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Malone C, Zheleznyak A, Tang R, Duncan K, Prior J, Black K, Egbulefu C, Sullentrup R, Shokeen M, Achilefu S. Abstract No. 81 Assessing Novel Nano-Photosensitizer Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Tumor Uptake in Vivo as a Candidate Platform to Enhance 90Y Radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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2
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Cerrillo J, Oviedo Casado S, Prior J. Low Field Nano-NMR via Three-Level System Control. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:220402. [PMID: 34152193 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.220402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conventional control strategies for nitrogen-vacancy centers in quantum sensing are based on a two-level model of their triplet ground state. However, this approach fails in regimes of weak bias magnetic fields or strong microwave pulses, as we demonstrate. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel control sequence that exploits all three levels by addressing a hidden Raman configuration with microwave pulses tuned to the zero-field transition. We report excellent performance in typical dynamical decoupling sequences, opening up the possibility for nano-NMR operation in low field environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cerrillo
- Área de Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena E-30202, Spain
| | - S Oviedo Casado
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Givat Ram, Israel
| | - J Prior
- Área de Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena E-30202, Spain
- Departamento de Física-CIOyN, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia E-30071, Spain
- Instituto Carlos I de Física teórica y Computacional, Universidad de Granada, Granada E-18071, Spain
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3
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Prior J. Understanding how young people perceive acne and acne treatments. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:208-209. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Prior
- Kingston University Kingston upon Thames KT1 1LQ UK
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4
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Tavana S, Clark JN, Prior J, Baxan N, Masouros SD, Newell N, Hansen U. Quantifying deformations and strains in human intervertebral discs using Digital Volume Correlation combined with MRI (DVC-MRI). J Biomech 2020; 102:109604. [PMID: 31928737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Physical disruptions to intervertebral discs (IVDs) can cause mechanical changes that lead to degeneration and to low back pain which affects 75% of us in our lifetimes. Quantifying the effects of these changes on internal IVD strains may lead to better preventative strategies and treatments. Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) is a non-invasive technique that divides volumetric images into subsets, and measures strains by tracking the internal patterns within them under load. Applying DVC to MRIs may allow non-invasive strain measurements. However, DVC-MRI for strain measurements in IVDs has not been used previously. The purpose of this study was to quantify the strain and deformation errors associated with DVC-MRI for measurements in human IVDs. Eight human lumbar IVDs were MRI scanned (9.4 T) for a 'zero-strain study' (multiple unloaded scans to quantify noise within the system), and a loaded study (2 mm axial compression). Three DVC methodologies: Fast-Fourier transform (FFT), direct correlation (DC), and a combination of both FFT and DC approaches were compared with subset sizes ranging from 8 to 88 voxels to establish the optimal DVC methodology and settings which were then used in the loaded study. FFT + DC was the optimal method and a subset size of 56 voxels (2520 µm) was found to be a good compromise between errors and spatial resolution. Displacement and strain errors did not exceed 28 µm and 3000 microstrain, respectively. These findings demonstrate that DVC-MRI can quantify internal strains within IVDs non-invasively and accurately. The method has unique potential for assessing IVD strains within patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tavana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - J N Clark
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - J Prior
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - N Baxan
- Biomedical Imaging Centre, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - S D Masouros
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - N Newell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - U Hansen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK
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5
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Noad RJ, Simpson K, Fooks AR, Hewson R, Gilbert SC, Stevens MP, Hosie MJ, Prior J, Kinsey AM, Entrican G, Simpson A, Whitty CJM, Carroll MW. UK vaccines network: Mapping priority pathogens of epidemic potential and vaccine pipeline developments. Vaccine 2019; 37:6241-6247. [PMID: 31522809 PMCID: PMC7127063 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During the 2013-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa an expert panel was established on the instructions of the UK Prime Minister to identify priority pathogens for outbreak diseases that had the potential to cause future epidemics. A total of 13 priority pathogens were identified, which led to the prioritisation of spending in emerging diseases vaccine research and development from the UK. This meeting report summarises the process used to develop the UK pathogen priority list, compares it to lists generated by other organisations (World Health Organisation, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) and summarises clinical progress towards the development of vaccines against priority diseases. There is clear technical progress towards the development of vaccines. However, the availability of these vaccines will be dependent on sustained funding for clinical trials and the preparation of clinically acceptable manufactured material during inter-epidemic periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob J Noad
- Pathobiology and Population Science, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK.
| | - Karl Simpson
- JKS Bioscience Ltd, 2 Midanbury Court, 44 Midanbury Lane, Southampton SO18 4HF, UK.
| | | | - Roger Hewson
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Sarah C Gilbert
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Mark P Stevens
- The Roslin Institute & Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - Margaret J Hosie
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life Sciences, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
| | - Joann Prior
- CBR Division, Dstl Porton Down, Wiltshire SP3 4DZ, UK.
| | - Anna M Kinsey
- Medical Research Council, One Kemble Street, London WC2B 4AN, UK.
| | - Gary Entrican
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Near Edinburgh, Scotland EH26 0PZ, UK.
| | - Andrew Simpson
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JG, UK.
| | | | - Miles W Carroll
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JG, UK.
