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Kim YH, Her AY, Rha SW, Choi CU, Choi BG, Park S, Kang DO, Cho JR, Park JY, Park SH, Jeong MH. The impact of sex differences on 3-year outcomes of patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after successful stent implantation according to symptom-to-balloon time. Hellenic J Cardiol 2023:S1109-9666(23)00189-6. [PMID: 37866718 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because no data are available, we compared the 3-year outcomes of patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) based on sex and symptom-to-balloon time (SBT). METHODS This study included 4910 patients who were divided into two groups based on SBT: SBT <48 h (n = 3,293, 67.1%) and SBT ≥48 h (n = 1,617, 32.9%). The primary outcome was all-cause death during the 3-year follow-up period. The secondary outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction, or repeat coronary revascularization. RESULTS After adjustment, the in-hospital mortality rates for males and females in the SBT <48 h and SBT ≥48 h groups were similar. During a 3-year follow-up period, females in the SBT <48 h group had significantly higher rates of all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.482; P = 0.006), cardiac death (CD, aHR, 1.617; P = 0.009), and MACE (aHR, 1.268; P = 0.024) than those males in the same groups. Females and males in the SBT ≥48 h group did not differ significantly in the primary and secondary outcomes. In males, the rates of all-cause death (P = 0.008) and CD (P = 0.024) were significantly higher in the SBT ≥48 h group than in the SBT <48 h group. CONCLUSIONS This study has identified a higher 3-year mortality rate in female patients with NSTEMI and SBT <48 h compared to their male counterparts. As such, a more preventive approach may be required to reduce mortality in these female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hoon Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, 24289, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ae-Young Her
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, 24289, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woon Rha
- Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, 08308, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol Ung Choi
- Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, 08308, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Geol Choi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, 02841, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyung Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, 08308, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Oh Kang
- Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, 08308, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Rae Cho
- Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 07441, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, 01830, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Park
- Cardiology Department, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, 31151, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 61469, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Joo HJ, Yum Y, Kim YH, Son JW, Kim SH, Choi S, Han S, Shin MS, Jeong JO, Kim EJ. Gender Difference of Blood Pressure Control Rate and Clinical Prognosis in Patients With Resistant Hypertension: Real-World Observation Study. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e124. [PMID: 37096308 PMCID: PMC10125792 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several differences in the clinical course of hypertension due to the biological and social differences between men and women. Resistant hypertension is an advanced disease state, and significant gender difference could be expected, but much has not been revealed yet. The purpose of this study was to compare gender differences on the current status of blood pressure (BP) control and clinical prognosis in patients with resistant hypertension. METHODS This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study using common data model databases of 3 tertiary hospitals in Korea. Total 4,926 patients with resistant hypertension were selected from January 2017 to December 2018. Occurrence of dialysis, heart failure (HF) hospitalization, myocardial infarction, stroke, dementia or all-cause mortality was followed up for 3 years. RESULTS Male patients with resistant hypertension were younger but had a higher cardiovascular risk than female patients. Prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy and proteinuria was higher in men than in women. On-treatment diastolic BP was lower in women than in men and target BP achievement rate was higher in women than in men. During 3 years, the incidence of dialysis and myocardial infarction was higher in men, and the incidence of stroke and dementia was higher in women. After adjustment, male sex was an independent risk factor for HF hospitalization, myocardial infarction, and all-cause death. CONCLUSION In resistant hypertension, men were younger than women, but end-organ damage was more common and the risk of cardiovascular event was higher. More intensive cardiovascular prevention strategies may be required in male patients with resistant hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Joon Joo
- Department of Medical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunjin Yum
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Son
- Department of Cardiology, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sung Hea Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonghoon Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongwoo Han
- Division of Cardiology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Mi-Seung Shin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jin-Ok Jeong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eung Ju Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Mondragón-Ceballos R, Barrios-De Tomasi J, Hernández-López LE. [Oxytocin and vasopressin: sexual differences and clinical implications]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:196-203. [PMID: 37200960 PMCID: PMC10395999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin and vasopressin share a similar chemical structure but have different functions. Both hormones are produced in different brain areas, are transported through the hypophyseal portal system, pass to the anterior hypophysis, and released to reach their target organs. These hormones also act as neuromodulators, where its receptors are found in the lateral septum, the middle amygdala, the hippocampus, the hypothalamus, and the brain stem. These brain structures regulate socio-sexual behaviors in vertebrates. Moreover, the oxytocinergic and the vasopressin systems are sexually different. The sexual steroids promote oxytocin release and the oxytocin receptor synthesis, as well as promoting or inhibiting vasopressin release and its receptor genetic transcription. Both neuropeptides are involved in social recognition, male-female pair bonding, aggression, and cognition. Furthermore, the disruption or malfunctioning of the oxytocin and vasopressin systems adds to the causes of some psychiatric disorders like depression, schizophrenia, autism, and borderline personality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Mondragón-Ceballos
