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Kim WK, Son YS, Lim JH, Kim WH, Kang BJ. Neural stem/progenitor cells from adult canine cervical spinal cord have the potential to differentiate into neural lineage cells. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:193. [PMID: 37803301 PMCID: PMC10557334 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03757-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND • Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) are multipotent self-renewing cells that can be isolated from the brain or spinal cord. As they need to be isolated from neural tissues, it is difficult to study human NSPCs. To facilitate NSPC research, we attempted to isolate NSPCs from dogs, as dogs share the environment and having many similar diseases with humans. We collected and established primary cultures of ependymal and subependymal cells from the central canal of the cervical spinal cord of adult dogs. To isolate pure NSPCs, we employed the monolayer culture and selective medium culture methods. We further tested the ability of the NSPCs to form neurospheres (using the suspension culture method) and evaluated their differentiation potential. RESULTS • The cells had the ability to grow as cultures for up to 10 passages; the growth curves of the cells at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th passages showed similar patterns. The NSPCs were able to grow as neurospheres as well as monolayers, and immunostaining at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th passages showed that these cells expressed NSPC markers such as nestin and SOX2 (immunofluorescent staining). Monolayer cultures of NSPCs at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th passages were cultured for approximately 14 days using a differentiation medium and were observed to successfully differentiate into neural lineage and glial cells (astrocytes, neurons, and oligodendrocytes) at all the three passages tested. CONCLUSION • It is feasible to isolate and propagate (up to at least 10 passages) canine cervical spinal cord-derived NSPCs with the capacity to differentiate into neuronal and glial cells. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study to successfully isolate, propagate, and differentiate canine NSPCs derived from cervical spinal cord in the adult canine, and we believe that these cells will contribute to the field of spinal cord regeneration in veterinary and comparative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Keyoung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
- BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Yeon Sung Son
- Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hey Lim
- Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211, USA
| | - Wan Hee Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Byung-Jae Kang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
- BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Argunova TS, Kohn VG, Lim JH, Gudkina ZV, Nazarova ED. Computer simulations of X-ray phase-contrast images and microtomographic observation of tubules in dentin. J Synchrotron Radiat 2020; 27:462-467. [PMID: 32153285 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519016503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An investigation of the problems of X-ray imaging of dentinal tubules is presented. Two main points are addressed. In the first part of this paper, the problem of computer simulating tubule images recorded in a coherent synchrotron radiation (SR) beam has been discussed. A phantom material which involved a two-dimensional lattice of the tubules with parameters similar to those of dentin was considered. By a comparative examination of two approximations, it was found that the method of phase-contrast imaging is valid if the number of tubules along the beam is less than 100. Calculated images from a lattice of 50 × 50 tubules are periodic in free space but depend strongly on the distance between the specimen and the detector. In the second part, SR microtomographic experiments with millimetre-sized dentin samples in a partially coherent beam have been described. Tomograms were reconstructed from experimental projections using a technique for incoherent radiation. The main result of this part is the three-dimensional rendering of the directions of the tubules in a volume of the samples. Generation of the directions is possible because a tomogram shows the positions of the tubules. However, a detailed tubule cross-section structure cannot be restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Argunova
- Ioffe Institute RAS, Polytekhnicheskaya St 26, 194021 St Petersburg, Russia
| | - V G Kohn
- National Research Centre `Kurchatov Institute', 1 Kurchatov Sq., Moscow, Russia
| | - J H Lim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigokro-127-beongil, Namku, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Z V Gudkina
- Ioffe Institute RAS, Polytekhnicheskaya St 26, 194021 St Petersburg, Russia
| | - E D Nazarova
- Ioffe Institute RAS, Polytekhnicheskaya St 26, 194021 St Petersburg, Russia
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Olby NJ, Lim JH, Wagner N, Zidan N, Early PJ, Mariani CL, Muñana KR, Laber E. Time course and prognostic value of serum GFAP, pNFH, and S100β concentrations in dogs with complete spinal cord injury because of intervertebral disc extrusion. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 33:726-734. [PMID: 30758078 PMCID: PMC6430936 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A noninvasive biomarker is needed to predict recovery from severe spinal cord injury (SCI) because of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (TL‐IVDE). Proteins released from neural and glial cells can be detected in the blood and show promise as prognostic tools, but their concentration is influenced by time after injury. Hypothesis/Objectives Serum concentrations of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNFH), and S100β will follow different time courses; measurement of combinations of these proteins will predict outcome. Animals Thirty‐one dogs with TL‐IVDE causing paralysis with no pain perception. Methods Prospective study. Serum samples were taken at presentation and intervals over 56 days and banked at −80°C. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, pNFH, and S100β concentrations were measured using ELISA tests and plotted against time from onset of nonambulatory status. Outcome was established at 6 months. The association between biomarker concentration and outcome was examined using logistic regression, receiver operator characteristics curve analysis, and model development. Results Thirty‐one dogs participated, 3/31 (10%) developed progressive myelomalacia and 19/31 (62%) recovered ambulation. Glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100β concentrations rose for the first 1 to 3 days, and were undetectable by 14 and 28 days, respectively. Phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain concentrations peaked at 14 days and were detectable at 56 days. Glial fibrillary acidic protein concentrations in the first 72 hours after onset of nonambulatory status predicted recovery with an accuracy of 76.7%‐89% depending on sample timing. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Serum GFAP concentrations can be used to predict outcome in clinically complete SCI. A rapid inexpensive bedside test is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha J Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ji-Hey Lim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Nikki Wagner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Natalia Zidan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Peter J Early
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Christopher L Mariani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Karen R Muñana
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Eric Laber
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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Lim JH, Koh S, Thomas R, Breen M, Olby NJ. Evaluation of gene expression and DNA copy number profiles of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells and consecutive neurosphere-like cells generated from dogs with naturally occurring spinal cord injury. Am J Vet Res 2017; 78:371-380. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.78.3.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lim JH, Olby NJ. Generation of pure cultures of autologous Schwann cells by use of biopsy specimens of the dorsal cutaneous branches of the cervical nerves of young adult dogs. Am J Vet Res 2017; 77:1166-74. [PMID: 27668589 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.77.10.1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify an optimal technique for isolation, purification, and amplification of Schwann cells (SCs) from biopsy specimens of the dorsal cutaneous branches of the cervical nerves of dogs. SAMPLE Biopsy specimens of dorsal cervical cutaneous nerves from the cadavers of three 1- to 2-year-old dogs. PROCEDURES Nerve specimens were dissected, predegenerated, and dissociated to isolate single cells. After culture to enhance SC growth, cells were immunopurified by use of magnetic beads. Cell purity was evaluated by assessing expression of cell surface antigens p75 (to detect SCs) and CD90 (to detect fibroblasts). Effects of various concentrations of recombinant human glial growth factor 2 (rhGGF2) on SC proliferation were tested. Cell doubling time was assessed in SC cultures with selected concentrations of rhGGF2. RESULTS Mean ± SD wet weight of nerve fascicles obtained from the biopsy specimens was 16.8 ± 2.8 mg. A mean predegeneration period of 8.6 days yielded approximately 6,000 cells/mg of nerve tissue, and primary culture yielded 43,000 cells/mg of nerve tissue in a mean of 11 days, of which 39.9 ± 9.1% expressed p75. Immunopurification with magnetic beads yielded a mean of 85.4 ± 1.9% p75-positive cells. Two passages of subculture with 10μM cytosine arabinoside further enhanced SC purity to a mean of 97.8 ± 1.2% p75-positive cells. Finally, rhGGF2 supplementation at a range of 40 to 100 ng/mL increased the SC proliferation rate up to 3-fold. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE SCs could be cultured from biopsy specimens of dorsal cervical cutaneous nerves and purified and expanded to generate adequate numbers for autologous transplants to treat dogs with spinal cord and peripheral nerve injuries.
