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Lin HT, Zheng CM, Tsai CH, Chen CL, Chou YC, Zheng JQ, Lin YF, Lin CW, Chen YC, Sun CA, Chen JT. The Association between Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Degeneration: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Biomedicines 2024; 12:727. [PMID: 38672083 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), particularly its exudative form, is a primary cause of vision impairment in older adults. As diabetes becomes increasingly prevalent in aging, it is crucial to explore the potential relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and AMD. This study aimed to assess the risk of developing overall, non-exudative, and exudative AMD in individuals with DR compared to those without retinopathy (non-DR) based on a nationwide population study in Taiwan. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database (NHIRD) (2000-2013). A total of 3413 patients were placed in the study group (DR) and 13,652 in the control group (non-DR) for analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the development of AMD, adjusting for confounding factors, such as age, sex, and comorbid conditions. RESULTS Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated a significantly higher cumulative incidence of AMD in the DR group compared to the non-DR group (log-rank test, p < 0.001). Adjusted analyses revealed that individuals with DR faced a greater risk of overall AMD, with an aHR of 3.50 (95% CI = 3.10-3.95). For senile (unspecified) AMD, the aHR was 3.45 (95% CI = 3.04-3.92); for non-exudative senile AMD, it was 2.92 (95% CI = 2.08-4.09); and for exudative AMD, the aHR was 3.92 (95% CI = 2.51-6.14). CONCLUSION DR is a significant risk factor for both overall, senile, exudative, and non-exudative AMD, even after adjusting for demographic and comorbid conditions. DR patients tend to have a higher prevalence of vascular comorbidities; however, our findings indicate that the ocular pathologies inherent to DR might have a more significant impact on the progression to AMD. Early detection and appropriate treatment of AMD is critically important among DR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Tsai
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Long Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Quan Zheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 110, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Chen Chen
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Torng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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To SY, Lin HT, Liao CC, Pan KT, Wen YL, Kao S, Kao LT. Association between amiodarone use and risk of cataract: a population-based active-comparator study. Postgrad Med J 2024:qgae034. [PMID: 38507113 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite previous concerns about ocular side effects related to amiodarone, the relationship between amiodarone and cataract remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential association between amiodarone use and the subsequent risk of cataract, taking into account potential confounders. METHODS This population-based, active comparator-controlled cohort study utilized the data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance program and involved adults over 40 years old between 2001 and 2013. We analyzed 12 055 new amiodarone users and contrasted them with a propafenone user cohort. The primary outcome was the incidence of cataract. Inverse-probability treatment-weighting (IPTW) was further used to eliminate the potential confounding effects, and Cox proportional-hazard regression analyses were performed to calculate the risk of cataract. Serial subgroup analyses were also performed. RESULTS In the main analysis, amiodarone users did not exhibit a significant causal relationship in both full cohort [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.994, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.913-1.082] and IPTW cohort (IPTW-aHR 0.977, 95% CI: 0.900-1.060). Furthermore, it is important to highlight a significantly reduced risk of cataract among patients with heart failure (IPTW-aHR 0.708, 95% CI: 0.554-0.905) and during the 2-year follow-up period (IPTW-aHR 0.889, 95% CI: 0.794-0.996), implying potential advantages linked to the use of amiodarone. CONCLUSIONS The study found no increased risk of cataract with amiodarone, one of the most frequently used antiarrhythmic medications, compared to the use of propafenone. Future research is recommended to explore potential mechanisms and their implications for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yin To
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Liao
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Ting Pan
- Bartlett School, Institute of Environmental Design and Engineering, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- National Defense Medical Centre, Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Liang Wen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Senyeong Kao
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Kao
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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3
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Lin CW, Zheng JQ, Tzou KY, Fang YA, Kao WT, Lin HT, Liu JC, Huang YH, Lin YF, Lu KC, Dong SW, Zheng CM, Wu CC. Influenza vaccination is associated with lower risk of renal cell carcinoma among chronic kidney disease patients: a population-based cohort study. Clin Kidney J 2023; 16:1936-1946. [PMID: 37915887 PMCID: PMC10616448 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients possess a higher risk for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) possibly because of related underlying inflammation and immune dysregulation. In the current population-based cohort study, we evaluate the effects of influenza vaccination on RCC among CKD patients. Methods We analysed the vaccinated and unvaccinated CKD patients (≥55 years of age) identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. Propensity score matching was used to reduce the selection bias. Subgroup analyses based on comorbid conditions, dialysis status and vaccinated dosages were also conducted. Results The incidence of RCC decreased significantly in the vaccinated compared with unvaccinated group {unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.50 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31-0.81], P < .01; adjusted HR 0.46 [95% CI 0.28-0.75], P < .01}. Such protective effects of influenza vaccination were noted significantly among those ≥75 years of age [unadjusted HR 0.29 (95% CI 0.12-0.74), P < .01; adjusted HR 0.22 (95% CI 0.08-0.58), P < .01]. A reverse association was noted between the total number of vaccinations and RCC events in both unadjusted and adjusted models. The Kaplan-Meier estimates of the RCC events showed significantly higher free survival rates in the vaccinated as compared with the unvaccinated patients (logrank P = .005). Conclusion This population-based cohort study found a significant inverse relationship between influenza vaccination and the risk of RCC in CKD patients and the protective effects were more prominent in patients >75 years of age. A possible relation exists between the total number of vaccinations and RCC events. Future randomized clinical and basic studies will be needed to prove these findings and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Quan Zheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yi Tzou
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University Research Centre of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ann Fang
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tang Kao
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University Research Centre of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chi Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Huang
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wei Dong
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Taipei Medical University Research Centre of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Wu
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University Research Centre of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Su ZC, Chang CH, Jhou JC, Lin HT, Lin CF. Ultra-thin Ag/Si heterojunction hot-carrier photovoltaic conversion Schottky devices for harvesting solar energy at wavelength above 1.1 µm. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5388. [PMID: 37012262 PMCID: PMC10070618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31982-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional silicon solar cells can only absorb the solar spectrum at wavelengths below 1.1 μm. Here we proposed a breakthrough in harvesting solar energy below Si bandgap through conversion of hot carriers generated in the metal into a current using an energy barrier at the metal-semiconductor junction. Under appropriate conditions, the photo-excited hot carriers can quickly pass through the energy barrier and lead to photocurrent, maximizing the use of excitation energy and reducing waste heat consumption. Compared with conventional silicon solar cells, hot-carrier photovoltaic conversion Schottky device has better absorption and conversion efficiency for an infrared regime above 1.1 μm, expands the absorption wavelength range of silicon-based solar cells, makes more effective use of the entire solar spectrum, and further improves the photovoltaic performance of metal-silicon interface components by controlling the evaporation rate, deposition thickness, and annealing temperature of the metal layer. Finally, the conversion efficiency 3.316% is achieved under the infrared regime with a wavelength of more than 1100 nm and an irradiance of 13.85 mW/cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zih-Chun Su
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Chang
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ci Jhou
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Graduate Institute of Advance Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fuh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan.
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Chen WR, Wang JH, Zhang Y, Chen H, Lin HT. [Attention should be paid to glaucoma following pediatric cataract surgery]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 58:321-325. [PMID: 35511657 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20220217-00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma following cataract surgery is one of the common complications after pediatric cataract surgery, and it is the main cause of "second blindness" in children. Since this atypical disease is difficult to diagnose and evaluate, it has been gradually paid more attention by clinicians. There are still some controversies and challenges related to the characteristics of the disease, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options. This article discusses the definition, diagnostic criteria, related risk factors, treatment strategies, follow-up, and prognoses of glaucoma following cataract surgery. Establishment of a diagnosis and treatment system can better improve the visual rehabilitation of pediatric cataract children.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - J H Wang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H Chen
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H T Lin
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Hsu CYY, Tu JCY, Chung CH, Sun CA, Chien WC, Lin HT. Risk of Dry Eye Syndrome in Patients with Orbital Fracture: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9050605. [PMID: 34070017 PMCID: PMC8157863 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether orbital fracture increases the risk of dry eye syndrome (DES) and identified the profile of prognostic factors. We studied a cohort from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Overall, 46,179 and 184,716 participants were enrolled in the study and control groups, respectively. Each patient in the case group was age- and gender-matched to four individuals without orbital fracture that served as the control group. Cox proportional hazards analysis regression was used to estimate the risks of incident DES. During the follow-up period, the case group was more likely to develop incident DES (0.17%) than the control group (0.11%) (p = 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the case group had a 4.917-fold increased risk of DES compared to the controls. In the stratified age group, orbital fracture had the highest impact on patients aged 18–29 years. Furthermore, patients with orbital roof fracture have a greater risk of developing DES. Regardless of whether having received surgery or not, the patients with orbital fracture have higher risks of DES. Our study demonstrated that orbital fracture increases the risk of developing subsequent DES. Early recognition by thorough examinations with raised awareness in the clinical setting could preserve visual function and prevent further complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Yi-Yu Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan;
| | - Junior Chun-Yu Tu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chung Gung Medical University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association (TIPSPA), Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
- Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association (TIPSPA), Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-C.C.); (H.-T.L.); Tel.: +886-2-87923311 (ext. 19189) (W.-C.C.); +886-2-87923311 (H.-T.L.); Fax: +886-2-87927235 (W.-C.C.)
