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Lehmann MM, Diao H, Ouyang S, Gessler A. Different responses of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in leaf and tree-ring organic matter to lethal soil drought. Tree Physiol 2024:tpae043. [PMID: 38618738 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition (δ18O, δ2H) of plant tissues are key tools for the reconstruction of hydrological and plant physiological processes and may therefore be used for disentangling reasons of tree mortality. However, how both elements respond to soil drought conditions before death have rarely been investigated. To test this, we performed a greenhouse study and determined predisposing fertilization and lethal soil drought effects on δ18O and δ2H values of organic matter (OM) in leaves and tree rings of living and dead saplings of five European tree species. For mechanistic insights, we additionally measured isotopic (i.e., δ18O and δ2H values of leaf and twig water), physiological (i.e., leaf water potential and gas-exchange) and metabolic traits (i.e., leaf and stem non-structural carbohydrate concentration, C:N ratios). Across all species, lethal soil drought generally caused a homogenous 2H-enrichment in leaf and tree-ring OM, but a low and heterogenous δ18O response in the same tissues. Unlike δ18O values, δ2H values of tree-ring OM were correlated with those of leaf and twig water and with plant physiological traits across treatments and species. The 2H-enrichment in plant OM also went along with a decrease in stem starch concentrations under soil drought compared to well-watered conditions. In contrast, the predisposing fertilization had generally no significant effect on any tested isotopic, physiological, and metabolic traits. We propose that the 2H-enrichment in the dead trees is related to (i) the plant water isotopic composition, (ii) metabolic processes shaping leaf non-structural carbohydrates, (iii) the use of carbon reserves for growth, and (iv) species-specific physiological adjustments. The homogenous stress imprint on δ2H but not on δ18O suggests that the former could be used as a proxy to reconstruct soil droughts and underlying processes of tree mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco M Lehmann
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Haoyu Diao
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Shengnan Ouyang
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Arthur Gessler
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Diao H, Cernusak LA, Saurer M, Gessler A, Siegwolf RTW, Lehmann MM. Uncoupling of stomatal conductance and photosynthesis at high temperatures: mechanistic insights from online stable isotope techniques. New Phytol 2024; 241:2366-2378. [PMID: 38303410 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The strong covariation of temperature and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) in nature limits our understanding of the direct effects of temperature on leaf gas exchange. Stable isotopes in CO2 and H2 O vapour provide mechanistic insight into physiological and biochemical processes during leaf gas exchange. We conducted combined leaf gas exchange and online isotope discrimination measurements on four common European tree species across a leaf temperature range of 5-40°C, while maintaining a constant leaf-to-air VPD (0.8 kPa) without soil water limitation. Above the optimum temperature for photosynthesis (30°C) under the controlled environmental conditions, stomatal conductance (gs ) and net photosynthesis rate (An ) decoupled across all tested species, with gs increasing but An decreasing. During this decoupling, mesophyll conductance (cell wall, plasma membrane and chloroplast membrane conductance) consistently and significantly decreased among species; however, this reduction did not lead to reductions in CO2 concentration at the chloroplast surface and stroma. We question the conventional understanding that diffusional limitations of CO2 contribute to the reduction in photosynthesis at high temperatures. We suggest that stomata and mesophyll membranes could work strategically to facilitate transpiration cooling and CO2 supply, thus alleviating heat stress on leaf photosynthetic function, albeit at the cost of reduced water-use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Diao
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Lucas A Cernusak
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Qld, 4879, Australia
| | - Matthias Saurer
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Arthur Gessler
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Rolf T W Siegwolf
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Marco M Lehmann
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
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Hao H, Wu H, Diao H, Zhang Y, Yang S, Deng S, Li Q, Yan X, Peng M, Qu M, Li X, Xu J, Yang E. A study on the bio-based surfactant sodium cocoyl alaninate as a foaming agent for enhanced oil recovery in high-salt oil reservoirs. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4369-4381. [PMID: 38304559 PMCID: PMC10828935 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07840j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental awareness is receiving increasing attention in the petroleum industry, especially when associated with chemical agents applied in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology. The bio-based surfactant sodium cocoyl alaninate (SCA) is environmentally friendly and can be easily biodegraded, which makes it a promising alternative to traditional surfactants. Herein, the SCA surfactant is proposed as a foaming agent for enhanced oil recovery. Laboratory investigations on the surfactant concentration, foaming performance, microbubble characterization, interfacial tension, and foam-flooding of the traditional surfactants SDS and OP-10 have been conducted. In particular, the anti-salt abilities of these three surfactants have been studied, taking into consideration the reservoir conditions at Bohai Bay Basin, China. The