1
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Lee SY, Lim HS, Yie HY, Rhee KJ, Kim SM, Seo YI. A study on the estimation of area of origin of swing cast-off pattern. J Forensic Sci 2024; 69:1069-1074. [PMID: 38505991 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
In bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA), a field of forensic science, there has been active discussion on the estimation of the area of origin of impact spatter. However, there is no established methodology to quantitatively analyze the area of origin of a swing cast-off pattern. To quantitatively analyze the methodology of previous research on estimation of area of origin, a device for generating uniform swing cast-off patterns was produced. Using artificial blood, 10 swing cast-off patterns were generated on porous paper; in each, 10 blood drops were selected for the calculation of the impact angle. Hemospat software was used for individual bloodstain analysis, and an open source code was used for estimation of area of origin. Under the same conditions, an additional 10 swing cast-off patterns were generated, and quantitative analysis was performed using trigonometric functions and an adjustment formula that minimized errors in calculating the impact angle. The adjustment formula was corrected to calculate the impact angle for the bloodstains on the porous surface. As uncertainty decreases, the error increases, and the point at which both uncertainty and error can be minimized is calculated as 75%. The existing formula included the trajectory in the estimated likelihood range in 75% of samples. When the adjustment formula was applied, the accuracy was improved, with the trajectory included in the area with a 90% likelihood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yoon Lee
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Seon Lim
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yong Yie
- Safety Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Kim
- Gangwon Provincial Police, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Il Seo
- Safety Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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2
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Teh KH, Thilak J, Lim HS, Yahaya AA, Kamarul-Bahrin ZA. Near-miss Thoracic Spine Solitary Plasmacytoma with Neurological Deficit during Pregnancy: A Case Report. Malays Orthop J 2022; 16:139-142. [PMID: 36589377 PMCID: PMC9791899 DOI: 10.5704/moj.2211.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Solitary plasmacytoma (SPC) account for only 5% of plasma cell neoplasms, and the literature hardly reports spinal SPC with a neurological deficit. Furthermore, spinal surgical intervention during pregnancy is rarely encountered and often requires multidisciplinary collaboration and management. The objective of this case report is to highlight this near-miss diagnosis and spinal surgical intervention during pregnancy. A 31-year-old woman with 24 weeks gestation presented with sudden paralysis and incontinence, with an underlying history of chronic backpain over a two-month period. Initially, she was treated for musculoskeletal back pain by obstetric colleagues during an antenatal visit, and no radiograph was performed. A non-contrasted spinal MRI was eventually requested when she started to show bilateral lower limb weakness, numbness and incontinence. The MRI highlighted thoracic vertebrae T11 vertebra plana with kyphotic deformity and a paraspinal soft tissue mass compressing the spinal cord causing spinal cord oedema. Our initial working diagnosis was spinal tuberculosis (TB), considering TB is highly endemic in Malaysia. However, TB workup was negative, and we proceeded with spinal surgery and transpedicular biopsy. Neurology improved significantly after surgery. Eventually, serum protein electrophoresis reported plasma dyscrasia, and HPE confirmed plasmacytoma. The patient was referred to a haematologist for steroidal and chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- KH Teh
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Permatang Pauh, Malaysia,Corresponding Author: Kai Hean Teh, Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Jalan Tun Hussein Onn, Seberang Jaya, 13700 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - J Thilak
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Pulau Pinang, George Town, Malaysia
| | - HS Lim
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Pulau Pinang, George Town, Malaysia
| | - AA Yahaya
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Seberang Jaya, Permatang Pauh, Malaysia
| | - ZA Kamarul-Bahrin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Pulau Pinang, George Town, Malaysia
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3
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Turner TC, Sok MCP, Hymel LA, Pittman FS, York WY, Mac QD, Vyshnya S, Lim HS, Kwong GA, Qiu P, Botchwey EA. Harnessing lipid signaling pathways to target specialized pro-angiogenic neutrophil subsets for regenerative immunotherapy. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaba7702. [PMID: 33127670 PMCID: PMC7608810 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba7702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
To gain insights into neutrophil heterogeneity dynamics in the context of sterile inflammation and wound healing, we performed a pseudotime analysis of single-cell flow cytometry data using the spanning-tree progression analysis of density-normalized events algorithm. This enables us to view neutrophil transitional subsets along a pseudotime trajectory and identify distinct VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and CXCR4 high-expressing pro-angiogenic neutrophils. While the proresolving lipid mediator aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) has a known ability to limit neutrophil infiltration, our analysis uncovers a mode of action in which AT-RvD1 leads to inflammation resolution through the selective reprogramming toward a therapeutic neutrophil subset. This accumulation leads to enhanced vascular remodeling in the skinfold window chamber and a proregenerative shift in macrophage and dendritic cell phenotype, resulting in improved wound closure after skin transplantation. As the targeting of functional immune subsets becomes the key to regenerative immunotherapies, single-cell pseudotime analysis tools will be vital in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Turner
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M C P Sok
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - L A Hymel
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - F S Pittman
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - W Y York
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Q D Mac
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S Vyshnya
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - H S Lim
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - G A Kwong
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Georgia Immunoengineering Consortium, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P Qiu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - E A Botchwey
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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4
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Liu DCY, Koo TH, Wong JKK, Wong YH, Fung KSC, Chan Y, Lim HS. Adapting re-usable elastomeric respirators to utilise anaesthesia circuit filters using a 3D-printed adaptor - a potential alternative to address N95 shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic. Anaesthesia 2020; 75:1022-1027. [PMID: 32348561 PMCID: PMC7267584 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID‐19 pandemic has increased the demand for disposable N95 respirators. Re‐usable elastomeric respirators may provide a suitable alternative. Proprietary elastomeric respirator filters may become depleted as demand increases. An alternative may be the virus/bacterial filters used in anaesthesia circuits, if they can be adequately fitted onto the elastomeric respirators. In addition, many re‐usable elastomeric respirators do not filter exhaled breaths. If used for sterile procedures, this would also require modification. We designed a 3D‐printed adaptor that permits elastomeric respirators to interface with anaesthesia circuit filters and created a simple modification to divert exhaled breaths through the filter. We conducted a feasibility study evaluating the performance of our modified elastomeric respirators. A convenience sample of eight volunteers was recruited. Quantitative fit testing, respiratory rate and end‐tidal carbon dioxide were recorded during fit testing exercises and after 1 h of wear. All eight volunteers obtained excellent quantitative fit testing throughout the trial. The mean (SD) end‐tidal carbon dioxide was 4.5 (0.5) kPa and 4.6 (0.4) kPa at baseline and after 1 h of wear (p = 0.148). The mean (SD) respiratory rate was 17 (4) breaths.min−1 and 17 (3) breaths.min−1 at baseline and after 1 h of wear (p = 0.435). Four out of eight subjects self‐reported discomfort; two reported facial pressure, one reported exhalation resistance and one reported transient dizziness on exertion. Re‐usable elastomeric respirators to utilise anaesthesia circuit filters through a 3D‐printed adaptor may be a potential alternative to disposable N95 respirators during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Y Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - T H Koo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J K K Wong
- Department of Occupational Therapy, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y H Wong
- Operating Room, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K S C Fung
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y Chan
- Occupational Safety and Health Team, Hospital Authority Kowloon East Cluster, Hong Kong
| | - H S Lim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
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5
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Wong DHT, Tang EWH, Njo A, Chu CKL, Chau SKY, Chow TL, Lim HS, Fung KSC, Li KKW. Risk stratification protocol to reduce consumption of personal protective equipment for emergency surgeries during COVID-19 pandemic. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26:252-254. [PMID: 32366724 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D H T Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E W H Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - A Njo
- Department of Anaesthesiology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C K L Chu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S K Y Chau
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - T L Chow
- Department of Surgery, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - H S Lim
- Department of Anaesthesiology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K S C Fung
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K K W Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong
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6
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Al-Kaisey A, Koshy A, Ha FJ, Sajeev J, Toner L, Spencer R, Teh A, Farouque O, Lim HS. P574Accuracy of wrist-worn heart rate monitors for chronotropic assessment in atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Wrist-worn fitness and heart rate (HR) monitors are increasingly popular. Previous studies in healthy participants with sinus rhythm (SR) have yielded variable results depending on HR, activity levels and device tested. A paucity of data exists on their accuracy in atrial fibrillation (AF) in ambulatory patients.
