1
|
Morgan J, MacInnes E, Erskine S, Walters SJ, Cook J, Collins K, Wyld L. Psychosocial outcomes after varying risk management strategies in women at increased familial breast cancer risk: a mixed methods study of patient and partner outcomes. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:78-91. [PMID: 37458196 PMCID: PMC10757884 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Female carriers of BRCA1/2 genes have an increased lifetime risk of breast cancer. Options for managing risk include imaging surveillance or risk-reducing surgery (RRS). This mixed methods study aimed to identify factors affecting risk-management decisions and the psychosocial outcomes of these decisions for high-risk women and their partners. METHODS Semi-structured qualitative interviews were performed with women at high breast cancer risk who had faced these choices. Partners were also interviewed. Analysis used a framework approach. A bespoke questionnaire was developed to quantify and explore associations. RESULTS A total of 32 women were interviewed. Of these, 27 had partners of whom 7 (26%) agreed to be interviewed. Four main themes arose: perception of risk and impact of increased risk; risk-management strategy decision-making; impact of risk-management strategy; support needs and partner relationship issues. The questionnaire response rate was 36/157 (23%). Decision satisfaction was high in both surveillance and RRS groups. Relationship changes were common but not universal. Common causes of distress following RRS included adverse body image changes. Both groups experienced generalised and cancer-specific anxiety. Drivers for surgery included having children, deaths of close family from breast cancer and higher levels of cancer anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Levels of psychosocial and decision satisfaction were high for women choosing both RRS and surveillance but, for a minority, risk-reducing measures result in long-term psychosocial morbidity. Efforts to recognise women at increased risk of psychological morbidity may allow targeted support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - E MacInnes
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - S Erskine
- East of England School of General Practice, Norwich, UK
| | | | - J Cook
- Sheffield Childrens NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - L Wyld
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mehta M, Polli JE, Seo P, Bhoopathy S, Berginc K, Kristan K, Cook J, Dressman JB, Mandula H, Munshi U, Shanker R, Volpe DA, Gordon J, Veerasingham S, Welink J, Almeida S, Gonzalez P, Painter D, Tsang YC, Vaidyanathan J, Velagapudi R. Drug Permeability - Best Practices for Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS)-Based Biowaivers: A workshop Summary Report. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:1749-1762. [PMID: 37142122 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The workshop "Drug Permeability - Best Practices for Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Based Biowaivers" was held virtually on December 6, 2021, organized by the University of Maryland Center of Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation (M-CERSI), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The workshop focused on the industrial, academic, and regulatory experiences in generating and evaluating permeability data, with the aim to further facilitate implementation of the BCS and efficient development of high-quality drug products globally. As the first international permeability workshop since the BCS based biowaivers was finalized as the ICH M9 guideline, the workshop included lectures, panel discussions, and breakout sessions. Lecture and panel discussion topics covered case studies at IND, NDA, and ANDA stages, typical deficiencies relating to permeability assessment supporting BCS biowaiver, types of evidence that are available to demonstrate high permeability, method suitability of a permeability assay, impact of excipients, importance of global acceptance of permeability methods, opportunities to expand the use of biowaivers (e.g. non-Caco-2 cell lines, totality-of-evidence approach to demonstrate high permeability) and future of permeability testing. Breakout sessions focused on 1) in vitro and in silico intestinal permeability methods; 2) potential excipient effects on permeability and; 3) use of label and literature data to designate permeability class.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Mehta
- US Food & Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - J E Polli
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Seo
- US Food & Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - J Cook
- Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, USA
| | - J B Dressman
- Fraunhofer Institute of Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - H Mandula
- US Food & Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - U Munshi
- US Food & Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - D A Volpe
- US Food & Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - J Gordon
- World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - J Welink
- European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Almeida
- Medicines for Europe, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Gonzalez
- Biopharmaceutical Evaluation Center, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Harris M, Edwards S, Rio E, Cook J, Hannington M, Bonello C, Docking S. Disorganised patellar tendon structure remains inert despite continued exposure to high loading environments. J Sci Med Sport 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
4
|
Perrott M, Cencini S, Docking S, Cook J. Is there a critical stage during puberty when basketball players develop abnormal structure in their patellar tendon? J Sci Med Sport 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
5
|
Cowan R, Mayes S, Cook J, Semciw A, Plass L, Pizzari T. Gluteal muscle size and quality in professional ballet dancers compared to non-dancing athletes. J Sci Med Sport 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
6
|
Harris M, Edwards S, Rio E, Cook J, Hannington M, Bonello C, Docking S. Male and female adolescent athletes develop patellar tendon abnormalities at different maturity stages: a longitudinal study of 173 athletes. J Sci Med Sport 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
7
|
Loveday C, Garrett A, Law P, Hanks S, Poyastro-Pearson E, Adlard JW, Barwell J, Berg J, Brady AF, Brewer C, Chapman C, Cook J, Davidson R, Donaldson A, Douglas F, Greenhalgh L, Henderson A, Izatt L, Kumar A, Lalloo F, Miedzybrodzka Z, Morrison PJ, Paterson J, Porteous M, Rogers MT, Walker L, Eccles D, Evans DG, Snape K, Hanson H, Houlston RS, Turnbull C. Analysis of rare disruptive germline mutations in 2,135 enriched BRCA-negative breast cancers excludes additional high-impact susceptibility genes. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:1318-1327. [PMID: 36122798 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.09.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer has a significant heritable basis, of which approximately 60% remains unexplained. Testing for BRCA1/BRCA2 offers useful discrimination of breast cancer risk within families, and identification of additional breast cancer susceptibility genes could offer clinical utility. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included 2,135 invasive breast cancer cases recruited via the BOCS study, a retrospective UK study of familial breast cancer. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA female, BRCA-negative, white European ethnicity, and one of: i) breast cancer family history, ii) bilateral disease, iii) young age of onset (<30 years), iv) concomitant ovarian cancer. We undertook exome sequencing of cases and performed gene-level burden testing of rare damaging variants against those from 51,377 ethnicity-matched population controls from gnomAD. RESULTS 159/2135 (7.4%) cases had a qualifying variant in an established breast cancer susceptibility gene, with minimal evidence of signal in other cancer susceptibility genes. Known breast cancer susceptibility genes PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM were the only genes to retain statistical significance after correcting for multiple testing. Due to the enrichment of hereditary cases in the series, we had good power (>80%) to detect a gene of BRCA1-like risk (odds ratio = 10.6) down to a population minor allele frequency of 4.6 x 10-5 (1 in 10,799, less than one tenth that of BRCA1)and of PALB2-like risk (odds ratio = 5.0) down to a population minor allele frequency of 2.8 x 10-4 (1 in 1,779, less than half that of PALB2). Power was lower for identification of novel moderate penetrance genes (odds ratio = 2-3) like CHEK2 and ATM. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest case-control whole-exome analysis of enriched breast cancer published to date. Whilst additional breast cancer susceptibility genes likely exist, those of high penetrance are likely to be of very low mutational frequency. Contention exists regarding the clinical utility of such genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Loveday
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A Garrett
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - P Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - S Hanks
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - E Poyastro-Pearson
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - J W Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - J Barwell
- Leicestershire Genetics Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - J Berg
- Division of Medical Sciences, Human Genetics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - A F Brady
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy Galton Centre, London, UK
| | - C Brewer
- Peninsula Regional Genetics Service, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - C Chapman
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Cook
- Sheffield Regional Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - R Davidson
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Ferguson Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Donaldson
- South Western Regional Genetics Service, University Hospitals of Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - F Douglas
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - L Greenhalgh
- Cheshire and Merseyside Clinical Genetics Service, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Henderson
- Northern Genetics Service (Cumbria), Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - L Izatt
- South East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Guy's and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Kumar
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond St. Hospital, London, UK
| | - F Lalloo
- University Department of Medical Genetics & Regional Genetics Service, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Z Miedzybrodzka
- University of Aberdeen and North of Scotland Clinical Genetics Service, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - P J Morrison
- Belfast Health and Social Care (HSC) Trust & Department of Medical Genetics, Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - J Paterson
- East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Porteous
- South East of Scotland Clinical Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M T Rogers
- All Wales Medical Genetics Service, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - L Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | -
- Individual collaborators and their affiliations are listed in the Appendix
| | - D Eccles
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - D G Evans
- University Department of Medical Genetics & Regional Genetics Service, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - K Snape
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.; South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St. George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - H Hanson
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.; South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St. George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - R S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - C Turnbull
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Hospital, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ryland H, Cook J, Fitzpatrick R, Fazel S. Examination of the psychometric properties of the FORensic oUtcome Measure (FORUM): a new outcome measure for forensic mental health services. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9566908 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Forensic mental health services provide care to people in secure psychiatric hospitals and specialised community teams. Measuring outcomes is important to ensure such services perform optimally, however existing measures are not sufficiently comprehensive and are rarely patient reported. Objectives To examine a novel instrument for measuring outcomes in forensic mental health services, the FORensic oUtsome Measure (FORUM), which consists of a complementary patient reported questionnaire (FORUM-P) and clinician reported questionnaire (FORUM-C). Methods Inpatients at a forensic psychiatric service based in a regional healthcare organization in the UK completed the FORUM-P, while members of their clinical teams completed the FORUM-C. Patients and clinicians also provided feedback on the questionnaires. Results Sixty-two patients participated with a mean age of 41.0 years (standard deviation 11.3). For internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha for the FORUM-P was 0.87 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80-0.93) and for the FORUM-C was 0.93 (95% CI 0.91-0.96). For test-retest reliability the weighted kappa for the FORUM-P was 0.44 (95% CI 0.24-0.63) and for the FORUM-C was 0.78 (95% CI 0.73-0.85). For interrater reliability of the FORUM-C the Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.47 (95% CI 0.18-0.69). The FORUM-P received an average rating of 4.0 out of 5 for comprehensiveness, 4.6 for ease of use and 3.9 for relevance, while the FORUM-C received 4.1 for comprehensiveness, 4.5 for ease of use and 4.3 for relevance. Conclusions Outcome measures in forensic mental health can be developed with good measures of reliability and validity, and can be introduced into services to monitor patient progress. Disclosure No significant relationships.
Collapse
|
9
|
Edgar RH, Samson A, Cook J, Douglas M, Urish K, Kellum J, Hempel J, Viator JA. Photoacoustic discrimination of antibiotic-resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Lasers Surg Med 2022; 54:418-425. [PMID: 34940986 PMCID: PMC8940674 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bacteremia is a serious and potentially lethal condition. Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bacteremia and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) accounts for more than a third of the cases. Compared to methicillin-sensitive S. aureus, MRSA is more than twice as likely to be fatal. Furthermore, subpopulations of seemingly isogenic bacteria may exhibit a range of susceptibilities, often called heterogenous resistance. These heterogeneous antibiotic-resistant infections are often misdiagnosed as hospital-acquired secondary infections because there are no clinically used tests that can differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous antibiotic resistance. We describe the development and proof of concept of rapid bacterial identification using photoacoustic flow cytometry and labeled bacteriophages with the characterization and differentiation of heterogeneous antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. METHODS In photoacoustic flow cytometry, pulsed laser light is delivered to a sample flowing past a focused transducer and particles that absorb laser light create an acoustic response. Optically labeled bacteriophage are added to a bacterial mixture that flows through the photoacoustic chamber. The presence of target bacteria is determined by bound labeled phage which are detected photoacoustically. Incubation of bacterial samples in the presence and absence of the antibiotic daptomycin creates a difference in bacterial cell numbers that is quantified using photoacoustic flow cytometry. RESULTS Four clinical isolates were tested in the presence and absence of daptomycin. Photoacoustic events for each isolate were recorded and compared to growth curves. Samples treated with daptomycin fell into three categories: resistant, susceptible, and heterogeneous resistant. CONCLUSIONS Here we show a method to determine the presence of bacteria as a marker for bloodstream infection level and antibiotic sensitivity in less than 4 hours. Additionally, these results show an ability to identify heterogeneous resistant strains that are often misidentified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. H. Edgar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Technology Dr, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - A.P. Samson
- Department of Engineering, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15282
| | - J. Cook
- Department of Engineering, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15282
| | - M. Douglas
- Department of Engineering, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15282
| | - K. Urish
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Technology Dr, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center,3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - J. Kellum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Technology Dr, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - J. Hempel
- Department of Engineering, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15282
| | - J. A. Viator
- Department of Engineering, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15282,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Technology Dr, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jacklin C, Rodrigues J, Collins J, Cook J, Harrison C. 183 A Systematic Review of Sample Size Calculations in High-Profile Surgical Trials That Use Patient-Reported Outcome Measures. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac039.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly recognised as a measure of treatment efficacy in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). It can be difficult to determine meaningful target differences in PROM scores for sample size calculations and this can risk over-recruitment and/or erroneous trial conclusions. The Difference ELicitation in TriAls (DELTA2) statement sets recommendations for sample size calculations in RCTs including target difference determination. We aimed to evaluate sample size calculations from high-profile surgical RCTs that used PROMs as their primary outcome, against DELTA2 standards, with a focus on target differences.