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Kim EJ, Choi EH, Kim NJ, Oh BR, Lim JH. The effect of surveillance program for surgical site infection of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery for 5 years: a prospective study in a tertiary hospital in Korea. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2015. [PMCID: PMC4474658 DOI: 10.1186/2047-2994-4-s1-p76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kim SH, Chong JU, Lim JH, Choi GH, Kang CM, Choi JS, Lee WJ, Kim KS. Optimal assessment of lymph node status in gallbladder cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 42:205-10. [PMID: 26614023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node (LN) metastasis is an important prognostic factor in gallbladder cancer (GBCA). LN status has been adopted as a critical element of staging systems. However, the influence of total lymph node count (TLNC) remains unclear. We determined the optimal minimum TLNC and compared the prognostic significance of LN status indices in GBCA. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 128 patients with T2 or greater GBCA who underwent LN dissection. We analyzed overall survival (OS) and relevance of the number of metastatic LNs, ratio of metastatic LNs to retrieved LNs (LNR), and TLNC in predicting OS. RESULTS The median OS durations were 120, 35, and 18 months in T2, T3, and T4 GBCA. Five-year OS rates were 73%, 43%, and 0% in T2, T3, and T4 GBCA. LN status did not significantly impact OS in T2 or T4 GBCA. However, all LN indices were significantly correlated with OS in T3 GBCA. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that a metastatic LN count of more than four and a TLNC of more than eight were independent prognostic factors of OS in T3 GBCA. CONCLUSIONS TLNC and the number of positive LNs may be more important prognostic factors than LNR in T3 GBCA. Additionally, accurate staging may not be achieved in cases of T3 GBCA if the total number of retrieved LNs is less than eight. Thus, to ensure proper staging, we recommend that surgeons harvest more than eight LNs in patients with T3 GBCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - J U Chong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - G H Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C M Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lim JH, Muguet-Chanoit AC, Smith DT, Laber E, Olby NJ. Potassium channel antagonists 4-aminopyridine and the T-butyl carbamate derivative of 4-aminopyridine improve hind limb function in chronically non-ambulatory dogs; a blinded, placebo-controlled trial. PLoS One 2014; 9:e116139. [PMID: 25551385 PMCID: PMC4281252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
4-Aminopyridine (4-AP) blocks voltage gated potassium channels, restoring conduction to demyelinated axons and improving function in demyelinating conditions, but its use is associated with adverse effects and benefit in spinal cord injury is limited. Derivatives of 4-AP have been developed to improve clinical efficacy while reducing toxicity. We compared the therapeutic effects of orally administered 4-AP and its t-butyl carbamate derivative (t-butyl) with placebo in dogs that had suffered an acute spinal cord injury that left them chronically paralyzed. Nineteen dogs were entered into the trial, conducted in two-week treatment blocks starting with placebo, followed by random assignment to 4-AP or t-butyl, a washout and then the opposite medication followed by placebo. Investigators and owners were blinded to treatment group. Primary outcome measures included open field gait score (OFS), and treadmill based stepping score and regularity index, with additional secondary measures also considered. Thirteen of 19 dogs completed the protocol. Two were euthanized due to unrelated heath problems, two developed side effects and two were unable to complete for unrelated reasons. Dogs showed significant improvement in supported stepping score (from 17.39 to 37.24% with 4-AP; 16.85 to 29.18% with t-butyl p<0.0001) and OFS (from 3.63 to 4.73 with 4-AP; 3.78 to 4.45 with t-butyl, p = 0.005). Response was individually variable and most dramatic in three dogs that were able to walk without support with treatment. No significant difference was found between 4-AP and t-butyl. No adverse effects were reported with t-butyl but gastrointestinal upset and seizures were observed in two dogs with 4-AP. In conclusion, both 4-AP and t-butyl significantly improved supported stepping ability in dogs with chronic spinal cord injury with no adverse effects noted with t-butyl. Drug response varied widely between individuals, highlighting the need to understand the factors that influence canine and human patients' response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hey Lim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Audrey C. Muguet-Chanoit
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Daniel T. Smith
- Department Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Eric Laber
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Natasha J. Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Guan D, Lim JH, Peng L, Liu Y, Lam M, Seto E, Kao HY. Deacetylation of the tumor suppressor protein PML regulates hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1340. [PMID: 25032863 PMCID: PMC4123062 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) is a tumor suppressor that is expressed at a low level in various cancers. Although post-translational modifications including SUMOylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination have been found to regulate the stability or activity of PML, little is known about the role of its acetylation in the control of cell survival. Here we demonstrate that acetylation of lysine 487 (K487) and SUMO1 conjugation of K490 at PML protein are mutually exclusive. We found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) promotes PML deacetylation and identified SIRT1 and SIRT5 as PML deacetylases. Both SIRT1 and SIRT5 are required for H2O2-mediated deacetylation of PML and accumulation of nuclear PML protein in HeLa cells. Knockdown of SIRT1 reduces the number of H2O2-induced PML-nuclear bodies (NBs) and increases the survival of HeLa cells. Ectopic expression of wild-type PML but not the K487R mutant rescues H2O2-induced cell death in SIRT1 knockdown cells. Furthermore, ectopic expression of wild-type SIRT5 but not a catalytic defective mutant can also restore H2O2-induced cell death in SIRT1 knockdown cells. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism in which SIRT1/SIRT5-mediated PML deacetylation plays a role in the regulation of cancer cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Guan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J H Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - L Peng
- H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M Lam
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - E Seto
- H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - H-Y Kao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Olby NJ, Lim JH, Babb K, Bach K, Domaracki C, Williams K, Griffith E, Harris T, Muguet-Chanoit A. Gait scoring in dogs with thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries when walking on a treadmill. BMC Vet Res 2014; 10:58. [PMID: 24597771 PMCID: PMC3996037 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An inexpensive method of generating continuous data on hind limb function in dogs with spinal cord injury is needed to facilitate multicentre clinical trials. This study aimed to define normal fore limb, hind limb coordination in dogs walking on a treadmill and then to determine whether reliable data could be generated on the frequency of hind limb stepping and the frequency of coordinated stepping in dogs with a wide range of severities of thoracolumbar spinal cord injury. RESULTS Sixty-nine neurologically normal dogs of different body sizes including seven lame dogs were videotaped walking on the treadmill without prior training and all used the lateral gait of right fore, left hind, left fore, right hind (RF-LH-LF-RH). Severely paraparetic dogs were able to walk on the treadmill for a minimum of 75 seconds, scoring of which generated data representative of function in animals with extremely variable gaits. Fifty consecutive stepping cycles were scored by three observers in 18 dogs with a wide range of disability due to acute thoracolumbar spinal cord injury using a stepping score (hind limb steps/fore limb steps ×100), and a coordination score (coordinated hind limb steps/total hind limb steps ×100). Dogs were also scored using a previously validated ordinal open field score (OFS). Inter- and intraobserver agreement was high as assessed with Cronbach's alpha test for internal reliability. The stepping and coordination scores were significantly correlated to each other and to the OFS. CONCLUSIONS Dogs with naturally occurring spinal cord injury can walk on a treadmill without prior training and their hind limb function can be scored reliably using a stepping score and coordination score. The only requirements for data acquisition are a treadmill and appropriately positioned video camera and so the system can be used in multicentre clinical trials to generate continuous data on neurologic recovery in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha J Olby
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
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Kim SB, Tsang J, Kim TY, Yap YS, Cornelio G, Gong G, Paik S, Lee S, Ng TY, Park S, Oh HS, Yau T, Lee SH, Lim JH, Choi YJ, Lee EM, Park KH, Do IG, Yeoh EM, Ro J. Abstract P4-12-28: HER2-related biomarkers in HER2+ breast cancer patients in Asia Pacific. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p4-12-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent findings suggest that HER2-related molecular markers such as PTEN deletion or downregulation, PIK3CA mutation, truncated HER2 receptor (p95HER2), and tumor HER2 mRNA levels, have the potential to predict anti-HER2 treatment response. We evaluated the distribution of these biomarkers at the time of primary diagnosis and their relationship to responsiveness to lapatinib treatment in the metastatic setting in HER2+ breast cancer patients.
