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Cho DK, Yan B, Park SJ, Yoon YS, Lim HW, Hwang SK, Park IJ, Kim JY. Hierarchical Heterogeneous NiFe Layered Double Hydroxides for Efficient Solar-Powered Water Oxidation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:43933-43941. [PMID: 37675887 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Highly active, stable, and low-cost oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts are urgently needed for the realization of large-scale industrial hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) stand out as one of the most promising nonprecious electrocatalysts worth pursuing. Here, a hierarchical heterogeneous Ni2+Fe3+@Ni2+Fe2+ LDH was successfully synthesized via a sequential electrodeposition technique using separate electrolytes containing iron precursors with different valence states (Fe2+, Fe3+). The underlying highly crystalline Ni2+Fe2+ LDH nanosheet array provides a large surface for the catalytically more active Ni2+Fe3+ LDH overlayer with low crystallinity. The resulting Ni2+Fe3+@Ni2+Fe2+ LDH demonstrates excellent OER activity with overpotentials of 218 and 265 mV to reach current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm-2, respectively, as well as good long-term stability for 30 h even at a high current density of 500 mA cm-2. In an overall water splitting, an electrolyzer using an electrocatalyst of Sn4P3/CoP2 as a cathode requires only a cell voltage of 1.55 V at 10 mA cm-2. Furthermore, the solar-powered overall water splitting system consisting of our electrolyzer and a perovskite/Si tandem solar cell exhibits a high solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 15.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok Ki Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bingyi Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- SNU Materials Education/Research Division for Creative Global Leaders, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jeong Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seon Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Kyung Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik Jae Park
- Department of Applied Physics Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Ha D, Yoon Y, Park IJ, Cantu LT, Martinez A, Zhitenev N. Nanoscale Characterization of Photocurrent and Photovoltage in Polycrystalline Solar Cells. J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 2023; 127:11429-11437. [PMID: 37377500 PMCID: PMC10291557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the role of grain structures in nanoscale carrier dynamics of polycrystalline solar cells. By using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and near-field scanning photocurrent microscopy (NSPM) techniques, we characterize nanoscopic photovoltage and photocurrent patterns of inorganic CdTe and organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells. For CdTe solar cells, we analyze the nanoscale electric power patterns that are created by correlating nanoscale photovoltage and photocurrent maps on the same location. Distinct relations between the sample preparation conditions and the nanoscale photovoltaic properties of microscopic CdTe grain structures are observed. The same techniques are applied for characterization of a perovskite solar cell. It is found that a moderate amount of PbI2 near grain boundaries leads to the enhanced photogenerated carrier collections at grain boundaries. Finally, the capabilities and the limitations of the nanoscale techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongheon Ha
- Department
of Physics, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 61920, United States
- Physical
Measurement Laboratory, National Institute
of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute
for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yohan Yoon
- Physical
Measurement Laboratory, National Institute
of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute
for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Aerospace University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10540, Korea
| | - Ik Jae Park
- Department
of Materials Physics, Sookmyung Women’s
University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Luis Torres Cantu
- Department
of Physics, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 61920, United States
| | - Aries Martinez
- Department
of Physics, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 61920, United States
| | - Nikolai Zhitenev
- Physical
Measurement Laboratory, National Institute
of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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Park IJ, An HK, Chang Y, Kim JY. Interfacial modification in perovskite-based tandem solar cells. Nano Converg 2023; 10:22. [PMID: 37209284 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-023-00374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
With photovoltaic performance of metal halide perovskite-based solar cells skyrocketing to approximately 26% and approaching the theoretical Shockley-Queisser limit of single junction solar cells, researchers are now exploring multi-junction tandem solar cells that use perovskite materials to achieve high efficiency next-generation photovoltaics. Various types of bottom subcells, including silicon solar cells used commercially in industry, chalcogenide thin film cells, and perovskite cells, have been combined with perovskite top subcells on the strength of facile fabrication methods based on solution processes. However, owing to the nature that photovoltages of the subcells are added up and the structure containing numerous layers, interfacial issues that cause open-circuit voltage (VOC) deficit need to be handled carefully. In addition, morphological issues or process compatibility make it difficult to fabricate solution-processed perovskite top cells. In this paper, we summarize and review the fundamentals and strategies to overcome interfacial issues in tandem solar cells for high efficiency and stability confronting this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Jae Park
- Department of Materials Physics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo Kyung An
- Department of Materials Physics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Chang
- Department of Materials Physics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Oh CR, Kim JE, Lee JS, Kim SY, Kim TW, Choi J, Kim J, Park IJ, Lim SB, Park JH, Kim JH, Choi MK, Cha Y, Baek JY, Beom SH, Hong YS. Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy With Capecitabine With or Without Temozolomide in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Prospective, Randomised Phase II Study Stratified by O 6-Methylguanine DNA Methyltransferase Status: KCSG-CO17-02. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023; 35:e143-e152. [PMID: 36376167 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the clinical efficacy of adding temozolomide (TMZ) to preoperative capecitabine (CAP)-based chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and validate O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status as a predictive marker for TMZ combined regimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS LARC patients with clinical stage II (cT3-4N0) or III (cTanyN+) disease were enrolled. They were stratified into unmethylated MGMT (uMGMT) and methylated MGMT (mMGMT) groups by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction before randomisation and were then randomly assigned (1:1) to one of four treatment arms: uMGMT/CAP (arm A), uMGMT/TMZ + CAP (arm B), mMGMT/CAP (arm C) and mMGMT/TMZ + CAP (arm D). The primary end point was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. RESULTS Between November 2017 and July 2020, 64 patients were randomised. Slow accrual caused early study termination. After excluding four ineligible patients, 60 were included in the full analysis set. The pCR rate was 15.0% (9/60), 0%, 14.3%, 18.8% and 26.7% for the entire cohort, arms A, B, C and D, respectively (P = 0.0498 between arms A and D). The pCR rate was 9.7% in the CAP group (arms A + C), 20.7% in the TMZ + CAP group (arms B + D), 6.9% in the uMGMT group (arms A + B) and 22.6% in the mMGMT group (arms C + D). Grade 1-2 nausea or vomiting was significantly more frequent in the TMZ + CAP treatment groups (arms B + D) than in the CAP treatment groups (arms A + C, P < 0.001) with no difference in grade 3 adverse events. There were no grade 4 or 5 adverse events. CONCLUSION The addition of TMZ to CAP-based chemoradiotherapy tended to improve pCR rates, particularly in those with mMGMT LARC. MGMT status may warrant further investigation as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Oh
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T W Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Choi
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I J Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-B Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M K Choi