Method
Pubmed was systematically searched for surgical RCTs published in the five highest ranking journals, by Thomson Reuters impact factor, for medicine and surgery. Studies were included if surgery was the intervention and/or comparator arm, and a PROM was the primary outcome. Surgery was defined as using instrumentation to change macro-anatomy with the aim of improving health. Data were extracted with a piloted data collection sheet that included the DELTA2 reporting recommendations.
Results
Most target differences used in sample size calculations were determined with suboptimal techniques and target difference justification was overall poor. In this sample, £28 million of UK public research spending supported trials with poor target difference justification.
Conclusions
In this sample of trials, sample size calculations were generally not reported to DELTA2 standards. There was frequent use of sub-optimal methods to determine the target difference. This risks over-recruitment and/or erroneous trial conclusions. Clinicians should be aware of these potential pitfalls when interpreting published trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Jacklin
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J. Rodrigues
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - J. Collins
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J. Cook
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C. Harrison
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Smith M, Hennessey J, Willard T, Bishop D, Simmonds F, Kunsch I, Sturges J, Brooks A, Titus P, Zhang H, Wang W, Luttrell C, Cook J, Basinger J. Design and Analyses of the NSTX-U PF1A Poloidal Field Coil Support. Fusion Science and Technology 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2021.1897730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Smith
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - J. Hennessey
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - T. Willard
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - D. Bishop
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - F. Simmonds
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - I. Kunsch
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - J. Sturges
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - A. Brooks
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - P. Titus
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - H. Zhang
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - W. Wang
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, C34-101, MS-42, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451
| | - C. Luttrell
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - J. Cook
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - J. Basinger
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Cook J, Cowan R, Ganderton C, Long D, Pizzari T, Semciw A. Hormone therapy and exercise as interventions for post-menopausal women with greater trochanteric pain syndrome. A randomised clinical trial. J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
14
|
Cook J, Frawley H, Dakic J, Hay-Smith J, Lin KY. Pelvic floor disorders in exercising women: impact on participation, symptom disclosure and screening. J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
15
|
Sundar S, Biggs S, Abraham M, Cook J, Watts N, Price R, Brack M, Brown N, Dixon L, Crowther O, Trenaman R, Quinn D, Hall W, Younie S. 1232 Trust-Wide Assessment of Delirium in Post-Operative Elective Surgery. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Delirium is an acute change in cognition and associated with adverse patient outcomes. The incidence of post-operative delirium after elective non-cardiac surgery is unknown. We aimed to assess the incidence of post-operative delirium in this group and the effect on patient outcomes.
Method
Patients aged 65 and over who underwent elective non-cardiac surgery were identified on post-operative day three. Delirium screening was performed in real time using the validated 4-AT assessment tool. A retrospective review of the patients’ preoperative and perioperative record was conducted to collect demographics and identify risk factors for delirium. Outcome data was collected at 30 days. Patients with a positive delirium score (>4) underwent a more in-depth assessment and managing teams given a delirium management pack.
Results
75 (39 male) consecutive patients were screened over a period of 4 months. Median age 77 years and 18% had frailty assessed as “vulnerable”. The majority of patients (37.3%) underwent thoracic surgery, followed by hepatobiliary (17.3%), gynaecological (17.3%), colorectal (12%), maxillofacial (9.3%) and ENT (4%). 5.3% (4) of patients had a positive 4-AT screen. No patients had a formal delirium screen or diagnosis in the initial 48 hours. The median length of stay for patients with a positive screen was 8.5 days (IQR 7.5-12) compared to 8 days (IQR 5-13) for patients with a negative screen.
Conclusions
Reassuringly, rate of post-operative delirium following elective operations in our Trust are low (5%). Larger numbers of patients are required to assess the impact this has on patient outcomes and identify correlation with risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sundar
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - S Biggs
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - M Abraham
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - J Cook
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - N Watts
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - R Price
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - M Brack
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - N Brown
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - L Dixon
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - O Crowther
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - R Trenaman
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - D Quinn
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - W Hall
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - S Younie
- Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ng K, Bird B, Murphy C, O'Connor D, Cook J. 979P Efficacy of pembrolizumab with concomitant use of antibiotics. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
17
|
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Secondary analysis of outcomes after 11,085 hip fracture operations from the prospective UK Anaesthesia Sprint Audit of Practice (ASAP 2) found an association between reduced intraoperative systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and postoperative mortality at five and 30 days. We sought to determine the incidence of hypotension in the postoperative period, rather than just intraoperatively, in a small sample of patients with fractured neck of femur.
Method
We performed a retrospective review of the notes, electronic vital signs and electronic general practice records from 40 patients with fractured neck of femur. We identified the latest SAP performed at their general practice (if done within one year before admission). We noted the pre-operative baseline SAP reading from the ward as well as the lowest SAP during several time periods: the pre-operative period; the fracture surgery; the recovery room; and during each 24-h period postoperatively until the fifth postoperative day.
Results
A SAP recording from general practice within the previous year was only accessible in 21 (53%) of patients, but where it was accessible, it was within 20% of the immediate preoperative SAP in 14 (66%) of patients. The incidence of relative hypotension (< 80% preoperative SAP) was 54% in the operating theatre, 41% in the recovery room, 65% on the ward during the remainder of the first postoperative 24 h, 55% during postoperative day 2, 53% during day 3, 33% during day 4 and 41% during day 5.
Conclusions
Postoperative hypotension was common in our sample. In our analysis, the highest incidence was on the ward during the first 24 hours postoperatively. However, 41% of patients still had hypotension 5 days postoperatively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Jones
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Cook
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Cannon
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kluczkovski A, Lait R, Martins CA, Reynolds C, Smith P, Woffenden Z, Lynch J, Frankowska A, Harris F, Johnson D, Halford JCG, Cook J, Tereza da Silva J, Schmidt Rivera X, Huppert JL, Lord M, Mclaughlin J, Bridle S. Learning in lockdown: Using the COVID-19 crisis to teach children about food and climate change. NUTR BULL 2021; 46:206-215. [PMID: 33821147 PMCID: PMC8014588 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Food systems are significant sources of global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE). Since emission intensity varies greatly between different foods, changing food choices towards those with lower GHGE could make an important contribution to mitigating climate change. Public engagement events offer an opportunity to communicate these multifaceted issues and raise awareness about the climate change impact of food choices. An interdisciplinary team of researchers was preparing food and climate change educational activities for summer 2020. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown disrupted these plans. In this paper, we report on shifting these events online over the month of June 2020. We discuss what we did and the reception to our online programme. We then reflect on and highlight issues that arose. These relate to: (1) the power dynamics of children, diet and climate change; (2) mental health, diet and COVID-19; (3) engaging the wider science, agriculture and food communities; (4) the benefits of being unfunded and the homemade nature of this programme; (5) the food system, STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics) and diversity; and (6) how our work fits into our ongoing journey of food and climate change education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Lait
- The University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | | | - C. Reynolds
- Centre for Food PolicyCity, University of LondonLondonUK
| | - P. Smith
- University of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | | | | | | | - F. Harris
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary HealthLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
| | - D. Johnson
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | | | - J. Cook
- The University of ManchesterManchesterUK
- Department of Environment and GeographyThe University of YorkYorkUK
| | | | - X. Schmidt Rivera
- Equitable Development and Resilience Research Group (EDR), Centre for Sustainable Energy use in Food chains (CSEF), College of Engineering, Design and Physical SciencesBrunel University LondonUxbridgeUK
| | | | - M. Lord
- Ogden Trust Regional RepManchesterUK
| | | | - S. Bridle
- The University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jimenez A, Stevens V, Cook J, Zone J, Rhoads J. 269 Incidence of bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris in a nationwide study of United States veterans. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
20
|
Calnan H, Williams A, Peterse J, Starling S, Cook J, Connaughton S, Gardner GE. A prototype rapid dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) system can predict the CT composition of beef carcases. Meat Sci 2020; 173:108397. [PMID: 33370621 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The development of a novel rapid dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) system provides the opportunity to improve measurement of beef carcase composition. A prototype rapid DEXA system was built in a shipping container to scan 51 beef carcases selected for a wide range in weight and fatness. One side of each carcase was spray chilled and the other conventionally chilled overnight before being quartered for DEXA scanning and then being cut into 16 pieces for CT scanning to determine carcase composition. Spray chilling did not impact DEXA prediction of CT composition, with the DEXA system describing 89%, 95%, and 87% of the variation in beef carcase CT lean %, fat % and bone %, with a root mean square error of prediction of 2.31 lean %, 2.15 fat %, and 1.12 bone % units. These results demonstrate that the novel rapid DEXA system has excellent capacity to predict CT composition in beef carcases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Calnan
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia.
