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Titze N, Chi YP, Haese E, Hartung J, Rodehutscord M. Linkage of in situ ruminal degradation of crude protein with ruminal degradation of amino acids and phytate from different soybean meals in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:2011-2025. [PMID: 37944804 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the range in ruminal degradability of crude protein (CP) and intestinal digestibility of rumen undegradable protein in commercial soybean meal (SBM) and to investigate the range in in situ ruminal AA and phytate (InsP6) degradation and their relationship to CP degradation. An in situ study was conducted using 3 lactating Jersey cows with permanent rumen cannulas. Seventeen SBM variants from Europe, Brazil, Argentina, North America, and India were tested for ruminal CP and AA degradation, and in vitro intestinal digestibility of rumen undegradable protein. Nine variants were used to investigate the ruminal degradation of InsP6. The estimated rapidly degradable fraction (a) of CP showed an average value of 4.5% (range: 0.0%-9.0%), the slowly degradable fraction (b) averaged 95% (91%-100%), and the potential degradation was complete for all 17 SBM variants. The degradation of fraction b started after a mean lag phase of 1.7 h (1.1-2.0 h) at an average rate (c) of 10% per hour, but with a high range from 4.5% to 14% per hour. Differences in the degradation parameters induced a considerable range in CP effective degradation at a rumen passage rate of 6% per hour (CPED6) from 38% to 67%; hence, the concentration of rumen undegradable protein varied widely from 33% to 62%. The range in AA degradation between the SBM variants was high, with Ser showing the widest range, from 28% to 96%, and similar for the other AA. The regression equations showed close relationships between CP and AA degradation after 16 h of in situ incubation. However, the slopes of the linear regressions were significantly different between AA, suggesting that degradation among individual AA differs upon a change in CP degradation. The concentrations of InsP6 and myo-inositol pentakisphosphate in bag residues in the in situ study decreased constantly with longer ruminal incubation times. The ruminal degradation parameters of InsP6 ranged from 11% to 37% for fraction a, 63% to 89% for fraction b, and from 7.7% to 21% per hour for degradation rate c, with average values of 21%, 79%, and 16% per hour, respectively. The calculated InsP6 effective degradation at a rumen passage rate of 6% per hour (InsP6ED6) varied from 61% to 84% among the SBM variants. Significant correlations were detected between InsP6ED6 and CPED6 and between InsP6ED6 and chemical protein fractions A, B1, B2, B3, and C. Linear regression equations were developed to predict ruminal InsP6 degradation using CPED6 and chemical protein fractions B3 and C chosen by a stepwise selection procedure. We concluded that a high range in CP, AA, and InsP6 degradation exists among commercial SBM, suggesting that general degradability values may not be precise enough for diet formulation for dairy cows. Degradation of CP in SBM may be used to predict rumen degradation of AA and InsP6 using linear regression equations. Degradation of CP and InsP6 could also be predicted from the chemical protein fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Titze
- Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Y-P Chi
- Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - E Haese
- Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Hartung
- Institut für Kulturpflanzenwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M Rodehutscord
- Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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Kalski L, Greiß F, Hartung JJ, Hafermann L, Hofmann M, Wolfarth B. Klinische Evaluation eines Ü45-Screening-Fragebogens zur
Erfassung des individuellen Präventions- und
Rehabilitationsbedarfs. Das Gesundheitswesen 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1753860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Kalski
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Abteilung
Sportmedizin, Berlin, Deutschland
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für
Sportwissenschaft, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - F Greiß
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Abteilung
Sportmedizin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - JJ Hartung
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Abteilung
Sportmedizin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - L Hafermann
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut
für Biometrie und Klinische Epidemiologie, Berlin,
Deutschland
| | - M Hofmann
- DRV Berlin-Brandenburg, Abteilung Rehabilitation und
Gesundheitsförderung, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - B Wolfarth
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Abteilung
Sportmedizin, Berlin, Deutschland
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für
Sportwissenschaft, Berlin, Deutschland
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3
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Shevchenko LV, Iakubchak OM, Davydovych VA, Honchar VV, Ciorga M, Hartung J, Kołacz R. Influence of lycopene and astaxanthin in feed on metabolic parameters of laying hens, yolk color of eggs and their content of carotenoids and vitamin A when stored under refrigerated conditions. Pol J Vet Sci 2021; 24:525-535. [PMID: 35179839 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2021.139977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Orientating investigations were carried out in order to test the influence of oil extracts of lycopene (20, 40 and 60 mg/kg feed) and astaxanthin (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg feed) as feed additives on the metabolic parameters (glucose, creatinine, cholesterol) and enzyme activities (alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate transaminase, AST) of laying hens. Eggs from these hens were stored at refrigerator temperatures of 4°C and 12°C for up to 30 days and analyzed for vitamin A, carotenoid and yolk color. 45 laying hens (Hy-Line W36 cross, 23 weeks of age) were divided in three groups of 15 birds each (control, lycopene fed group, astaxanthin fed group). Blood samples were taken from the hens and laid eggs were collected on days 31, 61, and 91 of the study. The eggs were stored for 30 days in refrigerators. Both lycopene and astaxanthin increased the content of glucose in serum (Р⟨0.05). The content of creatinine and cholesterol, and the activity of ALT, AST and alkaline phosphatase varied dose-dependently. With the exception of cholesterol, metabolite concentrations in the serum of laying hens fed different lycopene and astaxanthin doses did not exceed clinically accepted physiological levels. The carotenoid content and color of the egg yolks from laying hens fed astaxanthin was significantly higher (Р⟨0.05) compared to lycopene fed birds. Refrigerator storage of the eggs did not affect carotenoid content and egg yolk color compared to freshly laid eggs. Both feed additives showed a favorable effect on the metabolism of laying hens and the enrichment of egg yolks with carotenoids, astaxanthin significantly more (Р⟨0.05) than lycopene.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Shevchenko
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony St, 15, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - O M Iakubchak
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony St, 15, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - V A Davydovych
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony St, 15, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - V V Honchar
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Oborony St, 15, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - M Ciorga
- Department of Public Health Protection and Animal Welfare, Institute for Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, Toruń, Poland
| | - J Hartung
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 9, Hannover, Germany
| | - R Kołacz
- Department of Public Health Protection and Animal Welfare, Institute for Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, Toruń, Poland
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4
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Cabet S, Karl K, Garel C, Delius M, Hartung J, Lesca G, Chaoui R, Guibaud L. Two different prenatal imaging cerebral patterns of tubulinopathy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:493-497. [PMID: 32149430 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To illustrate the prenatal cerebral imaging features associated with tubulinopathy, we report on five affected fetuses from unrelated families, with a de-novo heterozygous variant in a tubulin gene (TUBA1A, TUBB2B or TUBB3). We identified two distinct prenatal imaging patterns related to tubulinopathy: a severe form, characterized by enlarged germinal matrices, microlissencephaly and a kinked brainstem; and a mild form which has not been reported previously in the prenatal literature. The latter form is associated with non-specific features, including an asymmetric brainstem, corpus callosal dysgenesis, a lack of Sylvian fissure operculization and distortion of the anterior part of the interhemispheric fissure with subsequent impacted medial borders of the frontal lobes, the combination of which, in the absence of additional extracerebral anomalies, is highly suggestive of tubulinopathy. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cabet