Purpose
We sought to assess the HR accuracy of 2 commercially available smart watches (Fitbit Charge HR [FB] and Apple Watch Series 3 [AW]) compared with Holter monitoring in an ambulant patient cohort.
Methods
Patients aged >18 years referred for 24-hour Holter monitoring were prospectively recruited. The Holter monitor was the criterion measure. Each patient was randomly allocated to either a FB or AW along with their Holter monitor. The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board.
Statistical analysis: Pearson (r) correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman comparison with 95% limits of agreement (LoA) were evaluated to assess criterion validity and agreement between the smart watch and Holter ECG-HR. Bias was the calculated mean difference between the smart watch and ECG-HR. A ± 10-beat different between Holter-HR and SW-HR was used as a clinically relevant range to establish the accuracy of HR estimation by SW.
Results
Across all devices, 53,288 hear rate values were recorded from 32 patients. Twenty six patients were in persistent AF and six were in SR. Twelve patients wore the FB while 20 wore the AW. In the FB arm, nice patient were in persistent AF and three in SR. In the AW arm, persistent AF was the rhythm in seventeen and SR in three. Patients in SR demonstrated overall strong agreement compared to Holter monitoring (Mean Bias <1 beat, LoA −11 to 11 beats) and a correlation coefficient of 0.87 (p<0.001). In AF, both devices underestimated HR measurements (Overall Bias −9 beats, LoA −41 to 23, r=0.60, p<0.001). The AW had lower bias and narrower LoA compared to FB (−5 beats vs −13 beats, LoA −31 to 21 beats vs −50 to 22 beats). Using a ± 10-beat range against ECG-HR for clinical accuracy, both the AW and FB performed satisfactorily in SR with 95.2% of AW and 92.2% of FB HR readings considered valid. In AF, however, the AW-HR readings were within the ± 10-beat threshold in 76.5% of the time compared with only 56.1% of FB readings.
Conclusion
In ambulatory patients, smart watches were accurate in HR estimation when compared to Holter monitor in SR; however tended to underestimate HR in AF. Further improvements in device technology are needed before the widespread consumer adoption of this nascent technology for chronotropic assessment in arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Kaisey
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Koshy
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - F J Ha
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Sajeev
- Box Hill Hospital, Cardiology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L Toner
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Spencer
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Teh
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - O Farouque
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H S Lim
- Austin Health Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Lee JH, Yoon MH, Tahk SJ, Shin JH, Hwang GS, Choi SY, Choi BJ, Lim HS, Yang HM, Park JS, Seo KW. P3492Nonagenarians with acute myocardial infarction; invasive versus conservative strategy. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - M H Yoon
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - S J Tahk
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Shin
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - G S Hwang
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - S Y Choi
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - B J Choi
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - H S Lim
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - H M Yang
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J S Park
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - K W Seo
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
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8
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Lee JH, Yoon MH, Tahk SJ, Shin JH, Hwang GS, Choi SY, Choi BJ, Lim HS, Yang HM, Park JS, Seo KW. P2627Comparision of 3-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound for detecting functionally significant coronary lesions. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - M H Yoon
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - S J Tahk
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Shin
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - G S Hwang
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - S Y Choi
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - B J Choi
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - H S Lim
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - H M Yang
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J S Park
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - K W Seo
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
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9
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Cho KI, Cho BR, Jeon DW, Rha SW, Lee JY, Lim HS, Jin DK, Ahn HS, Park SW. P3801Effect of nebivolol on gender-different efficacy and safety in Korean patients with hypertension: result from BENEFIT-KOREA study. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K I Cho
- Kosin University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Busan, Korea Republic of
| | - B R Cho
- Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea Republic of
| | - D W Jeon
- Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea Republic of
| | - S W Rha
- Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J Y Lee
- Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H S Lim
- Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - D K Jin
- SoonChunHyang University Hospital, Chonan, Korea Republic of
| | - H S Ahn
- Sahmyook Medical Center, seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S W Park
- A. Menarini Korea Ltd, seoul, Korea Republic of
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10
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Lee JH, Yoon MH, Tahk SJ, Shin JH, Hwang GS, Choi SY, Choi BJ, Lim HS, Yang HM, Park JS, Seo KW. P794Comparision of efficacy and safety of 3-month dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT) versus 6-month DAPT following Coroflex ISAR sirolimus-eluting stent(C-SES) implantation. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - M H Yoon
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - S J Tahk
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Shin
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - G S Hwang
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - S Y Choi
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - B J Choi
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - H S Lim
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - H M Yang
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J S Park
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - K W Seo
- Ajou University Hospital, Cardiology, Suwon, Korea Republic of
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11
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Seo KW, Yoon MH, Tahk SJ, Shin JH, Hwang GS, Choi SY, Choi BJ, Lim HS, Yang HM, Park JS, Lee JH. P4626Clinical outcome of fractional flow reserve-guided deferred lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome versus stable angina. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K W Seo
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - M H Yoon
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - S J Tahk
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Shin
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - G S Hwang
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - S Y Choi
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - B J Choi
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - H S Lim
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - H M Yang
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J S Park
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Lee
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Republic of
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12
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Vaira AM, Lim HS, Bauchan G, Gulbronson CJ, Miozzi L, Vinals N, Natilla A, Hammond J. The interaction of Lolium latent virus major coat protein with ankyrin repeat protein NbANKr redirects it to chloroplasts and modulates virus infection. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:730-742. [PMID: 29557771 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lolium latent virus (LoLV) major coat protein sequence contains a typical chloroplast transit peptide (cTP) domain. In infected Nicotiana benthamiana leaf tissue, LoLV coat proteins can be detected at the chloroplast. In transient expression, several N-terminal deletions of the CP sequence, increasing in length, result in disruption of the domain functionality, markedly affecting intracellular localization. A yeast two-hybrid-based study using LoLV CP as bait identified several potentially interacting Arabidopsis host proteins, most of them with chloroplast-linked pathways. One of them, an ankyrin repeat protein, was studied in detail. The N. benthamiana homologue (NbANKr) targets chloroplasts, is able to co-localize with LoLV CP at chloroplast membranes in transient expression and shows a robust interaction with LoLV CP in vivo by BiFC, which has been confirmed by yeast two-hybrid data. Silencing NbANKr genes in N. benthamiana plants, prior to challenging with LoLV by mechanical inoculation, affects LoLV infection, significantly reducing the level of viral RNA in young leaves, compared to levels in control plants, and suggesting an inhibition of virus movement. Silencing of NbANKr has no obvious effect on plant phenotype, but is able to interfere with LoLV infection, opening the way for a new strategy for virus infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Vaira
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
- USDA-ARS, USNA, Floral and Nursery Plant Research Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - H S Lim
- USDA-ARS, USNA, Floral and Nursery Plant Research Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD, USA
- Department of Applied Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - G Bauchan
- USDA-ARS, BARC, Electron and Confocal Microscopy Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - C J Gulbronson
- USDA-ARS, USNA, Floral and Nursery Plant Research Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Postdoctoral Fellow, USA