- Secretaría de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, ''Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz'', Dirección de Neurociencias, Departamento de Etología. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jorgelina Barrios-De Tomasi
- Universidad Autónoma de Quintana Roo, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Leonor Estela Hernández-López
- Secretaría de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, ''Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz'', Dirección de Neurociencias, Departamento de Etología. Ciudad de México, México
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Cismaru-Inescu A, Hahaut B, Adam S, Nobels A, Beaulieu M, Vandeviver C, Keygnaert I, Nisen L. Sexual Activity and Physical Tenderness in Older Adults: Prevalence and Associated Characteristics From a Belgian Study. J Sex Med 2022; 19:569-580. [PMID: 35236640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.01.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the World Health Organization calling for sexuality to be recognized as an aspect of well-being, no studies have explored sexual activity and physical tenderness in older adults aged ≥ 75 years in Belgium or those aged ≥ 85 years worldwide. AIM To assess the prevalence and predictors of sexual activity and physical tenderness in a sample of older adults. METHODS Using data from a Belgian cross-sectional study on sexual violence (UN-MENAMAIS), information on sexual activity, physical tenderness, and associated characteristics was collected during structured face-to-face interviews with older adults living in the community, assisted living facilities, or nursing homes. Cluster random probability sampling with a random route-finding approach was used to select the participants. OUTCOMES Current sexual activity and physical tenderness in the previous 12 months, sociodemographic characteristics, chronological age, subjective age, number of sexual partners, sexual satisfaction, attitudes toward sexuality in later life, quality of life, and lifetime sexual victimisation. RESULTS Among the 511 participants included, 50.3% were in a relationship, mainly living with their partner; 31.3% indicated they were sexually active; and 47.3% of sexually inactive participants reported having experienced forms of physical tenderness in the previous 12 months. Sexual activity was associated with the presence of a partner, satisfaction with sexual life, permissive attitudes regarding sexuality in later life, a younger age, and a lack of disability. Physical tenderness was associated with the presence of a partner, community residency, and permissive attitudes regarding sexuality in later life. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Raising awareness among the general population, healthcare professionals, and older adults about sexuality in later life could contribute to ending this taboo and should therefore be a priority for society. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS Our study fills a gap in the literature regarding sexual activity and physical tenderness in older adults aged ≥ 70 years, including respondents aged up to 99 years. Additionally, we explored different forms of sexual expression beyond intercourse, and face-to-face interviews contributed to the quality of the collected data. The main limitation of this study was the sample size, although the findings were similar to recent statistical indicators in Belgium. CONCLUSION One in 3 older adults aged ≥ 70 years living in Belgium are sexually active. These findings provide an opportunity to inform the general public and older adults about later life sexuality and to educate healthcare professionals about aging sexuality to increase discussions and avoid assumptions of asexuality in later life. Cismaru-Inescu A, Hahaut B, Adam S et al. Sexual Activity and Physical Tenderness in Older Adults: Prevalence and Associated Characteristics From a Belgian Study. J Sex Med 2022;19:569-580.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina Cismaru-Inescu
- CARE-ESPRIst, Studies and Evaluations, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Psychology of Aging Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Bastien Hahaut
- CARE-ESPRIst, Studies and Evaluations, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Adam
- Psychology of Aging Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne Nobels
- International Centre for Reproductive Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie Beaulieu
- School of Social Work and Research Centre on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Christophe Vandeviver
- Department of Criminology, Criminal Law and Social Law, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Belgium
| | - Ines Keygnaert
- International Centre for Reproductive Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurent Nisen