- Imagerie Pédiatrique et Fœtale, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France
- Service de Génétique, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France
| | - K Karl
- Center for Prenatal Diagnosis Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - C Garel
- Department of Pediatric Imaging, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau APHP, Paris, France
| | - M Delius
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J Hartung
- Office of Prenatal Diagnosis, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Lesca
- Service de Génétique, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France
| | - R Chaoui
- Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Human Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Guibaud
- Imagerie Pédiatrique et Fœtale, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon-Bron, France
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Witjes M, Voskuil F, Steinkamp P, Koller M, Van der Vegt B, Doff J, Zhao T, Hartung J, Jayalakshmi Y, Sumer B, Gao J, van Dam G. Fluorescence Guided Surgery Using the pH-Activated Micellar Tracer ONM-100: First-In-Human Proof of Principle in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2019.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Yalcinkaya M, Cardner M, Goetze S, Luca E, Balasz M, Hunjadi M, Ritsch A, Hartung J, Landmesser U, Liebisch G, Claassen M, Krützfeldt J, Wolfrum C, Beerenwinkel N, Rohrer L, Von Eckardstein A. Unravelling The Structure-Function-Relationships Of High Density Lipoproteins (Hdl) By A Systems Biological Approach. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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7
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Steinkamp PJ, Voskuil FJ, Koller M, van der Vegt B, Doff JJ, Zhao T, Hartung J, Jayalakshmi Y, Sumer BD, Gao J, Witjes MJ, van Dam GM. Abstract P2-14-29: Image guided surgery for tumor detection in breast cancer using the PH activated micellar tracer ONM-100: The SHINE study. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-14-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Currently, no reliable intra-operative tumor detection and margin assessment technologies during breast conserving surgery are available. Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) using tumor specific fluorescent tracers can improve intra-operative tumor detection. However, a major limitation is the lack of broad tumor applicability due to complex oncogenotypes and histologic phenotypes. A strategy to overcome this challenge is targeting metabolic vulnerabilities that are more ubiquitous and regarded as generic hallmarks of cancer. The extracellular environment of tumors is relatively acidic compared to healthy tissue due to aerobic glycolysis, the so-called Warburg effect. ONM-100, a micellar polymer tracer labeled with the fluorescent imaging dye Indocyanine Green (ICG), has an exquisitely pH-sensitive binary on/off mechanism. The micelles dissociate in acidic environments causing the unquenching and fluorescent activation of the ICG dye. As most solid cancer types are acidotic, ONM-100 acts as a generic tracer targeting a broad range of tumors. This proof of concept, first in-human study, investigates the safety and feasibility of ONM-100 as an intra-operative fluorescent tracer in breast cancer (BC) patients.
Methods: In this phase 1 study, the pH-activated fluorescent tracer ONM-100 was administered 24±8h prior to surgery in a dose escalation scheme ranging from 0.1 mg/kg to 0.8 mg/kg in groups of 3 patients each. Patients with biopsy proven BC were included. Patients that had undergone neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. Blood was drawn up to day 10 to assess safety and pharmacokinetic data. Intra-operative images were collected of the tumor before and after excision and of the wound bed. Immediately after excision ex vivo fluorescence images were obtained from the serially sliced specimen and the formalin fixated paraffin embedded tissue blocks. Fluorescence images were correlated with histopathological assessment on Hematoxylin and Eosin (H/E) stained sections.
Results: In this ongoing clinical trial, 4 patients with BC were enrolled between March and May 2018. No tracer related (serious) adverse events were observed. A strong and sharply demarcated fluorescent signal in tumor tissue was observed in all 4 patients with in- and ex vivo imaging (median Contrast to Noise Ratio 6.5; IQR 7.25), which correlated with areas of tumor involvement on histopathology. In one BC patient, an intra-operatively unnoticed tumor positive margin was detected using fluorescence imaging. Additionally, a BC satellite lesion was detected, which was otherwise missed by the pathologist.
Conclusion: Preliminary results of this ongoing first in-human study with the pH-activated tracer ONM-100 shows that ONM-100 is well tolerated and safe and allows fluorescent tumor visualization both in- and ex vivo. Here, we provide the first data that this pH-sensitive optical tracer can be used as a tracer for FGS and for margin detection. Further analysis on microscopic biodistribution of ONM-100 is currently being performed and possibilities for metastatic lymph node detection will be explored.
Citation Format: Steinkamp PJ, Voskuil FJ, Koller M, van der Vegt B, Doff JJ, Zhao T, Hartung J, Jayalakshmi Y, Sumer BD, Gao J, Witjes MJ, van Dam GM. Image guided surgery for tumor detection in breast cancer using the PH activated micellar tracer ONM-100: The SHINE study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-14-29.
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Affiliation(s)
- PJ Steinkamp
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - FJ Voskuil
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - M Koller
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - B van der Vegt
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - JJ Doff
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - T Zhao
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - J Hartung
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - Y Jayalakshmi
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - BD Sumer
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - J Gao
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - MJ Witjes
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
| | - GM van Dam
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Onconano Medicine, Dallas, TX; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; JPH Clinical Development Inc, San Diego, CA
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Skurk C, Hartung JJ, Leistner DM, Landmesser U. [Catheter-based atrial appendage closure-current data and future developments]. Internist (Berl) 2018; 59:1028-1040. [PMID: 30182193 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-018-0483-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In Germany more than 1.6 million patients suffer from atrial fibrillation (AF). Within the next decades this number will substantially increase due to current demographic trends with the increasing average age of the population. When untreated, patients with atrial fibrillation have a five times higher risk for stroke as compared with a control cohort. A potent stroke prevention therapy reducing the risk of stroke by approximately 70-80% is primarily treatment with new oral anticoagulants (NOACs). The risk scores for stroke (CHA2DS2-VASc) and major bleeding (HAS-BLED) in patients with atrial fibrillation share common variables, so that patients with the highest stroke risk often carry a very high bleeding risk. A significant number of patients (ca. 20-30%) are, however, not eligible for long-term anticoagulation, e.g. because of a high bleeding risk. For this population there is an urgent need for alternative stroke prevention strategies, such as catheter-based percutaneous left atrial appendage closure. Current data about the efficiency and safety of this treatment as well as a discussion of ongoing recruitment for randomized studies are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Skurk
- Klinik für Kardiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12003, Berlin, Deutschland.,Standort Berlin, Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Berlin, Deutschland
| | - J J Hartung
- Klinik für Kardiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12003, Berlin, Deutschland.,Standort Berlin, Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Berlin, Deutschland
| | - D M Leistner
- Klinik für Kardiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12003, Berlin, Deutschland.,Standort Berlin, Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Berlin, Deutschland.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Deutschland
| | - U Landmesser
- Klinik für Kardiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12003, Berlin, Deutschland. .,Standort Berlin, Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Berlin, Deutschland. .,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Deutschland.