We conducted an observational study of female HER2+ breast cancer patients who were initiated on lapatinib treatment following recurrence or metastases in five Asia Pacific countries. Patients were enrolled between August 2010 and December 2012. Eligible patients had a tumor biopsy specimen available from their primary breast cancer diagnosis or before they started on any anti-HER2 treatment, had not been exposed to more than two lines of anti-HER2 treatment in the metastatic setting or other experimental anti-HER2 treatment, and had no other primary tumor. Biomarkers levels at primary diagnosis were measured; PTEN levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry and PIK3CA mutations were detected by a mass spectroscopy-based approach. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) from the initiation of first lapatinib-based regimen given in metastatic setting to disease progression from that regimen or death from any cause. PFS analysis was conducted with a data cut-off date of 31 December 2012.
A total of 162 patients were included in this study and 96% have confirmed HER2+ breast cancer primary tumor. The mean age was 52±10 years and 97% had metastases at study entry, with bone being the most common site of metastasis (48%). About a quarter had PTEN protein loss (24%), 30% had PIK3CA mutation, and 7% had both at primary diagnosis. No significant association was observed between both biomarkers or between each biomarker and estrogen receptor status or HER2 status.
Table 1. Relationship between PTEN and PIK3CA PIK3CA mutation, n (%)PIK3CA wild-type, n (%)p-valuePTEN status 0.674Loss11 (29)27 (71) Normal33 (33)68 (67)
Patients with altered PTEN expression, or PIK3CA mutation showed comparable PFS with lapatinib-based treatment as those with normal PTEN or PIK3CA expression at analysis cut-off date (median PFS 7.5 and 8.5 months respectively vs. 8.9 and 9.0 months respectively; p = 0.502 and p = 0.268 respectively). There remained no significant difference in PFS after having adjusted for significant confounders (HR 1.2 and 1.1 respectively; 95% CI 0.7–1.9 and 0.7–1.8 respectively; p = 0.481 and p = 0.730 respectively). The distribution of p95HER2 expression and tumor HER mRNA levels and their association with PFS will be included at the time of presentation.
Our preliminary findings suggest that PTEN alteration, or PIK3CA mutation may not be predictive of clinical response to lapatinib treatment in HER2+ breast cancer patients. The final PFS results with additional markers will provide more clues regarding their relationship to treatment response.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P4-12-28.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-B Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - J Tsang
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - T-Y Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - YS Yap
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - G Cornelio
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - G Gong
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - S Paik
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - T-Y Ng
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - S Park
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - H-S Oh
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - T Yau
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - SH Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - JH Lim
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - Y-J Choi
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - EM Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - K-H Park
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - I-G Do
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - E-M Yeoh
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
| | - J Ro
- Asan Medical Center, Korea; Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul National University Hospital, Korea; National Cancer Center, Singapore; San Juan De Dios Hospital, Philippines; Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea; Dong-A University Medical Centre, Korea; Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Korea; GangNeung Asan Hospital, Korea; Yonsei University Medical Centre, Korea; Inha University Hospital, Korea; Pusan National University Hospital, Korea; Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Korea; GlaxoSmithKline Pte Ltd, Singapore; National Cancer Center, Korea
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12
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Lim JH, McCullen SD, Piedrahita JA, Loboa EG, Olby NJ. Alternating current electric fields of varying frequencies: effects on proliferation and differentiation of porcine neural progenitor cells. Cell Reprogram 2013; 15:405-12. [PMID: 23961767 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2013.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of sinusoidal electric fields (EFs) has been observed to affect cellular processes, including alignment, proliferation, and differentiation. In the present study, we applied low-frequency alternating current (AC) EFs to porcine neural progenitor cells (pNPCs) and investigated the effects on cell patterning, proliferation, and differentiation. pNPCs were grown directly on interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) localizing the EFs to a region accessible visually for fluorescence-based assays. Cultures of pNPCs were exposed to EFs (1 V/cm) of 1 Hz, 10 Hz, and 50 Hz for 3, 7, and 14 days and compared to control cultures. Immunocytochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of neural markers. pNPCs grew uniformly with no evidence of alignment to the EFs and no change in cell numbers when compared with controls. Nestin expression was shown in all groups at 3 and 7 days, but not at 14 days. NG2 expression was low in all groups. Co-expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and TUJ1 was significantly higher in the cultures exposed to 10- and 50-Hz EFs than the controls. In summary, sinusoidal AC EFs via IDEs did not alter the alignment and proliferation of pNPCs, but higher frequency stimulation appeared to delay differentiation into mature astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hey Lim
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC, 27607
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13
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Ahmad Rather I, Seo BJ, Rejish Kumar VJ, Choi UH, Choi KH, Lim JH, Park YH. Isolation and characterization of a proteinaceous antifungal compound from Lactobacillus plantarum YML007 and its application as a food preservative. Lett Appl Microbiol 2013; 57:69-76. [PMID: 23565693 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Korean kimchi is known for its myriad of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with diverse bioactive compounds. This study was undertaken to isolate an efficient antifungal LAB strain among the isolated kimchi LABs. One thousand and four hundred LABs isolated from different kimchi samples were initially screened against Aspergillus niger. The strain exhibiting the highest antifungal activity was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum YML007 by 16S rRNA sequencing and biochemical assays using API 50 CHL kit. Lact. plantarum YML007 was further screened against Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and other pathogenic bacteria. The morphological changes during the inhibition were assessed by scanning electron microscopy. Preliminary studies on the antifungal compound demonstrated its proteinaceous nature with a molecular weight of 1256·617 Da, analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). The biopreservative activity of Lact. plantarum YML007 was evaluated using dried soybeans. Spores of A. niger were observed in the negative control after 15 days of incubation. However, fungal growth was not observed in the soybeans treated with fivefold concentrated cell-free supernatant of Lact. plantarum YML007. The broad activity of Lact. plantarum YML007 against various food spoilage moulds and bacteria suggests its scope as a food preservative. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY After screening 1400 kimchi bacterial isolates, strain Lactobacillus plantarum YML007 was selected with strong antifungal activity against various foodborne pathogens. From the preliminary studies, it was found that the bioactive compound is a low molecular weight novel protein of 1256·617 Da. Biopreservative potential of Lact. plantarum YML007 was demonstrated on soybean grains, and the results point out YML007 as a potent biopreservative having broad antimicrobial activity against various foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ahmad Rather
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea
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14
