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Stevens J, Culberson E, Kinder J, Ramiriqui A, Gray J, Bonfield M, Shao TY, Al Gharabieh F, Peterson L, Steinmeyer S, Zacharias W, Pryhuber G, Paul O, Sengupta S, Alenghat T, Way SS, Deshmukh H. Microbiota-derived inosine programs protective CD8 + T cell responses against influenza in newborns. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.09.588427. [PMID: 38645130 PMCID: PMC11030415 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.588427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The immunological defects causing susceptibility to severe viral respiratory infections due to early-life dysbiosis remain ill-defined. Here, we show that influenza virus susceptibility in dysbiotic infant mice is caused by CD8+ T cell hyporesponsiveness and diminished persistence as tissue-resident memory cells. We describe a previously unknown role for nuclear factor interleukin 3 (NFIL3) in repression of memory differentiation of CD8+ T cells in dysbiotic mice involving epigenetic regulation of T cell factor 1 (TCF 1) expression. Pulmonary CD8+ T cells from dysbiotic human infants share these transcriptional signatures and functional phenotypes. Mechanistically, intestinal inosine was reduced in dysbiotic human infants and newborn mice, and inosine replacement reversed epigenetic dysregulation of Tcf7 and increased memory differentiation and responsiveness of pulmonary CD8+ T cells. Our data unveils new developmental layers controlling immune cell activation and identifies microbial metabolites that may be used therapeutically in the future to protect at-risk newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Erica Culberson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Jeremy Kinder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Infectious Disease, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Alicia Ramiriqui
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Jerilyn Gray
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Madeline Bonfield
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Tzu-Yu Shao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Infectious Disease, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Faris Al Gharabieh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Laura Peterson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Shelby Steinmeyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - William Zacharias
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Gloria Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, School of Medicine
| | - Oindrila Paul
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Shaon Sengupta
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Theresa Alenghat
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Sing Sing Way
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Infectious Disease, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Hitesh Deshmukh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
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Miller-Handley H, Kinder J, Pham G, Way SS. 46. Tacrolimus Increases Susceptibility to Secondary Infection in a Mouse Model. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020. [PMCID: PMC7776018 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa417.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transplant acceptance requires life-long pharmacological intervention that broadly suppresses recipients’ immunity in order to prevent rejection of foreign graft. In turn, non-specific immune-suppression in these patients is also associated with increased risk of infection from opportunistic pathogens. Currently our knowledge on the effects immune suppressive therapies on adaptive immune components response in patients is limited Methods To investigate this we established a mouse model of post-transplant immune suppression therapy, using tacrolimus. To dissect the effects of tacrolimus on infection susceptibility, tacrolimus-treated mice were infected with a virulent strain of recombinant Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) expressing model antigens. Infection with this transgenic strain of Lm transforms these model antigens into surrogate Lm antigens and allows tracking of pathogen-specific T-cells using MHC tetramer staining. Results Here we show, tacrolimus treatment triggered increased susceptibility to secondary, but not primary Lm infection with increased bacterial burden in the liver and spleen tissues. Increased susceptibility during secondary infection paralleled dampened functional activation of Lm-specific CD8+ T cells as indicated by diminished in vivo cytolytic activity. Interestingly, when tacrolimus treatment was initiated only during primary or during secondary infection susceptibility to infection was overturned as both groups of mice had lower bacterial burden in target tissues. This suggests that while tacrolimus treatment does not negatively impact primary immune response, it may dampen the formation of CD8+ T cell memory. Conclusion Further studies will investigate the long-term durability of blunted pathogen-specific memory and CTL activity triggered by tacrolimus treatment after cessation of therapy. These findings will allow more defined prediction of patient risk of infection allowing for a personalized prophylaxis regimen. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Miller-Handley
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jeremy Kinder
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Giang Pham
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sing Sing Way