results show that concentrations of 0.20 wt%, 0.20 wt% and 0.50 wt% for SCA, SDS and OP-10, respectively, can achieve optimum foaming ability and foaming stability under formation salinity conditions, and 0.20 wt% SCA achieved the best foaming ability and stability compared to 0.20 wt% SDS and 0.50 wt% OP-10. Sodium fatty acid groups and amino acid groups present in the SCA molecular structure have high surface activities under different salinity conditions, making SCA an excellent anti-salt surfactant for enhanced oil recovery. The microstructure analysis results showed that most of the SCA bubbles were smaller in size, with an average diameter of about 150 μm, and the distribution of SCA bubbles was more uniform, which can reduce the risk of foam coalescence and breakdown. The IFT value of the SCA/oil system was measured to be 0.157 mN m-1 at 101.5 °C, which was the lowest. A lower IFT can make liquid molecules more evenly distributed on the surface, and enhance the elasticity of the foam film. Core-flooding experimental results showed that a 0.30 PV SCA foam and secondary waterflooding can enhance oil recovery by more than 15% after primary waterflooding, which can reduce the mobility ratio from 3.7711 to 1.0211. The more viscous SCA foam caused a greater flow resistance, and effectively reduced the successive water fingering, leading to a more stable driving process to fully displace the remaining oil within the porous media. The bio-based surfactant SCA proposed in this paper has the potential for application in enhanced oil recovery in similar high-salt oil reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Hao
- School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, School of Energy, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China +86 15261180955
| | - Hongze Wu
- School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, School of Energy, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China +86 15261180955
| | - Haoyu Diao
- CNPC Engineering Technology Research and Development Co. Ltd Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, School of Energy, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China +86 15261180955
| | - Shuo Yang
- School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, School of Energy, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China +86 15261180955
| | - Song Deng
- School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, School of Energy, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China +86 15261180955
| | - Qiu Li
- School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, School of Energy, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China +86 15261180955
| | - Xiaopeng Yan
- School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, School of Energy, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China +86 15261180955
| | - Mingguo Peng
- School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, School of Energy, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China +86 15261180955
| | - Ming Qu
- Sanya Offshore Oil & Gas Research Institute, Northeast Petroleum University Sangya 572024 China
| | - Xinyu Li
- China Yangtze Power Co. Ltd Yichang 443000 China
| | - Jiaming Xu
- China Yangtze Power Co. Ltd Yichang 443000 China
| | - Erlong Yang
- School of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University Daqing 163318 China
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Diao H, Wang A, Yuan F, Guan D, Wu J. Autotrophic respiration modulates the carbon isotope composition of soil respiration in a mixed forest. Sci Total Environ 2022; 807:150834. [PMID: 34627921 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon isotopic composition of soil respired CO2 (soil δ13CR) has been regarded as a good indicator of the linkages between aboveground processes and soil respiration. However, whether δ13CR of autotrophic or heterotrophic component of soil respiration dominates the temporal variability of total soil δ13CR was rarely examined by previous studies. In this study, carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric CO2 (δ13Cair) and soil δ13CR in control (with roots) and trenched (without roots) plots were measured in a temperated mixed forest. A 13C isotopic profile system and an automated soil respiration system were used for δ 13Cair and soil δ13CR measurements, respectively. We found that soil δ13CR in the control plots changed substantially in the growing season and it was more negative (by ~0.6‰) than that in the trenched plots, while soil δ13CR in the trenched plots showed a minor temporal variability. This suggests that δ13CR from the autotrophic respiration is the key decider of the seasonal variation pattern of the soil δ13CR. Moreover, the seasonal variation of soil δ13CR in the control plots showed a similar pattern with the seasonal variation of δ13Cair. A significant time-lag was found between δ13Cair and soil δ13CR, showing that soil δ13CR generally lagged behind δ13Cair 15 days. This result supports the hypothesis that soil respiration is closely related to carbon assimilation at the leaf-level and also stressed the importance of δ13Cair in shaping soil δ13CR. These findings are highly valuable to develop the process-based models of the carbon cycle of forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Diao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Anzhi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fenghui Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dexin Guan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiabing Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Diao H, Zheng P, Yu B, He J, Mao X, Yu J, Chen D. Corrigendum to ’Effects of dietary supplementation with benzoic acid on intestinal morphological structure and microflora in weaned piglets’. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Qin R, Shi SS, Niu CL, Li ZJ, Diao H, Zhang RY. [Esophageal submucosal gland duct adenoma: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2021; 50:820-822. [PMID: 34405625 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20201109-00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Qin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University of Shandong, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China