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-C.C.); (H.-T.L.); Tel.: +886-2-87923311 (ext. 19189) (W.-C.C.); +886-2-87923311 (H.-T.L.); Fax: +886-2-87927235 (W.-C.C.)
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Lin HT, Xiang YF, Cui TX, Chen JJ. [Online learning-related visual impairment and preventive measures during the 2019 novel coronvirus outbreak]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2020; 56:E004. [PMID: 32077665 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20200219-00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H T Lin
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Chang TJ, Zheng CM, Wu MY, Chen TT, Wu YC, Wu YL, Lin HT, Zheng JQ, Chu NF, Lin YM, Su SL, Lu KC, Chen JS, Sung FC, Lee CT, Yang Y, Hwang SJ, Wang MC, Hsu YH, Chiou HY, Kao S, Lin YF. Author Correction: Relationship between body mass index and renal function deterioration among the Taiwanese chronic kidney disease population. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2822. [PMID: 32054951 PMCID: PMC7018810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59783-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Jong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Performance Appraisal Section, Secretary Office, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yi Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ting Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chun Wu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lien Wu
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Kidney Disease Prevention Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Quan Zheng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nain-Feng Chu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Me Lin
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Lung Su
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shuen Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- School of Public Health, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Te Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu Yang
- The Division of Nephrology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Jyh Hwang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Kung University Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ho Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Chiou
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Senyeong Kao
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Kidney Disease Prevention Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Shiou YL, Lin HT, Ke LY, Wu BN, Shin SJ, Chen CH, Tsai WC, Chu CS, Lee HC. Very Low-Density Lipoproteins of Metabolic Syndrome Modulates STIM1, Suppresses Store-Operated Calcium Entry, and Deranges Myofilament Proteins in Atrial Myocytes. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060881. [PMID: 31226824 PMCID: PMC6617489 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) are at high risk for atrial myopathy and atrial fibrillation. Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) of MetS (MetS-VLDLs) are cytotoxic to atrial myocytes in vivo and in vitro. The calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) pathway, which is regulated by stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1)/ calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 (Orai1)-mediated store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), is a pivotal mediator of adaptive cardiac hypertrophy. We hypothesized that MetS-VLDLs could affect SOCE and the calcineurin-NFAT pathway. Normal-VLDL and MetS-VLDL samples were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers and individuals with MetS. VLDLs were applied to HL-1 atrial myocytes for 18 h and were also injected into wild-type C57BL/6 male mouse tails three times per week for six weeks. After the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ store was depleted, SOCE was triggered upon reperfusion with 1.8 mM of Ca2+. SOCE was attenuated by MetS-VLDLs, along with reduced transcriptional and membranous expression of STIM1 (P = 0.025), and enhanced modification of O-GlcNAcylation on STIM1 protein, while Orai1 was unaltered. The nuclear translocation and activity of calcineurin were both reduced (P < 0.05), along with the alteration of myofilament proteins in atrial tissues. These changes were absent in normal-VLDL-treated cells. Our results demonstrated that MetS-VLDLs suppressed SOCE by modulating STIM1 at the transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels, resulting in the inhibition of the calcineurin-NFAT pathway, which resulted in the alteration of myofilament protein expression and sarcomere derangement in atrial tissues. These findings may help explain atrial myopathy in MetS. We suggest a therapeutic target on VLDLs to prevent atrial fibrillation, especially for individuals with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Shiou
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Shyi-Jang Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chung Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Sheng Chu
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Institute/Center of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Lin HT, Zheng CM, Wu YC, Chang YH, Chen JT, Liang CM, Chang TJ, Zheng JQ, Tai MC, Lin YF. Diabetic Retinopathy as a Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease Progression: A Multicenter Case⁻Control Study in Taiwan. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030509. [PMID: 30818841 PMCID: PMC6470494 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
It has rarely been studied whether the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) could influence the renal disease progression among all chronic kidney disease (CKD) diabetic patients. This study investigates the characteristics of diabetic patients, with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy and determines the influence of retinopathy in the deterioration of renal function. We conduct a multicenter, longitudinal cohort study based on the Epidemiology and Risk Factors Surveillance of the CKD project (2008–2013) and the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) (2001–2013). A total of 4050 diabetic patients with CKD, 20–85 years of age, from 14 hospitals and the community are included in this study. As compared to CKD patients without DR, CKD patients with DR have a lower baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (39.17 ± 30.36 mL/min per 1.73 m2 vs. 54.38 ± 33.67 mL/min per 1.73 m2 ); poorer glycemic control (higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.85 ± 4.97 vs. 7.29 ± 4.02, p < 0.01); higher proteinuria (urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR )1.94 ± 2.96 g/dL vs. 0.91 ± 2.11 g/dL, p < 0.01); more anemia (Hb 11.22 ± 2.43 g/dL vs. 12.39 ± 3.85 g/dL, p < 0.01), and more hypoalbuminemia (3.88 ± 0.95 g/dL vs. 4.16 ± 1.74 g/dL, p < 0.01). Later stage (stage 3b–5) CKD patients with DR had significantly higher CKD progression compared with patients without DR (OR (odds ratio) 1.66 (1.36–2.02)). Patients with proliferative DR had significantly higher CKD progression events compared to patients with non-proliferative DR (OR 2.18 (1.71–2.78)). The presence and severity of DR is a risk factor for CKD progression among our Taiwanese CKD patients with diabetes. Prevention and early detection of DR are important and DR should be routinely screened as early as possible among diabetic CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Chun Wu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Jiann-Torng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Chang-Min Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Tian-Jong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Performance Appraisal Section, Secretary Office, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Quan Zheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Cheng Tai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 235, Taiwan.
