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Rustamov J, Roh YS, Hong JT, Yoo HS. GT-11 impairs insulin signaling through modulation of sphingolipid metabolism in C2C12 myotubes. Life Sci 2024; 342:122534. [PMID: 38408637 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Sphingolipids are involved in the regulation of insulin signaling, which is linked to the development of insulin resistance, leading to diabetes mellitus. We aimed to study whether modulation of sphingolipid levels by GT-11 may regulate insulin signaling in C2C12 myotubes. MAIN METHODS We investigated the effects of sphingolipid metabolism on Akt phosphorylation and glucose uptake using C2C12 myotubes. Either GT-11, an inhibitor of dihydroceramide desaturase 1 and S1P lyase, or siRNA targeting Sgpl1, the gene encoding the enzyme, was employed to determine the effect of sphingolipid metabolism modulation on insulin signaling. Western blotting and glucose uptake assays were used to evaluate the effect of treatments on insulin signaling. Sphingolipid metabolites were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). KEY FINDINGS Treatment with GT-11 resulted in decreased Akt phosphorylation and reduced glucose uptake. Silencing the Sgpl1 gene, which encodes S1P lyase, mimicked these findings, suggesting the potential for regulating insulin signaling through S1P lyase modulation. GT-11 modulated sphingolipid metabolism, inducing the accumulation of sphingolipids. Using PF-543 and ARN14974 to inhibit sphingosine kinases and acid ceramidase, respectively, we identified a significant interplay between sphingosine, S1P lyase, and insulin signaling. Treatment with either exogenous sphingosine or palmitic acid inhibited Akt phosphorylation, and reduced S1P lyase activity. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings highlight the importance of close relationship between sphingolipid metabolism and insulin signaling in C2C12 myotubes, pointing to its potential therapeutic relevance for diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javokhir Rustamov
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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Wang F, Park JS, Ma Y, Ma H, Lee YJ, Lee GR, Yoo HS, Hong JT, Roh YS. Ginseng Saponin Enriched in Rh1 and Rg2 Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Inhibiting Inflammasome Activation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030856. [PMID: 33807927 PMCID: PMC7999915 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming one of the most common chronic liver diseases in the world. One of the features of NAFLD is hepatic fat accumulation, which further causes hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammation. Saponins, the major pharmacologically active ingredients isolated from Panax notoginseng, contain several ginsenosides, which have various pharmacological and therapeutic functions. However, the ginsenoside-specific molecular mechanism of saponins in NAFLD remains unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of ginseng saponin extract and its ginsenosides on hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammation and their underlying action mechanism in NAFLD. Mice were fed a fast food diet (FFD) for 16 weeks to induce NAFLD and then treated with saponin extract (50 or 150 mg/kg) for the remaining nine weeks to determine the effects of saponin on NAFLD. Saponin extract administration significantly alleviated FFD-induced hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammation. Particularly, saponin extract, compared with conventional red ginseng, contained significantly increased amounts of ginsenosides (Rh1 (10.34-fold) and Rg2 (7.1-fold)). In vitro Rh1 and Rg2 treatments exerted an anti-steatotic effect in primary hepatocytes, an antifibrotic effect in hepatic stellate cells, and anti-inflammatory and pro-mitophagy effects in immortalized mouse Kupffer cells. Mechanistically, saponin extract alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by promoting mitophagy. In conclusion, saponin extract inhibited inflammation-mediated pathological inflammasome activation in macrophages, thereby preventing NAFLD development. Thus, saponin extract administration may be an alternative method for NAFLD prevention.
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Yayeh T, Jeong HR, Park YS, Moon S, Sur B, Yoo HS, Oh S. Fumonisin B1-Induced Toxicity Was Not Exacerbated in Glutathione Peroxidase-1/Catalase Double Knock Out Mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:52-57. [PMID: 32632050 PMCID: PMC7771844 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) structurally resembles sphingolipids and interferes with their metabolism leading to sphingolipid dysregulation. We questioned if FB1 could exacerbate liver or kidney toxicities in glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) and catalase (Cat) knockout mice. While higher serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and sphinganine (Sa) were measured in Gpx1/Cat knockout mice (Gpx1/Cat KO) than wild type mice after 5 days of FB1 treatment, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), sphingosine-1 phosphate (So-1-P), and sphinganine-1 phosphate (Sa-1-P) were found to be relatively low. Although Sa was highly elevated in Gpx1/Cat KO mice and wild mice, lower levels of So and Sa were found in both the kidney and liver tissues of Gpx/Cat KO mice than wild type mice after FB1 treatment. Paradoxically, FB1-induced cellular apoptosis and necrosis were hastened under oxidative stress in Gpx1/Cat KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taddesse Yayeh
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 5501, Ethiopia
| | - Ha Ram Jeong
- St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Yoon Soo Park
- St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Sohyeon Moon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongjun Sur
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osong 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Seikwan Oh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
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4
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Jung JH, Chung SJ, Yoo HS, Lee YH, Baik K, Ye BS, Sohn YH, Lee PH. Sex-specific association of urate and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:1948-1956. [PMID: 32441832 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE As a major antioxidant, uric acid (UA) is known to be associated with the clinical progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study investigated whether baseline UA levels are associated with the risk for levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in PD in a sex-dependent manner. METHODS In all, 152 patients with de novo PD (78 males and 74 females) who were followed up for >2 years were enrolled. The effect of baseline serum UA levels on LID-free survival was assessed by Cox regression, separately for sex, whilst being adjusted for potential confounding factors. The optimal UA level cut-off value to determine the high-risk group for LID was set using Contal and O'Quigley's method. RESULTS Levodopa-induced dyskinesia developed in 23 (29.5%) male patients and 30 (40.5%) female patients. Cox regression showed a significant interaction between UA level and sex. Higher UA levels were associated with a higher risk for LID in male PD patients (hazard ratio 1.380; 95% confidence interval 1.038-1.835; P = 0.027), although this relationship was not observed in female PD patients. The optimal UA level cut-off for LID in male PD was 7.2 mg/dl, and the high UA group had a 5.7-fold higher risk of developing LID than the low UA group. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to a presumptive beneficial role of UA, the present study demonstrated that higher UA levels are associated with increased risk of LID occurrence in male patients with PD, suggesting a sex-dependent role of UA in LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Jung