- CARE-ESPRIst, Studies and Evaluations, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Chevan J, Chevan A. Mind the Gap: An Analysis of Physical Therapist Earnings in the United States by Male/Female Sex. Phys Ther 2022; 102:6497840. [PMID: 35079835 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Earnings discrepancies between male and female health and medical professionals are well documented. The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution of physical therapist earnings using a quartile regression approach to determine the nature of the gender-based differences in earnings between male and female physical therapists in the United States, with "gender" as defined by the dataset as being male or female. METHODS This observational study used data from the 2014 to 2018 American Community Survey 5-year public use microdata file. The file contained 12,123 physical therapist cases weighted to an estimate of the physical therapist active workforce of 238,221 (95% CI = 232,587 to 243,855). To analyze the influence of gender on earnings, a multivariable quantile regression approach was used in which physical therapist earnings were the dependent variable and the variables representing the geographic distribution, social characteristics, and employment characteristics were the independent variables. RESULTS In 2018 dollars, the average annual earnings of a physical therapist were $73,444.98 (95% CI = $72,498.19 to $74,391.11), with a median value of $71,735.09. Differences in male and female earnings were evident in both the unadjusted bivariable and in the adjusted values produced by the quartile regression. The ratios of female-to-male earnings at each quartile were 0.89, 0.90, and 0.89. When age of the earner is accounted for, male physical therapists earned more than female therapists in both the 30-to-54-year age group and the ≥55-year age group. In the youngest age group of earners under 30 years of age, the differences were substantially smaller. CONCLUSIONS Gender differences in income persist across the distribution of earnings, resulting in female physical therapists earning approximately 10% less than their male counterparts. The differences are most distinct as physical therapists advance in their careers. IMPACT The etiology of the earnings gap is unknown, but gender equity has not been achieved yet for physical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Chevan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Albert Chevan
- Department of Sociology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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Funck-Brentano C, Salem JE. Influence of baseline QTc on sotalol-induced prolongation of ventricular repolarization in men and women. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 88:3510-3515. [PMID: 34921433 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The extent of sotalol-induced QTc prolongation on the electrocardiogram, is variable among subjects and influenced by sex. However, the influence of baseline QTc on the extent of drug-induced QTc prolongation remains unclear. This was studied around peak plasma concentration in a large cohort of 376 healthy male and 614 healthy female subjects who received 80 mg of sotalol orally. Baseline QTc was 379±16ms in men and 393±15ms in women (p<0.0001). The change in QTc from baseline was highly variable among both sexes and was greater in women than in men (26.5±13.2 vs.13.0±10.8ms; <0.0001). The slope of the regression line between QTc on sotalol and baseline QTc did not significantly differ from unity in men and in women indicating that the extent of QTc prolongation with sotalol was not influenced by baseline QTc. Assessing QTc after administration of an IKr blocker may be more important than measuring a baseline QTc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Funck-Brentano
- Sorbonne Université, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Clinical Investigation Center (CIC-1901), Department of Pharmacology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- Sorbonne Université, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Clinical Investigation Center (CIC-1901), Department of Pharmacology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardio-Oncology Program, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,AP-HP Sorbonne Université, UNICO-GRECO, Cardio-Oncology Program, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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7
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Sim YC, Mohd-Rosli IS, Lau BT, Ng SY. Patient satisfaction with medication therapy adherence clinic services in a district hospital: a cross-sectional study. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2021; 19:2353. [PMID: 34221203 PMCID: PMC8221750 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2021.2.2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patient satisfaction is one of the essential indicators for assessing the
quality of healthcare services being delivered, including pharmacy
ambulatory care service, as it determines the practicability and
sustainability of the service provided. As such, pharmaceutical care
services provided during medication therapy adherence clinic (MTAC) sessions
need to be assessed to maximise its effectiveness and benefits to the
patients. Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between patient satisfaction and
socio-demographic characteristics, as well as the predictors for patient
satisfaction. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the medical outpatient
department in Hospital Port Dickson from January until October 2019.
Convenience sampling method was used to recruit potential study
participants. Patient satisfaction was measured using Validated Patient
Satisfaction with Pharmacist Services Questionnaire (PSPSQ2.0), consisted of
quality of care and interpersonal relationship between pharmacist and
patient domains. Descriptive data were presented as mean and standard
deviation or numbers and percentages, while Independent Sample t-test, ANOVA
and post-hoc analysis, and multiple linear regression were used for
inferential data analysis. Results: There were 37 (25%) diabetes MTAC, 36 (24.3%) respiratory MTAC,
and 75 (50.7%) warfarin MTAC patients recruited. On average, the mean
overall satisfaction score was 3.30(SD=0.43). The mean satisfaction score in
the interpersonal relationship domain [3.35(SD=0.44)] was higher than the
quality of care domain [3.26(SD=0.45)]. There was a significant association
between gender, education level, and patient satisfaction towards
pharmaceutical care service (p<0.05). Gender and education level
statistically predicted respondents’ satisfaction with MTAC services
(p<0.001). Conclusions: The overall patient satisfaction towards MTAC services in this setting was
high. Gender and education level were significant predictors for patient
satisfaction. These findings could potentially contribute to the planning of
MTAC services in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi C Sim
- BPharm (Hons). Pharmacist. Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Port Dickson, Ministry of Health Malaysia. Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia).