| | - L Miozzi
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - N Vinals
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Torino, Italy
| | - A Natilla
- USDA-ARS, BARC, Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD, USA
- Present address: Arc Horizon, LLC, Innovation Park, 1736 West Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - J Hammond
- USDA-ARS, USNA, Floral and Nursery Plant Research Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD, USA
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13
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Denis A, Sacher F, Derval N, Martin R, Lim HS, Pambrun T, Massoullie G, Duchateau J, Cochet H, Pillois X, Cheniti G, Frontera A, Takigawa M, Vlachos K, Martin C, Kitamura T, Hocini M, Douard H, Jaïs P, Haïssaguerre M. Arrhythmogenic response to isoproterenol testing vs. exercise testing in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy patients. Europace 2018; 20:f30-f36. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Denis
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - F Sacher
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - N Derval
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - R Martin
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - H S Lim
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - T Pambrun
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - G Massoullie
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - J Duchateau
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - H Cochet
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - X Pillois
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - G Cheniti
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - A Frontera
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - M Takigawa
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - K Vlachos
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - C Martin
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - T Kitamura
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - M Hocini
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - H Douard
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - P Jaïs
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - M Haïssaguerre
- Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévèque, CHU Bordeaux, LIRYC, L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, France
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Kim Yu J, Lim HS, Kim BY, Seo CS, Jeong SJ. Quantitative analysis and biological efficacies regarding the neuroprotective and antineuroinflammatory actions of the herbal formula SCD-B-033. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Kim Yu
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - HS Lim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - BY Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - CS Seo
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - SJ Jeong
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
- Korean Medicine Life Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South)
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Ryu S, Park S, Lee JH, Kim YR, Na HS, Lim HS, Choi HY, Hwang IY, Lee JG, Park ZW, Oh WY, Kim JM, Choi SE. A Study on CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 Polymorphic Effects on Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Amitriptyline in Healthy Koreans. Clin Transl Sci 2017; 10:93-101. [PMID: 28296334 PMCID: PMC5355968 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a double-blinded, genotype-based stratification study to explore the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of amitriptyline according to CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 genotype in Korean subjects. Twenty-four healthy adults were grouped by genotype of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6. After a single dose of 25 mg of amitriptyline, blood samples were collected and anticholinergic effects were measured. The extent of N-demethylation of amitriptyline significantly decreased in subjects carrying two nonfunctional alleles of CYP2C19. The extent of hydroxylation of amitriptyline or nortriptyline was significantly reduced in subjects carrying two CYP2D6 decreased functional alleles compared with those with no or one decreased functional allele. The overall metabolic pathway of amitriptyline was more likely to be dominated by CYP2C19 than CYP2D6. The gene variations of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 did not change the pharmacodynamic effect. The findings of this study will provide useful information on individualized drug treatment with amitriptyline considering both CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 gene variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ryu
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - S Park
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - Y R Kim
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Na
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Lim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Choi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - I Y Hwang
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - J G Lee
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - Z W Park
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - W Y Oh
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - J M Kim
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
| | - S E Choi
- Clinical Research Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea
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16
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Raine D, Begg G, Moore J, Taylor E, Buck R, Honarbakhsh S, Yew Ding W, Redfearn D, Opel A, Opel A, Thomas D, Prakash K, Thomas D, Khokhar A, Honarbakhsh S, Tairova S, Getman N, McAloon C, Honarbakhsh S, Shah M, Al-Lawati K, Al-Lawati K, Ensam B, Collins G, Akbar S, Merghani A, Furniss G, Yones E, Vijayashankar SS, Vijayashankar SS, Shariat H, Moss A, Yeoh A, Sadiq A, Taylor R, Edwards T, Nizam ud Din K, Langley P, Shepherd E, Murray S, Lord S, Bourke J, Plein S, Lip G, Tayebjee MH, Owen N, White S, O'Neill M, Hughes L, Carroll S, Moss-Morris R, Baker V, Kirkby C, Patel K, Robinson G, Antoniou S, Richmond L, Ullah W, Hunter R, Finlay M, Earley M, Whitbread M, Schilling R, Cooper R, Modi S, Somani R, Ng A, Hobson N, Caldwell J, Hadjivassilev S, Ang R, Finlay M, Dhinoja M, Earley M, Sporton S, Schilling R, Hunter R, Hadjivassilev S, Earley M, Lambiase P, Turley A, Child N, Linker N, Owens W, James S, Milner J, Tayebjee M, Sibley J, Griffiths A, Meredith T, Basher Y, Betts T, Rajappan K, Lambiase P, Lowe M, Hunter R, Schilling R, Finlay M, Rakhimbaeva G, Akramova N, Getman T, Hamborg T, O'Hare J, Randeva H, Osman F, Srinivasan N, Kirkby C, Firman E, Tobin L, Murphy C, Lowe M, Hunter R, Finlay M, Schilling R, Lambiase P, Mohan P, Salahia G, Lim H, Lim HS, Batchvarov V, Brennan P, Cox A, Muir A, Behr E, Hamill S, Laventure C, Newell S, Gordon B, Bashir K, Chuen J, Foster W, Yusuf S, Osman F, Hayat S, Panagopoulos D, Davies E, Tomlinson D, Haywood G, Mullan J, Kelland N, Horwood A, Connell N, Odams S, Maloney J, Shetty A, Kyriacou A, Sahu J, Lee J, Uzun O, Wong A, Ashtekar S, Uzun O, Wong A, Ashtekar S, Hashemi J, Gazor S, Redfearn D, Song A, Jenkins J, Glancy J, Wilson D, Sammut E, Diab I, Cripps T, Gill A, Abbas S, Enye J, Wahab A, Elshafie S, Ling K, Carey P, Chatterjee D, Timbrell S, Tufail W, Why H, Martos R, Thornley A, James S, Turley A, Bates M, Linker N, Hassan E, Quick J, Cowell R, Ho E. POSTERS (1)59MULTIPOLAR CONTACT MAPPING GUIDED ABLATION OF TEMPORALLY STABLE HIGH FREQUENCY AND COMPLEX FRACTIONATED ATRIAL ELECTROGRAM SITES IN PATIENTS WITH PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION60INTRA-CARDIAC AND PERIPHERAL LEVELS OF BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF FIBROSES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CATHETER ABLATION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILATION61THE DON'T WAIT TO ANTICOAGULATE PROJECT (DWAC) BY THE WEST OF ENGLAND ACADEMIC HEALTH SCIENCE NETWORK (AHSN) OPTIMISES STROKE PREVENTION FOR PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF) WITHIN PRIMARY CARE IN LINE WITH NICE CG180 IN THE WEST OF ENGLAND62ILLNESS AND TREATMENT REPRESENTATIONS, COPING AND DISTRESS: VICIOUS CYCLES OF EVERYDAY EXPERIENCES IN PATIENTS WITH PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION63THE NEEDS OF THE ADOLESCENT LIVING WITH AN INHERITED CARDIAC CONDITION: THE PATIENTS' PERSPECTIVE64SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF PARAMEDIC TREATMENT OF REGULAR SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA (PARA-SVT)65NATURAL PROGRESSION OF QRS DURATION FOLLOWING IMPLATABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATORS (ICD) - IMPLANTATION66COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF VOLTAGE DIRECTED CAVOTRICUSPID ISTHMUS ABLATION USING MINI VS CONVENTIONAL ELETRODES67CRYOBALLOON ABLATION (CRYO) FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF) CANNOT BE GUIDED BY TEMPERATURE END-POINTS ALONE68MODERATOR BAND ECTOPY UNMASKED BY ADENOSINE AS A CAUSE OF ECTOPIC TRIGGERED IDIOPATHIC VF69EARLY CLINICAL EXPERIENCE WITH TARGETED SITE SELECTION FOR THE WiCS-LV ELECTRODE FOR CRT70DOES VECTOR MAPPING PRIOR TO IMPLANTABLE LOOP RECORDER INSERTION IMPROVE THE DETECTION OF ARRHYTHMIA?71THE ROLE OF SPECKLE TRACKING STRAIN IMAGING IN ASSESSING LEFT VENTRICULAR RESPONSE TO CARDIAC RESYNCHRONISATION THERAPY IN RESPONDERS AND NON-RESPONDERS72EVALUATING PATIENTS' EXPERIENCE AND SATISFACTION OF THE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION PROCEDURE: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS73TROUBLESHOOTING LV LEAD IMPLANTATION - NOVEL “UNIRAIL TECHNIQUE”74SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCELEROSIS AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT75EFFECT OF LOZARTANE ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE ELECTRICAL INSTABILITY OF THE MYOCARDIUM76THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN BODY COMPOSITION AND LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELLING IN CARDIAC RESYNCHRONISATION THERAPY77FAMILY SCREENING IN IDIOPATHIC VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION78MANAGEMENT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN A LARGE TEACHING HOSPITAL79THE EFFECT OF LEFT VENTRICULAR LEAD POSITION ON SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH BINVENTRICULAR