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de Gramont A, Figer A, Seymour M, Homerin M, Hmissi A, Cassidy J, Boni C, Cortes-Funes H, Cervantes A, Freyer G, Papamichael D, Le Bail N, Louvet C, Hendler D, de Braud F, Wilson C, Morvan F, Bonetti A. Leucovorin and Fluorouracil With or Without Oxaliplatin as First-Line Treatment in Advanced Colorectal Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:5080-5089. [PMID: 37967516 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.02773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In a previous study of treatment for advanced colorectal cancer, the LV5FU2 regimen, comprising leucovorin (LV) plus bolus and infusional fluorouracil (5FU) every 2 weeks, was superior to the standard North Central Cancer Treatment Group/Mayo Clinic 5-day bolus 5FU/LV regimen. This phase III study investigated the effect of combining oxaliplatin with LV5FU2, with progression-free survival as the primary end point. PATIENTS AND METHODS Four hundred twenty previously untreated patients with measurable disease were randomized to receive a 2-hour infusion of LV (200 mg/m2/d) followed by a 5FU bolus (400 mg/m2/d) and 22-hour infusion (600 mg/m2/d) for 2 consecutive days every 2 weeks, either alone or together with oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 as a 2-hour infusion on day 1. RESULTS Patients allocated to oxaliplatin plus LV5FU2 had significantly longer progression-free survival (median, 9.0 v 6.2 months; P = .0003) and better response rate (50.7% v 22.3%; P = .0001) when compared with the control arm. The improvement in overall survival did not reach significance (median, 16.2 v 14.7 months; P = .12). LV5FU2 plus oxaliplatin gave higher frequencies of National Cancer Institute common toxicity criteria grade 3/4 neutropenia (41.7% v 5.3% of patients), grade 3/4 diarrhea (11.9% v 5.3%), and grade 3 neurosensory toxicity (18.2% v 0%), but this did not result in impairment of quality of life (QoL). Survival without disease progression or deterioration in global health status was longer in patients allocated to oxaliplatin treatment (P = .004). CONCLUSION The LV5FU2-oxaliplatin combination seems beneficial as first-line therapy in advanced colorectal cancer, demonstrating a prolonged progression-free survival with acceptable tolerability and maintenance of QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de Gramont
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Figer
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Seymour
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Homerin
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Hmissi
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Cassidy
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Boni
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - H Cortes-Funes
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Cervantes
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - G Freyer
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - D Papamichael
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - N Le Bail
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Louvet
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - D Hendler
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - F de Braud
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Wilson
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - F Morvan
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Bonetti
- From the Service de Médecine Interne-OncologieHôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Debiopharm, Charenton; Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Benite; and Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Pontoise, France; Institute of Oncology, Belinson Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Medicine Research Unit, University of Leeds; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Department of Medical Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London; and Addenbrooke's National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Servizio di Oncologia Medica, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia; Instituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan; and Clinical Oncology Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Div Oncologia Medica Azienda, Ospedaliera di Verona, Verona, Italy; Servicio de Oncología, the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid; and Servicio de Onco-Hematologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
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Baker RM, Ahmed M, Bertotti M, Cassidy J, Chipuriro R, Clewett E, Donaldson C, Elders A, Fenge LA, Fox J, Galway K, Gildea A, McGuinness A, McLean J, Manoukian S, Mason H, Morgan A, Mulholland J, O'Hare L, Paterson A, Porter S, Rendall J, Roy MJ, Seaman P, Simpson M, Steiner A, Kelly MP. Common health assets protocol: a mixed-methods, realist evaluation and economic appraisal of how community-led organisations (CLOs) impact on the health and well-being of people living in deprived areas. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069979. [PMID: 36927592 PMCID: PMC10030928 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This research investigates how community-led organisations' (CLOs') use of assets-based approaches improves health and well-being, and how that might be different in different contexts. Assets-based approaches involve 'doing with' rather than 'doing to' and bring people in communities together to achieve positive change using their own knowledge, skills and experience. Some studies have shown that such approaches can have a positive effect on health and well-being. However, research is limited, and we know little about which approaches lead to which outcomes and how different contexts might affect success. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Using a realist approach, we will work with 15 CLOs based in disadvantaged communities in England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. A realist synthesis of review papers, and a policy analysis in different contexts, precedes qualitative interviews and workshops with stakeholders, to find out how CLOs' programmes work and identify existing data. We will explore participants' experiences through: a Q methodology study; participatory photography workshops; qualitative interviews and measure outcomes using a longitudinal survey, with 225 CLO participants, to assess impact for people who connect with the CLOs. An economic analysis will estimate costs and benefits to participants, for different contexts and mechanisms. A 'Lived Experience Panel' of people connected with our CLOs as participants or volunteers, will ensure the appropriateness of the research, interpretation and reporting of findings. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This project, research tools and consent processes have been approved by the Glasgow Caledonian University School of Health and Life Sciences Ethics Committee, and affirmed by Ethics Committees at Bournemouth University, Queen's University Belfast and the University of East London. Common Health Assets does not involve any National Health Service sites, staff or patients.Findings will be presented through social media, project website, blogs, policy briefings, journal articles, conferences and visually in short digital stories, and photographic exhibitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Mairi Baker
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Marcello Bertotti
- Institute for Connected Communities, University of East London, London, UK
| | - John Cassidy
- Scottish Communities for Health and Wellbeing, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rejoice Chipuriro
- Department of Social Sciences and Social Work, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Emma Clewett
- Institute for Connected Communities, University of East London, London, UK
| | - Cam Donaldson
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew Elders
- NMAHP Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lee Ann Fenge
- Department of Social Sciences and Social Work, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Julie Fox
- Annexe Communities Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karen Galway
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Aideen Gildea
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | - Sarkis Manoukian
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Helen Mason
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Antony Morgan
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jill Mulholland
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Liam O'Hare
- Innovation Zones, School of Social Science, Education and Social Work, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Sam Porter
- Department of Social Sciences and Social Work, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Jack Rendall
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael J Roy
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Peter Seaman
- Glasgow Centre for Population Health, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Artur Steiner
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael P Kelly
- Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Tobin S, Cassidy J, Kurian K, Betts A. Analysis of copper(. Aust J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/ch22164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In deionised water, ascorbic acid (AH−), through oxidation by oxygen in the presence of copper(ii), was found to degrade with zero-order kinetics. The magnitude of the reaction rate varied directly with the copper(ii) concentration. At a higher pH (7.4), the same reaction was found to be pseudo-first order. Once again, the magnitude of the rate increased linearly with copper(ii) concentration at a micromolar level. Dissolved oxygen levels, in excess AH− and trace copper(ii), displayed similar kinetics under both conditions. Monitoring of either AH− levels or dissolved oxygen concentration was found to be a useful novel undergraduate practical laboratory for trace copper(ii) determination. Students can measure the kinetics for standards and their unknown copper solution and quantitate the unknown copper.