| | - A Williams
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia
| | - J Peterse
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia
| | - S Starling
- Scott Automation and Robotics Pty Ltd, 10 Clevedon Street, Botany, NSW, Australia
| | - J Cook
- Scott Automation and Robotics Pty Ltd, 10 Clevedon Street, Botany, NSW, Australia
| | - S Connaughton
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia
| | - G E Gardner
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lawrence B, Fildes B, Thompson L, Cook J, Newstead S. Evaluation of the 30km/h speed limit trial in the City of Yarra, Melbourne, Australia. Traffic Inj Prev 2020; 21:S96-S101. [PMID: 33849362 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2021.1895990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Safe vehicle speeds were identified as a key element in a safe system approach to road safety. The City of Yarra in Melbourne, Australia has a 40 km/h default speed limit across their municipality, but wished to reduce the speed limit in local residential streets to 30 km/h. The Monash University Accident Research Center provided Council with a design for a demonstration trial and agreed to evaluate its safety benefits over 12 months. The trial was expected to show significant reductions in speed and increased community support. METHOD A before and after design was employed with a control (untreated) area to evaluate the safety outcomes of the trial. Speed limits were reduced to 30 km/h in the trial area for 12 months but kept at kept at the current 40 km/h (25 mph) limit in the control region. Vehicle speeds were measured at around 100 selected sites in the trial and control areas, and resident surveys were undertaken in both regions before and after the trial. RESULTS The findings showed a small but modest reduction of 1.1% in average speed in the trial region but a surprising 2.7% in the control region. On further examination, significant reductions were observed in the percent of vehicles exceeding 40 km/h (25 mph) and 50 km/h (31 mph) in both the treated and control regions, but not at 30 km/h (19 mph). A regression analysis further showed a significant treatment effect of 11% at 40 km/h and 25% at 50 km/h when adjusting for differences between treated and controls. Among other findings, the survey results found increased support for the lower speed limit of 17% with little adverse consequences. CONCLUSION The findings give support for the likely safety benefits of the 30 km/h trial with increased support from the residents. Speed reductions in the control region suggested a carry-over of the effects of the trial but also added support by local residents for reduced speed limits in the region. Potential injury savings were estimated at a 4% reduction in the risk of a pedestrian injury from the observed treatment effect in the trial region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Lawrence
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Fildes
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L Thompson
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Cook
- City of Yarra, Local Government Area, Richmond, Australia
| | - S Newstead
- Monash University Accident Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen Y, Gandhi J, Si Tu S, Cook J. PGI4 Projecting the Health Impact of Vaccination with Rotateq in China. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
23
|
Leroux Y, Cook J, Goldstein J, Doucette S, DeMone C, Carter A, Hurley KF. Pediatric Secondary Transfer Percentages: A Retrospective Observational Study. Cureus 2020; 12:e6766. [PMID: 32140333 PMCID: PMC7039349 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Certain adult conditions treated by paramedics, such as myocardial infarction or stroke, have better outcomes if transported to a specialty centre, bypassing local generalist facilities when necessary. Little evidence exists to inform guidelines to identify pediatric patients who would benefit from direct transport to a pediatric centre. This study describes the characteristics of children brought to community emergency departments (ED) who subsequently required transfer to pediatric specialty care. METHODS A retrospective observational cohort study was performed in a metropolitan area with one tertiary pediatric specialty centre and four community EDs. The patient care record database was queried for patients under 16 years old transported by paramedics to a community ED during a five-year period. Secondary transfer to the pediatric specialty centre within 24 hours was identified. The primary outcome was percentage of transfers to specialty care. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the whole group as well as stratified by age category, chief complaint and Canadian Triage Acuity Scale (CTAS). RESULTS A total of 872 pediatric patients were transported to community EDs with 95 (10.9%) requiring secondary transfer to the pediatric specialty centre. CTAS 1 and 2 were associated with increased secondary transfer (p<0.001). There were also differences in transfer proportion by chief complaint. There was no association between age or gender and transfer to pediatric specialty care. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective study shows an association between acuity and certain chief complaints and percentage of secondary transfer to pediatric specialty care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yves Leroux
- Emergency Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, CAN
| | - Jolene Cook
- Emergency Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, CAN
| | | | - Steve Doucette
- Research Methods Unit, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, CAN
| | - Corinne DeMone
- Emergency Medicine, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, CAN
| | - Alix Carter
- Division of Emergency Medical Services, Dalhousie University, Halifax, CAN
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Green B, Lin M, McClelland J, Semciw A, Schache A, Rotstein A, Cook J, Pizzari T. Which factors are predictive of return to play and re-injury following calf muscle strain injury? J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
25
|
Perrott M, Pizzari T, Cook J. Does a lumbopelvic stability program improve hopping and landing measures compared to an active control? – a randomised trial. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
26
|
Harrison C, Ruddock-Hudson M, Ruddock S, Mayes S, O’Halloran P, Cook J. Wellness monitoring in Professional Ballet Dancers: A pilot study. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
27
|
Trehan I, Osei‐Ampofo M, Balhara KS, Hexom BJ, Kivlehan SM, Modi P, Pousson AY, Selvam A, Quao NSA, Cho DK, Becker TK, Levine AC, Bannon‐Murphy H, Bartels SA, Beyene T, Bonney J, Collier AT, Cook J, Dyal JW, Enriquez KT, Gomes DJ, Hayward AS, Ibrahim WMA, Keefe DM, Lee JA, Lee S, Lowsby R, Mediratta RP, Mickman CT, Nicholson BD, O'Reilly GM, Relan P, Ragins KT, Reid EA, Roy CM, Rybarczyk MM, Schultz ML, Stanford KA, Vogel LD, Wang AH, Zewdie A. Global Emergency Medicine: A Review of the Literature from 2018. Acad Emerg Med 2019; 26:1186-1196. [PMID: 31313411 DOI: 10.1111/acem.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Global Emergency Medicine Literature Review (GEMLR) conducts a systematic annual search of peer-reviewed and gray literature relevant to global emergency medicine (EM) to identify, review, and disseminate the most rigorously conducted and widely relevant research in global EM. METHODS An electronic search of PubMed, a comprehensive retrieval of articles from specific journals, and search of the gray literature were conducted. Title and abstracts retrieved by these searches were screened by a total of 22 reviewers based on their relevance to the field of global EM, across the domains of disaster and humanitarian response (DHR), emergency care in resource-limited settings (ECRLS), and emergency medicine development (EMD). All articles that were deemed relevant by at least one reviewer, their editor, and the managing editor underwent formal scoring of overall methodologic quality and importance to global EM. Two independent reviewers scored all articles; editors provided a third score in cases of widely discrepant scores. RESULTS A total of 19,102 articles were identified by the searches and, after screening and removal of duplicates, a total of 517 articles underwent full review. Twenty-five percent were categorized as DHR, 61% as ECRLS, and 15% as EMD. Inter-rater reliability testing between the reviewers revealed a Cohen's kappa score of 0.213 when considering the complete score or 0.426 when excluding the more subjective half of the score. A total of 25 articles scored higher than 17.5 of 20; these were selected for a full summary and critique. CONCLUSIONS In 2018, the total number of articles relevant to global EM that were identified by our search continued to increase. Studies and reviews focusing on pediatric infections, several new and traditionally underrepresented topics, and landscape reviews that may help guide clinical care in new settings represented the majority of top-scoring articles. A shortage of articles related to the development of EM as a specialty was identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indi Trehan
- Lao Friends Hospital for Children Luang Prabang Lao PDR
- Department of Pediatrics Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO
| | - Maxwell Osei‐Ampofo
- Emergency Medicine Directorate Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, and the Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana
| | - Kamna S. Balhara
- Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD
| | - Braden J. Hexom
- Department of Emergency Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL
| | - Sean M. Kivlehan
- Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA
- Harvard Humanitarian Initiative Cambridge MA
| | - Payal Modi
- Department of Emergency Medicine University of Massachusetts Worcester MA
| | - Amelia Y. Pousson
- Department of Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD
| | - Anand Selvam
- Department of Emergency Medicine Yale University New Haven CT
| | - Nana Serwaa A. Quao
- Department of Emergency Medicine Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (NSAQ) Accra Ghana
| | | | - Torben K. Becker
- Department of Emergency Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL
| | - Adam C. Levine
- and the Department of Emergency Medicine Brown University Providence RI
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Whitley M, Lai C, Suwanpradid J, Reid C, Rudolph R, Zelac D, Havran W, Cook J, Erdmann D, Levinson H, Healy E, MacLeod A. 494 UV-induced CD39 expression promotes epidermal DNA damage and development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
29
|
Jahangiri A, Smallfield M, Andreae A, Desai K, Johnson T, Hillaryd J, Sawey E, Cook J, Tang D, Kasirajan V, Shah K. The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Score and Survival after the Total Artificial Heart. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
30
|
Williamson CJ, Anesio AM, Cook J, Tedstone A, Poniecka E, Holland A, Fagan D, Tranter M, Yallop ML. Ice algal bloom development on the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 94:4850643. [PMID: 29444265 PMCID: PMC6018781 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is fundamental to understand the development of Zygnematophycean (Streptophyte) micro-algal blooms within Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) supraglacial environments, given their potential to significantly impact both physical (melt) and chemical (carbon and nutrient cycling) surface characteristics. Here, we report on a space-for-time assessment of a GrIS ice algal bloom, achieved by sampling an ∼85 km transect spanning the south-western GrIS bare ice zone during the 2016 ablation season. Cell abundances ranged from 0 to 1.6 × 104 cells ml-1, with algal biomass demonstrated to increase in surface ice with time since snow line retreat (R2 = 0.73, P < 0.05). A suite of light harvesting and photo-protective pigments were quantified across transects (chlorophylls, carotenoids and phenols) and shown to increase in concert with algal biomass. Ice algal communities drove net autotrophy of surface ice, with maximal rates of net production averaging 0.52 ± 0.04 mg C l-1 d-1, and a total accumulation of 1.306 Gg C (15.82 ± 8.14 kg C km-2) predicted for the 2016 ablation season across an 8.24 × 104 km2 region of the GrIS. By advancing our understanding of ice algal bloom development, this study marks an important step toward projecting bloom occurrence and impacts into the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J Williamson
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, University of Bristol,12 Berkely Square, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - A M Anesio
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, University of Bristol,12 Berkely Square, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
| | - J Cook
- Department of Geography, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - A Tedstone
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, University of Bristol,12 Berkely Square, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
| | - E Poniecka
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - A Holland
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, University of Bristol,12 Berkely Square, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
| | - D Fagan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - M Tranter
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, University of Bristol,12 Berkely Square, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
| | - M L Yallop
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Karmali S, Hughes N, Kinneally A, Kroes J, Cook J, Killian M, Shafiq T, O'Mahony D, Bird B, O'Connor M, O'Reilly S, Galiauskas R, Murphy CG. Abstract P4-16-08: A regional audit of 6-hour monitoring for administration related reactions during the first administration of subcutaneous trastuzumab. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-16-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
In 2012, Subcutaneous Trastuzumab (TSC) was introduced as an alternative to Intravenous Trastuzumab (TIV) for HER2+ breast cancer. The pivotal HannaH study demonstrated that TSC was non-inferior to TIV, was preferred by patients, and serious administration related reactions (ARRs) were not reported. However, the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) advises that patients be observed for ARRs for 6 hours post-first administration (and 2 hours post-subsequent administrations), similar to TIV.
Aim
To assess the frequency and tolerability of ARRs during the 6-hour observation period post first administration of TSC in patients with HER2+ breast cancer.
Method:
A retrospective audit of TSC was conducted in Southwest Ireland across five centers from 2014-2016. Patient charts were reviewed to record ARRs reported on the first-administration or at subsequent visit. In addition a subset of patients were interviewed regarding their recollection of ARRs with first or subsequent injections.
Results:
The study is ongoing having identified 192 patients. These centers have administered 2111 TSC injections in total, associated with 4998 hours of observation as per SPC. From the 385 injections given over the first two TSC administrations, 13 injections (3.4%) were associated with ARRs within 24 hours. Nine patients (2.3%) experienced injection site reactions immediately post injection, one injection site pain (0.3%), and one experienced petechiae on subsequent exposure (0.3%). Three patients experienced pyrexia and dry cough 24 hours post-injection and were hospitalized for respiratory tract infection. There were no reactions experienced between 2 and 6 hours post-first injection. There were no serious ARRs. Telephone interviews are ongoing and these results will be reported.
Conclusion:
ARRs related to TSC are usually immediate, mild and self-limiting. Observing patients for 6 hours post-first injection and 2 hours post-subsequent injections represents an inefficient use of healthcare resources.