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Porretta AP, Van-Der-Gucht A, Saguner AM, Park CI, Bisch L, Schlaepfer J, Pascale P, Le Bloa M, Buss G, Ribi CI, Prior J, Pruvot E. P1605High occurrence of sustained ventricular tachycardia despite immunosuppressive treatment in cardiac sarcoidosis. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A P Porretta
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Van-Der-Gucht
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A M Saguner
- University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C I Park
- Hôpital De La Tour, Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - L Bisch
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Schlaepfer
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Pascale
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Le Bloa
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Buss
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C I Ribi
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Prior
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E Pruvot
- University Hospital Centre Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Fletcher HA, Chatterjee M, Cooper A, Hussell T, Kaye PM, Prior J, Reljic R, Vermaak S, Vordermeier M, Williams A, McShane H. VALIDATE: Exploiting the synergy between complex intracellular pathogens to expedite vaccine research and development for tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, melioidosis and leprosy. F1000Res 2018; 7:485. [PMID: 29904595 PMCID: PMC5974572 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.14386.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
For several complex intracellular pathogens, we have an urgent need for effective vaccines and yet there are common barriers to vaccine development. These diseases, including tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, leprosy and melioidosis, cause a huge burden of disease and disproportionately affect low and middle income countries. They are therefore often neglected due to the marginalisation of affected populations and the poor predicted commercial return on investment. Barriers to vaccine development include an incomplete understanding of protective immunity and translation from the bench into clinical vaccine trials. The current linear approach to vaccine research and development for these pathogens, which involves basic research, vaccine design, and vaccine evaluation in preclinical challenge models and clinical trials, is inefficient for these complex intracellular pathogens. We have established a Global Challenges Research Fund Network for VAccine deveLopment for complex Intracellular neglecteD pAThogEns, “VALIDATE”, where we aim to adopt a more flexible, integrated cross-pathogen approach to accelerate vaccine research and clinical development for these four pathogens, by cross-pathogen analyses, cross-discipline collaborations, and repeated integration of data from human and animal studies. This network provides a unique opportunity to bring together individuals working on four exemplar complex intracellular neglected pathogens (
M.tb,
Leishmania spp.,
B. pseudomallei and
M.leprae), which share a common lifestyle as pathogens of macrophages, induce similar end-stage pathologies and alter host immune and metabolic responses. The horizontal collaborations established throughout this network, together with the provision of a protected environment for early data sharing, will exploit these biological synergies. By interrogating mechanisms that lead from infection to disease, we will be able to develop common vaccine development strategies for these and other complex intracellular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitali Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Andrea Cooper
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tracy Hussell
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul M Kaye
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, University of York, York, UK
| | - Joann Prior
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, UK
| | - Rajko Reljic
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Samantha Vermaak
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Vordermeier
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, UK
| | - Ann Williams
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, UK
| | - Helen McShane
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Oviedo-Casado S, Urbina A, Prior J. Publisher Correction: Magnetic field enhancement of organic photovoltaic cells performance. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29535390 PMCID: PMC5848024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21980-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Oviedo-Casado
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, 30202, Spain
| | - A Urbina
- Departamento de Electrónica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, 30202, Spain
| | - J Prior
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, 30202, Spain.
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9
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Castelli J, Depeursinge A, Nditifei-Ndoh V, Devillers A, Dicente Y, Schaer R, Prior J, Bourhis J, Sire C, de Crevoisier R. Valeur de la tomographie par émission de positons au ( 18 F)-fluorodésoxyglucose pour prédire la récidive dans les cancers ORL non oropharyngé pris en charge par chimioradiothérapie. Cancer Radiother 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Scher N, Herrera F, Ozsahin M, Prior J, Depeursinge A, Bourhis J, Castelli J. Nouveaux paramètres métaboliques de la tomographie par émission de positons–scanographie au fluorodésoxyglucose pour prédire la récidive et la survie des cancers du col utérin pris en charge par chimioradiothérapie. Cancer Radiother 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Prior J. Qualitative study of online discussion forums about acne. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:616. [PMID: 28940278 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Prior
- School of Behavioural Sciences, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston-Upon-Thames, KT1 2EE, U.K
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12
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Porretta A, Park CI, Di Bernardo S, Bisch L, Schlaepfer J, Pascale P, Le Bloa M, Buss G, Prior J, Pruvot E. P1605Focal hypermetabolic left ventricular cardiomyopathy: a new arrhythmogenic clinical entity? Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Charge separation is a critical process for achieving high efficiencies in organic photovoltaic cells. The initial tightly bound excitonic electron-hole pair has to dissociate fast enough in order to avoid photocurrent generation and thus power conversion efficiency loss via geminate recombination. Such process takes place assisted by transitional states that lie between the initial exciton and the free charge state. Due to spin conservation rules these intermediate charge transfer states typically have singlet character. Here we propose a donor-acceptor model for a generic organic photovoltaic cell in which the process of charge separation is modulated by a magnetic field which tunes the energy levels. The impact of a magnetic field is to intensify the generation of charge transfer states with triplet character via inter-system crossing. As the ground state of the system has singlet character, triplet states are recombination-protected, thus leading to a higher probability of successful charge separation. Using the open quantum systems formalism we demonstrate that the population of triplet charge transfer states grows in the presence of a magnetic field, and discuss the impact on carrier population and hence photocurrent, highlighting its potential as a tool for research on charge transfer kinetics in this complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Oviedo-Casado
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, 30202, Spain
| | - A Urbina
- Departamento de Electrónica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, 30202, Spain
| | - J Prior
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, 30202, Spain.