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Cha
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Baek
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Beom
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Hong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Park H, Bae JW, Lee TH, Park IJ, Kim C, Lee MG, Lee SA, Yang JW, Choi MJ, Hong SH, Kim SY, Ahn SH, Kim JY, Kim HS, Jang HW. Surface-Tailored Medium Entropy Alloys as Radically Low Overpotential Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts. Small 2022; 18:e2105611. [PMID: 35064754 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored new materials for electrocatalysts, but it is difficult to discover materials that surpass the catalytic activity of current commercially available noble metal electrocatalysts. In contrast to conventional transition metal alloys, high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have immense potential to maximize their catalytic properties because of their high stability and compositional diversity as oxygen evolution reactions (OERs). This work presents medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) as OER electrocatalysts to simultaneously satisfy the requirement of high catalytic activity and long-term stability. The surface of MEA electrocatalyst is tailored to suit the OER via anodizing and cyclic voltammetry activation methods. Optimized electrical properties and hydrophilicity of the surface enable an extremely low overpotential of 187 mV for achieving the current density of 10 mA cm-2 alkaline media. Furthermore, a combined photovoltaic-electrochemical system with MEA electrocatalyst and a perovskite/Si tandem solar cell exhibits a solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 20.6% for an unassisted hydrogen generation system. These results present a new pathway for designing sustainable high efficiency water splitting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoonkee Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Wung Bae
- Max-Planck-Instut für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tae Hyung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Ik Jae Park
- Department of Applied Physics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Mi Gyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sol A Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Min-Ju Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Ahn
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hyoung Seop Kim
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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Jun SE, Hong SP, Choi S, Kim C, Ji SG, Park IJ, Lee SA, Yang JW, Lee TH, Sohn W, Kim JY, Jang HW. Boosting Unassisted Alkaline Solar Water Splitting Using Silicon Photocathode with TiO 2 Nanorods Decorated by Edge-Rich MoS 2 Nanoplates. Small 2021; 17:e2103457. [PMID: 34453489 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To construct a highly efficient photoelectrochemical tandem device with silicon photocathode operating in alkaline conditions, it is desirable to develop stable and active catalysts which enable the photocathode to reliably perform under an alkaline environment. With nanostructured passivation layer and edge-exposed transition metal disulfides, silicon photocathode provides new opportunities for achieving unbiased alkaline solar water splitting. Here, the TiO2 nanorod arrays decorated by edge-rich MoS2 nanoplates are elaborately synthesized and deposited on p-Si. The vertically aligned TiO2 nanorods fully stabilize the Si surface and improve anti-reflectance. Moreover, MoS2 nanoplates with exposed edge sites provide catalytically active regions resulting in the kinetically favored hydrogen evolution under an alkaline environment. Interfacial energy band bending between p-Si and catalyst layers facilitates the transport of photogenerated electrons under steady-state illumination. Consequently, the MoS2 nanoplates/TiO2 nanorods/p-Si photocathode exhibits significantly improved photoelectrochemical-hydrogen evolution reaction (PEC-HER) performance in alkaline media with a high photocurrent density of 10 mA cm-2 at 0 V versus RHE and high stability. By integrating rationally designed photocathode with earth-abundant Fe60 (NiCo)30 Cr10 anode and perovskite/Si tandem photovoltaic cell, an unassisted alkaline solar water splitting is accomplished with a current density of 5.4 mA cm-2 corresponding to 6.6% solar-to-hydrogen efficiency, which is the highest among p-Si photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Eon Jun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Pyo Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhoon Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Geun Ji
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik Jae Park
- Department of Applied Physics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol A Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Wook Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woonbae Sohn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
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Kim D, Jung HJ, Park IJ, Larson BW, Dunfield SP, Xiao C, Kim J, Tong J, Boonmongkolras P, Ji SG, Zhang F, Pae SR, Kim M, Kang SB, Dravid V, Berry JJ, Kim JY, Zhu K, Kim DH, Shin B. Efficient, stable silicon tandem cells enabled by anion-engineered wide-bandgap perovskites. Science 2020; 368:155-160. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aba3433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Maximizing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells that can exceed the Shockley-Queisser single-cell limit requires a high-performing, stable perovskite top cell with a wide bandgap. We developed a stable perovskite solar cell with a bandgap of ~1.7 electron volts that retained more than 80% of its initial PCE of 20.7% after 1000 hours of continuous illumination. Anion engineering of phenethylammonium-based two-dimensional (2D) additives was critical for controlling the structural and electrical properties of the 2D passivation layers based on a lead iodide framework. The high PCE of 26.7% of a monolithic two-terminal wide-bandgap perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell was made possible by the ideal combination of spectral responses of the top and bottom cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehan Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Joon Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Ik Jae Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sean P. Dunfield
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Jekyung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhui Tong
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Passarut Boonmongkolras
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Geun Ji
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Fei Zhang
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Seong Ryul Pae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Beom Kang
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinayak Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Joseph J. Berry
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kai Zhu
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Dong Hoe Kim
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungha Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Heo SE, Lim HW, Cho DK, Park IJ, Kim H, Lee CW, Ahn SH, Kim JY. Anomalous potential dependence of conducting property in black titania nanotube arrays for electrocatalytic chlorine evolution. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Park H, Park IJ, Lee MG, Kwon KC, Hong SP, Kim DH, Lee SA, Lee TH, Kim C, Moon CW, Son DY, Jung GH, Yang HS, Lee JR, Lee J, Park NG, Kim SY, Kim JY, Jang HW. Water Splitting Exceeding 17% Solar-to-Hydrogen Conversion Efficiency Using Solution-Processed Ni-Based Electrocatalysts and Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cell. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:33835-33843. [PMID: 31436403 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Various noble metal-free electrocatalysts have been explored to enhance the overall water splitting efficiency. Ni-based compounds have attracted substantial attention for achieving efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts. Here, we show superior electrocatalysts based on NiFe alloy electroformed by a roll-to-roll process. NiFe (oxy)hydroxide synthesized by an anodization method for the OER catalyst shows an overpotential of 250 mV at 10 mA cm-2, which is dramatically smaller than that of bare NiFe alloy with an overpotential of 380 mV at 10 mA cm-2. Electrodeposited NiMo films for the HER catalyst also exhibit a small overpotential of 100 mV at 10 mA cm-2 compared with that of bare NiFe alloy (550 mV at 10 mA cm-2). A combined spectroscopic and electrochemical analysis reveals a clear relationship between the surface chemistry of NiFe (oxy)hydroxide and the water splitting properties. These outstanding fully solution-processed catalysts facilitate superb overall water splitting properties due to enlarged active surfaces and highly active catalytic properties. We combined a solution-processed monolithic perovskite/Si tandem solar cell with MAPb(I0.85Br0.15)3 for the direct conversion of solar energy into hydrogen energy, leading to the high solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 17.52%. Based on the cost-effective solution processes, our photovoltaic-electrocatalysis (PV-EC) system has advantages over latest high-performance solar water splitting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ki Chang Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dae-Yong Son