| | - S S Shi
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University of Shandong, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China
| | - C L Niu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University of Shandong, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China
| | - Z J Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University of Shandong, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China
| | - H Diao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University of Shandong, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China
| | - R Y Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University of Shandong, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China
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Diao H, Xiao Y, Yan HL, Yu B, He J, Zheng P, Yu J, Mao XB, Chen DW. Effects of Early Transplantation of the Faecal Microbiota from Tibetan Pigs on the Gut Development of DSS-Challenged Piglets. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:9823969. [PMID: 33532501 PMCID: PMC7837763 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9823969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of early transplantation of the faecal microbiota from Tibetan pigs on the gut development of dextran sulphate sodium- (DSS-) challenged piglets. In total, 24 3-day-old DLY piglets were divided into four groups (n = 6 per group); a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement was used, which included faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) (from Tibetan pigs) and DSS challenge. The whole trial lasted for 55 days. DSS infusion increased the intestinal density, serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, and colonic Escherichia coli count (P < 0.05), and decreased the Lactobacillus spp. count and mRNA abundances of epidermal growth factor (EGF), glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), occludin, mucin 2 (MUC2), regeneration protein IIIγ (RegIIIγ), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the colon (P < 0.05). FMT increased the Lactobacillus spp. count and mRNA abundances of GLP-2, RegIIIγ, and IL-10 in the colon (P < 0.05), and decreased the intestinal density, serum DAO activity, and colonic E. coli number (P < 0.05). In addition, in DSS-challenged piglets, FMT decreased the disease activity index (P < 0.05) and attenuated the effect of DSS challenge on the intestinal density, serum DAO activity, and colonic E. coli number (P < 0.05). These data indicated that the faecal microbiota from Tibetan pigs could attenuate the negative effect of DSS challenge on the gut development of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Diao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, No. 46 Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, No. 7 Niusha Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Y. Xiao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, No. 46 Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - H. L. Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, No. 46 Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - B. Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, No. 46 Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - J. He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, No. 46 Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - P. Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, No. 46 Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - J. Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, No. 46 Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - X. B. Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, No. 46 Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - D. W. Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, No. 46 Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
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Diao H, Jiao AR, Yu B, Mao XB, Chen DW. Gastric infusion of short-chain fatty acids can improve intestinal barrier function in weaned piglets. Genes Nutr 2019; 14:4. [PMID: 30761185 PMCID: PMC6359775 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-019-0626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of gastric infusion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) on gut barrier function in a pig model. In this study, 21 DLY barrows with an average initial body weight of (8.31 ± 0.72) kg were randomly allotted into three treatments: (1) control, (2) infusing low SCFA, S1, (3) infusing high SCFA, S2. The experimental period lasted for 7 days. Results Gastric infusion of SCFA increased the concentrations of SCFA in serum and digesta, and enhanced the mRNA and protein abundances of SCFA receptors in pig intestine (P < 0.05). Moreover, gastric infusion of SCFA led to alteration of intestinal morphology, elevation of intestinal development-related gene abundances, and decrease of apoptotic cell percentage, as well as reduction of pro-apoptosis gene and protein abundances (P < 0.05). Besides, the jejunal SLC7A1 and ileal DMT1 mRNA abundances in the SCFA infusion groups were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, gastric infusion of SCFA increased the mRNA abundances of Occludin and Claudin-1 in the duodenum and ileum, enhanced Lactobacillus spp counts in the ileal digesta, decreased the mRNA and protein abundances of IL-1β in the colon, and reduced Escherichia coli count in the ileal digesta (P < 0.05). Conclusions These data indicated that gastric infusion of SCFA, especially high SCFA concentration, may be beneficial to gut development of piglets via improving gut morphology, decreasing apoptotic cell percentage, and maintaining intestinal barrier function. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12263-019-0626-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Diao