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Scher N, Herrera F, Depeursinge A, Breuneval T, Bourhis J, Prior J, Ozsahin M, Castelli J. PO-0718: 18-FDG PET/CT parameters to predict survival and recurrence in cervical cancer. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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De Bari B, Breuneval T, Zeverino M, Godin S, Deantonio L, Prior J, Bourhis J, Moeckli R, Ozsahin M. PO-0683: Impact of the radiation dose on hepatic perfusion evaluated using mebrofenin liver scintigraphy. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Castelli J, De Bari B, Depeursinge A, Simon A, Devillers A, Roman Jimenez G, Prior J, Ozsahin M, de Crevoisier R, Bourhis J. Overview of the predictive value of quantitative 18 FDG PET in head and neck cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 108:40-51. [PMID: 27931839 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) allows to quantify the metabolic activity of a tumor (glycolysis) and has become a reference tool in oncology for the staging, restaging, radiotherapy planning and monitoring response in many cancers. Quantitative analyses have been introduced in order to overcome some of the limits of the visual methods, allowing an easier and more objective comparison of the inter- and intra-patients variations. The aims of this review were to report available evidences on the clinical value of quantitative PET/CT parameters in HNC. Forty-five studies, for a total of 2928 patients, were analyzed. Most of the data available dealt with the intensity of the metabolism, calculated from the Standard Uptake Value (SUV). Metabolic Tumor Volume (MTV) was well correlated with overall survival and disease free survival, with a higher predictive value than the maximum SUV. Spatial distribution of metabolism and textural analyses seems promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Castelli
- Radiotherapy Department, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland; INSERM, U1099, Rennes, F-35000, France; Université de Rennes 1, LTSI, Rennes, F-35000, France.
| | - B De Bari
- Radiotherapy Department, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Depeursinge
- University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, 3960 Sierre, Switzerland; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne VD, Switzerland
| | - A Simon
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, F-35000, France; Université de Rennes 1, LTSI, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - A Devillers
- Nuclear Medecine Department, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - G Roman Jimenez
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, F-35000, France; Université de Rennes 1, LTSI, Rennes, F-35000, France; Keosys Medical imaging, 1 Impasse Augustin Fresnel, Saint-Herblain, F-44815, France
| | - J Prior
- Nuclear Medecine Department, CHUV, Switzerland
| | - M Ozsahin
- Radiotherapy Department, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R de Crevoisier
- INSERM, U1099, Rennes, F-35000, France; Université de Rennes 1, LTSI, Rennes, F-35000, France; Radiotherapy Department, Centre Eugene Marquis, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - J Bourhis
- Radiotherapy Department, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Godin S, Ozsahin M, Zeverino M, Breuneval T, Prior J, Bourhis J, Moeckli R, De Bari B. Impact de la dose de radiothérapie sur la perfusion pulmonaire évaluée à l’aide de la scintigraphie pulmonaire. Cancer Radiother 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Breuneval T, Ozsahin M, Zeverino M, Godin S, Prior J, Bourhis J, Moeckli R, De Bari B. Impact de la dose de radiothérapie sur la perfusion hépatique évalué à l’aide de la scintigraphie hépatique à la mébrofénine. Cancer Radiother 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2016.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Peguret N, Ozsahin M, Beigelman C, Zeverino M, Durham A, Duclos F, Grant K, Belmondo B, Simons J, Long O, Moeckli R, Prior J, Meuli R, Bourhis J. OC-0138: Apnea-like suppression of respiratory motion: first clinical evaluation. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Champion OL, Gourlay LJ, Scott AE, Lassaux P, Conejero L, Perletti L, Hemsley C, Prior J, Bancroft G, Bolognesi M, Titball RW. Immunisation with proteins expressed during chronic murine melioidosis provides enhanced protection against disease. Vaccine 2016; 34:1665-71. [PMID: 26917010 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for an effective vaccine against human disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, and although a wide range of candidates have been tested in mice none provide high level protection. We considered this might reflect the inability of these vaccine candidates to protect against chronic disease. Using Q-RT PCR we have identified 6 genes which are expressed in bacteria colonising spleens and lungs of chronically infected mice. Three of the genes (BPSL1897, BPSL3369 and BPSL2287) have been expressed in Escherichia coli and the encoded proteins purified. We have also included BPSL2765, a protein known to induce immune responses associated with a reduced incidence of chronic/recurrent disease in humans. Immunisation of mice with a combination of these antigens resulted in the induction of antibody responses against all of the proteins. Compared with mice immunised with capsular polysaccharide or LolC protein, mice immunised with the combination of chronic stage antigens showed enhanced protection against experimental disease in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia L Champion
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Louise J Gourlay
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Andrew E Scott
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Patricia Lassaux
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Laura Conejero
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppler Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Lucia Perletti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Claudia Hemsley
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Joann Prior
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Gregory Bancroft
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppler Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Martino Bolognesi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Biophysics, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Richard W Titball
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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Chatal JF, Perkins AC, Baum RP, Bischof Delaloye A, Prior J, Signore A. The long history of the International Research Group in Immuno-Scintigraphy and Therapy (IRIST). Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 59:137-139. [PMID: 25864529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J F Chatal
- Groupement d'Intérêt Public Arronax, Saint‑Herblain, France