- School of Chemical Engineering , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746 , Korea
| | - Gwan Ho Jung
- Technical Research Laboratory , POSCO , Pohang 37859 , Korea
| | - Hong Seok Yang
- Technical Research Laboratory , POSCO , Pohang 37859 , Korea
| | - Jea Ryung Lee
- Technical Research Laboratory , POSCO , Pohang 37859 , Korea
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Gyu Park
- School of Chemical Engineering , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746 , Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Korea
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Lee DS, Seo SW, Park MA, Cheon KB, Ji SG, Park IJ, Kim JY. Electrochemical approach for preparing conformal methylammonium lead iodide layer. Electrochem commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Jang JK, Lee JL, Park SH, Park HJ, Park IJ, Kim JH, Choi SH, Kim J, Yu CS, Kim JC. Magnetic resonance tumour regression grade and pathological correlates in patients with rectal cancer. Br J Surg 2018; 105:1671-1679. [PMID: 29893988 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence to support the specific use of magnetic resonance tumour regression grade (mrTRG) is inadequate. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathological characteristics of mrTRG after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer and the implications for surgery. METHODS Patients undergoing long-course CRT (45-50 Gy plus a booster dose of 4-6 Gy) for mid or low rectal cancer (cT3-4 or cN+ without metastasis) between 2011 and 2015 who had post-CRT rectal MRI before surgery were included retrospectively. Three board-certified experienced radiologists assessed mrTRG. mrTRG was correlated with pathological tumour regression grade (pTRG), ypT and ypN. In a subgroup of patients with mrTRG1-2 and no tumour spread (such as nodal metastasis) on MRI, the projected rate of completion total mesorectal excision (TME) if they underwent transanal excision (TAE) and had a ypT status of ypT2 or higher was estimated, and recurrence-free survival was calculated according to the operation (TME or TAE) that patients had actually received. RESULTS Some 439 patients (290 men and 149 women of mean(s.d.) age 62·2(11·4) years) were analysed. The accuracy of mrTRG1 for predicting pTRG1 was 61 per cent (40 of 66), and that for ypT1 or less was 74 per cent (49 of 66). For mrTRG2, these values were 22·3 per cent (25 of 112) and 36·6 per cent (41 of 112) respectively. Patients with mrTRG1 and mrTRG2 without tumour spread were ypN+ in 3 per cent (1 of 29) and 16 per cent (8 of 50) respectively. Assuming mrTRG1 or mrTRG1-2 with no tumour spread on post-CRT MRI as the criteria for TAE, the projected completion TME rate was 26 per cent (11 of 43) and 41·0 per cent (41 of 100) respectively. For the 100 patients with mrTRG1-2 and no tumour spread, recurrence-free survival did not differ significantly between TME (79 patients) and TAE (21) (adjusted hazard ratio 1·86, 95 per cent c.i. 0·42 to 8·18). CONCLUSION Patients with mrTRG1 without tumour spread may be suitable for TAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Jang
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J L Lee
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S H Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - I J Park
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S H Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C S Yu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J C Kim
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
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Park IJ, Seo S, Park MA, Lee S, Kim DH, Zhu K, Shin H, Kim JY. Effect of Rubidium Incorporation on the Structural, Electrical, and Photovoltaic Properties of Methylammonium Lead Iodide-Based Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:41898-41905. [PMID: 29124921 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b13947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the electrical properties of rubidium-incorporated methylammonium lead iodide ((RbxMA1-x)PbI3) films and the photovoltaic performance of (RbxMA1-x)PbI3 film-based p-i-n-type perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The incorporation of a small amount of Rb+ (x = 0.05) increases both the open circuit voltage (Voc) and the short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of the PSCs, leading to an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, a high fraction of Rb+ incorporation (x = 0.1 and 0.2) decreases the Jsc and thus the PCE, which is attributed to the phase segregation of the single tetragonal perovskite phase to a MA-rich tetragonal perovskite phase and a RbPbI3 orthorhombic phase at high Rb fractions. Conductive atomic force microscopic and admittance spectroscopic analyses reveal that the single-phase (Rb0.05MA0.95)PbI3 film has a high electrical conductivity because of a reduced deep-level trap density. We also found that Rb substitution enhances the diode characteristics of the PSC, as evidenced by the reduced reverse saturation current (J0). The optimized (RbxMA1-x)PbI3 PSCs exhibited a PCE of 18.8% with negligible hysteresis in the photocurrent-voltage curve. The results from this work enhance the understanding of the effect of Rb incorporation into organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites and enable the exploration of Rb-incorporated mixed perovskites for various applications, such as solar cells, photodetectors, and light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Jae Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Seongrok Seo
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min Ah Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Sangwook Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Dong Hoe Kim
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kai Zhu
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, South Korea
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13
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Park IJ, Kang G, Park MA, Kim JS, Seo SW, Kim DH, Zhu K, Park T, Kim JY. Highly Efficient and Uniform 1 cm 2 Perovskite Solar Cells with an Electrochemically Deposited NiO x Hole-Extraction Layer. ChemSusChem 2017; 10:2660-2667. [PMID: 28489333 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Given that the highest certified conversion efficiency of the organic-inorganic perovskite solar cell (PSC) already exceeds 22 %, which is even higher than that of the polycrystalline silicon solar cell, the significance of new scalable processes that can be utilized for preparing large-area devices and their commercialization is rapidly increasing. From this perspective, the electrodeposition method is one of the most suitable processes for preparing large-area devices because it is an already commercialized process with proven controllability and scalability. Here, a highly uniform NiOx layer prepared by electrochemical deposition is reported as an efficient hole-extraction layer of a p-i-n-type planar PSC with a large active area of >1 cm2 . It is demonstrated that the increased surface roughness of the NiOx layer, achieved by controlling the deposition current density, facilitates the hole extraction at the interface between perovskite and NiOx , and thus increases the fill factor and the conversion efficiency. The electrochemically deposited NiOx layer also exhibits extremely uniform thickness and morphology, leading to highly efficient and uniform large-area PSCs. As a result, the p-i-n-type planar PSC with an area of 1.084 cm2 exhibits a stable conversion efficiency of 17.0 % (19.2 % for 0.1 cm2 ) without showing hysteresis effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Jae Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongho Kang
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ah Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Seong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Won Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoe Kim
- Chemical and Materials Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Kai Zhu
- Chemical and Materials Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Taiho Park
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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14
