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Tran M, Shrake K, Chera BS, DePaoli B, Duffy EW, Hall MB, Steinman JS, Myers S, Igiebor OS, Sauls L, Pratt S, Callahan J, McDonald DG, Harper JL, Cooper SL. Reducing Patient Care Delays in Radiation Oncology via Optimization of Insurance Pre-Authorization. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S97-S98. [PMID: 37784616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Difficulties and delays in insurance pre-authorization (pre-auth) can negatively impact patient care, resulting in postponing, modifying, or even cancelling radiation therapy for patients. Unfortunately, pre-auth delays are not uncommon. The purpose of our project was to perform a root cause analysis of reasons for pre-auth delays, and implement solutions to optimize our workflow to better serve our patients. Our primary objectives were to decrease the mean time for clinical treatment plan (CTP) completion, and for number of cases delayed/denied, by 50% each. MATERIALS/METHODS We performed a root cause analysis of reasons for pre-auth delays and used the PDSA & A3 quality improvement methods. We sampled ∼2 cases per disease site (total 19 cases from July - Aug 2022) to determine the "current state," pre-interventions. Countermeasures included: 1) customizing our CTP templates for each disease site to contain the specific clinical information required by each insurer, 2) formalizing earlier completion of CTPs through task automation at time of scheduling CT simulation in our Care Path, and 3) continuously refining our countermeasures based on monthly status updates and department meetings. We tracked various physician, authorization, and outcome-metrics between October 2022 and January 2023, including mean time for CTP completion, % usage of our Care Path, % usage of revised CTP templates, mean time until pre-auth initiated & completed, % of cases requiring peer-to-peer phone calls, and % of cases denied/delayed. RESULTS There were 417 patients from a variety of disease sites who had a CT simulation at our institution between October 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. Mean time for CTP completion (from the time of CT simulation request) improved from 16 days at baseline to 7 days by the end of the project. In the beginning, only 5% of CTPs were completed within 2 days of scheduling the CT simulation, and this improved to 42-56% during the project period. Percent usage of the Care Path improved dramatically from 16% to 91%, as did % usage of our revised CTP templates, from 0% to 96%. Despite initial lag in pre-authorization team workflow changes, the % of pre-authorizations initiated by day 3 from CT request improved from 32% at baseline to 48% by month 4. Mean time to complete insurance pre-authorizations improved from 16 days at baseline to 10 days. The percent of cases requiring peer to peer or were denied was reduced significantly from 32% at baseline to 4-11%. CONCLUSION Improvingtimeliness and details of CTP documentation by using our Care Path and revising CTP templates improved efficiency of insurance pre-auth completion, and reduced the number of cases delayed/denied.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - K Shrake
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - B S Chera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - B DePaoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - E W Duffy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - M B Hall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - J S Steinman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - S Myers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - O S Igiebor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - L Sauls
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - S Pratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - J Callahan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - D G McDonald
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - J L Harper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - S L Cooper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Alipour R, Jackson P, Bressel M, Hogg A, Callahan J, Hicks RJ, Kong G. The relationship between tumour dosimetry, response, and overall survival in patients with unresectable Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NEN) treated with 177Lu DOTATATE (LuTate). Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:2997-3010. [PMID: 37184682 PMCID: PMC10382388 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) delivers targeted radiation to Somatostatin Receptor (SSR) expressing Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NEN). We sought to assess the predictive and prognostic implications of tumour dosimetry with respect to response by 68 Ga DOTATATE (GaTate) PET/CT molecular imaging tumour volume of SSR (MITVSSR) change and RECIST 1.1, and overall survival (OS). METHODS Patients with gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) NEN who received LuTate followed by quantitative SPECT/CT (Q-SPECT/CT) the next day (Jul 2010 to Jan 2019) were retrospectively reviewed. Single time-point (STP) lesional dosimetry was performed for each cycle using population-based pharmacokinetic modelling. MITVSSR and RECIST 1.1 were measured at 3-months post PRRT. RESULTS Median of 4 PRRT cycles were administered to 90 patients (range 2-5 cycles; mean 27.4 GBq cumulative activity; mean 7.6 GBq per cycle). 68% received at least one cycle with radiosensitising chemotherapy (RSC). RECIST 1.1 partial response was 24%, with 70% stable and 7% progressive disease. Cycle 1 radiation dose in measurable lesions was associated with local response (odds ratio 1.5 per 50 Gy [95% CI: 1.1-2.0], p = 0.002) when adjusted by tumour grade and RSC. Median change in MITVSSR was -63% (interquartile range -84 to -29), with no correlation with radiation dose to the most avid lesion on univariable or multivariant analyses (5.6 per 10 Gy [95% CI: -1.6, 12.8], p = 0.133). OS at 5-years was 68% (95% CI: 56-78%). Neither baseline MITVSSR (hazard ratio 1.1 [95% CI: 1.0, 1.2], p = 0.128) nor change in baseline MITVSSR (hazard ratio 1.0 [95% CI: 1.0, 1.1], p = 0.223) were associated with OS when adjusted by tumour grade and RSC but RSC was (95% CI: 0.2, 0.8, p = 0.012). CONCLUSION Radiation dose to tumour during PRRT was predictive of radiologic response but not survival. Survival outcomes may relate to other biological factors. There was no evidence that MITVSSR change was associated with OS, but a larger study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Alipour