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Porta L, De Bari B, Cerny M, Pomoni A, Schmidt S, Prior J, Bourhis J, Ozsahin M. EP-1216: Changes in preoperative 18FDG-PET/CT after neoadjuvant treatments and pathological response in rectal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)41208-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dahmane A, van Griensven J, Van Herp M, Van den Bergh R, Nzomukunda Y, Prior J, Alders P, Jambai A, Zachariah R. Constraints in the diagnosis and treatment of Lassa Fever and the effect on mortality in hospitalized children and women with obstetric conditions in a rural district hospital in Sierra Leone. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2014; 108:126-32. [PMID: 24535150 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/tru009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lassa fever (LF) is an acute viral haemorrhagic infection, endemic in West Africa. Confirmatory diagnosis and treatment (ribavirin) is difficult, expensive, and restricted to specialised hospitals. Among confirmed and suspected LF cases, we report on clinical and laboratory features, timing and administration of ribavirin and the relationship with case fatality. METHODS We conducted an audit of patient files of suspected LF cases admitted to a pediatric and obstetric referral hospital in rural Sierra Leone (April 2011 to February 2012). RESULTS There were 84 suspected LF cases; 36 (43%) were laboratory-confirmed cases, of whom only 20 (56%) received ribavirin after a median duration of eight days (IQR 314 days) of hospital admission. Of 16 patients who did not receive ribavirin, 14 (87%) died before ribavirin treatment could be commenced. Starting ribavirin within six days of admission was associated with a case fatality of 29% (2/7), while starting ribavirin later than six days was associated with a case fatality of 50% (6/12). Among the 48 suspected LF cases without laboratory confirmation, there were 21 (44%) deaths. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight shortcomings in LF management, including diagnostic and treatment delays. More research and development efforts should be devoted to this 'neglected disease'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dahmane
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Medical Department (Operational Research), Brussels Operational Center, Brussels, Belgium
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Montemurro M, Cioffi A, Domont J, Rutkowski P, Roth A, von Moos R, Inauen R, Bui B, Burkhard R, Knuesli C, Bauer S, Cassier P, Schwarb H, Le Cesne A, Koeberle D, Baertschi D, Dietrich D, Biaggi C, Prior J, Leyvraz S. Long-Term Outcome of Dasatinib First-Line Treatment in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: a Multicenter Two Stage Phase Ii Trial Sakk 56/07. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu354.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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25
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Cristina V, Pracht M, Lachenal Y, Adib S, Boubaker A, Prior J, Senys A, Wagner AD, Bize P. [Interventional radiology procedures for malignancies of the liver treatment: Intraarterial procedures]. Rev Med Suisse 2014; 10:1130-1135. [PMID: 24941686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Intraarterial procedures such as chemoembolization and radioembolization aim for the palliative treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (stage BCLC B and C with tumoral portal thrombosis). The combination of hepatic intraarterial chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy can increase the probability of curing colorectal cancer with hepatic metastases not immediately accessible to surgical treatment or percutaneous ablation.
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Moura C, Bernatsky S, Abrahamowicz M, Papaioannou A, Bessette L, Adachi J, Goltzman D, Prior J, Kreiger N, Towheed T, Leslie WD, Kaiser S, Ioannidis G, Pickard L, Fraser LA, Rahme E. Antidepressant use and 10-year incident fracture risk: the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMoS). Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1473-81. [PMID: 24566587 PMCID: PMC5094888 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We used data from a large, prospective Canadian cohort to assess the association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and fracture. We found an increased risk of fractures in individuals who used SSRI or SNRI, even after controlling for multiple risk factors. INTRODUCTION Previous studies have suggested an association between SSRIs and increasing risk of fragility fractures. However, the majority of these studies were not long-term analyses or were performed using administrative data and, thus, could not fully control for potential confounders. We sought to determine whether the use of SSRIs and SNRIs is associated with increased risk of fragility fracture, in adults aged 50 + . METHODS We used data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), a prospective randomly selected population-based community cohort; our analyses focused on subjects aged 50+. Time to event methodology was used to assess the association between SSRI/SNRI use, modeled time-dependently, and fragility fracture. RESULTS Among 6,645 subjects, 192 (2.9%) were using SSRIs or/and SNRIs at baseline. During the 10-year study period, 978 (14.7%) participants experienced at least one fragility fracture. In our main analysis, SSRI/SNRI use was associated with increased risk of fragility fracture (hazard ratio (HR), 1.88; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.48-2.39). After controlling for multiple risk factors, including Charlson score, previous falls, and bone mineral density hip and lumbar bone density, the adjusted HR for current SSRI/SNRI use remained elevated (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.32-2.14). CONCLUSIONS Our results lend additional support to an association between SSRI/SNRI use and fragility fractures. Given the high prevalence of antidepressants use, and the impact of fractures on health, our findings may have a significant clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Moura
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada,
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Elicin O, Herrera F, Callaway S, Prior J, Ozsahin M. The Use of 18FDG-PET Standard Uptake Value as a Metabolic Predictor of Bone Marrow Response to Radiation: Impact on Acute and Late Hematological Toxicity in Cervical Cancer Patients Treated With Chemoradiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Elicin O, Herrera F, Callaway S, Prior J, Ozsahin M. PD-0604: Impact of bone marrow radiation dose on acute and late hematological toxicity in cervical cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)32910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
The computation of scientific data can be very time-consuming, even if they are ultimately determined by a small number of parameters. The principle of compressed sampling suggests that for typical data we can achieve a considerable decrease in the computation time by avoiding the need to sample the full data set. We demonstrate the usefulness of this approach at the hand of two-dimensional (2-D) spectra in the context of ultrafast nonlinear spectroscopy of biological systems where numerical calculations are highly challenging due to the considerable computational effort involved in obtaining individual data points.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Almeida
- †Institute for Theoretical Physics, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
- §Institute for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - J Prior
- ‡Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena 30202, Spain
| | - M B Plenio
- †Institute for Theoretical Physics, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
- §Institute for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
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Maillard MH, Hiroz P, Wagner D, Prior J, Boubaker A, Pralong F, Dorta G, Nichita C. [Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors: pleomorphic and often ignored]. Rev Med Suisse 2012; 8:1658-1663. [PMID: 22988725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Although generally considered as rare, incidence of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) is increasing. The general practitioner has thus to be familiar with the vast array of clinical presentations and the growing family of diagnostic tools that can be used. Symptoms can be related to their hormonal production, their local extent or a bleeding complication. The prognosis depends on the grade of tumor, its local extent at diagnosis and its localization. The diagnosis relies on radiologic, endoscopic and nuclear medicine strategies. In case of typical symptoms, a hormonal secretion should be sought. Treatment options are extensive and should be discussed in an interdisciplinary manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Maillard
- Service de gastroentérologie et hépatologie, CHUV, Lausanne.