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Kim DH, Park J, Li Z, Yang M, Park JS, Park IJ, Kim JY, Berry JJ, Rumbles G, Zhu K. 300% Enhancement of Carrier Mobility in Uniaxial-Oriented Perovskite Films Formed by Topotactic-Oriented Attachment. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1606831. [PMID: 28417505 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic perovskites with intriguing optical and electrical properties have attracted significant research interests due to their excellent performance in optoelectronic devices. Recent efforts on preparing uniform and large-grain polycrystalline perovskite films have led to enhanced carrier lifetime up to several microseconds. However, the mobility and trap densities of polycrystalline perovskite films are still significantly behind their single-crystal counterparts. Here, a facile topotactic-oriented attachment (TOA) process to grow highly oriented perovskite films, featuring strong uniaxial-crystallographic texture, micrometer-grain morphology, high crystallinity, low trap density (≈4 × 1014 cm-3 ), and unprecedented 9 GHz charge-carrier mobility (71 cm2 V-1 s-1 ), is demonstrated. TOA-perovskite-based n-i-p planar solar cells show minimal discrepancies between stabilized efficiency (19.0%) and reverse-scan efficiency (19.7%). The TOA process is also applicable for growing other state-of-the-art perovskite alloys, including triple-cation and mixed-halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoe Kim
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Jaehong Park
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Zhen Li
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Mengjin Yang
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Ji-Sang Park
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Ik Jae Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Joseph J Berry
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Garry Rumbles
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Kai Zhu
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
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15
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Jung DH, Hwang S, Song GW, Ahn CS, Moon DB, Ha TY, Kim KH, Park GC, Kim BS, Park IJ, Lim SB, Kim JC, Yoo MW, Byeon JS, Jung HY, Lee GH, Myung SJ, Choe J, Choi JY, Park HW, Lee SG. Survival Benefit of Early Cancer Detection Through Regular Endoscopic Screening for De Novo Gastric and Colorectal Cancers in Korean Liver Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:145-51. [PMID: 26915860 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND De novo malignancy is not uncommon after liver transplantation (LT). Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies in both the Korean general population and LT recipients, and colorectal cancer prevalence is gradually increasing. METHODS Among 3690 adult recipients who underwent LT from January 1999 and December 2013, the screening patterns and prognosis of 26 cases of gastric cancer and 22 cases of colorectal cancer were analyzed. RESULTS For gastric cancer, the mean patient age was 54.6 ± 6.2 years at LT and 59.5 ± 6.7 years at cancer diagnosis, with a post-transplant interval of 60.2 ± 29.8 months. Patients were divided into regular (n = 18) and non-regular (n = 8) screening groups, with early cancer found in 14 and 0 patients; their 2-year survival rates after cancer diagnosis were 93.1% and 33.3% (P = .006), respectively. Endoscopic resection was successfully performed in 8 patients, all in the regular screening group. For colorectal cancer, the mean patient age was 53.3 ± 6.1 years at LT and 58.1 ± 6.7 years at cancer diagnosis, with a post-transplant interval of 54.3 ± 38.0 months. Patients were divided into regular (n = 19) and non-regular (n = 3) screening groups, with early cancer found in 12 and 0 patients; their 2-year survival rates after cancer diagnosis of 92.3% and 33.3% (P = .003), respectively. Endoscopic resection was successfully performed in 6 patients, all in the regular screening group. CONCLUSIONS LT recipients are strongly advised to undergo regular screening studies for various de novo malignancies, especially cancers common in the general population. Regular endoscopic screening contributes to the timely detection of gastric and colorectal cancers, improving post-treatment survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Jung
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - G W Song
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C S Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D B Moon
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - T Y Ha
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K H Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G C Park
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I J Park
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S B Lim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J C Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M W Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Byeon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Y Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G H Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Myung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Choe
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Choi
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H W Park
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S G Lee
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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16
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Seo S, Park IJ, Kim M, Lee S, Bae C, Jung HS, Park NG, Kim JY, Shin H. An ultra-thin, un-doped NiO hole transporting layer of highly efficient (16.4%) organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells. Nanoscale 2016; 8:11403-12. [PMID: 27216291 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01601d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
NiO is a wide band gap p-type oxide semiconductor and has potential for applications in solar energy conversion as a hole-transporting layer (HTL). It also has good optical transparency and high chemical stability, and the capability of aligning the band edges to the perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) layers. Ultra-thin and un-doped NiO films with much less absorption loss were prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with highly precise control over thickness without any pinholes. Thin enough (5-7.5 nm in thickness) NiO films with the thickness of few time the Debye length (LD = 1-2 nm for NiO) show enough conductivities achieved by overlapping space charge regions. The inverted planar perovskite solar cells with NiO films as HTLs exhibited the highest energy conversion efficiency of 16.40% with high open circuit voltage (1.04 V) and fill factor (0.72) with negligible current-voltage hysteresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongrok Seo
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ik Jae Park
- Photo-Electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, Korea and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Myungjun Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seonhee Lee
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
| | - Changdeuck Bae
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea. and Integrated Energy Center for Fostering Global Creative Researcher (BK 21 Plus) Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Gyu Park
- School of Chemical Engineering and Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Shin SS, Yang WS, Yeom EJ, Lee SJ, Jeon NJ, Joo YC, Park IJ, Noh JH, Seok SI. Tailoring of Electron-Collecting Oxide Nanoparticulate Layer for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1845-1851. [PMID: 27117778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Low-temperature-processed perovskite solar cells (PSCs), especially those fabricated on flexible substrates, exhibit device performance that is worse than that of high-temperature-processed PSCs. One of the main reasons for the inferior performance of low-temperature-processed PSCs is the loss of photogenerated electrons in the electron collection layer (ECL) or related interfaces, i.e., indium tin oxide/ECL and ECL/perovskite. Here, we report that tailoring of the energy level and electron transporting ability in oxide ECLs using Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles and quantum dots notably minimizes the loss of photogenerated electrons in the low-temperature-fabricated flexible PSC. The proposed ECL with methylammonium lead halide [MAPb(I0.9Br0.1)3] leads to fabrication of significantly improved flexible PSCs with steady-state power conversion efficiency of 16.0% under AM 1.5G illumination of 100 mW cm(-2) intensity. These results provide an effective method for fabricating high-performance, low-temperature solution-processed flexible PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Sik Shin
