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Nakamura T, Uchiba M, Nakata H, Mizumoto T, Beppu T, Matsushita S. Partial Splenic Embolization in a Patient with Hemophilia A and Severe Thrombocytopenia: A Case Report. Hematol Rep 2024; 16:185-192. [PMID: 38651448 PMCID: PMC11036256 DOI: 10.3390/hematolrep16020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We report a patient with hemophilia A who underwent partial splenic embolization (PSE) for severe thrombocytopenia secondary to portal hypertension-induced splenomegaly, resulting in a stable long-term quality of life. The patient was diagnosed with hemophilia A and unfortunately contracted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) from blood products. He subsequently developed progressive splenomegaly due to portal hypertension from chronic HCV, resulting in severe thrombocytopenia. PSE was performed because he had occasional subcutaneous bleeding and needed to start interferon (IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) treatment for curing his HCV infection at that time. His platelet counts increased, and no serious adverse events were observed. Currently, he continues to receive outpatient treatment, regular factor VIII (FVIII) replacement therapy for hemophilia A, and antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection. Vascular embolization has been reported to be an effective and minimally invasive treatment for bleeding in hemophilia patients. PSE also provided him with a stable quality of life without the side effects of serious infections and thrombocytopenia relapses. We conclude that PSE is a promising therapeutic option for patients with hemophilia A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomofumi Nakamura
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Uchiba
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Cell Therapy, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan;
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan;
| | - Takao Mizumoto
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto 860-0008, Japan;
| | - Toru Beppu
- Department of Surgery, Yamaga City Medical Center, Kumamoto 861-0501, Japan;
| | - Shuzo Matsushita
- Collaborative Research Program for Anti-Viral Agents and Hematological Diseases, Division of Clinical Retrovirology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
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Oda K, Yamaguchi A, Matsumoto N, Nakata H, Higuchi Y, Nosaka K, Jono H, Saito H. Dose Individualization of Cefepime for Febrile Neutropenia in Patients With Lymphoma or Multiple Myeloma: Implications for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Ther Drug Monit 2024; 46:80-88. [PMID: 37735762 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal cefepime dosing is a challenge because of its dose-dependent neurotoxicity. This study aimed to determine individualized cefepime dosing for febrile neutropenia in patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma. METHODS This prospective study enrolled 16 patients receiving cefepime at a dose of 2 g every 12 hours. Unbound concentrations were determined at 0.5 hours, 7.2 hours [at the 60% time point of the 12 hours administration interval (C7.2h)], and 11 hours (trough concentration) after the first infusion (rate: 2 g/h). The primary and secondary end points were the predictive performance of the area under the unbound concentration-time curve (AUC unbound ) and the effect of unbound cefepime pharmacokinetic parameters on clinical response, respectively. RESULTS The mean (SD) AUC unbound was 689.7 (226.6) mcg h/mL, which correlated with C7.2h (R 2 = 0.90), and the Bayesian posterior AUC unbound using only the trough concentration (R 2 = 0.66). Although higher exposure was more likely to show a better clinical response, each parameter did not indicate a statistical significance between positive and negative clinical responses ( P = 0.0907 for creatinine clearance (Ccr), 0.2523 for C7.2h, 0.4079 for trough concentration, and 0.1142 for AUC unbound ). Cutoff values were calculated as 80.2 mL/min for Ccr (sensitivity: 0.889, specificity: 0.714), 18.6 mcg/mL for C7.2h (sensitivity: 0.571, specificity: 1.000), and 9.2 mcg/mL for trough concentration (sensitivity: 0.571, specificity: 1.000). When aiming for a time above 100% the minimum inhibitory concentration, both continuous infusion of 4 g/d and intermittent infusion of 2 g every 8 hours achieved a probability of approximately 100% at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 8 mcg/mL. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic drug monitoring by sampling at C7.2h or trough can facilitate rapid dose optimization. Continuous infusion of 4 g/d was recommended. Intermittent dosing of 2 g every 8 hours was alternatively suggested for patients with a Ccr of 60-90 mL/min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Oda
- Departments of Pharmacy and
- Infection Control, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan; and
| | - Ayami Yamaguchi
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Infection Control, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan; and
| | - Yusuke Higuchi
- Infection Control, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan; and
| | - Kisato Nosaka
- Infection Control, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan; and
| | - Hirofumi Jono
- Departments of Pharmacy and
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saito
- Departments of Pharmacy and
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
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Nakamura T, Okumura M, Takamune N, Hirotsu T, Sugiura M, Yasunaga J, Nakata H. Conversion of raltegravir carrying a 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring to a hydrolysis product upon pH changes decreases its antiviral activity. PNAS Nexus 2024; 3:pgad446. [PMID: 38170115 PMCID: PMC10758923 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Raltegravir (RAL), a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 integrase inhibitor, has been administered as part of antiretroviral therapy. Studies in patients with HIV-1 have shown high variability in the pharmacokinetics of RAL, and in healthy volunteers, coadministration of proton-pump inhibitors has been shown to increase the plasma RAL concentrations. Here, we found that RAL containing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring is converted to a hydrolysis product (H-RAL) with a cleaved 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring at pH 1.0 and 13.0 conditions in vitro, thereby reducing the anti-HIV activity of the drug. The inclusion of cyclodextrins (beta-cyclodextrin [βCD], random methyl-βCD [RAM-βCD], and hydroxypropyl-βCD [HP-βCD]) can protect RAL from pH-induced changes. The conversion of RAL to H-RAL was detected by using various mass spectrometry analyses. The chromatogram of H-RAL increased in a time-dependent manner similar to another 1,3,4-oxadiazole-containing drug, zibotentan, using high-performance liquid chromatography. Oral bioavailability and target protein interactions of H-RAL were predicted to be lower than those of RAL. Moreover, H-RAL exhibited significantly reduced anti-HIV-1 activity, whereas combinations with βCD, RAM-βCD, and HP-βCD attenuated this effect in cell-based assays. These findings suggest that βCDs can potentially protect against the conversion of RAL to H-RAL under acidic conditions in the stomach, thereby preserving the anti-HIV-1 effect of RAL. Although clinical trials are needed for evaluation, we anticipate that protective devices such as βCDs may improve the pharmacokinetics of RAL, leading to better treatment outcomes, including reduced dosing, long-term anti-HIV-1 activity, and deeper HIV-1 suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomofumi Nakamura
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjyo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Honjyo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Mayu Okumura
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjyo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Nobutoki Takamune
- Kumamoto Innovative Development Organization, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0862, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Hirotsu
- CyDing Company Limited, Oehonmachi 5-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Masaharu Sugiura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Ikeda 4-22-1, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yasunaga
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjyo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjyo 1-1-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Tatetsu H, Higuchi Y, Shichijo T, Oda K, Nakata H, Yasunaga JI, Nosaka K, Matsuoka M. Prophylactic effect of tixagevimab-cilgavimab on COVID-19 infection and death in Japanese patients with B cell lymphoma. Int J Hematol 2023; 118:303-305. [PMID: 37380921 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiro Tatetsu
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Higuchi
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takafumi Shichijo
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Oda
- Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichirou Yasunaga
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kisato Nosaka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
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Kotaka S, Adachi S, Fujinaka R, Honda S, Nakata H, Seino Y, Sueno Y, Sumida T, Suzuki J, Tajima O, Takeichi S. Search for Dark Photon Dark Matter in the Mass Range 74-110 μeV with a Cryogenic Millimeter-Wave Receiver. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:071805. [PMID: 36867799 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.071805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We search for the dark photon dark matter (DPDM) using a cryogenic millimeter-wave receiver. DPDM has a kinetic coupling with electromagnetic fields with a coupling constant of χ and is converted into ordinary photons at the surface of a metal plate. We search for signal of this conversion in the frequency range 18-26.5 GHz, which corresponds to the mass range 74-110 μeV/c^{2}. We observed no significant signal excess, allowing us to set an upper bound of χ<(0.3-2.0)×10^{-10} at 95% confidence level. This is the most stringent constraint to date and tighter than cosmological constraints. Improvements from previous studies are obtained by employing a cryogenic optical path and a fast spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kotaka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Adachi
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - R Fujinaka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Honda
- Division of Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - H Nakata
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Seino
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Sueno
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - T Sumida
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - J Suzuki
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - O Tajima