| | - Intan S Mohd-Rosli
- BPharm. Pharmacist. Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Port Dickson, Ministry of Health Malaysia. Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia).
| | - Boon T Lau
- MSc (Clin Pharm). Pharmacist. Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Port Dickson, Ministry of Health Malaysia. Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia).
| | - Siew Y Ng
- MSc Comm Health Sci. Pharmacist. Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar Seremban, Ministry of Health Malaysia. Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia).
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Seixas BV, Freitas GR. Polypharmacy among older Brazilians: prevalence, factors associated, and sociodemographic disparities (ELSI-Brazil). Pharm Pract (Granada) 2021; 19:2168. [PMID: 33520038 PMCID: PMC7844972 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2021.1.2168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Polypharmacy has become an increasingly public health issue as population age
and novel drugs are developed. Yet, evidence on low- and middle-income
countries (LMIC) is still scarce. Objective: This work aims to estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy among Brazilians
aged 50 and over, and investigate associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the baseline assessment
of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), a nationally
representative study of persons aged 50 years and older (n=9,412).
Univariate and bivariate analyses described the sample. Robust Poisson
regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios and predict probabilities
of polypharmacy. Results: Prevalence of polypharmacy was estimated at 13.5% among older adults
in Brazil. Important disparities were observed in regard to gender
(16.1% among women and 10.5% among men), race (16.0%
among whites and 10.1% among blacks) and geographic region (ranging
from 5.1% in the North to 18.7% in the South). The
multivariate analysis showed that polypharmacy is associated with various
sociodemographic/individual factors (age, gender, race, education, region,
health status, body mass index) as well as with several variables of
healthcare access/utilization (number of visits, same physician,
provider’s knowledge of patient’s medications, gate-keeper,
and difficulty managing own medication). Overall, the more utilization of
health services, the higher the probability of polypharmacy, after adjusting
for all other model covariates. Conclusions: Polypharmacy prevalence is relatively low in Brazil, compared to European
countries. After controlling for variables of healthcare need and
demographic characteristics, there is still substantial residual variance in
polypharmacy prevalence. Policies to identify inappropriate prescribing and
reduce regional discrepancies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brayan V Seixas
- BPharm, MSc. Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Los Angeles, CA (United States).
| | - Gabriel R Freitas
- BPharm, MSc, PhD. Graduate Program of Public Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba. João Pessoa (Brazil).
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Maître C. [Risk of intensive practice in sportswomen]. Rev Prat 2020; 70:881-885. [PMID: 33739694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Risk of intensive practice in sportswomen. Intensive sports practice in women exposes to specific risks, depending on the sport, such as the athlete triad, the increased risk of stress fracture, and lastly the perineal dysfunction. Risk factor screening including the relativ energy deficiency in sport, the sub clinical menstrual disturbances and a special vigilance ahead of perineal constrained sports help preserve the sportswoman's health. The search for performance and the intensive practice do not exclude that the sportswoman can integrate the pregnancy project into her life, with several adaptations in intensity, duration and frequency of sessions to promote maternity without maternal or fetal risk, and a calm recovery in the post-partum period. Sharing the information with the sportswoman and her environment is essential to reassure and to implement a comprehensive prevention strategy with her.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Maître
- Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Paris, France
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Pelletier L, Guéry JC. [Asthma and allergy: what about the differences between men and women?]. Rev Prat 2020; 70:195-199. [PMID: 32877140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Asthma and allergy: what about the differences between men and women? Allergic asthma is a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by bronchial hyper responsiveness, hyper production of mucus and remodeling of the airways. Asthma, which often begins before the age of 5, is the most common chronic disease in children and affects approximately 10% of the population in affluent societies. As it is the case for many allergic diseases, asthma affects men and women differently. In childhood, pathology is more common in boys, but this trend reverses at puberty, suggesting a regulation by sex hormones. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on how sex hormones impact allergic inflammation and particularly describe the protective actions of androgens on the development and function of key immune cell subsets involved in allergic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucette Pelletier
- Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Charles Guéry
- Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Abstract
A comprehensive literature review was conducted on the concept of job satisfaction in the pharmacist workforce field and the facets it comprises, as well as its measurement, aiming to (i) review the nature, mechanisms, and importance of job satisfaction in the context of the pharmacist workforce, (ii) survey some of the most salient facets that configure job satisfaction, and (iii) discuss validity and measurement issues pertaining to it. Although female pharmacists generally hold less appealing jobs, earn lower wages and salaries, and are promoted less frequently than their male counterparts, they report higher levels of job satisfaction. Age has a U-shape effect on job satisfaction, with middle-age pharmacists less satisfied than both younger and older practitioners. Workload, stress, advancement opportunities, job security, autonomy, fairness in the workplace, supervisors, coworkers, flexibility, and job atmosphere are facets contributing to pharmacists’ job satisfaction. Finally, discrepancy exists among researchers in measuring job satisfaction as a single global indicator or as a composite measure derived from indices of satisfaction with key aspects of a job. Understanding the mechanisms that affect pharmacists’ job satisfaction is important to employers in their pursuit to respond to practitioners’ needs, decrease turnover, and increase productivity. As pharmacists’ response to work-related conditions and experiences depends on gender and age, a unique set of rewards and incentives may not be universally effective. Additional research into the dynamics of the forces shaping pharmacists’ perceptions, opinions, and attitudes is needed in order to design and implement policies that allocate human resources more efficiently within the various pharmacy settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J Carvajal