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Fraser LA, Langsetmo L, Berger C, Ioannidis G, Goltzman D, Adachi JD, Papaioannou A, Josse R, Kovacs CS, Olszynski WP, Towheed T, Hanley DA, Kaiser SM, Prior J, Jamal S, Kreiger N, Brown JP, Johansson H, Oden A, McCloskey E, Kanis JA, Leslie WD. Fracture prediction and calibration of a Canadian FRAX® tool: a population-based report from CaMos. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:829-37. [PMID: 21161508 PMCID: PMC5101064 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1465-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A new Canadian WHO fracture risk assessment (FRAX®) tool to predict 10-year fracture probability was compared with observed 10-year fracture outcomes in a large Canadian population-based study (CaMos). The Canadian FRAX tool showed good calibration and discrimination for both hip and major osteoporotic fractures. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to validate a new Canadian WHO fracture risk assessment (FRAX®) tool in a prospective, population-based cohort, the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). METHODS A FRAX tool calibrated to the Canadian population was developed by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases using national hip fracture and mortality data. Ten-year FRAX probabilities with and without bone mineral density (BMD) were derived for CaMos women (N = 4,778) and men (N = 1,919) and compared with observed fracture outcomes to 10 years (Kaplan-Meier method). Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the contribution of individual FRAX variables. RESULTS Mean overall 10-year FRAX probability with BMD for major osteoporotic fractures was not significantly different from the observed value in men [predicted 5.4% vs. observed 6.4% (95%CI 5.2-7.5%)] and only slightly lower in women [predicted 10.8% vs. observed 12.0% (95%CI 11.0-12.9%)]. FRAX was well calibrated for hip fracture assessment in women [predicted 2.7% vs. observed 2.7% (95%CI 2.2-3.2%)] but underestimated risk in men [predicted 1.3% vs. observed 2.4% (95%CI 1.7-3.1%)]. FRAX with BMD showed better fracture discrimination than FRAX without BMD or BMD alone. Age, body mass index, prior fragility fracture and femoral neck BMD were significant independent predictors of major osteoporotic fractures; sex, age, prior fragility fracture and femoral neck BMD were significant independent predictors of hip fractures. CONCLUSION The Canadian FRAX tool provides predictions consistent with observed fracture rates in Canadian women and men, thereby providing a valuable tool for Canadian clinicians assessing patients at risk of fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-A Fraser
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Fraser LA, Ioannidis G, Adachi JD, Pickard L, Kaiser SM, Prior J, Brown JP, Hanley DA, Olszynski WP, Anastassiades T, Jamal S, Josse R, Goltzman D, Papaioannou A. Fragility fractures and the osteoporosis care gap in women: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:789-96. [PMID: 20683706 PMCID: PMC5101074 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Canadian women over 50 years old were studied over a 10-year period to see if those who sustained a fracture (caused by minimal trauma) were receiving the recommended osteoporosis therapy. We found that approximately half of these women were not being treated, indicating a significant care gap in osteoporosis treatment. INTRODUCTION Prevalent fragility fracture strongly predicts future fracture. Previous studies have indicated that women with fragility fractures are not receiving the indicated treatment. We aimed to describe post fracture care in Canadian women using a large, population-based prospective cohort that began in 1995-1997. METHODS We followed 5,566 women over 50 years of age from across Canada over a period of 10 years in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. Information on medication use and incident clinical fragility fractures was obtained during a yearly questionnaire or interview and fractures were confirmed by radiographic/medical reports. RESULTS Over the 10-year study period, 42-56% of women with yearly incident clinical fragility fractures were not treated with an osteoporosis medication. During year 1 of the study, 22% of the women who had experienced a fragility fracture were on treatment with a bisphosphonate and 26% were on hormone therapy (HT). We were not able to differentiate HT use for menopause symptoms vs osteoporosis. Use of bisphosphonate therapy increased over time; odds ratio (OR) for use at year 10 compared to use at year 1 was 3.65 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.83-7.26). In contrast, HT use declined, with an OR of 0.07 (95%CI 0.02-0.24) at year 10 compared to year 1 of the study. CONCLUSION In a large population-based cohort study, we found a therapeutic care gap in women with osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Although bisphosphonate therapy usage improved over time, a substantial gap remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-A Fraser
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences-Chedoke Site, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N3Z5, Canada