PACEMAKRS/DEFIBRILLATORS80ACUTE DEVICE IMPLANT-RELATED COMPLICATIONS DO NOT INCREASE LATE MORTALITY81ABORTED CARIDAC ARREST AS THE SENTINEL PRESENTATION IN A COHORT OF PATIENTS WITH THE CONCEALED BRUGADA PHENOTYPE82POST-CARDIAC DEVICE IMPLANTATION MOBILISATION ADVICE: A NATIONAL SURVEY83DO RISK SCORES DEVELOPED TO PROTECT ONE-YEAR MORTALITY ACTUALLY HELP IN ACCURATELY SELECTING PATIENTS RECEIVING PRIMARY PREVENTION ICD?84ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA ARISING FROM THE NON-CORONARY AORTIC CUSP85THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION STRATEGIES ON SURFACE ECG P WAVE DURATION86PRESCRIBING DRONEDARONE: HOW IS IT DONE ACROSS THE UK AND IS IT SAFE?87A CASE OF WIDE COMPLEX TACHYCARDIA88TRANSITION TO DEDICATED DAY CASE DEVICES - SAFETY AND EFFICACY IN A LARGE VOLUME CENTRE89SEQUENTIAL REGIONAL DOMINANT FREQUENCY MAPPING DURING ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: A NOVEL TEQUNIQUE90ELECTIVE CARDIOVERSION ENERGY PROTOCOLS: A RETROSPECTIVE COMPARISON OF ESCALATION STRATEGIES91THE INCIDENCE OF CLINCALLY RELEVANT HAEMATOMAS WITH PERIOPERATIVE USE OF NEWER P2Y12 INHIBITORS AND INTERRUPTED NOAC THERAPY IN CARDIAC IMPLANTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE INSERTION92AN AUDIT OF THE OUTCOMES FOR CHEMICAL AND DIRECT CURRENT CARDIOVERSION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AT OUR DGH OVER A 3 YEAR DURATION93REAL LIFE ACUTE MANAGEMET OF HAEMODYNAMICALLY TOLERATED MONOMORPHIC VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA. ARE WE MAKING EVIDENCE BASED ON DECISIONS?94A SERVICE EVALUATION TO ASSESS THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF NOVEL ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS VERSUS WARFARIN FOR ELECTIVE CARDIVERSION IN PATIENTS WITH NON VALVULAR AF IN A NURSE LED CARDIOVERSION SERVICE95PICK UP RATE OF IMPLANTED LOOP RECORDER AT A DISTRICT HOSPITAL. Europace 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euw273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Choi HY, Choi S, Kim YH, Lim HS. Population Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling Analysis of GCC-4401C, a Novel Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor, in Healthy Volunteers. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2016; 5:532-543. [PMID: 27511836 PMCID: PMC5080649 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
GCC‐4401C, an orally active direct factor Xa inhibitor that is similar to rivaroxaban, is currently under development for venous thromboembolic disease (VTE). The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) of GCC‐4401C by population modeling analysis and to predict proper dosage regimens compared to rivaroxaban using data from two phase I clinical studies. Plasma GCC‐4401C concentrations over time were best described by a two‐compartment linear model and body weight was associated with central volume of distribution. Relevant PD markers generally changed in a dose‐dependent manner and were described well with sigmoid, simple maximum effect, or linear models. GCC‐4401C was absorbed more rapidly than rivaroxaban. Comparisons based on simulations of PD marker changes over time suggest that 20 mg and 40 mg of GCC‐4401C administered under fasted status are comparable to 10 mg and 20 mg of rivaroxaban under fed status.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Choi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - S Choi
- Research Center, Green Cross Corporation, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Lim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
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Wong WS, Lam HMJ, Chen PP, Chow YF, Wong S, Lim HS, Jensen MP, Fielding R. The fear-avoidance model of chronic pain: assessing the role of neuroticism and negative affect in pain catastrophizing using structural equation modeling. Int J Behav Med 2015; 22:118-31. [PMID: 24788315 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-014-9413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research on the fear-avoidance model (FAM) of chronic pain suggests that the personality traits of neuroticism and negative affect (NA) influence pain catastrophizing. However, the mechanisms of their influence on pain catastrophizing remain unclear. PURPOSE This study examined four possible models of relationships between neuroticism, NA, and pain catastrophizing within the FAM framework using structural equation modeling. METHOD A total of 401 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain completed measures of neuroticism, NA, three core FAM components (pain catastrophizing, pain-related fear, and pain anxiety), and adjustment outcomes (pain-related disability and depression). RESULTS Regression analyses refuted the possibility that neuroticism and NA moderated each other's effect on pain catastrophic thoughts (p > 0.05). Results of structural equation modeling (SEM) evidenced superior data-model fit for the collapsed models in which neuroticism and NA were two secondary traits underlying a latent construct, negative emotion (disability: comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.93; depression: CFI = 0.91). CONCLUSION The results offer preliminary evidence that patients presenting with more neurotic symptom and heightened NA probably elicit more catastrophic thoughts about pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Wong
- Department of Psychological Studies and Center for Psychosocial Health & Aging, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong, SAR, China,
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Lim HS, Lim W, Hu JY, Ziegler A, Ong SL. Comparison of filter media materials for heavy metal removal from urban stormwater runoff using biofiltration systems. J Environ Manage 2015; 147:24-33. [PMID: 25261749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The filter media in biofiltration systems play an important role in removing potentially harmful pollutants from urban stormwater runoff. This study compares the heavy metal removal potential (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) of five materials (potting soil, compost, coconut coir, sludge and a commercial mix) using laboratory columns. Total/dissolved organic carbon (TOC/DOC) was also analysed because some of the test materials had high carbon content which affects heavy metal uptake/release. Potting soil and the commercial mix offered the best metal uptake when dosed with low (Cu: 44.78 μg/L, Zn: 436.4 μg/L, Cd, 1.82 μg/L, Pb: 51.32 μg/L) and high concentrations of heavy metals (Cu: 241 μg/L, Zn: 1127 μg/L, Cd: 4.57 μg/L, Pb: 90.25 μg/L). Compost and sludge also had high removal efficiencies (>90%). Heavy metal leaching from these materials was negligible. A one-month dry period between dosing experiments did not affect metal removal efficiencies. TOC concentrations from all materials increased after the dry period. Heavy metal removal was not affected by filter media depth (600 mm vs. 300 mm). Heavy metals tended to accumulate at the upper 5 cm of the filter media although potting soil showed bottom-enriched concentrations. We recommend using potting soil as the principal media mixed with compost or sludge since these materials perform well and are readily available. The use of renewable materials commonly found in Singapore supports a sustainable approach to urban water management.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Lim
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, 117570 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - W Lim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Y Hu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 117411 Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Ziegler
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, 117570 Singapore, Singapore
| | - S L Ong
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 117411 Singapore, Singapore
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Tan KC, Lim HS, Mat Jafri MZ. Multiple regression analysis in modeling of columnar ozone in Peninsular Malaysia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:7567-7577. [PMID: 24599658 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to predict monthly columnar ozone (O3) in Peninsular Malaysia by using data on the concentration of environmental pollutants. Data (2003-2008) on five atmospheric pollutant gases (CO2, O3, CH4, NO2, and H2O vapor) retrieved from the satellite Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY) were employed to develop a model that predicts columnar ozone through multiple linear regression. In the entire period, the pollutants were highly correlated (R = 0.811 for the southwest monsoon, R = 0.803 for the northeast monsoon) with predicted columnar ozone. The results of the validation of columnar ozone with column ozone from SCIAMACHY showed a high correlation coefficient (R = 0.752-0.802), indicating the model's accuracy and efficiency. Statistical analysis was utilized to determine the effects of each atmospheric pollutant on columnar ozone. A model that can retrieve columnar ozone in Peninsular Malaysia was developed to provide air quality information. These results are encouraging and accurate and can be used in early warning of the population to comply with air quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Tan
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia,
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Abstract
This paper examines the impact of community-based water treatment systems on water quality in a peri-urban village in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Water samples were taken from the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), irrigation canals, paddy fields and wells during the dry and wet seasons. The samples were tested for biological and chemical oxygen demand, nutrients (ammonia, nitrate, total nitrogen and total phosphorus) and Escherichia coli. Water quality in this village is affected by the presence of active septic tanks, WWTP effluent discharge, small-scale tempe industries and external sources. We found that the WWTPs remove oxygen-demanding wastes effectively but discharged nutrients, such as nitrate and ammonia, into irrigation canals. Irrigation canals had high levels of E. coli as well as oxygen-demanding wastes. Well samples had high E. coli, nitrate and total nitrogen levels. Rainfall tended to increase concentrations of biological and chemical oxygen demand and some nutrients. All our samples fell within the drinking water standards for nitrate but failed the international and Indonesian standards for E. coli. Water quality in this village can be improved by improving the WWTP treatment of nutrients, encouraging more villagers to be connected to WWTPs and controlling hotspot contamination areas in the village.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Lim