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Chung
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, South Korea
| | - H S Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K Baik
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B S Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - P H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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5
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Yoo HS, Chung SJ, Lee YH, Ye BS, Sohn YH, Lee PH. Cognitive anosognosia is associated with frontal dysfunction and lower depression in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:951-958. [PMID: 32090410 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Anosognosia refers to a deficit of self-awareness or impaired insight for cognitive and behavioral problems. Cognitive anosognosia was explored in de novo patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and its relationship to cognitive function and neuropsychiatric symptoms was investigated. METHODS The cross-sectional study enrolled 340 drug-naïve patients with PD. According to the presence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive complaint, patients were classified as patients with cognitive anosognosia (PD-CA, n = 74), with normal cognitive recognition (PD-NR, n = 184) or with cognitive underestimation (PD-CU, n = 82). After controlling for covariates, cognitive performance and neuropsychiatric symptoms were compared between the PD groups. RESULTS Cognitive anosognosia was found in 21.8% of patients with de novo PD. The PD-CA group showed poorer performance in all cognitive domains except for attention. Amongst PD patients with MCI, those with cognitive anosognosia showed lower composite z-scores in the Stroop color reading test than those without. The Beck Depression Inventory score in the PD-NR group was lower than that in the PD-CU group and higher than that in the PD-CA group. The Cognitive Complaints Interview score mediated the association between cognitive anosognosia and Beck Depression Inventory score. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive anosognosia in PD was associated with greater frontal dysfunction and lower depression. Since cognitive anosognosia has a harmful impact on PD patients and their caregivers due to overestimation of their abilities in everyday life, early identification of cognitive anosognosia in PD is important in management and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Chung
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B S Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - P H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Choi KM, Yoo HS. Amelioration of Hyperglycemia-Induced Nephropathy by 3,3'-Diindolylmethane in Diabetic Mice. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244474. [PMID: 31817632 PMCID: PMC6943523 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes) is characterized by hyperglycemia caused by an insulin deficiency. Diabetic nephropathy is a major complication of hyperglycemia. 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM)-a natural compound produced from indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables-enhances glucose uptake by increasing the activation of the insulin signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In this study, we investigated whether DIM could improve insulin-dependent diabetes and nephropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. In mice, STZ induced hyperglycemia, hunger, thirst, and abnormally increased kidney weight and serum creatinine, which is a renal functional parameter. DIM decreased STZ-increased high blood glucose levels and food and water intake in diabetic mice. DIM also improved diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the expression of PKC-α, the marker of albuminuria, and TGF-β1, an indicator of renal hypertrophy, in diabetic mice. Our findings suggest that DIM may ameliorate hyperglycemia and diabetic nephropathy through the inhibition of PKC-α and TGF-β1 signaling.
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Choi SY, Park JS, Shon CH, Lee CY, Ryu JM, Son DJ, Hwang BY, Yoo HS, Cho YC, Lee J, Kim JW, Roh YS. Fermented Korean Red Ginseng Extract Enriched in Rd and Rg3 Protects against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Regulation of mTORC1. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122963. [PMID: 31817227 PMCID: PMC6949916 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fermentation of Korean red ginseng (RG) increases the bioavailability and efficacy of RG, which has a protective role in various diseases. However, the ginsenoside-specific molecular mechanism of the fermented RG with Cordyceps militaris (CRG) has not been elucidated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A mouse model of NAFLD was induced by a fast-food diet (FFD) and treated with CRG (100 or 300 mg/kg) for the last 8 weeks. CRG-mediated signaling was assessed in the liver cells isolated from mice. CRG administration significantly reduced the FFD-induced steatosis, liver injury, and inflammation, indicating that CRG confers protective effects against NAFLD. Of note, an extract of CRG contains a significantly increased amount of ginsenosides (Rd and Rg3) after bioconversion compared with that of conventional RG. Moreover, in vitro treatment with Rd or Rg3 produced anti-steatotic effects in primary hepatocytes. Mechanistically, CRG protected palmitate-induced activation of mTORC1 and subsequent inhibition of mitophagy and PPARα signaling. Similar to that noted in hepatocytes, CRG exerted anti-inflammatory activity through mTORC1 inhibition-mediated M2 polarization. In conclusion, CRG inhibits lipid-mediated pathologic activation of mTORC1 in hepatocytes and macrophages, which in turn prevents NAFLD development. Thus, the administration of CRG may be an alternative for the prevention of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yeon Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (S.-Y.C.); (J.-S.P.); (C.-H.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (D.-J.S.)
| | - Jeong-Su Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (S.-Y.C.); (J.-S.P.); (C.-H.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (D.-J.S.)
| | - Chang-Ho Shon
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (S.-Y.C.); (J.-S.P.); (C.-H.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (D.-J.S.)
| | - Chae-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (S.-Y.C.); (J.-S.P.); (C.-H.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (D.-J.S.)
| | - Jae-Myun Ryu
- NOVA K-MED Co., Ltd., 1646 Yuseong-daero, HNU Innobiz Park Suite 403, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
| | - Dong-Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (S.-Y.C.); (J.-S.P.); (C.-H.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (D.-J.S.)
| | - Bang-Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (S.-Y.C.); (J.-S.P.); (C.-H.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (D.-J.S.)
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (S.-Y.C.); (J.-S.P.); (C.-H.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (D.-J.S.)
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jin Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Jong-Won Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54596, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-W.K.); (Y.-S.R.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0953 (J.-W.K.); +82-43-261-2819 (Y.-S.R.)
| | - Yoon-Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Korea; (S.-Y.C.); (J.-S.P.); (C.-H.S.); (C.-Y.L.); (D.-J.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.-W.K.); (Y.-S.R.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0953 (J.-W.K.); +82-43-261-2819 (Y.-S.R.)