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11
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Abstract
For studies related to cardiovascular physiology or pathophysiology, blood pressure (BP) and electrocardiography are basic observational parameters. Research focusing on cardiovascular disease models, potential cardiovascular therapeutic targets or pharmaceutical agents requires assessment of systemic arterial pressure and heart rhythm changes. In situations where radio telemetry systems are not available or affordable, the technique of femoral artery cannulation is an alternative way to obtain intra-arterial pressure waveform recordings and systemic BP measurements. This technique is economical and can be performed with standard equipment in animal facilities. However, invasive arterial pressure recording requires cannulation of small arteries, which can be a challenging surgical skill. Here, we present step-by-step protocols for femoral artery cannulation procedures. Key procedures include the calibration of the data acquisition system, tissue dissection and femoral artery cannulation, and setup of the arterial cannulation system for pressure recording. Surface electrocardiography recording procedures are also included. We also present examples of BP recordings from normotensive and hypertensive rats. This protocol allows reliable direct recordings of systemic BP with simultaneous electrocardiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ting Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Hematology and Oncology, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Yi-Lin Shiou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Wun-Jyun Jhuang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University; Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University; Institute/Center of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University;
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Lee LC, Huang KH, Chen YH, Lin HT, Hsu CC, Tai MC, Liang CM, Chen JT, Chen CL. Optical coherence tomography angiography in unilateral multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14259. [PMID: 30681623 PMCID: PMC6358364 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) has the advantage to visualize the microvascular structure of the retina in vivo and was utilized clinically in various neovascular retinal diseases. The OCT-A has also been used to examine the lesion in multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis (MCP). This study aimed to describe a case of MCP and present the disease process of a punched-out lesion in the chorioretina with neovascular activity using OCT-A. PATIENTS CONCERNS A 32-year-old female Caucasian patient presented with a 2-week history of progressive blurred vision in her right eye with photophobia and a diminished temporal visual field. On presentation, her best corrected visual acuity was 6/60 in the right eye with a prominent anterior uveitis seen under slit lamp examination. DIAGNOSES Dilated fundus examination of the right eye showed vitritis and multiple, punched-out yellowish-white lesions over the peripheral retina. Additional multimodal imaging (MMI) were done including fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF), which all revealed characteristic findings of MCP. In general, the diagnosis of unilateral MCP was made. Furthermore, one of the punched-out lesions in the right eye was particularly selected and examined under OCT and OCT-A, which revealed a subretinal elevated lesion with high flow signal under OCT-A. INTERVENTIONS Treatment with oral prednisolone at 30 mg daily with topical prednisolone acetate 1% every 2 hours were prescribed, which were gradually tapered down within a 2-month course. OUTCOMES The patient's best corrected visual acuity of the right eye returned to 6/6 at 2 months after the diagnosis. The flow signal in the OCT-A study of the punched-out lesion had also resolved after steroid treatment. LESSONS The MCP is an uncommon uveitis with multiple inflammatory chorioretinal lesions. Using multimodal imaging technique, physicians can better differentiate these lesions for diagnosis and for further monitoring. Our results demonstrated that these chorioretinal lesions in MCP may display neovascular activities that might not be seen easily using conventional FA or ICGA study. With OCT-A, ophthalmologists could identify and monitor subtle choroidal neovascularization (CNV) changes over these punched-out lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lung-Chi Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Ke-Hao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
- Department of Ophthalmology, Songshan Branch of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Chia-Chen Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Ming-Cheng Tai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Chang-Min Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Jiann-Torng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Ching-Long Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center
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Lin HT, Chan HJ, Ho CW, Tai MC, Chen JT, Liang CM. Impact of hypoxic and mesopic environments on visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and accommodation in subjects with LASIK surgery and aircrew candidate. J Chin Med Assoc 2018; 81:998-1007. [PMID: 30228078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The safety of Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in aircrew was unclear, in addition, LASIK was not yet approved for aircrew of Taiwan Air Force. This study was aimed to evaluate visual performance in LASIK eyes in hypoxic and twilight environment. METHODS 48 myopic eyes of 24 subjects enrolled in this study were divided into LASIK group and control group. Subjects were exposed in hypoxic (15% O2) and mesopic (3 cd/m2) environment. Visual performance was evaluated using the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) visual chart, and Functional Acuity Contrast Test (FACT) before and after the expirement. Physiological parameters of all subjects were measured and recorded throughout the experiment. RESULTS There was no significant difference of the two groups regarding their age, height, weight, and BMI. There is significant difference of preoperative spherical refractive error between the two groups. The results of physiological parameters were similar between two groups. Under normoxic conditions, there were no significant difference regarding distant vision in photopic and mesopic environments, so as for near vision. As a whole, the contrast sensitivity of the LASIK group were lowered than that of the control group about 35%, under whether normoxic or hypoxic conditions; photopic or mesopic circumstances. Under normoxic conditions, the measured accommodation of the LASIK group were 21% lowered than that of the control group and 31% lowered under hypoxic circumstances. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference of visual acuity between the two groups regarding hypoxic and mesopic environment, but reduced contrast sensitivity was significant in LASIK group as compared to those of the control group. Accommodation was significantly lowered in LASIK group, compared with control group, in hypoxic environment. Whether postoperative visual performance after LASIK in aircrew during flying duty is safe might need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Ju Chan
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Wen Ho
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Cheng Tai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiann-Torng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chang-Min Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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14
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Lee LC, Weng TH, Huang KH, Lin HT, Liang CM, Tai MC, Chen JT, Chien KH. Application of lateral tarsoconjunctival flap to correct ocular complications of Madelung's disease: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12864. [PMID: 30334997 PMCID: PMC6211917 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Madelung's disease is a specific type of benign symmetric lipomatosis, which is characterized by overgrowing fat distributed at the neck and shoulder. This excessive fat accumulation may occur in different regions, including vital organs, such as the larynx, trachea, or the orbits. Surgery is usually performed to correct the esthetic or functional concern of the affected area. There are only few case reports mentioned about the orbital involvement of this disease. This study aimed to describe a case of Madelung's disease with ocular complications and the successful treatment using tarsoconjunctival flap. PATIENT CONCERNS A 90-year-old obese male presented with decreased visual acuity accompanied with severe band form punctate epithelial erosions and ciliary injections in both eyes. Exophthalmos and ectropion of the lower eyelids were observed. DIAGNOSES Orbital computed tomography revealed a rare entity of Madelung's disease with significant massive deposits of lipomas located symmetrically around the orbit and neck region. INTERVENTIONS Bilateral lateral tarsoconjunctival flaps with lateral tarsal strip procedures were performed to correct the lower eyelid ectropion-related exposure keratopathy. OUTCOMES The patient obtained improved visual acuity, intact and clear corneal surfaces, and perfect lower eyelid positions over both eyes. LESSONS Madelung's disease is a rare condition. There are few reports to describe its ocular complications, due to lipoma overgrowing in the orbit. We shared our successful experience to correct ocular complications using tarsoconjunctival flap technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lung-Chi Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Tsu-Heng Weng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Ke-Hao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital
- Department of Ophthalmology, Songshan Branch of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital
| | | | - Ming-Cheng Tai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital
| | | | - Ke-Hung Chien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital
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15
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Shiou YL, Huang IC, Lin HT, Lee HC. High fat diet aggravates atrial and ventricular remodeling of hypertensive heart disease in aging rats. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 117:621-631. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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16
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Wu XH, Cao QZ, Hu YX, Lin JN, Lin HT, Chen WR, Liu YZ. [Clinical characteristics and surgical effect observation of congenital aniridia combined with cataract]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2017; 53:821-827. [PMID: 29141386 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations, surgical approaches and postoperative prognosis for the cases of congenital aniridia combined with cataract. Methods: In this retrospective case series, 26 patients diagnosed with congenital aniridia combined with cataract were collected from Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from February 2002 to August 2016. The Clinical data were collected to analyze the clinical features, surgical approaches and postoperative prognosis. T-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Twenty-six bilateral congenital aniridia patients were included in the case series, with 50% male cases. The average age for the first visit was (8.72±8.06) years old. Hereditary patients constitutes 30.8% (8/26) of the total number. The proportions for bilateral and unilateral cataracts were 88.5% (23/26) and 11.5% (3/26) respectively, and 49 eyes suffering from both congenital aniridia and cataract were therefore included in the final analysis. The most common morphology cataract subtypes were lamellar cataract (24.5%, 12/49), posterior subcapsular cataract (22.4%, 11/49), and total cataract (18.4%,9/49). The observed ocular comorbidities included nystagmus (36.7%, 18/49), vitreous opacity (28.6%, 14/49), foveal hypoplasia (20.4%, 10/49), ametropia (12.2%, 6/49), exotropia (12.2%, 6/49), congenital glaucoma (12.2%, 6/49), esotropia (4.1%, 2/49), congenital ptosis (4.1%, 2/49), lens ectopia (4.1%, 2/49), scleral staphyloma (2.0%, 1/49) and pigmentary degeneration of retina (2.0%, 1/49). 30.6% (15/49) eyes were performed the cataract extraction surgery. The percentage of postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for ≥0.1 and ≥0.3 were 93.3% (14/15) and 20.0% (3/15) respectively. Evaluated ocular pressure (33.3%, 5/15), severe posterior capsular opacification (PCO) (13.3%, 2/15) and choroidal hemorrhage combined with choroidal detachment (6.7%, 1/15) were detected as the postoperative complications. Followed by cataract extraction, 80.0% (12/15) eyes were sequentially performed the intraocular lens implantation, while, 20.0% (3/12) eyes remained aphakia due to ocular comorbidities. Conclusions: Congenital aniridia combined with cataract are rare diseases, calling for the precious retrospective researches. This disorder tended to affect both eyes and occurred hereditary. The clinical courses of the cases presented progressive features. Ocular comorbidities were the crucial factors to influence the surgical approaches and postoperative prognosis. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2017, 53: 821-827).