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9
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Yalcinkaya M, Cardner M, Goetze S, Hunjadi M, Ritsch A, Hartung J, Landmesser U, Liebisch G, Wollscheid B, Beerenwinkel N, Rohrer L, Von Eckardstein A. A systems biological approach to the anti-atherogenicity of high density lipoproteins. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Lange F, Porath K, Hartung J, Resch T, Weßlau K, Hörnschemeyer J, Linnebacher M, Schültke E, Kirschstein T, Köhling R. P18. Effekte von Perampanel auf die Gliom-assoziierte Epilepsie. Clin Neurophysiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.04.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Zhang X, Zhang M, Su Y, Wang Z, Zhao Q, Zhu H, Qian Z, Xu J, Tang S, Wu D, Lin Y, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao E. Inhibition of heat stress-related apoptosis of chicken myocardial cells through inducing Hsp90 expression by aspirin administration in vivo. Br Poult Sci 2018; 59:308-317. [PMID: 29557194 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1454585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
1. This experiment investigated the anti-apoptosis effects and the mechanism of aspirin action in the heat shock response of chicken myocardial cells in vivo, via changes in the heat stress (HS) protein Hsp90 and the rate of apoptosis. Broiler chickens were administered aspirin (1 mg/kg body weight) 2 h before exposure to HS, and then exposed to 40 ± 1°C for 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 24 h. 2. The induction and consumption of the HS factor heat shock factor (HSF)-1, and reductions of HSF-2 and HSF-3 induced by HS led to a delay in Hsp90 expression. HSF-1, 2 and 3 regulation of hsp90 expression in turn inhibited the synthesis and activation of protein kinase β (Akt), which resulted in a significant increase in caspase-3 at 2 and 10 h, caspase-9 from 1 to 7 h (except at 5 h), and the heat-stressed apoptosis of the myocardial cells. 3. Administration of aspirin changed the expression patterns of HSF-1, 2 and 3 such that the expression of Hsp90 protein was significantly upregulated (by 2.3-4.1 times compared with that of the non-treated cells). The resultant increase in Akt expression and activation, compared with the HS group, inhibited caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities and reduced the myocardial cells apoptosis rate (by 2.14-2.56 times). 4. Aspirin administration could inhibit heat-stressed apoptosis of myocardial cells in vivo and may be closely associated with its promotion of HS response of chicken hearts, especially Hsp90 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - M Zhang
- b College of Animal Science and Technology , Jinling Institute of Technology , Nanjing , China
| | - Y Su
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Z Wang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Q Zhao
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - H Zhu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Z Qian
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - J Xu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - S Tang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - D Wu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Y Lin
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - N Kemper
- c Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour , University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover , Hannover , Germany
| | - J Hartung
- c Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour , University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover , Hannover , Germany
| | - E Bao
- a College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
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12
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Hartung J. Curtailing fabrication in medical literature. Anaesthesia 2017; 72:1416. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Hartung
- Downstate Medical Center; Brooklyn NY USA
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13
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Hartung J, Weiss S, Wilhelm O. Individual differences in performance on comprehension and knowledge tests with and without passages and questions. Learning and Individual Differences 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
1. Specific legal requirements for keeping pullets are not available in the European Union. However, two of the most important rearing factors for pullets are sufficient perching and feeder space. Both factors represent horizontal space dimensions which derive from the body width of the birds. 2. The body width of two strains of layer pullets (brown (BL) and white (WL) layer pullets) based on the measurement of distances in digital images was conducted on front-view digital photographs of BL and WL pullets taken at 8, 12 and 19 weeks of life. 3. Depending on live weight, age and body position, BL pullets measured an average body width between 10.70 ± 1.10 and 13.96 ± 1.11 cm. The width of WL pullets ranged from 10.30 ± 0.86 to 13.00 ± 1.14 cm. 4. Compared with WL, BL pullets occupied more horizontal space during rearing. Age influenced the body width of BL and WL pullets at the end of rearing. The tested body positions of the pullets did not affect the measured body width. 5. The biometric data obtained in this study are a useful basis for developing legal requirements for pullets, especially for defining minimum perch width and feeder space allowances.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Giersberg
- a Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour , University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation , Hannover , Germany
| | - N Kemper
- a Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour , University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation , Hannover , Germany
| | - J Hartung
- a Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour , University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation , Hannover , Germany
| | - L Schrader
- b Institute of Animal Welfare and Animal Husbandry , Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut , Celle , Germany
| | - B Spindler
- a Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour , University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation , Hannover , Germany
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15
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Hartung J, Weiss S, Wilhelm O. Individual Differences in Performance on Comprehension and Knowledge Tests With and Without Passages and Questions. Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Wu D, Zhang M, Lu Y, Tang S, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao E. Aspirin-induced heat stress resistance in chicken myocardial cells can be suppressed by BAPTA-AM in vitro. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:817-27. [PMID: 27262845 PMCID: PMC5003798 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Our recent studies have displayed the protective functions of aspirin against heat stress (HS) in chicken myocardial cells, and it may be associated with heat shock proteins (HSPs). In this study, we further investigated the potential role of HSPs in the aspirin-induced heat stress resistance. Four of the most important HSPs including HspB1 (Hsp27), Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90 were induced by aspirin pretreatment and were suppressed by BAPTA-AM. When HSPs were induced by aspirin, much slighter HS injury was detected. But more serious damages were observed when HSPs were suppressed by BAPTA-AM than those cells exposed to HS without BAPTA-AM, even the myocardial cells have been treated with aspirin in prior. Comparing to other HSPs, HspB1 presented the largest increase after aspirin treatments, 86-fold higher than the baseline (the level before HS). These findings suggested that multiple HSPs participated in aspirin's anti-heat stress function but HspB1 may contribute the most. Interestingly, during the experiments, we also found that apoptosis rate as well as the oxidative stress indicators (T-SOD and MDA) was not consistently responding to heat stress injury as expected. By selecting from a series of candidates, myocardial cell damage-related enzymes (CK-MB and LDH), cytopathological tests, and necrosis rate (measured by flow cytometry assays) are believed to be reliable indicators to evaluate heat stress injury in chicken's myocardial cells and they will be used in our further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 210038, China
| | - Yinjun Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - N Kemper
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Hartung
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Endong Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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17
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Giersberg MF, Hartung J, Kemper N, Spindler B. Floor space covered by broiler chickens kept at stocking densities according to Council Directive 2007/43/EC. Vet Rec 2016; 179:124. [PMID: 27377394 DOI: 10.1136/vr.103563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
It is controversially discussed whether the stocking densities set by the EU Directive 2007/43/EC allow a species-appropriate housing of broiler chickens. To calculate the exact area broilers occupy due to their physical size and shape, planimetric measurements using a colour-contrast method were carried out. In total, 1949 photographs of standing and 1482 of squatting chickens, taken from a top view, were analysed. A computer program counted the pixels representing the previously weighed animal in the photograph and calculated the animal area. The average area covered by chickens with 400 g live weight was 116.64±13.12 cm(2) in a standing and 138.61±12.92 cm(2) in a squatting position. These areas increased linearly as a function of live weight to 452.57±58.89 cm(2) (R(2)=0.90 standing) and 513.54±42.70 cm(2) (R(2)=0.82 squatting) at the end of the study (3200 g live weight). Squatting chickens occupied more space compared with a standing position in most of the tested weight classes (P<0.05). Depending on target weights, stocking densities and body positions, broilers occupied 48.5-77.7 per cent of 1 m(2) Thus, from a physical point of view, simultaneous resting is possible at any stocking density provided by the EU Directive and at common target weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Giersberg
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Hartung
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - N Kemper