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Yang L, Shivakumar P, Kinder J, Way SS, Donnelly B, Mourya R, Luo Z, Bezerra JA. Regulation of bile duct epithelial injury by hepatic CD71+ erythroid cells. JCI Insight 2020; 5:135751. [PMID: 32407296 PMCID: PMC7308060 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.135751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extramedullary hematopoietic cells are present in the liver of normal neonates in the first few days of life and persist in infants with biliary atresia. Based on a previous report that liver genes are enriched by erythroid pathways, we examined the liver gene expression pattern at diagnosis and found the top 5 enriched pathways are related to erythrocyte pathobiology in children who survived with the native liver beyond 2 years of age. Using immunostaining, anti-CD71 antibodies identified CD71+ erythroid cells among extramedullary hematopoietic cells in the livers at the time of diagnosis. In mechanistic experiments, the preemptive antibody depletion of hepatic CD71+ erythroid cells in neonatal mice rendered them resistant to rhesus rotavirus-induced (RRV-induced) biliary atresia. The depletion of CD71+ erythroid cells increased the number of effector lymphocytes and delayed the RRV infection of livers and extrahepatic bile ducts. In coculture experiments, CD71+ erythroid cells suppressed the activation of hepatic mononuclear cells. These data uncover an immunoregulatory role for CD71+ erythroid cells in the neonatal liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Pranavkumar Shivakumar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeremy Kinder
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Institute and
| | - Sing Sing Way
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Institute and
| | - Bryan Donnelly
- Division of Pediatric and Thoracic Surgery, CCHMC, Ohio, USA
| | - Reena Mourya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Zhenhua Luo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, China
| | - Jorge A. Bezerra
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Reuter B, Hutzler P, Kinder J. Optische Vorverarbeitung für die automatische Auswertung von zytologischen Präparaten. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2009. [DOI: 10.1515/bmte.1978.23.s1.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Although idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) is associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD), no studies to date have identified predictors of BMD change over an extended period of observation. We have studied change in femoral neck and spine BMD z-scores in men and women with IH and stone disease (IHSF) and their first-degree relatives in order to determine the predictive value of commonly made clinical measurements. Urine calcium excretion was inversely correlated with change in femoral neck z-score over 3 years, and marginally correlated with fall in spine z-score. Markers of bone turnover, serum calcitriol, and urine measurements of acid-base balance such as ammonium and sulfate had no predictive value, nor did calcium intake assessed using a well-established questionnaire. It would appear that IHSF with the highest 24-h urine calcium excretion rates are at highest risk for loss of femoral neck bone mineral over a 3-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Asplin
- Litholink Corporation, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
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Bozic KJ, Kinder J, Meneghini RM, Zurakowski D, Rosenberg AG, Galante JO. Implant survivorship and complication rates after total knee arthroplasty with a third-generation cemented system: 5 to 8 years followup. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2005:277. [PMID: 15930952 DOI: 10.1097/01.blo.0000165852.60201.1c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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8
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Bozic KJ, Kinder J, Meneghini RM, Menegini M, Zurakowski D, Rosenberg AG, Galante JO. Implant survivorship and complication rates after total knee arthroplasty with a third-generation cemented system: 5 to 8 years followup. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2005:117-24. [PMID: 15662312 DOI: 10.1097/01.blo.0000146539.23869.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluated implant survivorship, reoperation rates, and complication rates of a group of patients who had total knee arthroplasty with a third-generation cemented prosthetic device using cruciate-retaining and posterior-stabilized designs at 5 to 8 years followup. Three hundred thirty-four consecutive primary total knee arthroplasties (186 cruciate retaining and 148 posterior stabilized) were done in 287 patients at our institution during a 2-year period. Kaplan Meier survivorship using revision for any reason and revision for aseptic loosening as endpoints were 95.9% and 99.5% respectively at 8 years. Nine patients (four with cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasties, five with posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasties; 3.1%) had reoperations for any reason. No patients had reoperation for problems related to the patellofemoral joint. Thirty-two patients (11.1%) had intraoperative or postoperative complications. There were no differences in any of the outcomes analyzed between patients who had cruciate-retaining or posterior-stabilized total knee replacements. Our results show that with appropriate patient selection and meticulous attention to surgical technique, excellent clinical and radiographic results can be achieved with a third-generation total knee arthroplasty system at intermediate followup. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic study, Level III-2 (retrospective cohort study).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Bozic
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0728, USA.