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Rhee CK, Yoo KH, Lee JH, Park MJ, Kim WJ, Park YB, Hwang YI, Kim YS, Jung JY, Moon JY, Rhee YK, Park HK, Lim JH, Park HY, Lee SW, Kim YH, Lee SH, Yoon HK, Kim JW, Kim JS, Kim YK, Oh YM, Lee SD, Kim HJ. Clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis-destroyed lung. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:67-75. [PMID: 23232006 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Multicentre study. OBJECTIVE To define the clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) destroyed lung due to past TB. DESIGN We reviewed patients with TB-destroyed lung between May 2005 and June 2011. RESULTS A total of 595 patients from 21 hospitals were enrolled. The mean age was 65.63 ± 0.47 (mean ± standard error); 60.5% were male. The mean number of lobes involved was 2.59 ± 0.05. Pleural thickening was observed in 54.1% of the patients. Mean forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), FEV(1)/FVC, bronchodilator response and number of exacerbations per year were respectively 2.06 ± 0.03 l (61.26% ± 0.79), 1.16 ± 0.02 l (49.05% ± 0.84), 58.03% ± 0.70, 5.70% ± 0.34, and 0.40 ± 0.04. The number of lobes involved was significantly correlated with FVC and FEV(1), and with the number of exacerbations per year. Use of long-acting muscarinic antagonists or long-acting beta-2 agonists plus inhaled corticosteroids resulted in bronchodilatory effects. Multivariable regression analysis showed that age, initial FEV(1) (%) and number of exacerbations during follow-up were independent factors affecting change in FEV(1). CONCLUSION Decreased lung function with exacerbation, and progressive decline of FEV(1) were observed in patients with TB-destroyed lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Lee DS, Kim YS, Lee CG, Lim JH, Suh CO, Kim HJ, Cho J. Early volumetric change and treatment outcome of metastatic brain tumors after external beam radiotherapy: differential radiotherapy for brain metastasis. Clin Transl Oncol 2013; 15:889-96. [PMID: 23408041 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-013-1016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the treatment outcomes of low-dose whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT)-based differential radiation therapy (RT) for metastatic brain tumors. METHODS A total of 242 targets (metastatic brain lesions) were analyzed in the present study. Median WBRT dose and number of fractions were 25 (range 25-35) Gy and 10 (range 8-15) fractions, respectively. A median normalized total dose (NTD) of 1.8 Gy (NTD(1.8Gy)) to the metastatic lesion was 45 (range 27-64.8) Gy. We numbered and contoured each metastatic lesion sequentially using computed tomography fused with serial magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate volumetric changes. RESULTS The 6-month and 1-year freedom from remote intracranial failure rates were 87.7 and 58.5 %, respectively. The 6-month actuarial local control (LC) rate was 93.4 %. Tumor diameter was a major determinant for LC, and tumor histology was a significant parameter predicting the volume reduction rate. With overall complete response (CR) rate of 56.6 % after RT, CR rate, if the target was more than 1 cm in size, was 25 % with a median NTD(1.8Gy) of 45 Gy, requiring dose escalation to achieve better target regression. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose WBRT with selective boost was feasible and effective. Our results pose the rationale of future trial of differential radiation therapy (RT), which prescribes different radiation dose according to the tumor density in metastatic brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea
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Kim MY, Lim JH, Youn HH, Hong YA, Yang KS, Park HS, Chung S, Ko SH, Shin SJ, Choi BS, Kim HW, Kim YS, Lee JH, Chang YS, Park CW. Resveratrol prevents renal lipotoxicity and inhibits mesangial cell glucotoxicity in a manner dependent on the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC1α axis in db/db mice. Diabetologia 2013; 56:204-17. [PMID: 23090186 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Many of the effects of resveratrol are consistent with the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent information regulator T1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), which play key roles in the regulation of lipid and glucose homeostasis, and in the control of oxidative stress. We investigated whether resveratrol has protective effects on the kidney in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Four groups of male C57BLKS/J db/m and db/db mice were used in this study. Resveratrol was administered via gavage to diabetic and non-diabetic mice, starting at 8 weeks of age, for 12 weeks. RESULTS The db/db mice treated with resveratrol had decreased albuminuria. Resveratrol ameliorated glomerular matrix expansion and inflammation. Resveratrol also lowered the NEFA and triacylglycerol content of the kidney, and this action was related to increases in the phosphorylation of AMPK and the activation of SIRT1-PGC-1α signalling and of the key downstream effectors, the PPARα-oestrogen-related receptor (ERR)-1α-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1). Furthermore, resveratrol decreased the activity of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)-Akt phosphorylation and class O forkhead box (FOXO)3a phosphorylation, which resulted in a decrease in B cell leukaemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL-2)-associated X protein (BAX) and increases in BCL-2, superoxide dismutase (SOD)1 and SOD2 production. Consequently, resveratrol reversed the increase in renal apoptotic cells and oxidative stress, as reflected by renal 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), urinary 8-OH-dG and isoprostane concentrations. Resveratrol prevented high-glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in cultured mesangial cells through the phosphorylation of AMPK and activation of SIRT1-PGC-1α signalling and the downstream effectors, PPARα-ERR-1α-SREBP1. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The results suggest that resveratrol prevents diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice by the phosphorylation of AMPK and activation of SIRT1-PGC-1α signalling, which appear to prevent lipotoxicity-related apoptosis and oxidative stress in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, #505, Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul 137-040, Republic of Korea
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17
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Lim JH, Koh S, Olby NJ, Piedrahita J, Mariani CL. Isolation and characterization of neural progenitor cells from adult canine brains. Am J Vet Res 2012; 73:1963-8. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.73.12.1963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Koh S, Thomas R, Tsai S, Bischoff S, Lim JH, Breen M, Olby NJ, Piedrahita JA. Growth requirements and chromosomal instability of induced pluripotent stem cells generated from adult canine fibroblasts. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 22:951-63. [PMID: 23016947 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In mice and humans, it has been shown that embryonic and adult fibroblasts can be reprogrammed into pluripotency by introducing 4 transcription factors, Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2, and c-Myc (OKSM). Here, we report the derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from adult canine fibroblasts by retroviral OKSM transduction. The isolated canine iPSCs (ciPSCs) were expanded in 3 different culture media [fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), or FGF2 plus LIF]. Cells cultured in both FGF2 and LIF expressed pluripotency markers [POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NANOG, and LIN28] and embryonic stem cell (ESC)-specific genes (PODXL, DPPA5, FGF5, REX1, and LAMP1) and showed strong levels of alkaline phosphatase expression. In vitro differentiation by formation of embryoid bodies and by directed differentiation generated cell derivatives of all 3 germ layers as confirmed by mRNA and protein expression. In vivo, the ciPSCs created solid tumors, which failed to reach epithelial structure formation, but expressed markers for all 3 germ layers. Array comparative genomic hybridization and chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses revealed that while retroviral transduction per se did not result in significant DNA copy number imbalance, there was evidence for the emergence of low-level aneuploidy during prolonged culture or tumor formation. In summary, we were able to derive ciPSCs from adult fibroblasts by using 4 transcription factors. The isolated iPSCs have similar characteristics to ESCs from other species, but the exact cellular mechanisms behind their unique co-dependency on both FGF2 and LIF are still unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehwon Koh
- Genomics Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
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Nam TW, Cho JM, Kim SI, Kim SH, Lim JH. Preliminary study for gait phases detection to develop a rehabilitation equipment for hemiplegic patients. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2005:2425-8. [PMID: 17282727 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary experiment for analyzing weight shift during gait phases for hemiplegic patients was carried out to develop rehabilitation equipment. A gait phase detection system using pressure sensors was developed and the experiment was carried out for eight hemiplegic patients and normal adult. The weight shift during gait phases for a normal adult showed symmetrical for left and right footing phase, but that for the hemiplegic patients showed asymmetrical footing phase. However, it gave sufficient information to discriminate between left and right footing phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Nam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Kimhae, 621-749 Korea
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20
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Muguet-Chanoit AC, Olby NJ, Babb KM, Lim JH, Gallagher R, Niman Z, Dillard S, Campbell J. The sensory field and repeatability of the cutaneous trunci muscle reflex of the dog. Vet Surg 2012; 40:781-5. [PMID: 22319776 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2011.00888.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the cutaneous trunci muscle (CTM) reflex in dogs. STUDY DESIGN Prospective descriptive study. ANIMALS Normal dogs (n = 155) and 10 dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathies. METHODS The CTM reflex caudal border was assessed from the ilial crests moving cranially until a CTM contraction was elicited. The lateral borders were evaluated at 4 levels and the distance from the midline to the lateral border was expressed asa percentage of the trunk hemicircumference. The caudal border was assessed in 10 dogs with myelopathies by 4 different observers and by 1 observer on 3 occasions;the inter- and intraobserver kappa coefficient was calculated. RESULTS The CTM reflex was elicited in all dogs. Its caudal border was at L5 or L6 in 153 dogs and at L1 and L3 in 2 dogs. The lateral field of the reflex occupied>50%of the hemicircumference of the trunk at each level tested. The mean difference in measurement of the reflex caudal border was 0.55 cm between observers and 0.28 cm for the same observer. The inter- and intraobserver kappa coefficient was 0.67 and 0.87, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The CTM reflex is elicited caudal to L5 in most normal dogs, and the lateral sensory field extends to 50% or more of the circumference of the trunk.Inter- and intraobserver differences in assessment of the caudal border are low.
