughout the caudate-putamen up until birth. Neurons containing enkephalin, dynorphin, or substance P mRNAs evolve throughout fetal life in relation to caudate-putamen and patch-matrix compartmentalization. Neurons containing enkephalin mRNA (distinct from those containing substance P or dynorphin mRNAs) are present in the matrix from week 12 of fetal life. These neurons are preferentially distributed in the matrix and, at birth, display higher enkephalin mRNA content in the matrix than in the patches. Dynorphin mRNA is found in the caudate and putamen, preferentially in the patch neurons; nevertheless, a low level of dynorphin mRNA is also present in neurons of the caudate matrix. Substance P mRNA is initially restricted to caudate neurons. At birth, both substance P and dynorphin mRNAs are expressed at high levels in the patches. These results demonstrate that each neuropeptide gene is expressed during human fetal life in neurons with a specific topology and pace of development in relation to caudate-putamen and patch-matrix differentiation. These results also contribute evidence that neurochemical evolution of the striatal neuronal populations is not complete at birth in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brana
- EP CNRS 74-Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, Université de Bordeaux II, France
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Simonin F, Gavériaux-Ruff C, Befort K, Matthes H, Lannes B, Micheletti G, Mattéi MG, Charron G, Bloch B, Kieffer B. kappa-Opioid receptor in humans: cDNA and genomic cloning, chromosomal assignment, functional expression, pharmacology, and expression pattern in the central nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92:7006-10. [PMID: 7624359 PMCID: PMC41460 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.15.7006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Using the mouse delta-opioid receptor cDNA as a probe, we have isolated genomic clones encoding the human mu- and kappa-opioid receptor genes. Their organization appears similar to that of the human delta receptor gene, with exon-intron boundaries located after putative transmembrane domains 1 and 4. The kappa gene was mapped at position q11-12 in human chromosome 8. A full-length cDNA encoding the human kappa-opioid receptor has been isolated. The cloned receptor expressed in COS cells presents a typical kappa 1 pharmacological profile and is negatively coupled to adenylate cyclase. The expression of kappa-opioid receptor mRNA in human brain, as estimated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, is consistent with the involvement of kappa-opioid receptors in pain perception, neuroendocrine physiology, affective behavior, and cognition. In situ hybridization studies performed on human fetal spinal cord demonstrate the presence of the transcript specifically in lamina II of the dorsal horn. Some divergences in structural, pharmacological, and anatomical properties are noted between the cloned human and rodent receptors.
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MESH Headings
- Adenylyl Cyclases
- Aged
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Base Sequence
- Central Nervous System/chemistry
- Central Nervous System/physiology
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Exons/genetics
- Genomic Library
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization
- Ligands
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Sequence Data
- RNA, Messenger/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Signal Transduction
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- F Simonin
- Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Parc d'innovation, Boulevard Sébastien Brandt, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
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Beaudet L, Charron G, Houle D, Tretjakoff I, Peterson A, Julien JP. Intragenic regulatory elements contribute to transcriptional control of the neurofilament light gene. Gene 1992; 116:205-14. [PMID: 1634118 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(92)90517-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To date, no DNA regions involved in the neuron-specific expression of the neurofilament light gene (NF-L) have been defined using transfection assays in cultured cells. To identify those regulatory regions in the human NF-L gene, we generated transgenic mice with a construct containing the basal NF-L promoter (-292 to +15) fused to the cat gene and with three DNA fragments of 21.5, 7.6 and 4.9 kb each, including NF-L with different lengths of either 5'- or 3'-flanking sequences. We show that the proximal NF-L 5' region (0.3 kb) constitutes a weak promoter and that it lacks information to confer neural specificity. However, appropriate expression in the nervous system occurred when this minimal promoter was combined with either 7.3 or 4.6 kb of NF-L sequences downstream from the transcription start point. We conclude that the intragenic NF-L region contains cis-acting elements conferring cell-type-specific regulation on the basal activity of the NF-L promoter. Interestingly, AP-2 motifs were found within homologously placed introns of all three NF genes, as well as in the promoter regulatory regions of many neuronal genes. We propose that the acquisition of introns by an ancestral intronless IF gene may have contributed to the emergence of a lineage of IF genes expressed in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Beaudet