- Department of Sociobehavioral and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University. Fort Lauderdale, FL (United States)
| | - Ioana Popovici
- Department of Sociobehavioral and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University. Fort Lauderdale, FL (United States).
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Novak K, Vrdoljak D, Jelaska I, Borovac JA. Sex-specific differences in risk factors for in-hospital mortality and complications in patients with acute coronary syndromes : An observational cohort study. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2017; 129:233-242. [PMID: 27783152 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-016-1105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this observational cohort study was to examine gender-specific differences in the incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), in-hospital complications and mortality. METHODS A cohort of 1550 patients with the primary diagnosis of ACS were enrolled in the study over a period of 4 years. The in-hospital mortality and complications were analyzed as the main outcome measures. RESULTS Women were significantly older compared to men (71 ± 11 years vs. 64 ± 12 years, p < 0.001) and had higher in-hospital mortality and complications due to this age difference. The prevalence of smoking was lower while hypertension and history of angina pectoris was more frequent in women, independent of age. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with or without stenting as well as coronary catheterization significantly reduced in-hospital mortality and complications while thrombolytic therapy was associated with a 3.3 times increased mortality odds ratio (OR, p = 0.01). Other significant predictors of in-hospital mortality were in-hospital complications (OR 25, p < 0.001) and ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI, OR 4.5, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Women differed from men in terms of ACS clinical characteristics, treatment, invasive procedures and survival outcome and some of these effects were age-related. The future emphasis should be based on the prevention of modifiable risk factors and identification of subgroups of female patients that could benefit from more aggressive therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Novak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Split Clinical Hospital Center, Spinčićeva 1, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Davorka Vrdoljak
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine (USSM), Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Igor Jelaska
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Josip Anđelo Borovac
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine (USSM), Soltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia.
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Assari S, Moghani Lankarani M. Race and Gender Differences in Correlates of Death Anxiety Among Elderly in the United States. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2016; 10:e2024. [PMID: 27803717 PMCID: PMC5088440 DOI: 10.17795/ijpbs-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Death anxiety among elderly is a major public health concern. Few studies, however, have been conducted on factors associated with death anxiety. OBJECTIVES This study investigated race and gender differences in psychosocial correlates of death anxiety among elderly in the US. MATERIALS AND METHODS With a cross-sectional design, we used data of the Religion, Aging, and Health survey. 1,074 White and Black elderly (age > 65 years, 615 women, 359 men) were entered to this study. Demographic (age, gender, and race), socio-economic (family income, perceived financial difficulty), health (number of chronic medical conditions and self-rated health), and psychological (perceived control over life) factors were measured. Death anxiety was measured using four items. We used linear regressions to determine factors associated with death anxiety based on race and gender. RESULTS Although race and gender did not have main effects on death anxiety (P > 0.05), they altered correlates of death anxiety. Age was a predictor of death anxiety among women (B = 0.165, P = 0.002) but not men (B = 0.082, P = 0.196). Self-rated health was associated with death anxiety among Whites (B = - 0.120, P = 0.050) but not Blacks (B = - 0.077, P = 0.268). Total family income was only associated with death anxiety among White men. CONCLUSIONS Demographic, socio-economic, health, and psychological determinants of death anxiety in United States differ based on race, gender, and their intersection. Findings advocate that geriatric psychiatrists and gerontologists who wish to reduce death anxiety among elderly people may need to tailor their interventions to race and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture, and Health (CRECH), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
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Carvajal MJ, Clauson KA, Gershman J, Polen HH. Associations of gender and age groups on the knowledge and use of drug information resources by American pharmacists. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2013; 11:71-80. [PMID: 24155853 PMCID: PMC3798172 DOI: 10.4321/s1886-36552013000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore knowledge and use of drug information resources by pharmacists and
identify patterns influenced by gender and age-group classification. Methods A survey questionnaire was mailed nationwide to 1,000 practitioners working
in community (n = 500) and hospital (n = 500) settings who answer drug
information questions as part of their expected job responsibilities.