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - B Spindler
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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18
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Zhang X, Qian Z, Zhu H, Tang S, Wu D, Zhang M, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao E. HSP90 gene expression induced by aspirin is associated with damage remission in a chicken myocardial cell culture exposed to heat stress. Br Poult Sci 2016; 57:462-73. [PMID: 27088575 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1174978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To understand the potential protection of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) induced by aspirin against heat stress damage in chicken myocardial cells, enzyme activities related to stress damage, cytopathological changes, the expression and distribution of HSP90, and HSP90 mRNA levels in the myocardial cells exposed to heat stress (42°C) for different durations with or without aspirin administration (1 mg/ml, 2 h prior) in vitro were investigated. Significant increase of enzyme levels in the supernatant of heat-stressed myocardial cells and cellular lesions characterised by acute degeneration, karyopyknosis and karyorrhexis were observed, compared to non-treated cells. However, the lesions of cells treated with aspirin were milder, characterised by earlier recovery of enzyme levels to the control levels and no obvious heat stress-related cellular necrosis. Stronger positive signals in the cytoplasm and longer retention of HSP90 signal in nuclei were observed in aspirin-treated myocardial cells than those of only heat-stressed cells. HSP90 level in the aspirin-treated myocardial cells was 11.1-fold higher than that in non-treated cells, and remained at a high level at the early stage of heat stress, whereas it was just 4.1-fold higher in only heat-stressed cells and returned rapidly to a low level. Overexpression of HSP90 mRNA in aspirin-treated cells was observed throughout the experiment, whereas HSP90 mRNA decreased significantly only in heat-stressed cells. The early higher HSP90 expression induced by aspirin during heat stress was accompanied by decreased heat stress damage, suggesting that aspirin might play an important role in preventing myocardial cells from heat stress damage in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Z Qian
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - H Zhu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - S Tang
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - D Wu
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - M Zhang
- b College of Animal Science and Technology , Jinling Institute of Technology , Nanjing , China
| | - N Kemper
- c Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour , University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation , Hannover , Germany
| | - J Hartung
- c Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour , University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation , Hannover , Germany
| | - E Bao
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
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19
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Zhang X, Wang Z, Yin B, Wu H, Tang S, Wu L, Su Y, Lin Y, Liu X, Pang B, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao E. A complex of trypsin and chymotrypsin effectively inhibited growth of pathogenic bacteria inducing cow mastitis and showed synergistic antibacterial activity with antibiotics. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wu D, Zhang M, Xu J, Song E, Lv Y, Tang S, Zhang X, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao E. In vitro evaluation of aspirin-induced HspB1 against heat stress damage in chicken myocardial cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:405-13. [PMID: 26910344 PMCID: PMC4837179 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the potential association of heat stress resistance with HspB1 induction by aspirin (ASA) in chicken myocardial cells, variations of HspB1 expression and heat stressed-induced damage of myocardial cells after ASA administration were studied in primary cultured myocardial cells. Cytopathological lesions as well as damage-related enzymes, such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), indicated the considerable protective ability of ASA pre-treatment against acute heat stress. Immunostaining assays showed that heat stress caused HspB1 to relocate into the nucleus, while ASA did not. ELISA analysis, revealed that HspB1 expression induced by ASA averaged 45.62-fold higher than that of the control. These results indicated that the acute heat-stressed injuries were accompanied by comparatively lower HspB1 expression caused by heat stress in vitro. ASA pre-treatment induced a level of HspB1 presumed to be sufficient to protect myocardial cells from acute heat stress in the extracorporal model, although more detailed mechanisms will require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 210038, China
| | - Jiao Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Erbao Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yinjun Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - N Kemper
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behavior, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Hartung
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behavior, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Endong Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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21
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Spindler B, Giersberg MF, Briese A, Kemper N, Hartung J. Spatial requirements of poultry assessed by using a colour-contrast method (KobaPlan). Br Poult Sci 2016; 57:23-33. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2015.1127894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Rosebrugh LE, Ahmed TS, Marx VM, Hartung J, Liu P, López JG, Houk KN, Grubbs RH. Probing Stereoselectivity in Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Mediated by Cyclometalated Ruthenium-Based Catalysts: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1394-405. [PMID: 26726835 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The microstructures of polymers produced by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with cyclometalated Ru-carbene metathesis catalysts were investigated. A strong bias for a cis,syndiotactic microstructure with minimal head-to-tail bias was observed. In instances where trans errors were introduced, it was determined that these regions were also syndiotactic. Furthermore, hypothetical reaction intermediates and transition structures were analyzed computationally. Combined experimental and computational data support a reaction mechanism in which cis,syndio-selectivity is a result of stereogenic metal control, while microstructural errors are predominantly due to alkylidene isomerization via rotation about the Ru═C double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Rosebrugh
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - T S Ahmed
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - V M Marx
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - J Hartung
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - P Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - J G López
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - R H Grubbs
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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23
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Wu D, Xu J, Song E, Tang S, Zhang X, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao E. Acetyl salicylic acid protected against heat stress damage in chicken myocardial cells and may associate with induced Hsp27 expression. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:687-96. [PMID: 25956131 PMCID: PMC4463918 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) protects chicken myocardial cells from heat stress-mediated damage in vivo and whether the induction of Hsp27 expression is connected with this function. Pathological changes, damage-related enzyme levels, and Hsp27 expression were studied in chickens following heat stress (40 ± 1 °C for 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, or 24 h, respectively) with or without ASA administration (1 mg/kg BW, 2 h prior). Appearance of pathological lesions such as degenerations and karyopyknosis as well as the myocardial damage-related enzyme activation indicated that heat stress causes considerable injury to the myocardial cells in vivo. Myocardial cell injury was most serious in chickens exposed to heat stress without prior ASA administration; meanwhile, ASA pretreatment acted protective function against high temperature-induced injury. Hsp27 expression was induced under all experimental conditions but was one-fold higher in the ASA-pretreated animals (0.3138 ± 0.0340 ng/mL) than in untreated animals (0.1437 ± 0.0476 ng/mL) 1 h after heat stress exposure, and such an increase was sustained over the length of the experiment. Our findings indicate that pretreatment with ASA protects chicken myocardial cells from acute heat stress in vivo with almost no obvious side effects, and this protection may involve an enhancement of Hsp27 expression. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying this effect require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jiao Xu
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Erbao Song
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shu Tang
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - N. Kemper
- />Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - J. Hartung
- />Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Endong Bao
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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24