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Yoo HS, Lee EC, Chung SJ, Lee YH, Lee SG, Yun M, Lee PH, Sohn YH, Seong JK, Ye BS. Effects of Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body disease on subcortical atrophy. Eur J Neurol 2019; 27:318-326. [PMID: 31487756 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Subcortical structures are affected by neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body disease (LBD). Although the co-occurrence of AD and LBD pathologies and their possible interaction have been reported, the effect of AD and LBD on subcortical structures remains unknown. The effects of AD and LBD on subcortical atrophy and their relationship with cognitive dysfunction were investigated. METHODS The cross-sectional study recruited 42 patients with pure AD related cognitive impairment (ADCI), 30 patients with pure LBD related cognitive impairment (LBCI), 58 patients with mixed ADCI and LBCI, and 29 normal subjects. A general linear model was used to compare subcortical volume and shape amongst the groups, to investigate the independent and interaction effects of ADCI and LBCI on subcortical shape and volume, and to analyze the relationship between subcortical volume and cognitive dysfunction in each group. RESULTS Alzheimer's disease related cognitive impairment and LBCI were independently associated with subcortical atrophies in the hippocampus and amygdala and in the hippocampus and putamen respectively, but their interaction effect was not significant. Compared to the control group, the pure LBCI group exhibited additional local atrophies in the amygdala, caudate and thalamus. Subcortical atrophies correlated differently with cognitive dysfunction according to the underlying causes of cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS The patterns of subcortical atrophies and their correlation with cognitive dysfunction differ according to the underlying AD, LBD or concomitant AD and LBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E C Lee
- Department of Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Chung
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S G Lee
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M Yun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - P H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J-K Seong
- Department of Bio-convergence Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B S Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Chung SJ, Park YH, Yun HJ, Kwon H, Yoo HS, Sohn YH, Lee JM, Lee PH. Clinical relevance of amnestic versus non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment subtyping in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol 2019; 26:766-773. [PMID: 30565368 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To clarify whether subtyping of amnestic and non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is clinically relevant in Parkinson's disease (PD) by analyzing patterns of neuroimaging and longitudinal cognitive changes. METHODS We performed comparative analyses of cortical thickness, hippocampal volume, white matter integrity and resting-state functional connectivity between the patients with de-novo PD with amnestic MCI (PD-aMCI) (n = 50) and non-amnestic MCI (PD-naMCI) (n = 50) subtypes. Additionally, we assessed the longitudinal rate of cognitive decline in each cognitive domain over time and the rate of dementia conversion in patients with de-novo PD-aMCI (n = 125) and PD-naMCI (n = 61). RESULTS The demographic data showed that scores in memory domains were lower in the PD-aMCI group compared with the PD-naMCI group. There were no significant differences in cortical thickness, hippocampal volume and white matter integrity between the two groups, although the PD-aMCI group exhibited more cortical thinning and hippocampal atrophy relative to the control group. The PD-aMCI group exhibited increased functional connectivity in the left posterior parietal region with the salience network relative to the PD-naMCI group. The longitudinal cognitive assessment demonstrated that patients with PD-aMCI exhibited a more rapid cognitive decline in frontal/executive function than those with PD-naMCI (P = 0.022). In addition, the PD-aMCI group had a higher risk of dementia conversion than the PD-naMCI group. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the designation of PD-MCI subtypes based on memory function would highlight the heterogeneity of functional correlates as well as the longitudinal cognitive prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Chung
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y-H Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Yun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - H S Yoo
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y H Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J-M Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - P H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Choi KM, Yoo HS. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Enhances Glucose Uptake Through Activation of Insulin Signaling in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1153-1160. [PMID: 29722480 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables, and its metabolite 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) reduce body mass and serum glucose levels in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. This study aimed to determine whether I3C or DIM could increase glucose uptake via enhanced insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, as well as the mechanism involved. METHODS 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated by using a mixture of adipogenic inducers, including a suboptimal concentration of insulin. RESULTS DIM, but not I3C, increased adipocyte differentiation through upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α. DIM also enhanced glucose uptake by increasing expression of glucose transporter 4 in adipocytes. This was associated with DIM-enhanced phosphorylation of the signaling intermediates Akt, insulin receptor substrate-1, and insulin receptor early in differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that DIM may improve insulin sensitivity through the activation of the insulin signaling pathway, leading to enhanced glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Mi Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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11
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Son YJ, Kim HS, Mao W, Park JB, Lee D, Lee H, Yoo HS. Hydro-nanofibrous mesh deep cell penetration: a strategy based on peeling of electrospun coaxial nanofibers. Nanoscale 2018; 10:6051-6059. [PMID: 29546898 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr04928e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A two-step strategy for coaxial electrospinning and postelectrospinning is an effective method for fabricating superfine nanofibers composed of highly swellable hydrogels. Alginate and poly(ε-caprolactone) [PCL] were coelectrospun via fibrous meshes with a coaxial nozzle; alginate at the core was subsequently cross-linked in calcium chloride solution. The PCL sheath was removed from the meshes by repeated organic-phase washing. The peeling process was monitored by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, and the complete removal of the PCL outer layers was confirmed by the thinning of the fiber volume. The obtained alginate hydronanofiber showed extreme water-swellability and mass erosion depending on the degree of cross-linking. We also measured the nanoscale and macroscale mechanical properties of a single nanofiber and of the whole mesh by atomic force microscopy and rheometry. Quantitative analysis of nanomechanical properties indicated that the hydronanofiber with higher cross-linking density had higher stiffness and Derjaguin-Müller-Toporov modulus. Cells laid on the mesh and the vertical infiltration distance were visualized and quantified by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cells on the mesh with higher cross-linking density infiltrated deeply to the bottom of the mesh. Thus, hydrogel-like nanofibrous meshes are versatile matrices allowing for deep infiltration of cells throughout the mesh via manipulation of the mechanical properties of the nanofiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Son
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - W Mao
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - J B Park
- Jeonju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - D Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - H Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KI NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 University Rd., Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Yoo
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Lee A, Choi KM, Jung WB, Jeong H, Kim GY, Lee JH, Lee MK, Hong JT, Roh YS, Sung SH, Yoo HS. Enhancement of Glucose Uptake by Meso-Dihydroguaiaretic Acid through GLUT4 Up-Regulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091423. [PMID: 28846649 PMCID: PMC6151792 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, which leads to increased blood glucose levels. Adipocytes are involved in the development of insulin resistance, resulting from the dysfunction of the insulin signaling pathway. In this study, we investigated whether meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid (MDGA) may modulate glucose uptake in adipocytes, and examined its mechanism of action. MDGA enhanced adipogenesis through up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α in 3T3-L1 adipocytes partially differentiated with sub-optimal concentrations of insulin. MDGA also increased glucose uptake by stimulating expression and translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in adipocytes. These results suggest that MDGA may increase GLUT4 expression and its translocation by promoting insulin sensitivity, leading to enhanced glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Kyeong-Mi Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Won-Beom Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Heejin Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Ga-Yeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Ju Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Yoon-Seok Roh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyun Sung
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 28160, Korea.