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
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17
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Lee HC, Chen CC, Tsai WC, Lin HT, Shiao YL, Sheu SH, Wu BN, Chen CH, Lai WT. Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein of Metabolic Syndrome Modulates Gap Junctions and Slows Cardiac Conduction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12050. [PMID: 28935953 PMCID: PMC5608762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11416-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) is a hallmark of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and each manifestation of MetS is related to atrial fibrillation (AF) risks. Slowed atrial conduction is a mechanism of AF in MetS. We hypothesized that VLDL can modulate and reduce atrial gap junctions. VLDLs were separated from normal (Normal-VLDL) and MetS (MetS-VLDL) individuals. VLDLs (15 µg/g) and equivalent volumes of saline (CTL) were injected respectively to C57BL/6 mice for 6 weeks. Electrocardiograms demonstrated that MetS-VLDL induced prolongation of P wave (P = 0.041), PR intervals (P = 0.014), QRS duration and QTc interval (both P = 0.003), but Normal-VLDL did not. Optical mapping of perfused hearts confirmed slowed conduction on atria and ventricles of MetS-VLDL mice. Slowed cardiac conduction was associated with significant atrial and ventricular remodeling, along with systolic dysfunction and comparable intra-cardiac fibrosis. MetS-VLDL induced downregulation of Cx40 and Cx43 at transcriptional, translational and tissue levels, and it also enhanced O-GlcNAcylation of Cx40 and Cx43. Protein structure analyses predicted O-GlcNAcylation at serine 18 of Cx40 and Cx43 which may impair stability of gap junctions. In conclusion, MetS-VLDL modulates gap junctions and delays both atrial and ventricular conduction. VLDL may contribute to the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute/Center of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Institute/Center of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Shiao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsiung Sheu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wen-Ter Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Pao SI, Chien KH, Lin HT, Tai MC, Chen JT, Liang CM. Effect of microgravity on the mesenchymal stem cell characteristics of limbal fibroblasts. J Chin Med Assoc 2017; 80:595-607. [PMID: 28529022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important for regenerative medicine. Limbal fibroblasts (LFs), present in the corneal limbus, have been shown to possess MSC characteristics, and can differentiate into other cell types. The current study sought to investigate the effect of microgravity on the proliferation and differentiation of LFs, and identify culture conditions to obtain a high proportion of LFs possessing MSC characteristics. METHODS A rotary cell culture system was used to generate microgravity. Cellular proliferation and MSC marker (CD14, CD45, CD90, CD105, and SSEA4) expression were evaluated by WST-1 test and flow cytometry, respectively. Differentiation of LFs into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes was examined. The effects of LF-conditioned medium on limbal stem cell differentiation were assessed. RESULTS The cellular proliferation rates under microgravity were significantly lower than those under normal gravity (0.44 vs. 0.18 at 24 h, and 0.70 vs. 0.44 at 48 h, both P ≤ 0.004). Higher proportions of cells expressed CD90 (95.33% vs 81.69%), CD105 (95.32% vs 87.96%), and SSEA4 (68.26% vs 26.13%) under microgravity than under normal gravity. The differentiation potential of LFs was more prominent under microgravity. The LF-conditioned medium attenuated the differentiation of limbal corneal epithelial stem cells. CONCLUSION Under microgravity, LFs showed a higher proportion of MSC characteristics and were easily induced into different linage cells. Culture in a microgravity environment may allow harvesting a greater number of MSC-like LFs for stem cell therapy in ocular surface reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-I Pao
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Songshan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ke-Hung Chien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Cheng Tai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiann-Torng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chang-Min Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital & National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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19
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Wei L, Chen JS, Lin HT, Wu CZ, Zheng CM, Chang YC, Chang LC, Lin YF. Atorvastatin from target screening attenuates endothelial cell tube formation and migration by regulating urokinase receptor-related signaling pathway and F/G actin. J Chin Med Assoc 2017; 80:86-95. [PMID: 28159489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis and cytoskeletal transformation are common denominators of many pathological developments. The relationship between angiogenesis, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) signaling pathway, and cytoskeletal transformation is still unknown. In this study, a pGL3-uPAR promoter reporter system combined with Bio-Plex mRNA analysis was established for discovering uPAR modulators to analyze this interconnection. METHODS After screening a set of clinically used drugs, atorvastatin (Ator) was found to significantly affect uPAR expression and its ideal dose, 1 μM, was determined for cell study. Mouse endothelial cell (mEC) models, including tube formation for angiogenesis and wound healing assay for migration, were employed to test the effects on angiogenesis and cytoskeletal transformation with (Group Ator) and without (Group C) the treatment of Ator. RESULTS The mEC tube formation and migration was significantly decreased in Group Ator. Regarding cytoskeleton changes, the ratio of F/G actin by Western blotting and the assembly of F-actin (lamellipodia) by immunofluorescence were attenuated. Furthermore, uPAR and all uPAR-related factors, including integrin α5β3, phosphorylated-focal adhesion kinase, and Rac, revealed a significant reduction when compared with Group C. CONCLUSION We conclude that close regulatory machinery spans angiogenesis, uPAR signaling, and cytoskeletal transformation, and that uPAR modulator Ator can decrease the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton, which may lead to a new approach in angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jin-Shuen Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Ze Wu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ching Chang
- School of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chien Chang
- School of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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20
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Chang YC, Lo WJ, Huang YT, Lin CL, Feng CC, Lin HT, Cheng HC, Yeh SP. Deferasirox has strong anti-leukemia activity but may antagonize theanti-leukemia effect of doxorubicin. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 58:1-12. [PMID: 28140713 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1280604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Deferasirox (DFX), in addition to its iron-chelation property, has marked anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells. However, the activity and mechanism by which DFX inhibits acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells remain to be elucidated. Furthermore, the anti-leukemia effect of combining DFX with currently recommended agents doxorubicin (DOX) and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) has not been studied. In this study, we show that DFX significantly reduces the viability of three AML cell lines, HL60, THP1, and WEHI3 and two primary leukemic cells harvested from AML patients. DFX induces cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and apoptosis and inhibits phosphorylation of ERK. We also showed that DFX antagonizes the anti-leukemic effect of DOX. On the contrary, combining DFX with Ara-C created a synergistic effect. Our study confirms the anti-leukemia activity of DFX and provides important information on how to select a partner drug for DFX for the treatment of AML in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chien Chang
- a Department of Medical Research , Stem Cell Research Lab., China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan.,b Department of Life Science , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jyi Lo
- a Department of Medical Research , Stem Cell Research Lab., China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- a Department of Medical Research , Stem Cell Research Lab., China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chaio-Lin Lin
- a Department of Medical Research , Stem Cell Research Lab., China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Che Feng
- c Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology , China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- a Department of Medical Research , Stem Cell Research Lab., China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Chen Cheng
- b Department of Life Science , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Su-Peng Yeh
- a Department of Medical Research , Stem Cell Research Lab., China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan.,c Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology , China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan.,d China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
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21
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Lee HC, Chiu CC, Chen CC, Huang JW, Lin HT, Hsiao YL, Sheu SH, Hsieh CC. Modulation of potassium channel KCNQ1 transcript in right atrial appendage of patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2016; 222:696-698. [PMID: 27521539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Institute/Center of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chaw-Chi Chiu
- Department of Chest Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chen Chen
- Department of Chest Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Woei Huang
- Department of Chest Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Hsiao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hsiung Sheu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, St. Joseph Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chao Hsieh
- Department of Chest Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan.