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Chen HB, Zhang XC, Cheng YF, Abdelnasir A, Tang S, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao ED. Association of heat shock protein 70 expression with rat myocardial cell damage during heat stress in vitro and in vivo. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:1994-2005. [PMID: 25867345 DOI: 10.4238/2015.march.20.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of sudden death as a result of stress-induced damage to heart tissue and myocardial cells and to investigate the cardioprotective role of Hsp70 during heat stress, the distribution and expression of Hsp70 was evaluated in the heart cells of heat-stressed rats in vivo and heat-stressed H9c2 cells in vitro. After exposure to heat stress at 42°C for different durations, we observed a significant induction of CK, CK-MB, and LDH as well as pathologic lesions characterized by acute degeneration, suggesting that cell damage occurs from the onset of heat stress. Immunocytochemistry showed that Hsp70 was distributed mainly in the cytoplasm of myocardial cells in vivo and in vitro. Hsp70-positive signals in the cytoplasm were more prominent in intact areas than in degenerated areas after 60 min of heat stress. Hsp70 protein levels in myocardial cells in vitro decreased from the beginning to the end of heat stress. Hsp70 protein levels in rat heart tissues in vivo decreased gradually with prolonged heat stress, with a slight increase at the beginning of heat stress. These results indicate that Hsp70 plays a role in the response of cardiac cells to heat stress and that decreased Hsp70 levels are associated with damage to rat myocardial cells in vitro and in vivo. Significant differences were found in hsp70 mRNA, which began to increase after 20 min of heat stress in vitro and after 40 min in vivo. This indicates that hysteresis is involved in mRNA expression after heat stress in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - X C Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y F Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - A Abdelnasir
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - S Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - N Kemper
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Hartung
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - E D Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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25
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Abdelnasir A, Sun JR, Cheng YF, Chen HB, Tang S, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao ED. Evaluation of Hsp47 expression in heat-stressed rat myocardial cells in vitro and in vivo. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:10787-802. [PMID: 25526199 DOI: 10.4238/2014.december.18.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify the correlation between expression of heat shock protein 47 (Hsp47) and stress injury in heat-stressed myocardial cells and to compare variations in Hsp47 expression in rat myocardial cells exposed to different heat stress for varying periods in vitro and in vivo. Exposure to heat stress at 42°C resulted in similar induction patterns of the heart damage-related enzyme aspartate aminotransferase in the supernatants of H9c2 cells and in the serum of rats. Histological analysis revealed that both H9c2 cells and heart tissues displayed cellular degeneration in response to different periods of heat stress. Hsp47 was constitutively expressed in the cytoplasm of H9c2 cells at all time points during heat stress, which was consistent with observations in heart fibers in vivo. Immunoblotting analysis revealed no significant difference between the expression of Hsp47 in H9c2 cells and heart tissue. However, the expression of hsp47 mRNA in response to heat stress was significantly increased in H9c2 cells at 60 min (P < 0.01) and 100 min (P < 0.01), which was comparable to that at 100 min (P < 0.01) in the rat heart. Thus, Hsp47 was elevated significantly after hyperthermia at the mRNA level but not at the protein level both in vitro and in vivo. The results suggest that Hsp47 turnover may increase during heat stress or that Hsp47 consumption exceeds its production.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abdelnasir
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - J R Sun
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - Y F Cheng
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - H B Chen
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - S Tang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - N Kemper
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Hartung
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - E D Bao
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
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Cheng YF, Sun JR, Chen HB, Abdelnasir A, Tang S, Kemper N, Hartung J, Bao ED. Association of Hsp60 expression with damage to rat myocardial cells exposed to heat stress in vivo and in vitro. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:9371-81. [PMID: 25501148 DOI: 10.4238/2014.november.11.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the protective role of Hsp60 against stress damage and its role in the sudden death of stressed animals, changes in the levels of Hsp60 protein and hsp60 mRNA of myocardial cells in vivo and in vitro were studied. In addition, the relationship between Hsp60 expression and heat-induced damage was also studied. Rats were exposed to a temperature of 42° ± 1°C for 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, or 100 min. More than 50% of the rats died suddenly within 100 min. With increasing heat stress duration, hsp60 mRNA levels significantly increased in both in vivo and in vitro rat myocardial cells; however, a similar trend was not observed for Hsp60 protein levels. Although the changes observed in Hsp60 expression in myocardial cells in vitro were inconsistent with those of rat heart tissues in vivo, Hsp60 expression levels were consistent with the histopathological damage observed in myocardial cells both in vivo and in vitro. Differences in Hsp60 expression may reflect the degree of injury sustained by myocardial cells in vivo and in vitro. As a mitochondrial protein, Hsp60 represents a potential biomarker of heat stress, and may protect against heat stress induced myocardial cellular damage both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - J R Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - H B Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - A Abdelnasir
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - S Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - N Kemper
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Hartung
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - E D Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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27
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Islam A, Rehana B, Zhang M, Liu ZJ, Tang S, Hartung J, Bao ED. Expression of heat shock protein 90 alpha (Hsp90α) in primary neonatal rat myocardial cells exposed to various periods of heat stress in vitro. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:2806-16. [PMID: 24782094 DOI: 10.4238/2014.april.14.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of heat shock protein 90 alpha (Hsp90α) protection against heart damage resulting from heat stress by detecting Hsp90α mRNA, Hsp90α protein, protein localization, and cell damage in primary myocardial cells of neonatal rats in response to heat stress in vitro. The cells were heat-stressed at 42°C in an incubator with 95% air and 5% CO2 for different periods. Levels of Hsp90α, protein localization, enzymes, and cytopathological lesions were detected using Western blot, immunocytochemistry enzymatic assays, and cytopathological techniques. Aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase enzyme levels were elevated during heat stress, and acute cellular lesions that were characterized by vacuolar degeneration and necrosis were observed. Hsp90α levels decreased between 10 and 60 min of heat stress and increased after 360 and 480 min, while Hsp90α mRNA decreased after 360 min. These results indicate that heat stress might induce irreversible damage in certain myocardial cells. The elevated Hsp90α level at the end of heat stress and its positive signal in the cytoplasm of myocardial cells after heat stress could be associated with its protective role. Additionally, the consumption of Hsp90α exceeded its production in the first period of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Islam
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - B Rehana
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - M Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - Z J Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - S Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
| | - J Hartung
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - E D Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, China
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Ismayilova G, Sonoda L, Fels M, Rizzi R, Oczak M, Viazzi S, Vranken E, Hartung J, Berckmans D, Guarino M. Acoustic-reward learning as a method to reduce the incidence of aggressive and abnormal behaviours among newly mixed piglets. Anim Prod Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/an13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to test whether aggressive actions among piglets could be redirected by an automatically generated sound signal followed by a sweet food reward. Per round, four litters of 25-day-old piglets (BHZP breed) were trained 5 times per day over 8 days to expect a sweet feed reward from a dog feeder after hearing a specific sound. In total 144 piglets in 14 entire litters were trained in five trials. At the end of the training 71% of the piglets were around the feeder 5 s after the feeder sound. After the training period, the piglets were weaned and mixed in two pens, 12 piglets per pen. During 2 days (3 h/day) after mixing two observers (one per pen) hidden behind a wooden wall activated the feeder when aggressive or abnormal behaviour started. A total of 616 aggressive events and 31 incidences of abnormal behaviour (ear biting) were used for the analysis. The logistic regression showed that the type of behaviour had a significant effect on the piglets’ response to the feeder sound (P < 0.001). The results showed the possibility of interruption of the aggressive behaviours such as head thrust [odds ratio (OR) = 0.43], jump on other (OR = 0.56) or attack with bite (OR = 0.61). Ear biting was very unlikely to continue (OR = 0.55). The risk of continuing elevated aggression level behaviours was doubled in the event of chasing (OR = 2.16) and the risk that fight would continue after the feeder sound was released was 7 times higher (OR = 7.89). Categorical analysis showed a significant effect (<0.001) of the time intervals t ≤ 1 s and 1 s < t ≤ 3 s on interruption of aggression by the feeder sound release. The piglets’ response to the feeder sound differed significantly between the experimental days (P < 0.001). On the second day of mixing, the feeder sound interrupted 74.9% of aggressive events, compared with 33.7% on the first day. The results suggest that acoustic-reward treatment can distract pigs from performing certain aggressive behaviours and ear biting in piglets when properly applied in time.