- 1Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, 625014 Sichuan Province People's Republic of China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, Sichuan Province People's Republic of China
| | - A R Jiao
- 1Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, 625014 Sichuan Province People's Republic of China
| | - B Yu
- 1Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, 625014 Sichuan Province People's Republic of China
| | - X B Mao
- 1Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, 625014 Sichuan Province People's Republic of China
| | - D W Chen
- 1Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, 625014 Sichuan Province People's Republic of China
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Diao H, Zhao L, Qin L, Bai W, Wang K, Zhang J, Chen X, Jiang H, Mao L. Lower expression of prestin and MYO7A correlates with menopause-associated hearing loss. Climacteric 2019; 22:361-369. [PMID: 30612476 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1547698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Diao
- Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shi, China
| | - L. Zhao
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Shi, China
| | - L. Qin
- Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing Shi, China
| | - W. Bai
- Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shi, China
| | - K. Wang
- Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing Shi, China
| | - J. Zhang
- Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shi, China
| | - X. Chen
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Shi, China
| | - H. Jiang
- Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing Shi, China
| | - L. Mao
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Shi, China
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Jiao AR, Diao H, Yu B, He J, Yu J, Zheng P, Huang ZQ, Luo YH, Luo JQ, Mao XB, Chen DW. Oral administration of short chain fatty acids could attenuate fat deposition of pigs. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196867. [PMID: 29723298 PMCID: PMC5933768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main products of indigestible carbohydrates that are fermented by microbiota in the hindgut. This study was designed to investigate the effects of oral SCFAs administration on the lipid metabolism of weaned pigs. A total of 21 barrows were randomly allocated into three groups, including control group (orally infused with 200 mL physiological saline per day), low dose SCFAs group (orally infused with 200 mL SCFAs containing acetic acid 20.04 mM, propionic acid 7.71 mM and butyric acid 4.89 mM per day), and high dose SCFAs group (orally infused with 200 mL SCFAs containing acetic acid 40.08 mM, propionic acid 15.42 mM and butyric acid 9.78 mM per day). The results showed that the average daily feed intake of SCFAs groups were lower than that of control group (P<0.05). Oral administration of SCFAs decreased the concentrations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and insulin (P<0.05), and increased the leptin concentration in serum (P<0.05). The total fat, as well as TC and TG levels in liver, was decreased by oral SCFAs administration (P<0.05). In addition, SCFAs down-regulated the mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (P<0.05), and enhanced the mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α (CPT-1α) in liver (P<0.05). SCFAs also decreased FAS, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor σ mRNA expressions in longissimus dorsi (P<0.05). And in abdominal fat, SCFAs reduced FAS and ACC mRNA expressions (P<0.05), and increased CPT-1α mRNA expression (P<0.05). These results suggested that oral administration of SCFAs could attenuate fat deposition in weaned pigs via reducing lipogenesis and enhancing lipolysis of different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Jiao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - H. Diao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - B. Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - P. Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Z. Q. Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Y. H. Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. Q. Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - X. B. Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (XBM); (DWC)
| | - D. W. Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya’an, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (XBM); (DWC)
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Abstract
A cartilage defect has a very limited ability to repair itself spontaneously due to the shortage of blood. Many attempts have been made to restore the integrity of cartilage in clinical and experimental studies. Recently, tissue engineering has emerged as a new protocol for lost tissue regeneration. Meanwhile, the defect-repairing environment can be improved by gene therapy methods. Gene-activated matrices (GAM) fabricated with biomaterials and plasmids fill the cartilage defects to restore the integrity of joint surface, facilitating repair cell adhesion and proliferation as well as the synthesis of extracelluar matrix. And they also serve as a local gene delivery system, inducing therapeutic agent expression at the repair site. In the present study, we fabricated two- and three-dimensional matrices from chitosan and gelatin, then added a plasmid DNA encoding transforming growth factors-β1 (TGF-β1) for cartilage defect regeneration. First, we demonstrated primary chondrocytes could maintain their biological characteristics and secrete therapeutic proteins when they were cultured onto GAM in vitro. Subsequently we inserted three-dimensional GAM into cartilage defects of rabbit knee joints. With the results of the new cartilage tissue formation, we came to the conclusion that GAM was helpful for new tissue production and this therapeutic protocol provided a cheap, simple, and effective method for cartilage defect reparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Guo
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing - China.