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22
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Lin HT, Chang YH. Droplet-Shaped Deep Intraretinal Hemorrhage as Initial Presentation of Von Willebrand Disease Type 1. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2016; 47:1044-1048. [DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20161031-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Su HH, Lin HT, Suen JL, Sheu CC, Yokoyama KK, Huang SK, Cheng CM. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-ligand axis mediates pulmonary fibroblast migration and differentiation through increased arachidonic acid metabolism. Toxicology 2016; 370:116-126. [PMID: 27697457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibroblast migration and differentiation are critical events in fibrogenesis; meanwhile, fibrosis characterizes the pathology of many respiratory diseases. The role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a unique cellular chemical sensor, has been suggested in tissue fibrosis, but the mechanisms through which the AhR-ligand axis influences the fibrotic process remain undefined. In this study, the potential impact of the AhR-ligand axis on pulmonary fibroblast migration and differentiation was analyzed using human primary lung fibroblasts HFL-1 and CCL-202 cells. Boyden chamber-based cell migration assay showed that activated AhR in HFL-1cells significantly enhanced cell migration in response to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and a known AhR antagonist, CH223191, inhibited its migratory activity. Furthermore, the calcium mobilization and subsequent upregulated expression of arachidonic acid metabolizing enzymes, including cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), were observed in TCDD-treated HFL-1 cells, concomitant with elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) secretion. Also, significantly increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin α-SMA), a fibroblast differentiation marker, was also noted in TCDD-treated HFL-1 cells (p<0.05), resulting in a dynamic change in cytoskeleton protein levels and an increase in the nuclear translocation of the myocardin-related transcription factor. Moreover, the enhanced levels of α-SMA expression and fibroblast migration induced by TCDD, PGE2 and LTB4 were abrogated by selective inhibitors for COX-2 and 5-LOX. Knockdown of AhR by siRNA completely diminished intracellular calcium uptake and reduced α-SMA protein verified by promoter-reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Taken together, our results suggested the importance of the AhR-ligand axis in fibroblast migration and differentiation through its capacity in enhancing arachidonic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Ling Suen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Research Resources and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chau Chyun Sheu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kazunari K Yokoyama
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Pharmacological Science, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Japan; Department of Molecular Prevention Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
| | - Chih Mei Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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24
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Talite MJA, Lin HT, Jiang ZC, Lin TN, Huang HY, Heredia E, Flores A, Chao YC, Shen JL, Lin CAJ, Yuan CT. Solid-state, ambient-operation thermally activated delayed fluorescence from flexible, non-toxic gold-nanocluster thin films: towards the development of biocompatible light-emitting devices. Nanotechnology 2016; 27:345701. [PMID: 27405350 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/34/345701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with good biocompatibility have gained much attention in bio-photonics. In addition, they also exhibit a unique photo-physical property, namely thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), by which both singlet and triplet excitons can be harvested. The combination of their non-toxic material property and unique TADF behavior makes AuNCs biocompatible nano-emitters for bio-related light-emitting devices. Unfortunately, the TADF emission is quenched when colloidal AuNCs are transferred to solid states under ambient environment. Here, a facile, low-cost and effective method was used to generate efficient and stable TADF emissions from solid AuNCs under ambient environment using polyvinyl alcohol as a solid matrix. To unravel the underlying mechanism, temperature-dependent static and transient photoluminescence measurements were performed and we found that two factors are crucial for solid TADF emission: small energy splitting between singlet and triplet states and the stabilization of the triplet states. Solid TADF films were also deposited on the flexible plastic substrate with patterned structures, thus mitigating the waveguide-mode losses. In addition, we also demonstrated that warm white light can be generated based on a co-doped single emissive layer, consisting of non-toxic, solution-processed TADF AuNCs and fluorescent carbon dots under UV excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J A Talite
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, Taiwan
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25
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Lee HC, Lin HT, Hsiao YL, Sheu SH, Chen CH, Lai WT, Wu BN. Down Regulation of Atrial Gap Junction in Metabolic Syndrome is Associated with VLDL-Induced O-Linked Glycosylation. Biophys J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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26
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Jiang ZC, Lin TN, Lin HT, Talite MJ, Tzeng TT, Hsu CL, Chiu KP, Lin CAJ, Shen JL, Yuan CT. A Facile and Low-Cost Method to Enhance the Internal Quantum Yield and External Light-Extraction Efficiency for Flexible Light-Emitting Carbon-Dot Films. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19991. [PMID: 26822337 PMCID: PMC4731801 DOI: 10.1038/srep19991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Solution-processed, non-toxic carbon dots (CDs) have attracted much attention due to their unique photoluminescence (PL) properties. They are promising emissive layers for flexible light-emitting devices. To this end, the CDs in pristine aqueous solutions need to be transferred to form solid-state thin films without sacrificing their original PL characteristics. Unfortunately, solid-state PL quenching induced by extra non-radiative (NR) energy transfer among CDs would significantly hinder their practical applications in optoelectronics. Here, a facile, low-cost and effective method has been utilized to fabricate high-performance CD/polymer light-emitting flexible films with submicron-structured patterns. The patterned polymers can serve as a solid matrix to disperse and passivate CDs, thus achieving high internal quantum yields of 61%. In addition, they can act as an out-coupler to mitigate the waveguide-mode losses, approximately doubling the external light-extraction efficiency. Such CD/polymer composites also exhibit good photo-stability, and thus can be used as eco-friendly, low-cost phosphors for solid-state lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Jiang
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - T N Lin
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - H T Lin
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - M J Talite
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - T T Tzeng
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - C L Hsu
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - K P Chiu
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - C A J Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - J L Shen
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
| | - C T Yuan
- Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, 320, Taiwan
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Lee HC, Lin HT, Ke LY, Wei C, Hsiao YL, Chu CS, Lai WT, Shin SJ, Chen CH, Sheu SH, Wu BN. VLDL from Metabolic Syndrome Individuals Enhanced Lipid Accumulation in Atria with Association of Susceptibility to Atrial Fibrillation. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010134. [PMID: 26805814 PMCID: PMC4730373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of metabolic derangements. Dyslipidemia is an important factor in MetS and is related to atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) in MetS (MetS-VLDL) may induce atrial dilatation and vulnerability to AF. VLDL was therefore separated from normal (normal-VLDL) and MetS individuals. Wild type C57BL/6 male mice were divided into control, normal-VLDL (nVLDL), and MetS-VLDL (msVLDL) groups. VLDL (15 µg/g) and equivalent volumes of saline were injected via tail vein three times a week for six consecutive weeks. Cardiac chamber size and function were measured by echocardiography. MetS-VLDL significantly caused left atrial dilation (control, n = 10, 1.64 ± 0.23 mm; nVLDL, n = 7, 1.84 ± 0.13 mm; msVLDL, n = 10, 2.18 ± 0.24 mm; p < 0.0001) at week 6, associated with decreased ejection fraction (control, n = 10, 62.5% ± 7.7%, vs. msVLDL, n = 10, 52.9% ± 9.6%; p < 0.05). Isoproterenol-challenge experiment resulted in AF in young msVLDL mice. Unprovoked AF occurred only in elderly msVLDL mice. Immunohistochemistry showed excess lipid accumulation and apoptosis in msVLDL mice atria. These findings suggest a pivotal role of VLDL in AF pathogenesis for MetS individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chi Wei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Lin Hsiao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Sheng Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ter Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Shyi-Jang Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- New York Heart Research Foundation, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
- Lipid and Glycoimmune Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Hsiung Sheu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Lin TJ, Liang WM, Hsiao PW, M. S P, Wei WC, Lin HT, Yin SY, Yang NS. Rapamycin Promotes Mouse 4T1 Tumor Metastasis that Can Be Reversed by a Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138335. [PMID: 26426423 PMCID: PMC4591294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppression of tumor metastasis is a key strategy for successful cancer interventions. Previous studies indicated that rapamycin (sirolimus) may promote tumor regression activity or enhance immune response against tumor targets. However, rapamycin also exhibits immunosuppressant effects and is hence used clinically as an organ transplantation drug. We hypothesized that the immunosuppressive activities of rapamycin might also negatively mediate host immunity, resulting in promotion of tumor metastasis. In this study, the effects of rapamycin and phytochemical shikonin were investigated in vitro and in vivo in a 4T1 mouse mammary tumor model through quantitative assessment of immunogenic cell death (ICD), autophagy, tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor-bearing mice were immunized with test vaccines to monitor their effect on tumor metastasis. We found that intraperitoneal (ip) administration of rapamycin after a tumor-resection surgery drastically increased the metastatic activity of 4T1 tumors. Possible correlation of this finding to human cancers was suggested by epidemiological analysis of data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Since our previous studies showed that modified tumor cell lysate (TCL)-pulsed, dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccines can effectively suppress metastasis in mouse tumor models, we assessed whether such vaccines may help offset this rapamycin-promoted metastasis. We observed that shikonin efficiently induced ICD of 4T1 cells in culture, and DC vaccines pulsed with shikonin-treated TCL (SK-TCL-DC) significantly suppressed rapamycin-enhanced metastasis and Treg cell expansion in test mice. In conclusion, rapamycin treatment in mice (and perhaps in humans) promotes metastasis and the effect may be offset by treatment with a DC-based cancer vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Jen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University—Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Biostatistics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pradeep M. S
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Chi Wei
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University—Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu-Yi Yin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- * E-mail: (NSY); (SYY)
| | - Ning-Sun Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- * E-mail: (NSY); (SYY)