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McNamara S, Vajda J, Cassidy J, Bridges G, Guillette C, Sistek K, Goffin B, Brunson A, Ong T. 97 Improving oral glucose tolerance testing rate through a cross-disciplinary quality improvement collaboration. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00788-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Rosenfeld M, Ong T, Carlin K, McNamara S, Gorry S, Kanter A, Gibson R, Cassidy J, Greene L, Choi M, Reonal R, Culley L, Thompson J. 68: Improving timeliness of CF diagnosis following a positive CF newborn screen in Washington State. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cassidy J, McNamara S, Gorry S, Hughes R, Vajda J, Hill L, Akers M, Greene L, Ong T. 144: Quality improvement process to improve home spirometer use in a pediatric CF care center. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gudiño V, Pohl SÖG, Billard CV, Cammareri P, Bolado A, Aitken S, Stevenson D, Hall AE, Agostino M, Cassidy J, Nixon C, von Kriegsheim A, Freile P, Popplewell L, Dickson G, Murphy L, Wheeler A, Dunlop M, Din F, Strathdee D, Sansom OJ, Myant KB. RAC1B modulates intestinal tumourigenesis via modulation of WNT and EGFR signalling pathways. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2335. [PMID: 33879799 PMCID: PMC8058071 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapeutic options for treating colorectal cancer have little clinical efficacy and acquired resistance during treatment is common, even following patient stratification. Understanding the mechanisms that promote therapy resistance may lead to the development of novel therapeutic options that complement existing treatments and improve patient outcome. Here, we identify RAC1B as an important mediator of colorectal tumourigenesis and a potential target for enhancing the efficacy of EGFR inhibitor treatment. We find that high RAC1B expression in human colorectal cancer is associated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis and deletion of Rac1b in a mouse colorectal cancer model reduces tumourigenesis. We demonstrate that RAC1B interacts with, and is required for efficient activation of the EGFR signalling pathway. Moreover, RAC1B inhibition sensitises cetuximab resistant human tumour organoids to the effects of EGFR inhibition, outlining a potential therapeutic target for improving the clinical efficacy of EGFR inhibitors in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Gudiño
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) - CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastian Öther-Gee Pohl
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Caroline V Billard
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Patrizia Cammareri
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alfonso Bolado
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Stuart Aitken
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - David Stevenson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Adam E Hall
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Mark Agostino
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
- Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - John Cassidy
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Paz Freile
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Linda Popplewell
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway - University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - George Dickson
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway - University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Laura Murphy
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ann Wheeler
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Malcolm Dunlop
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Farhat Din
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Douglas Strathdee
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Kevin B Myant
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
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8
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Raheem K, Cassidy J, Betts A, Ryan B. Use of confocal Raman microscopy to characterise ethyl cyanoacrylate adhesive depth curing. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23899-23907. [PMID: 33073814 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04053c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In situ spatial temporal measurement of monomer conversion during adhesive bondline curing remains a challenging area. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the effectiveness of using confocal Raman microscopy in a specially configured experimental set-up, as a versatile tool for measuring monomer concentration changes as a function of both time and adhesive bond depth during ethyl cyanoacrylate polymerisation. This also allowed monitoring of the extent of polymerisation at the adhesive substrate interface independently of the bulk bondline polymerisation region. Key kinetic parameters such as inhibition time tlag, rate of reaction Rmax and extent of reaction [αt]max were obtained by fitting the experimental data to sigmoidal growth curves using simple piecewise regression models. A systematic characterisation of a polymerisation reaction was conducted using different sample substrate types (copper alloy (red brass), aluminium, aluminium alloy, stainless steel and borosilicate glass) and at various reaction temperatures. Reaction rates were found to decrease further away from the substrate interface in the bulk volume region. The fastest kinetics occurred in the vicinity of nucleophilic hydroxyl rich surfaces such as at the copper alloy (red brass). In addition to substrate surface chemistry, surface roughness was also a factor, with the highest reaction rates occurring with a grit blasted (roughened) aluminium alloy (2024 T3) surface. An approximately linear dependence of the ln Rmaxvs. 1/T (Arrhenius) plot was recorded within the temperature range of 291-328 K. A better fit was obtained however through the use of two separate linear slopes, possibly indicative of a change of polymerisation reaction mechanism taking place at elevated temperatures with two distinct activation energies. Further work conducted using a larger number of temperatures would be useful to verify this finding. This work confirmed that differences in the rates of interfacial and bulk polymerisation processes could be readily measured in situ using confocal Raman microscopy which is a powerful technique for investigating such surface-confined and bulk polymerisation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Raheem
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin, Ireland and Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin, D08NF72, Ireland
| | - John Cassidy
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin, Ireland and Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin, D08NF72, Ireland
| | - Anthony Betts
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, FOCAS Institute, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, Dublin, Ireland and Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin, D08NF72, Ireland
| | - Bernard Ryan
- Ireland, Henkel, Tallaght Business Park, Whitestown Industrial Estate, Dublin 24, Ireland
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9
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Ezhova I, Savidge L, Bonnett C, Cassidy J, Okwuokei A, Dickinson T. Barriers to older adults seeking sexual health advice and treatment: A scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud 2020; 107:103566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Al Kindi M, Cassidy J, Gilham D, Fritzler M, Hissaria P. Autoantibodies to mRNA processing pathways (glycine and tryptophan-rich bodies antibodies): prevalence and clinical utility in a South Australian cohort. Pathology 2019; 51:723-726. [PMID: 31630877 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies to glycine and tryptophan-rich bodies (GWB) can be detected on routine antinuclear antibodies (ANA) testing and might have important disease associations. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anti-GWB antibodies identified on routine ANA testing, define their antigenic specificities and describe their clinical association. Anti-GWB antibodies were identified by distinct cytoplasmic staining pattern on all samples referred for ANA testing over a 6-month period. All positive anti-GWB samples were further tested on a multiplex addressable bead immunoassay (ALBIA) with known GWB antigens. Extractable nuclear antigens (ENA) were characterised by line immunoblot assay. Clinical details were collected retrospectively by contacting patients and the requesting clinicians. Eleven patients (7 females, 4 males) out of a total of 2136 positive ANAs requested on 11,265 samples had the classical GWB pattern (0.5%). The median age of patients was 66 years (range 39-92). There was no consistent disease association. Ten were confirmed to have distinct antigenic specificity for known GWB antigens. Ge-1/Hedls and RAP55 were the most common antigenic specificity targets [seen in 7 patients (64%) and in 5 patients (45%), respectively]. Ro52 was positive in 5/9 (56%) patients, SSB in 2/9 (22%) patients and Ro60 in 1/9 (11%) patient. The clinical association of anti-GWB antibodies is uncertain but might point towards autoimmune origin of certain non-specific musculoskeletal symptoms. The antigenic specificity of anti-GWB reactivity could point towards specific clinical associations: anti-RAP55 and Ge-1 in non-specific musculoskeletal conditions versus anti-GW182 in neurological diseases.