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Diao H, Yan H, Xiao Y, Yu B, Zheng P, He J, Yu J, Mao XB, Chen DW. Modulation of intestine development by fecal microbiota transplantation in suckling pigs. RSC Adv 2018; 8:8709-8720. [PMID: 35539874 PMCID: PMC9078615 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11234c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of early fecal microbiota transplantation on gut development in sucking piglets. A total of 24 3 day-old DLY sucking piglets (2.11 ± 0.15) kg were randomly divided into four groups (TMP, YMP, RMP and control group (CON)), which were transplanted with intact fecal microbiota of Tibetan pig (TP), Yorkshire pig (YP), Rongchang pig (RP), and without transplantation, respectively. The whole trial lasted for 56 d. The results are as follows: when compared with the YMP and RMP treatments, TMP and CON had a lower diarrhea index (P < 0.05), TMP and CON had higher GLP-2 and ANG4 mRNA abundances in the ileum (P < 0.05), and the TMP had a higher jejunal villus height: crypt depth and a higher colonic GLP-2 mRNA abundance (P < 0.05). Moreover, when compared with the YMP and RMP treatments, TMP had an enhanced DMT1 mRNA abundance in the duodenum (P < 0.05), TMP and CON had a greater lactase activity and a higher DMT1 mRNA abundance in the jejunum (P < 0.05), and CON had a higher γ-GT activity in the jejunum (P < 0.05). The jejunal Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase activity in TMP was higher than that in CON, and the jejunal Na+, K+-ATPase activity in TMP was higher than that in the other three treatments (P < 0.05). Besides, when compared with the YMP and RMP treatments, TMP had a lower MDA content and a higher MUC1 mRNA abundance in the jejunum (P < 0.05); CON had a higher SOD activity in the jejunum (P < 0.05), whereas TMP and CON had a higher butyric acid concentration in the colon and a lower LPS content in the serum (P < 0.05). Finally, when compared with the TMP treatment, the other three treatments had an enhanced IL-10 mRNA abundance in the colon (P < 0.05), YMP and CON had higher counts of Escherichia coli in the colonic digesta (P < 0.05), and the CON had lower counts of Lactobacillus spp in the cecal and colonic digesta (P < 0.05). These data indicated that early transplantation of the fecal microbiota from the Yorkshire pigs and Rongchang pigs to DLY suckling piglets would destroy the gut microbiota balance and thus damage intestinal health. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of early fecal microbiota transplantation on gut development in sucking piglets.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Diao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
- Ya'an
- People's Republic of China
| | - H. L. Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
- Ya'an
- People's Republic of China
| | - Y. Xiao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
- Ya'an
- People's Republic of China
| | - B. Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
- Ya'an
- People's Republic of China
| | - P. Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
- Ya'an
- People's Republic of China
| | - J. He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
- Ya'an
- People's Republic of China
| | - J. Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
- Ya'an
- People's Republic of China
| | - X. B. Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
- Ya'an
- People's Republic of China
| | - D. W. Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education
- Ya'an
- People's Republic of China
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Li Z, Zhao S, Diao H, Liaw PK, Meyers MA. High-velocity deformation of Al 0.3CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy: Remarkable resistance to shear failure. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42742. [PMID: 28210000 PMCID: PMC5314382 DOI: 10.1038/srep42742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanical behavior of a single phase (fcc) Al0.3CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) was studied in the low and high strain-rate regimes. The combination of multiple strengthening mechanisms such as solid solution hardening, forest dislocation hardening, as well as mechanical twinning leads to a high work hardening rate, which is significantly larger than that for Al and is retained in the dynamic regime. The resistance to shear localization was studied by dynamically-loading hat-shaped specimens to induce forced shear localization. However, no adiabatic shear band could be observed. It is therefore proposed that the excellent strain hardening ability gives rise to remarkable resistance to shear localization, which makes this material an excellent candidate for penetration protection applications such as armors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - S Zhao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - H Diao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - P K Liaw
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - M A Meyers
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
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Diao H, Jiao AR, Yu B, He J, Yu J, Zheng P, Huang ZQ, Luo YH, Luo JQ, Mao XB, Chen D. Stimulation of intestinal growth with distal ileal infusion of short-chain fatty acid: a reevaluation in a pig model. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03730a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
18 barrows with average initial body weight of 30.72 (±1.48) kg fitted with a T-cannula in the terminal ileum were randomly allotted to 3 treatments to determine the underlying mechanisms of the regulation of SCFAs on intestinal development in a pig model.