Responses pertaining to drug information resource use and knowledge of
different types of drug-related queries, resource media preferences, and
perceived adequacy of resources maintained in the pharmacy were analyzed by
gender and age group. The t statistic was used to test for significant
differences of means and percentages between genders and between age groups.
Descriptive statistics were used to characterize other findings. Results Gender and age group classification influenced patterns of knowledge and use
of drug information resources by pharmacists. They also affected
pharmacists’ perceptions of the most common types of questions prompting
them to consult a drug information reference, as well as the resources
consulted. Micromedex, exclusively available in electronic format, was the
most commonly consulted resource overall by pharmacists. Lexi-Comp Online
was the leading choice by women, preferred over Micromedex, but was not one
of the top two resources selected by men. Conclusions This study successfully identified the influence of gender and age-group
classification in assessing drug information resource knowledge and use of
general and specific types of drug-related queries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J Carvajal
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University. Fort Lauderdale, FL ( United States )
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Abstract
To investigate the gender difference of early symptoms appearing before the onset of the psychotic symptoms in patients with first-episode schizophrenia, we reviewed the medical records of 63 patients (38 males, 25 females), who were hospitalized for first-episode schizophrenia. The frequency and duration of prodromal and psychotic symptoms, Clinical Global Impression scale scores, Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale scores at admission, and other clinical characteristics were recorded for all patients. Overall, the most common prodromal symptoms were attenuated positive symptoms (89%), followed by mood symptoms (86%). Negative symptoms were the most common in male patients (97.4%), whereas attenuated positive symptoms were the most common in female patients (84%). Male patients demonstrated more frequent negative, cognitive, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms than female patients did and also showed a tendency of having negative symptoms for the longer period. Correlational analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the duration of negative symptoms and GAF scores at admission in male patients. Our findings suggest that different patterns of prodromal symptoms between male and female begin before the onset of the psychosis. Further prospective studies should be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myong-Wuk Chon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience Center, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience Center, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Hun Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience Center, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience Center, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Koschin F. [What about the height of the force of mortality at the end of human life?]. Demografie 2002; 41:105-19. [PMID: 12349185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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17
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Juran S. The 90's: gender differences in AIDS-related sexual concerns and behaviors, condom use and subjective condom experiences. J Psychol Human Sex 2002; 7:39-60. [PMID: 12320382 DOI: 10.1300/j056v07n03_04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Malekafzali H, Beigi EJ. A survey on breast feeding in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2002; 3:13-20. [PMID: 12283636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
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19
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Connell J. Status or subjugation? women, migration and development in the South Pacific. Int Migr Rev 2002; 18:964-83. [PMID: 12340341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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20
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Tabutin D, Willems M. Excess female child mortality in the developing world during the 1970s and 1980s. Popul Bull UN 2002:45-78. [PMID: 12347202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
"How did...excess female child mortality evolve from the 1970s to the 1980s, during a period when mortality declined significantly? Is there a relationship between the intensity of the phenomenon and levels of mortality or certain social development indicators? These are some of the questions which the article discusses on the basis of reliable and comparable data taken from approximately 60 [developing] countries."