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Takeichi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Nagayoshi Y, Nishiguchi K, Yamamura R, Chujo T, Oshiumi H, Nagata H, Kaneko H, Yamamoto K, Nakata H, Sakakida K, Kunisawa A, Adachi M, Kakizoe Y, Mizobe T, Kuratsu JI, Shimada S, Nakamori Y, Matsuoka M, Mukoyama M, Wei FY, Tomizawa K. t 6A and ms 2t 6A Modified Nucleosides in Serum and Urine as Strong Candidate Biomarkers of COVID-19 Infection and Severity. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091233. [PMID: 36139072 PMCID: PMC9496545 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection alters cellular RNA content. Cellular RNAs are chemically modified and eventually degraded, depositing modified nucleosides into extracellular fluids such as serum and urine. Here we searched for COVID-19-specific changes in modified nucleoside levels contained in serum and urine of 308 COVID-19 patients using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). We found that two modified nucleosides, N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A) and 2-methylthio-N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (ms2t6A), were elevated in serum and urine of COVID-19 patients. Moreover, these levels were associated with symptom severity and decreased upon recovery from COVID-19. In addition, the elevation of similarly modified nucleosides was observed regardless of COVID-19 variants. These findings illuminate specific modified RNA nucleosides in the extracellular fluids as biomarkers for COVID-19 infection and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Nagayoshi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kayo Nishiguchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yamamura
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takeshi Chujo
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oshiumi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nagata
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yamamoto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Korin Sakakida
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | | | - Masataka Adachi
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kakizoe
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | | | | | - Shinya Shimada
- JCHO Kumamoto General Hospital, Kumamoto 866-8660, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakamori
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Osaka 570-8507, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tomizawa
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-96-373-5050
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Oka K, Matsumoto A, Tetsuka N, Morioka H, Iguchi M, Ishiguro N, Nagamori T, Takahashi S, Saito N, Tokuda K, Igari H, Fujikura Y, Kato H, Kanai S, Kusama F, Iwasaki H, Furuhashi K, Baba H, Nagao M, Nakanishi M, Kasahara K, Kakeya H, Chikumi H, Ohge H, Azuma M, Tauchi H, Shimono N, Hamada Y, Takajo I, Nakata H, Kawamura H, Fujita J, Yagi T. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections in Japan. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022; 29:247-252. [PMID: 35429667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The dissemination of difficult-to-treat carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) is of great concern. We clarified the risk factors underlying CRE infection mortality in Japan. METHODS We conducted a retrospective, multicentre, observational cohort study of patients with CRE infections at 28 university hospitals from September 2014 to December 2016, using the Japanese National Surveillance criteria. Clinical information, including patient background, type of infection, antibiotic treatment, and treatment outcome, was collected. The carbapenemase genotype was determined using PCR sequencing. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for 28-day mortality. RESULTS Among the 179 patients enrolled, 65 patients (36.3%) had bloodstream infections, with 37 (20.7%) infections occurring due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE); all carbapenemases were of IMP-type (IMP-1: 32, IMP-6: 5). Two-thirds of CPE were identified as Enterobacter cloacae complex. Combination therapy was administered only in 46 patients (25.7%), and the 28-day mortality rate was 14.3%. Univariate analysis showed that solid metastatic cancer, Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥3, bloodstream infection, pneumonia, or empyema, central venous catheters, mechanical ventilation, and prior use of quinolones were significant risk factors for mortality. Multivariate analysis revealed that mechanical ventilation (OR: 6.71 [1.42-31.6], P = 0.016), solid metastatic cancers (OR: 5.63 [1.38-23.0], P = 0.016), and bloodstream infections (OR: 3.49 [1.02-12.0], P = 0.046) were independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. CONCLUSION The significant risk factors for 28-day mortality in patients with CRE infections in Japan are mechanical ventilation, solid metastatic cancers, and bloodstream infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Oka
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akane Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Saikyou-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tetsuka
- Department of Infection Control, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Morioka
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Iguchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Ishiguro
- Division of Infection Control, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsunehisa Nagamori
- Department of Infection Control, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Norihiro Saito
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Koichi Tokuda
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnostics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Igari
- Division of Infection Control, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuji Fujikura
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kato
- Infection Prevention and Control Department, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kanai
- Department of Infection Control, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Fumiko Kusama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Iwasaki
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, University of Fukui, Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazuki Furuhashi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hisashi Baba
- Centre for Nutrition Support and Infection Control, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Gifu, Japan
| | - Miki Nagao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakanishi
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Kasahara
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kakeya
- Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Chikumi
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ohge
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Momoyo Azuma
- Department of Infection Control, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hisamichi Tauchi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Control and Prevention, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shimono
- Centre for the Study of Global Infection, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yohei Hamada
- Department of Infectious Disease and Hospital Epidemiology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Saga, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takajo
- Center for Infection Control, Miyazaki University Hospital, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Infection Control, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideki Kawamura
- Department of Infection Control, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Jiro Fujita
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
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Mizushima I, Saeki T, Kobayashi D, Hayashi H, Taniguchi Y, Nakata H, Matsui S, Nagasawa T, Yanagita M, Kawano M. POS1349 IMMUNOGLOBULIN G4-RELATED KIDNEY DISEASE’S PREDISPOSITION TO CHRONIC RENAL DYSFUNCTION, COMPLICATIONS OF MALIGNANCY, AND MORTALITY: A LONG-TERM NATIONWIDE MULTICENTER STUDY IN JAPAN. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundIn immunoglobulin G4-related kidney disease (IgG4-RKD), persistent renal insufficiency may be observed despite the good initial response to glucocorticoids[1, 2]. However, its long-term prognosis in relation to renal function as well as malignancy and mortality has not been well clarified.ObjectivesTo clarify the long-term renal prognosis, complications of malignancy, mortality, and factors related to those outcomes in IgG4-RKD.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with IgG4-RKD diagnosed by the expert members of the IgG4-RKD working group in the Japanese Society of Nephrology. We investigated clinical, radiological, and histopathological features at baseline and course of renal function, complications of malignancy, and mortality during the long-term observation periods (median 71 months) in 75 patients. Using collected data, we calculated the crude incidence rates (IR) of chronic kidney disease (CKD) status, malignancy, and death. Cox regression analyses were performed to assess CKD-related factors. Additionally, we calculated the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of malignancy and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) using national Japan statistics.ResultsFifty-nine patients were male, and 16 were female (median age 70 years). At diagnosis, their median eGFR was 45.1 mL/min/1.73m2 (interquartile range [IQR] 28.6-69.9). Seventy-two patients (96%) were treated with prednisolone at a median initial dose of 30 (IQR 30-39) mg/day, leading to a reasonable initial improvement of renal function. The IR of CKD was 30.2/100 person-years, and 66.7% (50/75) of the patients showed CKD at the last visit. Age- and sex-adjusted Cox regression analyses indicated that lower eGFR (per 10 mL/min/1.73m2, hazard ratio [HR] 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.80), pre-existing hypertension (HR 2.39, 95% CI 1.32-4.34), and wider areas with inflammation (>50% vs. <10%, HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.07-6.08) or fibrosis (>50% vs. <5%, HR 2.84, 95% CI 1.18-6.85) in the biopsied renal specimens at treatment initiation had a significant impact on the time to CKD. Eight patients (10.7%) died during follow-up due to malignancy, severe infection, cerebral hemorrhage, or myocardial infarction. The crude mortality rate was 1.76/100 person-years, and a SMR calculated according to national Japan statistics was 0.97 (95% CI 0.42-1.90). On the other hand, 15 patients were diagnosed as having malignancies during follow-up. The IR of malignancy was 3.71/100 person-years, and the SIR of malignancy was 1.80 (95% CI 1.03-2.93).ConclusionThis study suggests that pre-treated renal insufficiency and extensive renal inflammatory and fibrotic lesions are related to CKD under glucocorticoid therapy in IgG4-RKD. Similarly with the whole IgG4-related disease, IgG4-RKD may have an increased incidence of malignancy but a mortality rate equivalent to the age- and sex-matched Japanese population.References[1]Saeki T et al. The clinical course of patients with IgG4-related kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2013 Oct;84(4):826-33.[2]Mizushima I et al. Factors related to renal cortical atrophy development after glucocorticoid therapy in IgG4-related kidney disease: a retrospective multicenter study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2016 Nov 25;18(1):273.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Katsuya H, Cook LBM, Rowan AG, Melamed A, Turpin J, Ito J, Islam S, Miyazato P, Jek Yang Tan B, Matsuo M, Miyakawa T, Nakata H, Matsushita S, Taylor GP, Bangham CRM, Kimura S, Satou Y. Erratum to: Clonality of HIV-1- and HTLV-1-Infected Cells in Naturally Coinfected Individuals. J Infect Dis 2022; 225:359. [PMID: 34865054 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Katsuya
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lucy B M Cook