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Diao H, Yan HL, Xiao Y, Yu B, Yu J, He J, Zheng P, Zeng BH, Wei H, Mao XB, Chen DW. Erratum to: Intestinal microbiota could transfer host Gut characteristics from pigs to mice. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:253. [PMID: 27799052 PMCID: PMC5087118 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0879-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Diao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - H L Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Xiao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - B Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - J Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - J He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - P Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - B H Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - H Wei
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - X B Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, 625014, People's Republic of China.
| | - D W Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Xinkang Road 46#, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, 625014, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Wu Q, Diao H, Yu M, Liu Q, Ji X, Ge Z, Jin T. Signaling pathway activation changes induced by Cd exposure combined with Cx43 silencing in HK-2. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Wu Q, Yu M, Ji X, Diao H, Liu Q. Changes in Cx 43 expressions in Sertolic cell by benzo(a)pyrene exposure. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Cui G, Diao H, Wei Y, Chen J, Gao H, Zuo J, Yang Y, Tang L, Cao H, Chen Y, Li L. Immune influence of pregnancy on human H7N9 infection: a case report. Rev Port Pneumol (2006) 2015; 21:157-62. [PMID: 25926242 DOI: 10.1016/j.rppnen.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION H7N9 infection has raised serious concerns worldwide. Pregnant women were considered to be at a high risk of influenza infection. Normal pregnancy was dependent on T helper (Th) 2 deviation. However, whether pregnancy influences the immune status of influenza H7N9 patients has not been reported. CASE REPORT Here, we reported a case of pregnant woman in the first trimester with H7N9 infection compared with the two non-pregnant female H7N9 patients for clinical features and relevant immunological changes. We found that there were no differences in plasma levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokines between the pregnant and non-pregnant patients, and there was no Th2 deviation in the acute phase. However, the Th2 deviation was recurrent along with the clearance of infection in the H7N9 pregnant patient. CONCLUSION These cases highlighted that the pregnant patient infected with H7N9 could induce an effective Th1 immune response equal to that of non-pregnant patients with H7N9 virus infection, although the pregnancy itself could lead to a Th2 deviation. These data suggested that pregnant patients could acquire a similar antiviral response for H7N9 infection versus non-pregnant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Diao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Y Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Zuo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
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Diao H, Zheng P, Yu B, He J, Mao X, Yu J, Chen D. Effects of dietary supplementation with benzoic acid on intestinal morphological structure and microflora in weaned piglets. Livest Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fei Z, Hu S, Xiao L, Zhou J, Diao H, Yu H, Fang S, Wang Y, Wan Y, Wang W, He Y, Wang C, Xu G, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Fei J. mBin1b transgenic mice show enhanced resistance to epididymal infection by bacteria challenge. Genes Immun 2012; 13:445-51. [DOI: 10.1038/gene.2012.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Brandsma M, Wang X, Diao H, Kohalmi S, Jevnikar A, Ma S. A Proficient Approach to the Production of Therapeutic Glucagon-Like
Peptide-1 (GLP-1) in Transgenic Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2174/1874070700903010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a small peptide hormone with potent insulinotropic activity and represents
a promising new therapeutic tool for the treatment of diabetes. Like many other therapeutic peptides, GLP-1 is commonly
produced using chemical synthesis methods, but is limited by product quantity and cost. The advent of recombinant DNA
technology offers the possibility of producing GLP-1 inexpensively and in vast quantities. In this study, transgenic plants
were used as a recombinant expression platform for the production of GLP-1 as a large multimeric protein. A synthetic
gene encoding ten sequential tandem repeats of GLP-1 sequence (GLP-1x10) was produced and introduced into tobacco
plants. Transcriptional expression of the GLP1x10 gene in transgenic plants was confirmed by RT-PCR. Western blot
analysis showed that the GLP-1x10 protein efficiently accumulated in transgenic plants, with an accumulation level as
high as 0.15% of total soluble protein in leaves. Importantly, insulin secretion assays using a mouse pancreatic β cell line
(MIN6), showed that plant-derived GLP-1 in its synthetic decamer form, retained its ability to stimulate cellular insulin
secretion, although with reduced efficacy. These results demonstrate that transgenic plants are an efficient system for the
production of a multimerized recombinant GLP-1. Moreover, transgenic plants synthesizing high levels of GLP-1x10 may
prove to be an attractive delivery system for direct oral administration of a novel stable GLP-1 analog in the treatment of
patients with Type 2 diabetes.