Citation Format: Karmali S, Hughes N, Kinneally A, Kroes J, Cook J, Killian M, Shafiq T, O'Mahony D, Bird B, O'Connor M, O'Reilly S, Galiauskas R, Murphy CG. A regional audit of 6-hour monitoring for administration related reactions during the first administration of subcutaneous trastuzumab [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-16-08.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Karmali
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - N Hughes
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - A Kinneally
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - J Kroes
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - J Cook
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - M Killian
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - T Shafiq
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - D O'Mahony
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - B Bird
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - M O'Connor
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - S O'Reilly
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - R Galiauskas
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| | - CG Murphy
- Bon Secours Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University College Cork, Cork, Munster, Ireland; Cork University Hospital, Cork, Munster, Ireland; University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland; University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, Kerry, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Carter AJE, Jensen JL, Petrie DA, Greene J, Travers A, Goldstein JP, Cook J, Fidgen D, Swain J, Richardson L, Cain E. State of the Evidence for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Care: The Evolution and Current Methodology of the Prehospital Evidence-Based Practice (PEP) Program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 14:57-70. [PMID: 30129435 PMCID: PMC6147365 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2018.25548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Emergency medical services (EMS) leaders and clinicians need to incorporate evidence into safe and effective clinical practice. Access to high-quality evidence, and the time to synthesize it, can be barriers to evidence-based practice. The Prehospital Evidence-Based Practice (PEP) program is an online, freely accessible, repository of critically appraised evidence specific to EMS. This paper describes the evolution and current methodology of the PEP program. Methods/design: The purpose of PEP is to identify, catalog and critically appraise relevant studies. Following regular systematic searches, two trained appraisers critically appraise included studies and assign a score on three-point level of evidence (LOE) and direction of evidence (DOE) scales. Each clinical intervention is plotted on a 3 × 3 (LOE × DOE) evidence matrix, which provides a summary recommendation. Discussion: The PEP program is a unique knowledge translation tool, specific to EMS. End-users can easily identify which clinical interventions are, or are not, supported by evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alix J E Carter
- Medical Director, Research, Emergency Health Services, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Jan L Jensen
- Performance Manager, Emergency Health Services, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - David A Petrie
- Medical Director, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Jennifer Greene
- Paramedic Knowledge Translation Coordinator, Emergency Health Services, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Andrew Travers
- Provincial Medical Director, Emergency Health Services, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Judah P Goldstein
- Research Coordinator, Emergency Health Services, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Jolene Cook
- Medical Oversight Physician, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Dana Fidgen
- Manager, Emergency Health Services, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Janel Swain
- Provincial Ground Clinical Supervisor, Emergency Health Services, Halifax, NS
| | - Luke Richardson
- Medical Resident, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Ed Cain
- Emergency Medicine Physician, Emergency Medicine, Division of EMS, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Triolo TM, Fouts A, Pyle L, Yu L, Gottlieb PA, Steck AK, Greenbaum CJ, Atkinson M, Baidal D, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Clements M, Colman P, DiMeglio L, Gitelman S, Goland R, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Knip M, Krischer J, Lernmark A, Moore W, Moran A, Muir A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Raskin P, Redondo M, Rodriguez H, Russell W, Spain L, Schatz D, Sosenko J, Wentworth J, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Anderson M, Antinozzi P, Benoist C, Blum J, Bourcier K, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Insel R, Kaufman F, Kay T, Leschek E, Mahon J, Marks J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Pugliese A, Roep B, Roncarolo M, Savage P, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Skyler J, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Bourcier K, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Insel R, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Rafkin L, Sosenko JM, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Krischer JP, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Dixit S, Pasha M, King K, Adcock H, Atterberry L, Fox K, Englert N, Mauras J, Permuy K, Sikes T, Adams T, Berhe B, Guendling L, McLennan L, Paganessi C, Murphy M, Draznin M, Kamboj S, Sheppard V, Lewis L, Coates W, Amado D, Moore G, Babar J, Bedard D, Brenson-Hughes J, Cernich M, Clements R, Duprau S, Goodman L, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz A, Asif I, Karmazin T, Letjen S, Raman D, Morin W, Bestermann E, Morawski J, White A, Brockmyer R, Bays S, Campbell A, Boonstra M, Stapleton N, Stone A, Donoho H, Everett H, Hensley M, Johnson C, Marshall N, Skirvin P, Taylor R, Williams L, Burroughs C, Ray C, Wolverton D, Nickels C, Dothard P, Speiser M, Pellizzari L, Bokor K, Izuora S, Abdelnour P, Cummings S, Cuthbertson D, Paynor M, Leahy M, Riedl S, Shockley R, Saad T, Briones S, Casella C, Herz K, Walsh J, Greening F, Deemer M, Hay S, Hunt N, Sikotra L, Simons D, Karounos R, Oremus L, Dye L, Myers D, Ballard W, Miers R, Eberhard C, Sparks K, Thraikill K, Edwards J, Fowlkes S, Kemp A, Morales L, Holland L, Johnson P, Paul A, Ghatak K, Fiske S, Phelen H, Leyland T, Henderson D, Brenner E, Oppenheimer I, Mamkin C, Moniz C, Clarson M, Lovell A, Peters V, Ford J, Ruelas D, Borut D, Burt M, Jordan S, Castilla P, Flores M, Ruiz L, Hanson J, Green-Blair R, Sheridan K, Garmeson J, Wintergerst G, Pierce A, Omoruyi M, Foster S, Kingery A, Lunsford I, Cervantes T, Parker P, Price J, Urben I, Guillette H, Doughty H, Haydock V, Parker P, Bergman S, Duncum C, Rodda A, Perelman R, Calendo C, Barrera E, Arce-Nunez Y, Geyer S, Martinez M, De la Portilla I, Cardenas L, Garrido M, Villar R, Lorini E, Calandra G, D’Annuzio K, Perri N, Minuto C, Hays B, Rebora R, Callegari O, Ali J, Kramer B, Auble S, Cabrera P, Donohoue R, Fiallo-Scharer M, Hessner P, Wolfgram A, Henderson C, Kansra N, Bettin R, McCuller A, Miller S, Accacha J, Corrigan E, Fiore R, Levine T, Mahoney C, Polychronakos V, Henry M, Gagne H, Starkman M, Fox D, Chin F, Melchionne L, Silverman I, Marshall L, Cerracchio J, Cruz A, Viswanathan J, Heyman K, Wilson S, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn A, Lala P, Clesi M, Genet G, Uwaifo A, Charron T, Allerton W, Hsiao B, Cefalu L, Melendez-Ramirez R, Richards C, Alleyn E, Gustafson M, Lizanna J, Wahlen S, Aleiwe M, Hansen H, Wahlen C, Karges C, Levy A, Bonaccorso R, Rapaport Y, Tomer D, Chia M, Goldis L, Iazzetti M, Klein C, Levister L, Waldman E, Keaton N, Wallach M, Regelmann Z, Antal M, Aranda C, Reynholds A, Vinik P, Barlow M, Bourcier M, Nevoret J, Couper S, Kinderman A, Beresford N, Thalagne H, Roper J, Gibbons J, Hill S, Balleaut C, Brennan J, Ellis-Gage L, Fear T, Gray L, Law P, Jones C, McNerney L, Pointer N, Price K, Few D, Tomlinson N, Leech D, Wake C, Owens M, Burns J, Leinbach A, Wotherspoon A, Murray K, Short G, Curry S, Kelsey J, Lawson J, Porter S, Stevens E, Thomson S, Winship L, Liu S, Wynn E, Wiltshire J, Krebs P, Cresswell H, Faherty C, Ross L, Denvir J, Drew T, Randell P, Mansell S, Lloyd J, Bell S, Butler Y, Hooton H, Navarra A, Roper G, Babington L, Crate H, Cripps A, Ledlie C, Moulds R, Malloy J, Norton B, Petrova O, Silkstone C, Smith K, Ghai M, Murray V, Viswanathan M, Henegan O, Kawadry J, Olson L, Maddox K, Patterson T, Ahmad B, Flores D, Domek S, Domek K, Copeland M, George J, Less T, Davis M, Short A, Martin J, Dwarakanathan P, O’Donnell B, Boerner L, Larson M, Phillips M, Rendell K, Larson C, Smith K, Zebrowski L, Kuechenmeister M, Miller J, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels H, Speer N, Forghani R, Quintana C, Reh A, Bhangoo P, Desrosiers L, Ireland T, Misla C, Milliot E, Torres S, Wells J, Villar M, Yu D, Berry D, Cook J, Soder A, Powell M, Ng M, Morrison Z, Moore M, Haslam M, Lawson B, Bradley J, Courtney C, Richardson C, Watson E, Keely D, DeCurtis M, Vaccarcello-Cruz Z, Torres K, Muller S, Sandberg H, Hsiang B, Joy D, McCormick A, Powell H, Jones J, Bell S, Hargadon S, Hudson M, Kummer S, Nguyen T, Sauder E, Sutton K, Gensel R, Aguirre-Castaneda V, Benavides, Lopez D, Hemp S, Allen J, Stear E, Davis T, O’Donnell R, Jones A, Roberts J, Dart N, Paramalingam L, Levitt Katz N, Chaudhary K, Murphy S, Willi B, Schwartzman C, Kapadia D, Roberts A, Larson D, McClellan G, Shaibai L, Kelley G, Villa C, Kelley R, Diamond M, Kabbani T, Dajani F, Hoekstra M, Sadler K, Magorno J, Holst V, Chauhan N, Wilson P, Bononi M, Sperl A, Millward M, Eaton L, Dean J, Olshan H, Stavros T, Renna C, Milliard, Brodksy L, Bacon J, Quintos L, Topor S, Bialo B, Bancroft A, Soto W, Lagarde H, Tamura R, Lockemer T, Vanderploeg M, Ibrahim M, Huie V, Sanchez R, Edelen R, Marchiando J, Palmer T, Repas M, Wasson P, Wood K, Auker J, Culbertson T, Kieffer D, Voorhees T, Borgwardt L, DeRaad K, Eckert E, Isaacson H, Kuhn A, Carroll M, Xu P, Schubert G, Francis S, Hagan T, Le M, Penn E, Wickham C, Leyva K, Rivera J, Padilla I, Rodriguez N, Young K, Jospe J, Czyzyk B, Johnson U, Nadgir N, Marlen G, Prakasam C, Rieger N, Glaser E, Heiser B, Harris C, Alies P, Foster H, Slater K, Wheeler D, Donaldson M, Murray D, Hale R, Tragus D, Word J, Lynch L, Pankratz W, Badias F, Rogers R, Newfield S, Holland M, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk A, Philis-Tsimikas R, Rosal S, Franklin S, Guardado N, Bohannon M, Baker A, Garcia T, Aguinaldo J, Phan V, Barraza D, Cohen J, Pinsker U, Khan J, Wiley L, Jovanovic P, Misra M, Bassi M, Wright D, Cohen K, Huang M, Skiles S, Maxcy C, Pihoker K, Cochrane J, Fosse S, Kearns M, Klingsheim N, Beam C, Wright L, Viles H, Smith S, Heller M, Cunningham A, Daniels L, Zeiden J, Field R, Walker K, Griffin L, Boulware D, Bartholow C, Erickson J, Howard B, Krabbenhoft C, Sandman A, Vanveldhuizen J, Wurlger A, Zimmerman K, Hanisch L, Davis-Keppen A, Bounmananh L, Cotterill J, Kirby M, Harris A, Schmidt C, Kishiyama C, Flores J, Milton W, Martin C, Whysham A, Yerka T, Bream S, Freels J, Hassing J, Webster R, Green P, Carter J, Galloway D, Hoelzer S, Roberts S, Said P, Sullivan H, Freeman D, Allen E, Reiter E, Feinberg C, Johnson L, Newhook D, Hagerty N, White L, Levandoski J, Kyllo M, Johnson C, Gough J, Benoit P, Iyer F, Diamond H, Hosono S, Jackman L, Barette P, Jones I, Sills S, Bzdick J, Bulger R, Ginem J, Weinstock I, Douek R, Andrews G, Modgill G, Gyorffy L, Robin N, Vaidya S, Crouch K, O’Brien C, Thompson N, Granger M, Thorne J, Blumer J, Kalic L, Klepek J, Paulett B, Rosolowski J, Horner M, Watkins J, Casey K, Carpenter C, Michelle Kieffer MH, Burns J, Horton C, Pritchard D, Soetaert A, Wynne C, Chin O, Molina C, Patel R, Senguttuvan