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 4 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Woon Seok Yang
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 4 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Yeom
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 4 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University , 2066 Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Joo Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 4 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Nam Joong Jeon
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 4 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Young-Chang Joo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Ik Jae Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Jun Hong Noh
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 4 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Sang Il Seok
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 4 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Korea
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18
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Lim SB, Yu CS, Kim CW, Yoon YS, Park IJ, Kim JC. Late anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection in rectal cancer patients: clinical characteristics and predisposing factors. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:O135-40. [PMID: 26888300 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose was to examine the clinical characteristics and predisposing factors of late anastomotic leakage following low anterior resection for rectal cancer. METHOD We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological features of patients who experienced anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Patients were divided into two groups according to the time to leakage: early leakage (within 30 days postoperatively) and late leakage (after 30 days postoperatively). Clinicopathological characteristics were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Anastomotic leakage occurred in 141 patients. Anastomotic leakage was diagnosed at a median of 17 (range 0-886) days postoperatively; 85 (60.3%) and 56 (39.7%) were categorized as the early and late leakage groups, respectively. Radiotherapy (hazard ratio 5.007; 95% CI 2.208-11.354; P < 0.0001) was the only significant independent predisposing factor for late leakage. Diverting stoma did not protect against late leakage. The late leakage group more frequently had the fistula type (46.4% vs. 10.6%; P < 0.001) and less frequently needed laparotomy (55.4% vs. 78.8%; P = 0.001). The rate of long-term stoma over 1 year was greater in the late leakage than the early leakage group (51.8% vs. 29.4%; P = 0.009). CONCLUSION Late anastomotic leakages that develop after 30 days following low anterior resection are not uncommon and may be associated with the use of radiotherapy. Late leakage should be a different entity from early leakage in terms of the type of leakage, methods of management and subsequent sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-B Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - C S Yu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Yoon
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - I J Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - J C Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Yoon YS, Kim J, Hong SM, Lee JL, Kim CW, Park IJ, Lim SB, Yu CS, Kim JC. Clinical implications of mucinous components correlated with microsatellite instability in patients with colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:O161-7. [PMID: 26095997 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Colorectal cancer (CRC) with microsatellite instability (MSI) is characterized by frequent poor differentiation or mucinous histology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of MSI with clinicopathological features and the oncological outcome in patients with a mucinous component. METHOD CRC tissue samples were analysed for histology and MSI. Patients were grouped according to the mucinous content of the tumour, as follows: > 50%, mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA); ≤ 50%, adenocarcinoma with mucinous component (AMC); none, nonmucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA). Clinicopathological parameters and survival were compared between patient groups. RESULTS Of 2025 patients, 84 (4%) had MA and 124 (6%) had AMC. In addition, 202 (10%) had MSI. Patients with MA and AMC tended to have a younger age of onset, right-colon predilection, large-sized tumour and high frequency of MSI compared with those with NMA (P < 0.001). MA and AMC patients with MSI showed a trend towards right-colon predilection and infrequent lymph-node metastasis compared with those with microsatellite stability (MSS; P = 0.005-0.03). There were no survival differences between the three groups, but patients with MSI-MA demonstrated lower 4-year recurrence and better overall survival rates than those with MSS-MA (P = 0.018 and P = 0.046, respectively). CONCLUSION Clinicopathological features of AMC and MA were similar and closely associated with MSI status. Although the prognoses of AMC and MA were no different from that of NMA, survival of patients with an MSI-MA tumour was significantly better than for those with MSS-MA tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-M Hong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J L Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - I J Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-B Lim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - C S Yu
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J C Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Park IJ, Kim DH, Seong WM, Han BS, Han GS, Jung HS, Yang M, Fan W, Lee S, Lee JK, Hong KS. Observation of anatase nanograins crystallizing from anodic amorphous TiO2 nanotubes. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01165e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water content in an anodic electrolyte affects the crystallization route of anodic TiO2 nanotube arrays during annealing, which determines the crystallographic orientation of the nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Jae Park
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Dong Hoe Kim
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Won Mo Seong
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Byung Suh Han
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Gill Sang Han
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Mengjin Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science
- University of Pittsburgh
- Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Wen Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of California at Berkeley
- , USA
| | - Sangwook Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Kun Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science
- University of Pittsburgh
- Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Kug Sun Hong
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-744, Korea
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Kim DH, Seong WM, Park IJ, Yoo ES, Shin SS, Kim JS, Jung HS, Lee S, Hong KS. Anatase TiO2 nanorod-decoration for highly efficient photoenergy conversion. Nanoscale 2013; 5:11725-11732. [PMID: 24114150 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr03439a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent studies of inorganic materials for energy applications, surface modification processes have been shown to be among the most effective methods to enhance the performance of devices. Here, we demonstrate a facile nano-decoration method which is generally applicable to anatase TiO2 nanostructures, as well as a nano-decorated hierarchical TiO2 nanostructure which improves the energy conversion efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Using a facile sol-gel method, 0-D, 1-D, and 2-D type anatase TiO2 nanostructures were decorated with 200 nm long anatase TiO2 nanorods to create various hierarchical nanostructures. A structural analysis reveals that the branched nanorod has a highly crystalline anatase phase with anisotropic growth in the [001] longitudinal direction. When one of the hierarchical structures, a chestnut bur-like nanostructure, was employed in a dye-sensitized solar cell as a scattering layer, offering increased dye-loading properties, preserving a sufficient level of light-scattering ability and preserving superior charge transport and recombination properties as well, the energy conversion efficiency of the cell improved by 19% (from 7.16% to 9.09%) compared to a cell with a 0-D TiO2 sphere as a scattering layer. This generally applicable anatase nanorod-decorating method offers potential applications in various energy-conversion applications, especially in DSSCs, quantum-dot solar cells, photoelectrochemical water-splitting devices, photocatalysis, and lithium ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoe Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea.