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11
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Vysokov NV, Silva JP, Lelianova VG, Suckling J, Cassidy J, Blackburn JK, Yankova N, Djamgoz MB, Kozlov SV, Tonevitsky AG, Ushkaryov YA. Proteolytically released Lasso/teneurin-2 induces axonal attraction by interacting with latrophilin-1 on axonal growth cones. eLife 2018; 7:37935. [PMID: 30457553 PMCID: PMC6245728 DOI: 10.7554/elife.37935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A presynaptic adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor, latrophilin-1, and a postsynaptic transmembrane protein, Lasso/teneurin-2, are implicated in trans-synaptic interaction that contributes to synapse formation. Surprisingly, during neuronal development, a substantial proportion of Lasso is released into the intercellular space by regulated proteolysis, potentially precluding its function in synaptogenesis. We found that released Lasso binds to cell-surface latrophilin-1 on axonal growth cones. Using microfluidic devices to create stable gradients of soluble Lasso, we show that it induces axonal attraction, without increasing neurite outgrowth. Using latrophilin-1 knockout in mice, we demonstrate that latrophilin-1 is required for this effect. After binding latrophilin-1, Lasso causes downstream signaling, which leads to an increase in cytosolic calcium and enhanced exocytosis, processes that are known to mediate growth cone steering. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of axonal pathfinding, whereby latrophilin-1 and Lasso mediate both short-range interaction that supports synaptogenesis, and long-range signaling that induces axonal attraction. The brain is a complex mesh of interconnected neurons, with each cell making tens, hundreds, or even thousands of connections. These links can stretch over long distances, and establishing them correctly during development is essential. Developing neurons send out long and thin structures, called axons, to reach distant cells. To guide these growing axons, neurons release molecules that work as traffic signals: some attract axons whilst others repel them, helping the burgeoning structures to twist and turn along their travel paths. When an axon reaches its target cell, the two cells join to each other by forming a structure called a synapse. To make the connection, surface proteins on the axon latch onto matching proteins on the target cell, zipping up the synapse. There are many different types of synapses in the brain, but we only know a few of the surface molecules involved in their creation – not enough to explain synaptic variety. Two of these surface proteins are latrophilin-1, which is produced by the growing axon, and Lasso, which sits on the membrane of the target cell. The two proteins interact strongly, anchoring the axon to the target cell and allowing the synapse to form. However, a previous recent discovery by Vysokov et al. has revealed that an enzyme can also cut Lasso from the membrane of the target cell. The ‘free’ protein can still interact with latrophilin-1, but as it is shed by the target cell, it can no longer serve as an anchor for the synapse. Could it be that free Lasso acts as a traffic signal instead? Here, Vysokov et al. tried to answer this by growing neurons from a part of the brain called the hippocampus in a special labyrinth dish. When free Lasso was gradually introduced in the culture through microscopic channels, it interacted with latrophilin-1 on the surface of the axons. This triggered internal changes that led the axons to add more membrane where they had sensed Lasso, making them grow towards the source of the signal. The results demonstrate that a target cell can both carry and release Lasso, using this duplicitous protein to help attract growing axons as well as anchor them. The work by Vysokov et al. contributes to our knowledge of how neurons normally connect, which could shed light on how this process can go wrong. This may be relevant to understand conditions such as schizophrenia and ADHD, where patients’ brains often show incorrect wiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolai V Vysokov
- School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,BrainPatch Ltd, London, United Kingdom
| | - John-Paul Silva
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Bioanalytical Sciences, Non-clinical development, UCB-Pharma, Berkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Vera G Lelianova
- School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Suckling
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Thomsons Online Benefits, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Cassidy
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Arix Bioscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer K Blackburn
- School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom.,Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Natalia Yankova
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa Ba Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serguei V Kozlov
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, United States
| | - Alexander G Tonevitsky
- Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.,Scientific Research Centre Bioclinicum, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri A Ushkaryov
- School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Rossi SM, Murray TE, Cassidy J, Lee MJ, Kelly HM. A Custom Radiopaque Thermoresponsive Chemotherapy-Loaded Hydrogel for Intratumoural Injection: An In Vitro and Ex Vivo Assessment of Imaging Characteristics and Material Properties. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2018; 42:289-297. [PMID: 30390105 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-018-2103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thermoresponsive hydrogels are gels which have different properties at varying temperatures. The objective of this study was to assess the material characteristics, imaging properties and chemotherapeutic drug release profile of a novel radiopaque thermoresponsive hydrogel in vitro, which is liquid at room temperature but solidifies at body temperature, to determine potential suitability for intratumoural delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS An iodinated radiopaque thermoresponsive hydrogel was formulated using iodixanol at a range of concentrations and assessed for sol-gel transition, radiopacity and imaging using CT and US. A lead formulation containing iodixanol at a concentration of 9.22% weight by weight (w/w, g of iodixanol per g of hydrogel) was evaluated in vitro for injectability, disintegration and dual drug release of cisplatin and paclitaxel from the hydrogel formulation. RESULTS Radiopacity of the hydrogel increased in a concentration-dependent manner, but the highest concentration of iodixanol evaluated in this study (13.83% w/w) adversely affected the sol-gel transition of the hydrogel; therefore, 9.22% w/w iodixanol hydrogel was identified as the lead formulation. This formulation was readily visible on both CT and US. The formulation was hand injectable through a range of clinically relevant devices, had a sustained disintegration profile for up to 28 days and was able to deliver a sustained release of chemotherapeutic drug for up to 10 days. CONCLUSIONS Favourable in vitro and ex vivo imaging and material characteristics of this thermoresponsive gel are demonstrated, suggesting potential interventional oncology applications for image-guided intratumoural delivery of sustained-release chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seóna M Rossi
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - John Cassidy
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Michael J Lee
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Helena M Kelly
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland. .,Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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13