M, Wheeler O, Lane P, Furet C, Steuhm D, Jelley S, Goudeau L, Chalmers D, Greer C, Panagiotopoulos D, Metzger D, Nguyen M, Horowitz M, Linton C, Christiansen E, Glades C, Morimoto M, Macarewich R, Norman K, Patin C, Vargas A, Barbanica A, Yu P, Vaidyanathan W, Nallamshetty L, Osborne R, Mehra S, Kaster S, Neace J, Horner G, Reeves C, Cordrey L, Marrs T, Miller S, Dowshen D, Oduah V, Doyle S, Walker D, Catte H, Dean M, Drury-Brown B, Hackman M, Lee S, Malkani K, Cullen K, Johnson P, Parrimon Y, Hampton M, McCarrell C, Curtis E, Paul, Zambrano Y, Paulus K, Pilger J, Ramiro J, Luvon Ritzie AQ, Sharma A, Shor A, Song X, Terry A, Weinberger J, Wootten M, Lachin JM, Foulkes M, Harding P, Krause-Steinrauf H, McDonough S, McGee PF, Owens Hess K, Phoebus D, Quinlan S, Raiden E, Batts E, Buddy C, Kirpatrick K, Ramey M, Shultz A, Webb C, Romesco M, Fradkin J, Leschek E, Spain L, Savage P, Aas S, Blumberg E, Beck G, Brillon D, Gubitosi-Klug R, Laffel L, Vigersky R, Wallace D, Braun J, Lernmark A, Lo B, Mitchell H, Naji A, Nerup J, Orchard T, Steffes M, Tsiatis A, Veatch R, Zinman B, Loechelt B, Baden L, Green M, Weinberg A, Marcovina S, Palmer JP, Weinberg A, Yu L, Babu S, Winter W, Eisenbarth GS, Bingley P, Clynes R, DiMeglio L, Eisenbarth G, Hays B, Leschek E, Marks J, Matheson D, Rafkin L, Rodriguez H, Spain L, Wilson D, Redondo M, Gomez D, McDonald A, Pena S, Pietropaolo M, Shippy K, Batts E, Brown T, Buckner J, Dove A, Hammond M, Hefty D, Klein J, Kuhns K, Letlau M, Lord S, McCulloch-Olson M, Miller L, Nepom G, Odegard J, Ramey M, Sachter E, St. Marie M, Stickney K, VanBuecken D, Vellek B, Webber C, Allen L, Bollyk J, Hilderman N, Ismail H, Lamola S, Sanda S, Vendettuoli H, Tridgell D, Monzavi R, Bock M, Fisher L, Halvorson M, Jeandron D, Kim M, Wood J, Geffner M, Kaufman F, Parkman R, Salazar C, Goland R, Clynes R, Cook S, Freeby M, Pat Gallagher M, Gandica R, Greenberg E, Kurland A, Pollak S, Wolk A, Chan M, Koplimae L, Levine E, Smith K, Trast J, DiMeglio L, Blum J, Evans-Molina C, Hufferd R, Jagielo B, Kruse C, Patrick V, Rigby M, Spall M, Swinney K, Terrell J, Christner L, Ford L, Lynch S, Menendez M, Merrill P, Pescovitz M, Rodriguez H, Alleyn C, Baidal D, Fay S, Gaglia J, Resnick B, Szubowicz S, Weir G, Benjamin R, Conboy D, deManbey A, Jackson R, Jalahej H, Orban T, Ricker A, Wolfsdorf J, Zhang HH, Wilson D, Aye T, Baker B, Barahona K, Buckingham B, Esrey K, Esrey T, Fathman G, Snyder R, Aneja B, Chatav M, Espinoza O, Frank E, Liu J, Perry J, Pyle R, Rigby A, Riley K, Soto A, Gitelman S, Adi S, Anderson M, Berhel A, Breen K, Fraser K, Gerard-Gonzalez A, Jossan P, Lustig R, Moassesfar S, Mugg A, Ng D, Prahalod P, Rangel-Lugo M, Sanda S, Tarkoff J, Torok C, Wesch R, Aslan I, Buchanan J, Cordier J, Hamilton C, Hawkins L, Ho T, Jain A, Ko K, Lee T, Phelps S, Rosenthal S, Sahakitrungruang T, Stehl L, Taylor L, Wertz M, Wong J, Philipson L, Briars R, Devine N, Littlejohn E, Grant T, Gottlieb P, Klingensmith G, Steck A, Alkanani A, Bautista K, Bedoy R, Blau A, Burke B, Cory L, Dang M, Fitzgerald-Miller L, Fouts A, Gage V, Garg S, Gesauldo P, Gutin R, Hayes C, Hoffman M, Ketchum K, Logsden-Sackett N, Maahs D, Messer L, Meyers L, Michels A, Peacock S, Rewers M, Rodriguez P, Sepulbeda F, Sippl R, Steck A, Taki I, Tran BK, Tran T, Wadwa RP, Zeitler P, Barker J, Barry S, Birks L, Bomsburger L, Bookert T, Briggs L, Burdick P, Cabrera R, Chase P, Cobry E, Conley A, Cook G, Daniels J, DiDomenico D, Eckert J, Ehler A, Eisenbarth G, Fain P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Frank N, Goettle H, Haarhues M, Harris S, Horton L, Hutton J, Jeffrrey J, Jenison R, Jones K, Kastelic W, King MA, Lehr D, Lungaro J, Mason K, Maurer H, Nguyen L, Proto A, Realsen J, Schmitt K, Schwartz M, Skovgaard S, Smith J, Vanderwel B, Voelmle M, Wagner R, Wallace A, Walravens P, Weiner L, Westerhoff B, Westfall E, Widmer K, Wright H, Schatz D, Abraham A, Atkinson M, Cintron M, Clare-Salzler M, Ferguson J, Haller M, Hosford J, Mancini D, Rohrs H, Silverstein J, Thomas J, Winter W, Cole G, Cook R, Coy R, Hicks E, Lewis N, Marks J, Pugliese A, Blaschke C, Matheson D, Pugliese A, Sanders-Branca N, Ray Arce LA, Cisneros M, Sabbag S, Moran A, Gibson C, Fife B, Hering B, Kwong C, Leschyshyn J, Nathan B, Pappenfus B, Street A, Boes MA, Peterson Eck S, Finney L, Albright Fischer T, Martin A, Jacqueline Muzamhindo C, Rhodes M, Smith J, Wagner J, Wood B, Becker D, Delallo K, Diaz A, Elnyczky B, Libman I, Pasek B, Riley K, Trucco M, Copemen B, Gwynn D, Toledo F, Rodriguez H, Bollepalli S, Diamond F, Eyth E, Henson D, Lenz A, Shulman D, Raskin P, Adhikari S, Dickson B, Dunnigan E, Lingvay I, Pruneda L, Ramos-Roman M, Raskin P, Rhee C, Richard J, Siegelman M, Sturges D, Sumpter K, White P, Alford M, Arthur J, Aviles-Santa ML, Cordova E, Davis R, Fernandez S, Fordan S, Hardin T, Jacobs A, Kaloyanova P, Lukacova-Zib I, Mirfakhraee S, Mohan A, Noto H, Smith O, Torres N, Wherrett D, Balmer D, Eisel L, Kovalakovska R, Mehan M, Sultan F, Ahenkorah B, Cevallos J, Razack N, Jo Ricci M, Rhode A, Srikandarajah M, Steger R, Russell WE, Black M, Brendle F, Brown A, Moore D, Pittel E, Robertson A, Shannon A, Thomas JW, Herold K, Feldman L, Sherwin R, Tamborlane W, Weinzimer S, Toppari J, Kallio T, Kärkkäinen M, Mäntymäki E, Niininen T, Nurmi B, Rajala P, Romo M, Suomenrinne S, Näntö-Salonen K, Simell O, Simell T, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Bianconi E, Bonfanti R, Grogan P, Laurenzi A, Martinenghi S, Meschi F, Pastore M, Falqui L, Teresa Muscato M, Viscardi M, Bingley P, Castleden H, Farthing N, Loud S, Matthews C, McGhee J, Morgan A, Pollitt J, Elliot-Jones R, Wheaton C, Knip M, Siljander H, Suomalainen H, Colman P, Healy F, Mesfin S, Redl L, Wentworth J, Willis J, Farley M, Harrison L, Perry C, Williams F, Mayo A, Paxton J, Thompson V, Volin L, Fenton C, Carr L, Lemon E, Swank M, Luidens M, Salgam M, Sharma V, Schade D, King C, Carano R, Heiden J, Means N, Holman L, Thomas I, Madrigal D, Muth T, Martin C, Plunkett C, Ramm C, Auchus R, Lane W, Avots E, Buford M, Hale C, Hoyle J, Lane B, Muir A, Shuler S, Raviele N, Ivie E, Jenkins M, Lindsley K, Hansen I, Fadoju D, Felner E, Bode B, Hosey R, Sax J, Jefferies C, Mannering S, Prentis R, She J, Stachura M, Hopkins D, Williams J, Steed L, Asatapova E, Nunez S, Knight S, Dixon P, Ching J, Donner T, Longnecker S, Abel K, Arcara K, Blackman S, Clark L, Cooke D, Plotnick L, Levin P, Bromberger L, Klein K, Sadurska K, Allen C, Michaud D, Snodgrass H, Burghen G, Chatha S, Clark C, Silverberg J, Wittmer C, Gardner J, LeBoeuf C, Bell P, McGlore O, Tennet H, Alba N, Carroll M, Baert L, Beaton H, Cordell E, Haynes A, Reed C, Lichter K, McCarthy P, McCarthy S, Monchamp T, Roach J, Manies S, Gunville F, Marosok L, Nelson T, Ackerman K, Rudolph J, Stewart M, McCormick K, May S, Falls T, Barrett T, Dale K, Makusha L, McTernana C, Penny-Thomas K, Sullivan K, Narendran P, Robbie J, Smith D, Christensen R, Koehler B, Royal C, Arthur T, Houser H, Renaldi J, Watsen S, Wu P, Lyons L, House B, Yu J, Holt H, Nation M, Vickers C, Watling R, Heptulla R, Trast J, Agarwal C, Newell D, Katikaneni R, Gardner C, Del A, Rio A, Logan H, Collier C, Rishton G, Whalley A, Ali S, Ramtoola T, Quattrin L, Mastrandea A, House M, Ecker C, Huang C, Gougeon J, Ho D, Pacuad D, Dunger J, May C, O’Brien C, Acerini B, Salgin A, Thankamony R, Williams J, Buse G, Fuller M, Duclos J, Tricome H, Brown D, Pittard D, Bowlby A, Blue T, Headley S, Bendre K, Lewis K, Sutphin C, Soloranzo J, Puskaric H, Madison M, Rincon M, Carlucci R, Shridharani B, Rusk E, Tessman D, Huffman H, Abrams B, Biederman M, Jones V, Leathers W, Brickman P, Petrie D, Zimmerman J, Howard L, Miller R, Alemzadeh D, Mihailescu R, Melgozza-Walker N, Abdulla C, Boucher-Berry D, Ize-Ludlow R, Levy C, Swenson, Brousell N, Crimmins D, Edler T, Weis C, Schultz D, Rogers D, Latham C, Mawhorter C, Switzer W, Spencer P, Konstantnopoulus S, Broder J, Klein L, Knight L, Szadek G, Welnick B, Thompson R, Hoffman A, Revell J, Cherko K, Carter E, Gilson J, Haines G, Arthur B, Bowen W, Zipf P, Graves R, Lozano D, Seiple K, Spicer A, Chang J, Fregosi J, Harbinson C, Paulson S, Stalters P, Wright D, Zlock A, Freeth J, Victory H, Maheshwari A, Maheshwari T, Holmstrom J, Bueno R, Arguello J, Ahern L, Noreika V, Watson S, Hourse P, Breyer C, Kissel Y, Nicholson M, Pfeifer S, Almazan J, Bajaj M, Quinn K, Funk J, McCance E, Moreno R, Veintimilla A, Wells J, Cook S, Trunnel J, Henske S, Desai K, Frizelis F, Khan R, Sjoberg K, Allen P, Manning G, Hendry B, Taylor S, Jones W, Strader M, Bencomo T, Bailey L, Bedolla C, Roldan C, Moudiotis B, Vaidya C, Anning S, Bunce S, Estcourt E, Folland E, Gordon C, Harrill J, Ireland J, Piper L, Scaife K, Sutton S, Wilkins M, Costelloe J, Palmer L, Casas C, Miller M, Burgard C, Erickson J, Hallanger-Johnson P, Clark W, Taylor A, Lafferty S, Gillett C, Nolan M, Pathak L, Sondrol T, Hjelle S, Hafner J, Kotrba R, Hendrickson A, Cemeroglu T, Symington M, Daniel Y, Appiagyei-Dankah D, Postellon M, Racine L, Kleis K, Barnes S, Godwin H, McCullough K, Shaheen G, Buck L, Noel M, Warren S, Weber S, Parker I, Gillespie B, Nelson C, Frost J, Amrhein E, Moreland A, Hayes J, Peggram J, Aisenberg M, Riordan J, Zasa E, Cummings K, Scott T, Pinto A, Mokashi K, McAssey E, Helden P, Hammond L, Dinning S, Rahman S, Ray C, Dimicri S, Guppy H, Nielsen C, Vogel C, Ariza L, Morales Y, Chang R, Gabbay L, Ambrocio L, Manley R, Nemery W, Charlton P, Smith L, Kerr B, Steindel-Kopp M, Alamaguer D, Liljenquist G, Browning T, Coughenour M, Sulk E, Tsalikan M, Tansey J, Cabbage N. Identical and Nonidentical Twins: Risk and Factors Involved in Development of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:192-199. [PMID: 30061316 PMCID: PMC6341285 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are variable reports of risk of concordance for progression to islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes in identical twins after one twin is diagnosed. We examined development of positive autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes and the effects of genetic factors and common environment on autoantibody positivity in identical twins, nonidentical twins, and full siblings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects from the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study (N = 48,026) were screened from 2004 to 2015 for islet autoantibodies (GAD antibody [GADA], insulinoma-associated antigen 2 [IA-2A], and autoantibodies against insulin [IAA]). Of these subjects, 17,226 (157 identical twins, 283 nonidentical twins, and 16,786 full siblings) were followed for autoantibody positivity or type 1 diabetes for a median of 2.1 years. RESULTS At screening, identical twins were more likely to have positive GADA, IA-2A, and IAA than nonidentical twins or full siblings (all P < 0.0001). Younger age, male sex, and genetic factors were significant factors for expression of IA-2A, IAA, one or more positive autoantibodies, and two or more positive autoantibodies (all P ≤ 0.03). Initially autoantibody-positive identical twins had a 69% risk of diabetes by 3 years compared with 1.5% for initially autoantibody-negative identical twins. In nonidentical twins, type 1 diabetes risk by 3 years was 72% for initially multiple autoantibody-positive, 13% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0% for initially autoantibody-negative nonidentical twins. Full siblings had a 3-year type 1 diabetes risk of 47% for multiple autoantibody-positive, 12% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0.5% for initially autoantibody-negative subjects. CONCLUSIONS Risk of type 1 diabetes at 3 years is high for initially multiple and single autoantibody-positive identical twins and multiple autoantibody-positive nonidentical twins. Genetic predisposition, age, and male sex are significant risk factors for development of positive autoantibodies in twins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M. Triolo
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Alexandra Fouts