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 117570 E-mail:
| | - L Y Lee
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411
| | - S E Bramono
- Indonesian Society of Sanitary and Environmental Engineers, (Ikatan Ahli Teknik Penyehatandan Teknik Lingkungan Indonesia/IATPI), Apartemen Menteng Square, Tower A, floor 22 unit 2, Jl. Matraman Raya 30E, Jakarta Pusat, 10320, Indonesia
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Cho IS, Choi GS, Choi SK, Seo EY, Lim HS. First Report of Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus Infecting Sweet Cherry Trees in Korea. Plant Dis 2014; 98:164. [PMID: 30708591 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-13-0723-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (CNRMV), an unassigned member in the family Betaflexiviridae, has been reported in sweet cherry in North America, Europe, New Zealand, Japan, China, and Chile. The virus causes brown, angular necrotic spots, shot holes on the leaves, gum blisters, and necrosis of the bark in several cultivars (1). During the 2012 growing season, 154 sweet cherry trees were tested for the presence of CNRMV by RT-PCR. Samples were randomly collected from 11 orchards located in Gyeonggi and Gyeongsang provinces in Korea. RNA was extracted from leaves using the NucliSENS easyMAG system (bioMérieux, Boxtel, The Netherlands). The primer pair CGRMV1/2 (2) was used to amplify the coat protein region of CNRMV. Although none of the collected samples showed any notable symptoms, CNRMV PCR products of the expected size (949 bp) were obtained from three sweet cherry samples from one orchard in Gyeonggi province. The PCR products were cloned into a pGEM-T easy vector (Promega, Madison, WI) and sequenced. BLAST analyses of the three Korean sequences obtained (GenBank Accession Nos. AB822635, AB822636, and AB822637) showed 97% nucleotide sequence identity with a flowering cherry isolate from Japan (EU188439), and shared 98.8 to 99.6% nucleotide and 99.6 to 100% amino acid similarities to each other. The CNRMV positive samples were also tested for Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Cherry mottle leaf virus (CMLV), Cherry rasp leaf virus (CRLV), Cherry leafroll virus (CLRV), Cherry virus A (CVA), Little cherry virus 1 (LChV-1), Prune dwarf virus (PDV), and Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) by RT-PCR. One of the three CNRMV-positive samples was also infected with CVA. To confirm CNRMV infection by wood indexing, Prunus serrulata cv. Kwanzan plants were graft-inoculated with chip buds from the CNRMV-positive sweet cherry trees. At 3 to 4 weeks post-inoculation, the Kwanzan plants showed quick decline with leaves wilting and dying; CNRMV infection of the indicators was confirmed by RT-PCR. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CNRMV infection of sweet cherry trees in Korea. Screening for CNRMV in propagation nurseries should minimize spread of this virus within Korea. References: (1) R. Li and R. Mock. Arch. Virol. 153:973, 2008. (2) R. Li and R. Mock. J. Virol. Methods 129:162, 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Cho
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440, Korea
| | - G S Choi
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440, Korea
| | - S K Choi
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440, Korea
| | - E Y Seo
- Department of Applied Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - H S Lim
- Department of Applied Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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Di K, Lim HS, Zhang VL, Kuok MH, Ng SC, Cottam MG, Nguyen HT. Comment on "Physical origin and generic control of magnonic band gaps of dipole-exchange spin waves in width-modulated nanostrip waveguides". Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:149701. [PMID: 24138279 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.149701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Di
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542
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Park SH, Lim HS, Hwang SY. Evaluation of antioxidant, rheological, physical and sensorial properties of wheat flour dough and cake containing turmeric powder. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2013; 18:435-43. [PMID: 23144239 DOI: 10.1177/1082013211428220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of addition of turmeric powder (0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%) were examined in order to obtain an antioxidant-enriched cake with good physico-chemical and sensorial properties. The rheological properties of doughs were evaluated using dynamic rheological measurements. Physical properties, curcumin content, radical scavenging activity (RSA-DPPH assay) and sensory analysis (hedonic test) of the supplemented cake were determined. Addition of turmeric powder up to 8% caused significant changes on dough characteristics and on cake rheological properties. The highest curcumin (203 mg/kg) and RSA-DPPH activity (45%) were achieved in the cake having the highest percentage of turmeric powder (8%); however, this sample showed the worst results regarding the rheological properties. Moreover, by sensory evaluation this cake sample was not acceptable. A 6% substitution of wheat flour with turmeric powder showed acceptable sensory scores which were comparable to those of 0-4% turmeric cakes. This indicated that up to 6% level of turmeric powder might be included in cake formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Park
- HanSung Co. Food Research Center, 222-69, Nae-Dong, Ojeung-gu, Bucheon City, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Park MY, Yoon D, Choi NK, Lee J, Lee K, Lim HS, Park BJ, Kim JH, Park RW. Construction of an open-access QT database for detecting the proarrhythmia potential of marketed drugs: ECG-ViEW. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2012; 92:393-6. [PMID: 22828716 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2012.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Information about the QT interval from surface electrocardiograms (ECGs) is essential for surveillance of the proarrhythmia potential of marketed drugs. However, ECG records obtained in daily practice cannot be easily used for this purpose without labor-intensive manual effort. This study was aimed at constructing an open-access QT database, the Electrocardiogram Vigilance with Electronic Data Warehouse (ECG-ViEW). This longitudinal observational database contains 710,369 measurements of QT and associated clinical data from 371,401 patients. The de-identified database is freely available at http://www.ecgview.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Abstract
Blueberry red ringspot virus (BRRSV) of the Soymovirus genus in the family Caulimovididae causes red ringspot diseases in highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) on leaves, stems, and fruits. The virus has been identified in the United States, Japan, Czech Republic, Slovenia, and Poland (1). In July 2010, highbush blueberry with red ringspots on leaves and circular blotches on ripening fruits was found in one plant of cv. Duke in Pyeongtaek, Korea. The symptoms were similar to red ringspot disease caused by BRRSV (3), although stems did not show any characteristic symptoms. Red ringspots on the upper surface of leaves were the most visible symptom and became more prominent as leaves matured in August through October. Leaves of the symptomatic plant were collected and tested for BRRSV infection by PCR, and were also embedded for electron microscopy. DNA was extracted from leaves using DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Primer pairs BR1512F/BR2377R (5'-ACAGGACGATTAGAAGATGG-3'/5'-CCTTTAGGGCAATATTTCTG-3', amplifying a fragment of the coat protein region with an expected size of 865 bp) and BR2961F/BR3726R (5'-ACCGATACATCACAGTTCAC-3'/5'-TGGTTGTGATAAGATGATTCC-3', amplifying a fragment of the reverse transcriptase region with an expected size of 766 bp) were used to amplify the indicated region of BRRV in PCR. Primers were designed on the basis of the BRRSV isolate from New Jersey (GenBank Accession No. AF404509). DNA fragments of the expected sizes were obtained from the symptomatic plant, while no amplification products were obtained from highbush blueberry without symptoms. The PCR products were cloned into pGEM-T easy vector (Promega, Madison, WI) and sequenced. BLAST analyses of obtained fragments revealed 91 to 98% nucleotide sequence identity with the coat protein gene (GenBank Accession No. JQ706341) and 96 to 98% nucleotide sequence identity with the reverse transcriptase gene (GenBank Accession No. JQ706340) of known BRRV isolates. Electron microscopy of thin sections revealed particles approximately 50 nm diameter within electron-dense inclusion bodies, characteristic of BRRSV (2) To our knowledge, this is the first report of BRRSV infection of highbush blueberry in Korea. Highbush blueberries are usually propagated by cutting, so BRRSV suspicious plants should be tested with PCR before they are propagated. References: (1) E. Kalinowska et al. Virus Genes. DOI 10.1007/s11262-011-0679-4, 2011. (2) K. S. Kim et al. Phytopathology 71:673, 1981. (3) M. Isogai et al. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 75:140, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Cho
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440, Korea
| | - B N Chung
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440, Korea
| | - J D Cho
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440, Korea
| | - G S Choi
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440, Korea
| | - H S Lim