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Razgoniaeva N, Rogers S, Moroz P, Cassidy J, Zamkov M. Improving the spectral resolution in fluorescence microscopy through shaped-excitation imaging. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2018; 6:045006. [PMID: 30078787 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/aad81c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The visualization of distinct molecular species represents an important challenge of bio-imaging research. In past decades, the development of multicolor fluorescent (FL) labels has greatly improved our ability to track biological analytes, paving the way for important advances in understanding the cell dynamics. It remains challenging, however, to visualize a large number of different fluorephores simultaneously. Owing to a spectrally broad absorption of fluorescent dyes, only up to five color categories can be resolved at once. Here, we demonstrate a general strategy for distinguishing between multiple fluorescent targets in acquired microscopy images with improved accuracy. The present strategy is enabled through spectral shaping of the excitation light with an optical filter that uniquely attenuates the light absorption of each fluorophore in the investigated sample. The resulting emission changes, induced by such excitation modulation, are therefore target-specific and can be used for identifying various fluorescent species. The technique is demonstrated through an accurate identification of 8 different CdSe dyes with absorption maxima spanning the 520-620 spectral range. It is subsequently applied for accurate measurements of the pH balance in buffers emulating a metabolism of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Razgoniaeva
- The Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States of America. Department of Physics, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States of America
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14
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Cody D, Gul SE, Mikulchyk T, Irfan M, Kharchenko A, Goldyn K, Martin S, Mintova S, Cassidy J, Naydenova I. Self-processing photopolymer materials for versatile design and fabrication of holographic sensors and interactive holograms. Appl Opt 2018; 57:E173-E183. [PMID: 30117858 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.00e173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to discuss the benefits as well as the limitations of utilizing photopolymer materials in the design of holograms that are responsive to changes in their environment, such as changes in the concentration of a specific substance, temperature, and pressure. Three different case studies are presented, including both surface and volume phase holograms, in order to demonstrate the flexibility in the approach of utilizing holographic photopolymers for the design of sensors and interactive optical devices. First, a functionalized surface relief hologram is demonstrated to operate as an optical sensor for the detection of metal ions in water. The sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor are investigated. The second example demonstrates a volume transmission hologram recorded in a temperature-sensitive photopolymer and the memory effects of its exposure to elevated temperature. Finally, a pressure-sensitive reflection hologram that changes color under application of pressure is characterized, and its potential application in document authentication is described.
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15
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Abstract
Microvascular injury is an important factor in renal allograft survival. Repeated episodes of endothelial injury from chronic antibody-mediated rejection typically manifest at the ultrastructural level as circumferential multilayering of remodeled glomerular basement membrane material and peritubular capillary basal lamina. In contrast to this typical pattern of microvascular injury, a renal transplantation case is presented in which focally dilated and multilayered segments of peritubular capillary basal lamina bearing lipid droplets were interspersed with ultrastructurally normal unilayered segments of basal lamina devoid of lipid droplets. Glomerular basement membranes were not affected by this process. The peak incidence of lipid droplets within the peritubular capillary walls coincided with a peak in apoptotic activity within the allograft. Lesser amounts of the same lipidic material were identified in the mesangial matrix and an arteriolar wall. Mesangial electron-dense deposits were detected at two weeks posttransplantation and their appearance coincided with elevated immunological activity in the glomeruli, as determined by immunofluorescence microscopy. The unusual ultrastructure and immunological activity observed in this case may reflect a process of impaired apoptotic clearance within the allograft. The six biopsies from a single patient are discussed in the setting of a highly sensitized renal transplant recipient who received prophylactic terminal complement blockade by eculizumab. The findings may be relevant to the study of apoptosis, efferocytosis, microvascular injury, eculizumab, rejection, lupus, and drug-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Brealey
- a Department of Anatomical Pathology , SA Pathology , Adelaide , Australia
| | - John Cassidy
- b Department of Immunology , SA Pathology , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Jim Manavis
- c Department of Neuropathology , SA Pathology , Adelaide , Australia
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16
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Banasiak A, Cassidy J, Colleran J. A novel quantitative electrochemical method to monitor DNA double-strand breaks caused by a DNA cleavage agent at a DNA sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:217-223. [PMID: 29906769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To date, DNA cleavage, caused by cleavage agents, has been monitored mainly by gel and capillary electrophoresis. However, these techniques are time-consuming, non-quantitative and require gel stains. In this work, a novel, simple and, importantly, a quantitative method for monitoring the DNA nuclease activity of potential anti-cancer drugs, at a DNA electrochemical sensor, is presented. The DNA sensors were prepared using thiol-modified oligonucleotides that self-assembled to create a DNA monolayer at gold electrode surfaces. The quantification of DNA double-strand breaks is based on calculating the DNA surface coverage, before and after exposure to a DNA cleavage agent. The nuclease properties of a model DNA cleavage agent, copper bis-phenanthroline ([CuII(phen)2]2+), that can cleave DNA in a Fenton-type reaction, were quantified electrochemically. The DNA surface coverage decreased on average by 21% after subjecting the DNA sensor to a nuclease assay containing [CuII(phen)2]2+, a reductant and an oxidant. This percentage indicates that 6 base pairs were cleaved in the nuclease assay from the immobilised 30 base pair strands. The DNA cleavage can be also induced electrochemically in the absence of a chemical reductant. [CuII(phen)2]2+ intercalates between DNA base pairs and, on application of a suitable potential, can be reduced to [CuI(phen)2]+, with dissolved oxygen acting as the required oxidant. This reduction process is facilitated through DNA strands via long-range electron transfer, resulting in DNA cleavage of 23%. The control measurements for both chemically and electrochemically induced cleavage revealed that DNA strand breaks did not occur under experimental conditions in the absence of [CuII(phen)2]2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Banasiak
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, Dublin Institute of Technology, FOCAS Institute, Camden Row, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - John Cassidy
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, Dublin Institute of Technology, FOCAS Institute, Camden Row, Dublin 8, Ireland; School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - John Colleran
- Applied Electrochemistry Group, Dublin Institute of Technology, FOCAS Institute, Camden Row, Dublin 8, Ireland; School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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17