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Park IJ, Roh HS, Song HJ, Kim DH, Kim JS, Seong WM, Kim DW, Hong KS. γ-Al2O3 nanospheres-directed synthesis of monodispersed BaAl2O4:Eu2+ nanosphere phosphors. CrystEngComm 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce40190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kim DH, Min KM, Park KS, Park IJ, Cho IS, Seong WM, Kim DW, Hong KS. Controlled synthesis and Li-electroactivity of rutile TiO2 nanostructure with walnut-like morphology. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:4278-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32251j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Park JH, Noh JH, Han BS, Shin SS, Park IJ, Kim DH, Hong KS. Influence of niobium doping in hierarchically organized titania nanostructure on performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2012; 12:5091-5095. [PMID: 22905583 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.4920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Niobium doped hierarchically organized TiO2 nanostructures composed of 20 nm size anatase nanocrystals were synthesized using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The Nb doping concentration could be facilely controlled by adjusting the concentration of Nb in target materials. We could investigate the influence of Nb doping in the TiO2 photoelectrode on the cell performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) by the exclusion of morphological effects using the prepared Nb-doped TiO2 anostructures. We found no significant change in short circuit current density (Jsc) as a function of Nb doping concentration. However, open circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) monotonously decrease with increasing Nb concentration. Dark current characteristics of the DSSCs reveal that the decrease in Voc and FF is attributed to the decrease in shunt resistance due to the increase in conductivity TiO2 by Nb doping. However, electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) analysis at open circuit condition under illumination showed that the resistance at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface increases with Nb concentration, revealing that Nb doping suppress the charge recombination at the interface. In addition, electron life time obtained using characteristic frequency in Bode plot increases from 14 msec to 56 msec with increasing Nb concentration from 0 to 1.2 at%. This implies that the improved light harvesting can be achieved by increasing diffusion length through Nb-doping in the conventional TiO2 photoelectrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hoon Park
- WCU Hybrid Materials Program, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
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25
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Roh HS, Kyu Choi G, An JS, Moo Cho C, Hoe Kim D, Jae Park I, Hoon Noh T, Kim DW, Sun Hong K. Size-controlled synthesis of monodispersed mesoporous α-Alumina spheres by a template-free forced hydrolysis method. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:6901-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10418g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a recently recognised soft tissue neoplasm. It is rare and has a tendency to arise from deep soft tissue of the lower extremities. An origin from the colon has not been reported in the medical literature. We report the low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma originating from the colon in a 43-year-old male patient, treated by right hemicolectomy and nephrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Poongnap-Dong, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park IJ, Kim HC, Yu CS, Ryu MH, Chang HM, Kim JH, Ryu JS, Yeo JS, Kim JC. Efficacy of PET/CT in the accurate evaluation of primary colorectal carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006; 32:941-7. [PMID: 16843635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2006] [Accepted: 05/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study was performed to assess in the accurate evaluation of primary colorectal carcinoma using PET/CT. METHODS One hundred patients with primary colorectal carcinoma were evaluated during 2004. All patients underwent PET/CT when their preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen was >or=10 ng/mL or when CT showed equivocal findings. The appropriateness of PET/CT-induced changes was noted by subsequent operative findings and follow-up. RESULTS PET/CT more detected 15 intra-abdominal metastatic lesions than abdomino-pelvic CT scan. PET/CT showed true negative findings in 13 patients and false positive or negative findings in 10. Due to PET/CT results, management plans were altered in 27 patients; 9 had inter-modality changes, 10 received more extensive surgery, and 8 avoided unnecessary procedures. CONCLUSIONS PET/CT altered management plan in 24% of patients with primary colorectal carcinoma in correct direction. These findings suggest that PET/CT should be considered a part of standard work up for preoperative evaluation in a subset of patients with colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Park
- DongGuk University Hospital, Digestive Disease Center, Department of Surgery, Goyang, South Korea
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Park IJ, Kim SH, Joh YG, Hahn KY. Laparoscopic colorectal surgery using low-pressure pneumoperitoneum combined with abdominal wall lift by placement of anchoring sutures around the camera port. Surg Endosc 2006; 20:956-9. [PMID: 16738990 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-005-0459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2005] [Accepted: 01/05/2006] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of low-pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. METHODS The authors designed low-pressure (8 mmHg) laparoscopy combined with abdominal wall lift simply by placement of anchoring sutures around the camera port. RESULTS The operative indications were 176 colon cancers, 297 rectal cancers, and 45 benign diseases. The average blood loss was 92 ml (range, 20-1200 ml), and the mean operating time was 204 min (range, 23-525 min). Conversion to an open procedure was required in eight cases (1.5%). Two patients experienced intraoperative complications. The mean number of removed lymph nodes was 28.9 in the colon cancer cases and 23.1 in the rectal cancer cases. The mean length of resected specimen was 27.3 cm (range, 8.5-136 cm). Postoperatively, cardiopulmonary complications developed in five patients (0.9%). CONCLUSIONS Abdominal wall lifting by anchoring sutures around the camera port in addition to low-pressure pneumoperitoneum is a simple, safe, and effective method for laparoscopic colorectal procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Park
- Colorectal Division, Department of Surgery, DongGuk University Hospital, 814 Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, 410-773, Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the diagnosis of metachronous colorectal cancer have increased, due primarily to improvements in diagnostic modalities, the potential risk factors for these tumours are not well known. We compared the characteristics of patients with metachronous and sporadic primary colorectal cancer to determine risk factors for its occurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed the records of 5447 patients with colorectal cancer, who had been treated at Asan Medical Centre between July 1989 and January 2004. A metachronous cancer was defined as a secondary colorectal cancer occurring more than 6 months after the index cancer. RESULTS Metachronous colorectal cancer occurred in 39 (0.7%) patients. Their average age was 53 years, somewhat younger than the average age of sporadic colorectal cancer patients (58 years). In patients with metachronous cancer, the cancer was more likely to be located in the right colon (P < 0.03), and the incidence of synchronous polyps or cancer was significantly higher (P < 0.001). The relative distributions of histological grades and clinicopathological characteristics were similar in index and metachronous cancers. Metachronous cancers were diagnosed more frequently at an early stage. The time interval between index and metachronous cancer ranged from 6 to 215 months (mean 39 months), with 13 (33.3%) patients diagnosed with metachronous cancer after 5 years. CONCLUSION We found that in patients aged < 50 years, existence of synchronous polyps or cancer influence on the development of metachronous colorectal cancer. Regular follow-up is necessary for early detection, even after 5 years, for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Park
- Colorectal Clinic, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
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Lee NH, Kim SH, Youk GU, Park IJ, Kim YM. Development of a pMOSFET sensor with a Gd converter for low energy neutron dosimetry. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2004; 110:277-281. [PMID: 15353659 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nch159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A pMOSFET having a 10 microm thick Gadolinium (Gd) layer has been invented as a slow neutron sensor. When slow neutrons are incident to the Gd layer, conversion electrons, which generate electron-hole pairs in the SiO2 layer of the pMOSFET, are generated by a neutron capture process. The holes are easily trapped in the oxide and act as positive-charge centres in the oxide. Due to the induced charges, the threshold turn-on voltage of the pMOSFET is changed. The developed sensors were tested at a neutron beam port of the HANARO research reactor and a 60Co irradiation facility to investigate slow neutron response and gamma ray contamination, respectively. The resultant voltage change was proportional to the accumulated neutron dose and it was very sensitive to slow neutrons. Moreover, ionising radiation contamination was negligible. It can also be used in a mixed radiation field by subtracting the voltage change of a pMOSFET without Gd from that of the Gd-pMOSFET.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejon, South Korea.