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Liping Yu
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Peter A. Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Björkman A, Shakely D, Ali AS, Morris U, Mkali H, Abbas AK, Al-Mafazy AW, Haji KA, Mcha J, Omar R, Cook J, Elfving K, Petzold M, Sachs MC, Aydin-Schmidt B, Drakeley C, Msellem M, Mårtensson A. From high to low malaria transmission in Zanzibar-challenges and opportunities to achieve elimination. BMC Med 2019; 17:14. [PMID: 30665398 PMCID: PMC6341737 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-018-1243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial global progress in the control of malaria in recent years has led to increased commitment to its potential elimination. Whether this is possible in high transmission areas of sub-Saharan Africa remains unclear. Zanzibar represents a unique case study of such attempt, where modern tools and strategies for malaria treatment and vector control have been deployed since 2003. METHODS We have studied temporal trends of comprehensive malariometric indices in two districts with over 100,000 inhabitants each. The analyses included triangulation of data from annual community-based cross-sectional surveys, health management information systems, vital registry and entomological sentinel surveys. RESULTS The interventions, with sustained high-community uptake, were temporally associated with a major malaria decline, most pronounced between 2004 and 2007 and followed by a sustained state of low transmission. In 2015, the Plasmodium falciparum community prevalence of 0.43% (95% CI 0.23-0.73) by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test represented 96% reduction compared with that in 2003. The P. falciparum and P. malariae prevalence by PCR was 1.8% (95% CI 1.3-2.3), and the annual P. falciparum incidence was estimated to 8 infections including 2.8 clinical episodes per 1000 inhabitants. The total parasite load decreased over 1000-fold (99.9%) between 2003 and 2015. The incidence of symptomatic malaria at health facilities decreased by 94% with a trend towards relatively higher incidence in age groups > 5 years, a more pronounced seasonality and with reported travel history to/from Tanzania mainland as a higher risk factor. All-cause mortality among children < 5 years decreased by 72% between 2002 and 2007 mainly following the introduction of artemisinin-based combination therapies whereas the main reduction in malaria incidence followed upon the vector control interventions from 2006. Human biting rates decreased by 98% with a major shift towards outdoor biting by Anopheles arabiensis. CONCLUSIONS Zanzibar provides new evidence of the feasibility of reaching uniquely significant and sustainable malaria reduction (pre-elimination) in a previously high endemic region in sub-Saharan Africa. The data highlight constraints of optimistic prognostic modelling studies. New challenges, mainly with outdoor transmission, a large asymptomatic parasite reservoir and imported infections, require novel tools and reoriented strategies to prevent a rebound effect and achieve elimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Björkman
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - D Shakely
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Health Metrics at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A S Ali
- Zanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - U Morris
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Mkali
- MEASURE Evaluation, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - A K Abbas
- Zanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - A-W Al-Mafazy
- Zanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - K A Haji
- Zanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - J Mcha
- Zanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - R Omar
- Zanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - J Cook
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - K Elfving
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Petzold
- Centre for Applied Biostatistics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M C Sachs
- Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Aydin-Schmidt
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Drakeley
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - M Msellem
- Training and Research, Mnazi Mmoja Hospital, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - A Mårtensson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rudavsky A, Cook J, Magnusson S, Kjaer M, Docking S. Characterising the proximal patellar tendon attachment and its relationship to skeletal maturity in adolescent ballet dancers. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2019. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.02.2017.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Rudavsky
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. Cook
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S.P. Magnusson
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Unit, Department of Physical Therapy, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Kjaer
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. Docking
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Affiliation(s)
- S. Docking
- School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Australia
| | - T. Samiric
- School of Public Health and Human Biosciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E. Scase
- School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Australia
| | - C. Purdam
- School of Public Health and Human Biosciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J. Cook
- School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Toohey L, Drew M, Bullock N, Caling B, Fortington L, Finch C, Cook J. Paddling through the unknown: A 3-year prospective study investigating injury in elite sprint kayak. J Sci Med Sport 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.09.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
38
|
Becker TK, Trehan I, Hayward AS, Hexom BJ, Kivlehan SM, Lunney KM, Modi P, Osei‐Ampofo M, Pousson A, Cho DK, Levine AC, Anderson Reid E, Balhara KS, Bartels S, Becker TK, Beyene T, Bills CB, Bonney J, Bustamante ND, Chan J, Chang J, Cho DK, Coker A, Collier AT, Cook J, Chow Garbern S, Gutierrez CE, Hansoti B, Hauswald M, Hayward AS, Hexom B, Kearney A, Koval K, Keefe DM, Kivlehan SM, Lee S, Levine AC, Lowsby R, Lunney KM, McVane B, Mediratta RP, Modi P, Nicholson B, Osei‐Ampofo M, Osterhoudt KC, Pousson A, Quao NSA, Ragins K, Rees CA, Rybarczyk M, Schultz M, Selvam A, Silvestri D, Stanford K, Trehan I, Vogel L, Winders WT, Zewdie A. Global Emergency Medicine: A Review of the Literature From 2017. Acad Emerg Med 2018; 25:1287-1298. [PMID: 29791967 DOI: 10.1111/acem.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Global Emergency Medicine Literature Review (GEMLR) conducts an annual search of peer-reviewed and gray literature relevant to global emergency medicine (EM) to identify, review, and disseminate the most important new research in this field to a global audience of academics and clinical practitioners. METHODS This year, 17,722 articles written in three languages were identified by our electronic search. These articles were distributed among 20 reviewers for initial screening based on their relevance to the field of global EM. Another two reviewers searched the gray literature, yielding an additional 11 articles. All articles that were deemed appropriate by at least one reviewer and approved by their editor underwent formal scoring of overall quality and importance. Two independent reviewers scored all articles. RESULTS A total of 848 articles met our inclusion criteria and underwent full review. Sixty-three percent were categorized as emergency care in resource-limited settings, 23% as disaster and humanitarian response, and 14% as EM development. Twenty-one articles received scores of 18.5 or higher out of a maximum score 20 and were selected for formal summary and critique. Inter-rater reliability testing between reviewers revealed a Cohen's kappa of 0.344. CONCLUSIONS In 2017, the total number of articles identified by our search continued to increase. Studies and reviews with a focus on infectious diseases, pediatrics, and trauma represented the majority of top-scoring articles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torben K. Becker
- Department of Emergency Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL
| | - Indi Trehan
- Lao Friends Hospital for Children Luang Prabang Lao PDR
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Public Health Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health University of Malawi BlantyreMalawi
| | | | - Braden J. Hexom
- Department of Emergency Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL
| | - Sean M. Kivlehan
- Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA
- Harvard Humanitarian Initiative Cambridge MA
| | - Kevin M. Lunney
- Navy Trauma Training Center Los Angeles County and University of Southern California Los Angeles CA
| | - Payal Modi
- Department of Emergency Medicine University of Massachusetts Worcester MA
| | - Maxwell Osei‐Ampofo
- Emergency Medicine Directorate Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology KumasiGhana
| | - Amelia Pousson
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | | | - Adam C. Levine
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI
- Humanitarian Innovation Initiative (HI²) Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs Providence RI
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Perrott M, Cook J, Ellis M, Pizzari T. Movement variability improved more with stability exercise than stretching: A randomised controlled trial. J Sci Med Sport 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
40
|
Crocker J, Rees S, Locock L, Petit-Zeman S, Chant A, Treweek S, Cook J, Farrar N, Woolfall K, Bostock J, Harmston R, Ferrey A, Bulbulia R. #3 PIRRIST: A patient and public involvement (PPI) intervention to enhance recruitment and retention in surgical trials (oral presentation). Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
41
|
Docking S, Cook J, Rio E, Rabusin C, Munteanu S. Does reporting of imaging findings affect patient's perception of treatment efficacy in Achilles tendinopathy? A randomised clinical trial. J Sci Med Sport 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
42
|