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Kim SY, Park SY, Lim JH, Lee BY, Yang JH, Ryu HM. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α gene polymorphisms in Korean patients with pre-eclampsia. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:670-5. [PMID: 21979130 DOI: 10.3275/8009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placental hypoxia has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is activated by low oxygen tension and is a key regulator of genes involved in the cellular responses to hypoxia. AIM We determined whether maternal blood c.1722C>T (Pro582Ser) and c.1790G>A (Ala588Thr) polymorphisms in exon 12 of the HIF-1α gene are associated with pre-eclampsia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Subjects included 163 pre-eclamptic patients (48 mild and 115 severe preeclampsia) and 194 healthy pregnant women. Polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR and direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS There were no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies of the c.1772C>T and c.1790G>A polymorphisms of the HIF-1α gene among the study groups. Moreover, subgroup analysis according to pre-eclampsia severity revealed no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies of the HIF-1α c.1772C>T and c.1790G>A polymorphism in mild pre-eclamptic compared to severe pre-eclamptic group. In addition, there were no significant differences in the frequencies of 3 haplotypes (C-G,-G, T-G, and C-A) between the control and pre-eclamptic groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the HIF-1α gene polymorphisms are not associated with the development of pre-eclampsia in the studied Korean women population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Kwandong University College of Medicine, 1-19 Mukjeong-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-380, Korea
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Seo BJ, Rather IA, Kumar VJR, Choi UH, Moon MR, Lim JH, Park YH. Evaluation of Leuconostoc mesenteroides YML003 as a probiotic against low-pathogenic avian influenza (H9N2) virus in chickens. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:163-71. [PMID: 22548634 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aims of the study were to isolate anti-H9N2 bacteria from Korean Kimchi isolates and to evaluate its performance in cell line, egg and in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. METHODS AND RESULTS Using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line, 220 bacterial isolates were screened and the isolate YML003 was selected having pronounced antiviral activity against H9N2 virus. This isolate was identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Anti-H9N2 activity of the strain was also evaluated by hemagglutination assay. Leuconostoc mesenteroides YML003 was assessed for its survival in gastric juice and 5% bile acid and the antibiotic susceptibility. Both live and heat-killed cells were selected for in vivo chicken feeding experiment. Body weight, immune index, serobiochemical parameters and splenic IFN-γ production were assessed during selected intervals. Viral population in the trachea and cloacae were calculated by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). CONCLUSIONS Leuconostoc mesenteroides YML003 exhibited anti-H9N2 activity both in in vitro cell line as well as in vivo SPF chickens. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is a primary report on the anti-H9N2 activity by a Leuconostoc strain. Amid the increasing reports of avian influenza virus occurrence resulting in severe losses to the poultry industry, prophylactic administration of such probiotic strains are highly significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Seo
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyongsangbuk-Do, Korea
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Lim JH, Jun BC, Song SW. Clinical Feasibility of Multiplanar Reconstruction Images of Temporal Bone CT in the Diagnosis of Temporal Bone Fracture with Otic-Capsule-Sparing Facial Nerve Paralysis. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 65:219-24. [PMID: 24427570 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-011-0471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of multiplanar reconstructive (MPR) imaging of temporal bone CT in the diagnosis of temporal bone fracture with oticcapsule-sparing facial nerve paralysis. Twelve patients with traumatic facial nerve paralysis with otic-capsule sparing and temporal bone fractures were selected. Multiplanar reconstruction images were obtained with the V-works 4.0 software program (Cybermed, Seoul, Korea) using axial scanning of high-resolution temporal bone CT of the fracture line. The clinical profiles of the patients displaying temporal bone fractures were examined in relation to the findings. Multiplanar images of the fracture line provided information regarding the direction of the external force that fractured the temporal bone. The fracture line was more continuous in the MPR images than in the axial view. All patients showed an imaginary extended fracture line directed toward the otic capsule. The direction of the fracture line toward the middle ear cavity is important, as it may suggest insult to the otic capsule. The MPR image parallel to the fracture line of the temporal bone provides a guideline for the vector of the force that induced the fracture. Thorough investigation of the critical organs during surgical exploration is recommended if the direction of the fracture in the MPR image points toward the otic capsule in the middle ear even if the fracture line relative to the otic capsule is not well defined in the axial or CT view.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lim
- Department of Radiology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 65-1 Geumoh-dong, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi 480-717 Korea
| | - B C Jun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 65-1 Geumoh-dong, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi 480-717 Korea
| | - S W Song
- Department of Radiology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 65-1 Geumoh-dong, Uijeongbu, Gyeonggi 480-717 Korea
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24
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Muguet-Chanoit AC, Olby NJ, Lim JH, Gallagher R, Niman Z, Dillard S, Campbell J, Early P, Mariani CL, Muñana KR, Freeman C, Platt SR, Kent M, Giovanella C, Longshore RC. The cutaneous trunci muscle reflex: a predictor of recovery in dogs with acute thoracolumbar myelopathies caused by intervertebral disc extrusions. Vet Surg 2011; 41:200-6. [PMID: 22150443 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2011.00921.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether changes in the cutaneous trunci muscle (CTM) reflex are an early predictor of outcome in dogs with severe acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE). STUDY DESIGN Multicenter prospective cohort study. ANIMALS Dogs (n = 36) with acute IVDE causing paraplegia, loss of nociception in pelvic limbs and tail, and an abnormal CTM reflex postoperatively. METHODS The caudal border of the CTM reflex was established 24 hours after surgery and at discharge, and was reported as moving cranially, caudally, or staying static. Dogs were re-evaluated at 12-20 weeks and at 7-36 months postoperatively. Outcome was classified as improved or unimproved, successful or unsuccessful, and ascending myelomalacia or not, and compared with early movement of the CTM reflex by construction of contingency tables and performing a Fisher's exact test. RESULTS By discharge (mean, 4.7 days; SD = 2.10), CTM reflex progression was caudal in 19 dogs, static in 11, and cranial in 6. Five of 6 dogs with cranial movement developed ascending myelomalacia (P < .0001). Seventeen of 19 dogs with caudal movement showed an improvement by 12-20 weeks (P = .0046) and none developed ascending myelomalacia (P = .0013). CONCLUSIONS Postoperative changes of the caudal border of the CTM reflex are an early indicator of outcome in dogs with severe acute IVDE. Cranial movement of the CTM reflex is significantly associated with the development of ascending myelomalacia. Caudal movement is significantly associated with improvement, but not associated with a long-term successful outcome.
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Lee HJ, Chung K, Lee H, Lee K, Lim JH, Song J. Downregulation of mitochondrial lon protease impairs mitochondrial function and causes hepatic insulin resistance in human liver SK-HEP-1 cells. Diabetologia 2011; 54:1437-46. [PMID: 21347624 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Lon protease degrades oxidatively damaged proteins in mitochondrial matrix. To examine the relationships between mitochondrial quality control, mitochondrial functions and diabetes, we investigated whether lon protease deficiency influences insulin resistance by affecting mitochondrial function. METHODS Lon protease-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into human liver SK-HEP-1 cells and changes in molecules related to insulin resistance were analysed. RESULTS Reduction in lon protease was achieved using specific siRNA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in human liver SK-HEP-1 cells. Concurrently, insulin signalling and subsequent insulin action were impaired and levels of gluconeogenic enzymes were increased by lon protein deficiency. Moreover, the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinases and transcription factors related to hepatic gluconeogenesis were elevated in LON (also known as LONP1) siRNA-transfected cells via increased intracellular reactive oxygen species production. Overproduction of lon protease restored mitochondrial function and also diminished the insulin resistance induced by treatment with cholesterol and palmitate. In addition, levels of lon protease decreased dramatically in livers of diabetic db/db mice compared with their lean mice counterparts. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Here we have demonstrated that reduction of lon protease induced hepatic insulin resistance by lowering mitochondrial function. This is the first study to report that defects in mitochondrial protein quality control could cause insulin resistance and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 643 Yeonje-ri, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, South Korea
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26
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Hwang YH, Song IB, Lee HK, Kim TW, Kim MS, Lim JH, Park BK, Yun HI. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cefquinome in rabbits following intravenous and intramuscular administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34:618-20. [PMID: 21615754 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y H Hwang
- Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Tan NM, Liu J, Wong DK, Yin F, Lim JH, Wong TY. Mixture model-based approach for optic cup segmentation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2011; 2010:4817-20. [PMID: 21097297 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2010.5627901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness with permanent damage to optic nerve head. ARGALI is an automated computer-aided diagnosis system designed for glaucoma detection via optic cup-to-disc ratio assessment. It employs several methods to determine the optic cup and disc from retinal images.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Tan
- Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore.