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aileen G Rowan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anat Melamed
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jocelyn Turpin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saiful Islam
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Paola Miyazato
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Benjy Jek Yang Tan
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Misaki Matsuo
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Miyakawa
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shuzo Matsushita
- Clinical Retrovirology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Graham P Taylor
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Charles R M Bangham
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yorifumi Satou
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Katsuya H, Cook LBM, Rowan AG, Melamed A, Turpin J, Ito J, Islam S, Miyazato P, Jek Yang Tan B, Matsuo M, Miyakawa T, Nakata H, Matsushita S, Taylor GP, Bangham CRM, Kimura S, Satou Y. Clonality of HIV-1- and HTLV-1-Infected Cells in Naturally Coinfected Individuals. J Infect Dis 2022; 225:317-326. [PMID: 33844021 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) diminishes the value of the CD4+ T-cell count in diagnosing AIDS, and increases the rate of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. It remains elusive how HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfection is related to such characteristics. We investigated the mutual effect of HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfection on their integration sites (ISs) and clonal expansion. METHODS We extracted DNA from longitudinal peripheral blood samples from 7 HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfected, and 12 HIV-1 and 13 HTLV-1 monoinfected individuals. Proviral loads (PVL) were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Viral ISs and clonality were quantified by ligation-mediated PCR followed by high-throughput sequencing. RESULTS PVL of both HIV-1 and HTLV-1 in coinfected individuals was significantly higher than that of the respective virus in monoinfected individuals. The degree of oligoclonality of both HIV-1- and HTLV-1-infected cells in coinfected individuals was also greater than in monoinfected subjects. ISs of HIV-1 in cases of coinfection were more frequently located in intergenic regions and transcriptionally silent regions, compared with HIV-1 monoinfected individuals. CONCLUSIONS HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfection makes an impact on the distribution of viral ISs and clonality of virus-infected cells and thus may alter the risks of both HTLV-1- and HIV-1-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Katsuya
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lucy B M Cook
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aileen G Rowan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anat Melamed
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jocelyn Turpin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saiful Islam
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Paola Miyazato
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Benjy Jek Yang Tan
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Misaki Matsuo
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Miyakawa
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shuzo Matsushita
- Clinical Retrovirology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Graham P Taylor
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Charles R M Bangham
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yorifumi Satou
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Chia T, Nakamura T, Amano M, Takamune N, Matsuoka M, Nakata H. A Small Molecule, ACAi-028, with Anti-HIV-1 Activity Targets a Novel Hydrophobic Pocket on HIV-1 Capsid. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0103921. [PMID: 34228546 PMCID: PMC8448090 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01039-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) capsid (CA) is an essential viral component of HIV-1 infection and an attractive therapeutic target for antivirals. Here, we report that a small molecule, ACAi-028, inhibits HIV-1 replication by targeting a hydrophobic pocket in the N-terminal domain of CA (CA-NTD). ACAi-028 is 1 of more than 40 candidate anti-HIV-1 compounds identified by in silico screening and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Our binding model showed that ACAi-028 interacts with the Q13, S16, and T19 amino acid residues, via hydrogen bonds, in the targeting pocket of CA-NTD. Using recombinant fusion methods, TZM-bl, time-of-addition, and colorimetric reverse transcriptase (RT) assays, the compound was found to exert anti-HIV-1 activity in the early stage between reverse transcription and proviral DNA integration, without any effect on RT activity in vitro, suggesting that this compound may affect HIV-1 core disassembly (uncoating) as well as a CA inhibitor, PF74. Moreover, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) also showed that the compound binds directly and noncovalently to the CA monomer. CA multimerization and thermal stability assays showed that ACAi-028 decreased CA multimerization and thermal stability via S16 or T19 residues. These results indicate that ACAi-028 is a new CA inhibitor by binding to the novel hydrophobic pocket in CA-NTD. This study demonstrates that a compound, ACAi-028, targeting the hydrophobic pocket should be a promising anti-HIV-1 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Chia
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Nakamura
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amano
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobutoki Takamune
- Kumamoto Innovative Development Organization, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology, and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Oda K, Hashiguchi Y, Katanoda T, Nakata H, Jono H, Saito H. Lowered Risk of Nephrotoxicity through Intervention against the Combined Use of Vancomycin and Tazobactam/Piperacillin: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0035521. [PMID: 34346742 PMCID: PMC8552786 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00355-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined use of vancomycin (VCM) and tazobactam/piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC) is a major risk factor for nephrotoxicity. We sought to evaluate interventions against the combined use of VCM and TAZ/PIPC. This retrospective cohort study involved patients who considered the combined use of VCM and TAZ/PIPC as a treatment. Patients that had either or both antimicrobials replaced were assigned to the intervention group, whereas those who were continued on combination therapy were assigned to the comparison group. The primary endpoint was the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). The survival rate of patients on day 30 was evaluated as the secondary endpoint. The comparison and intervention groups were composed of 65 and 68 patients, respectively, and the incidence rates of AKI were 44.6% and 17.6%, respectively. Cox proportional hazard analysis identified the intervention as the only independent factor against AKI development, with a hazard ratio of 0.282 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.141 to 0.565). For the incidence of AKI of grade greater than 1, the hazard ratio was 0.114 (95% CI, 0.025 to 0.497). The survival rates on day 30 in the comparison and intervention groups were 92.3% and 91.2%, respectively, with a relative risk of 0.988 (95% CI, 0.892 to 1.094). The trough VCM concentration was not associated with the incidence of AKI in patients receiving the combination therapy. This study demonstrated that intervention against the combined use of VCM and TAZ/PIPC can lower the risk of nephrotoxicity. IMPORTANCE The combined use of vancomycin (VCM) and tazobactam/piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC) is a major risk factor for nephrotoxicity. We retrospectively evaluated interventions against the combined use of VCM and TAZ/PIPC. Patients for whom either or both antimicrobials were replaced were assigned to the intervention group (65 patients), whereas those who were continued on combination therapy were assigned to the comparison group (68 patients). The primary endpoint was the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). The incidence rates of AKI in the intervention and comparison groups were 44.6% and 17.6%, respectively. Cox proportional hazard analysis identified intervention as the only independent factor against AKI development, with a hazard ratio of 0.282 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.141 to 0.565). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that intervention against the combined use of VCM and TAZ/PIPC can lower the risk of nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Oda
- Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Infection Control, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yumi Hashiguchi
- Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomomi Katanoda
- Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Infection Control, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Infection Control, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Jono
- Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saito
- Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
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Yoshinouchi Y, Hirano M, Nakata H, Nomyamai K, Tanabe S, Kim EY, Iwata H. Structure-activity relationships of Baikal seal estrogen receptors and environmental phenols. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Nakata H, Kakigi R, Shibasaki M. Warm-, hot- and pain-related neural activities depending on baseline skin temperatures. Eur J Pain 2018; 22:1791-1799. [PMID: 29956432 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the characteristics of temperature-related evoked neural activities to baseline skin temperatures on target and adjacent sites using contact heat evoked potentials (CHEPs). METHODS Contact heat evoked potentials were recorded from 12 normal subjects during three stimuli: target temperatures for "warm", "hot" and "pain" were set at 41, 46 and 51 °C, respectively. The baseline temperature was separately set at 30, 35 and 40 °C under all conditions, and a heat pulse was delivered over the right forearm at 41 °C under the warm condition, at 46 °C under the hot condition and at 51 °C under the pain condition. RESULTS The N2-P2 amplitude was significantly larger at the 40 °C baseline than at the 30 and 35 °C baselines during the pain condition, whereas no significant differences were observed during the hot and warm conditions. In addition, the effects of an interference warm stimulation to adjacent sites were examined; however, no significant effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the priming effects of temperature on CHEPs were only observed under the pain condition, indicating the specificity of thermal pain, as well as a difference in the neural mechanisms responsible for thermal noxious and innocuous processing in human brains. SIGNIFICANCE This study using CHEPs shows the importance of baseline and target skin temperatures to investigate the characteristics of temperature-related neural activities. This measure may contribute to understanding of warm-, hot-, and pain-related neural activities in human brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nakata
- Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Japan
| | - R Kakigi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - M Shibasaki
- Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Japan
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Halbach S, Kowalski C, Enders A, Pfaff H, Ernstmann N, Nakata H. Psycho-oncology care in breast cancer: Determinants of use and need over the course of the disease. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx189.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Halbach
- Center for Health Communication and Health Service Research (CHSR), Bonn, Germany
| | - C Kowalski
- German Cancer Society (DKG), Berlin, Germany
| | - A Enders
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science (IMVR), Cologne, Germany
| | - H Pfaff
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science (IMVR), Cologne, Germany
| | - N Ernstmann
- Center for Health Communication and Health Service Research (CHSR), Bonn, Germany
| | - H Nakata
- Center for Health Communication and Health Service Research (CHSR), Bonn, Germany
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Amano M, Miguel Salcedo-Gómez P, Yedidi RS, Delino NS, Nakata H, Venkateswara Rao K, Ghosh AK, Mitsuya H. GRL-09510, a Unique P2-Crown-Tetrahydrofuranylurethane -Containing HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor, Maintains Its Favorable Antiviral Activity against Highly-Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Variants in vitro. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12235. [PMID: 28947797 PMCID: PMC5613016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that GRL-09510, a novel HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI) containing a newly-generated P2-crown-tetrahydrofuranylurethane (Crwn-THF), a P2′-methoxybenzene, and a sulfonamide isostere, is highly active against laboratory and primary clinical HIV-1 isolates (EC50: 0.0014–0.0028 μM) with minimal cytotoxicity (CC50: 39.0 μM). Similarly, GRL-09510 efficiently blocked the replication of HIV-1NL4-3 variants, which were capable of propagating at high-concentrations of atazanavir, lopinavir, and amprenavir (APV). GRL-09510 was also potent against multi-drug-resistant clinical HIV-1 variants and HIV-2ROD. Under the selection condition, where HIV-1NL4-3 rapidly acquired significant resistance to APV, an integrase inhibitor raltegravir, and a GRL-09510 congener (GRL-09610), no variants highly resistant against GRL-09510 emerged over long-term in vitro passage of the virus. Crystallographic analysis demonstrated that the Crwn-THF moiety of GRL-09510 forms strong hydrogen-bond-interactions with HIV-1 protease (PR) active-site amino acids and is bulkier with a larger contact surface, making greater van der Waals contacts with PR than the bis-THF moiety of darunavir. The present data demonstrate that GRL-09510 has favorable features for treating patients infected with wild-type and/or multi-drug-resistant HIV-1 variants, that the newly generated P2-Crwn-THF moiety confers highly desirable anti-HIV-1 potency. The use of the novel Crwn-THF moiety sheds lights in the design of novel PIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Amano
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Hematology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Pedro Miguel Salcedo-Gómez
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Hematology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Ravikiran S Yedidi
- Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole S Delino
- Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hirotomo Nakata
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Hematology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | | | - Arun K Ghosh
- Departments of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Hematology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan. .,Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. .,National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
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Abstract
To ascertain serial changes on chest radiography attributable to aging, 16 parameters and 4 pulmonary parenchymal manifestations were assessed at 2 intervals; namely, 18.5 and 10 years after initial radiography in healthy men (n = 51) and women (n = 149) (age range 41–82 years). The transverse cardiac diameter, cardiothoracic ratio, and aortic arch transverse diameter increased significantly in both sexes from the initial to the final examinations. Although several other factors changed significantly, these changes were relatively small and the individual variations large. Initially, 13% and finally, 27% of the subjects exhibited at least one of the selected pulmonary manifestations.
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Abstract
A 59-year-old man with hypertension and severe renal dysfunction was diagnosed as having adult glomerulocystic kidney disease. MR imaging of the kidney showed a diffuse reduction of the intensity of the renal cortex with a loss of normal cortico-medullary differentiation on T1-weighted images. Numerous small cortical cysts were also demonstrated. These MR findings complemented the results of the biopsy and were useful for making a definitive diagnosis.
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Abstract
Four patients with adrenal metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosed with computed tomography are described. In three, the metastases showed a central area of low density due to tumor necrosis, irregular contrast enhancement, and a well-defined margin. They measured 8 cm or more in diameter. In one, the adrenal metastasis was at first a relatively small homogeneously solid mass, but later, when it grew larger, a central low density developed. Since the adrenal gland is the second most common site of metastasis from HCC at autopsy, a combination of an adrenal tumor and a liver tumor should suggest this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Nakamura
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyusyu-shi 807, Japan
| | - Y. Sato
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyusyu-shi 807, Japan
| | - H. Nakata
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyusyu-shi 807, Japan
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Mizuguchi N, Nakata H, Kanosue K. Motor imagery beyond the motor repertoire: Activity in the primary visual cortex during kinesthetic motor imagery of difficult whole body movements. Neuroscience 2016; 315:104-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kikukawa Y, Yuki H, Hirata S, Ide K, Nakata H, Miyakawa T, Matsuno N, Nosaka K, Yonemura Y, Kawaguchi T, Hata H, Mitsuya H, Okuno Y. Combined use of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone induces favorable hematological and organ responses in Japanese patients with amyloid light-chain amyloidosis: a single-institution retrospective study. Int J Hematol 2014; 101:133-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-014-1705-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Watanabe Y, Nosaka K, Ide K, Mochinaga H, Kikukawa Y, Nakata H, Okuno Y, Mitsuya H. Two Cases of Primary B Cell Lymphoma of Cauda Equina. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu436.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sakamoto K, Nakata H, Kakigi R. P14: The effect of mastication on Go/No-go decisional processing: an eventrelated potential study. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)50177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Nakata H, Sakamoto K, Kakigi R. P12: The relationship between reaction time and response variability and somatosensory No-Go potentials. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)50175-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Maeda K, Desai DV, Aoki M, Nakata H, Kodama EN, Mitsuya H. Delayed emergence of HIV-1 variants resistant to 4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine: comparative sequential passage study with lamivudine, tenofovir, emtricitabine and BMS-986001. Antivir Ther 2013; 19:179-89. [PMID: 24162098 DOI: 10.3851/imp2697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 4'-Ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine (EFdA) contains an ethynyl moiety and the 3'-hydroxyl and exerts highly potent activity against various HIV type-1 (HIV-1) strains including multi-drug-resistant variants. METHODS Comparative selection passages against EFdA, lamivudine (3TC), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), emtricitabine (FTC) or BMS-986001 (Ed4T) were conducted using a mixture of 11 highly multi-drug-resistant clinical HIV-1 isolates (HIV11MIX) as a starting virus population. RESULTS Before selection, HIV11MIX was sensitive to EFdA with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.032 μM, less susceptible to TDF and Ed4T with IC50s of 0.57 and 2.6 μM, respectively, and highly resistant to 3TC and FTC with IC50s>10 μM. IC50s of TDF against HIV11MIX exposed to EFdA and TDF for 17 (HIV11MIX(EFdA-P17)) and 14 (HIV11MIX(TDF-P14)) passages were 8 and >10 μM, respectively, while EFdA remained active against HIV11MIX(EFdA-P17) and HIV11MIX(TDF-P14) with IC50s of 0.15 and 0.1 μM, respectively. Both selected variants were highly resistant against zidovudine, 3TC, Ed4T and FTC (IC50 values >10 μM). CONCLUSIONS The present data demonstrate that HIV11MIX developed resistance more rapidly against 3TC, FTC, TDF and Ed4T than against EFdA and that EFdA remained substantially active against TDF- and EFdA-selected variants. Thus, EFdA has a favourable resistance profile and represents a potentially promising new-generation nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Maeda
- Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Manabe N, Haruma K, Ito M, Takahashi N, Takasugi H, Wada Y, Nakata H, Katoh T, Miyamoto M, Tanaka S. Efficacy of adding sodium alginate to omeprazole in patients with nonerosive reflux disease: a randomized clinical trial. Dis Esophagus 2012; 25:373-80. [PMID: 22050449 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2011.01276.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) is the most common form of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Patients with NERD have a lower response rate to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) than patients with erosive esophagitis when gauged from relief of heartburn. Sodium alginate decreases the acidity of refluxate and protects the esophageal mucosa. However, whether the addition of sodium alginate to PPI therapy can improve NERD symptoms remains unknown. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of adding sodium alginate to basal PPI therapy for NERD. Patients who had experienced heartburn on at least 2 days per week during the 1-month period before entering the study and had no endoscopic mucosal breaks (grade M or N according to Hoshihara's modification of the Los Angeles classification) were randomized to one of two treatments for 4 weeks: omeprazole (20 mg once daily) plus sodium alginate (30 mL four times a day) (group A) or omeprazole (20 mg once daily) alone (group B). Eighty-seven patients were enrolled, and 76 patients were randomly assigned to group A (n = 36) or group B (n = 40). Complete resolution of heartburn for at least 7 consecutive days by the end of treatment was significantly more common in group A (56.7%) than in group B (25.7%). One patient from group A had mild drug-related diarrhea that was not clinically serious. In conclusion, omeprazole combined with sodium alginate was better than omeprazole alone in Japanese patients with NERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Manabe
- Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasonography, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.