- Department of Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - P Jackson
- Department of Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Bressel
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Hogg
- Department of Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Callahan
- Department of Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R J Hicks
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G Kong
- Department of Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Bucknell N, Hardcastle N, Woon B, Bressel M, Byrne K, Selbie L, Callahan J, Hanna G, Hofman M, Ball D, Kron T, Siva S. EP05.01-023 Feasibility of Functional Lung Avoidance using Ga-68 4D Ventilation Perfusion PET/CT: The HI-FIVE Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hegi-Johnson F, Akhurst T, Rudd S, Donnelly P, Scott A, Callahan J, Roselt P, John T, Sithara S, Wichmann C, Hanna G, MacManus M. MA09.05 Increased PD-L1 Tracer Uptake in Recently-irradiated Lesions in NSCLC: Preliminary Results of a Phase 0 Trial (ImmunoPET) of a Novel PET Tracer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gaudreault M, Hardcastle N, Jackson P, Callahan J, Kron T, Huntzinger C, Shirvani S, Da Silva A, Hofman M, Hanna G, Siva S. Suitability of PSMA-PET Biology-Guided Radiotherapy for Low Volume Metastases in Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bonney A, Wagner CA, Siva S, Callahan J, Le Roux PY, Pascoe D, Irving L, Hofman M, Steinfort D. CORRELATION OF POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY PERFUSION-VENTILATION MATCHING WITH CT DENSITOMETRY IN SEVERE EMPHYSEMA. Chest 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.05.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Weppler A, Bhave P, De Ieso P, Chua M, Raleigh J, Hatzimihalis A, Gill A, Balachander S, Callahan J, Pattison A, Caneborg A, Au Yeung G, McArthur G, Hicks R, Tothill R, Sandhu S. Clinical and FDG-PET markers of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response in patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (mMCC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tan L, Sandhu S, Lee RJ, Li J, Callahan J, Ftouni S, Dhomen N, Middlehurst P, Wallace A, Raleigh J, Hatzimihalis A, Henderson MA, Shackleton M, Haydon A, Mar V, Gyorki DE, Oudit D, Dawson MA, Hicks RJ, Lorigan P, McArthur GA, Marais R, Wong SQ, Dawson SJ. Prediction and monitoring of relapse in stage III melanoma using circulating tumor DNA. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:804-814. [PMID: 30838379 PMCID: PMC6551451 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advent of effective adjuvant therapies for patients with resected melanoma has highlighted the need to stratify patients based on risk of relapse given the cost and toxicities associated with treatment. Here we assessed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to predict and monitor relapse in resected stage III melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Somatic mutations were identified in 99/133 (74%) patients through tumor tissue sequencing. Personalized droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays were used to detect known mutations in 315 prospectively collected plasma samples from mutation-positive patients. External validation was performed in a prospective independent cohort (n = 29). RESULTS ctDNA was detected in 37 of 99 (37%) individuals. In 81 patients who did not receive adjuvant therapy, 90% of patients with ctDNA detected at baseline and 100% of patients with ctDNA detected at the postoperative timepoint relapsed at a median follow up of 20 months. ctDNA detection predicted patients at high risk of relapse at baseline [relapse-free survival (RFS) hazard ratio (HR) 2.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-5.6; P = 0.002] and postoperatively (HR 10; 95% CI 4.3-24; P < 0.001). ctDNA detection at baseline [HR 2.9; 95% CI 1.3-5.7; P = 0.003 and postoperatively (HR 11; 95% CI 4.3-27; P < 0.001] was also associated with inferior distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). These findings were validated in the independent cohort. ctDNA detection remained an independent predictor of RFS and DMFS in multivariate analyses after adjustment for disease stage and BRAF mutation status. CONCLUSION Baseline and postoperative ctDNA detection in two independent prospective cohorts identified stage III melanoma patients at highest risk of relapse and has potential to inform adjuvant therapy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Sandhu
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - J Li
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Callahan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne
| | - S Ftouni
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne
| | - N Dhomen
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - P Middlehurst
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - A Wallace
- Genomic Diagnostics Laboratory, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK
| | - J Raleigh
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne
| | | | - M A Henderson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - V Mar
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne
| | - D E Gyorki
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D Oudit
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - M A Dawson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R J Hicks
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Lorigan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - G A McArthur
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Marais
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - S Q Wong
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne