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9
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Ho EL, Carayannopoulos LN, Poursine-Laurent J, Kinder J, Plougastel B, Smith HRC, Yokoyama WM. Costimulation of multiple NK cell activation receptors by NKG2D. J Immunol 2002; 169:3667-75. [PMID: 12244159 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.7.3667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The activation of NK cells is mediated through specific interactions between activation receptors and their respective ligands. Little is known, however, about whether costimulation, which has been well characterized for T cell activation, occurs in NK cells. To study the function of NKG2D, a potential NK costimulatory receptor, we have generated two novel hamster mAbs that recognize mouse NKG2D. FACS analyses demonstrate that mouse NKG2D is expressed on all C57BL/6 IL-2-activated NK (lymphokine-activated killer (LAK)) cells, all splenic and liver NK cells, and approximately 50% of splenic NKT cells. Consistent with limited polymorphism of NKG2D, its sequence is highly conserved, and the anti-NKG2D mAbs react with NK cells from a large number of different mouse strains. In chromium release assays, we show that stimulation of NK cells with anti-NKG2D mAb can redirect lysis. Also, enhanced lysis of transfected tumor targets expressing NKG2D ligand could be inhibited by addition of anti-NKG2D mAb. Interestingly, stimulation of LAK cells via NKG2D alone does not lead to cytokine release. However, stimulation of LAK via both an NK activation receptor (e.g., CD16, NK1.1, or Ly-49D) and NKG2D leads to augmentation of cytokine release compared with stimulation through the activation receptor alone. These results demonstrate that NKG2D has the ability to costimulate multiple NK activation receptors.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis
- Antibody Specificity
- CHO Cells
- Cell Line
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Drug Synergism
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred A
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Sequence Data
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/physiology
- Receptors, Natural Killer Cell
- Species Specificity
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Ho
- Division of Rheumatology/Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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10
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Abstract
NKG2D transmits stimulatory signals to natural killer cells and other hematopoietic cells, leading to enhanced proliferation, cytokine secretion and target killing. Murine and human NKG2D each recognize five known class I-related molecules with distinct primary structures. Here, we used surface plasmon resonance to examine the binding of murine NKG2D to its cognate ligands: RAE-1B6 (a newly described C57BL/6J variant of RAE-1), RAE-1 delta (common to BALB and C57BL6/J), and H60 (expressed in BALB, but not C57BL/6J). While RAE-1B6 and H60 display relatively high affinities for NKG2D with K(D) in the 20-30 nM range and k(off )in the 0.03s(-1) to 0.06s(-1) range (t(1/2) approximately 10-20s); the RAE-1 delta variant binds with a lower affinity: K(D) of approximately 750 nM. Furthermore, RAE-1 delta displays biphasic kinetics with dominant k(off) of approximately 0.2s(-1) (t(1/2) approximately 3s), partially explaining the lower affinity. Thus, H60 and RAE-1B6 bind NKG2D with almost identical kinetics while sharing only 20% amino acid sequence identity; whereas other RAE-1 molecules demonstrate faster dissociation and lower affinities than RAE-1B6 despite sharing 90% sequence identity. C57BL/6J mice, although not expressing the H60 gene product, retain a high-affinity ligand for NKG2D in the form of RAE-1B6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas N Carayannopoulos
- Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Zanella E, Lunstra D, Wise T, Kinder J, Ford J. Testicular morphology and function in boars differing in concentrations of plasma follicle-stimulating hormone. Biol Reprod 1999; 60:115-8. [PMID: 9858494 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod60.1.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate morphological characteristics and testicular function of boars with different endogenous concentrations of FSH. Boars were selected at 6 mo of age on the basis of mean FSH concentrations in plasma collected at 4, 5, and 6 mo of age. Boars were classified within half-sibling families based on whether they had high concentrations of FSH (HiFSH, > 500 ng/ml, n = 9) or low concentrations (LoFSH, < 500 ng/ml, n = 7). At 14.5 mo, testes were collected, fixed, sectioned at 1 microm, and evaluated for morphological characteristics. Boars with LoFSH had larger (p < 0.01) testicular and epididymal weights than boars with HiFSH, greater (p < 0.01) daily sperm production per gram of testis, and greater total daily sperm production per boar. Testes of boars with LoFSH had a greater (p < 0.03) volume percentage of seminiferous tubules, a lesser percentage (p < 0.03) of Leydig cells, and a somewhat lesser (p = 0.06) percentage of vascular structures than testes of boars with HiFSH. Testes of boars with LoFSH had greater (p < 0.01) total tubule volume and tubule length than testes of boars with HiFSH. There were no differences (p > 0.70) in volume, diameter, or total number of Leydig cells or in total interstitial volume in testes (p > 0.41) of these two groups. Production of testosterone in vitro per paired testis and per million Leydig cells was not different (p > 0.65) between boars with HiFSH or LoFSH. Greater concentrations of FSH in blood plasma were negatively associated with development of seminiferous tubules and spermatogenic efficiency, whereas Leydig cell development was not different in boars of these two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zanella