- Department of Applied Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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Yuen JQ, Olin PH, Lim HS, Benner SG, Sutherland RA, Ziegler AD. Accumulation of potentially toxic elements in road deposited sediments in residential and light industrial neighborhoods of Singapore. J Environ Manage 2012; 101:151-63. [PMID: 22410188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Road deposited sediments (RDS) are a valuable environmental medium for characterizing contaminant levels in urban areas; and their associated potentially toxic elements (PTEs) can directly impact both human and aquatic health. In this study, RDS were collected from 15 co-located industrial and residential roads throughout Singapore to determine the effect of land use on contaminant levels. A second pilot study was designed to quantify the efficiency of road sweeping in removing different RDS grain size fractions from industrial and residential roads. The fine fraction (<63 μm) of all RDSs was analyzed for over 40 elements. Eleven elements that reflect geogenic and anthropogenic sources were examined in detail (Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sc, Si, and Zn). Industrial RDS had statistically higher concentrations of Co, Cr, Fe, and Ni than residential RDS. Potentially toxic elements Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn were enriched >10-fold at all locations compared to upper continental crust values. Concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn exceeded aquatic sediment probable effect concentration levels, suggesting they could generate a toxic response in bottom-dwelling aquatic organisms. Traffic was equally heavy at both industrial and residential sites, but large trucks and machinery comprised a larger proportion of the traffic in the industrial areas. Traffic was not significantly correlated with the PTE (i.e., Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn) concentrations. Plausible anthropogenic contaminant sources include vehicles (e.g., brake and tire wear, vehicle emissions) and several industrial activities including metal works, oil processing, and waste incineration. Street sweeping was effective in removal of large organic debris and inorganic RDS, but it was ineffective in removing the geochemically important fraction, i.e., <125 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Yuen
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Khoo CW, Krishnamoorthy S, Dwivedi G, Blann A, Lim HS, Lip GYH. 058 The relationship of left atrial remodelling to atrial fibrillation burden in pacemaker population: Abstract 058 Table 1. Heart 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-301877b.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Park Y, Park Y, Lim HS, Kim YS, Hong DJ, Kim HS. Soluble human leukocyte antigen-G expression in hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 79:97-103. [PMID: 22136460 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01814.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) expression according to the phases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 267 sera from anti-HBs positive healthy individuals (n = 50), chronic HBV carriers (n = 45), as well as patients with active hepatitis B (n = 46), liver cirrhosis (LC, n = 46) and early stage HCC (n = 80) were collected and assayed for sHLA-G. Relationships between sHLA-G levels and clinicopathologic parameters including HCC stages, differentiation grades, and levels of aminotransferases, HBV DNA and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were assessed. Concentrations of sHLA-G were higher in the active hepatitis B and HCC groups (median sHLA-G 53.7 and 178.8 U/ml, respectively) in comparison to other groups (P < 0.05), and there were no significant differences among sHLA-G levels of the anti-HBs positive, chronic HBV carrier and LC groups. Serum sHLA-G concentrations were not shown to be associated with clinicopathologic indices including the levels of aminotransferases, AFP, anti-HBs titer, HBV DNA, as well as HCC stages, numbers of tumor nodules, pathologic grades and presence of vessel invasion. The receiver-operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) value of sHLA-G for differentiating HCC from LC was 0.98, which was greater than that of AFP (0.78) (P < 0.0001), and sensitivity and specificity of sHLA-G were, respectively, 90.0% and 95.7% for HCC when applying a cutoff level of 97.3 U/ml. Serum sHLA-G levels could be used as a diagnostic marker for HCC. Although sHLA-G levels did not reflect the severity of HBV infections and HCC, they were related with phases of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim ES, Kim HB, Song KH, Lim HS, Gwack J, Choi YH. Low compliance and need for changes in national isolation guidelines for group 1 nationally notifiable communicable diseases in Korea. BMC Proc 2011. [PMCID: PMC3239760 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s6-p324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Lee MS, Lyoo CH, Ryu YH, Lim HS, Nam CM, Kim HS, Rinne JO. The effect of age on motor deficits and cerebral glucose metabolism of Parkinson's disease. Acta Neurol Scand 2011; 124:196-201. [PMID: 20880270 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01446.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No systematic study has been made to separate age-related clinical deterioration and dysfunctional brain areas from those associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS This study included 73 de novo patients with PD and 43 age-matched controls. All subjects underwent [(18)F]-fluorodeoxy glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography studies. The severity of parkinsonian motor deficit was measured using unified PD rating scale (UPDRS) motor scores. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify those parkinsonian motor deficits for which severity was correlated with the age of the patients and to locate brain areas in which normalized FDG uptake values were inversely correlated with the age of the subjects. RESULTS Patient age was positively correlated with total UPDRS motor scores and with subscores for bradykinesia and axial motor deficits, but not with subscores for tremor and rigidity. In the control group, an age-related decline in glucose uptake was found only in the cingulate cortex. However, in the patient group, an inverse correlation between age and glucose uptake was observed in the prefrontal, cingulate, orbitofrontal, perisylvian areas, caudate, and thalamus. CONCLUSIONS In PD, widespread age-related decline in cerebral function may exaggerate the deterioration associated with bradykinesia and the axial motor deficits associated with nigral neuronal loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
The effect of oxygen partial pressure on viral replication was investigated with Vero/VSV system. At 10% oxygen partial pressure in spinner culture, VSV titer was significantly increased 130 fold compared to that obtained at 21%. A similar result was obtained for viral production in 1liter bioreactor. This implies that oxygen partial pressure during viral production has to be low. In low oxygen partial pressure, malondialdehyde concentration was decreased about 5 fold. Thus, low oxygen partial pressure allowed the reduced reactive oxygen species to be evolved, possibly by decreasing the random oxidation of the produced viral protein and membrane from the host cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Lim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Yosu National University, San 96-1, Doonduk-Dong, Yosu, Chunnam, 550-250, Korea
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Sung JH, Kwak IS, Park SK, Kim HI, Lim HS, Park HJ, Kim SH. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination of N-nitrosamines released from rubber or elastomer teats and soothers. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2011; 27:1745-54. [PMID: 21108095 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2010.508184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method as an alternative to a gas chromatography-thermal energy analyser (GC-TEA) method recommended by the European Committee on Standardization (CEN) was validated for the simultaneous determination of eight N-nitrosamines released into artificial saliva from rubber or elastomer teats and soothers. N-nitroso-dipropylamine-d₁₄ (NDPA-d₁₄) was used as internal standard for accurate quantification. The method was validated with relatively good analytical results, including sufficiently low limits of detection (0.1-2 µg kg⁻¹) of sample) and good linearity (r²> 0.99) throughout the studied concentration ranges. Intra- and inter-day precisions expressed with the relative standard deviation (RSD, %) were 3.4-8.0% and 4.4-11.3%, which were below the performance criteria based on one-half of the value derived from the Horwitz value. It was also found that the LC-MS/MS method is sufficiently rugged and successfully applicable to its routine analysis for the compliance test of Commission Directive 93/11/EEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Sung
- National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Eungpyung-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Zhang VL, Wang ZK, Lim HS, Ng SC, Kuok MH, Jain S, Adeyeye AO. Nanostructured magnonic crystal with magnetic-field tunable bandgap. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:2657-2660. [PMID: 21449448 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.2730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Most experimental investigations into magnonic bandgaps are based on structures composed of single-constituent magnetic materials. Here we report Brillouin and numerical studies of the spin dynamics of a bi-component magnonic crystal, viz. a one-dimensional periodic array of alternating permalloy and cobalt 150 nm-wide nanostripes. Our measurements, together with those for a similar crystal composed of 250 nm-wide nanostripes, suggest that for a stripe width ratio of 1:1, the bandgap width of such magnonic arrays increases with crystal lattice constant. The bandgap parameters are strongly dependent on external magnetic field. This magnetic-field tunability of the bandgap is expected to be a crucial property of devices based on magnonic crystals. The agreement between numerical calculations, based on finite element analysis, and the experimental data is generally good.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Zhang
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 117542, Singapore