Redondo MJ, Geyer S, Steck AK, Sharp S, Wentworth JM, Weedon MN, Antinozzi P, Sosenko J, Atkinson M, Pugliese A, Oram RA, Antinozzi P, Atkinson M, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Colman P, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Insel R, Kay T, Knip M, Marks J, Moran A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Pugliese A, Raskin P, Rodriguez H, Roep B, Russell W, Schatz D, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Benoist C, Blum J, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Kaufman F, Leschek E, Mahon J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Roncarolo M, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Greenbaum ,CJ, Bourcier K, Insel R, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Spain L, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Sosenko JM, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Adams T, Amado D, Asif I, Boonstra M, Bundy B, Burroughs C, Cuthbertson D, Deemer M, Eberhard C, Fiske S, Ford J, Garmeson J, Guillette H, Browning G, Coughenour T, Sulk M, Tsalikan E, Tansey M, Cabbage J, Dixit N, Pasha S, King M, Adcock K, Geyer S, Atterberry H, Fox L, Englert K, Mauras N, Permuy J, Sikes K, Berhe T, Guendling B, McLennan L, Paganessi L, Hays B, Murphy C, Draznin M, Kamboj M, Sheppard S, Lewis V, Coates L, Moore W, Babar G, Bedard J, Brenson-Hughes D, Henderson C, Cernich J, Clements M, Duprau R, Goodman S, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz L, Karmazin A, Letjen T, Raman S, Morin D, Henry M, Bestermann W, Morawski E, White J, Brockmyer A, Bays R, Campbell S, Stapleton A, Stone N, Donoho A, Everett H, Heyman K, Hensley H, Johnson M, Marshall C, Skirvin N, Taylor P, Williams R, Ray L, Wolverton C, Nickels D, Dothard C, Hsiao B, Speiser P, Pellizzari M, Bokor L, Izuora K, Abdelnour S, Cummings P, Paynor S, Leahy M, Riedl M, Shockley S, Karges C, Saad R, Briones T, Casella S, Herz C, Walsh K, Greening J, Hay F, Hunt S, Sikotra N, Simons L, Keaton N, Karounos D, Oremus R, Dye L, Myers L, Ballard D, Miers W, Sparks R, Thraikill K, Edwards K, Fowlkes J, Kinderman A, Kemp S, Morales A, Holland L, Johnson L, Paul P, Ghatak A, Phelen K, Leyland H, Henderson T, Brenner D, Law P, Oppenheimer E, Mamkin I, Moniz C, Clarson C, Lovell M, Peters A, Ruelas V, Borut D, Burt D, Jordan M, Leinbach A, Castilla S, Flores P, Ruiz M, Hanson L, Green-Blair J, Sheridan R, Wintergerst K, Pierce G, Omoruyi A, Foster M, Linton C, Kingery S, Lunsford A, Cervantes I, Parker T, Price P, Urben J, Doughty I, Haydock H, Parker V, Bergman P, Liu S, Duncum S, Rodda C, Thomas A, Ferry R, McCommon D, Cockroft J, Perelman A, Calendo R, Barrera C, Arce-Nunez E, Lloyd J, Martinez Y, De la Portilla M, Cardenas I, Garrido L, Villar M, Lorini R, Calandra E, D’Annuzio G, Perri K, Minuto N, Malloy J, Rebora C, Callegari R, Ali O, Kramer J, Auble B, Cabrera S, Donohoue P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Hessner M, Wolfgram P, Maddox K, Kansra A, Bettin N, McCuller R, Miller A, Accacha S, Corrigan J, Fiore E, Levine R, Mahoney T, Polychronakos C, Martin J, Gagne V, Starkman H, Fox M, Chin D, Melchionne F, Silverman L, Marshall I, Cerracchio L, Cruz J, Viswanathan A, Miller J, Wilson J, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn S, Lala A, Clesi P, Genet M, Uwaifo G, Charron A, Allerton T, Milliot E, Cefalu W, Melendez-Ramirez L, Richards R, Alleyn C, Gustafson E, Lizanna M, Wahlen J, Aleiwe S, Hansen M, Wahlen H, Moore M, Levy C, Bonaccorso A, Rapaport R, Tomer Y, Chia D, Goldis M, Iazzetti L, Klein M, Levister C, Waldman L, Muller S, Wallach E, Regelmann M, Antal Z, Aranda M, Reynholds C, Leech N, Wake D, Owens C, Burns M, Wotherspoon J, Nguyen T, Murray A, Short K, Curry G, Kelsey S, Lawson J, Porter J, Stevens S, Thomson E, Winship S, Wynn L, O’Donnell R, Wiltshire E, Krebs J, Cresswell P, Faherty H, Ross C, Vinik A, Barlow P, Bourcier M, Nevoret M, Couper J, Oduah V, Beresford S, Thalagne N, Roper H, Gibbons J, Hill J, Balleaut S, Brennan C, Ellis-Gage J, Fear L, Gray T, Pilger J, Jones L, McNerney C, Pointer L, Price N, Few K, Tomlinson D, Denvir L, Drew J, Randell T, Mansell P, Roberts A, Bell S, Butler S, Hooton Y, Navarra H, Roper A, Babington G, Crate L, Cripps H, Ledlie A, Moulds C, Sadler K, Norton R, Petrova B, Silkstone O, Smith C, Ghai K, Murray M, Viswanathan V, Henegan M, Kawadry O, Olson J, Stavros T, Patterson L, Ahmad T, Flores B, Domek D, Domek S, Copeland K, George M, Less J, Davis T, Short M, Tamura R, Dwarakanathan A, O’Donnell P, Boerner B, Larson L, Phillips M, Rendell M, Larson K, Smith C, Zebrowski K, Kuechenmeister L, Wood K, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels M, Speer H, Forghani N, Quintana R, Reh C, Bhangoo A, Desrosiers P, Ireland L, Misla T, Xu P, Torres C, Wells S, Villar J, Yu M, Berry D, Cook D, Soder J, Powell A, Ng M, Morrison M, Young K, Haslam Z, Lawson M, Bradley B, Courtney J, Richardson C, Watson C, Keely E, DeCurtis D, Vaccarcello-Cruz M, Torres Z, Alies P, Sandberg K, Hsiang H, Joy B, McCormick D, Powell A, Jones H, Bell J, Hargadon S, Hudson S, Kummer M, Badias F, Sauder S, Sutton E, Gensel K, Aguirre-Castaneda R, Benavides Lopez V, Hemp D, Allen S, Stear J, Davis E, Jones T, Baker A, Roberts A, Dart J, Paramalingam N, Levitt Katz L, Chaudhary N, Murphy K, Willi S, Schwartzman B, Kapadia C, Larson D, Bassi M, McClellan D, Shaibai G, Kelley L, Villa G, Kelley C, Diamond R, Kabbani M, Dajani T, Hoekstra F, Magorno M, Beam C, Holst J, Chauhan V, Wilson N, Bononi P, Sperl M, Millward A, Eaton M, Dean L, Olshan J, Renna H, Boulware D, Milliard C, Snyder D, Beaman S, Burch K, Chester J, Ahmann A, Wollam B, DeFrang D, Fitch R, Jahnke K, Bounmananh L, Hanavan K, Klopfenstein B, Nicol L, Bergstrom R, Noland T, Brodksy J, Bacon L, Quintos J, Topor L, Bialo S, Bream S, Bancroft B, Soto A, Lagarde W, Lockemer H, Vanderploeg T, Ibrahim M, Huie M, Sanchez V, Edelen R, Marchiando R, Freeman D, Palmer J, Repas T, Wasson M, Auker P, Culbertson J, Kieffer T, Voorhees D, Borgwardt T, DeRaad L, Eckert K, Gough J, Isaacson E, Kuhn H, Carroll A, Schubert M, Francis G, Hagan S, Le T, Penn M, Wickham E, Leyva C, Ginem J, Rivera K, Padilla J, Rodriguez I, Jospe N, Czyzyk J, Johnson B, Nadgir U, Marlen N, Prakasam G, Rieger C, Granger M, Glaser N, Heiser E, Harris B, Foster C, Slater H, Wheeler K, Donaldson D, Murray M, Hale D, Tragus R, Holloway M, Word D, Lynch J, Pankratz L, Rogers W, Newfield R, Holland S, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk M, Philis-Tsimikas A, Rosal R, Kieffer M, Franklin S, Guardado S, Bohannon N, Garcia M, Aguinaldo T, Phan J, Barraza V, Cohen D, Pinsker J, Khan U, Lane P, Wiley J, Jovanovic L, Misra P, Wright M, Cohen D, Huang K, Skiles M, Maxcy S, Pihoker C, Cochrane K, Nallamshetty L, Fosse J, Kearns S, Klingsheim M, Wright N, Viles L, Smith H, Heller S, Cunningham M, Daniels A, Zeiden L, Parrimon Y, Field J, Walker R, Griffin K, Bartholow L, Erickson C, Howard J, Krabbenhoft B, Sandman C, Vanveldhuizen A, Wurlger J, Paulus K, Zimmerman A, Hanisch K, Davis-Keppen L, Cotterill A, Kirby J, Harris M, Schmidt A, Kishiyama C, Flores C, Milton J, Ramiro J, Martin W, Whysham C, Yerka A, Freels T, Hassing J, Webster J, Green R, Carter P, Galloway J, Hoelzer D, Ritzie AQL, Roberts S, Said S, Sullivan P, Allen H, Reiter E, Feinberg E, Johnson C, Newhook L, Hagerty D, White N, Sharma A, Levandoski L, Kyllo J, Johnson M, Benoit C, Iyer P, Diamond F, Hosono H, Jackman S, Barette L, Jones P, Shor A, Sills I, Bzdick S, Bulger J, Weinstock R, Douek I, Andrews R, Modgill G, Gyorffy G, Robin L, Vaidya N, Song X, Crouch S, O’Brien K, Thompson C, Thorne N, Blumer J, Kalic J, Klepek L, Paulett J, Rosolowski B, Horner J, Terry A, Watkins M, Casey J, Carpenter K, Burns C, Horton J, Pritchard C, Soetaert D, Wynne A, Kaiserman K, Halvorson M, Weinberger J, Chin C, Molina O, Patel C, Senguttuvan R, Wheeler M, Furet O, Steuhm C, Jelley D, Goudeau S, Chalmers L, Wootten M, Greer D, Panagiotopoulos C, Metzger D, Nguyen D, Horowitz M, Christiansen M, Glades E, Morimoto C, Macarewich M, Norman R, Harding P, Patin K, Vargas C, Barbanica A, Yu A, Vaidyanathan P, Osborne W, Mehra R, Kaster S, Neace S, Horner J, McDonough S, Reeves G, Cordrey C, Marrs L, Miller T, Dowshen S, Doyle D, Walker S, Catte D, Dean H, Drury-Brown M, McGee PF, Hackman B, Lee M, Malkani S, Cullen K, Johnson K, Hampton P, McCarrell M, Curtis C, Paul E, Zambrano Y, Hess KO, Phoebus D, Quinlan S, Raiden E, Batts E, Buddy C, Kirpatrick K, Ramey M, Shultz A, Webb C, Romesco M, Fradkin J, Blumberg E, Beck G, Brillon D, Gubitosi-Klug R, Laffel L, Veatch R, Wallace D, Braun J, Lernmark A, Lo B, Mitchell H, Naji A, Nerup J, Orchard T, Steffes M, Tsiatis A, Zinman B, Loechelt B, Baden L, Green M, Weinberg A, Marcovina S, Palmer JP, Weinberg A, Yu L, Babu S, Winter W, Eisenbarth GS, Bingley P, Clynes R, DiMeglio L, Eisenbarth G, Hays B, Marks J, Matheson D, Rodriguez H, Wilson D, Redondo MJ, Gomez D, Zheng X, Pena S, Pietropaolo M, Batts E, Brown T, Buckner J, Dove A, Hammond M, Hefty D, Klein J, Kuhns K, Letlau M, Lord S, McCulloch-Olson M, Miller L, Nepom G, Odegard J, Ramey M, Sachter E, St. Marie M, Stickney K, VanBuecken D, Vellek B, Webber C, Allen L, Bollyk J, Hilderman N, Ismail H, Lamola S, Sanda S, Vendettuoli H, Tridgell D, Monzavi R, Bock M, Fisher L, Halvorson M, Jeandron D, Kim M, Wood J, Geffner M, Kaufman F, Parkman R, Salazar C, Goland R, Clynes R, Cook S, Freeby M, Gallagher MP, Gandica R, Greenberg E, Kurland A, Pollak S, Wolk A, Chan M, Koplimae L, Levine E, Smith K, Trast J, DiMeglio L, Blum J, Evans-Molina C, Hufferd R, Jagielo B, Kruse C, Patrick V, Rigby M, Spall M, Swinney K, Terrell J, Christner L, Ford L, Lynch S, Menendez M, Merrill P, Pescovitz M, Rodriguez H, Alleyn C, Baidal D, Fay S, Gaglia J, Resnick B, Szubowicz S, Weir G, Benjamin R, Conboy D, deManbey A, Jackson R, Jalahej H, Orban T, Ricker A, Wolfsdorf J, Zhang HH, Wilson D, Aye T, Baker B, Barahona K, Buckingham B, Esrey K, Esrey T, Fathman G, Snyder R, Aneja B, Chatav M, Espinoza O, Frank E, Liu J, Perry J, Pyle R, Rigby A, Riley K, Soto A, Gitelman S, Adi S, Anderson M, Berhel A, Breen K, Fraser K, Gerard-Gonzalez A, Jossan P, Lustig R, Moassesfar S, Mugg A, Ng D, Prahalod P, Rangel-Lugo M, Sanda S, Tarkoff J, Torok C, Wesch R, Aslan I, Buchanan J, Cordier J, Hamilton C, Hawkins L, Ho T, Jain A, Ko K, Lee T, Phelps S, Rosenthal S, Sahakitrungruang T, Stehl L, Taylor L, Wertz M, Wong J, Philipson L, Briars R, Devine N, Littlejohn E, Grant T, Gottlieb P, Klingensmith G, Steck A, Alkanani A, Bautista K, Bedoy R, Blau A, Burke B, Cory L, Dang M, Fitzgerald-Miller L, Fouts A, Gage V, Garg S, Gesauldo P, Gutin R, Hayes C, Hoffman M, Ketchum K, Logsden-Sackett N, Maahs D, Messer L, Meyers L, Michels A, Peacock S, Rewers M, Rodriguez P, Sepulbeda F, Sippl R, Steck A, Taki I, Tran BK, Tran T, Wadwa RP, Zeitler P, Barker J, Barry S, Birks L, Bomsburger L, Bookert T, Briggs L, Burdick P, Cabrera R, Chase P, Cobry E, Conley A, Cook G, Daniels J, DiDomenico D, Eckert J, Ehler A, Eisenbarth G, Fain P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Frank N, Goettle H, Haarhues M, Harris S, Horton L, Hutton J, Jeffrrey J, Jenison R, Jones K, Kastelic W, King MA, Lehr D, Lungaro J, Mason K, Maurer H, Nguyen L, Proto A, Realsen J, Schmitt K, Schwartz M, Skovgaard S, Smith J, Vanderwel B, Voelmle M, Wagner R, Wallace A, Walravens P, Weiner L, Westerhoff B, Westfall E, Widmer K, Wright H, Schatz D, Abraham A, Atkinson M, Cintron M, Clare-Salzler M, Ferguson J, Haller M, Hosford J, Mancini D, Rohrs H, Silverstein J, Thomas J, Winter W, Cole G, Cook R, Coy R, Hicks E, Lewis N, Marks J, Pugliese A, Blaschke C, Matheson D, Sanders-Branca N, Sosenko J, Arazo L, Arce R, Cisneros M, Sabbag S, Moran A, Gibson C, Fife B, Hering B, Kwong C, Leschyshyn J, Nathan B, Pappenfus B, Street A, Boes MA, Eck SP, Finney L, Fischer TA, Martin A, Muzamhindo CJ, Rhodes M, Smith J, Wagner J, Wood B, Becker D, Delallo K, Diaz A, Elnyczky B, Libman I, Pasek B, Riley K, Trucco M, Copemen B, Gwynn D, Toledo F, Rodriguez H, Bollepalli S, Diamond F, Eyth E, Henson D, Lenz A, Shulman D, Raskin P, Adhikari S, Dickson B, Dunnigan E, Lingvay I, Pruneda L, Ramos-Roman M, Raskin P, Rhee C, Richard J, Siegelman M, Sturges D, Sumpter K, White P, Alford M, Arthur J, Aviles-Santa ML, Cordova E, Davis R, Fernandez S, Fordan S, Hardin T, Jacobs A, Kaloyanova P, Lukacova-Zib I, Mirfakhraee S, Mohan A, Noto H, Smith O, Torres N, Wherrett D, Balmer D, Eisel L, Kovalakovska R, Mehan M, Sultan F, Ahenkorah B, Cevallos J, Razack N, Ricci MJ, Rhode A, Srikandarajah M, Steger R, Russell WE, Black M, Brendle F, Brown A, Moore D, Pittel E, Robertson A, Shannon A, Thomas JW, Herold K, Feldman L, Sherwin R, Tamborlane W, Weinzimer S, Toppari J, Kallio T, Kärkkäinen M, Mäntymäki E, Niininen T, Nurmi B, Rajala P, Romo M, Suomenrinne S, Näntö-Salonen K, Simell O, Simell T, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Bianconi E, Bonfanti R, Grogan P, Laurenzi A, Martinenghi S, Meschi F, Pastore M, Falqui L, Muscato MT, Viscardi M, Castleden H, Farthing N, Loud S, Matthews C, McGhee J, Morgan A, Pollitt J, Elliot-Jones R, Wheaton C, Knip M, Siljander H, Suomalainen H, Colman P, Healy F, Mesfin S, Redl L, Wentworth J, Willis J, Farley M, Harrison L, Perry C, Williams F, Mayo A, Paxton J, Thompson V, Volin L, Fenton C, Carr L, Lemon E, Swank M, Luidens M, Salgam M, Sharma V, Schade D, King C, Carano R, Heiden J, Means N, Holman L, Thomas I, Madrigal D, Muth T, Martin C, Plunkett C, Ramm C, Auchus R, Lane W, Avots