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Wakayama T, Nakata H, Matsumoto K, Iseki S. Loss of hepatocyte growth factor receptor in mouse Sertoli cells leads to impaired spermatogenesis and male infertility. J Reprod Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2012.03.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The discovery of CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) as a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coreceptor opened a new avenue to exploit CCR5 as a potential target for the intervention of HIV-1's cellular entry. AREAS COVERED Various small-molecule CCR5 inhibitors were identified in the last decade; however, maraviroc (MVC) is the only CCR5 inhibitor currently used in the clinic. Concerns and challenges that exist for wider clinical use of CCR5 inhibitors are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Although MVC-containing regimens have been recommended for treatment-naïve patients, MVC appears to have been used as one of drugs for salvage therapy rather than for treating drug-naïve patients. This is apparently due to MVC's twice-daily dosing schedule. Another significant disadvantage is that a costly tropism assay must be performed prior to MVC treatment. The access to inexpensive, sensitive, and rapid tropism tests should be made easily available. Only a few novel CCR5 inhibitors are presently in the pipeline. Development of potent and metabolically-stable novel CCR5 inhibitors allowing once-daily dosing regimens is needed. Development of CXCR4 inhibitors should greatly improve the treatment options available to patients infected with X4- and/or dual-tropic HIV-1 strains in combination with a CCR5 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Maeda
- National Cancer Institute, Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
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Nakata H, Kruhlak M, Kamata W, Ogata-Aoki H, Li J, Maeda K, Ghosh AK, Mitsuya H. Effects of CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) inhibitors on the dynamics of CCR5 and CC-chemokine-CCR5 interactions. Antivir Ther 2010; 15:321-31. [PMID: 20516552 DOI: 10.3851/imp1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine how CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) inhibitors (aplaviroc [APL], TAK779 and maraviroc [MVC]) interact with CCR5 and affect its dynamics and physiological CC-chemokine-CCR5 interactions. METHODS A yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-tagged CCR5-expressing U373-MAGI cell line was generated and a stable CCR5-expressing clonal population, (YFP)CCR5-UM16, was prepared. (YFP)CCR5-UM16 cells were exposed to RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha or MIP-1beta (all 100 ng/ml) with or without CCR5 inhibitors and (YFP)CCR5 internalization was visualized with real-time by laser scanning confocal microscopy. The mobility of (YFP)CCR5 was also examined in the presence of CCR5 inhibitors with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) imaging. RESULTS Following the addition of each CC chemokine, intracellular fluorescence intensity increased whereas membranous fluorescence decreased, signifying (YFP)CCR5 internalization. All three CCR5 inhibitors failed to induce (YFP)CCR5 internalization. All three CCR5 inhibitors blocked the CC-chemokine-induced internalization at a high concentration of 1 microM; however, the ratio of APL concentration that blocked RANTES-induced internalization by 50% over APL concentration that blocked HIV type-1 (HIV-1) replication by 50% was 16.4, indicating that APL permits CC-chemokine-induced internalization to a much greater extent compared with TAK779 and MVC, having ratios of 1.1 and 0.9, respectively. The examination of (YFP)CCR5 mobility with FRAP imaging revealed that (YFP)CCR5 continuously underwent rapid redistribution, which none of the three inhibitors blocked. CONCLUSIONS The finding that APL moderately blocked the RANTES-triggered (YFP)CCR5 internalization despite the highly potent anti-HIV-1 activity of APL strongly suggests that development of CCR5 inhibitors, which do not overly inhibit physiological CC-chemokine-CCR5 interactions, is practically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotomo Nakata
- Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Ueno D, Isobe T, Ramu K, Tanabe S, Alaee M, Marvin C, Inoue K, Someya T, Miyajima T, Kodama H, Nakata H. Spatial distribution of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorines in bivalves from Japanese coastal waters. Chemosphere 2010; 78:1213-9. [PMID: 20096439 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to elucidate the spatial distribution of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in the Japanese coastal environment, hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorines (OCs: PCBs, DDTs, CHLs, HCHs, HCB) were determined in bivalves (oysters and mussels) collected from Japanese coastal waters. HBCDs and PBDEs were detected in all samples analyzed. Concentration ranges of HBCDs were 12-5200 ng g(-1) lipid wt., followed by PCBs (20-3100 ng g(-1))>PBDEs (3.1-86 ng g(-1) lipid wt.). The highest concentration of HBCDs was found in the Osaka region. This result indicates that HBCDs are ubiquitous and predominant compounds in bivalves from the Japanese coastal waters. Since no species differences between oysters and mussels were observed for the bioaccumulation properties of HBCDs and PBDEs, oysters could be utilized for BFR contamination monitoring worldwide as an alternative to mussels. Global comparisons between oysters and mussels showed that HBCD concentrations in Japan are among the highest levels reported from Asia and Europe. Estimated dietary exposures of HBCDs and PBDEs through seafood were 0.45-34 ng kg body weight(-1)d(-1), and 0.054-6.8 ng kg body weight(-1)d(-1), respectively. These exposure levels were more than 1000 times lower than the lowest observable effects or no observable adverse effects levels for HBCDs and PBDEs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ueno
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Honjo-cho 1, Saga, Japan.
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Nakata H, Watanabe K, Murakami Y, Gao P, Tsuiji K, Nishimura K, Plotnikoff GA, Kurihara N, Irie Y, Ishige A. Stress on a postpartum mother inhibits the secretion of growth hormone in the offspring and causes persistent growth impairment. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2009; 31:433-441. [PMID: 19907718 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2009.31.7.1407221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Children exposed to environmental stress in the early neonatal period often develop psychiatric or somatic diseases in adulthood. In the present study in mice, we examined how postpartum stress on the mother influences their pups and thus tried to provide new insight into the management of idiopathic short stature. The dams were exposed to daily 3-h immobilization stress (IS) only for 3 weeks from the day after delivery. When compared to the pups of nonstressed dams (control pups), those of the IS dams (IS pups) showed lower body weight and height, which persisted even into adulthood. Their nutritional status was normal. The IS pups also showed low serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and poor responses to growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) stimulation on day 22 and were behaviorally hyperactive at 8 weeks. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the number of pituitary GH-positive cells in response to treatment with GHRH was markedly decreased in the IS pups compared to the control pups. The IS dams did not show apparent behavioral abnormalities except downregulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene expression in the hippocampus. These results suggest that the perturbation of GH secretion in the pituitary glands is involved in the lifelong growth impairment of the IS pups.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nakata
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakata H, Watanabe K, Murakami Y, Gao P, Tsuiji K, Nishimura K, Plotnikoff G, Kurihara N, Irie Y, Ishige A. Stress on a postpartum mother inhibits the secretion of growth hormone in the offspring and causes persistent growth impairment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1358/mf.2009.31.7.1415892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Maeda K, Das D, Yin PD, Tsuchiya K, Ogata-Aoki H, Nakata H, Norman RB, Hackney LA, Takaoka Y, Mitsuya H. Involvement of the second extracellular loop and transmembrane residues of CCR5 in inhibitor binding and HIV-1 fusion: insights into the mechanism of allosteric inhibition. J Mol Biol 2008; 381:956-74. [PMID: 18590744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2008] [Revised: 06/12/2008] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), a member of G-protein-coupled receptors, serves as a coreceptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In the present study, we examined the interactions between CCR5 and novel CCR5 inhibitors containing the spirodiketopiperazine scaffolds AK530 and AK317, both of which were lodged in the hydrophobic cavity located between the upper transmembrane domain and the second extracellular loop (ECL2) of CCR5. Although substantial differences existed between the two inhibitors--AK530 had 10-fold-greater CCR5-binding affinity (K(d)=1.4 nM) than AK317 (16.7 nM)-their antiviral potencies were virtually identical (IC(50)=2.1 nM and 1.5 nM, respectively). Molecular dynamics simulations for unbound CCR5 showed hydrogen bond interactions among transmembrane residues Y108, E283, and Y251, which were crucial for HIV-1-gp120/sCD4 complex binding and HIV-1 fusion. Indeed, AK530 and AK317, when bound to CCR5, disrupted these interhelix hydrogen bond interactions, a salient molecular mechanism enabling allosteric inhibition. Mutagenesis and structural analysis showed that ECL2 consists of a part of the hydrophobic cavity for both inhibitors, although AK317 is more tightly engaged with ECL2 than AK530, explaining their similar anti-HIV-1 potencies despite the difference in K(d) values. We also found that amino acid residues in the beta-hairpin structural motif of ECL2 are critical for HIV-1-elicited fusion and binding of the spirodiketopiperazine-based inhibitors to CCR5. The direct ECL2-engaging property of the inhibitors likely produces an ECL2 conformation, which HIV-1 gp120 cannot bind to, but also prohibits HIV-1 from utilizing the "inhibitor-bound" CCR5 for cellular entry--a mechanism of HIV-1's resistance to CCR5 inhibitors. The data should not only help delineate the dynamics of CCR5 following inhibitor binding but also aid in designing CCR5 inhibitors that are more potent against HIV-1 and prevent or delay the emergence of resistant HIV-1 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Maeda
- Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Wasaka T, Kida T, Nakata H, Akatsuka K, Kakigi R. Characteristics of sensori-motor interaction in the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices in humans: a magnetoencephalography study. Neuroscience 2007; 149:446-56. [PMID: 17869442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2007] [Revised: 07/25/2007] [Accepted: 07/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We studied sensori-motor interaction in the primary (SI) and secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) using magnetoencephalography. Since SII in both hemispheres was activated following unilateral stimulation, we analyzed SIIc (contralateral to stimulation) as well as SIIi (ipsilateral to stimulation). Four tasks were performed in human subjects in which a voluntary thumb movement of the left or right hand was combined with electrical stimulation applied to the index finger of the left or right hand: L(M)-L(S) (movement of the left thumb triggered stimulation to the left finger), L(M)-R(S) (movement of the left thumb triggered electrical stimulation to the right finger), R(M)-R(S) (movement of the right thumb triggered electrical stimulation to the right finger), and R(M)-L(S) (movement of the right thumb triggered electrical stimulation to the left finger). Stimulation to the index finger only (S condition) was also recorded. In SI, the amplitude of N20m and P35m was significantly attenuated in the R(M)-R(S) and L(M)-L(S) tasks compared with the S condition, but that for other tasks showed no change, corresponding to a conventional gating phenomenon. In SII, the R(M)-L(S) task significantly enhanced the amplitude of SIIc but reduced that of SIIi compared with the S condition. The L(M)-L(S) and R(M)-R(S) tasks caused a significant enhancement only in SIIi. The L(M)-R(S) task enhanced the amplitude only in SIIc. The laterality index showed that SII modulation with voluntary movement was more dominant in the hemisphere ipsilateral to movement but was not affected by the side of stimulation. These results provided the characteristics of activities in somatosensory cortices, a simple inhibition in SI but complicated changes in SII depending on the side of movement and stimulation, which may indicate the higher cognitive processing in SII.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wasaka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
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Nakata H, Amano M, Koh Y, Kodama E, Yang G, Bailey CM, Kohgo S, Hayakawa H, Matsuoka M, Anderson KS, Cheng YC, Mitsuya H. Activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1, intracellular metabolism, and effects on human DNA polymerases of 4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51:2701-8. [PMID: 17548498 PMCID: PMC1932487 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00277-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the intracytoplasmic anabolism and kinetics of antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) of a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, 4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine (EFdA), which has potent activity against wild-type and multidrug-resistant HIV-1 strains. When CEM cells were exposed to 0.1 microM [(3)H]EFdA or [(3)H]3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) for 6 h, the intracellular EFdA-triphosphate (TP) level was 91.6 pmol/10(9) cells, while that of AZT was 396.5 pmol/10(9) cells. When CEM cells were exposed to 10 microM [(3)H]EFdA, the amount of EFdA-TP increased by 22-fold (2,090 pmol/10(9) cells), while the amount of [(3)H]AZT-TP increased only moderately by 2.4-fold (970 pmol/10(9) cells). The intracellular half-life values of EFdA-TP and AZT-TP were approximately 17 and approximately 3 h, respectively. When MT-4 cells were cultured with 0.01 microM EFdA for 24 h, thoroughly washed to remove EFdA, further cultured without EFdA for various periods of time, exposed to HIV-1(NL4-3), and cultured for an additional 5 days, the protection values were 75 and 47%, respectively, after 24 and 48 h with no drug incubation, while those with 1 microM AZT were 55 and 9.2%, respectively. The 50% inhibitory concentration values of EFdA-TP against human polymerases alpha, beta, and gamma were >100 microM, >100 microM, and 10 microM, respectively, while those of ddA-TP were >100 microM, 0.2 microM, and 0.2 microM, respectively. These data warrant further development of EFdA as a potential therapeutic agent for those patients who harbor wild-type HIV-1 and/or multidrug-resistant variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Infectious, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
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Tomiyama M, Horio T, Kamide K, Nakamura S, Yoshihara F, Nakata H, Nakahama H, Kawano Y. Reverse white-coat effect as an independent risk for left ventricular concentric hypertrophy in patients with treated essential hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 21:212-9. [PMID: 17167525 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1002127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the converse phenomenon of white-coat hypertension called 'reverse white-coat hypertension' or 'masked hypertension' is associated with poor cardiovascular prognosis. We assessed the hypothesis that this phenomenon may specifically influence left ventricular (LV) structure in treated hypertensive patients. A total of 272 outpatients (mean age, 65 years) with chronically treated essential hypertension and without remarkable white-coat effect were enrolled. Patients were classified into two groups according to office and daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure (SBP); that is subjects without (Group 1: office SBP > or =daytime SBP, n=149) and with reverse white-coat effect (Group 2: office SBP<daytime SBP, n=123). LV mass index and relative wall thickness were echocardiographically determined. In all subjects, LV mass index and relative wall thickness were positively correlated with daytime and 24-h SBP, but not with office SBP. In addition, these two indices were inversely correlated with office--daytime SBP difference. LV mass index (136+/-31 and 115+/-28 g/m(2), mean+/-s.d.) and relative wall thickness (0.49+/-0.09 and 0.46+/-0.07) were significantly greater in Group 2 than in Group 1. As for LV geometric patterns, Group 2 had a significantly higher rate of concentric hypertrophy compared with Group 1 (48 and 28%). Multivariate analyses revealed that the presence of reverse white-coat effect was a predictor for LV concentric hypertrophy, independent of age, sex, hypertension duration, antihypertensive treatment and ambulatory blood pressure levels. Our findings demonstrate that reverse white-coat effect is an independent risk factor for LV hypertrophy, especially concentric hypertrophy, in treated hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tomiyama
- Division of Hypertension and Nephrology, Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
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Ayabe T, Matsuzaki Y, Shimizu T, Hara M, Tomita M, Enomoto Y, Nakata H, Kuroki M, Ito H, Kataoka H, Onitsuka T. [New method for localization of the small ground-glass opacity lesion in resected lung]. Kyobu Geka 2006; 59:377-82. [PMID: 16715888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A small lesion showing ground-glass opacity (GGO) by preoperative computed tomography (CT) is sometimes difficult to detect after lobectomy when it locates in the central part of the lobe. In order to facilitate to identify the lesion for marking pathological specimen, we developed a new method using CT. After surgery, the resected pulmonary lobe was expanded with airflow through the bronchial stump and the target lesion was examined with CT. The laser beam of the CT on the surface of the lung is used as a guiding line for cutting. Through the application of this method for 2 clinical cases, it was found to be possible to exactly identify the GGO lesion from the surface of the resected lung enabling to visualize a fresh surface of the lesion like a CT image with minimal destruction of the structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ayabe
- Department of Second Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Maeda K, Das D, Ogata-Aoki H, Nakata H, Miyakawa T, Tojo Y, Norman R, Takaoka Y, Ding J, Arnold GF, Arnold E, Mitsuya H. Structural and molecular interactions of CCR5 inhibitors with CCR5. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:12688-98. [PMID: 16476734 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m512688200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have characterized the structural and molecular interactions of CC-chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) with three CCR5 inhibitors active against R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) including the potent in vitro and in vivo CCR5 inhibitor aplaviroc (AVC). The data obtained with saturation binding assays and structural analyses delineated the key interactions responsible for the binding of CCR5 inhibitors with CCR5 and illustrated that their binding site is located in a predominantly lipophilic pocket in the interface of extracellular loops and within the upper transmembrane (TM) domain of CCR5. Mutations in the CCR5 binding sites of AVC decreased gp120 binding to CCR5 and the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection, although mutations in TM4 and TM5 that also decreased gp120 binding and HIV-1 infectivity had less effects on the binding of CC-chemokines, suggesting that CCR5 inhibition targeting appropriate regions might render the inhibition highly HIV-1-specific while preserving the CC chemokine-CCR5 interactions. The present data delineating residue by residue interactions of CCR5 with CCR5 inhibitors should not only help design more potent and more HIV-1-specific CCR5 inhibitors, but also give new insights into the dynamics of CC-chemokine-CCR5 interactions and the mechanisms of CCR5 involvement in the process of cellular entry of HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Maeda
- Department of Hematology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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39