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Li D, Al Mehthel M, Pudek M, Ur E, Francis G, Prior J, Ronco J, Wong G, Redekop G, Sirrs S. Catecholamine response in critical illness. Clin Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Prior J, Mascaro B, Shark LK, Stockdale J, Selfe J, Bury R, Cole P, Goodacre JA. Analysis of high frequency acoustic emission signals as a new approach for assessing knee osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69:929-30. [PMID: 20413570 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2009.112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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35
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Mascaro B, Prior J, Shark LK, Selfe J, Cole P, Goodacre J. Exploratory study of a non-invasive method based on acoustic emission for assessing the dynamic integrity of knee joints. Med Eng Phys 2009; 31:1013-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Montemurro M, Prior J, Leyvraz S. 6630 Response evaluation in third- and fourth-line treatment of GIST: the role of PET. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)71351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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37
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Prior J, Burdge D, Maan E, Milner R, Hankins C, Klein M, Walmsley S. Fragility fractures and bone mineral density in HIV positive women: a case-control population-based study. Osteoporos Int 2007; 18:1345-53. [PMID: 17665239 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-007-0428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This Canadian study of bone health showed that HIV+ women were more likely to have had fragility fractures (OR 1.7) but had BMD values that were not different than women from a national population-based cohort. INTRODUCTION Given that 17.5 million women globally are HIV-infected and living longer on anti-retroviral therapy (ART+), it is essential to determine whether they are at risk for osteoporosis as is currently assumed. METHODS Assessment of osteoporosis risk factors and lifetime low-trauma (fragility) fracture history used a common interviewer-administered questionnaire and phantom-adjusted bone mineral density (BMD). This study compared HIV+ Canadian women with age- and region-matched control women (1:3) from a national population-based study of osteoporosis. RESULTS One hundred and thirty-eight HIV+ women (100 ART+, 38 ART-) were compared with 402 controls. There were no differences in age (37.7 vs. 38.0 years), BMI (25.0 vs. 26.2), family history of osteoporosis, exercise history, alcohol or calcium intakes, age at menarche, oral contraceptive use or parity. HIV+ cases included more Aboriginal and Black women (12.5% and 16.2 vs. 2% and 1%, respectively), smoked and used injection drugs (53%) more, were more often treated with glucocorticoids, had oligomenorrhea, and reported 10-kg weight cycling. Significantly more HIV+ women reported lifetime fragility fractures (26.1% vs. 17.3; OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1, 2.6). HIV+ and control women did not differ in BMD: spine 1.0 +/- 0.12 vs.1.0 +/- 0.14 g/cm(2) (diff. 0.0, 95% CI -0.27, 0.27) or total femur 0.91 +/- 0.15 vs. 0.93 +/- 0.12 g/cm(2) (diff 0.02, 95% CI +0.005, -0.045). CONCLUSION HIV+ women reported significantly more past osteoporotic fractures than population-based controls despite normal BMD. Research is needed to assess bone microarchitecture and develop a reliable fracture risk assessment tool for HIV+ women.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prior
- Medicine/Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Abstract
We find the conductance distribution function of the two-dimensional Anderson model in the strongly localized limit. The fluctuations of lng grow with lateral size as L1/3 and follow a universal distribution that depends on the type of leads. For narrow leads, it is the Tracy-Widom distribution, which appears in the problem of the largest eigenvalue of random matrices from the Gaussian unitary ensemble and in many other problems like the longest increasing subsequence of a permutation, directed polymers, or polynuclear growth. We also show that for wide leads the conductance follows a related, but different, distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Somoza
- Departamento de Física-CIOyN, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia 30.071, Spain
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Newton JT, Allen CD, Coates J, Turner A, Prior J. How to reduce the stress of general dental practice: the need for research into the effectiveness of multifaceted interventions. Br Dent J 2006; 200:437-40. [PMID: 16703032 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4813463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
While the practice of dentistry has been demonstrated to be significantly stressful, there have been few published studies describing interventions to reduce the stress of dental practitioners. This article describes research into the prevention and alleviation of stress amongst a variety of healthcare professionals, including dental practitioners, and describes the findings from a small scale study of an intervention aimed at general dental practitioners who reported high levels of work related stress. It is argued that to be effective, interventions should be tailored to the individual needs of the practitioner, within a structured intervention framework. Further research into the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of stress management for dental practitioners is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Newton
- Oral Health Services Research & Dental Public Health, GKT Dental Institute London, USA.