E, Buford M, Hale C, Hoyle J, Lane B, Muir A, Shuler S, Raviele N, Ivie E, Jenkins M, Lindsley K, Hansen I, Fadoju D, Felner E, Bode B, Hosey R, Sax J, Jefferies C, Mannering S, Prentis R, She J, Stachura M, Hopkins D, Williams J, Steed L, Asatapova E, Nunez S, Knight S, Dixon P, Ching J, Donner T, Longnecker S, Abel K, Arcara K, Blackman S, Clark L, Cooke D, Plotnick L, Levin P, Bromberger L, Klein K, Sadurska K, Allen C, Michaud D, Snodgrass H, Burghen G, Chatha S, Clark C, Silverberg J, Wittmer C, Gardner J, LeBoeuf C, Bell P, McGlore O, Tennet H, Alba N, Carroll M, Baert L, Beaton H, Cordell E, Haynes A, Reed C, Lichter K, McCarthy P, McCarthy S, Monchamp T, Roach J, Manies S, Gunville F, Marosok L, Nelson T, Ackerman K, Rudolph J, Stewart M, McCormick K, May S, Falls T, Barrett T, Dale K, Makusha L, McTernana C, Penny-Thomas K, Sullivan K, Narendran P, Robbie J, Smith D, Christensen R, Koehler B, Royal C, Arthur T, Houser H, Renaldi J, Watsen S, Wu P, Lyons L, House B, Yu J, Holt H, Nation M, Vickers C, Watling R, Heptulla R, Trast J, Agarwal C, Newell D, Katikaneni R, Gardner C, Del Rio A, Logan A, Collier H, Rishton C, Whalley G, Ali A, Ramtoola S, Quattrin T, Mastrandea L, House A, Ecker M, Huang C, Gougeon C, Ho J, Pacuad D, Dunger D, May J, O’Brien C, Acerini C, Salgin B, Thankamony A, Williams R, Buse J, Fuller G, Duclos M, Tricome J, Brown H, Pittard D, Bowlby D, Blue A, Headley T, Bendre S, Lewis K, Sutphin K, Soloranzo C, Puskaric J, Madison H, Rincon M, Carlucci M, Shridharani R, Rusk B, Tessman E, Huffman D, Abrams H, Biederman B, Jones M, Leathers V, Brickman W, Petrie P, Zimmerman D, Howard J, Miller L, Alemzadeh R, Mihailescu D, Melgozza-Walker R, Abdulla N, Boucher-Berry C, Ize-Ludlow D, Levy R, Swenson Brousell C, Scott R, Heenan H, Lunt H, Kendall D, Willis J, Darlow B, Crimmins N, Edler D, Weis T, Schultz C, Rogers D, Latham D, Mawhorter C, Switzer C, Spencer W, Konstantnopoulus P, Broder S, Klein J, Bachrach B, Gardner M, Eichelberger D, Knight L, Szadek L, Welnick G, Thompson B, Hoffman R, Revell A, Cherko J, Carter K, Gilson E, Haines J, Arthur G, Bowen B, Zipf W, Graves P, Lozano R, Seiple D, Spicer K, Chang A, Fregosi J, Harbinson J, Paulson C, Stalters S, Wright P, Zlock D, Freeth A, Victory J, Maheshwari H, Maheshwari A, Holmstrom T, Bueno J, Arguello R, Ahern J, Noreika L, Watson V, Hourse S, Breyer P, Kissel C, Nicholson Y, Pfeifer M, Almazan S, Bajaj J, Quinn M, Funk K, McCance J, Moreno E, Veintimilla R, Wells A, Cook J, Trunnel S, Transue D, Surhigh J, Bezzaire D, Moltz K, Zacharski E, Henske J, Desai S, Frizelis K, Khan F, Sjoberg R, Allen K, Manning P, Hendry G, Taylor B, Jones S, Couch R, Danchak R, Lieberman D, Strader W, Bencomo M, Bailey T, Bedolla L, Roldan C, Moudiotis C, Vaidya B, Anning C, Bunce S, Estcourt S, Folland E, Gordon E, Harrill C, Ireland J, Piper J, Scaife L, Sutton K, Wilkins S, Costelloe M, Palmer J, Casas L, Miller C, Burgard M, Erickson C, Hallanger-Johnson J, Clark P, Taylor W, Galgani J, Banerjee S, Banda C, McEowen D, Kinman R, Lafferty A, Gillett S, Nolan C, Pathak M, Sondrol L, Hjelle T, Hafner S, Kotrba J, Hendrickson R, Cemeroglu A, Symington T, Daniel M, Appiagyei-Dankah Y, Postellon D, Racine M, Kleis L, Barnes K, Godwin S, McCullough H, Shaheen K, Buck G, Noel L, Warren M, Weber S, Parker S, Gillespie I, Nelson B, Frost C, Amrhein J, Moreland E, Hayes A, Peggram J, Aisenberg J, Riordan M, Zasa J, Cummings E, Scott K, Pinto T, Mokashi A, McAssey K, Helden E, Hammond P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Labban S, Sullivan S, Masroor N, Modi S, Cook J, Bearman G, Stevens M. Chlorine Levels in a Cistern-Based Water Distribution System in Rural Honduras. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
|
44
|
Rudavsky A, Cook J, Docking S. Quantifying proximal patellar tendon changes during adolescence in elite ballet dancers, a 2-year study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2369-2374. [PMID: 29862593 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Patellar tendon pathology appears to develop in young athletes. It is not known how this tendon develops through adolescence. This longitudinal study investigated proximal patellar tendon development during the adolescent growth spurt in young ballet dancers and identified whether puberty (estimated by maturity offset) had an effect on tendon development. Fifty two dancers (32 female and 20 male dancers, ages 11-18 at baseline) had ultrasound images of their tendons every 6 months for 2 years. Changes in tendon size (anterior-posterior diameter) on grayscale images and echogenicity, as quantified using ultrasound tissue characterization, were recorded each time. Maturity offset was calculated used to estimate peak height velocity (adolescent growth spurt). Maturity offset did not affect effect tendon composition before peak height velocity; however, after participants passed peak height velocity, maturity offset increased the composition of stable echopattern (P < .05): a 4% differential increase in type I echopattern, indicative of normal tendon structure, and a decrease in type III echopattern (more disorganized echopattern) by 0.7% per year. Anterior-posterior thickness increased by 0.2 mm/y (P < .05) measured 2 cm below the patella. Following peak height velocity, the proximal patellar tendon attachment increased in thickness and demonstrated a more stable echopattern representative of aligned fibrillar structure. Future research is required to further understand this normal maturation and the factors that support this process, with the aim of reducing the development of patellar tendon pathology in the adolescent jumping athlete.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Rudavsky
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital and Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - J Cook
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - S Docking
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Docking SI, Rio E, Cook J, Orchard JW, Fortington LV. The prevalence of Achilles and patellar tendon injuries in Australian football players beyond a time-loss definition. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2016-2022. [PMID: 29572969 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the prevalence and associated of morbidity of tendon problems. With only severe cases of tendon problems missing games, players that have their training and performance impacted are not captured by traditional injury surveillance. The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of Achilles and patellar tendon problems in elite male Australian football players using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC) overuse questionnaire, compared to a time-loss definition. Male athletes from 12 professional Australian football teams were invited to complete a monthly questionnaire over a 9-month period in the 2016 pre- and competitive season. The OSTRC overuse injury questionnaire was used to measure the prevalence and severity of Achilles and patellar tendon symptoms and was compared to traditional match-loss statistics. A total of 441 participants were included. Of all participants, 21.5% (95% CI: 17.9-25.6) and 25.2% (95% CI 21.3-29.4) reported Achilles or patellar tendon problems during the season, respectively. Based on the traditional match-loss definition, a combined 4.1% of participants missed games due to either Achilles or patellar tendon injury. A greater average monthly prevalence was observed during the pre-season compared to the competitive season. Achilles and patellar tendon problems are prevalent in elite male Australian football players. These injuries are not adequately captured using a traditional match-loss definition. Prevention of these injuries may be best targeted during the off- and pre-season due to higher prevalence of symptoms during the pre-season compared to during the competitive season.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S I Docking
- La Trobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia.,Australian Collaboration for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia
| | - E Rio
- La Trobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia.,Australian Collaboration for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia
| | - J Cook
- La Trobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia.,Australian Collaboration for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia
| | - J W Orchard
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L V Fortington
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sports and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Vic., Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sincore A, Cook J, Tan F, El Halawany A, Riggins A, McDaniel S, Cook G, Martyshkin DV, Fedorov VV, Mirov SB, Shah L, Abouraddy AF, Richardson MC, Schepler KL. High power single-mode delivery of mid-infrared sources through chalcogenide fiber. Opt Express 2018; 26:7313-7323. [PMID: 29609288 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.007313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically robust and low loss single-mode arsenic sulfide fibers are used to deliver high power mid-infrared sources. Anti-reflection coatings were deposited on the fiber facets, enabling 90% transmission through 20 cm length fibers. 10.3 W was transmitted through an anti-reflection coated fiber at 2053 nm, and uncoated fibers sustained 12 MW/cm2 intensities on the facet without failure. A Cr:ZnSe laser transmitted >1 W at 2520 nm, and a Fe:ZnSe laser transmitted 0.5 W at 4102 nm. These results indicate that by improving the anti-reflection coatings and using a high beam quality mid-infrared source, chalcogenide fibers can reliably deliver ≥10 W in a single mode, potentially out to 6.5 µm.
Collapse
|
47
|
Cook J, Helphrey M, Crouch D, Fox D, Schultz L, Cook C, Kunkel J, Headrick J. A novel radiographic method to facilitate measurement of the tibial plateau angle in dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1616583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) is commonly performed for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament deficiency in dogs. In order to be performed as described, this procedure relies on consistent measurement of the tibial plateau angle (TPA) on radiographs. This prospective study compared two radiographic methods for subsequent TPA measurement with respect to measured angle and ease of determining landmarks for measurement as determined by four observers. One method was the accepted standard radiographic protocol outlined in the TPLO training seminars. The other method involved a novel split image radiographic protocol not yet described in the literature. Participants' subjective scores as to ease of identifying landmarks and determining TPA on radiographs for each method were evaluated. Inter-observer TPA measurement variability was also assessed for each method. The novel radiographic method was judged to be significantly better in terms of ease of measuring TPA. Inter-observer measurement variability was considered appropriate for recommending use of this novel method for radiographing patients for TPA measurements.
Collapse
|
48
|
Acquaah F, Pinder R, Cooper C, Cook J, Gardiner M, Sierakowski A, Zweifel C, Jain A, Greig A. Trainees Experience of a National Multi-Centre Randomised Controlled Pilot Trial in Plastic Surgery. Int J Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.08.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
49
|
Ganderton C, Semciw A, Cook J, Moreira E, Pizzari T. Education with exercise improves pain and dysfunction in post-menopausal women with greater trochanteric pain syndrome. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
50
|
Docking S, Fortington L, Rio E, Cook J. Development, but not worsening, of patellar tendon pathology increases the risk of patellar tendinopathy during an Australian football season. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|