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Yang JS, Kim EA, Lee MY, Park IJ, Kang SK. Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to N,N-dimethylformamide--the effects of co-exposure to toluene or dermal exposure. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2000; 73:463-70. [PMID: 11057415 DOI: 10.1007/s004200000168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to assess the exposure and intake dose of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and the correlation between them, according to the type of exposure for the workers in the DMF industry. METHODS We monitored 345 workers occupationally exposed to DMF, from 15 workshops in the synthetic fiber, fiber coating, synthetic leather and paint manufacturing industries. Ambient monitoring was carried out with personal samplers to monitor the external exposure. Biological monitoring was done to determine the internal dose by analyzing N-methylformamide (NMF) in end-shift urine. Work procedure and exposure type of each DMF workshop was carefully surveyed, to classify workers by exposure type according to work details. Workers were classified into three groups (Group A: continuous and direct exposure through inhalation and skin; Group B: intermittent and short-term exposure through inhalation and skin; Group C: continuous and indirect exposure mostly through inhalation). RESULTS Geometric mean of DMF concentration in air was 2.62 (GSD 5.30) ppm and that of NMF in urine was 14.50 (GSD 3.89) mg/l. In the case of continuous absorption through inhalation and dermal exposure (Group A), the value of NMF in urine corresponding to 10 ppm of DMF was 45.3 mg/l (r = 0.524, n = 178), 39.1 mg/g creatinine (r = 0.424), while it was 37.7 mg/l (r = 0.788, n = 37), 24.2 mg/g creatinine (r = 0.743) in the case of absorption mostly through inhalation (Group C). Creatinine correction reduced the correlation between two parameters. CONCLUSION The NMF in urine corresponding to 10 ppm DMF, of the dermal and inhalation exposure group was 39.1 mg/g creatinine (r = 0.424, n = 178), while that of the inhalation exposure-only group was 24.2 mg/g creatinine (r = 0.743, n = 37). Co-exposure with toluene reduced the NMF excretion in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Yang
- Industrial Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Inchon.
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Abstract
We describe clinicopathological features of an unusual case of CD30+/CD56+ T-cell lymphoma in a 58-year-old Korean man who presented with disseminated nodules, papules and hyperpigmented patches. Coexpression of CD30 and CD56 in T-cell lymphoma is very rare. Our patient did not respond to an intensive chemotherapy regimen, in contrast to the previously reported cases of primary cutaneous CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Coexpression of CD56 might therefore identify a subset of CD30+ lymphomas with more aggressive features.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Chang
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 388-1 Poongnap-Dong, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea
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Kim Y, Kim KS, Yang JS, Park IJ, Kim E, Jin Y, Kwon KR, Chang KH, Kim JW, Park SH, Lim HS, Cheong HK, Shin YC, Park J, Moon Y. Increase in signal intensities on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images in asymptomatic manganese-exposed workers. Neurotoxicology 1999; 20:901-7. [PMID: 10693971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify the clinical significance of increased signal intensities on T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) we performed a large-scale epidemiological study on asymptomatic manganese (Mn)-exposed workers with its focus on MRI. METHODS We randomly selected 121 male workers out of a total of 750 workers including Mn-exposed, non-exposed manual, and non-exposed clerical workers in the factories. We studied environmental and biological monitoring, neurological examination, and MRI. RESULTS The proportion of workers with increased signal intensities among the exposed, the non-exposed manual workers, and the non-exposed clerical workers was 46.1%, 18.8%, and 0%, respectively. Especially, 73.5% of the welders showed increased signal intensities. In no subject, were clinical signs of manganism observed. The pallidal index correlated with blood Mn concentration. CONCLUSION Increase in signal intensities on the T1-weighted image reflect recent exposure to Mn, but not necessarily manganism. At which increase of signal intensity, the progression of manganism from Mn exposure occurs, remains to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Dong-ku, South Korea.
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Chang SE, Park IJ, Moon KC, Koh JK. Two cases of linear focal elastosis (elastotic striae). J Dermatol 1998; 25:395-9. [PMID: 9675348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Linear focal elastosis (LFE) or elastotic striae was first described by Burket in 1989 in three elderly men. They presented with striae-like yellow palpable bands on their backs. Burket described many fine wavy bundles of elastic fibers separating the collagen in the middle to reticular dermis under microscopic examination. Until recently, there have been about 14 reported cases of LFE; elderly males are predominant. We encountered two Korean teen-aged males with linear, reddish, palpable bands and some atrophic bands across their backs. Histopathological examination revealed that elastosis was not as prominent as in previously reported cases. Our cases might represent early-evolving LFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
The Korean analytical quality assurance (KAQUA) program on biological monitoring was performed by the Industrial Health Research Institute in Korea in spring, 1995. The object of the KAQUA program is to improve the analysis capability for the biological monitoring of hazardous chemicals and to confirm the reliability of data from each laboratory. The items chosen for the first round were analyses of lead in blood (PbB) and of hippuric acid in urine (HAU). Eighty-eight laboratories in Korea participated in this program. Two levels of samples, randomly chosen among six levels for each item, were sent to the participants. The consensus value from participants and reference laboratories was determined by statistical analysis and used as a reference value. The tolerance range was +/-15% (+/-6 micrograms/dl for PbB below 40 micrograms/dl) of the reference value. The mean proficiency rate of analytical data increased dramatically in the first round compared with a pre-round that was provided as part of a training course for participants before performing the first round. The mean proficiency rate of PbB was 69% at pre-round and increased at 91% at the first round; for HAU the increase was from 58% to 88%. Not only the analytical results but also raw data were reviewed to find problems which might have arisen during the analytical process. Re-education courses provided after final evaluation of each participant by means of telephone discussion, correspondence course, and experimental practice, were helpful in achieving the purpose of the analytical quality assurance program.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Yang
- Industrial Health Research Institute, Korea Industrial Safety Corporation (KISCO), Inchon, Korea
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Abstract
The purpose of this survey was to obtain information on the overall blood lead concentrations of the Korean population due to environmental exposure. Five hundred and twenty-five Korean adults from four provinces who had no previous occupational exposure to lead were chosen by random sampling to represent the general (normal) population. Blood lead determinations were performed by atomic absorption spectrometry with a graphite furnace. Interlaboratory quality control for analysis of blood lead was carried out in seven laboratories in Korea and Europe. The geometric mean were 6.36 micrograms/dl for males and 5.09 micrograms/dl for females. There was no correlation between blood lead concentration and age. The mean concentration of blood lead in smokers was higher than that in nonsmokers (P < 0.0005). The mean blood lead concentration in male nonsmokers was higher than that in female nonsmokers (P < 0.0005). Differences in mean blood lead values according to residential area were observed, and this result showed good agreement with the results of ambient monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Yang