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0908, USA
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13
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Cavalieri J, Rubio I, Kinder J, Entwistle K, Fitzpatrick L. Synchronization of estrus and ovulation and associated endocrine changes in cows. Theriogenology 1997; 47:801-14. [PMID: 16728030 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(97)00036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/1996] [Accepted: 11/05/1996] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of 4 estrus synchronization treatments on intervals to and synchrony of estrus and ovulation, on timing of the preovulatory LH surge and associated changes in plasma progesterone, LH, FSH, and 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) were investigated in 48 Bos indicus cows. Treatment 1 consisted of 2 injections of PGF(2alpha) 14 d apart (n = 12); Treatment 2 of a subcutaneous 3-mg norgestomet implant and an intramuscular injection of 3 mg of norgestomet and 5 mg estradiol valerate, with the implant removed 10 d later (n = 12; norgestomet-estradiol); Treatment 3 of norgestomet-estradiol, with a subcutaneous injection of PMSG given at time of implant removal (Day 10; n = 12); and Treatment 4 of norgestomet implant (as for Treatments 2 and 3) inserted for 10 d, with an intramuscular injection of PGF(2alpha) given at the time of implant removal (n = 12). The experiment was conducted in 2 replicates (24 cows/replicate, 6 cows/group). Estrus, ovulation and timing of the preovulatory surge of LH varied less in cows treated with norgestomet-estradiol and PMSG than in cows in Treatments 1 and 4 (P < 0.008). Treatment with PMSG reduced variation in ovulation times and timing of the LH surge in cows treated with norgestomet-estradiol (P < 0.02). Concentrations of E(2) were higher in cows in Treatments 2 and 3 on the final day of treatment and at about 6 h post ovulation compared with cows in Treatments 1 and 4 (P < 0.05). Different methods for synchronizing estrus did not alter sequential endocrine and behavioral changes in relation to the timing of the LH peak, and the results were consistent with current recommendations for insemination times in Bos taurus cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cavalieri
- Department of Biomedical and Tropical Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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14
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Kinder J, Teare L, Rao M, Bridgman G, Kurian A. False contraindications to childhood immunization. Br J Gen Pract 1992; 42:160-1. [PMID: 1586553 PMCID: PMC1371895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An immunization advisory clinic was set up in mid-Essex in 1988 to provide a referral facility for professionals and parents who were unsure about the eligibility of certain children to receive immunization. This paper describes four typical cases. The history and management of each case are described and the fact that all the children were successfully immunized is highlighted. It is hoped that by sharing the experiences of the immunization advisory clinic with other professional staff, more positive decisions regarding immunizations will be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kinder
- Chelmsford Public Health Laboratory
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15
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Valentovic MA, Jeffrey W, Ball JG, Bailly D, Morenas M, Kinder J. Comparative studies of in vitro renal cephaloridine toxicity between normoglycemic and diabetic rats. J Appl Toxicol 1992; 12:19-24. [PMID: 1564248 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2550120106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated if the attenuation in cephaloridine toxicity associated with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes can be attributed to a direct cellular effect. Comparative studies examined the direct toxicity of cephaloridine 14 days after (35 mg kg-1, i.p.) STZ or vehicle injection of male Fischer 344 (F344) rats. In vitro cephaloridine toxicity was assessed by measuring lipid peroxidation, renal gluconeogenesis and organic ion accumulation in renal cortical slices. The in vitro toxicity of cephaloridine was reduced in the diabetic group since lipid peroxidation was not increased following a 120-min exposure to cephaloridine. This was in contrast to a concentration- and time-dependent increase in lipid peroxidation in renal tissue derived from normoglycemic animals pre-incubated with 0-5 mM cephaloridine. Renal gluconeogenesis was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner in the normoglycemic group following a 15-90-min exposure to 0-5 mM cephaloridine. Pyruvate-stimulated gluconeogenesis was diminished in the diabetic group only after a 90-min preincubation. Renal cortical slice accumulation of p-aminohippurate (PAH) and tetraethylammonium (TEA) was decreased in the normoglycemic group. Accumulation of TEA, but not PAH, was decreased (P less than 0.05) in the diabetic group. These results indicate that in vitro cephaloridine toxicity was attenuated by STZ-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Valentovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25755-9310