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Lin TJ, Lin HT, Chang WT, Mitapalli S P, Hsiao PW, Yin SY, Yang NS. Shikonin-enhanced cell immunogenicity of tumor vaccine is mediated by the differential effects of DAMP components. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:174. [PMID: 26403780 PMCID: PMC4582891 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor cell lysate-pulsed, dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine approaches are being actively evaluated for application to cancer immunotherapy, hopefully at a personalized medicine base. There is apparently an emerging technical problem however, the lack of highly efficacious potency in activation of patient's DCs for T-cell priming and the associated process for presenting tumor immunogenicity. METHODS One strategy to address this is to consider the manipulation of the tumor immunogenic cells death (ICD) complex ex-vivo for maximal activation of DC efficacy. In our previous study we showed that phytochemical shikonin (SK) can drastically enhance ICD activity in mouse tumor cells treated ex-vivo, and the resultant tumor cell lysate (TCL) can effectively augment such SK-TCL pulsed DC vaccine activity in vivo in anti-tumor activities. In this study, we investigated the specifics and the multi-functional effects of various damaged associated molecular pattern (DAMP) components of the ICD complex for their participation, roles and potential cross talks in activating DCs, as measured by five different functional assays. RESULTS Among three DAMPs tested, HSP70 and CRT mediate a key role in SK-TCL-induced DC immunity for both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferations in vitro. HSP70 is the most important component, followed by CRT, then HMGB1 in facilitating DC immunity on suppressing metastasis of mouse 4 T1 mammary tumors and prolonging survival in test mice. Only HSP70, but not CRT or HMGB1, is effective for the suppression of both granulocytic and monocytic MDSC populations in vivo. Both HSP70 and HMGB1, but not CRT, are essential in activating the expression of three key ICD molecules-associated receptors on test DCs. Each of the three test ICD proteins can exhibit a distinguishable pattern in stimulating the expression of four key chemokines in test DCs. CONCLUSION Our findings on the differential roles or effect of various ICD components in activating vaccinated DCs may help formulate new strategies for future cancer vaccine designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Jen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University - Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University - Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pradeep Mitapalli S
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Yin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ning-Sun Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Room 641, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Lin HT, Hsu CH, Tsai HJ, Lin CH, Lo PY, Wang SL, Wang LC. Influenza A plasma and serum virus antibody detection comparison in dogs using blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Vet World 2015; 8:580-3. [PMID: 27047138 PMCID: PMC4774716 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.580-583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: The influenza A virus (IAV) is an important zoonotic pathogen with infections also reported in dogs. IAV infections can be detected through the presence of antibodies using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum is the only standard sample source; however, there is no information on the availability of other sample sources for IAV antibody detection in dogs. Compared with serum, plasma is more widely employed in most animal hospitals. The object of this study is to investigate whether plasma collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes (EDTA plasma) or heparin tubes (heparin plasma) could be used in the ELISA protocol instead of serum for IAV antibody detection in dogs. Materials and Methods: Totally, 82 matched EDTA plasma and serum sample pairs and 79 matched heparin plasma and serum sample pairs were employed using blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA). The agreement and correlation between the plasma (EDTA or heparin plasma) and serum were assessed using the agreement index kappa (kD) calculation and Pearson correlation coefficient, respectively. Results: The agreement index kD of EDTA plasma and serum was 1.0, and that of heparin plasma and serum was 0.85. The Pearson correlation coefficient of EDTA plasma and serum was 0.87 (p<0.01), and that of heparin plasma and serum was 0.82 (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results proved that plasma, especially EDTA plasma, could be substituted for serum in the bELISA test. This might greatly expand the clinical applicability of IAV antibody detection in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Lin
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - C H Hsu
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - H J Tsai
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - P Y Lo
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - S L Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - L C Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Lee HC, Wei C, Ke LY, Tsai PS, Lin HT, Shiao YL, Wu BN, Chen CH, Sheu SH. Atherogenic Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein Shortens Atrial Action Potential Duration by Increasing Potassium Currents and Calcium Transient. Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.3196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Chuang SY, Lin HT, Wen YS, Hsu FJ. Pitfalls of CT for deep neck abscess imaging assessment: a retrospective review of 162 cases. B-ENT 2013; 9:45-52. [PMID: 23641590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for the prediction of deep neck abscesses in different deep neck spaces and to evaluate the false-positive results. METHOD We retrospectively analysed the clinical charts, CT examinations, surgical findings, bacteriology, pathological examinations and complications of hospitalised patients with a diagnosis of deep neck abscess from 2004 to 2010. The positive predictive values (PPV) for the prediction of abscesses by CT scan in different deep neck spaces were calculated individually on the basis of surgical findings. RESULTS A total of 162 patients were included in this study. All patients received both intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage. The parapharyngeal space was the most commonly involved space. The overall PPV for the prediction of deep neck abscess with contrast-enhanced CT was 79.6%. The PPV was 91.3% when more than one deep neck space was involved but only 50.0% in patients with isolated retropharyngeal abscesses. In the false-positive group, cellulitis was the most common final result, followed by cystic degeneration of cervical metastases. Five specimens taken intra-operatively revealed malignancy and four of these were not infected. CONCLUSIONS There are some limitations affecting the differentiation of abscesses and cellulitis, particularly in the retropharyngeal space. A central necrotic cervical metastatic lymph node may sometimes also mimic a simple pyogenic deep neck abscess on both clinical pictures and CT images. Routine biopsy of the tissue must be performed during surgical drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chuang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Lin ML, Lu YC, Su HL, Lin HT, Lee CC, Kang SE, Lai TC, Chung JG, Chen SS. Destabilization of CARP mRNAs by aloe-emodin contributes to caspase-8-mediated p53-independent apoptosis of human carcinoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112:1176-91. [PMID: 21308745 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Using short hairpin RNA against p53, transient ectopic expression of wild-type p53 or mutant p53 (R248W or R175H), and a p53- and p21-dependent luciferase reporter assay, we demonstrated that growth arrest and apoptosis of FaDu (human pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma), Hep3B (hepatoma), and MG-63 (osteosarcoma) cells induced by aloe-emodin (AE) are p53-independent. Co-immunoprecipitation and small interfering RNA (siRNA) studies demonstrated that AE caused S-phase cell cycle arrest by inducing the formation of cyclin A-Cdk2-p21 complexes through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Ectopic expression of Bcl-X(L) and siRNA-mediated Bax attenuation significantly inhibited apoptosis induced by AE. Cyclosporin A or the caspase-8 inhibitor Z-IETD-FMK blocked AE-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and prevented increases in reactive oxygen species and Ca(++). Z-IETD-FMK inhibited AE-induced apoptosis, Bax expression, Bid cleavage, translocation of tBid to mitochondria, ERK phosphorylation, caspase-9 activation, and the release of cytochrome c, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and endonuclease G from mitochondria. The stability of the mRNAs encoding caspase-8 and -10-associated RING proteins (CARPs) 1 and 2 was affected by AE, whereas CARP1 or 2 overexpression inhibited caspase-8 activation and apoptosis induced by AE. Collectively, our data indicate AE induces caspase-8-mediated activation of mitochondrial death pathways by decreasing the stability of CARP mRNAs in a p53-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Liang Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shu GW, Lin CC, Lin HT, Lin TN, Shen JL, Chiu CH, Li ZY, Kuo HC, Lin CC, Wang SC, Lin CAJ, Chang WH. Energy transfer from InGaN quantum wells to Au nanoclusters via optical waveguiding. Opt Express 2011; 19 Suppl 2:A194-A200. [PMID: 21445220 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.00a194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present the first observation of resonance energy transfer from InGaN quantum wells to Au nanoclusters via optical waveguiding. Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements provide conclusive evidence of resonance energy transfer and obtain an optimum transfer efficiency of ~72%. A set of rate equations is successfully used to model the kinetics of resonance energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Shu
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanotechnology at CYCU, Chung Yuan Christian University, 32023 Chung-Li, Taiwan
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Lin ML, Lu YC, Chung JG, Wang SG, Lin HT, Kang SE, Tang CH, Ko JL, Chen SS. Down-regulation of MMP-2 through the p38 MAPK-NF-κB-dependent pathway by aloe-emodin leads to inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell invasion. Mol Carcinog 2010; 49:783-97. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.20652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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36
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Lee SC, Lin HT, Yang TY. Artificial neural network analysis for reliability prediction of regional runoff utilization. Environ Monit Assess 2010; 161:315-326. [PMID: 19234752 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-0748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Many factors in the reliability analysis of planning the regional rainwater utilization tank capacity need to be considered. Based on the historical daily rainfall data, the following four analyzing procedures will be conducted: the regional daily rainfall frequency, the amount of runoff, the water continuity, and the reliability. Thereafter, the suggested designed storage capacity can be obtained according to the conditions with the demand and supply reliability. By using the output data, two different types of artificial neural network models are used to build up small area rainfall-runoff supply systems for the simulation of reliability and the prediction model. They are also used for the testing of stability and learning speed assessment. Based on the result of this research, the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) model, using the Gaussian function that has a similar trend as the nature as basic function, has better stability than using the back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model. Despite the fact that RBFNN was more reliable than BPNN, it still made a conservative estimate for the actual monitoring data. The error rate of RBFNN was still higher than the correction of BPNN 4-3-1-1. This should have significant benefit in the future application of the instantaneous prediction or the development of related intelligent instantaneous control equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Lee
- Department of Architecture, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Lin HT, Chen SW, Shen CJ, Chu C. Dissipation of pendimethalin in the garlic (Allium sativum L.) under subtropical condition. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2007; 79:84-6. [PMID: 17522749 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-007-9100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H T Lin
- Residue Control Department, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, 11. Kuang-Ming Rd, Wufeng, Taichung Hsien, Taiwan.