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28
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Lim JH, Piedrahita JA, Jackson L, Ghashghaei T, Olby NJ. Development of a model of sacrocaudal spinal cord injury in cloned Yucatan minipigs for cellular transplantation research. Cell Reprogram 2011; 12:689-97. [PMID: 21108536 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2010.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into transplantation strategies to treat spinal cord injury (SCI) is frequently performed in rodents, but translation of results to clinical patients can be poor and a large mammalian model of severe SCI is needed. The pig has been considered an optimal model species in which to perform preclinical testing, and the Yucatan minipig can be cloned successfully utilizing somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). However, induction of paralysis in pigs poses significant welfare and nursing challenges. The present study was conducted to determine whether Yucatan SCNT clones could be used to develop an SCI animal model for cellular transplantation research. First, we demonstrated that transection of the sacrocaudal spinal cord in Yucatan SCNT clones produces profound, quantifiable neurological deficits restricted to the tail. We then established that neurospheres could be isolated from brain tissue of green fluorescence protein (GFP) transfected SCNT clones. Finally, we confirmed survival of transplanted GFP-expressing neural stem cells in the SCI lesion and their differentiation into glial and neuronal lineages for up to 4 weeks without immunosuppression. We conclude that this model of sacrocaudal SCI in Yucatan SCNT clones represents a powerful research tool to investigate the effect of cellular transplantation on axonal regeneration and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hey Lim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
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29
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Park CW, Lim JH, Youn DY, Chung S, Lim MH, Kim YK, Chang YS, Lee JH. Renal dysfunction and barttin expression in Bartter syndrome Type IV associated with a G47R mutation in BSND in a family. Clin Nephrol 2011; 75 Suppl 1:69-74. [PMID: 21269598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bartter syndrome (BS) Type IV, associated with a G47R mutation in the BSND gene, is known to result in a mild renal phenotype. However, we report here on three brothers with varying degrees of renal dysfunction from mild to end-stage renal disease associated with renal barttin and ClC-K expression. The brothers had histories of polyhydramnios, prematurity, polyuria, deafness, and small body size. Laboratory findings showed hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, normotensive hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism, and an increased urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride, consistent with BS Type IV. Microscopic examination of renal tissue showed hyperplasia of cells at the juxtaglomerular apparatus with dilated atrophic tubules and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. A weak barttin signal related to CIC-K expression in the cytoplasm of tubule cells, but not the basement membrane, was noted. A sequence analysis of the BSND gene showed that the affected males were homozygous for a missense G47R mutation in exon 1 of BSND. These findings suggest that the G47R mutation results in a dramatic decrease in barttin expression, which appears to be related to the location of CIC-K being changed from the basement membrane to the cytoplasm in the tubule and might have varying effects on renal function associated with factors other than this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Park
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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30
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Lim JH, Bae EH, Park SH, Lee KJ, M SR, Kwon EY, Lee YJ, Jung YT. Development of a real time RT-PCR with SYBR Green dye for the detection of several viruses from the bulbs and leaves of lily. Acta Virol 2010; 54:319-21. [PMID: 21175260 DOI: 10.4149/av_2010_04_319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Lim JH, Boozer L, Mariani CL, Piedrahita JA, Olby NJ. Generation and characterization of neurospheres from canine adipose tissue-derived stromal cells. Cell Reprogram 2010; 12:417-25. [PMID: 20698780 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2009.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) have been identified as a powerful stem cell source for cellular transplantation therapy. The dog is increasingly used as a model of human neurological disease; however, few studies have reported induction of canine ADSCs to neural lineages. We characterized canine ADSCs and investigated whether they could be induced to differentiate into neural lineages. Subcutaneous adipose tissue collected from the dorsal epaxial region of adult dogs aged from 1 to 6 years was cultured to produce ADSCs that were then induced to neural lineages. RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry were performed to characterize these cell populations. Morphologically fibroblast-like ADSCs were isolated and had similar characteristics to mesenchymal stem cells. Under neurogenic conditions containing basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, ADSCs formed spherical cellular aggregates that resembled neurospheres. RT-PCR confirmed expression of Sox2 and CD90 by these aggregates. Expression of neural stem/progenitor markers (Nestin, Sox2, Vimentin) and neural lineage markers (A2B5, GFAP, Tuj1) was shown on immunocytochemistry. After differentiation, 60% of the cells were Tuj1 positive. In conclusion, we isolated and generated neural progenitor cells from canine ADSCs. ADSCs have potential for future autologous cell transplantation therapy for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hey Lim
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
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32
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Abstract
A stochastic model is proposed to simulate the growth of anchorage dependent cells on a flat surface. The model, based on representing the cell shapes on the surface as external irregular polygons with the nuclei distributed as a set of Poisson points (producing a modified Voronoi tessellation of 2 space) and incorporating a distribution function to describe cell division of the perimeter cells of the colony, provides data not only on population dynamics but also on the patterns produced by clusters of cells in the colony. These patterns produced by the model are qualitatively similar to observations reported for some cell cultures. The periods of induction, rapid growth, and decreasing growth asymptoting to zero as confluence is reached are predicted by the model. Quantitative comparison with published experimental data for this is good. The specific growth rate computed for the period of rapid growth predicted by the model is dependent on the distribution function describing the cell division time. As the standard deviation of this increases, the specific growth rate decreases as with a consequent increase in time to achieve confluence. The removal of cells from the colony by shear forces or death is considered in the model. As the probability for removal increases, the cell density at confluence and specific growth rate decrease. The clusters of cells, patterns, in the colony are very sensitive to cell removal. By analyzing these patterns in experiments, an estimate of cell removal can be made. The areas covered by cells on a substrate are fractal patterns. The fractal dimension is always greater than 1 and is a function of the removal probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, U.M.I.S.T., Manchester, England
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Tan NM, Liu J, Wong DK, Lim JH, Zhang Z, Lu S, Li H, Saw SM, Tong L, Wong TY. Automatic detection of pathological myopia using variational level set. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2010; 2009:3609-12. [PMID: 19964081 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2009.5333517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pathological myopia, the seventh leading cause of legal blindness in United States, is a condition caused by pathological axial elongation and eyes that deviates from the normal distribution curve of axial length, resulting in impaired vision. Studies have shown that ocular risks associated with myopia should not be underestimated, and there is a public health need to prevent the onset or progression of myopia. Peripapillary atrophy (PPA) is one of the clinical indicators for pathological myopia. In this paper, we introduce a novel method, to detect pathological myopia via peripapaillary atrophy feature by means of variational level set. This method is a core algorithm of our system, PAMELA, an automated system for the detection of pathological myopia. The proposed method has been tested on 40 images from Singapore Cohort study Of the Risk factors for Myopia (SCORM), producing a 95% accuracy of correct assessment, and a sensitivity and specificity of 0.9 and 1 respectively. The results highlight the potential of PAMELA as a possible clinical tool for objective mass screening of pathological myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Tan
- Institute for Infocomm Research, A STAR, Singapore.
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34
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Wong DWK, Liu J, Lim JH, Tan NM, Zhang Z, Lu S, Li H, Teo MH, Chan KL, Wong TY. Intelligent fusion of cup-to-disc ratio determination methods for glaucoma detection in ARGALI. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2010; 2009:5777-80. [PMID: 19963657 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2009.5332534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of permanent blindness. ARGALI, an automated system for glaucoma detection, employs several methods for segmenting the optic cup and disc from retinal images, combined using a fusion network, to determine the cup to disc ratio (CDR), an important clinical indicator of glaucoma. This paper discusses the use of SVM as an alternative fusion strategy in ARGALI, and evaluates its performance against the component methods and neural network (NN) fusion in the CDR calculation. The results show SVM and NN provide similar improvements over the component methods, but with SVM having a greater consistency over the NN, suggesting potential for SVM as a viable option in ARGALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W K Wong
- Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR, Singapore.