| | - S-J Dawson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Tan L, Sandhu S, Lee R, Li J, Callahan J, Raleigh J, Hatzimihalis A, Middlehurst P, Henderson M, Shackleton M, Haydon A, Gyorki D, Oudit D, Hicks R, Lorigan P, McArthur G, Marais R, Wong S, Dawson SJ. Circulating tumour DNA analysis predicts relapse following resection in stage II and III melanoma. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy269.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Thomas R, Turgeon G, Hofman M, Callahan J, Anderson N, Hardcastle N, Kron T, Bressel M, Steinfort D, Shaw M, Plumridge N, Macmanus M, Hicks R, Ball D, Siva S. P2.14-001 Mid-Treatment Perfusion PET/CT Is More Effective Than Ventilation PET/CT in Functionally-Adapted Radiotherapy for NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xu W, Frederickson J, Callahan J, Ribas A, Gonzalez R, Pavlick A, Hamid O, Gajewski T, Puzanov I, Daud A, Colburn D, Choong N, Wongchenko M, Hicks R, McArthur G. Prognostic impact of early complete metabolic response on FDG-PET, in BRAF V600 mutant metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination vemurafenib & cobimetinib. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx377.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Goudreau DN, Smith M, McConnell EM, Ruscito A, Velu R, Callahan J, DeRosa MC. Chapter 8. Aptamer-based Sensing Techniques for Food Safety and Quality. Food Chemistry, Function and Analysis 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788010528-00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Tunik MG, Powell EC, Mahajan P, Schunk JE, Jacobs E, Miskin M, Zuspan SJ, Wootton-Gorges S, Atabaki SM, Hoyle JD, Holmes JF, Dayan PS, Kuppermann N, Gerardi M, Tunik M, Tsung J, Melville K, Lee L, Mahajan P, Dayan P, Nadel F, Powell E, Atabaki S, Brown K, Glass T, Hoyle J, Cooper A, Jacobs E, Monroe D, Borgialli D, Gorelick M, Bandyopadhyay S, Bachman M, Schamban N, Callahan J, Kuppermann N, Holmes J, Lichenstein R, Stanley R, Badawy M, Babcock-Cimpello L, Schunk J, Quayle K, Jaffe D, Lillis K, Kuppermann N, Alpern E, Chamberlain J, Dean J, Gerardi M, Goepp J, Gorelick M, Hoyle J, Jaffe D, Johns C, Levick N, Mahajan P, Maio R, Melville K, Miller S, Monroe D, Ruddy R, Stanley R, Treloar D, Tunik M, Walker A, Kavanaugh D, Park H, Dean M, Holubkov R, Knight S, Donaldson A, Chamberlain J, Brown M, Corneli H, Goepp J, Holubkov R, Mahajan P, Melville K, Stremski E, Tunik M, Gorelick M, Alpern E, Dean J, Foltin G, Joseph J, Miller S, Moler F, Stanley R, Teach S, Jaffe D, Brown K, Cooper A, Dean J, Johns C, Maio R, Mann N, Monroe D, Shaw K, Teitelbaum D, Treloar D, Stanley R, Alexander D, Brown J, Gerardi M, Gregor M, Holubkov R, Lillis K, Nordberg B, Ruddy R, Shults M, Walker A, Levick N, Brennan J, Brown J, Dean J, Hoyle J, Maio R, Ruddy R, Schalick W, Singh T, Wright J. Clinical Presentations and Outcomes of Children With Basilar Skull Fractures After Blunt Head Trauma. Ann Emerg Med 2016; 68:431-440.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Vigdorovich V, Oliver BG, Carbonetti S, Dambrauskas N, Lange MD, Yacoob C, Leahy W, Callahan J, Stamatatos L, Sather DN. Repertoire comparison of the B-cell receptor-encoding loci in humans and rhesus macaques by next-generation sequencing. Clin Transl Immunology 2016; 5:e93. [PMID: 27525066 PMCID: PMC4973324 DOI: 10.1038/cti.2016.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhesus macaques (RMs) are a widely used model system for the study of vaccines, infectious diseases and microbial pathogenesis. Their value as a model lies in their close evolutionary relationship to humans, which, in theory, allows them to serve as a close approximation of the human immune system. However, despite their prominence as a human surrogate model system, many aspects of the RM immune system remain ill characterized. In particular, B cell-mediated immunity in macaques has not been sufficiently characterized, and the B-cell receptor-encoding loci have not been thoroughly annotated. To address these gaps, we analyzed the circulating heavy- and light-chain repertoires in humans and RMs by next-generation sequencing. By comparing V gene segment usage, J-segment usage and CDR3 lengths between the two species, we identified several important similarities and differences. These differences were especially notable in the IgM(+) B-cell repertoire. However, the class-switched, antigen-educated B-cell populations converged on a set of similar characteristics, implying similarities in how each species responds to antigen. Our study provides the first comprehensive overview of the circulating repertoires of the heavy- and light-chain sequences in RMs, and provides insight into how they may perform as a model system for B cell-mediated immunity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Vigdorovich
- Center for Infectious Disease Research (formerly Seattle BioMed) , Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian G Oliver
- Center for Infectious Disease Research (formerly Seattle BioMed) , Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sara Carbonetti
- Center for Infectious Disease Research (formerly Seattle BioMed) , Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas Dambrauskas
- Center for Infectious Disease Research (formerly Seattle BioMed) , Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Miles D Lange
- Center for Infectious Disease Research (formerly Seattle BioMed) , Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christina Yacoob
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Viral and Infectious Disease Division , Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Leonidas Stamatatos
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Viral and Infectious Disease Division , Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D Noah Sather
- Center for Infectious Disease Research (formerly Seattle BioMed) , Seattle, WA, USA