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Moesta A, Knierim U, Briese A, Hartung J. Space use at night and social relationship between roosting partners in a large flock of laying hens. Br Poult Sci 2013; 53:715-9. [PMID: 23281768 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2012.721926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
1. Laying hens in two aviary flocks of 1250 females and 12 males were investigated to determine if hens used the same roosting site more often than expected by chance and whether hens that roost next to each other for two consecutive nights (close groups) had fewer agonistic interactions than hens roosting far away from each other (distant groups) when put into a new environment in groups of 4 birds. 2. Hens showed a significant preference for using the same roosting site on consecutive nights. There was no difference between close groups and distant groups in agonistic interactions. However, in close but not distant groups, a low or high level of interaction on day 1 predicted a low or high level on day 2 that might reflect established relationships in the close groups. 3. It was concluded that hens prefer the same roosting site in the short term but further research is needed to investigate whether hens roosting next to each other recognise roosting partners or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moesta
- Behaviour Service, Department of Veterinary Biosciences & Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7388, USA.
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Friese A, Schulz J, Zimmermann K, Tenhagen BA, Fetsch A, Hartung J, Rösler U. Occurrence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Turkey and broiler barns and contamination of air and soil surfaces in their vicinity. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013. [PMID: 23417001 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The emission of microorganisms, especially resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), from poultry farms is of public interest, and its occurrence and relevance are controversially discussed. So far, there are limited data on this issue. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of livestock-associated (LA)-MRSA inside and outside previously tested MRSA-positive poultry barns in Germany. In total, five turkey and two broiler fattening farms were investigated four and three times, respectively. In a longitudinal study during one fattening period, samples were collected from animals, the animals' environment inside the barn, including the air, and the barns' surroundings, such as ambient air and boot swabs of ground surfaces at different distances from the barn. Moreover, a cross-sectional study was carried out once inside the barns on five turkey and four broiler farms during the last third of the fatting period. In the cross-sectional study, LA-MRSA was detected in the air of most barns (7 of 9, 77.8%), as well as in many samples originating from animals, with detections levels of 50 to 54% in broiler and 62 to 77% in turkey farms. In the longitudinal study, LA-MRSA was found in the ambient air outside two turkey barns and on the ground surface on the downwind side of many (44.4%) turkey and broiler farms. The same spa types of isolates were observed inside and outside the barns. Transmission of MRSA within poultry farms, as well as emission via the airborne route, seems to be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Friese
- Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Abstract
Infected laying hens regularly excrete large amounts of Campylobacter jejuni with their feces, which represent a reservoir of infection within the flock and for animals in the region. However, the knowledge about survival times of C. jejuni in these feces is still scarce. Therefore, orienting laboratory experiments were carried out under controlled conditions to estimate the survival times of C. jejuni both in artificially and naturally contaminated laying hen feces. In 6 different laying hen flocks (3 Campylobacter-free and 3 Campylobacter-positive flocks), fresh excreta were randomly collected and pooled in 20-g samples per flock. In the laboratory, each of the 3 pooled samples from the Campylobacter-free barns were homogenized and mixed with 10 mL of a freshly prepared C. jejuni suspension (3 × 10(8) cfu/mL). The other 3 samples were homogenized only. The 6 samples were stored at 20 ± 1°C and 40 to 60% RH in 2 different incubators. Specimens of 2 g were taken from all 6 samples 1 h after storage and daily at the same time during the next 10 consecutive days and investigated on culturable C. jejuni. The survival times of culturable C. jejuni ranged from 72 to 96 h in artificially inoculated feces and varied from 120 to 144 h in naturally colonized flocks. The flaA typing by RFLP confirmed that the isolates from the artificially contaminated feces were identical with the added strain. A total of 5 different flaA types were identified from the naturally contaminated feces, and survival of these isolates was dependent on flaA type. The demonstrated survival times indicate that contaminated fresh feces are an important reservoir of C. jejuni, representing a permanent source of infection over at least 6 d after excretion. It shows the considerable potential of fresh feces in transmitting the agent within and between flocks during that period. This 6-d span should be considered when poultry manure is applied to land as organic fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F M Ahmed
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behavior, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17p, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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Buriro R, Lv Y, Ali I, Tang S, Liu Z, Zhang M, Adem A, Hartung J, Bao E. Temporal variations of Hsp60 and HSF-1 in primary rat myocardial cells in vitro under heat stress. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:3003-16. [DOI: 10.4238/2013.august.20.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Islam A, Lv Y, Abdelnasir A, Rehana B, Liu Z, Zhang M, Tang S, Cheng Y, Chen H, Hartung J, Bao E. The role of Hsp90α in heat-induced apoptosis and cell damage in primary myocardial cell cultures of neonatal rats. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:6080-91. [DOI: 10.4238/2013.december.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Liu ZJ, Lv YJ, Zhang M, Yue ZH, Tang S, Islam A, Rehana B, Bao ED, Hartung J. Hsp110 expression changes in rat primary myocardial cells exposed to heat stress in vitro. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:4728-38. [PMID: 23315814 DOI: 10.4238/2012.november.29.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated and described the kinetics of heat shock protein (Hsp) 110 expression and distribution in rat primary myocardial cells exposed to heat stress in vitro. After incubation at 37°C for 72 h, myocardial cells were heat stressed at 42°C for 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 120, 240, 360, and 480 min. Significant increases in aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase enzymatic activities in the myocardial cell culture media were observed during heat stress, suggesting that the integrity of the myocardial cells was altered. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that the expressed Hsp110 was constitutively localized in the cytoplasm and in the nuclei in small amounts characterized by a granular pattern. Nuclear Hsp110 levels increased significantly after 240 min of heat stress compared with levels in the control. The overall levels of Hsp110 expression increased significantly after 20 min. After 240 min, Hsp110 levels were approximately 1.2-fold higher than those in the control. Increasing levels of hsp110 messenger RNA detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were observed after 20 min of heat stress, and the levels peaked with a 10-fold increase after 240 min of heat stress. These results indicate that the expression of Hsp110 in primary myocardial cells in vitro is sensitive to hyperthermic stress and that Hsp110 is involved in the potential acquisition of thermotolerance after heat stress. Therefore, Hsp110 might play a fundamental role in opposing and alleviating heat-induced damage caused by hyperthermic stress in primary myocardial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J Liu