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Yamada M, Iwasaka Y, Matsuki A, Trochkine D, Kim YS, Zhang D, Nagatani T, Shi GY, Nagatani M, Nakata H, Shen Z, Chen B, Li G. Feature of Dust Particles in the Spring Free Troposphere over Dunhuang in Northwestern China: Electron Microscopic Experiments on Individual Particles Collected with a Balloon-borne Impactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11267-005-0741-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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Kuroda N, Hamauzu T, Toi M, Yamaoka K, Miyazaki E, Hiroi M, Nakata H, Taguchi H, Enzan H. Pulmonary adenocarcinoma with micropapillary component: an immunohistochemical study. Case report. APMIS 2005; 113:550-4. [PMID: 16086826 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Micropapillary carcinoma has been described in various organs, including the breast, urinary bladder, ovary and lung. We here present a case of pulmonary micropapillary carcinoma in a 72-year-old Japanese man who died of respiratory failure and septic shock, following which autopsy was performed. A mass measuring 2.5 x 2.5 x 2.5 cm was observed in the left lower lobe of the lung. The tumor showed moderately differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma with a focal micropapillary component. Carcinomatous lymphangiosis was also observed in the left lung and metastatic lesions were observed in the bilateral lung, liver, vertebra, muscle layer of the urinary bladder, right adrenal gland, spleen and lymph nodes. The micropapillary component was predominant at some metastatic sites. Immunohistochemically, both the adenocarcinoma and micropapillary components were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK19, TTF (thyroid transcription factor)-1, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and surfactant apoprotein A (SP-A), and negative for CK20, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, uroplakin III, and CA125. The invasive area of the conventional adenocarcinoma component contained a large number of myofibroblasts, whereas the stroma of the micropapillary component contained a small number of myofibroblasts. However, no myofibroblasts were observed in the stroma of the central core of the non-invasive micropapillary carcinoma. Several lymphatic invasions by neoplastic cells were identified in the peripheral area of the micropapillary component using D2-40 antibody. The immunohistochemical profile may be helpful in determining the primary location of the neoplasm containing micropapillary features. Myofibroblasts are present in the stroma of the invasive neoplastic nests in the micropapillary component as well as the conventional adenocarcinoma component, and D2-40 monoclonal antibody may be useful for evaluating the lymphatic invasion of pulmonary micropapillary carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kuroda
- Department of Pathology, Program of Bioregulation and Genetics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku City, Kochi, Japan.
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41
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Nakata H, Maeda K, Miyakawa T, Shibayama S, Matsuo M, Takaoka Y, Ito M, Koyanagi Y, Mitsuya H. Potent anti-R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 effects of a CCR5 antagonist, AK602/ONO4128/GW873140, in a novel human peripheral blood mononuclear cell nonobese diabetic-SCID, interleukin-2 receptor gamma-chain-knocked-out AIDS mouse model. J Virol 2005; 79:2087-96. [PMID: 15681411 PMCID: PMC546550 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.79.4.2087-2096.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We established human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-transplanted R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate JR-FL (HIV-1(JR-FL))-infected, nonobese diabetic-SCID, interleukin 2 receptor gamma-chain-knocked-out (NOG) mice, in which massive and systemic HIV-1 infection occurred. The susceptibility of the implanted PBMC to the infectivity and cytopathic effect of R5 HIV-1 appeared to stem from hyperactivation of the PBMC, which rapidly proliferated and expressed high levels of CCR5. When a novel spirodiketopiperazine-containing CCR5 inhibitor, AK602/ONO4128/GW873140 (molecular weight, 614), was administered to the NOG mice 1 day after R5 HIV-1 inoculation, the replication and cytopathic effects of R5 HIV-1 were significantly suppressed. In saline-treated mice (n = 7), the mean human CD4(+)/CD8(+) cell ratio was 0.1 on day 16 after inoculation, while levels in mice (n = 8) administered AK602 had a mean value of 0.92, comparable to levels in uninfected mice (n = 7). The mean number of HIV-RNA copies in plasma in saline-treated mice were approximately 10(6)/ml on day 16, while levels in AK602-treated mice were 1.27 x 10(3)/ml (P = 0.001). AK602 also significantly suppressed the number of proviral DNA copies and serum p24 levels (P = 0.001). These data suggest that the present NOG mouse system should serve as a small-animal AIDS model and warrant that AK602 be further developed as a potential therapeutic for HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotomo Nakata
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Wasaka T, Nakata H, Kida T, Kakigi R. Changes in the centrifugal gating effect on somatosensory evoked potentials depending on the level of contractile force. Exp Brain Res 2005; 166:118-25. [PMID: 15856201 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-005-2333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2005] [Accepted: 03/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) during the preparatory period of self-initiated plantar flexion at different force levels of muscle contraction and elucidated the mechanism behind the centrifugal gating effect on somatosensory information processing. We recorded SEPs following stimulation of the tibial nerve at the popliteal fossa during the preparatory period of a 20% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and 50% MVC. The preparatory period was divided into two sub-periods based on the components of movement-related cortical potentials, the negative slope (NS sub-period) and the Bereitschaftspotential (BP sub-period). The subjects were instructed to concentrate on the movement and not to pay attention to the continuous electrical stimulation. Pre-movement SEPs were averaged separately during the two sub-periods under each MVC condition. The mean amplitudes of BP and NS were larger during the 50% MVC than the 20% MVC. As for the components of SEPs, during the NS sub-period the amplitude of P30 under the 50% MVC and N40 under both conditions were significantly smaller than that in the stationary sequence, and N40 amplitude was significantly smaller during the 50% MVC than the 20% MVC. During the BP sub-period, the amplitude of P30 and N40 during the 50% MVC was significantly smaller than during the stationary sequence, while it was not significantly different between the 20% and 50% MVCs. In conclusion, the extent of the centrifugal gating effect on SEPs was dependent on the activities of motor-related areas, which generated the NS and BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wasaka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
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43
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Umeda IO, Nakata H, Nishigori H. Identification of protein phosphatase 2C and confirmation of other protein phosphatases in the ocular lenses. Exp Eye Res 2004; 79:385-92. [PMID: 15669140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The reversible phosphorylation of proteins plays essential roles in regulating various cellular events, and is regulated by the opposing actions of protein kinases and protein phosphatases. Protein kinases in the lens system have been well studied, but very little is known about lens protein phosphatases. Protein phosphatases can be divided several families, such as protein phosphatase types 1, 2A, 2B and 2C (PP1, PP2A, PP2B and PP2C) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP). In this study we evaluated what kinds of protein phosphatases are present in the lens by using various specific substrates and inhibitors. Samples were prepared from lenses of 17-day-old chick embryos, and fractionated by high-resolution gel permeation column chromatography, then the fractions were assayed for phosphatase activities. The results with 32P-labeled glycogen phosphorylase A, okadaic acid and inhibitor-1, which are a specific substrate and inhibitors of PP1 and/or PP2A, showed that PP1 activities were present in the 500-, 115- and 45-kDa fractions of the lens protein. The 115-kDa fraction also contained PP2A activity. By using a phosphothreonine-containing peptide as a substrate, three peaks of phosphatase activities were found at around 115, 55 and 35 kDa. Based on their response to various phosphatase inhibitors and their metal dependency, the fractions of 115 and 35 kDa were concluded to contain PP2A, while the 55-kDa fraction contained PP2C. Immunoblot using specific antibodies against PP1, PP2A and PP2C confirmed that each fraction above contained corresponding protein phosphatases as proteins. When a phosphotyrosine-containing peptide substrate was examined at pH 7.4, we observed a major peak at 500 kDa, which was presumed to contain receptor-like PTP(s). On the other hand, at pH 5.5, we observed a peak of 18 kDa, which was confirmed to contain a low-molecular-weight PTP. These protein phosphatases have recently been suggested to be involved in stress response and apoptosis. Their physiological roles in the lens are of much interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ogihara Umeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1090-1, Suwarashi, Sagamiko Tsukui, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Umeda IO, Nakata H, Nishigori H. Identification of protein phosphatase 2C and confirmation of other protein phosphatases in the ocular lenses [Experimental Eye Research 79 (2004) 385–392]. Exp Eye Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4835(04)00302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Maeda K, Nakata H, Ogata H, Koh Y, Miyakawa T, Mitsuya H. The current status of, and challenges in, the development of CCR5 inhibitors as therapeutics for HIV-1 infection. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2004; 4:447-52. [PMID: 15351348 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2004.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of CCR5 as a HIV-1 co-receptor unfolded the cryptic and complicated process of HIV-1 cellular entry and has provided more than a few entry steps as possible modalities for effective viral intervention. The proof-of-principle has already been established for the use of entry inhibitors against HIV-1 and there is a cautious optimism that several CCR5 inhibitors might soon be added to our armamentarium for therapy of HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Maeda