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Garza-Cuartero L, O'Sullivan J, Blanco A, McNair J, Welsh M, Flynn RJ, Williams D, Diggle P, Cassidy J, Mulcahy G. Fasciola hepatica infection reduces Mycobacterium bovis burden and mycobacterial uptake and suppresses the pro-inflammatory response. Parasite Immunol 2017; 38:387-402. [PMID: 27108767 PMCID: PMC6680181 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, has an annual incidence in cattle of 0.5% in the Republic of Ireland and 4.7% in the UK, despite long‐standing eradication programmes being in place. Failure to achieve complete eradication is multifactorial, but the limitations of diagnostic tests are significant complicating factors. Previously, we have demonstrated that Fasciola hepatica infection, highly prevalent in these areas, induced reduced sensitivity of the standard diagnostic tests for BTB in animals co‐infected with F. hepatica and M. bovis. This was accompanied by a reduced M. bovis‐specific Th1 immune response. We hypothesized that these changes in co‐infected animals would be accompanied by enhanced growth of M. bovis. However, we show here that mycobacterial burden in cattle is reduced in animals co‐infected with F. hepatica. Furthermore, we demonstrate a lower mycobacterial recovery and uptake in blood monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDM) from F. hepatica‐infected cattle which is associated with suppression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and a switch to alternative activation of macrophages. However, the cell surface expression of TLR2 and CD14 in MDM from F. hepatica‐infected cattle is increased. These findings reflecting the bystander effect of helminth‐induced downregulation of pro‐inflammatory responses provide insights to understand host‐pathogen interactions in co‐infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Garza-Cuartero
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J O'Sullivan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Blanco
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J McNair
- Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, UK
| | - M Welsh
- CSO, SISAF, The Innovation Centre, Belfast, UK
| | - R J Flynn
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - D Williams
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Diggle
- Division of Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - J Cassidy
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Mulcahy
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Cassidy J, Betz V, Lilge L. Image-to-plan workflow for PDT treatment planning. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wojcieszek AM, Boyle FM, Belizán JM, Cassidy J, Cassidy P, Erwich JJHM, Farrales L, Gross MM, Heazell AEP, Leisher SH, Mills T, Murphy M, Pettersson K, Ravaldi C, Ruidiaz J, Siassakos D, Silver RM, Storey C, Vannacci A, Middleton P, Ellwood D, Flenady V. Care in subsequent pregnancies following stillbirth: an international survey of parents. BJOG 2016; 125:193-201. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Fracasso P, Freeman D, Simonsen K, Shen Y, Gupta M, Comprelli A, Gainor J, Hellmann M, Chow L, Forde P, Govindan R, Reilly T, Cassidy J. A phase 2, fast real-time assessment of combination therapies in immuno-oncology trial in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (FRACTION-lung). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw383.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mollayeva T, Pratt B, Shapiro C, Cassidy J, Colantonio A. Insomnia and self-perceived disability in workers with delayed recovery after mild traumatic brain injury/concussion. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Eculizumab is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits the conversion of complement protein C5 to C5a and C5b. Eculizumab has been used to treat some disorders of complement regulation owing to its ability to inhibit terminal complement activation. The efficacy of eculizumab in reducing complement-mediated microvascular injury in renal allografts is currently the subject of trials. Electron-dense deposit was detected in allograft biopsies from three highly sensitized recipients of renal transplants, all of whom had received prophylactic eculizumab therapy. In two cases, the deposit was probably drug-derived whilst in the third case the deposit was probably derived from recurrent disease. The cases demonstrate the potential difficulty in interpreting electron-dense deposit in renal allograft biopsies, particularly in the setting of eculizumab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Brealey
- a Department of Anatomical Pathology , SA Pathology , Adelaide , Australia
| | - John Cassidy
- b Department of Human Immunology , SA Pathology , Adelaide , Australia
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Myant K, Qiao X, Halonen T, Come C, Laine A, Janghorban M, Partanen JI, Cassidy J, Ogg EL, Cammareri P, Laiterä T, Okkeri J, Klefström J, Sears RC, Sansom OJ, Westermarck J. Serine 62-Phosphorylated MYC Associates with Nuclear Lamins and Its Regulation by CIP2A Is Essential for Regenerative Proliferation. Cell Rep 2015; 12:1019-31. [PMID: 26235622 PMCID: PMC4535171 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An understanding of the mechanisms determining MYC's transcriptional and proliferation-promoting activities in vivo could facilitate approaches for MYC targeting. However, post-translational mechanisms that control MYC function in vivo are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that MYC phosphorylation at serine 62 enhances MYC accumulation on Lamin A/C-associated nuclear structures and that the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibitor protein CIP2A is required for this process. CIP2A is also critical for serum-induced MYC phosphorylation and for MYC-elicited proliferation induction in vitro. Complementary transgenic approaches and an intestinal regeneration model further demonstrated the in vivo importance of CIP2A and serine 62 phosphorylation for MYC activity upon DNA damage. However, targeting of CIP2A did not influence the normal function of intestinal crypt cells. These data underline the importance of nuclear organization in the regulation of MYC phosphorylation, leading to an in vivo demonstration of a strategy for inhibiting MYC activity without detrimental physiological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Myant
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Xi Qiao
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pathology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tuuli Halonen
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Christophe Come
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Anni Laine
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Mahnaz Janghorban
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Johanna I Partanen
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - John Cassidy
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Erinn-Lee Ogg
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Tiina Laiterä
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Okkeri
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Klefström
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rosalie C Sears
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Owen J Sansom
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Pathology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.
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Caan W, Cassidy J, Coverdale G, Ha MA, Nicholson W, Rao M. The value of using schools as community assets for health. Public Health 2014; 129:3-16. [PMID: 25481543 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In planning, designing, procuring and ensuring delivery of improved services ('commissioning') for the school age population, the outcomes should be students who are healthy to learn and who learn to be healthy. Intuitively, linking education and health development together within the wider learning environment seems a good start to planning school health. However there has been a shortage of either theoretical models that can span different settings or experimental research that demonstrates improved community health. Is there evidence that the wider learning environment provided in a school is valuable in improving health? An initial scoping exercise identified domains of health where there was a promise of health gain. International literature on school health outcomes using the framework of Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) has been reviewed. It was found that research on a variety of interventions was relevant to schools as an asset for public health. Effective areas for health gain were identified for local planning and evaluation using this community model. However, none of the studies reviewed was originally designed to test schools as assets and most of the research lacked methodological rigour, especially regarding children in low income countries. The ABCD model could help national governments develop resources for both education and health, but there is a global need to generate better quality evidence. Then people who commission for their local communities can make more effective use of these multifaceted assets to improve health and education outcomes for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Caan
- Royal Society for Public Health, UK.