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Campbell B, Callahan J, Bressel M, Simeons N, Everitt S, Hofman M, Hicks R, Burbury K, MacManus M. Age and Gender Differences in the Distribution of Proliferating Bone Marrow in Adults Measured by FLT-PET/CT Imaging With Potential Application for Radiation Therapy Planning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ellison AM, Quayle KS, Bonsu B, Garcia M, Blumberg S, Rogers A, Wootton-Gorges SL, Kerrey BT, Cook LJ, Cooper A, Kuppermann N, Holmes JF, Kuppermann N, Alpern E, Borgialli D, Callahan J, Chamberlain J, Dayan P, Dean J, Gerardi M, Gorelick M, Hoyle J, Jacobs E, Jaffe D, Lichenstein R, Lillis K, Mahajan P, Maio R, Monroe D, Ruddy R, Stanley R, Tunik M, Walker A, Kavanaugh D, Park H. Use of Oral Contrast for Abdominal Computed Tomography in Children With Blunt Torso Trauma. Ann Emerg Med 2015; 66:107-114.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kipritidis J, Hofman M, Siva S, Callahan J, Le Roux P, Woodruff H, Counter W, Hardcastle N, Keall P. TU-G-BRA-02: Can We Extract Lung Function Directly From 4D-CT Without Deformable Image Registration? Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Kipritidis J, Siva S, Hofman M, Callahan J, Hardcastle N, Keall P. PO-0955: Comparing lung function changes between serial CT-ventilation and Galligas Ventilation PET/CT. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40947-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hardcastle N, Hofman M, Hicks R, Callahan J, Kron T, MacManus M, Ball D, Jackson P, Siva S. EP-1530: Limitations of deformable image registration in 4D PET V/Q imaging for functional assessment in lung radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)41522-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Siva S, Devereux T, Hardcastle N, Callahan J, Pham D, Eu P, Steinfort D, Bressel M, MacManus M, Kron T, Hicks R, Ball D, Hofman M. Feasibility of IMRT Planning to Reduce Dose to Functional Lung Using Respiratory Gated (4D) Gallium-68 Perfusion PET/CT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kipritidis J, Siva S, Callahan J, Hofman M, Keall P. TU-A-WAB-08: Strong Evidence for Physiologic Correlation of 4D-CT Ventilation Imaging with Respiratory-Correlated Gallium 68 PET/CT in Humans. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Abstract
PURPOSE The use of time-resolved four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) in radiotherapy requires strict quality assurance to ensure the accuracy of motion management protocols. The aim of this work was to design and test a phantom capable of large amplitude motion for use in 4D-CT, with particular interest in small lesions typical for stereotactic body radiotherapy. METHODS The phantom of "see-saw" design is light weight, capable of including various sample materials and compatible with several surrogate marker signal acquisition systems. It is constructed of polymethylmethacrylate (Perspex) and its movement is controlled via a dc motor and drive wheel. It was tested using two CT scanners with different 4D acquisition methods: the Philips Brilliance Big Bore CT (helical scan, pressure belt) and a General Electric Discovery STE PET∕CT (axial scan, infrared marker). Amplitudes ranging from 1.5 to 6.0 cm and frequencies of up to 40 cycles per minute were used to study the effect of motion on image quality. Maximum intensity projections (MIPs), as well as average intensity projections (AIPs) of moving objects were investigated and their quality dependence on the number of phase reconstruction bins assessed. RESULTS CT number discrepancies between moving and stationary objects were found to have no systematic dependence on amplitude, frequency, or specific interphase variability. MIP-delineated amplitudes of motion were found to match physical phantom amplitudes to within 2 mm for all motion scenarios tested. Objects undergoing large amplitude motions (>3.0 cm) were shown to cause artefacts in MIP and AIP projections when ten phase bins were assigned. This problem can be mitigated by increasing the number of phase bins in a 4D-CT scan. CONCLUSIONS The phantom was found to be a suitable tool for evaluating the image quality of 4D-CT motion management technology, as well as providing a quality assurance tool for intercenter∕intervendor testing of commercial 4D-CT systems. When imaging objects with large amplitudes, the completeness criterion described here indicates the number of phase bins required to prevent missing data in MIPs and AIPs. This is most relevant for small lesions undergoing large motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dunn
- School of Applied Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
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Siva S, Byrne K, Seel M, Bressel M, Jacobs D, Callahan J, Laing J, MacManus M, Hicks R. FDG-PET Scanning has a High Impact on the Management of Patients With Merkel Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Callahan J, Binns D, Dunn L, Kron T. Motion effects on SUV and lesion volume in 3D and 4D PET scanning. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 2011; 34:489-95. [PMID: 22081269 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-011-0109-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To assess the effect of lesion motion and respiration rate on Standardised Uptake Value (SUV) and the ability of 4D PET to restore any loss in SUV and distortion of lesion volume on two PET/CT systems. A Perspex phantom with four cylindrical reservoirs filled with (18)F-FDG was used in this study. The cylinders measured 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm in diameter. A GE Discovery STE8 (GE Medical Systems Milwaukee, WI) and a Siemens Biograph 64/40 (Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) scanner was used to acquire a stationary un-gated PET scan of the phantom. Multiple 10 min list mode 4D PET scans were acquired using the Varian RPM on the GE camera and the Anzai Gating system on the Siemens camera. The phantom was scanned at five different respiratory rates and motion amplitudes in a sinusoidal fashion, 15 RPM/1 cm, 15 RPM/2 cm, 15 RPM/4 cm, 30 RPM/2 cm and 7.5 RPM/2 cm (RPM-respirations per minute). Each scan was reconstructed into ten bins and as an un-gated static image. The SUVmax, SUVmean and volume were measured for all four reservoirs using Siemens TrueD analysis software. With increasing lesion movement the SUVmax and SUVmean decreased and the volume increased with the SUVmax in the smallest lesion underestimated by up to a factor of four. The SUVmax, SUVmean and volume were mostly recovered using 4D imaging regardless of amount of lesion displacement. The larger lesions showed better count recovery and volume correction than the smaller lesions. The respiratory rate had no effect of SUV or volume. Un-gated imaging of moving lesions decreases apparent SUV in small lesions significantly and overestimates volumes. 4D PET scanning recovers most of the apparent loss in SUV and distortion of volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Callahan
- Centre for Molecular Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia.