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40
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Larsson P, Oyston PCF, Chain P, Chu MC, Duffield M, Fuxelius HH, Garcia E, Hälltorp G, Johansson D, Isherwood KE, Karp PD, Larsson E, Liu Y, Michell S, Prior J, Prior R, Malfatti S, Sjöstedt A, Svensson K, Thompson N, Vergez L, Wagg JK, Wren BW, Lindler LE, Andersson SGE, Forsman M, Titball RW. The complete genome sequence of Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia. Nat Genet 2005; 37:153-9. [PMID: 15640799 DOI: 10.1038/ng1499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2004] [Accepted: 12/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is one of the most infectious human pathogens known. In the past, both the former Soviet Union and the US had programs to develop weapons containing the bacterium. We report the complete genome sequence of a highly virulent isolate of F. tularensis (1,892,819 bp). The sequence uncovers previously uncharacterized genes encoding type IV pili, a surface polysaccharide and iron-acquisition systems. Several virulence-associated genes were located in a putative pathogenicity island, which was duplicated in the genome. More than 10% of the putative coding sequences contained insertion-deletion or substitution mutations and seemed to be deteriorating. The genome is rich in IS elements, including IS630 Tc-1 mariner family transposons, which are not expected in a prokaryote. We used a computational method for predicting metabolic pathways and found an unexpectedly high proportion of disrupted pathways, explaining the fastidious nutritional requirements of the bacterium. The loss of biosynthetic pathways indicates that F. tularensis is an obligate host-dependent bacterium in its natural life cycle. Our results have implications for our understanding of how highly virulent human pathogens evolve and will expedite strategies to combat them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pär Larsson
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, SE-901 82 Umeå, Sweden
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41
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Atkins T, Prior R, Mack K, Russell P, Nelson M, Prior J, Ellis J, Oyston PCF, Dougan G, Titball RW. Characterisation of an acapsular mutant of Burkholderia pseudomallei identified by signature tagged mutagenesis. J Med Microbiol 2002; 51:539-553. [PMID: 12132769 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-51-7-539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Burkholderia pseudomallei mutant which was attenuated in a mouse model of melioidosis was identified by a signature tagged mutagenesis approach. The transposon was shown to be inserted into a gene within the capsular biosynthetic operon. Compared with the wild-type bacteria this mutant demonstrated a 10(5)-fold increase in the median lethal dose in a mouse model and it did not react with a monoclonal antibody against high mol. wt polysaccharide of B. pseudomallei. To determine the kinetics of infection, mice were dosed intraperitoneally (i.p.) and intravenously (i.v.) with mutant and wild-type bacteria. After i.p challenge, the number of mutant bacteria in the peritoneal cavity declined, whereas wild-type bacteria proliferated. When administered by the i.v. route, the mutant was able to cause disease but the time to death was increased compared with the wild type. Mice were dosed with the mutant and subsequently challenged with wild-type B. pseudomallei, but the mutant failed to induce a protective immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gordon Dougan
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, CBS Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 OJQ, *Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Flowers Building, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AY and †Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT
| | - Richard W Titball
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, CBS Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 OJQ, *Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Flowers Building, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AY and †Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT
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Boubaker A, Prior J, Antonescu C, Meyrat B, Frey P, Delaloye AB. F+0 renography in neonates and infants younger than 6 months: an accurate method to diagnose severe obstructive uropathy. J Nucl Med 2001; 42:1780-8. [PMID: 11752073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED We studied the response to F+0 renography and the relative and absolute individual kidney function in neonates and < 6-mo-old infants before and after surgery for unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UJO). METHODS The results obtained at diagnosis and after pyeloplasty for 9 children (8 boys, 1 girl; age range, 0.8-5.9 mo; mean age +/- SD, 2.4 +/- 1.5 mo) with proven unilateral UJO (i.e., affected kidney [AK]) and an unremarkable contralateral kidney (i.e., normal kidney [NK]) were evaluated and compared with a control group of 10 children (6 boys, 4 girls; age range, 0.8-2.8 mo; mean age, 1.5 +/- 0.7 mo) selected because of symmetric renal function, absence of vesicoureteral reflux or infection, and an initially dilated but not obstructed renal pelvis as proven by follow-up. Renography was performed for 20 min after injection of (123)I-hippuran (OIH) (0.5-1.0 MBq/kg) immediately followed by furosemide (1 mg/kg). The relative and absolute renal functions and the response to furosemide were measured on background-subtracted and depth-corrected renograms. The response to furosemide was quantified by an elimination index (EI), defined as the ratio of the 3- to 20-min activities: An EI > or = 3 was considered definitively normal and an EI < or = 1 definitively abnormal. If EI was equivocal (1 < EI < 3), the response to gravity-assisted drainage was used to differentiate AKs from NKs. Absolute separate renal function was measured by an accumulation index (AI), defined as the percentage of (123)I-OIH (%ID) extracted by the kidney 30-90 s after maximal cardiac activity. RESULTS All AKs had definitively abnormal EIs at diagnosis (mean, 0.56 +/- 0.12) and were significantly lower than the EIs of the NKs (mean, 3.24 +/- 1.88) and of the 20 control kidneys (mean, 3.81 +/- 1.97; P < 0.001). The EIs of the AKs significantly improved (mean, 2.81 +/- 0.64; P < 0.05) after pyeloplasty. At diagnosis, the AIs of the AKs were significantly lower (mean, 6.31 +/- 2.33 %ID) than the AIs of the NKs (mean, 9.43 +/- 1.12 %ID) and of the control kidneys (mean, 9.05 +/- 1.17 %ID; P < 0.05). The AIs of the AKs increased at follow-up (mean, 7.81 +/- 2.23 %ID) but remained lower than those of the NKs (mean, 10.75 +/- 1.35 %ID; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In neonates and infants younger than 6 mo, (123)I-OIH renography with early furosemide injection (F+0) allowed us to reliably diagnose AKs and to determine if parenchymal function was normal or impaired and if it improved after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Boubaker