| | | | - G Coverdale
- University of Leeds, School of Healthcare, UK
| | - M-A Ha
- Anglia Ruskin University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, UK
| | | | - M Rao
- University of East London, Institute for Health & Human Development, UK
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Douillard JY, Siena S, Cassidy J, Tabernero J, Burkes R, Barugel M, Humblet Y, Bodoky G, Cunningham D, Jassem J, Rivera F, Kocákova I, Ruff P, Błasińska-Morawiec M, Šmakal M, Canon JL, Rother M, Oliner KS, Tian Y, Xu F, Sidhu R. Final results from PRIME: randomized phase III study of panitumumab with FOLFOX4 for first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2014; 25:1346-1355. [PMID: 24718886 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Panitumumab Randomized trial In combination with chemotherapy for Metastatic colorectal cancer to determine Efficacy (PRIME) demonstrated that panitumumab-FOLFOX4 significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) versus FOLFOX4 as first-line treatment of wild-type (WT) KRAS metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), the primary end point of the study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomized 1:1 to panitumumab 6.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks + FOLFOX4 (arm 1) or FOLFOX4 (arm 2). This prespecified final descriptive analysis of efficacy and safety was planned for 30 months after the last patient was enrolled. RESULTS A total of 1183 patients were randomized. Median PFS for WT KRAS mCRC was 10.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 9.3-11.4 months] for arm 1 and 8.6 months (95% CI 7.5-9.5 months) for arm 2; hazard ratio (HR) = 0.80; 95% CI 0.67-0.95; P = 0.01. Median overall survival (OS) for WT KRAS mCRC was 23.9 months (95% CI 20.3-27.7 months) for arm 1 and 19.7 months (95% CI 17.6-22.7 months) for arm 2; HR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.73-1.06; P = 0.17 (68% OS events). An exploratory analysis of updated survival (>80% OS events) was carried out which demonstrated improvement in OS; HR = 0.83; 95% CI 0.70-0.98; P = 0.03 for WT KRAS mCRC. The adverse event profile was consistent with the primary analysis. CONCLUSIONS In WT KRAS mCRC, PFS was improved, objective response was higher, and there was a trend toward improved OS with panitumumab-FOLFOX4, with significant improvement in OS observed in an updated analysis of survival in patients with WT KRAS mCRC treated with panitumumab + FOLFOX4 versus FOLFOX4 alone (P = 0.03). These data support a positive benefit-risk profile for panitumumab-FOLFOX4 for patients with previously untreated WT KRAS mCRC. KRAS testing is critical to select appropriate patients for treatment with panitumumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Douillard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre René Gauducheau, Nantes, France.
| | - S Siena
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - J Cassidy
- Division of Cancer Sciences and Molecular Pathology, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Tabernero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Burkes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Barugel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de Gastroenterología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Y Humblet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Bodoky
- Department of Oncology, Szent Laszlo Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - D Cunningham
- Gastrointestinal Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Jassem
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - F Rivera
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - I Kocákova
- Oncology Department, Masarykuv Onkologicky Ustav, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Ruff
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - M Šmakal
- Department of Oncology, Institut Onkologie a Rehabilitace na Plesi s.r.o., Nová Ves pod Pleší, Czech Republic
| | - J L Canon
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - M Rother
- Department of Oncology, The Credit Valley Hospital, Mississauga,Canada
| | - K S Oliner
- Department of Medical Sciences, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks
| | - Y Tian
- Department of Biostatistics, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks
| | - F Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks
| | - R Sidhu
- Department of Global Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, USA
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Villa-Gomez DK, Cassidy J, Keesman KJ, Sampaio R, Lens PNL. Sulfide response analysis for sulfide control using a pS electrode in sulfate reducing bioreactors. Water Res 2014; 50:48-58. [PMID: 24361702 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Step changes in the organic loading rate (OLR) through variations in the influent chemical oxygen demand (CODin) concentration or in the hydraulic retention time (HRT) at constant COD/SO4(2-) ratio (0.67) were applied to create sulfide responses for the design of a sulfide control in sulfate reducing bioreactors. The sulfide was measured using a sulfide ion selective electrode (pS) and the values obtained were used to calculate proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller parameters. The experiments were performed in an inverse fluidized bed bioreactor with automated operation using the LabVIEW software version 2009(®). A rapid response and high sulfide increment was obtained through a stepwise increase in the CODin concentration, while a stepwise decrease to the HRT exhibited a slower response with smaller sulfide increment. Irrespective of the way the OLR was decreased, the pS response showed a time-varying behavior due to sulfide accumulation (HRT change) or utilization of substrate sources that were not accounted for (CODin change). The pS electrode response, however, showed to be informative for applications in sulfate reducing bioreactors. Nevertheless, the recorded pS values need to be corrected for pH variations and high sulfide concentrations (>200 mg/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Villa-Gomez
- Chair Group Pollution Prevention and Resource Recovery, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - J Cassidy
- Chair Group Pollution Prevention and Resource Recovery, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - K J Keesman
- Systems and Control Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Sampaio
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - P N L Lens
- Chair Group Pollution Prevention and Resource Recovery, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands
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Astratine L, Magner E, Cassidy J, Betts A. Electrodeposition and Characterisation of Copolymers Based on Pyrrole and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene in BMIM BF4 Using a Microcell Configuration. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.10.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S. D. Cahalan
- Veterinary Sciences Centre; School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine; University College Dublin, Belfield; Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - L. Sheridan
- Veterinary Sciences Centre; School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine; University College Dublin, Belfield; Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - C. R. Akers
- Veterinary Sciences Centre; School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine; University College Dublin, Belfield; Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - I. Lorenz
- Veterinary Sciences Centre; School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine; University College Dublin, Belfield; Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - J. Cassidy
- Veterinary Sciences Centre; School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine; University College Dublin, Belfield; Dublin 4 Ireland
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Twelves C, Scheithauer W, McKendrick J, Seitz JF, Van Hazel G, Wong A, Díaz-Rubio E, Gilberg F, Cassidy J. Capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid as adjuvant therapy for stage III colon cancer: final results from the X-ACT trial with analysis by age and preliminary evidence of a pharmacodynamic marker of efficacy. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:1190-1197. [PMID: 21896539 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This multicenter randomized trial compared oral capecitabine with bolus i.v. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/folinic acid (FA) as adjuvant therapy for stage III colon cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were assigned to 24 weeks of capecitabine 1250 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1-14 every 3 weeks or 5-FU/FA (Mayo Clinic regimen). The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS The intent-to-treat population received capecitabine (n = 1004) or 5-FU/FA (n = 983). With a median follow-up of 6.9 years, capecitabine was at least equivalent to 5-FU/FA in terms of DFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77-1.01] and overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.74-1.01); the 95% CI upper limits were significantly less than the predefined noninferiority margins of 1.20 (P < 0.0001) and 1.14 (P < 0.001), respectively. This pattern was maintained in all subgroups, including patients aged ≥ 70 years. Preplanned multivariate analyses showed that capecitabine had statistically significant beneficial effects on DFS (P = 0.021) and OS (P = 0.020) versus 5-FU/FA. A post hoc analysis suggested that the occurrence of hand-foot syndrome may be associated with better outcomes in capecitabine recipients. CONCLUSION Oral capecitabine is an effective alternative to bolus 5-FU/FA as adjuvant treatment of patients with stage III colon cancer with efficacy benefits maintained at 5 years and in older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Twelves
- University of Leeds and St James's Institute of Oncology Hospital, Leeds Cancer Research UK Centre, Leeds, UK.