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21
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Ales M. [Population development in the Czech Republic in 1995 (from the annual report of the Czech Statistical Office)]. Demografie 2002; 38:233-47. [PMID: 12347809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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22
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Sullivan TA. The occupational prestige of women immigrants: a comparison of Cubans and Mexicans. Int Migr Rev 2002; 18:1045-62. [PMID: 12340228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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23
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Munscher A. The workday routines of Turkish women in Federal Republic of Germany: results of a pilot study. Int Migr Rev 2002; 18:1230-46. [PMID: 12340236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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24
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Krotki KJ. Reported masculinity ratio in Pakistan: a triumph of anthropology and economics over biology. Pak Dev Rev 2002; 24:267-303. [PMID: 12340754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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25
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Gonzalez Quinones F, Perez-fuentes Hernandez P, Valverde Lamsfus L. [Households and families in poor neighborhoods of Havana in the nineteenth century. An approximation according to the 1861 census]. Bol Asoc Demogr Hist 2002; 16:87-133. [PMID: 12322112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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26
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Sanchez Aguilera D. [Territorial differences in mortality in Andalusia at the end of the nineteenth century]. Bol Asoc Demogr Hist 2002; 14:151-71. [PMID: 12321153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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27
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Trempe N. [Variations in mortality by poverty level in urban Outaouais and all of urban Quebec]. Cah Que Demogr 2002; 25:211-40. [PMID: 12321279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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28
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Fathalla M. The missing millions. People Planet 2002; 7:10-1. [PMID: 12321758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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29
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Ahmed G, Das AM, Shastri GN, Shahidullah M, Brunborg H, Ahmed Z. Sex differentials in morbidity and mortality in rural Botswana and Bangladesh, 1986-87. Rural Demogr 2002; 15:59-72. [PMID: 12343245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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30
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Belacek J. [An analysis of mortality in the Czech Republic, 1982-1987 (log-linear models)]. Demografie 2002; 33:121-33. [PMID: 12343372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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31
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Fargues P. Subsistence crop deficit and family structure in Sub-Saharan Africa. Popul 2002; 2:53-68. [PMID: 12157910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The author seeks to provide demographic explanations for the current food crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa. "In the present paper, we will consider the possibility that one of these [explanations] may lie in the way African families are structured, particularly in countries that are still in the first stage of the demographic transition. More specifically, we will examine the following two assumptions: the effects which the rural-urban migration...has on food production may be amplified by the way family labour is divided between the sexes and the different age groups; [and] lower mortality increases the size of the kin group, while rural-urban migration decreases the proportion of family members engaged in agricultural production, thus perturbing the distribution and consumption of subsistence foods."
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Watahiki N, Nishida S. [Sex differential in life expectancy at birth in Japan: (2) trends in sex differential in life expectancy at birth from 1920 to 1990]. Minzoku Eisei 2002; 62:139-53. [PMID: 12158346 DOI: 10.3861/jshhe.62.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sex differentials in life expectancy at birth in Japan are analyzed for the period 1920 to 1990. The results show that there was a general increase in differences in mortality by sex over time. "The sex differential in age-specific death rate in 0-4 year age group (particularly age 0) explained most of the sex differential in life expectancy at birth before 1947. After 1950, the age group of 60-79 played a major role in the sex differential in life expectancy at birth. It is noteworthy that female mortality exceeded male mortality in age groups of 2-41 before 1930. Consequently, excess of female mortality reduced the sex differential in life expectancy at birth at that period. As for the sex differential in mortality rates by causes of death, tuberculosis, pregnancy and childbirth related disease exerted a great influence...before 1940. Recently, malignant neoplasms, heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and accidents [have] become leading contributors to the sex differentials in life expectancy at birth." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
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33
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USSR. Tsentral'noe Statisticheskoe Upravlenie. [The population of the USSR]. Vestn Statistiki 1987;:44-53. [PMID: 12178707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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34
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Volkov M. [Demography and criminality]. Vestn Statistiki 2002:79-80. [PMID: 12178734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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35
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Ramirez N. [New findings on labor force and migrations: preliminary data analysis of the ENDESA-91 extended household questionnaire]. Poblac Desarro 2002:93-112. [PMID: 12178314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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36
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Jimenez R. [Mortality. The behavior of mortality through 1987]. Demos 2002:5-6. [PMID: 12158030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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37
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Reider I, Pick S. [Abortion: who should make the decision]. Demos 2002:35-6. [PMID: 12158075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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38
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[From the archives of the State Committee on Statistics: results of the 1937 all-Union population census. USSR. Gosudarstvennyi Komitet SSSR po Statistike]. Vestn Statistiki 1990;:65-79. [PMID: 12178720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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39
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Li S, Feldman MW. Sex differential of infant mortality in China: level and trend. Chin J Popul Sci 2002; 8:249-67. [PMID: 12320617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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40
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Zgierska A. Forecast of labour force in Poland to the year 2020: methodology and results. Pol Popul Rev 2002:75-95. [PMID: 12320914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
"In 1995 the Labour Statistics Division of the Central Statistical Office (CSO) started methodological work on the preparation of a forecast of the labour force in Poland to the year 2020.... Variant ¿intermediate' assumes a slow reconstruction of the economic activity of population from the level of the period 1978-88 (census 1978 and census 1988). The main part of this ¿reconstruction' will take place in the years 1995-2010. The greatest anticipated changes concern youths (18-24 years), persons of immobility age (males 45-64 years and females 45-59 years) and the first groups of the retirement age. Variant ¿maximum' assumes that the anticipated ¿reconstruction' labour force participation rate will be faster (compared with variant ¿intermediate')."