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Paediatric Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Neubauer H, Meyer H, Prior J, Aleksic S, Hensel A, Splettstösser W. A combination of different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for the presumptive identification of Yersinia pestis. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2000; 47:573-80. [PMID: 11075545 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2000.00384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A combination of four polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays targeting the Yersinia pestis-specific plasmoidal genes of the fraction 1 capsular antigen and plasminogen activator/coagulase, the gene of the V antigen of the Yersinia virulence plasmid, and the chromosomal 16S rRNA gene was evaluated for the identification of Y. pestis isolates. All four assays were subjected to the same sample preparation technique, reagents and cycling conditions. Eighteen Y. pestis, 66 Y. pseudotuberculosis, 40 Y. enterocolitica strains, the type strains of the other Yersinia species, and 20 other pathogenic bacterial strains were investigated. By using the proposed combination of PCR assays all Y. pestis strains were identified correctly. The applicability of this combination of PCR assays was demonstrated by the detection of Y. pestis DNA in spiked tissues from Rattus norwegicus and fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis and Ctenocephalides spp.). As little as 60 genome equivalents were detected. This system is applicable for monitoring Y. pestis and its vectors in enzootic natural foci and in the diagnosis of plague in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Neubauer
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Sanitätsakademie der Bundeswehr, München, Germany
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Prior J. Why wound care testing? Adv Wound Care 1999; 12:303. [PMID: 10687549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Prior J, Guignard JP. [Hematuria in the child. Investigation plan in pediatric practice]. Arch Pediatr 1998; 5:799-807. [PMID: 9759282 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(98)80071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of hematuria in a child should lead the pediatrician to a methodical evaluation of the patient based on an extensive history and comprehensive physical examination. The microscopic examination of the urine is the cornerstone in the evaluation process and may suggest the origin of the hematuria. For instance, red blood cell casts indicate glomerular lesions and rule out the need for further urological examinations. According to the type of hematuria and the associated symptoms, a complete and immediate evaluation is sometimes necessary. This article presents a decisional tree to help the pediatrician to investigate an hematuria and to refer the child to a specialist, when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prior
- Département médicochirurgical de pédiatrie, centre hospitalier universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Suisse
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in healthy elderly people predicts cognitive decline 6 years later. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Elderly care research unit. PARTICIPANTS Healthy elderly people who were part of a volunteer panel of research subjects. INTERVENTIONS Scopolamine 0.2 mg administered subcutaneously at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cognitive drug research computerized cognitive testing battery pre- and post-scopolamine, with repeat testing over 6 years later. MAIN RESULTS 16/24 subjects were retested. Although marked decrements in cognitive functioning were seen with scopolamine, there was little change in performance over 6 years, and no significant association was seen between scopolamine-induced decrement and change over time. CONCLUSIONS The scopolamine challenge test is not likely to play a role in the preclinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barker
- Thornhill Research Unit, Moorgreen Hospital, Southampton, UK
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Abstract
First-degree relatives of 99 autism probands and of 36 Down's syndrome controls were assessed with standardised tests of intellectual functioning, reading, and spelling. Higher mean verbal IQ scores, and discrepancies in favour of verbal scores, were characteristic of autism relatives. No consistent differences were found on performance scales, reading, and spelling tests. Among autism relatives, siblings affected with the broad phenotype of autism had significantly lower IQ scores and poorer reading and spelling performances than unaffected siblings. However, the small size of the cognitive difference and the lack of a distinctive cognitive profile indicates that standardised cognitive measures used in this study are unlikely to improve the operationalised definition of the broad phenotype of autism. The slightly superior verbal performance of relatives in the autism group might represent some form of heterozygote advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fombonne
- MRC Child Psychiatry Unit and Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, London, U.K
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Craig JE, Barnetson RA, Prior J, Raven JL, Thein SL. Rapid detection of deletions causing delta beta thalassemia and hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin by enzymatic amplification. Blood 1994; 83:1673-82. [PMID: 7510147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A considerable number of deletions of variable size and position that involve the beta-globin gene complex on chromosome 11 are associated with the clinical entities of hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) and delta beta thalassemia. Specific deletions appear to be associated with consistent phenotypes and some are known to be recurrent. To facilitate the molecular diagnosis of uncharacterized patients with HPFH and delta beta thalassemia, oligonucleotide primers have been designed to enzymatically amplify deletion-specific products for nine known deletions, which include those responsible for HPFH-1, HPFH-2, HPFH-3, Spanish (delta beta)zero thalassemia, hemoglobin (Hb) Lepore, Sicilian (delta beta)zero thalassemia, Chinese G gamma(A gamma delta beta)zero thalassemia, Asian-Indian inversion-deletion G gamma(A gamma delta beta)zero thalassemia, and Turkish inversion-deletion (delta beta)zero thalassemia. Using this approach, we have successfully characterized the molecular basis for delta beta thalassemia in 23 individuals from 16 families of diverse ethnic origins. Thirteen individuals from this group were shown to be heterozygous for the 13.4-kb Sicilian deletion, two were heterozygous for the 100-kb Chinese G gamma(A gamma delta beta)zero deletion, four were heterozygous for the Turkish form of inversion-deletion delta beta thalassemia, and three were heterozygous for the Asian-Indian form of inversion-deletion G gamma(A gamma delta beta)zero thalassemia. One Vietnamese subject was heterozygous for a 12.6-kb deletion, which we have fully characterized at the molecular level. Sequence analysis of the breakpoint regions of the Chinese deletion and the Turkish rearrangement indicates that, in each case, the mutation is likely to have arisen from a single origin. This hypothesis is supported by the evident geographical clustering of the various deletions described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Craig
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
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Abouna GM, Kumar MS, Brezin J, Chvala RP, Prior J, Katz SM, Chui J, Samhan M. Transplantation of single pediatric cadaveric kidneys into adult recipients. Transplant Proc 1993; 25:2170-1. [PMID: 8516856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G M Abouna
- Division of Transplantation, Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, PA 19102-1192
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Matson PL, Troup SA, Morroll DR, Izzard H, Prior J, Garg V, Lieberman BA. Pre-treatment of human spermatozoa with pentoxifylline to stimulate fertilisation in vitro:the need for controlled studies. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 1993. [DOI: 10.3109/01443619309151784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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