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35
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Chung HJ, Park CJ, Lim JH, Jang S, Chi HS, Im HJ, Seo JJ. Establishment of a reference interval for natural killer cell activity through flow cytometry and its clinical application in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Int J Lab Hematol 2009; 32:239-47. [PMID: 19614711 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2009.01177.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the Histiocyte Society revised the diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) to include low or absent natural killer (NK) cell activity, according to local laboratory reference. The aim of this study was to establish reference interval for functional NK-cell activity in 63 healthy Korean individuals using a flow-cytometric assay. We used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as effector cells and Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled K562 cells as target cells. NK-cell activity was calculated using the following equation: NK-cell activity (%) = (test lysis - spontaneous lysis) x 100/(maximum lysis - spontaneous lysis). NK-cell activity was analyzed in 13 known HLH patients and 16 suspected non-HLH patients using a flow-cytometric assay. The mean (+/-SD) cytotoxicity of PBMCs from healthy individuals was 20.9 +/- 5.3% and the reference interval was 11.8-31.9%. The mean NK-cell activity of HLH patients (8.3 +/- 8.9%) was significantly lower (P = 0.001) than that of non-HLH patients (20.1 +/- 7.8%). The sequential changes in NK-cell activity in the HLH group corresponded to clinical and laboratory findings following treatment. We successfully developed a functional NK-cell activity test for use in the clinical laboratory and obtained a reference interval of NK-cell activity from healthy donors. This assay, and associated reference interval, was used to analyze 30 clinically relevant specimens and the results were shown to be well correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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36
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Xiong W, Lim JH, Ong SH, Tung NN, Liu J, Racoceanu D, Tan K, Chong A, Foong K. Automatic working area classification in peripheral blood smears without cell central zone extraction. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2009; 2008:4074-7. [PMID: 19163607 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4650104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we study automatic classification of working areas in peripheral blood smears using image analysis and recognition methods. Such automatic classification can provide objective and reproducible quality control for the evaluation of smears and smear maker devices. However, research in this filed has drawn little attention. Existing methods either can not differentiate correctly different cell distributions or rely on the extraction of the central pallor zones in cells for counting, which are not always observable. In contrast, we do not rely on the pallor zone extraction thus on more general basis. We introduce two generic parameters to measure the goodness of working areas, one for the degree of overlap, and the other for the spatial occupancy. We also propose a cascading classification network for the classification of different areas. The effectiveness of our method has been tested on over 150 labeled images acquired from three malaria-infected Giemsa-stained blood smears using an oil immersion 100 x objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xiong
- Institute for Infocomm Research, A-STAR, Singapore. wxiong@ I2R.a-star.edu.sg
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Wong DK, Liu J, Lim JH, Jia X, Yin F, Li H, Wong TY. Level-set based automatic cup-to-disc ratio determination using retinal fundus images in ARGALI. 2008 30TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY 2008; 2008:2266-9. [PMID: 19163151 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4649648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D K Wong
- Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
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Kim HS, Park H, Lim JH, Choi SH, Park C, Lee SI, Conklin JL. Morphometric evaluation of oesophageal wall in patients with nutcracker oesophagus and ineffective oesophageal motility. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2008; 20:869-76. [PMID: 18452508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2008.01128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of nutcracker oesophagus (NE) and ineffective oesophageal motility (IEM) is unclear. Damage to the enteric nervous system or smooth muscle can cause oesophageal dysmotility. We tested the hypothesis that NE and IEM are associated with abnormal muscular or neural constituents of the oesophageal wall. Oesophageal manometry was performed in patients prior to total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The oesophageal manometries were categorized as normal (n = 7), NE (n = 13), or IEM (n = 5). Histologic examination of oesophageal tissue obtained during surgery was performed after haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and trichrome staining. Oesophageal innervation was examined after immunostaining for protein gene product-9.5 (PGP-9.5), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). There were no significant differences in inner circular smooth muscle thickness or degree of fibrosis among the three groups. Severe muscle fibre loss was found in four of five patients with IEM. The density of PGP-9.5-reactive neural structures was not different among the three groups. The density of ChAT immunostaining in the myenteric plexus (MP) was significantly greater in patients with NE (P < 0.05) and the density of nNOS immunostaining in the circular muscle (CM) was significantly greater in IEM patients (P < 0.05). The ChAT/nNOS ratio in both MP and CM was significantly greater in NE patients. NE may result from an imbalance between the excitatory and inhibitory innervation of the oesophagus, because more than normal numbers of ChAT-positive myenteric neurones are seen in NE. Myopathy and/or increased number of nNOS neurones may contribute to the hypocontractile motor activity of IEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
An eight-week-old female Cocker Spaniel was presented with ataxia, dysmetria and intention tremor. At 16 weeks, the clinical signs did not progress. Investigation including imaging studies of the skull and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were performed. The computed tomography revealed a cyst-like dilation at the level of the fourth ventricle associated with vermal defect in the cerebellum. After euthanasia, a cerebellar hypoplasia with vermal defect was identified on necropsy. A polymerase chain reaction amplification of cerebellar tissue revealed the absence of an in utero parvoviral infection. Therefore, the cerebellar hypoplasia in this puppy was consistent with diagnosis of primary cerebellar malformation comparable to Dandy-Walker syndrome in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hey Lim
- Departments of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Kwon S, Kang DM, Kim SY, Sa KJ, Lee CG, Lim JH, Jee YK, Ha MN, Hong SJ, Hong YC, Kwon HJ, Oh SY. Dietary factors in relation to atopic dermatitis among urban school‐aged children in Korea. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.876.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung‐Ok Kwon
- Food and NutritionKyunghee Univ.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - DM Kang
- Pusan Nat'l Univ.PusanRepublic of Korea
| | - SY Kim
- Cheju Nat'l Univ.ChejuRepublic of Korea
| | - KJ Sa
- Yeungnam Univ.GyeongsanRepublic of Korea
| | - CG Lee
- Chosun Univ.GwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - JH Lim
- Inha Univ.IncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - YK Jee
- Dankook Univ.CheonanRepublic of Korea
| | - MN Ha
- Dankook Univ.CheonanRepublic of Korea
| | - SJ Hong
- Ulsan Univ.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - YC Hong
- Seoul Nat'l Univ.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - HJ Kwon
- Dankook Univ.CheonanRepublic of Korea
| | - SY Oh
- Food and NutritionKyunghee Univ.SeoulRepublic of Korea
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Jeong EY, Lim JH, Kim HG, Lee HS. Acaricidal activity of Thymus vulgaris oil and its main components against Tyrophagus putrescentiae, a stored food mite. J Food Prot 2008; 71:351-5. [PMID: 18326186 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.2.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The acaricidal activities of compounds derived from Thymus vulgaris (thyme) oil against Tyrophagus putrescentiae were assessed using an impregnated fabric disk bioassay, and were compared with those of the synthetic acaricides, benzyl benzoate and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. The observed responses differed according to dosage and chemical components. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) value of the T. vulgaris oil against T. putrescentiae was 10.2 microg/cm2. Biologically active constituents derived from T. vulgaris oil were purified by using silica gel chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The structures of acaricidal components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, 1H-13C COSY-NMR, and DEPT-NMR spectra, and were subsequently identified as carvacrol and thymol. Carvacrol was the most toxic compound with LD50 values (4.5 microg/cm2) significantly different from thymol (11.1 microg/cm2), benzyl benzoate (11.3 microg/cm2), and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (13.9 microg/cm2). Linalool was as toxic as was N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. The lower LD50 of carvacrol indicates that it may be the major contributor of the toxicity of T. vulagaris oil against the stored food mite, although it only constitutes 14.2% of the oil. From this point of view, carvacrol and thymol can be very useful as potential control agents against stored food mite.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y Jeong
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Science & Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561-756, South Korea
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Lim JH, Park JW, Min DS, Chang JS, Lee YH, Park YB, Choi KS, Kwon TK. NAG-1 up-regulation mediated by EGR-1 and p53 is critical for quercetin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 colon carcinoma cells. Apoptosis 2007; 12:411-21. [PMID: 17191121 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-006-0576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonoid molecule ubiquitously present in nature, has multiple effects on cancer cells, including the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration. However, the responsible molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We found that quercetin induces the expression of NAG-1 (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene-1), a TGF-beta superfamily protein, during quercetin-induced apoptosis of HCT116 human colon carcinoma cells. Reporter assays using the luciferase constructs containing NAG-1 promoter region demonstrate that early growth response-1 (EGR-1) and p53 are required for quercetin-mediated activation of the NAG-1 promoter. Overexpression of NAG-1 enhanced the apoptotic effect of quercetin, but suppression of quercetin-induced NAG-1 expression by NAG-1 siRNA attenuated quercetin-induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Taken together, the present study demonstrates for the first time that quercetin induces apoptosis via NAG-1, providing a mechanistic basis for the apoptotic effect of quercetin in colon carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 194 DongSan-Dong, Taegu, 700-712, Korea