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Holmberg DG, Chen GS, Lin HT, Wo AM. Thermal modeling and performance analysis of a thermoacoustic refrigerator. J Acoust Soc Am 2003; 114:782-791. [PMID: 12942961 DOI: 10.1121/1.1590971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigerator has been designed and tested. A detailed thermal model of the device is presented. Energy balances within the system are discussed using external, heat exchanger, and stack control volumes in order to clarify the relationships of work and heat fluxes below and above onset. Thermal modeling is discussed as a tool for performance analysis as well as for determining system heat losses and finding input heat flows required by a thermoacoustic code. A method of using the control volume balance equations to find stack work and device efficiencies is presented. Experimental measurements are compared to DELTAE thermoacoustic modeling predictions. Modeling results show that viscous losses within the system have a significant impact on the device performance as well as on the ability of DELTAE to accurately predict performance. Modeling has led to an understanding of system performance and highlighted loss sources that are areas for improvement in a redesign.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Holmberg
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Abstract
The environmental fate and distribution of fungicide epoxiconazole were studied by a rice paddy field model ecosystem. One week before the head-sprouting stage, rice plant was treated separately once with OPUS (tradename of epoxiconazole) 12% SC 2.1 kg ha(-1) and 1.4 kg ha(-1), respectively. Soil, water and rice plant were sampled seven days intervals nine times after application. The bioconcentration factor of epoxiconazole on mosquito fish in the ecosystem was also determined, based on the amounts of epoxiconazole content both in fish and water. This was initiated one day after the fungicide treatment, and continued for four days. In addition, the residue of epoxiconazole in rice grains was analyzed after harvest. After harvest, both planted water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk) and edible amaranth (Amaranthus mangostanüs L.) were analyzed. The results showed that epoxiconazole degraded in the local environment under the experimental conditions described. The degradation equations were in accordance with the first order kinetics. The DT50 of soil, field water and rice plant were 20-69 days, 11-20 days and 14-39 days, respectively. The bioconcentration factors of epoxiconazole on mosquito fish were 12.9 and 10.6 from 2.1 kg ha(-1) and 1.4 kg ha(-1) treatment, respectively. Residues of epoxiconazole in both rice and harvest vegetables were non-detectable. This indicates that epoxiconazole applied to rice at the recommended rates and application frequencies will not accumulate on rice grain and successive cropping vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Lin
- Residue Control Department, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Wufeng, ROC.
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Chin C, Chiueh TS, Yang WC, Yang TH, Shih CM, Lin HT, Lin KC, Lien JC, Tsai TF, Ruo SL, Nichol ST, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Peters CJ, Wu TN, Shen CY. Hantavirus infection in Taiwan: the experience of a geographically unique area. J Med Virol 2000; 60:237-47. [PMID: 10596027 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(200002)60:2<237::aid-jmv21>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are rodent-borne viruses, and they, mainly the Hantaan (HTN) serotype, are the causative agents of a group of febrile nephropathies known as "hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). " Despite the fact that HFRS is frequently reported in China, with an annual incidence of 50,000-100,000 cases, one puzzling observation that no local case of HFRS has been confirmed in Taiwan has yet to be explained. We hypothesized that the hantavirus strain prevailing in Taiwan mainly belongs to the mild strain, the Seoul (SEO) strain, and the absence of severe disease was related to the absence of HTN. To test these hypotheses, this epidemiologic study was performed, including a seroprevalence survey and phylogenetic analysis on hantavirus isolated from the rodent population trapped in major seaports, rural, and mountainous areas of Taiwan. This study also included rodents and viruses from two isolated islands, Kinmen and Matzu, which are geographically adjacent to the east coast of mainland China. There were a total of 5,461 rodents of 16 species captured, and R. norvegicus was the most common species, with an antibody prevalence much higher in international seaports (20%) than in rural regions (approximately 5%) and intermediate in some domestic seaports. By reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 33.9% of the seropositive R. norvegicus were found to have amplifiable hantavirus sequences in their lung tissues, and subsequent phylogenetic analyses indicated that almost all hantavirus in Taiwan was most closely related to the prototype SEO strain, and no HTN strain was recovered from any rodent species indigenous to Taiwan. The seroprevalence of SEO infection in R. norvegicus on Kinmen and Matzu was also different from that in southern provinces of China but closely resembled that in seaports in Taiwan, and the SEO identified was genetically linked to Taiwanese SEO strains. These results substantiate our hypotheses, and suggest that the epidemiology of hantavirus infection in Taiwan are different from that in China, where the HTN and SEO strains and HFRS concurrently prevail.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chin
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yen GC, Lin HT. Changes in volatile flavor components of guava juice with high-pressure treatment and heat processing and during storage. J Agric Food Chem 1999; 47:2082-2087. [PMID: 10552500 DOI: 10.1021/jf9810057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The changes in volatile flavor components of guava juice during pressure processing (25 degrees C, 600 MPa, 15 min), heat processing (95 degrees C, 5 min), and storage at 4 and 25 degrees C were evaluated by purge and trap/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Esters were the major volatile fraction in guava juice, and alcohols were the second. Pressure processing could maintain the original flavor distribution of the juice. Heat processing (95 degrees C, 5 min) caused decreases in the majority of flavor components in the juice when compared with freshly extracted juice. High-pressure treatment at 600 MPa for 15 min can effectively sterilize microbes but partially inactivate enzymes of guava juice; therefore, volatile components in pressure-treated juice gradually changed during storage periods. Pressure-treated guava juice showed increases in methanol, ethanol, and 2-ethylfuran with decreases in the other components during storage period. Nevertheless, the volatile distribution of 600 MPa treated guava juice was similar to that of freshly extracted juice when stored at 4 degrees C for 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Yen
- Department of Food Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Abstract
Effects of high pressure treatment on changes in pectic substances in guava juice were investigated and compared with those of heat treated samples. The viscosity and turbidity of guava juice pressurized at 6000 atm and 25 degrees C for 10 min increased slightly, whereas the viscosity of juice heated at 95 degrees C for 5 min decreased from 362 to 285 cps while turbidity increased from 0.87 to 1.15 (OD 600 nm). There were no apparent changes in water soluble, oxalate soluble and alkali soluble pectins in the pressurized juice. However, heat treated juice exhibited a decrease in its water and alkali soluble pectins and a slight increase in oxalate soluble pectin. The DEAE-cellulose profiles of pectic substances in guava juice were apparently unchanged after high pressure treatment while they were markedly changed by heat treatment, due to coagulation or degradation. During thermal processing, the degradation of pectin in guava juice caused a decrease in viscosity while the coagulation of pectin resulted in an increase in turbidity and cloud content. High pressure treatment showed no marked changes in pectic substances and cloud content in guava juice and maintained its natural viscous properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Yen
- Department of Food Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Yu CJ, Shew JY, Shun CT, Lin HT, Kuo SH, Luh KT, Yang PC. Quantitative analysis of mRNA encoding MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5AC genes: a correlation between specific mucin gene expression and sialomucin expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1998; 18:643-52. [PMID: 9569234 DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.18.5.3051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of mucins is important for tumor invasiveness and metastasis. In our previous report (Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1997; 155:1419-1427), non-small cell lung cancers bearing sialomucin expression tended to relapse earlier than those without sialomucin. However, it remained unclear whether the expression of sialomucin in lung cancer is caused by an abnormal glycosylation process or by the expression of a specific mucin gene product. To address this problem, we established a modified quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (QC-PCR) analysis. RNA internal standards of MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5AC non-tandem repeat sequences were constructed, and known copy numbers of mucin RNA internal standards were introduced into reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) for each mucin gene in order to compete with native mucin gene RNA during the reaction. The RNA of Gbeta-like gene (a housekeeping gene) was used as internal control for the RNA analysis. Twenty-five lung cancer tissues (13 adenocarcinomas and 12 squamous cell carcinomas) were used for analysis. Mann-Whitney rank sum test was applied to compare the expression amounts of different mucin genes in tissues. The results revealed that adenocarcinoma expressed higher amounts of MUC5AC gene than did squamous cell carcinoma (P = 0.03). The expression amount of MUC5AC correlated positively with the expression status of sialomucin (P = 0.012). Further studies are anticipated to elucidate the underlying mechanism contributing to this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Yu