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Son DJ, Jung YY, Park MH, Lee HL, Song MJ, Yoo HS, Hwang DY, Han SB, Hong JT. Activated Natural Killer Cells Mediate the Suppressive Effect of Interleukin-4 on Tumor Development via STAT6 Activation in an Atopic Condition Melanoma Model. Neoplasia 2017; 19:537-548. [PMID: 28587956 PMCID: PMC5459571 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A protective effect of allergy for cancer has been suggested, but the results are somewhat conflicting, and the mechanism remains elusive. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) signaling has been identified as a potentially important pathway in the development of allergies and the suppression of cancer development. To evaluate the allergy responses in IL-4–mediated tumor development, we compared the growth of B16F10 melanoma cells in 4% phthalic anhydride (PA)-treated IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 transgenic mice (IL-4 mice) and acetone-olive oil (AOO)–treated IL-4 mice as a control for 3 weeks. Much higher allergic responses and natural killer (NK) and STAT6 activation were found in PA-treated IL-4 mice compared with AOO-treated IL-4 control mice. Tumor volume and weight showed an inverse association with the higher allergic response and were significantly reduced in the PA-treated IL-4 mice when compared with those of AOO-treated IL-4 control mice. Significantly higher activation of STAT6, as well as IL-4 and NK cell activation, was found in the tumor tissues of PA-treated IL-4 mice. Infiltration of immune cells and cytokine levels were also higher in the tumor tissues of PA-treated IL-4 mice. We further found that IL-4–activated NK-92MI cells showed increased anticancer effects in human melanoma cells. Overall, these results showed that allergy responses further accelerated the IL-4–induced inhibition of tumor development through the activation of STAT6 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Yeon Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Lim Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Song
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 64 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 34943, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterial Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Kyungnam 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Kim HJ, Kim JS, Oh S, Yoo HS. Inhibition of Ceramide Decreased the Expression of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter G5/8 mRNA in an Animal Model of Cholesterol Gallstone. Dig Dis 2017; 35:439-443. [PMID: 28268212 DOI: 10.1159/000465517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased risk of gallstone has been reported in patients with ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter polymorphism. The half-transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8 mediate the efflux of cholesterol in hepatocytes and the intestine. We investigated whether ceramide plays a role in cholesterol efflux through the ABC transporters. METHODS Six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were assigned to 3 groups. The normal group (n = 5) was fed a normal chow diet, the cholesterol group (n = 10) was fed a lithogenic diet, and the myriocin group (n = 15) was fed the lithogenic diet and myriocin, a specific inhibitor of serine-palmitoyl transferase. After 6 weeks, the ABCG5 and ABCG8 transporters were analyzed. RESULTS The rate of cholesterol gallstone formation in cholesterol group was also higher than that in normal and myriocin groups (0, 70, and 40%, respectively). ABCG5 and ABCG8 mRNA levels were significantly increased in cholesterol group and less increased in myriocin group, relative to that in normal group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The inhibition of ceramide biosynthesis by myriocin suppressed gallstone formation and ABCG5/8 mRNA expression. We expect that ceramide's role as a regulator of the ABCG5/8 transporter might be linked to cholesterol gallstone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Choi KM, Kim W, Hong JT, Yoo HS. Dodeca-2(E),4(E)-dienoic acid isobutylamide enhances glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells via activation of Akt signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 426:9-15. [PMID: 27854076 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2876-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dodeca-2(E),4(E)-dienoic acid isobutylamide (DDI), an alkamide derived from the plant Echinacea purpurea, promotes adipocyte differentiation and activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, which is associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity. In the present study, we investigated whether DDI may increase glucose uptake through activation of the insulin signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. DDI increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and expression and translocation of glucose transporter 4 in adipocytes treated with sub-optimal levels of insulin. Additionally, DDI enhanced Akt phosphorylation, whereas phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt inhibitors suppressed DDI-induced glucose uptake. These results suggest that DDI may improve insulin sensitivity through the activation of Akt signaling, which leads to enhanced glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Mi Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonkyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Han JY, Moon YJ, Han JH, Kim JH, Woo JH, Yoo HS, Hong JT, Ahn HY, Hong JM, Oh KW. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) attenuates the hemodynamics stimulated by caffeine through decrease of catecholamines release. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1307-12. [PMID: 27457068 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0757-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A human study of the effects on hemodynamics of caffeine and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) was performed. Caffeine tablets (200 mg) were orally administered to healthy males aged between 25 and 35 years 30 min after oral administration of EGCG tablets (100 and 200 mg). The increase in BP induced by caffeine was inhibited when co-administrated with EGCG. We found that caffeine slightly decreased heart rate (HR) in the volunteers. Although EGCG enhanced HR reduction, the effect was not significant. In addition, caffeine increased blood catecholamine levels, but EGCG inhibited the increase in noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine levels induced by caffeine. Whether EGCG decreases the elevated HR and systolic perfusion pressure, and ventricular contractility induced by adrenergic agonists in the isolated rat heart was investigated. The modified Krebs-Henseleit solution was perfused through a Langendorff apparatus to the isolated hearts of rats. HR, systolic perfusion pressure, and developed maximal rates of contraction (+dP/dtmax) and relaxation (-dP/dtmax) were increased by epinephrine (EP) and isoproterenol (IP). In contrast, EGCG decreased the elevated HR, systolic perfusion pressure, and left ventricular ±dp/dtmax induced by EP and/or IP. In conclusion, EGCG could attenuate the hemodynamics stimulated by caffeine through decreasing catecholamine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yi Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 362-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Moon
- College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 579-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Han
- College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 579-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 579-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Woo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center (MRC), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center (MRC), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center (MRC), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Yul Ahn
- College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Myeon Hong
- College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Wan Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center (MRC), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon SM, Jung YY, Hwang CJ, Park MH, Yoon NY, Kim TM, Yu JM, Kim DH, Seo DW, Youn HS, Seo HO, Chung IS, Han SB, Hwang BY, Yoo HS, Jung JK, Lee H, Hong JT. Anti-cancer effect of N-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-chloro-2,3-dihydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-carboxamide, a novel synthetic compound. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:659-70. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mi Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Yu Yeon Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Chul Ju Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Na Young Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Tae Myung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Ji Myung Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Doo Won Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Hyu Seok Youn
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Hyun Ok Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - In Sung Chung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Heesoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
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Ahmad B, Khan F, Ahmed J, Cha SB, Shin M, Bashir S, Yoo HS. Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Burns Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i12.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Cho HH, Shin KO, Seo CH, Lee SH, Yoo HS, Yoon HR, Kim JW, Lee YM. Quantification of 4-methylimidazole in carbonated beverages by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:1363-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Lee YS, Choi KM, Lee S, Sin DM, Yoo KS, Lim Y, Lee YM, Hong JT, Yun YP, Yoo HS. Myriocin, a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor, suppresses tumor growth in a murine melanoma model by inhibiting de novo sphingolipid synthesis. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 13:92-100. [DOI: 10.4161/cbt.13.2.18870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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21