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Lin CS, Lim HS, Wang ZK, Ng SC, Kuok MH, Adeyeye AO. Magnetic field dependence of the lowest-frequency edge-localized spin wave mode in a magnetic nanotriangle. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:2615-2618. [PMID: 21449438 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An understanding of the spin dynamics of nanoscale magnetic elements is important for their applications in magnetic sensing and storage. Inhomogeneity of the demagnetizing field in a non-ellipsoidal magnetic element results in localization of spin waves near the edge of the element. However, relative little work has been carried out to investigate the effect of the applied magnetic fields on the nature of such localized modes. In this study, micromagnetic simulations are performed on an equilateral triangular nanomagnet to investigate the magnetic field dependence of the mode profiles of the lowest-frequency spin wave. Our findings reveal that the lowest-frequency mode is localized at the base edge of the equilateral triangle. The characteristics of its mode profile change with the ground state magnetization configuration of the nanotriangle, which, in turn, depends on the magnitude of the in-plane applied magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Lin
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
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Wang CM, Lo LC, Zhu ZY, Pang HY, Liu HM, Tan J, Lim HS, Chou R, Orban L, Yue GH. Mapping QTL for an adaptive trait: the length of caudal fin in Lates calcarifer. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2011; 13:74-82. [PMID: 20352272 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-010-9271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The caudal fin represents a fundamental design feature of fishes and plays an important role in locomotor dynamics in fishes. The shape of caudal is an important parameter in traditional systematics. However, little is known about genes involved in the development of different forms of caudal fins. This study was conducted to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting the length of caudal fin and the ratio between tail length and standard body length in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). One F1 family containing 380 offspring was generated by crossing two unrelated individuals. One hundred and seventeen microsatellites almost evenly distributed along the whole genome were genotyped. Length of caudal fin at 90 days post-hatch was measured. QTL analysis detected six significant (genome-wide significant) and two suggestive (linkage-group-wide significant) QTL on seven linkage groups. The six significant QTL explained 5.5-16.6% of the phenotypic variance, suggesting these traits were controlled by multiple genes. Comparative genomics analysis identified several potential candidate genes for the length of caudal fin. The QTL for the length of caudal fin detected for the first time in marine fish may provide a starting point for the future identification of genes involved in the development of different forms of caudal fins in fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Wang
- Molecular Population Genetics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
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Lim HS, Wong L. The need to improve organ donation and transplantation rates in Australia. Intern Med J 2010; 40:669-70. [PMID: 20840216 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Thavapalachandran S, Leong DP, Stiles MK, John B, Dimitri H, Lau DH, Psaltis PJ, Brooks AG, Alasady M, Lim HS, Young GD, Sanders P. Evidence-based management of heart failure in clinical practice: a review of device-based therapy use. Intern Med J 2010; 39:669-75. [PMID: 19849757 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2008.01876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is a growing health issue and is associated with significant mortality risk. Device therapy is efficacious in preventing sudden death in patients with heart failure; however, this evidence comes from rigorous clinical trials. It is unclear how device therapy is utilized in 'real-world' practice. The primary objective was to characterize patterns of device use in patients with heart failure at risk of sudden death and to identify barriers to guideline-driven prescription of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. METHODS We report a cross-sectional study of patients attending general cardiology clinic over a 3-month period. RESULTS Of 1003 consecutive patients attending the cardiology clinic, 176 had heart failure. Of these, 66 were potentially eligible for device therapy, but only 16 of these had actually undergone device implantation. Potentially eligible non-recipients were older (P < 0.001), more likely to have ischaemic cardiomyopathy (P= 0.002), less likely to be prescribed spironolactone (P= 0.005) or warfarin (P= 0.02), and less likely to have a widened QRS > 120 ms (P= 0.005). There was a high prevalence of underuse of evidence-based pharmacotherapies among patients with heart failure. CONCLUSION There is substantial underuse of device therapy in patients with heart failure. Strikingly, whereas patients with symptoms of heart failure were more likely to receive a device, those being managed for ischaemic heart disease were not. There is also a high prevalence of failure to prescribe evidence-based pharmacotherapy in a tertiary hospital general cardiology clinic. This may be explained in part by the lack of a patient database to record treatment contraindications and to alert clinicians to possible gaps in patient therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thavapalachandran
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Cardiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Lim HS, Kim YS, Kim SD. Pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-1 Genetic Transformation and Antifungal Mechanism against Fusarium solani, an Agent of Plant Root Rot. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 57:510-6. [PMID: 16348417 PMCID: PMC182741 DOI: 10.1128/aem.57.2.510-516.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An actively antagonistic bacterium that could be used as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium solani, which causes root rots with considerable losses in many important crops, was isolated from a ginseng rhizosphere and identified as a strain of Pseudomonas stutzeri. In several biochemical tests with culture filtrates of P. stutzeri YPL-1 and in mutational analyses of antifungal activities of reinforced or defective mutants, we found that the anti-F. solani mechanism of the bacterium may involve a lytic enzyme rather than a toxic substance or antibiotic. P. stutzeri YPL-1 produced extracellular chitinase and laminarinase when grown on different polymers such as chitin, laminarin, or F. solani mycelium. These lytic extracellular enzymes markedly inhibited mycelial growth rather than spore germination and also caused lysis of F. solani mycelia and germ tubes. Scanning electron microscopy revealed degradation of the F. solani mycelium. Abnormal hyphal swelling and retreating were caused by the lysing agents from P. stutzeri YPL-1, and a penetration hole was formed on the hyphae in the region of interaction with the bacterium; the walls of this region were rapidly lysed, causing leakage of protoplasm. Genetically bred P. stutzeri YPL-1 was obtained by transformation of the bacterium with a broad-host-range vector, pKT230. Also, the best conditions for the transformation were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Lim
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan 713-749, Korea
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Abstract
Sudden cardiac death due to ventricular arrhythmias remains the most common cause of death in developed nations. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators have been shown to improve mortality in high-risk groups for ventricular tachyarrhythmias, but they are not curative, with the risk of arrhythmia recurrence remaining unaltered. It is also important to remember that ventricular tachycardia (VT) in the setting of a structurally normal heart is often not associated with an increased risk of sudden death and catheter ablation is a potentially curative procedure in this cohort. Recent advances in catheter ablation for VT have increased the efficacy in creating adequate lesions, accurate three-dimensional maps and mapping haemodynamically unstable VT, all of which have increased the utility of this modality in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. In this article, we review the recent advances that have fuelled renewed interest in catheter ablation of VT, its clinical utility and who should be referred.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Lim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Cardiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital and the Discipline of Physiology, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide and School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Lee JH, Bang KW, Choi CS, Lim HS. CFD modelling of flow field and particle tracking in a hydrodynamic stormwater separator. Water Sci Technol 2010; 62:2381-2388. [PMID: 21076225 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The best management practices (BMPs) for control of urban stormwater pollution are evaluated to remove solid particles containing various pollutants. Currently, most storm runoff treatment devices using primary pollutant removal mechanism are applied to storm water since most pollutants in runoff are associated with the solid particulates. A hydrodynamic separator is a storm water treatment device using centrifugal motion which separates solids pollution from runoff. In this study, the velocity flow field and particle tracking of hydrodynamic separator were investigated using anthracite as a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model particle. The Fluent 6.3.26 CFD program was used to predict the solid particles removal efficiency for various parameters such as particle size, surface loading rate, and the ratio of underflow to overflow. The velocity flow field in a hydrodynamic stormwater separator (HDS) has been simulated using CFD RNG κ-ε model. Modeling results for the removal efficiency of HDS were similar with the results obtained from experimental measurements of laboratory scale HDS. These results showed that the simulated velocity field was useful to interpret the behavior of flow in the hydrodynamic separator. The results obtained from particle tracking can be applied to predict the separation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungju National University, Chungju 380-702, Korea.