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Touré FAO, Kane GM, Diop S, Ndiaye DT, Diao H, Diouf L, Diaw G, Thiam D, Moreau JC, Diakhaté L. [Von Willebrand disease and menorrhagia]. Dakar Med 2007; 52:100-105. [PMID: 19102102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Known since over than seventy years, von willebrand disaese is the most common herediary bleeding disorder. This condition was first described by Pr. Willebrand in 1926 in a family with (positive) history of excesive bleeding tendency. Von Willebrand desease is characterized by a lifelong tendency toward easy spontaneous mucosal or post operative bleeding. In females, excessive or prolonged menorrhagia could be a sign of von willebrand desease; symptoms that are often misunderstood to be gynecologic rather than hematologic problem. In the present work, we have tried to screen for this anomaly in females with menorrhagia, following a simple anamnestic, clinical and biological protocol. PATIENTS AND METHOD In a seventeen month study, fifty two procreating females with menorrhagia were recruited in the haematology laboratory of Aristide le Dantec hospital with the cooperation of gynecology and obstetric departements of Aristide Le Dantec, Abass Ndao and grand yoff Hospitals. RESULTS Eight patients were revealed to be von willebrand positive (prevalence: 15%). The diagnosis was retained on the basis of epidemiological, clinical and biological data. CONCLUSION These simple and accessible criteria should allow better handling of patients with hemorragic disorders.
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Abstract
Renal NOS2 is expressed and produces abundant nitric oxide (NO) in various renal cells in response to proinflammatory cytokines. However, the role of this enzyme in renal allograft survival remains unknown. Kidney allotransplantation was performed in the murine model of C57BL/6J (H-2(d)) to nephrectomized Balb/c (H-2(b)) mice. Here we show that deficiency in NOS2 expression in kidney donors significantly advanced allograft failure, indicated by decreasing mean survival of recipients receiving NOS2 null grafts (15.4 +/- 6.4 days) as compared to those with wild type grafts (65.4 +/- 28.1 days) (p = 0.0005). Consistent with survival results, NOS2 null grafts had more severe renal tubule injury and decreased renal function compared to wild type grafts. In vitro NOS2 expressing TEC had greater resistance to allogeneic lymphocyte-mediated apoptosis. The addition of exogenous NO inhibited Fas-mediated TEC apoptosis and reduced proliferation of allogeneic lymphocytes. These data suggest that endogenous production of NO through renal NOS2 activity can play a protective role in kidney grafts through attenuating Fas-mediated donor cell apoptosis as well as by inhibiting proliferation of inflammatory infiltrating lymphocytes. Enhanced donor NOS2 expression may be a useful strategy to improve kidney transplant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Du
- Department of Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Du C, Wang S, Diao H, Guan Q, Zhong R, Jevnikar AM. Increasing resistance of tubular epithelial cells to apoptosis by shRNA therapy ameliorates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Transplant 2006; 6:2256-67. [PMID: 16970799 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01478.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Renal tubular epithelial cells (TEC) die by apoptosis or necrosis in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Fas/Fas ligand-dependent fratricide is critical in TEC apoptosis, and Fas promotes renal IRI. Therefore, targeting Fas or caspase-8 may have therapeutic potential for renal injury in kidney transplant or failure. RNA silencing by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) is a novel strategy to down-regulate protein expression. Using this approach, silencing of Fas or caspase-8 by shRNA to prevent TEC apoptosis and IRI was evaluated. IRI was induced by renal artery clamping for 45 or 60 min at 32 degrees C in uninephrectomized C57BL/6 mice. Here, we showed that Fas or pro-caspase-8 expression was significantly knocked down in TEC by stable expression of shRNA, resulting in resistance to apoptosis induced by superoxide, IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha and anti-Fas antibody. Inferior vena cava delivery of pHEX-small interfering RNA targeting Fas or pro-caspase-8 resulted in protection of kidney from IRI, indicated by reduction of renal tubular injury (necrosis and apoptosis) and serum creatinine or blood urea nitrogen. Our data suggest that shRNA-based therapy targeting Fas and caspase-8 in renal cells can lead to protection of kidney from IRI. Attenuation of pro-apoptotic proteins using genetic manipulation strategies such as shRNA might represent a novel strategy to promote kidney allograft survival from rejection or failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Du