- Industrial Health Research Institute, KISCO, Inchon, Korea
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Yoon CM, Kim SB, Park IJ, Bom HS, Rhew JS, Choi SK, Park HO, Yang DH, Jo JK. Clinical features of Crohn's disease in Korea. Gastroenterol Jpn 1988; 23:576-81. [PMID: 3215441 DOI: 10.1007/bf02779492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a rare disease in Korea, and only 45 cases have been reported during the period of 34 years from 1952 to 1985. The male to female ratio was about 1.3 to 1 with a slight preponderance of males. The age at diagnosis ranged from 8 to 72 (mean 35.5) years, and the peak incidence occurred in the 3rd, 4th and 5th decades and declined thereafter. More than two thirds of the cases had a grossly demonstrable lesion involving the small bowel, including the terminal ileum. The proportion of patients with macroscopic disease continued to the large bowel alone was only 15%. Abdominal pain was common, presenting in 89% of the patients, while such symptoms as fever, hematochezia and diarrhea were not common. Abdominal mass was palpable in more than half the cases, which made it difficult to differentiate Crohn's disease from cancer of the colon, especially in cases with a predominant infiltration of the bowel wall and a secondary ulcer formation. That is one of the reasons why most cases in Korea have been reported by surgeons. A wide variety of complications were present, of which small bowel obstruction was the most common. Other complications were free perforation, malnutrition, fistula formation, hemorrhage and abscess formation, in decreasing order. The incidence of symptomatic perianal disease was only 11%, and this might be due to the small proportion of the disease confined to large bowel. Extraintestinal manifestations were also rare, and only three patients presented symptoms of arthritis. Other systemic features such as liver disease, skin lesion, eye complications were absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam University Medical School, Kwangju, Korea
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Park IJ, Heller RH, Kaiser RM, Jones HW. Spontaneous abortion after midtrimester amniocentesis. Obstet Gynecol 1979; 53:190-4. [PMID: 418974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Of 371 consecutive patients who underwent midtrimester diagnostic amniocentesis, 8 subsequently aborted spontaneously (2.2%), and 1 had a stillbirth at 24 weeks of gestation (0.17%). In 3 of the 9 patients who suffered fetal loss, infection appears to have played a significant role. Whereas midtrimester diagnostic amniocentesis is widely considered to be a safe and accurate procedure, the possibility of hazard to the patient and her fetus remains and should be considered during the preliminary counseling session.
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Abstract
Although the etiology of micropenis is diverse, individuals who have in common a penile length of 2 cm. or less at birth do not function well as men. For this reason, during the last 18 years, 10 individuals with this problem were selected for surgical sex reassignment. The technique of the surgical procedure is described. The immediate results are considered to be cosmetically satisfactory, and the long-term results, as judged by two individuals who have been observed for 18 plus years seem to indicate that surgical sex reassignment is a useful procedure in selected patients with this disorder.
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Meyer WJ, Keenan BS, de Lacerda L, Park IJ, Jones HE, Migeon CJ. Familial male pseudohermaphroditism with normal Leydig cell function at puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1978; 46:593-603. [PMID: 755043 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-46-4-593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Four male pseudohermaphrodites from two families have been described. Although reared as females, at puberty, the timing, pattern, and degree of masculinization was similar to that of a normal male. No feminization occurred. They had normal testicular testosterone synthesis as judged by plasma testosterone, LH and FSH concentrations, as well as incubations of testicular minces with labeled precursors. Studies on cultured skin fibroblasts indicated adequate peripheral 5 alpha-reductase and normal receptor affinity and capacity for dihydrotestosterone. The histology of the testis was suggestive of a primary testicular defect. A mosaic pattern was seen: some areas contained tubules with active spermiogenesis; other areas, only Sertoli cells. These male pseudohermaphrodites appear to have a defect in fetal testicular maturation in which inadequate fetal testosterone synthesis and defective differentiation of germinal elements occurred.
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Park IJ, Burnett LS, Jones HW, Migeon CJ, Blizzard RM. A case of male pseudohermaphroditism associated with elevated LH, normal FSH and low testosterone possibly due to the secretion of an abnormal LH molecule. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1976; 83:173-81. [PMID: 989221 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.0830173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A 27 year old female is described who had 46,XY chromosome complement, ambiguous external genitalia with elevated LH, slightly above normal FSH and low testosterone. Her plasma testosterone level increased 15-20 fold after HCG stimulation (5000 IU X 3). then returned to prestimulation level 3 months later. This was possibly due to the secretion of an abnormal LH molecule which is immunoreactive but biologically inactive in the human.
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Ju KS, Park IJ, Jones HW, Winn KJ. Prenatal sex determination by observation of the X-chromatin and the Y-chromatin of exfoliated amniotic fluid cells. Obstet Gynecol 1976; 47:287-90. [PMID: 1250558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Using direct smears of amniotic fluid cells fixed by the flame drying technic, the validity of sex determination by X-chromatin and Y-chromatin counts has been examined. In 112 cases, the sex determination by examination of the X-chromatin was correct in 109 (97%) and was correct by the Y-chromatin technic in 111 (99%). It is concluded that prenatal sex determination by examination of the X-chromatin or the Y-chromatin from fresh amniotic fluid cells is a valuable, rapid, practical method of prenatal sex determination.
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Abstract
Based on defects in the central nervous system, the gonads, the end organs and the chromosomes, an etiologic and pathogenetic classification of male hermaphroditism is presented. At least 16 categories of disorders can cause male hermaphroditism--all seem to be basically genetic in origin.
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Katayama KP, Park IJ, Heller RH, Barakat BY, Preston E, Jones HW. Errors of prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis. Obstet Gynecol 1974; 44:693-8. [PMID: 4278969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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47
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Park IJ, Heller RH, Jones HW, Woodruff JD. Apparent pseudopuberty in a phenotypic female with a gonadal tumor and an autosome-Y chromosome translocation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1974; 119:661-8. [PMID: 4834391 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(74)90129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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49
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Jones HW, Park IJ. Differential diagnosis in intersex conditions. Clin Plast Surg 1974; 1:223-8. [PMID: 4154154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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