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Kee D, Liu W, Devitt BA, Wolfe R, Ware R, Salemi R, Dobrovic A, Brglevska S, Kelly J, Callahan J, Katsifis A, Roselt P, Neels OC, Bourdier T, Hicks RJ, McArthur GA. Melanoma pigmentation affects melanoma-specific survival and provides a potential target for radiopharmaceutical-based imaging and therapy. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.8563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Piqué A, McGill RCRA, Chrisey DB, Callahan J, Mlsna TE. Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (Maple) of Polymeric Materials: Methodology and Mechanistic Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-526-375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA new matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique has been developed at the Naval Research Laboratory, to deposit superior quality ultra thin, and uniform films for a range of highly functionalized polymeric materials. The MAPLE technique is carried out in a vacuum chamber, and involves directing a pulsed laser beam onto a frozen target, consisting of a polymer dissolved in a solvent matrix. The laser beam evaporates the surface layers of the target, where both solvent and polymer molecules are lifted into the evacuated gas phase. A solvent and polymer plume are generated incident to the substrate being coated. Si(111), and NaCl substrates coated with thin layers of polymer have been examined by a range of techniques including: optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Under optimum conditions the native polymer was transferred to the substrate without chemical modification as a highly uniform film.The MAPLE technique offers a number of advantages over conventional polymer deposition techniques, including the ability to precisely and accurately coat a relatively large or small targeted area with an ultrathin, and uniform coating with sub monolayer thickness control. Conventional pulsed laser ablation techniques can be utilized for coating a limited number of polymers, but we have found that for highly functionalized materials the native polymer structure is almost completely lost in the process. In contrast, when the MAPLE conditions are optimized the deposition of even highly functionalized polymeric materials proceeds with little effect on the intrinsic polymer structure.
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Bowker B, Liu M, Callahan J, Solomon M. Effect of Hydrodynamic Pressure Processing on the Processing and Quality Characteristics of Moisture-Enhanced Pork Loins. J Food Sci 2010; 75:S237-44. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01581.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Everitt S, Callahan J, Kron T, Hicks R, Ball D, Schneider-Kolsky M, Mac Manus M. 41 poster: Biologically Guided Radiation Therapy: Quality Assurance and Resource Implications in Longitudinal PET/CT Studies. Radiother Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)34460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hayman J, Callahan J, Herschtal A, Hicks R, Everitt S, Binns D, Mac Manus M. Using Molecular Imaging to Quantitatively Estimate the Distribution of Proliferating Bone Marrow in Adult Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Haynes J, Simpson J, Krueger J, Callahan J. Optimization of Experimental Designs for two cases in Elevated Temperature Stability Studies. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/03639048409039065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Kanter R, Andrake J, Boeing N, Callahan J, Cooper A, Lopez-Dwyer C, Marcin J, Odetola F, Ryan A, Terndrup T, Tobin J. Professional Consensus on Altered Standards of Hospital Care in Disaster Surges. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gorelick M, Atabaki S, Hoyle J, Dayan P, Holmes J, Holubkov R, Monroe D, Callahan J, Kuppermann N. Interobserver Agreement in Assessment of Clinical Variables in Children with Blunt Head Trauma. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Barinka C, Parry G, Callahan J, Shaw D, Kuo A, Bdeir K, Cines D, Mazar A, Lubkowski J. ID: 343 Interactions between Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator and Its Receptor Defined by the X-ray Crystallography. J Thromb Haemost 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.00343.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a metabolic disorder due to a block in the decarboxylation step in the catabolic pathways of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). We describe an atypical presentation in an infant male. The patient presented with psychomotor retardation, profound hypotonia and elevated plasma levels of BCAAs, but no elevation of alloisoleucine. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed prominent diffuse CSF spaces, delayed myelin maturation and symmetrical signal abnormality within the globi pallidi, midbrain, dorsal pons and medulla. The cerebellar white matter was specifically spared. A mitochondrial disorder was suggested. After correction of feeding problems with G-tube feeds, his high BCAAs persisted and, on fourth analysis, alloisoleucine was seen. Subsequent fibroblast enzyme and mutation analysis confirmed MSUD due to E(1)-alpha subunit deficiency. After starting dietary treatment, there was no significant improvement in his hypotonia or his psychomotor development. However, the high signal within the globi pallidi had resolved. MSUD may have diverse clinical presentations, and should be considered in children who present with chronic psychomotor delay but no acute encephalopathic episodes. BCAA levels may not be very high, alloisoleucine may not always be detected in MSUD even with severe enzyme deficiency, and imaging may be misleading if seen in the chronic phase only.
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Callahan J. Contraception or incarceration: what's wrong with this picture? Stanford Law Pol Rev 2005; 7:67-82. [PMID: 16086509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Callahan
- Society for Philosophy and Public Affairs, USA
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
GNOME (General NOAA Oil Modeling Environment) is a publicly available oil spill trajectory model used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Hazardous Materials Response Division (HAZMAT) for oil spill response. In order to leverage work being done within and outside NOAA to develop detailed circulation models, GNOME has been extended to accept currents in a number of formats (ASCII, netCDF) from different types of models (time dependent triangular, rectangular, or curvilinear grids). In particular, HAZMAT is interested in connections with nowcast/forecast models. The NOAA Live Access Server (LAS), using the Unidata Distributed Oceanographic Data System (DODS), has been extended to support several nowcast/forecast models in the U.S. DODS provides the tools to make local data accessible to the outside through the Internet, regardless of internal format. LAS is a highly configurable server that allows on-the-fly graphics for data visualization, custom subsetting, and different output formats (from files to graphics). Providers of nowcast/forecast data need only set up a DODS server at their site for their data to be available to LAS. Once LAS is made aware of the new data, HAZMAT responders have 24-hour access to model generated fields. With the GNOME/LAS/DODS combination, other circulation models can be used to quickly create new spill trajectory forecasts.