- Montreal General Hospital Research Institute, Quebec, Canada
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40
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Abstract
The human neurofilament light (hNF-L) gene yields two major species of mRNAs of 2.4 and 3.8 kilobases (kb) in size. To investigate the origin of these two mRNAs, we have analyzed in transgenic mice the expression of hNF-L DNA fragments including different lengths of 5'-flanking regions. The finding that the 3.8-kb mRNA species is produced by a hNF-L transgene that includes only the proximal promoter region (-0.3 kb) demonstrates that both the 2.4- and 3.8-kb mRNAs are derived from the same site of transcription initiation. Sequencing of the 3' untranslated region of the hNF-L gene revealed the presence of multiple AATAAA polyadenylation signals. We conclude from Northern blotting experiments using probes spanning various regions of the hNF-L gene that the 2.4- and 3.8-kb mRNAs originate from the selective use of polyadenylation signals located 1.4 kb apart.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Beaudet
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada
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Charron G, Souloumiac J, Fournier MC, Canivenc R. Pineal rhythm of N-acetyltransferase activity and melatonin in the male badger, Meles meles L, under natural daylight: relationship with the photoperiod. J Pineal Res 1991; 11:80-5. [PMID: 1757888 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.1991.tb00460.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The rhythmicity of melatonin secretion and of pineal NAT activity was compared in male badger kept in natural daylight during two distinctly different photoperiods (January and June). The hormone and its enzyme follow the same pattern with a nighttime elevation and a low level during the day, demonstrating the presence of a nyctohemeral rhythm. The high correlation found between the NAT activity and the melatonin concentration suggests that NAT is the rate-limiting enzyme in melatonin synthesis in the badger. Peak amplitudes were similar under the two photoperiods. Melatonin secretion occurred in the first part of the night irrespective of the photoperiod. The rhythm of melatonin secretion is modified by the photoperiod. The duration of high nighttime levels varies; it is longer (8 h) when the night is long (16 h) in January, and shorter (6 h) when the night is short (8 h) in June. In the badger, differences in the duration of high level melatonin at night may reflect variations in day length and convey to the animal the photoperiodic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Charron
- Laboratoire d'Endocrinologie Expérimentale (U.F.R. II), Université de Bordeaux II, France
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Bonnin M, Martin B, Charron G, Audy MC, Canivenc R. C21 steroids and transcortin-type protein during delayed implantation in the European badger Meles meles L. J Steroid Biochem 1984; 20:575-80. [PMID: 6708540 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(84)90126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A high-affinity corticosteroid-binding protein (CBG) roughly resembling a transcortin-type protein is present in badger plasma. Plasma CBG, corticosteroid and progesterone (P) concentrations were measured in relation to delayed implantation, true progestation and gestation. Two significant CBG increases were observed during pregnancy. The first, in the second half of embryonic diapause coincides with an increase in plasma corticosteroid concentration and the second, during true progestation and gestation, with an increase in P concentration. Relationship of CBG increases with pregnancy in badger are discussed.
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Bonnin M, Canivenc R, Charron G. [Changes in plasma progesterone levels in the female badger after removal of the pregnant uterus]. C R Seances Acad Sci III 1981; 293:143-5. [PMID: 6794864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In the European badger Meles meles L., the progesterone profile during the gestational phase shows two successive periods. The first, corresponding to implantation could be due to pituitary stimulation and seems not to have any relation with embryos. The second seems to be due to the presence of the placenta. Indeed, after hysterectomy the levels of plasma progesterone are significantly lower.
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Charron G, Charron P. [History of the SERENA team and the thermal symptoms method]. Cah Nurs 1968; 61:239-40. [PMID: 5187380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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