- Animal Pathology Laboratory, Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang M, Lv Y, Yue Z, Islam A, Rehana B, Bao E, Hartung J. Effects of transportation on expression of Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp27 and αB-crystallin in the pig stomach. Vet Rec 2011; 169:312. [PMID: 21862472 DOI: 10.1136/vr.d4775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Twenty pigs were randomly divided into four groups based on the amount of time spent in transport (zero, one, two or four hours). Pathological examination of all transported pigs showed that exfoliation of chief cells from the gastric surface occurred in pigs during transportation. These results imply that integrity of the gastric mucosa was compromised by damage occurring during the four-hour transportation, despite the fact that gastric ulcers were not present. Levels of Hsp90 expression in stomach tissues were significantly decreased (P<0.01) after two-hour transportation, but Hsp70 levels increased significantly (P<0.05) after one, two and four hours of transportation. Hsp27 levels remained relatively stable independent of the length of transport. Levels of αB-crystallin expression in the stomach were significantly increased (P<0.05) after four hours of transportation. Variations in Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp27 and αB-crystallin levels suggest that distinct protective functions are modulated by different Hsps in stomach tissues during transportation. Alterations in Hsp70 and αB-crystallin expression appear to be associated with protective functions, as no apparent gastric ulcers were present in pigs that underwent four hours of transportation. Levels of heat shock transcription factor-1, which regulate the expression of Hsps, remained relatively stable independent of the transportation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Schulz J, Van Hoorebeke S, Hald B, Hartung J, Van Immerseel F, Radtke I, Kabell S, Dewulf J. The dynamics ofSalmonellaoccurrence in commercial laying hen flocks throughout a laying period. Avian Pathol 2011; 40:243-8. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2010.544290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kelm M, Hartung J, Schmalisch G, Proquitte H, Röhr CC. Vergleich dreier Handbeatmungsgeräte mit Manometer bezüglich deren Druckapplikation in der simulierten Erstversorgung von Frühgeborenen. Klin Padiatr 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Van Hoorebeke S, Van Immerseel F, Schulz J, Hartung J, Harisberger M, Barco L, Ricci A, Theodoropoulos G, Xylouri E, De Vylder J, Ducatelle R, Haesebrouck F, Pasmans F, de Kruif A, Dewulf J. Determination of the within and between flock prevalence and identification of risk factors for Salmonella infections in laying hen flocks housed in conventional and alternative systems. Prev Vet Med 2010; 94:94-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Seedorf J, Schröder M, Köhler L, Hartung J. Suitability of biocompost as a bedding material for stabled horses: respiratory hygiene and management practicalities. Equine Vet J 2010; 39:129-35. [PMID: 17378441 DOI: 10.2746/042516407x170085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Bedding material in stables has an important influence on air hygiene and information on the suitability of biocompost and wood shavings is incomplete. OBJECTIVES To compare the suitability and benefit of biocompost and wood shavings as bedding in horse stables and to determine key air factors for the evaluation of the potential impact of these materials on respiratory health. METHODS The study was conducted in a naturally ventilated stable with 4 horses. Air hygiene parameters were measured 24 h/day for 7 days with each bedding type: ammonia (NH3), inhalable and respirable dust, endotoxins, colony forming units (CFU) of total mesophilic bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and thermophilic actinomycetes. Both bedding materials were analysed for general chemical composition, particle size distribution and natural microbial content. The animals' behaviour was monitored by video cameras, and their health and cleanliness status determined by clinical and visual examination. RESULTS Concentrations of NH3, dust, endoxins and fungi were significantly higher during the monitoring period with wood shavings than with biocompost. In contrast concentrations of mesophilic bacteria, mesophilic actinomycetes and thermophilic actinomycetes microbial pollutants were highest with biocompost. The water content of bulk biocompost was considerably higher than that of wood shavings. Particles < or = 0.4 mm were not detectable in bulk wood shavings. The concentration of thermophilic actinomycetes by weight in raw biocompost was 639 times higher than in raw wood shavings. No significant differences were observed in the time spent by the horses lying down. The biocompost material tended to adhere more intensively to the animals' hair coat. Horses showed no clinical signs indicating any adverse effects of the biocompost material during the trials. CONCLUSIONS Biocompost cannot be recommended as bedding material for horses in stables, because the concentration of thermophilic actinomycetes and other agents that elicit and maintain recurrent airway obstructions was significantly higher with biocompost than with wood shavings. To ensure the well-being of horses, any new bedding material must be tested very carefully before it is introduced to the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Seedorf
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Behaviour of Farm Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17p, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Hangartner
- a Institute for Hygiene and Ergonomics , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology , Clausiusstrasse 21, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J. Hartung
- b Institute for Animal Hygiene and Animal Protection , Hannover School of Veterinary Medicine , Bünteweg 17p, 3000, Hannover 71, F.R. of Germany
| | - M. Paduch
- c Verein Deutscher Ingenieure , Graf‐Recke‐Strasse 84, 4000, Düsseldorf 1, F.R. of Germany
| | - B. F. Pain
- d AFRC Institute for Grassland and Animal Production , Hurley, Maidenhead, Berkshire, SL6 5LR, UK
| | - J. H. Voorburg
- e Institute of Agricultural Engineering (IMAG) , Mansholtlaan 10–12, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Hartung J. Gas chromatographic analysis of volatile fatty acids and phenolic/indolic compounds in pig house dust after ethanolic extraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/09593338509384315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bao E, Sultan KR, Nowak B, Hartung J. Expression and distribution of heat shock proteins in the heart of transported pigs. Cell Stress Chaperones 2008; 13:459-66. [PMID: 18465207 PMCID: PMC2673930 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-008-0042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2008] [Revised: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression and localization of four heat shock proteins (Hsp70, Hsp86, Hsp90, and Hsp27) were shown in the heart tissue of pigs transported for 6 h. Immunostaining detected the consistent presence of all Hsps in the pig myocardial cells under both transported and normal housing conditions. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed predominance of Hsp70 (significantly highest levels) and Hsp27 in the cytoplasm of myocardial cells. Hsp90 and Hsp86 were expressed both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, preferentially in the cytoplasm, of the myocardial cells. In view of their abundant and uniform distributions in the myocardial cells, the expression and distribution patterns of all detected Hsps within the myocardial cells, mostly limited to the cytoplasm, could be related to their chaperone function for cells with important special activities in this study. The identification of all four Hsps in the blood vessel endothelial cells possibly implies that endothelial cells react to ischemia and hypoxia by expressing Hsps. Immunoblot findings suggest that the level of all Hsps decreased in response to stress due to a 6 h journey. The decrease in Hsp levels in the myocardial cells may indicate that the transport stress may have overcharged the repair mechanisms of the cells. Whether this distinct depletion of Hsps contributes to an increased susceptibility to acute heart failure and the sudden death syndrome in transported pigs should be elucidated in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endong Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - K. R. Sultan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II: Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - B. Nowak