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Abstract
Lysyl endopeptidase (LE) from Achromobacter lyticus M497-1 (EC 3.4.21.50) was utilized to prepare F(ab')2 fragments from mouse anti-P-glycoprotein IgG2a obtained from the UIC2 hybridoma. This report describes a novel single step purification procedure for F(ab')2 fragments that eliminates residual LE activity responsible for secondary cleavage of F(ab')2 to Fab fragments. The purification of F(ab')2 and Fc fragments was accomplished utilizing protein G affinity chromatography and either gradient or step changes in the pH/ionic strength for elution of the Fc and F(ab')2 fragments. Residual LE was eluted from the protein G column with buffer containing 200 mM L-lysine prior to elution of F(ab')2 and Fc fragments. The activity of LE was monitored using the fluorogenic substrate Boc-Val-Leu-Lys-7-amido 4-methyl coumarin. A similar purification procedure for F(ab')2 fragments produced following pepsin digestion of IgG2a is also outlined. The ability of Fab' fragments, from reduced F(ab')2 fragments following LE digestion of IgG2a, to conjugate to thiol reactive groups was demonstrated using N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-meso chlorin e6 mono (N-2-aminoethylamide) (Mce6) conjugates containing reactive maleimide groups. The biological activity of the Fab' targeted HPMA copolymer-Mce6 conjugates was tested against the P-glycoprotein expressing human ovarian carcinoma A2780/AD cell line utilizing a cell survival assay. Fab' targeted HPMA copolymer-Mce6 conjugate demonstrated significantly higher cytotoxicity than either a monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeted HPMA copolymer-Mce6 conjugate or a non-targeted HPMA copolymer-Mce6 conjugate, p < 0.05.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Fowers
- Department of Bioengineering, 30 S. 2000 E. Room 301, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Callahan J. Will ORYX take you to the top? Behav Healthc Tomorrow 2000; 9:16-9, 50. [PMID: 11067287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Randell E, Connolly-Wilson M, Duff A, Skomorowski MA, Callahan J. Evaluation of the accuracy of enzymatically determined carrier status for Krabbe disease by DNA-based testing. Clin Biochem 2000; 33:217-20. [PMID: 10913522 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(00)00054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Randell
- Division of Laboratory Medicine and Memorial University of NF, The General Hospital, Health Sciences Centre Site, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.
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Caruso JL, Callahan J, DeChant C, Jayasimhulu K, Winget GD. Carnosic acid in green callus and regenerated shoots of Rosmarinus officinalis. Plant Cell Rep 2000; 19:500-503. [PMID: 30754890 DOI: 10.1007/s002990050763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rooted regenerated shoots obtained from leaf and nodal segments of Rosmarinus officinalis were grown on a basal nutrient medium for 9 weeks. The regenerants were shown by means of HPLC and mass spectrometry to contain carnosic acid, a diterpenoid with antioxidant and medicinal properties. Five-week-old nodular green callus also contained carnosic acid, whereas non-green, undifferentiated callus maintained in the dark did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Caruso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210006, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0006, USA e-mail: Fax: +513-556-5299, , , , , , US
| | - J Callahan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210006, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0006, USA e-mail: Fax: +513-556-5299, , , , , , US
| | - C DeChant
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210006, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0006, USA e-mail: Fax: +513-556-5299, , , , , , US
| | - K Jayasimhulu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA, , , , , , US
| | - G D Winget
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210006, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0006, USA e-mail: Fax: +513-556-5299, , , , , , US
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Cotter M, Callahan J, Aster J, Robertson E. Intracellular forms of human NOTCH1 functionally activate essential Epstein-Barr virus major latent promoters in the Burkitt's lymphoma BJAB cell line but repress these promoters in Jurkat cells. J Virol 2000; 74:1486-94. [PMID: 10627560 PMCID: PMC111484 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.74.3.1486-1494.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated that intracellular forms of NOTCH1 transactivate two major Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent promoters, the LMP1 and Cp1 promoters in an EBV-negative B-cell line, BJAB. Truncated intracellular NOTCH1 associated with the nuclear membrane (DeltaE) transactivates the LMP1 promoter fivefold; however, the intranucleus localized form of NOTCH1 (ICN) transactivates this promoter approximately twofold in chloroamphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter assays in BJAB cells. Additionally, DeltaE activated the major Cp1 promoter 12-fold, whereas the ICN form of NOTCH1 activates at only about half that level when compared to that of DeltaE membrane-bound NOTCH1. This result differs from previously observed data, where intracellular NOTCH1 bound to the nuclear membrane, DeltaE, and nucleus-localized NOTCH1, ICN, all had similar levels of activation in 293 cells. This suggests distinct transcriptional activities in different cell types. Moreover, in Jurkat cells, a T-cell line, intranucleus localized NOTCH1 molecules demonstrated a repressive activity against the two EBV major latent promoters. Only DeltaE activated the Cp1 and LMP1 promoters at a level slightly above background, whereas intranucleus localized NOTCH1 ICN, or the form of NOTCH1 lacking the ankyrin repeats, DeltaE(TAR), surprisingly resulted in the repression of these promoters in Jurkat cells. Similarly, another truncated form of NOTCH1, referred to as ICNW, which contains the tryptophan residue W(1767) within one of the RBP-Jkappa interacting domains, repressed the LMP1 promoter approximately twofold. Further analysis of the truncated NOTCH1 molecules on the LMP1 promoter element, lacking the two RBP-Jkappa binding sites, suggests that repression in Jurkat cells may be affected by the presence of the two RBP-Jkappa binding sites. These studies indicate that intracellular NOTCH1 can activate the EBV major latent promoters in BJAB cells. However, in Jurkat cells, intracellular truncated forms of NOTCH1 lacking the RBP-Jkappa binding sites repress these EBV latent promoters. Only the membrane-bound form of NOTCH1, DeltaE, activated the EBV major latent promoters in Jurkat cells, albeit at a lower level than that seen in BJAB cells. Our data suggest that EBNA2 and truncated intracellular nuclear localized forms of NOTCH1 may be functionally similar in their interactions with RBP-Jkappa; however, these molecules may have distinctly different transcriptional partners in BJAB and Jurkat cells. Moreover, these truncated NOTCH1 molecules may not represent the normal processed forms of NOTCH1 in cells and may exhibit dominant negative phenotypes in the absence of the required posttranslational modifications. Further investigations are necessary to determine the similarity and differences occurring with intracellular NOTCH1 in other B- and T-cell lines.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- B-Lymphocytes/virology