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Hwang CJ, Yun HM, Park KR, Song JK, Seo HO, Hyun BK, Choi DY, Yoo HS, Oh KW, Hwang DY, Han SB, Hong JT. Memory Impairment in Estrogen Receptor α Knockout Mice Through Accumulation of Amyloid-β Peptides. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:176-86. [PMID: 25128029 PMCID: PMC4510915 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen has been known to reduce the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, exact mechanisms are not clear. We investigated whether estrogen can increase amyloid-beta (Aβ) degradation and affects Aβ-induced memory impairment in an estrogen deficiency model. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) knockout mice and wild-type mice were intracerebroventricular (ICV) infused with Aβ (300 pmol) for 2 weeks. Cognitive function was then assessed by the Morris water maze test and passive avoidance test. In addition, Western blot analysis, immunostaining, immunofluorescence staining, ELISA, and enzyme activity assays were used to examine the degree of Aβ deposition in the brains of ERα knockout mice. In our present study, Aβ was accumulated more in the ERα knockout mice brain and greatly worsened memory impairment and glial activation as well as neurogenic inflammation. These results suggest that estrogen may protect memory impairment by stimulating the degradation of Aβ and down-regulate neurogenic inflammation as well as amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Ju Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 52, Naesudong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Na K, Yoo HS, Zhang YX, Choi MS, Lee K, Yi TG, Song SU, Jeon MS. Bone marrow-derived clonal mesenchymal stem cells inhibit ovalbumin-induced atopic dermatitis. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1345. [PMID: 25032868 PMCID: PMC4123091 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory activities, including suppression of T- and B-cell activation. However, their effects on atopic dermatitis (AD) have not yet been studied. Using an ovalbumin-induced AD mouse model, we investigated whether MSCs can be used as therapeutics in AD. We isolated both allogeneic and syngeneic clonal MSCs (cMSCs) from mouse bone marrow according to the subfractionation culturing method. Our cMSCs suppressed both T- and B-cell activation. T-cell proliferation and cytokine production, including interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4, were suppressed by inhibition of transcription factors, such as T-bet, GATA-3, and c-Maf. Those transcription factors were nitric oxide dependent. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) suppression occurred through downregulation of AID and BLIMP-1, important regulators for isotype class switch and B-cell differentiation. The cMSCs were injected intravenously into ovalbumin-induced AD mouse model, and the therapeutic effects were analyzed. Injection of both allogeneic and syngeneic cMSCs in an AD mouse model inhibited cell infiltration in skin lesions and decreased the serum level of IgE. IL-4 expression was also suppressed by cMSCs in both the lymph node and skin. The cMSCs migrated to skin lesions and draining lymph nodes. Taken together, these data demonstrated that cMSCs, which suppressed T- and B-cell functions, can be used for the treatment of AD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Na
- Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Yoo
- Department of Drug Development, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y X Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - M-S Choi
- Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - K Lee
- Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - T G Yi
- 1] Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [2] SCM Lifescience Co. Ltd, Incheon, Republic of Korea [3] Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - S U Song
- 1] Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [2] Department of Drug Development, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [3] SCM Lifescience Co. Ltd, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - M-S Jeon
- 1] Translational Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [2] Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea [3] Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Choi KM, Jeon YS, Kim W, Lee A, Kim YG, Lee JH, Kang YE, Jung JC, Lee J, Min B, Kwon SH, Davis B, Lee MK, Yoo HS. Xanthigen attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity through down-regulation of PPARγ and activation of the AMPK pathway. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Jo M, Yun HM, Park KR, Park MH, Lee DH, Cho SH, Yoo HS, Lee YM, Jeong HS, Kim Y, Jung JK, Hwang BY, Lee MK, Kim ND, Han SB, Hong JT. Anti-cancer effect of thiacremonone through down regulation of peroxiredoxin 6. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91508. [PMID: 24618722 PMCID: PMC3950181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiacremonone (2, 4-dihydroxy-2, 5-dimethyl-thiophene-3-one) is an antioxidant substance as a novel sulfur compound generated from High-Temperature-High-Pressure-treated garlic. Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is a member of peroxidases, and has glutathione peroxidase and calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activities. Several studies have demonstrated that PRDX6 stimulates lung cancer cell growth via an increase of glutathione peroxidase activity. A docking model study and pull down assay showed that thiacremonone completely fits on the active site (cys-47) of glutathione peroxidase of PRDX6 and interacts with PRDX6. Thus, we investigated whether thiacremonone inhibits cell growth by blocking glutathione peroxidase of PRDX6 in the human lung cancer cells, A549 and NCI-H460. Thiacremonone (0-50 μg/ml) inhibited lung cancer cell growth in a concentration dependent manner through induction of apoptotic cell death accompanied by induction of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax, p21 and p53, but decrease of xIAP, cIAP and Bcl2 expression. Thiacremonone further inhibited glutathione peroxidase activity in lung cancer cells. However, the cell growth inhibitory effect of thiacremonone was not observed in the lung cancer cells transfected with mutant PRDX6 (C47S) and in the presence of dithiothreitol and glutathione. In an allograft in vivo model, thiacremonone (30 mg/kg) also inhibited tumor growth accompanied with the reduction of PRDX6 expression and glutathione peroxidase activity, but increased expression of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax, p21 and p53. These data indicate that thiacremonone inhibits tumor growth via inhibition of glutathione peroxidase activity of PRDX6 through interaction. These data suggest that thiacremonone may have potentially beneficial effects in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Jo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Hyung-Mun Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Seung Hee Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Yong-Moon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Heon Sang Jeong
- College of Agriculture, Life and Environments Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Lee YS, Choi KM, Kim W, Jeon YS, Lee YM, Hong JT, Yun YP, Yoo HS. Hinokitiol inhibits cell growth through induction of S-phase arrest and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells and suppresses tumor growth in a mouse xenograft experiment. J Nat Prod 2013; 76:2195-202. [PMID: 24308647 DOI: 10.1021/np4005135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hinokitiol (1), a tropolone-related natural compound, induces apoptosis and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities. In this study, the inhibitory effects of 1 were investigated on human colon cancer cell growth and tumor formation of xenograft mice. HCT-116 and SW-620 cells derived from human colon cancers were found to be similarly susceptible to 1, with IC50 values of 4.5 and 4.4 μM, respectively. Compound 1 induced S-phase arrest in the cell cycle progression and decreased the expression levels of cyclin A, cyclin E, and Cdk2. Conversely, 1 increased the expression of p21, a Cdk inhibitor. Compound 1 decreased Bcl-2 expression and increased the expression of Bax, and cleaved caspase-9 and -3. The effect of 1 on tumor formation when administered orally was evaluated in male BALB/c-nude mice implanted intradermally separately with HCT-116 and SW-620 cells. Tumor volumes and tumor weights in the mice treated with 1 (100 mg/kg) were decreased in both cases. These results suggest that the suppression of tumor formation by compound 1 in human colon cancer may occur through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Sun Lee
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chungbuk National University , Cheongju 361-763, Korea
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Choi KM, Lee YS, Kim W, Kim SJ, Shin KO, Yu JY, Lee MK, Lee YM, Hong JT, Yun YP, Yoo HS. Sulforaphane attenuates obesity by inhibiting adipogenesis and activating the AMPK pathway in obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 25:201-7. [PMID: 24445045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with metabolic disorders. Sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate, inhibits adipogenesis and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated whether sulforaphane could prevent high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in C57BL/6N mice. Mice were fed a normal diet (ND), HFD or HFD plus 0.1% sulforaphane (SFN) for 6 weeks. Food efficiency ratios and body weight were lower in HFD-SFN-fed mice than in HFD-fed mice. SFN attenuated HFD-induced visceral adiposity, adipocyte hypertrophy and fat accumulation in the liver. Serum total cholesterol and leptin, and liver triglyceride levels were lower in HFD-SFN-fed mice than in HFD-fed mice. SFN decreased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and leptin in the adipose tissue of HFD-SFN mice and increased adiponectin expression. Phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the adipose tissue of HFD-SFN-fed mice was elevated, and HMG-CoA reductase expression was decreased compared with HFD-fed mice. Thus, these results suggest that SFN may induce antiobesity activity by inhibiting adipogenesis through down-regulation of PPARγ and C/EBPα and by suppressing lipogenesis through activation of the AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Mi Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Sun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonkyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong-Oh Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Yu
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Moon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Pyo Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Center for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chungbuk National University, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea.