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Kim SH, Cho JM, Kim SI, Nam TW, Lim JH. A diagnosis system for the spinal column nerve damaged patients. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2007; 2005:6733-4. [PMID: 17281818 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Visible evidence of spinal column damage is only apparent in 14% of the patients who receive spinal damage. We use a humidity sensor array. The humidity sensor (HDP-05) is arranged and attached to pre-assigned regions along the spinal column nerve of the actual patient. Applying pressure to the urinary bladder causes the patient to sweat. It is possible to determine which spinal column autonomic nerve is damaged in a region by humidity value. But also have some problem is that sometimes the damaged region has same value as a normal region. If will find a better attachment method and a more sensitive sensor could be found the results will be better and more precise.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Kimhae, 621-749 Korea
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Lim JH, Jung CS, Byeon YE, Kim WH, Yoon JH, Kang KS, Kweon OK. Establishment of a canine spinal cord injury model induced by epidural balloon compression. J Vet Sci 2007. [PMCID: PMC2868142 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2007.8.3.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hey Lim
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Chang-Su Jung
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Ye-Eun Byeon
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Wan Hee Kim
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- 2Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tumor Biology, Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Oh-kyeong Kweon
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Chiu SSH, Lim JH, Lee WJ, Chang KT, Oh DK, Lee KT, Lee JK, Choi SH. Intraductal papillary mucinous tumour of the pancreas: differentiation of malignancy and benignancy by CT. Clin Radiol 2006; 61:776-83. [PMID: 16905386 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2006.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Revised: 04/07/2006] [Accepted: 04/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To retrospectively identify signs predictive of malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumour (IPMT) of the pancreas on computed tomography (CT) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-four benign and 21 malignant pancreatic IPMTs were evaluated. Preoperative helical CT images in these 55 cases of pathologically proven pancreatic IPMT were reviewed by two radiologists unaware of the histological grading. Tumour morphological types, locations, numbers and sizes of cystic lesions, maximum main pancreatic duct diameters, the presence of septa, mural nodule, wall thickening, and calcification in cysts, communication with the main pancreatic duct, peripancreatic haziness, protrusion of duodenal papilla, pancreatic atrophy, lymphadenopathy and distant metastasis were analysed using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Main duct IPMTs were more likely to be malignant (71%) than branch duct (23%) or combined type IPMTs (28%; p=0.002). Among the branch duct type and combined types, large cystic lesion (p=0.018), the presence of a mural nodule (p=0.018), a thickened wall (p=0.009), and peripancreatic haziness (p=0.039) were found to predict malignancy. CONCLUSION CT is helpful in the preoperative differentiation of malignant and benign pancreatic IPMT. The presence of a dilated main pancreatic duct, mural nodules, thickened wall and peripancreatic haziness may be used as independent predictive signs of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S-h Chiu
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee KS, Lim JH, Kang YK, Yoo KH, Kim DC, Shin KJ, Kim DJ. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of new 1β-methylcarbapenems having aminopyrimidinylthioether moiety. Eur J Med Chem 2006; 41:1347-51. [PMID: 16973246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of new 1beta-methylcarbapenems 1a-d bearing aminopyrimidinylthioether moiety at C-5 position of pyrrolidine ring and their antibacterial activities are described. All the compounds exhibited potent antibacterial activity. Of these carbapenems, 1d showed the best combination of antibacterial activity and stability to dehydropeptidase-I (DHP-I).
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim HG, Cho JH, Jeong EY, Lim JH, Lee SH, Lee HS. Growth-inhibiting activity of active component isolated from Terminalia chebula fruits against intestinal bacteria. J Food Prot 2006; 69:2205-9. [PMID: 16995525 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-69.9.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The growth-inhibitory activity of materials derived from the fruit of Terminalia chebula was evaluated against six intestinal bacteria by means of an impregnated paper disk agar diffusion method. The butanol fraction of T. chebula extract had profound growth-inhibitory activity at a concentration of 5 mg per disk. The biologically active component isolated from the T. chebula fruits was identified with a variety of spectroscopic analyses as ethanedioic acid. The growth responses varied in accordance with the bacterial strain, chemical, and dosage tested. In a test with concentrations of 2 and 1 mg per disk, ethanedioic acid had strong and moderate inhibitory activity against Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli, respectively, with no associated adverse effects on the growth of the four tested lactic acid-producing bacteria. Ellagic acid derived from T. chebula fruits exerted a potent inhibitory effect against C. perfringens and E. coli, but little or no inhibition was observed with treatments of behenic acid, P-caryophyllene, eugenol, isoquercitrin, oleic acid, ca-phellandrene, 3-sitosterol, stearic acid, a-terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, terpinolene, or triacontanoic acid. These results may be an indication of at least one of the pharmacological properties of T. chebula fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561-756, Korea
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Lim JH, Lee JI, Suh YH, Kim W, Song JH, Jung MH. Mitochondrial dysfunction induces aberrant insulin signalling and glucose utilisation in murine C2C12 myotube cells. Diabetologia 2006; 49:1924-36. [PMID: 16736133 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-006-0278-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2006] [Accepted: 02/18/2006] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a critical component in the development of diabetes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of insulin resistance and diabetes through investigation of mitochondrial retrograde signalling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mitochondrial function of C2C12 myotube cells was impaired by genetic (ethidium bromide) and metabolic (oligomycin) stress, and changes in target molecules related to insulin signalling were analysed. RESULTS Concomitant with reductions in mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) and ATP synthesis, production of IRS1 and solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 4 (SLC2A4, formerly known as GLUT4) were reduced. Moreover, serine phosphorylation of IRS1 increased, resulting in decreased tyrosine phosphorylation. This indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction decreases insulin-stimulated SLC2A4 translocation and glucose uptake. Mitochondrial stress activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signalling in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, and removal of free Ca(2+) by BAPTA-AM, as well as inhibition of JNK and p38 MAPK, abrogated mitochondrial stress-induced reductions in IRS1 and SLC2A4 production. Mitochondrial dysfunction after oligomycin treatment significantly increased levels of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), which represses Irs1 promoter activity. Removal of the 5' flanking region of Irs1 demonstrated that the promoter region within 191 bases from the transcription site may be involved in the transcriptional repression of Irs1 by mitochondrial stress. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We show distinct mitochondrial retrograde signalling, where Irs1 is downregulated through ATF3 in a Ca(2+)-, JNK- and p38 MAPK-dependent manner, and IRS1 is inactivated. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction causes aberrant insulin signalling and abnormal utilisation of glucose, as observed in many insulin resistance states.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lim
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Department of Biomedical Science, National Institute of Health, 5 Nokbun-dong, Eunpyung-gu, Seoul 122-701, South Korea
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Abstract
The activities of benzaldehyde isolated from Prunus persica seeds and of commercially available aldehydes against Tyrophagus putrescentiae (a stored-food mite) adults were examined and compared with those of the synthetic acaricides benzyl benzoate and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide. On the basis of the 50% lethal dose (LD50), the compound most toxic to T. putrescentiae adults was salicylaldehyde (LD50 of 1.02 microg/cm2) followed by cinnamaldehyde (1.66 microg/cm2), benzaldehyde (4.23 microg/cm2), phthaldialdehyde (5.16 microg/cm2), benzyl benzoate (9.75 microg/cm2), and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (16.26 micorg/cm2). Benzaldehyde was about 2.3 and 3.8 times more toxic than benzyl benzoate and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, respectively, against T. putrescentiae adults. These results indicated that benzaldehyde isolated from P. persica seeds and the three aldehydes (cinnamaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, and phthaldialdehyde) are useful as lead compounds for developing acaricidal agents against T. putrescentiae adults. The color of the T. putrescentiae cuticle was changed by treatment with cinnamaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, and phthaldialdehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Sung
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561-756, South Korea
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Ha M, Kwon H, Jee YK, Hong YC, Leem JH, Sakong J, Bae JM, Hong SJ, Roh YM, Lim JH. Blood Lead and Mercury Levels and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Behavior among Children. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s256-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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