- Blotting, Western
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Viral
- Cytoskeletal Proteins
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/physiology
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Jurkat Cells
- LIM Domain Proteins
- Lymphoma, B-Cell
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Receptor, Notch1
- Receptors, Cell Surface
- T-Lymphocytes/virology
- Transcription Factors
- Transcriptional Activation
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
- Virus Latency
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cotter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0620, USA
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Callahan J, Aster J, Sklar J, Kieff E, Robertson ES. Intracellular forms of human NOTCH1 interact at distinctly different levels with RBP-jkappa in human B and T cells. Leukemia 2000; 14:84-92. [PMID: 10637481 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The cellular transcriptional repressor RBP-Jkappa associates with the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigens (EBNAs) determined to be essential for transformation of human primary B lymphocytes. It was demonstrated through genetic analysis that interaction between the viral transactivator EBNA2 and RBP-Jkappa is essential for EBV immortalization of primary B lymphocytes. We have shown that the association of RBP-Jkappa with intracellular NOTCH1 differs significantly in B and T cells. Immunoprecipitation analyses with antibodies to both the intracellular forms of NOTCH1 and to RBP-Jkappa demonstrated that little or no RBP-Jkappa is associated with NOTCH1 in B cell lines compared to the RBP-Jkappa associated with NOTCH1 in T cell lines and was further demonstrated in human primary lymphocytes. Additionally, EBNA2 can compete with intracellular NOTCH1 for binding to GST-RBP-Jkappa in vitro. Northern blot for the cellular gene hairy enhancer of split (HES1) demonstrated that HES1 is upregulated in the EBV transformed lymphoblastoid cells expressing high levels of EBNA2 and in a T cell line SupT1 overexpressing intracellular activated NOTCH1. Hence, EBNA2 may be able to compete for the available pool of RBP-Jkappa more effectively in human B cells than in T cells and provides a possible explanation for the ability of EBV to potently and efficiently infect and immortalize human B cells. Leukemia (2000) 14, 84-92.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Callahan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0620, USA
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Abstract
A sample of 210 survivors of suicide, all participants in suicide support groups, was studied. Associations between demographic factors, circumstances surrounding the suicide, and overall levels of grief (using the Grief Experience Questionnaire) were calculated. Results showed that seeing the body at the scene of the death was the most significant predictor of high levels of distress, and support from family and friends was the strongest protective factor. Time since the death (for women) and attendance at Alcoholics Anonymous meetings (for those participating in nonsuicide support groups) were also significantly related to level of grief. For men, a moderate level of participation in other support groups, as compared with none, was associated with higher levels of grief. All other variables were not significant. Results suggest that a model that combines posttraumatic reactions and grief is most appropriate for the aftermath of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Callahan
- Loyola University of Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Callahan J, Pai S, Cotter M, Robertson ES. Distinct patterns of viral antigen expression in Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus coinfected body-cavity-based lymphoma cell lines: potential switches in latent gene expression due to coinfection. Virology 1999; 262:18-30. [PMID: 10489337 DOI: 10.1006/viro.1999.9876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also referred to as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), are human gammaherpesviruses associated with numerous lymphomas and proliferative diseases in humans. We were interested in the protein expression patterns of specific latent and lytic proteins from the EBV genome in two body-cavity-based lymphoma cell lines, BC-1 and BC-2, which are coinfected with EBV and KSHV. BC-1 and BC-2 were analyzed using specific antibodies to latent proteins known to be essential for EBV immortalization of human primary B-lymphocytes in vitro and lytic antigens important for EBV replication and production of viral progeny. The coinfected cell lines are compared with two singly infected KSHV cell lines to determine whether antibodies against EBV-specific proteins cross-reacted against KSHV antigens. All the KSHV-infected cell lines express the KSHV-specific latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) with a specific pattern in the nucleus. This staining was distinct from that seen for EBNA1 in the EBV coinfected lines BC-1 and BC-2 staining the nucleus as a diffused pattern throughout the nucleus with denser staining in some regions. The coinfected cell lines all express EBNA1 and LMP1 at lower levels compared with singly infected EBV lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). However, the essential latent antigens EBNA2, EBNA3A, and EBNA3C are not expressed in BC-1 and BC-2. This indicates potential regulation of EBV latent gene expression by KSHV-encoded viral or KSHV-induced cellular gene products. Additionally, lytic gene expression analysis demonstrated that BZLF1 and BMRF1 are expressed along with other early antigens (EA-D). A specific protein is detected in a singly infected KSHV cell line with cross-reactivity to antibodies that detected the EA-D complex. Moreover, in all the cell lines infected with EBV, KSHV, or EBV and KSHV, human serum with antibodies against KSHV antigens recognizes specific viral antigens approximately 110 and 41-42 kDa, suggesting that human antibodies against KSHV-specific antigens can cross-react with similar EBV antigens. Therefore these data suggest that the EBV pattern of gene expression in the coinfected cell lines is a type II pattern of latency also seen in other human tumors including nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma. This distinct pattern of latent and lytic gene expression in these cell lines may provide clues as to the selection for coinfection in these body cavity based lymphomas in immunocompromised hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Callahan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0620, USA