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Pathology, and Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lin WY, Kao CH, Lin HT, Wang YL, Wang SJ, Liu TJ. 99Tcm-HMPAO-labelled white blood cell scans to detect acute appendicitis in older patients with an atypical clinical presentation. Nucl Med Commun 1997; 18:75-8. [PMID: 9061706 DOI: 10.1097/00006231-199701000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Forty-nine patients (age > 50 years) with an acute abdomen and suspected appendicitis, but with atypical findings, were included in the study. After the intravenous injection of 99Tcm-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (99Tcm-HMPAO) labelled white blood cells (WBCs), serial anterior images of the abdomen and pelvis were obtained after 30, 60, 120 and 240 min. Any abnormal localization of WBC accumulation in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen equal to or greater than bone marrow activity was considered positive. Twenty-five patients had positive WBC scans, all of whom underwent laparotomy. Twenty-three of these patients were shown to have appendicitis; the other 2 did not. The other 24 patients had a negative WBC scan, 2 of whom underwent laparotomy and were shown to have appendicitis; the other 22 patients did not undergo surgery and showed no evidence of appendicitis during follow-up. The overall sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values of WBC scans for diagnosing appendicitis were as follows: 92.0%, 91.7%, 91.8%, 92.0% and 91.7% respectively. In conclusion, 99Tcm-HMPAO-labelled WBC scans provide a rapid and highly accurate method for diagnosing appendicitis in older patients with equivocal clinical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
Fifty female patients with acute abdomen and suspected appendicitis but atypical findings were included in this study. After intravenous injection of Tc-99m HMPAO-labeled WBCs, serial anterior abdominal/pelvic images at 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes were obtained by a gamma camera. Any abnormal localization of WBC accumulation in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen with equal to or greater than bone marrow activity was considered as a positive scan. Thirty patients had positive WBC scans and underwent laparotomy, 28 had proven appendicitis, and 2 were not related to appendicitis. Twenty patients had negative WBC scans, 2 patients underwent laparotomy and were proved to have appendicitis. The remaining 18 patients did not undergo surgery and revealed no evidence of appendicitis after follow-up. The overall sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values for WBC scans to diagnose appendicitis is 93.3%, 90.0%, 92.0%, 93.3%, and 90.0%, respectively. In conclusion, Tc-99m HMPAO-labeled WBC imaging provides a rapid and highly accurate method for diagnosis of appendicitis in female patients with equivocal clinical examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Tang Y, Lin HT, Rich DH, Colter P, Vernon SM. Nonlinear optical effects in strain-induced laterally ordered (InP)2/(GaP)2 quantum wires. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 53:R10501-R10504. [PMID: 9982716 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.r10501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Abstract
The speed of Tc-99m DTPA/HMPAO radioaerosol clearance from the lungs that is represented as a slope from lungs to blood was measured in 23 male normal controls using commercial lung radioaerosol delivery units in the supine position in order to avoid the influences of gravity. The right lung was selected and three regions of interest were created for equal subdivisions of the upper, middle, and lower third. The results show that the clearance of Tc-99m DTPA/HMPAO aerosols in the upper lung is slowest. The differences between upper and lower lungs for Tc-99m DTPA/HMPAO aerosol clearances are significant. The clearance of Tc-99m DTPA aerosols was significantly faster than those of Tc-99m HMPAO in any region. The authors conclude that, although the effect of gravity disappears in the supine position in our study, the differences of aerosol clearance in different regions are still significant. Lipophilic Tc-99m HMPAO aerosols were slower than those of hydrophilic Tc-99m DTPA, which suggests there are at least two different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kao CH, Lin HT, Yu SL, Wang SJ, Lan JL. Effects of corticosteroid inhalation therapy on the deposition pattern of Tc-99m human serum albumin radioaerosols in asthma. Lung 1995; 173:291-6. [PMID: 7564487 DOI: 10.1007/bf00176892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of steroid inhalation on the deposition pattern of Tc-99m human serum albumin (Tc-99m HSA) radioaerosols in 25 asthma patients. A total of 12 normal controls also underwent the same examination. The pattern of radioaerosol deposition was quantitatively evaluated as the percentage of total deposition (PTD) in the central, intermediate, and peripheral regions of the right lung. The baseline PTD was calculated before and after the administration of a 1-week course of inhalation therapy of 0.05 mg beclomethasone dipropionate four times daily. There were significant differences in PTD between normal controls and asthma patients. Significant differences were also found before and after corticosteroid inhalation therapy in asthma patients. In conclusion, a week-long course of beclomethasone dipropionate inhalation therapy does influence the deposition patterns of aerosols in asthma patients, based on the findings of Tc-99m HSA radioaerosol inhalation lung scintigraphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kao CH, Wang RC, Lin HT, Yu SL, Wang SJ, Chiang CD. Alveolar integrity in pulmonary emphysema using technetium-99m-DTPA and technetium-99m-HMPAO radioaerosol inhalation lung scintigraphy. J Nucl Med 1995; 36:68-72. [PMID: 7799085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The alveolar integrity (AI) in 17 male patients with pulmonary emphysema (EMPH) diagnosed by chest x-ray was measured by 99mTc-DTPA and 99mTc-HMPAO radioaerosol inhalation lung scintigraphy. METHODS The patients were divided into two groups: (A) nine patients with pulmonary emphysema and normal carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) and (B) eight patients with pulmonary emphysema and abnormal DLCO. The degree of AI damage in EMPH was presented as the slope of the time-activity curves from the dynamic left lung imagings in DTPA and HMPAO. The AI of EMPH patients were compared with the AI of 16 normal controls. RESULTS The results show that: (1) the slope of DTPA is larger than that of HMPAO in each of the portions of the left lung for any of the study groups; (2) statistical differences were found between the normal controls and EMPH patients in HMPAO but not in DTPA; and (3) the correlation was not good between DLCO and DTPA/HMPAO in EMPH patients. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that: (1) at least two different mechanisms in the lungs were at work; (2) the AI damage in EMPH developed mainly in the lipophilic part of the alveoli; and (3) the AI damage presented as slopes of DTPA/HMPAO in our study was different from the traditional pulmonary function such as DLCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kao CH, Lin HT, Yu SL, Wang SJ, Lan JL. Lung inflammation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus detected by quantitative 67Ga-citrate lung scanning. Nucl Med Commun 1994; 15:928-31. [PMID: 7870401 DOI: 10.1097/00006231-199411000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The severity of lung inflammation in 34 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was measured by quantitative 67Ga-citrate lung scanning. The severity of lung inflammation in SLE was represented by the 67Ga uptake index (GUI). Quantitative 67Ga lung scanning was also performed on 20 normal controls for comparison with the SLE patients. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to the following two criteria: (a) stable or flare stage according to clinical features; or (b) positive or negative results of chest X-ray. The GUI values of the subgroups were also compared. The results revealed a trend towards higher values of GUI in SLE patients than in the normal controls. The GUI values were also higher for SLE cases with a flare stage or a negative chest X-ray than in SLE cases with a stable stage or a positive chest X-ray. The statistical results reveal that the differences in the GUI values are not significant. However, we found that (1) positive chest X-ray findings may be a later manifestation of a lung inflammation and (2) the values of GUI parallel clinical features in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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