| | - W Scheithauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J McKendrick
- Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J-F Seitz
- Digestive Oncology Unit, Hôpital La Timone, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - G Van Hazel
- Perth Oncology, Mount Medical Centre, Perth, Australia
| | - A Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Canada
| | - E Díaz-Rubio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Gilberg
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Cassidy
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Perri G, Hasan A, Cassidy J, Kirk R, Haynes S, Smith J, Crossland D, Griselli M. Mechanical circulatory support after paediatric heart transplantation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012; 42:696-701. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Steele N, Anthony A, Saunders M, Esmarck B, Ehrnrooth E, Kristjansen PEG, Nihlén A, Hansen LT, Cassidy J. A phase 1 trial of recombinant human IL-21 in combination with cetuximab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:793-8. [PMID: 22315057 PMCID: PMC3305963 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-clinical data indicate enhanced anti-tumour activity when combining recombinant human interleukin-21 (rIL-21), a class 1 cytokine, with cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody, targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor. This phase 1 trial assessed the safety and tolerability of escalating doses of rIL-21 in combination with cetuximab in chemo-naïve patients with stage IV colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sequential cohorts of PS 0-1, asymptomatic patients, were treated weekly with cetuximab 250 mg m(-2) intravenously (i.v.) plus escalating i.v. doses of rIL-21 following an initial loading dose of cetuximab 400 mg m(-2). Initial treatment period was 8 weeks, with extension permitted in patients without disease progression. RESULTS In all, 15 patients were included in this study. Adverse events related to rIL-21 or rIL-21 plus cetuximab included lethargy, nausea/vomiting, stomatitis, lymphopenia and pyrexia and were mainly ≤ grade 2. One dose limiting toxicity occurred (grade 3 diarrhoea). Maximum tolerated dose was not determined because of the premature study closure. Maximum administered dose was 100 μg kg(-1) rIL-21 weekly. In all, 60% of the patients had stable disease. Immune activation was confirmed by various T- and NK-cell activation biomarkers, including dose-dependent increases in serum sCD25. CONCLUSION rIL-21 weekly combined with cetuximab is well tolerated at doses up to 100 μg kg(-1) and results in activation of immune response biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Steele
- CRUK Clinical Trials Unit, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK.
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Price TJ, Zannino D, Wilson K, Simes RJ, Cassidy J, Van Hazel GA, Robinson BA, Broad A, Ganju V, Ackland SP, Tebbutt NC. Bevacizumab is equally effective and no more toxic in elderly patients with advanced colorectal cancer: a subgroup analysis from the AGITG MAX trial: an international randomised controlled trial of Capecitabine, Bevacizumab and Mitomycin C. Ann Oncol 2011; 23:1531-6. [PMID: 22039086 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In an ageing population, a greater proportion of geriatric patients will be considered for systemic chemotherapy. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy and will be a major health issue in geriatrics. We used the MAX population to investigate whether age affected the improved outcome found in CRC when bevacizumab is added to capecitabine chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS MAX, a three arm study of Capecitabine (C) versus CBevacizumab (CB) versus CBMitomycin C (CBM), found an improvement in progression-free survival (PFS), with addition of B [+/- mitomycin C (MMC)] to C. This analysis assesses the effect of adding B (+/- MMC) to C on PFS, overall survival (OS), response rate (RR), toxicity and dose intensity in geriatric patients (age ≥ 75 years). RESULTS Ninety-nine patients (21%) were aged 75-86 years. Baseline characteristics were well balanced. Eighty-eight per cent commenced C at the lower optional dose of 2000 mg/m(2)/day; days 1-14, q21 (61% for <75 years) and 88% were Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0-1. Co-morbidities were as expected in this population. The addition of B significantly improved PFS in geriatric patients(C 5.8 months versus CB 8.8 months, Hazard ratio (HR) 0.65 and C versus CBM 10.4 months HR 0.38). The interaction test for OS, RR and PFS revealed no impact of age. Dose intensity was maintained >90% in all patients. There were no major differences in toxicity patterns between age cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Addition of B to C significantly improved PFS in this geriatric population, with similar benefits to those aged <75 years. Treatment was well tolerated with no signal of increased toxicity (including thromboembolism) when compared with those aged <75 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Price
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
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Siena S, Douillard J, Cassidy J, Tabernero J, Burkes R, Barugel M, Humblet Y, Cunningham D, Yu H, Krishnan K. 6143 POSTER Study 20050203/PRIME – Effect of Post-Progression Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) Therapy in Patients With Wild-Type (WT) KRas Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC). Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)71788-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Burkes R, Siena S, Cassidy J, Tabernero J, Barugel M, Humblet Y, Cunningham D, Xu F, Krishnan K, Douillard J. 6095 POSTER Randomized, Open-label, Phase 3 Study of Panitumumab (Pmab) With FOLFOX4 Vs FOLFOX4 Alone as 1st-line Treatment for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC) – the Role of Hypomagnesemia (Hypomag) on Efficacy. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)71740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tabernero J, Garcia-Carbonero R, Könne C, O'Dwyer P, Sobrero A, Van Cutsem E, Gladkov O, Davidenko I, Salazar R, Cassidy J. A Phase 2b, Double-Blind, Randomized Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Sorafenib (SOR) Compared With Placebo (PBO) When Administered in Combination With Chemotherapy (Modified FOLFOX6) for First-line Treatment (tx) of Patients (Pts) With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC). The RESPECT Trial. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)70118-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Capecitabine (Xeloda®, Roche, Basel, Switzerland) is a pro-drug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and it is converted to 5-FU in the cancer cell by enzymatic degradation. The role of capecitabine in colorectal cancer has evolved in the last 15 years. In early trials in the metastatic setting, capecitabine has shown superior response rates compared with those achieved with 5-FU (Mayo Clinic regimen) (26% vs 17%), with equivalent progression-free survival and overall survival. In the adjuvant setting, the Xeloda in Adjuvant Colon Cancer Therapy (X-ACT) trial demonstrated that capecitabine as a single agent led to improvement in relapse-free survival (hazard ratio: 0.86, 95% confidence interval: 0.74–0.99, P = 0.04) and was associated with significantly fewer adverse events than 5-FU plus leucovorin (LV, folinic acid). On the basis of the X-ACT trial, capecitabine was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, the National Institute for Clinical Excellence, and the Scottish Medicines Consortium as monotherapy for the adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer. The next step was to incorporate capecitabine into combination therapy. The XELOXA trial studied the combination of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) vs 5-FU/LV and demonstrated 5-year disease-free survival of 66% for XELOX, compared with 60% for 5-FU/LV. The toxicity profile was also quite comparable in the two arms. So both the single agent use of capecitabine as well as in combination with oxaliplatin can be considered as part of the standard of care in management of early colon cancer in appropriately selected patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hameed