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Ferrer JF, Jonsson CB, Esteban E, Galligan D, Basombrio MA, Peralta-Ramos M, Bharadwaj M, Torrez-Martinez N, Callahan J, Segovia A, Hjelle B. High prevalence of hantavirus infection in Indian communities of the Paraguayan and Argentinean Gran Chaco. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 59:438-44. [PMID: 9749641 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Serologic evidence of past infection with a Sin Nombre-like hantavirus(es) was demonstrated in 78 (40.4%) of 193 Indians living in western Paraguay and in 38 (17.1%) of 222 Indians inhabiting the Salta province of northern Argentina. In both populations seroprevalence increased with age, with the most striking increase occurring at 18 years of age in the Paraguayan population and at 35 years of age in the Salta population. The peak prevalences in both populations (66.6% and 44.0%, respectively) were seen in Indians > 53 years old. Although no sex difference was observed in the Paraguayan Indians, in the Salta population seroprevalence was greater in males than in females. Familiar clustering of the infection was observed. The data indicate that the Indian populations of the Gran Chaco are frequently exposed to and survive infection with a Sin Nombre-like virus(es). Possible explanations of this novel epidemiology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Ferrer
- New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- B C West
- Department of Medicine, Meridia Huron Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Watts DM, Callahan J, Rossi C, Oberste MS, Roehrig JT, Wooster MT, Smith JF, Cropp CB, Gentrau EM, Karabatsos N, Gübler D, Hayes CG. Venezuelan equine encephalitis febrile cases among humans in the Peruvian Amazon River region. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 58:35-40. [PMID: 9452289 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.58.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A survey was conducted from October 1, 1993 to June 30, 1995 to determine the arboviral etiologies of febrile illnesses in the city of Iquitos in the Amazon River Basin of Peru. The study subjects were patients who were enrolled at medical care clinics or in their homes by Peruvian Ministry of Health (MOH) workers as part of the passive and active disease surveillance program of the MOH. The clinical criterion for enrollment was the diagnosis of a suspected viral-associated, acute, undifferentiated febrile illness of < or = 5 days duration. A total of 598 patients were enrolled in the study. Demographic information, medical history, clinical data, and blood samples were obtained from each patient. The more common clinical features were fever, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, retro-ocular pain, and chills. Sera were tested for virus by the newborn mouse and cell culture assays. Viral isolates were identified initially by immunofluorescence using polyclonal antibody. An ELISA using viral-specific monoclonal antibodies and nucleotide sequence analysis were used to determine the specific variety of the viruses. In addition, thin and thick blood smears were observed for malaria parasites. Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus subtype I, variety ID virus was isolated from 10 cases, including three cases in October, November, and December 1993, five cases in January and February 1994, and two cases in June 1995. The ELISA for IgM and IgG antibody indicated that VEE virus was the cause of an additional four confirmed and four presumptive cases, including five from January through March 1994 and three in August 1994. Sixteen cases were positive for malaria. The 18 cases of VEE occurred among military recruits (n = 7), agriculture workers (n = 3), students (n = 3), and general laborers (n = 5). These data indicated that an enzootic strain of VEE virus was the cause of at least 3% (18 of 598) of the cases of febrile illnesses studied in the city of Iquitos in the Amazon Basin region of Peru.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Ambulatory Care Facilities
- Antibodies, Viral/analysis
- Cells, Cultured
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/classification
- Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/genetics
- Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine/blood
- Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine/diagnosis
- Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine/epidemiology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Epitope Mapping
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
- Humans
- Infant
- Malaria/diagnosis
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Epidemiology
- Peru/epidemiology
- Phylogeny
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Population Surveillance
- RNA, Viral/analysis
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- Seroepidemiologic Studies
- Serotyping
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Watts
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Institute Detachment, NAMRID/Unit 3800, Lima, Peru
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Callahan J. Assisted suicide, community, and the common good. Health Soc Work 1997; 22:243-245. [PMID: 9408773 DOI: 10.1093/hsw/22.4.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Becker S, Callahan J. Physician managed care compensation: methodologies and contract terms. Benders Health Care Law Mon 1997:3-8. [PMID: 10173887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Pristave R, Yalowitz J, Callahan J. Internal Revenue Service releases. Revenue Ruling 97-21 provides guidance on physician recruitment incentives. Benders Health Care Law Mon 1997:3-5. [PMID: 10173886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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