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Ahn JH, Shin E, Liu Q, Kim SB, Choi KM, Yoo HS, Hwang BY, Lee MK. Secoiridoids from the stem barks ofFraxinus rhynchophyllawith pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:1132-5. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2012.711328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Park ES, Kang SI, Yoo KD, Lee MY, Yoo HS, Hong JT, Shin HS, Kim B, Yun YP. Camptothecin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced proliferation of rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells through inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:982-91. [PMID: 23328306 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in arterial wall is a major cause of vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty. In this study, we investigated not only the inhibitory effects of camptothecin (CPT) on PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation, but also its molecular mechanism of this inhibition. CPT significantly inhibited proliferation with IC50 value of 0.58 μM and the DNA synthesis of PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner (0.5-2 μM ) without any cytotoxicity. CPT induced the cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Also, CPT decreased the expressions of G0/G1-specific regulatory proteins including cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2, cyclin D1 and PCNA in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs. Pre-incubation of VSMCs with CPT significantly inhibited PDGF-BB-induced Akt activation, whereas CPT did not affect PDGF-receptor beta phosphorylation, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation and phospholipase C (PLC)-γ1 phosphorylation in PDGF-BB signaling pathway. Our data showed that CPT pre-treatment inhibited VSMC proliferation, and that the inhibitory effect of CPT was enhanced by LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, on PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation. In addition, inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway by LY294002 significantly enhanced the suppression of PCNA expression and Akt activation by CPT. These results suggest that the anti-proliferative activity of CPT is mediated in part by downregulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seok Park
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Division of Life Science, College of Health and Biomedical Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk, South Korea
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29
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Choi KM, Lee YS, Shin DM, Lee S, Yoo KS, Lee MK, Lee JH, Kim SY, Lee YM, Hong JT, Yun YP, Yoo HS. Green tomato extract attenuates high-fat-diet-induced obesity through activation of the AMPK pathway in C57BL/6 mice. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:335-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Choi KM, Lee YS, Kim W, Choi YH, Kwak YG, Jung JC, Lee J, Yoo HS. Improvement of High-fat Diet-induced Obesity by Xanthigen in C57BL/6N Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2012.22.12.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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31
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Park ES, Yoo JM, Yoo HS, Yoon DY, Yun YP, Hong J. IL-32γ enhances TNF-α-induced cell death in colon cancer. Mol Carcinog 2012; 53 Suppl 1:E23-35. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.21990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seok Park
- Division of Life Science; Department of Applied Biochemistry; College of Health and Biomedical Science; Konkuk University; Chungju Korea
| | - Jae-Myung Yoo
- College of Pharmacy; Institute of Drug Research and Development; Chungnam National University; Daejon Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Bio/Molecular Informatics Center; Konkuk University; Seoul Korea
| | - Yeo-Pyo Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Korea
| | - JinTae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Korea
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Choi KM, Lee YS, Sin DM, Lee S, Lee MK, Lee YM, Hong JT, Yun YP, Yoo HS. Sulforaphane inhibits mitotic clonal expansion during adipogenesis through cell cycle arrest. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012; 20:1365-71. [PMID: 22282047 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2011.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for numerous metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease. Adipocyte differentiation is triggered by adipocyte hyperplasia, which leads to obesity. In this study, the inhibitory effect of sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate, on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells was investigated. Sulforaphane decreased the accumulation of lipid droplets stained with Oil Red O and inhibited the elevation of triglycerides in the adipocytes (half-maximal inhibitory concentration = 7.3 µmol/l). The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), major transcription factors for adipocyte differentiation, was significantly reduced by sulforaphane. The major effects of sulforaphane on the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation occurred during the early stage of adipogenesis. Thus, the expression of C/EBPβ, an early-stage biomarker of adipogenesis, decreased in a concentration-dependent manner when the adipocytes were exposed to sulforaphane (0, 5, 10, and 20 µmol/l). The proliferation of adipocytes treated with 20 µmol/l sulforaphane for 24 and 48 h was also suppressed. These results indicate that sulforaphane may specifically affect mitotic clonal expansion to inhibit adipocyte differentiation. Sulforaphane arrested the cell cycle at the G(0)/G(1) phase, increased p27 expression, and decreased retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation. Additionally, sulforaphane modestly decreased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt. Our results indicate that the inhibition of early-stage adipocyte differentiation by sulforaphane may be associated with cell cycle arrest at the G(0)/G(1) phase through upregulation of p27 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Mi Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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33
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Ji SY, Choi KM, Lee YS, Yu JY, Shin DM, Lee S, Yoo KS, Lee YM, Yun YP, Yoo HS. Rhamnetin-induced suppression of clonal expansion during early stage of adipogenesis. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:1083-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-0616-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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Yoo KD, Park ES, Lim Y, Kang SI, Yoo SH, Won HH, Kim YH, Yoo ID, Yoo HS, Hong JT, Yun YP. Clitocybin A, a novel isoindolinone, from the mushroom Clitocybe aurantiaca, inhibits cell proliferation through G1 phase arrest by regulating the PI3K/Akt cascade in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2012; 118:171-7. [PMID: 22343364 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.11159fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and restenosis. Clitocybin A, a novel isoindolinone, isolated from the culture broth of mushroom Clitocybe aurantiaca has been reported to possess free radical scavenging activity. However, the antiproliferative effects of clitocybin A on VSMCs are unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of clitocybin A on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced proliferation of VSMCs and examined the molecular basis of the underlying mechanism. Clitocybin A inhibited DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. In accordance with these findings, clitocybin A blocked the PDGF-BB-inducible progression through G0/G1 to S phase of the cell cycle in synchronized cells and decreased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, CDK4, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and proliferative cell nuclear antigen. In addition, clitocybin A inhibited the PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) / Akt kinase. However, clitocybin A did not change the expression levels of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2, phospholipase C-γ1, and PDGF-Rβ phosphorylation. These results indicate that clitocybin A may inhibit VSMCs proliferation through G1 phase arrest by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Dong Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Research Center for Bioresource and Health, Chungbuk National University, Korea
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35