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41
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Doblhammer-reiter G. [Social inequalities in death: on the extent of socioeconomic differences in mortality in Austria]. Demogr Inf 2002:71-81, 162-3. [PMID: 12321140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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42
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Ventisette M. [Infant mortality in Italy: 1863-1992]. Boll Demogr Stor 2002:133-62. [PMID: 12321158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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43
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Buettner T. Sex differentials in old-age mortality. Popul Bull UN 2002:18-44. [PMID: 12347201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
"This article examines levels and trends of sex differentials in life expectancy at older ages for 29 developed countries. Significant sex differentials in life expectancy among the elderly have been found--but no common trend among countries.... The article concludes that it is necessary to draw more attention to old-age mortality, and to sex differentials in particular, since the size and relative weight of the elderly segment of the population continues to grow. Also, it seems to be necessary to include specific goals for old-age mortality in national health strategies aimed at reducing overall mortality and narrowing inequalities between social groups."
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44
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Brown LA, Mandel JL, Lawson VA. The uprooting of people, migration, and labor force experiences: Ecuador 1982 and 1990. J Entwickl Polit 2002; 11:331-48. [PMID: 12347371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
"Moving beyond traditional theories of migration, this paper considers how actual economic, socio-political, and natural events impacted uprooting of people in Ecuador since the 1950s. Major eras of economic growth and economic devolution are represented by Census data for 1982 and 1990. Through these, individual labor force experiences of migrants and stayers, and gender differentials within each group, are considered. Uprooting of people persists forty to fifty years after events initiating its occurrence, and differentially impacts each population group. Gender differentials are noticeably significant among occupational sectors of employment, less so for economic sectors. Predominance and continual growth of informal activities also is apparent, a trend which impacts women more strongly." (SUMMARY IN GER)
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45
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Rosenwaike I. Mortality patterns among elderly American Jews. J Aging Jud 2002; 4:289-303. [PMID: 12342785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
"Mortality studies of ethnic and religious subgroups within a nation are of interest as they provide indicators of health differentials that may result from differences in life style and risk-factor exposures. The mortality experience of North American Jews has been documented over many years and is of particular interest because of the unusual pattern that has been observed, a crossover from relatively low rates at younger ages to relatively high rates at older ages. This study examines mortality in 1979-81 among more than 100,000 Medicare enrollees who held 22 surnames common among American Jews. The findings substantiate those of a recent mortality study of a Canadian Jewish population which indicated more rapid improvement in life expectancy among elderly Jewish than non-Jewish males, and a lessening of the relative disadvantage of elderly Jewish women."
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Oberg S. Spatial mapping of sex ratios. Popnet 2002:5-10. [PMID: 12343026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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47
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Balaci M, Copil IM, Ghenciu G, Arcan VM, Dinu L. Statistico-demographic studies on the [aged] population in Romania. I. Trends, specific features, territorial distribution. Rom J Gerontol Geriatr 2002; 11:45-64. [PMID: 12343146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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48
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Zatonski W. Cancer in Poland: general characteristics. Pol Popul Rev 2002:85-94. [PMID: 12345063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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49
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Gottschalk H. [The estimated population of West Berlin at the end of 1982 by age and marital status: with consideration given to basic data on foreigners by age and nationality]. Berl Stat Mon Schr 2002; 37:256-64. [PMID: 12339384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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50
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Jackson P. Women in 19th Century Irish immigration. Int Migr Rev 2002; 18:1004-20. [PMID: 12340226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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