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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46
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Maeda K, Nakata H, Koh Y, Miyakawa T, Ogata H, Takaoka Y, Shibayama S, Sagawa K, Fukushima D, Moravek J, Koyanagi Y, Mitsuya H. Spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 inhibitor which preserves CC-chemokine/CCR5 interactions and exerts potent activity against R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro. J Virol 2004; 78:8654-62. [PMID: 15280474 PMCID: PMC479103 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.78.16.8654-8662.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We identified a novel spirodiketopiperazine (SDP) derivative, AK602/ONO4128/GW873140, which specifically blocked the binding of macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha) to CCR5 with a high affinity (K(d) of approximately 3 nM), potently blocked human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120/CCR5 binding and exerted potent activity against a wide spectrum of laboratory and primary R5 HIV-1 isolates, including multidrug-resistant HIV-1 (HIV-1(MDR)) (50% inhibitory concentration values of 0.1 to 0.6 nM) in vitro. AK602 competitively blocked the binding to CCR5 expressed on Chinese hamster ovary cells of two monoclonal antibodies, 45523, directed against multidomain epitopes of CCR5, and 45531, specific against the C-terminal half of the second extracellular loop (ECL2B) of CCR5. AK602, despite its much greater anti-HIV-1 activity than other previously published CCR5 inhibitors, including TAK-779 and SCH-C, preserved RANTES (regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted) and MIP-1beta binding to CCR5(+) cells and their functions, including CC-chemokine-induced chemotaxis and CCR5 internalization, while TAK-779 and SCH-C fully blocked the CC-chemokine/CCR5 interactions. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed favorable oral bioavailability in rodents. These data warrant further development of AK602 as a potential therapeutic for HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Maeda
- Department of Hematology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Umeda IO, Nakata H, Nishigori H. Identification of protein phosphatase 2C and confirmation of other protein phosphatases in the ocular lenses. Exp Eye Res 2004; 79:385-92. [PMID: 15336501 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2004.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2004] [Accepted: 06/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reversible phosphorylation of proteins plays essential roles in regulating various cellular events, and is regulated by the opposing actions of protein kinases and protein phosphatases. Protein kinases in the lens system have been well studied, but very little is known about lens protein phosphatases. Protein phosphatases can be divided several families, such as protein phosphatase types 1, 2A, 2B and 2C (PP1, PP2A, PP2B and PP2C) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP). In this study we evaluated what kinds of protein phosphatases are present in the lens by using various specific substrates and inhibitors. Samples were prepared from lenses of 17-day-old chick embryos, and fractionated by high-resolution gel permeation column chromatography, then the fractions were assayed for phosphatase activities. The results with 32P-labeled glycogen phosphorylase A, okadaic acid and inhibitor-1, which are a specific substrate and inhibitors of PP1 and/or PP2A, showed that PP1activities were present in the 500-, 115- and 45-kDa fractions of the lens protein. The 115-kDa fraction also contained PP2A activity. By using a phosphothreonine-containing peptide as a substrate, three peaks of phosphatase activities were found at around 115, 55 and 35 kDa. Based on their response to various phosphatase inhibitors and their metal dependency, the fractions of 115 and 35 kDa were concluded to contain PP2A, while the 55-kDa fraction contained PP2C. Immunoblot using specific antibodies against PP1, PP2A and PP2C confirmed that each fraction above contained corresponding protein phosphatases as proteins. When a phosphotyrosine-containing peptide substrate was examined at pH 7.4, we observed a major peak at 500 kDa, which was presumed to contain receptor-like PTP(s). On the other hand, at pH 5.5, we observed a peak of 18 kDa, which was confirmed to contain a low-molecular-weight PTP. These protein phosphatases have recently been suggested to be involved in stress response and apoptosis. Their physiological roles in the lens are of much interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ogihara Umeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 1091-1, Suwarashi, Sagamiko Tsukui, Kanagawa, Japan.
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48
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Tamura Y, Hoshiyama M, Inui K, Nakata H, Qiu Y, Ugawa Y, Inoue K, Kakigi R. Facilitation of A -fiber-mediated acute pain by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neurology 2004; 62:2176-81. [PMID: 15210878 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000130081.96533.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the motor cortex modulates acute and chronic pain perception. The authors previously showed that rTMS over the primary motor cortex (M1) inhibited capsaicin-induced acute pain ascending through C-fibers. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of 1-Hz rTMS over M1 on acute experimentally induced pain mediated by Adelta-fibers (i.e., another type of acute pain). METHODS The authors examined whether rTMS over M1 affected laser evoked potentials (LEPs) in 13 normal subjects using thulium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser stimulation. Subjective pain-rating scores and LEPs obtained under three different conditions--rTMS, realistic sham stimulation, and a control condition with no stimulation--were compared. RESULTS The authors found that 1-Hz rTMS over M1 significantly aggravated the subjective pain and enhanced the N2-P2 amplitudes compared with the sham or control sessions. Because the pain-rating scores and the N2-P2 amplitudes correlated positively, the N2-P2 amplitudes in the present study can be regarded as the cortical correlate of subjective pain. CONCLUSIONS Together with the authors' previous study on C-fiber pain, this facilitatory effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on Adelta-fiber-mediated further strengthens the notion of a relationship between repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over M1 and pain perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tamura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
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Kubo S, Takimoto H, Nakata H, Yoshimine T. Carbon dioxide insufflation for chronic subdural haematoma: a simple addition to burr-hole irrigation and closed-system drainage. Br J Neurosurg 2004; 17:547-50. [PMID: 14756484 DOI: 10.1080/02688690310001626859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Burr-hole irrigation with closed-system drainage is a common surgical method used for chronic subdural haematoma. However, the subdural space with air that entered during surgery sometimes remains for a prolonged period after surgery and may hamper uncomplicated healing of the subdural space. We combined a simple procedure, insufflation of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the subdural space through a drainage catheter, with conventional burr-hole irrigation and closed-system drainage. By this additional procedure, both the subdural space and the gas within the space decreased rapidly, and the subdural drain could be removed within 24 h. By promoting obliteration of the subdural space, this simple combined technique may contribute to early recovery and discharge of patients, and to a reduction in the recurrence rate of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kubo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Neurological Institute, Osaka, Japan.
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Koh Y, Nakata H, Maeda K, Ogata H, Bilcer G, Devasamudram T, Kincaid JF, Boross P, Wang YF, Tie Y, Volarath P, Gaddis L, Harrison RW, Weber IT, Ghosh AK, Mitsuya H. Novel bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane-containing nonpeptidic protease inhibitor (PI) UIC-94017 (TMC114) with potent activity against multi-PI-resistant human immunodeficiency virus in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 47:3123-9. [PMID: 14506019 PMCID: PMC201142 DOI: 10.1128/aac.47.10.3123-3129.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed, synthesized, and identified UIC-94017 (TMC114), a novel nonpeptidic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitor (PI) containing a 3(R),3a(S),6a(R)-bis-tetrahydrofuranylurethane (bis-THF) and a sulfonamide isostere which is extremely potent against laboratory HIV-1 strains and primary clinical isolates (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)], approximately 0.003 micro M; IC(90), approximately 0.009 micro M) with minimal cytotoxicity (50% cytotoxic concentration for CD4(+) MT-2 cells, 74 micro M). UIC-94017 blocked the infectivity and replication of each of HIV-1(NL4-3) variants exposed to and selected for resistance to saquinavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, or ritonavir at concentrations up to 5 micro M (IC(50)s, 0.003 to 0.029 micro M), although it was less active against HIV-1(NL4-3) variants selected for resistance to amprenavir (IC(50), 0.22 micro M). UIC-94017 was also potent against multi-PI-resistant clinical HIV-1 variants isolated from patients who had no response to existing antiviral regimens after having received a variety of antiviral agents. Structural analyses revealed that the close contact of UIC-94017 with the main chains of the protease active-site amino acids (Asp-29 and Asp-30) is important for its potency and wide spectrum of activity against multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants. Considering the favorable pharmacokinetics of UIC-94017 when administered with ritonavir, the present data warrant that UIC-94017 be further developed as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of primary and multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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