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Ahn JH, Liu Q, Lee C, Ahn MJ, Yoo HS, Hwang BY, Lee MK. A new pancreatic lipase inhibitor from Broussonetia kanzinoki. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2760-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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36
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Shin KO, Park MY, Seo CH, Lee YI, Kim HS, Yoo HS, Hong JT, Jung JK, Lee YM. Terpene alcohols inhibit de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. Planta Med 2012; 78:434-439. [PMID: 22274813 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The terpene alcohols geranyllinalool, phytol (diterpene alcohol), and farnesol (sesquiterpene alcohol) were newly found to inhibit sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis in LLC-PK₁ cells (pig kidney epithelial cells). A simple chromatographic bioassay was established for the screening of inhibitory compounds able to reduce the amount of sphinganine, an intermediate metabolite of sphingolipid biosynthesis. The screening strategy was based on the degree of suppression of fumonisin B₁ (FB₁-induced sphinganine accumulation following co-treatment with selected terpene alcohols. L-cycloserine and ISP-1, specific serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) inhibitors, were used as positive controls. Our results show that measuring reduced sphinganine levels after treatment with 2 µM FB₁ in combination with the putative inhibitory compounds provides a useful screening bioassay for evaluating compounds causing sphingolipid depletion. Intracellular sphinganine concentrations were analyzed using the fluorescent peak areas of the O-phthalaldehyde (OPA) derivatives of sphinganine eluted with 87 % acetonitrile on a reversed-phase column. Geranyllinalool, phytol, and farnesol were identified as novel SPT inhibitors that reduce FB₁-induced sphinganine accumulation and thus inhibit the first step of sphingolipid de novo synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong-Oh Shin
- College of Pharmacy and MRC, Chungbuk National University, Chongju, Korea
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Cho HJ, Yoo HS, Park SY, Yang EM, Yoon MG, Park HS, Ye YM. A case of cimetidine-induced immediate hypersensitivity. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2012; 22:216-218. [PMID: 22697013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H J Cho
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
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Abstract
Inhibition of adipocytes differentiation is suggested to be an important strategy for prevention and/or treatment of obesity. In our present study, Cordyceps militaris showed significant inhibitory activity on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes as assessed by measuring fat accumulation using Oil Red O staining. Activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of cordycepin (1), guanosine (2) and tryptophan (3) as active compounds. All the three compounds were more effective in the prevention of early stage of adipogenesis than in lipolysis. In addition, combinational treatment of three compounds significantly increased anti-adipogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - In Pyo Hong
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon, Gyunggi 441-707, Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
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Liu Q, Hong IP, Ahn MJ, Yoo HS, Han SB, Hwang BY, Lee MK. Anti-adipogenic activity of Cordyceps militaris in 3T3-L1 cells. Nat Prod Commun 2011; 6:1839-1841. [PMID: 22312720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of adipocytes differentiation is suggested to be an important strategy for prevention and/or treatment of obesity. In our present study, Cordyceps militaris showed significant inhibitory activity on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes as assessed by measuring fat accumulation using Oil Red O staining. Activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of cordycepin (1), guanosine (2) and tryptophan (3) as active compounds. All the three compounds were more effective in the prevention of early stage of adipogenesis than in lipolysis. In addition, combinational treatment of three compounds significantly increased anti-adipogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
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Park ES, Yoo JM, Lim Y, Tudev M, Yoo HS, Hong JT, Yun YP. Inhibitory effects of docetaxel on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through blocking PDGF-receptor β phosphorylation. J Pharmacol Sci 2011; 116:204-13. [PMID: 21685708 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.10276fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in arterial wall is an important pathogenic factor for vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty. The present study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effects of docetaxel on VSMC proliferation, as well as the molecular mechanism of this inhibition. Docetaxel at 10, 20 and 40 µM significantly inhibited both the proliferation and the DNA synthesis of fetal bovine serum (FBS)- and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. In accordance with these findings, docetaxel blocked the FBS- and PDGF-BB-induced progression of synchronized cells through the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Docetaxel also decreased the expressions of cell cycle-related proteins, including cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, cyclin E, CDK4, cyclin D1, retinoblastoma protein, and proliferative cell nuclear antigen in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs. Docetaxel significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, Akt, and phospholipase C-γ1, downstream molecule in the PDGF-BB signaling pathway. Docetaxel suppressed the phosphorylation of PDGF receptor (PDGF-R) β, the upstream molecule in PDGF-BB signaling cascade, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of docetaxel on the proliferation of VSMCs may occur by blocking PDGF-Rβ phosphorylation. Thus, docetaxel may be a potential antiproliferative agent for the treatment of atherosclerosis and angioplasty restenosis.[Supplementary Figures: available only at http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jphs.10276FP].
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seok Park
- College of Pharmacy, CBITRC, Chungbuk National University, Korea
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Choi KM, Lee YS, Choi MH, Sin DM, Lee S, Ji SY, Lee MK, Lee YM, Yun YP, Hong JT, Yoo HS. Inverse relationship between adipocyte differentiation and ceramide level in 3T3-L1 cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:912-6. [PMID: 21628894 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation has been a target in anti-obesity strategies and is known to be closely related to lipid metabolism. Ceramide, a major sphingolipid metabolite, has been implicated in differentiation. In this study, we investigated whether ceramide biosynthesis is related to adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Preadipocytes can be differentiated synchronously by a mixture of adipogenic inducers including 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, dexamethasone and insulin. The number of lipid droplets and the triglyceride content, which are differentiation biomarkers, gradually increased during adipogenesis. Interestingly, ceramide and sphingosine contents in the differentiated cells were decreased compared to those in preadipocytes. When the preadipocytes were treated with an 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine- or dexamethasone- or insulin-deficient mixture of inducers, the cellular ceramide levels were significantly increased compared with those in cells treated with the complete set of inducers. When preadipocytes were treated with 0, 0.1 or 1 µg/ml insulin along with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and dexamethasone, the ceramide levels were decreased and the triglyceride content was increased in a concentration-dependent manner. When the cells were treated with epigallocatechin gallate, an adipocyte differentiation inhibitor, during adipogenesis, the ceramide levels of adipocytes were increased and the fat content was decreased. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that cellular ceramide levels are inversely correlated with adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Mi Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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Choi KM, Shin E, Liu Q, Yoo HS, Kim YC, Sung SH, Hwang BY, Lee MK. Hydroxyframoside B, a secoiridoid of Fraxinus rhynchophylla, inhibits adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Planta Med 2011; 77:1020-1023. [PMID: 21294077 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1270712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fraxinus rhynchophylla showed significant inhibitory activity on adipocyte differentiation in the 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell line as assessed by measuring fat accumulation using Oil Red O staining. Further fractionation led to the isolation of two secoiridoids, oleuropein and hydroxyframoside B. Hydroxyframoside B significantly reduced fat accumulation and triglyceride content in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells without affecting cell viability, whereas oleuropein showed little effect. Further studies with interval treatment demonstrated that hydroxyframoside B exerted inhibitory activity on adipocyte differentiation when treated within 2 days (days 0-2) after differentiation induction. In addition, hydroxyframoside B significantly blocked the induction of adipogenic transcription factors such as C/EBP α, C/EBP β, and PPAR γ. Taken together, these results suggest that hydroxyframoside B inhibited early/middle stage of adipogenic differentiation, in part, via inhibition of C/EBP α, C/EBP β, and PPAR γ-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Mi Choi