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16
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Stotts J, Stumpf T, Day M, Wolfe M, Wolfe P, Kittok R, Nielsen M, Deutscher G, Kinder J. Luteinizing hormone and progesterone concentrations in serum of heifers administered a short half-life prostaglandin (PGF2α) or long half-life prostaglandin analogue (fenprostalene) on days six or eleven of the estrous cycle. Theriogenology 1987; 28:523-9. [PMID: 16726335 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(87)90257-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/1986] [Accepted: 08/05/1987] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Two trials were conducted to measure the progesterone (P(4)) decline and luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in serum subsequent to administration of a short half-life (short t (1 2 )) prostaglandin (PGF(2alpha)) or a long half-life (long t (1 2 )) prostaglandin analogue (fenprostalene) on Days 6 or 11 of the estrous cycle. Twenty-five crossbred Shorthorn and five Hereford heifers with a mean weight of 331.4 +/- 29.8 kg were used in both trials. The heifers were randomly allotted to receive either a short t (1 2 ) or long t (1 2 ) prostaglandin treatment on Day 6 or 11 of the estrous cycle. A crossover design for the main effect, treatment (type of prostaglandin), was conducted. Heifers that received PGF(2alpha) in Trial I were given fenprostalene in Trial II and vice versa. Stage of the estrous cycle (day) was the same for each heifer in both trials. Stage of estrous cycle was standardized to either Day 6 or 11 by administering Syncro-Mate B (SMB). Blood was collected every hour for 80 h post injection to quantify LH and P(4) concentrations. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the short t (1 2 ) or long t (1 2 ) for either P(4) or LH profiles. In addition, no differences were detected between stages of the estrous cycle for the timing of the preovulatory surge of LH after prostaglandin administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stotts
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska Lincoln, NE 68583-0908 USA
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Kratzer MA, Kinder J. Streamline pattern and velocity components of flow in a model of a branching coronary vessel--possible functional implication for the development of localized platelet deposition in vitro. Microvasc Res 1986; 31:250-65. [PMID: 3702772 DOI: 10.1016/0026-2862(86)90038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A simplified model of the left descending coronary artery was perfused with a suspension of tungstic acid particles in dimethyl sulfoxide/water solution. To visualize the streamline pattern within the main tube, flow was illuminated with laser light using the dark field technique. Moving particles appeared as points, or, when illuminated with pulsating light, as a series of points. They were photographed and evaluated with respect to the velocity vector normal (vl) and parallel (v =) to the vessel wall. Wall shear stress (tw) was calculated from (v =) and fluid viscosity. At Reynolds (Re) numbers comparable to the in vivo situation, defined flow disturbances were observed in the main tube: (i) Separation of the flow on the wall facing the opening of the side branch and (ii) development of a stagnation point flow at defined locations. Comparison of our results with experiments using platelet suspensions, allowed those hydrodynamic conditions to be determined which are responsible for the deposition of platelet microthrombi in vitro. These conditions were identified as being positive velocity components toward the wall (vl greater than 0).
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Baldauf W, Wurzinger LJ, Kinder J. The role of stagnation point flow in the formation of platelet thrombi on glass surfaces in tubes with various geometry. Pathol Res Pract 1978; 163:9-33. [PMID: 704487 DOI: 10.1016/s0344-0338(78)80107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Stettmaier K, Kinder J, Vahl J, Reinhardt KJ. [Thermic behavior of dental enamel, dentin and selected dental materials]. Dtsch Zahnarztl Z 1978; 33:474-6. [PMID: 276462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The linear coefficient of expansion of enamel, dentin as well as selected dental working materials is estimated by means of holographic-interferometric measurements. A good correlation was found between hard dental texture and a phosphate glass envisaged for use with lasers. The possible effects of the greatly increased coefficient of expansion of tested composites is discussed.
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Maxwell P, Linss M, McDonnough P, Kinder J. Silver nitrate treatment of burns. Routines on the burn ward. Am J Nurs 1966; 66:522-5. [PMID: 5175290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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