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hanover, Germany
| | - J. Hartung
- Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Behaviour of Farm Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17p, 30559 Hanover, Germany
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Li R, Mock R, Huang Q, Abad J, Hartung J, Kinard G. A reliable and inexpensive method of nucleic acid extraction for the PCR-based detection of diverse plant pathogens. J Virol Methods 2008; 154:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2008] [Revised: 09/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Li LA, Xia D, Wei S, Hartung J, Zhao RQ. Characterization of adrenal ACTH signaling pathway and steroidogenic enzymes in Erhualian and Pietrain pigs with different plasma cortisol levels. Steroids 2008; 73:806-14. [PMID: 18433813 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2007] [Revised: 03/07/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated significant difference in the basal plasma cortisol levels between Erhualian (EHL) and Pietrain (PIE) pigs, implicating fundamental breed difference in adrenocortical function. The objectives of the present study were therefore to characterize the expression pattern of proteins involved in adrenal ACTH signaling and, including melanocortin type 2 receptor (MC2R), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and phosphorylated CREB (pCREB), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), as well as that of the key enzymes involved in steroidogenesis in EHL and PIE pigs, in association with the plasma corticotrophin (ACTH) and cortisol levels. The plasma concentrations of the substrates for adrenal steroidogenesis, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, did not differ between breeds. Plasma concentration of ACTH and the adrenal contents of MC2R mRNA and protein were similar in two breeds of pigs, whereas the basal plasma concentrations of cortisol in EHL pigs were 1.5 folds higher than that in PIE pigs. The higher basal plasma cortisol levels in EHL pigs were found to be accompanied with the higher expression of ACTH post-receptor signaling components, cAMP, pCREB and StAR, as well as the higher expression of cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 (P450scc), 17alpha-hydroxylase cytochrome P450 (P450(17alpha)), 21-hydroxylase cytochrome P450 (P450c21) and 11beta-hydroxylase cytochrome P450 (P450(11beta)). These results indicated that the enhanced cAMP/PKA/pCREB-signaling system and augmented expression of StAR and steroidogenic enzymes are major attributes to the higher basal plasma cortisol concentrations in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-An Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
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Svoboda I, Fuess H, Hartung J. Lessons from a decade of X-ray crystallographic work on N-(hydroxy)thiazole-2(3 H)-thione derivatives. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308087291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Schwarzlose I, Gerdes U, Gerlach GF, Runge M, Thalmann G, Nöckler A, Klarmann D, Behr KP, Neumann U, Seedorf J, Hartung J, Jeske C. [Composting of poultry carcasses as an alternative method for disposal in case of an outbreak of an epizootic disease: first results]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 2008; 115:150-157. [PMID: 18500149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Composting of poultry carcasses represents an alternative method for disposal in case of an outbreak of an epizootic disease. Two composting experiments, each with a different construction of the compost pile, were carried out in a stable. In the first experiment two layers of turkey carcasses were formed. This compost pile covered with straw was directly built on the ground. In the second experiment no layers of carcasses were formed, and it was assembled on straw bales covered with plastic foil. One part of this compost pile was covered with straw, the other one was additionally covered with plastic foil. In the first experiment in the upper layers of the compost pile temperatures of up to 54.9 degrees C were reached and the decomposition of carcasses was very advanced with no soft tissues remaining after 30 days. In contrast temperatures of only 45.2 degrees C were reached in the lower layers and decomposition was far less advanced. This difference in decomposition was most likely caused by the temperature difference observed. In the second experiment the near complete decomposition seen in the upper layers of the compost pile at the first trial, was not achieved. Decomposition was more advanced in the straw covered part of this compost pile than in the part covered with straw and plastic foil. On the other hand, higher temperatures of up to 48.4 degrees C were measured in the lower layers of this compost pile most likely as a result of the increased heat insulation in particular to the ground.
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Moesta A, Briese A, Knierim U, Hartung J. [Behaviour of laying hens in aviaries--review. Part 2: Feeding behaviour, reproductive and dust bathing behaviour of chickens]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 2008; 115:4-14. [PMID: 18265752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This literature review gives information about important behaviour patterns concerning feeding, reproduction and dust bathing of laying hens kept in aviary systems. The behaviour of hens in aviaries is compared to the behaviour of hens living under "close to natural" conditions. Feeding behaviour can be performed to a great extent in aviaries. The same is true for nesting behaviour, while mating behaviour can only be shown in mixed flocks. Dust bathing behaviour in aviaries should be further investigated. Although a litter area is provided and therefore dust bathing is basically possible, further research is needed, to which amount dust bathing behaviour is performed and how it is influenced by composition and height of the dust bathing substrate. Feather pecking and cannibalism can cause more deaths in housing systems with large groups of birds than in cage systems. Considering these results and the results of a first paper dealing with social and resting behaviour, aviaries provide an environment, where hens can perform a large part of their species typical behaviour repertoire. Therefore, under the aspect of behaviour, for laying hens in aviaries the potential to experience good welfare can be evaluated as fairly high.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moesta
- Institut für Tierhygiene, Tierschutz und Nutztierethologie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover.
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Moesta A, Knierim U, Briese A, Hartung J. [Behaviour of laying hens in aviaries--review. Part 1: Social and resting behaviour of hens]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 2007; 114:444-453. [PMID: 18181358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This literature review gives information about important behaviour categories of laying hens kept in aviary systems. Based on current knowledge, the differences in behaviour of hens in aviaries compared to the behaviour of hens living under "close to natural" conditions are assessed quantitatively and qualitatively. The focus of this first review is put on resting and particularly on social behaviour. So far "optimal" group size for laying hens and consequences of oversized groups for the well-being of laying hens are unknown, thus, rendering further research necessary. Referring to the resting and social behaviour of laying hens, proposals for the design of the housing system aviary are given. A second part will deal with feeding, reproductive and dustbathing behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moesta
- Institut für Tierhygiene, Tierschutz und Nutztierethologie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover.
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