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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Tudev M, Lim Y, Park ES, Kim WS, Lim IH, Kwak JH, Jung JK, Hong JT, Yoo HS, Lee MY, Pyo MY, Yun YP. Anti-Proliferative Activity of OD78 Is Mediated through Cell Cycle Progression by Upregulation p27 kip1in Rat Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2011.19.2.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Jin YX, Shin KO, Park MY, Lee SH, Park BD, Oh SK, Yoo HS, Lee YM. Effects of Synthetic Pseudoceramides on Sphingosine Kinase Activity in F9-12 Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2011.19.1.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Park ES, Lim Y, Lee SH, Kwon BM, Yoo HS, Hong JT, Yun YP. Antiplatelet Activity of Obovatol, a Biphenolic Component of Magnolia Obovata, in Rat Arterial Thrombosis and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation. J Atheroscler Thromb 2011; 18:659-69. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.7427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Park KS, Oh JH, Yoo HS, Lee YM, Lee MK, Hong JT, Oh KW. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) reverses caffeine-induced anxiogenic-like effects. Neurosci Lett 2010; 481:131-4. [PMID: 20599478 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine whether (-)-epigallocatethin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) could reverse caffeine-induced anxiogenic-like effects in animals. In mice, EGCG antagonized the caffeine-induced reduction in both the open arm entry number and time-spent in open arm on elevated plus-maze. In addition, EGCG also antagonized the caffeine-induced reduction in both the central zone distance and central zone time-spent on an open field apparatus, respectively. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded from the rat anterior cerebral cortex. Caffeine increased the power density-ratios of fast (FW: 8.00-20.00 Hz) and slow (SW: 0.75-8.00 Hz) frequency spectrum bands in these EEG recordings. However, EGCG reduced the caffeine-induced increase of FW/SW ratios. Thus, EGCG reverses caffeine-induced anxiogenic-like effects. We also provide additional evidence that the EEG FW/SW (or SW/FW) ratios can be a useful tool for the prediction of anxiogenic and/or anxiolytic effects in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Soon Park
- College of Pharmacy and CBITRC, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Lee BJ, Kim JS, Kim BK, Jung SJ, Joo MK, Hong SG, Kim JS, Kim JH, Yeon JE, Park JJ, Byun KS, Bak YT, Yoo HS, Oh S. Effects of sphingolipid synthesis inhibition on cholesterol gallstone formation in C57BL/6J mice. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25:1105-10. [PMID: 20594226 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06246.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingolipids play a very important role in cell membrane formation, signal transduction and plasma lipoprotein metabolism. The first rate-limiting step in the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway is catalyzed by serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), and myriocin is a potent and specific inhibitor of SPT. We investigated the impact of SPT inhibition on cholesterol gallstone formation in C57BL/6J mice. METHODS Three groups of eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were utilized. Each group consisted of 20 mice; group A, B, and C were fed normal chow, lithogenic diet with phosphate buffered saline, and lithogenic diet with myriocin (0.3 mg/kg), respectively, for 6 weeks. The ceramide levels in both serum and bile were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Protein expression of ERK, JNK and p38 in the extracted gallbladder were determined by Western-blot analysis. RESULTS Myriocin treatment caused a significant decrease in the rate of cholesterol gallstone formation. The lithogenic diet mice (group B) showed the highest ceramide activities in both the serum and bile among all the tested groups and there was significant suppression of the ceramide levels in both the serum and bile of the myriocin-treated mice (group C, p < 0.05). Phosphorylation of p38 in the gallbladder was increased in the lithogenic-diet mice and the expression of phosphorylated p38 was significantly suppressed in the myriocin treated mice. CONCLUSIONS SPT inhibition by myriocin suppressed gallstone formation and the levels of ceramide in both the serum and bile. p38 in the cellular signaling pathways might be associated with cholesterol gallstone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park ES, Lim Y, Hong JT, Yoo HS, Lee CK, Pyo MY, Yun YP. Pterostilbene, a natural dimethylated analog of resveratrol, inhibits rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by blocking Akt-dependent pathway. Vascul Pharmacol 2010; 53:61-7. [PMID: 20398797 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main cellular component in the arterial wall, and abnormal proliferation of VSMCs plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty, and possibly in the development of hypertension. Pterostilbene, a natural dimethylated analog of resveratrol, is known to have diverse pharmacological activities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidant activities. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of pterostilbene on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced VSMCs proliferation as well as the molecular mechanisms of the antiproliferative effects. The cell growth of VSMCs was determined by cell counting and [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assays. Pterostilbene significantly inhibited the DNA synthesis and proliferation of PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition percentages of pterostilbene at 1, 3 and 5microM to VSMCs proliferation were 68.5, 80.7 and 94.6%, respectively. The DNA synthesis of pterostilbene at 1, 3 and 5microM in VSMCs was inhibited by 47.4, 76.7 and 100%, respectively. Pterostilbene inhibited the PDGF-BB-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt kinase. However, pterostilbene did not change the expression of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2, PLCgamma1, phosphatidylinositol (PI)3 kinase and PDGF-Rbeta phosphorylation. In addition, pterostilbene down-regulated the cell cycle-related proteins including the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, cyclin E, CDK4, cyclin D1, retinoblastoma (Rb) proteins and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). These findings suggest that the inhibition of pterostilbene to the cell proliferation and DNA synthesis of PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs may be mediated by the suppression of Akt kinase. Furthermore, pterostilbene may be a potential anti-proliferative agent for the treatment of atherosclerosis and angioplasty restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seok Park
- College of Pharmacy, Research Center for Bioresource and Health, CBITRC, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Shin E, Choi KM, Yoo HS, Lee CK, Hwang BY, Lee MK. Inhibitory Effects of Coumarins from the Stem Barks of Fraxinus rhynchophylla on Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33:1610-4. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.1610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University
| | | | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University
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Yu JY, Lee JJ, Jung JK, Kim TJ, Yoo HS, Yun YP, Lee JC. JY0691, a newly synthesized obovatol derivative, inhibits cell cycle progression of rat aortic smooth muscle cells through up-regulation of p21cip1. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 624:23-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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