- Department of Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Wu H, Ye D, Diao H, Cai B. [Orthogonal experiment design in the optimization of processing technology for Rhizoma Pinelliae by ginger and alum]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1996; 21:660-3, 703. [PMID: 9812691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Based on the L9(3)1 orthogonal design with the amount of ginger, amount of alum and decocting time as working factors, and using the method of recording comprehensive scores, an experimental study has been made on the optimization of processing technology for Rhizoma Pinelliae by ginger and alum as stipulated in the Pharmacopoeia. The result shows that the best process is to use 15 kg of ginger juice and 8 kg of alum per 100 kg of Pinellia ternata and decoct them together for 2-3 hours till the juice is fully absorbed by Rhizoma Pinelliae.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wu
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy
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Abstract
<p>The goal of holographic particle velocimetry is to infer fluid velocity patterns from images reconstructed from doubly exposed holograms of fluid volumes seeded with small particles. The advantages offered by in-line holography in this context usually make it the method of choice, but seeding densities sufficient to achieve high spatial resolution in the sampling of the velocity fields cause serious degradation, through speckle, of the signal-to-noise ratio in the reconstructed images. The in-line method also leads to a great depth of field in paraxial viewing of reconstructed images, making it essentially impossible to estimate particle depth with useful accuracy. We present here an analysis showing that these limitations can be circumvented by variably scaled correlation, or wavelet transformation. The shift variables of the wavelet transform are provided automatically by the optical correlation methodology. The variable scaling of the wavelet transform derives, in this case, directly from the need to accommodate varying particle depths. To provide such scaling, we use a special optical system incorporating prescribed variability in spacings and focal length of lenses to scan through the range of particle depths.</p><p>Calculation shows, among other benefits, improvement by approximately two orders of magnitude in depth resolution. A much higher signal-to-noise ratio together with faster data extraction and processing should be attainable.</p>
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Zou Y, Diao H, Peng X, Tiziani H. Geometry for contouring by electronic speckle pattern interferometry based on shifting illumination beams. Appl Opt 1992; 31:6616-6621. [PMID: 20733887 DOI: 10.1364/ao.31.006616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
When the method of contouring an object surface by electronic speckle pattern interferometry is based on shifting the illumination beams, the shifted phase of the interference speckle pattern has a new relationship with the depth of the test surface. Therefore the contour interval as well as the fringe sensitivity of this method has new forms. The geometry of such a situation, which differs from that of either the method of two-wavelength contouring or the method of contouring by tilting the test object is presented. The requirements on the experimental conditions for this method are also presented. Experimental results are in agreement with these analyses.
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Zou Y, Diao H, Peng X, Tiziani H. Contouring by electronic speckle pattern interferometry with quadruple-beam illumination. Appl Opt 1992; 31:6599-6602. [PMID: 20733883 DOI: 10.1364/ao.31.006599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a new arrangement for contouring by electronic speckle pattern interferometry with four illumination beams, thereby making it unnecessary to move anything during the.
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