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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Cassidy J, Clarke S, Díaz-Rubio E, Scheithauer W, Figer A, Wong R, Koski S, Rittweger K, Gilberg F, Saltz L. XELOX vs FOLFOX-4 as first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: NO16966 updated results. Br J Cancer 2011; 105:58-64. [PMID: 21673685 PMCID: PMC3137415 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We report updated overall survival (OS) data from study NO16966, which compared capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) vs 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid plus oxaliplatin (FOLFOX4) as first-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods: NO16966 was a randomised, two-arm, non-inferiority, phase III comparison of XELOX vs FOLFOX4, which was subsequently amended to a 2 × 2 factorial design with further randomisation to bevacizumab or placebo. A planned follow-up exploratory analysis of OS was performed. Results: The intent-to-treat (ITT) population comprised 2034 patients (two-arm portion, n=634; 2 × 2 factorial portion, n=1400). For the whole NO16966 study population, median OS was 19.8 months in the pooled XELOX/XELOX-placebo/XELOX-bevacizumab arms vs 19.5 months in the pooled FOLFOX4/FOLFOX4-placebo/FOLFOX4-bevacizumab arms (hazard ratio 0.95 (97.5% CI 0.85–1.06)). In the pooled XELOX/XELOX-placebo arms, median OS was 19.0 vs 18.9 months in the pooled FOLFOX4/FOLFOX4-placebo arms (hazard ratio 0.95 (97.5% CI 0.83–1.09)). FOLFOX4 was associated with more grade 3/4 neutropenia/granulocytopenia and febrile neutropenia than XELOX, and XELOX with more grade 3 diarrhoea and grade 3 hand-foot syndrome than FOLFOX4. Conclusion: Updated survival data from study NO16966 show that XELOX is similar to FOLFOX4, confirming the primary analysis of progression-free survival. XELOX can be considered as a routine first-line treatment option for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cassidy
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Beatson Oncology Centre, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK.
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Cassidy J. Guidelines for Adjuvant Therapy in Colorectal Cancer. Are They Useful? And to Whom? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2011; 23:312-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2010.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Douillard J, Siena S, Cassidy J, Tabernero J, Burkes RL, Barugel ME, Humblet Y, Cunningham D, Xu F, Krishnan K. Final results from PRIME: Randomized phase III study of panitumumab (pmab) with FOLFOX4 for first line metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Paul J, Briggs A, Harkin A, Haydon AM, Iveson T, Masterson M, Midgley RA, Cassidy J. SCOT: Short Course Oncology Therapy—A comparison of 12 and 24 weeks of adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e14145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Siena S, Cassidy J, Tabernero J, Burkes RL, Barugel ME, Humblet Y, Cunningham D, Xu F, Krishnan K, Douillard J. Randomized phase III study of panitumumab (pmab) with FOLFOX4 compared with FOLFOX4 alone as first line treatment (tx) for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Results by Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cheung WY, Shi Q, O'Connell M, Cassidy J, Blanke CD, Kerr DJ, Van Cutsem E, Alberts SR, Yothers GA, Sargent DJ. Predictive and prognostic value of gender in early-stage colon cancer: A pooled analysis of 33,345 patients from the ACCENT database. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cassidy J, O'Shaughnessy J, Schmoll H, Twelves C, Cartwright TH, Buzdar A, McKenna E, Gilberg F, Scotto N, Haller DG. Effect of dose modification on the efficacy of capecitabine: Data from six randomized, phase III trials in patients with colorectal or breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Becerra C, Salazar R, Garcia-Carbonero R, Thomas AL, Vázquez-Mazón F, Cassidy J, Maughan T, Gallén M, Iveson T, Hixon M, Gualberto A, Yin D, Bergsland EK, Li D. Phase II trial of figitumumab in patients with refractory, metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Chu E, Haller DG, Cartwright TH, Twelves C, McKenna E, Scotto N, Gilberg F, Cassidy J, Sun W, Saif MW, Schmoll H. Epidemiology and natural history of central venous access device (CVAD) use and infusion pump performance among patients (pts) treated for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Analysis from the NO16966 trial. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e14010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Yip NC, Fombon IS, Liu P, Brown S, Kannappan V, Armesilla AL, Xu B, Cassidy J, Darling JL, Wang W. Disulfiram modulated ROS-MAPK and NFκB pathways and targeted breast cancer cells with cancer stem cell-like properties. Br J Cancer 2011; 104:1564-74. [PMID: 21487404 PMCID: PMC3101904 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies indicate that disulfiram (DS), an anti-alcoholism drug, is cytotoxic to cancer cell lines and reverses anticancer drug resistance. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the major cause of chemoresistance leading to the failure of cancer chemotherapy. This study intended to examine the effect of DS on breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Methods: The effect of DS on BC cell lines and BCSCs was determined by MTT, western blot, CSCs culture and CSCs marker analysis. Results: Disulfiram was highly toxic to BC cell lines in vitro in a copper (Cu)-dependent manner. In Cu-containing medium (1 μM), the IC50 concentrations of DS in BC cell lines were 200–500 nM. Disulfiram/copper significantly enhanced (3.7–15.5-fold) cytotoxicity of paclitaxel (PAC). Combination index isobologram analysis demonstrated a synergistic effect between DS/Cu and PAC. The increased Bax and Bcl2 protein expression ratio indicated that intrinsic apoptotic pathway may be involved in DS/Cu-induced apoptosis. Clonogenic assay showed DS/Cu-inhibited clonogenicity of BC cells. Mammosphere formation and the ALDH1+VE and CD24Low/CD44High CSCs population in mammospheres were significantly inhibited by exposure to DS/Cu for 24 h. Disulfiram/copper induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and activated its downstream apoptosis-related cJun N-terminal kinase and p38 MAPK pathways. Meanwhile, the constitutive NFκB activity in BC cell lines was inhibited by DS/Cu. Conclusion: Disulfiram/copper inhibited BCSCs and enhanced cytotoxicity of PAC in BC cell lines. This may be caused by simultaneous induction of ROS and inhibition of NFκB.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Yip
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, School of Applied Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
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Cable C, Florence AT, Cassidy J. Binding of Doxorubicin To Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1990.tb14424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Cable
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Strathclyde
| | | | - J Cassidy
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Glasgow
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Cassidy J. Office of Health Economics. West J Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.d1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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