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Lim HS, Scott T, Glancy J. Pre-hospital heparin with thrombolysis. Heart 2009; 95:2029; author reply 2029. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2009.180463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhu ZY, Wang CM, Lo LC, Lin G, Feng F, Tan J, Chou R, Lim HS, Orban L, Yue GH. A standard panel of microsatellites for Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). Anim Genet 2009; 41:208-12. [PMID: 19793264 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.01973.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microsatellites are the most popular markers for parentage assignment and population genetic studies. To meet the demand for international comparability for genetic studies of Asian seabass, a standard panel of 28 microsatellites has been selected and characterized using the DNA of 24 individuals from Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Australia. The average allele number of these markers was 10.82 +/- 0.71 (range: 6-19), and the expected heterozygosity averaged 0.76 +/- 0.02 (range: 0.63-1.00). All microsatellites showed Mendelian inheritance. In addition, eight standard size controls have been developed by cloning a set of microsatellite alleles into a pGEM-T vector to calibrate allele sizes determined by different laboratories, and are available upon request. Seven multiplex PCRs, each amplifying 3-5 markers, were optimized to accurately and rapidly genotype microsatellites. Parentage assignment using 10 microsatellites in two crosses (10 x 10 and 20 x 20) demonstrated a high power of these markers for revealing parent-sibling connections. This standard set of microsatellites will standardize genetic diversity studies of Asian seabass, and the multiplex PCR sets will facilitate parentage assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Zhu
- Molecular Population Genetics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore
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Lim HS, Lip GYH. Circulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels in atherosclerotic vascular disease: a possible measurement of systemic or specific disease pathophysiology? J Intern Med 2008; 263:620-2. [PMID: 18479262 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2008.01937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H S Lim
- University Department of Medicine, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Patel JV, Lim HS, Gunarathne A, Tracey I, Durrington PN, Hughes EA, Lip GYH. Ethnic differences in myocardial infarction in patients with hypertension: effects of diabetes mellitus. QJM 2008; 101:231-6. [PMID: 18204065 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcm151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that hypertension carries a greater risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in South Asians living in the UK than in the indigenous British population. This has been attributed to some specifically Asian susceptibility factor. DESIGN Using a longitudinal approach, we investigated the relationship between coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors amongst hypertension patients attending Sandwell and City Hospitals, and the onset of cardiovascular events over a 5-year follow-up period. RESULTS A total of 350 Caucasian (83.7% male) and 104 South Asian (66.3% male) patients with hypertension [age 63.7 (7.6) years and 57.1 (11.1) years respectively, P < 0.001] were followed-up for a mean (SD) period of 64.7(12.1) months. There were 11 (6.4/1000 patient years) cases of MI in Caucasian patients vs. 11 (17.8/1000 patient years) in South Asians, with event-free survival times being significantly lower amongst South Asians (log-rank test P = 0.04). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 22.9% higher amongst South Asians (P < 0.001), whilst mean serum cholesterol and fasting triglyceride levels were higher amongst Caucasians (P = 0.001). There were no ethnic differences in HDL cholesterol concentrations, the use of tobacco, statin therapy or anti-platelet therapies (all P = NS), or in composite endpoint (MI, angina, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, revascularization or death; P = 0.74). On Cox regression analysis of all independent cardiovascular risk variables, associated treatments and ethnicity, MI risk was associated with diabetes mellitus (odds ratio 3.77, 95%CI 1.55-9.15, P = 0.003) but not ethnicity per se (P = 0.26). CONCLUSION Increased risk of MI in hypertensive South Asians in the United Kingdom appears to be the result of a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Further work is required to understand the pathophysiological basis with which diabetes increases CHD risk in this ethnic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Patel
- Sandwell General Hospital, West Bromwich, B71 4HJ, UK.
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Lim HS, Patel JV, Lip GYH. Reactive oxygen species production by circulating monocytes: insights from pathophysiology to clinical hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 20:307-9. [PMID: 16467861 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H S Lim
- Haemostasis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit, University Department of Medicine, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Patel
- Haemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit, University Department of Medicine, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Lim HS, Tayebjee MH, Tan KT, Patel JV, Macfadyen RJ, Lip GYH. Serum adiponectin in coronary heart disease: ethnic differences and relation to coronary artery disease severity. Heart 2006; 91:1605-6. [PMID: 16287748 PMCID: PMC1769205 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2004.047803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The commonest cause of mortality in patients with Type 2 diabetes is atherothrombosis, which can be related to abnormalities in the coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways, as well as in platelet function. Platelet microparticles (PMPs) may contribute to the prothrombotic state and may promote the progression of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that PMPs are elevated in Type 2 diabetes and that patients with Type 2 diabetes and clinically apparent atherosclerosis would have the highest levels. Similarly, we hypothesized that soluble plasma P-selectin (sPsel) and CD40L (both molecules which are released by activated platelets), as well as %CD62P (P-selectin) and %CD63 positivity on platelets quantified by flow cytometry, would be highest in patients with Type 2 diabetes and clinically apparent atherosclerotic disease, and might be correlated to PMP levels. METHODS Venous blood was obtained from 21 Type 2 diabetic patients without atherosclerotic complications, 18 diabetic patients with clinically apparent atherosclerotic disease and 21 non-diabetic control subjects. PMPs, as well as %CD62P and %CD63 positivity on platelets, were quantified by flow cytometry. sPsel and CD40L were measured using ELISA. RESULTS Patients with Type 2 diabetes and clinically apparent atherosclerotic disease had the highest PMP (P=0.045) and sPsel (P=0.046) levels, compared with patients without complications (who had intermediate PMP levels) and control subjects. Control subjects had the lowest CD40L levels (P<0.001) when compared with patients with Type 2 diabetes, with no difference in sCD40L levels between the two diabetic subgroups. %CD62P and %CD63 positivity did not differ between the groups. PMP levels correlated with %CD62P positivity (P=0.026) but not to %CD63 positivity (P=0.089), sCD40L (P=0.407) or sP-sel (P=0.163); sCD40L levels did not correlate with any other marker of platelet activation. CONCLUSION PMPs are elevated in Type 2 diabetes. In addition, patients with clinically apparent atherosclerosis had the highest levels of PMPs and sPsel. Thus, PMPs may be a marker of symptomatic atherosclerotic vascular disease in Type 2 diabetes, and may both represent a useful risk stratification tool as well as a novel therapeutic target for anti-thrombotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Tan
- Haemostasis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit, University Department of Medicine City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolic syndrome (MetS), predicting coronary heart disease (CHD), is a compound of risk factors including diabetes, obesity and hypertension. The relationship between the development of MetS, diabetes and CHD in patients with established hypertension is unclear. We hypothesized that patients with hypertension developing MetS are at increased risk of type II diabetes and CHD compared with patients who do not develop MetS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prospectively studied 284 patients (100 with existing/established MetS) with hypertension but without diabetes and CHD over 4 years. MetS and diabetes were diagnosed by the modified NCEP and ADA criteria, and CHD risk by the Framingham risk equation; all patients had annual fasting blood sampling. RESULTS Over 4 years of follow up, 75 of the 184 patients (41%) initially free of MetS at baseline subsequently fulfilled the criteria for MetS. These patients (i.e. 'developing MetS') had higher baseline BMI, triglycerides and lower HDL cholesterol, with a higher calculated CHD risk (all P <or= 0.001) than those who did not develop MetS. The 4-year odds ratios of developing diabetes in the patients with established MetS (23%) and the patients developing MetS (13.3%) vs. the patients not developing MetS (3.7%, P < 0.001) were 7.8 (95% CI: 2.6-23.5) and 4.0 (95% CI: 1.2-13.4), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patients with hypertension developing MetS have an increased CHD risk and risk of developing type II diabetes even before fulfilling the criteria for MetS, and the former is comparable to patients with established MetS. These data suggest a high-risk phase not adequately identified by current diagnostic thresholds for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Lim
- Haemostasis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit, University Department of Medicine, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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