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Lippert J, Smith G, Appenzeller S, Landwehr LS, Prete A, Steinhauer S, Asia M, Urlaub H, Elhassan YS, Kircher S, Arlt W, Fassnacht M, Altieri B, Ronchi CL. Circulating cell-free DNA-based biomarkers for prognostication and disease monitoring in adrenocortical carcinoma. Eur J Endocrinol 2024; 190:234-247. [PMID: 38451242 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare aggressive cancer with heterogeneous behaviour. Disease surveillance relies on frequent imaging, which comes with significant radiation exposure. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA)-related biomarkers (BMs) for prognostication and monitoring of ACC. DESIGN AND METHODS We investigated 34 patients with ACC and 23 healthy subjects (HSs) as controls. Circulating cell-free DNA was extracted by commercial kits and ccfDNA concentrations were quantified by fluorimeter (BM1). Targeted sequencing was performed using a customized panel of 27 ACC-specific genes. Leucocyte DNA was used to discriminate somatic variants (BM2), while tumour DNA was sequenced in 22/34 cases for comparison. Serial ccfDNA samples were collected during follow-up in 19 ACC patients (median period 9 months) and analysed in relationship with standard radiological imaging. RESULTS Circulating cell-free DNA concentrations were higher in ACC than HS (mean ± SD, 1.15 ± 1.56 vs 0.05 ± 0.05 ng/µL, P < .0001), 96% of them being above the cut-off of 0.146 ng/µL (mean HS + 2 SD, positive BM1). At ccfDNA sequencing, 47% of ACC showed at least 1 somatic mutation (positive BM2). A combined ccfDNA-BM score was strongly associated with both progression-free and overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.63; 95% CI, 1.13-6.13; P = .010, and HR = 5.98; 95% CI, 2.29-15.6; P = .0001, respectively). During disease monitoring, positive BM2 showed the best specificity (100%) and sensitivity (67%) to detect ACC recurrence or progress compared with BM1. CONCLUSION ccfDNA-related BMs are frequently detected in ACC patients and represent a promising, minimally invasive tool to predict clinical outcome and complement surveillance imaging. Our findings will be validated in a larger cohort of ACCs with long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lippert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Gabrielle Smith
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, B152TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Silke Appenzeller
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Wuerzburg, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Laura-Sophie Landwehr
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Alessandro Prete
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, B152TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, B152TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, B152GW Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja Steinhauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Asia
- Endocrine Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, B152GW Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hanna Urlaub
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Yasir S Elhassan
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, B152TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Endocrine Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, B152GW Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Department of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, B152TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, W120TN London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, B152TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, B152TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Warmington E, Smith G, Chortis V, Liang R, Lippert J, Steinhauer S, Landwehr LS, Hantel C, Kiseljak-Vassiliades K, Wierman ME, Altieri B, Foster PA, Ronchi CL. PLK1 inhibitors as a new targeted treatment for adrenocortical carcinoma. Endocr Connect 2024; 13:e230403. [PMID: 37992487 PMCID: PMC10762563 DOI: 10.1530/ec-23-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a promising drug target; PLK1 inhibitors (PLK1i) have been investigated in solid cancers and are more effective in TP53-mutated cases. We evaluated PLK1 expression in ACC samples and the efficacy of two PLK1i in ACC cell lines with different genetic backgrounds. PLK1 protein expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples and correlated with clinical data. The efficacy of rigosertib (RGS), targeting RAS/PI3K, CDKs and PLKs, and poloxin (Pol), specifically targeting the PLK1 polo-box domain, was tested in TP53-mutated NCI-H295R, MUC-1, and CU-ACC2 cells and in TP53 wild-type CU-ACC1. Effects on proliferation, apoptosis, and viability were determined. PLK1 immunostaining was stronger in TP53-mutated ACC samples vs wild-type (P = 0.0017). High PLK1 expression together with TP53 mutations correlated with shorter progression-free survival (P= 0.041). NCI-H295R showed a time- and dose-dependent reduction in proliferation with both PLK1i (P< 0.05at 100 nM RGS and 30 µM Pol). In MUC-1, a less pronounced decrease was observed (P< 0.05at 1000 nM RGS and 100 µM Pol). 100 nM RGS increased apoptosis in NCI-H295R (P< 0.001), with no effect on MUC-1. CU-ACC2 apoptosis was induced only at high concentrations (P < 0.05 at 3000 nM RGS and 100 µM Pol), while proliferation decreased at 1000 nM RGS and 30 µM Pol. CU-ACC1 proliferation reduced, and apoptosis increased, only at 100 µM Pol. TP53-mutated ACC cell lines demonstrated better response to PLK1i than wild-type CU-ACC1. These data suggest PLK1i may be a promising targeted treatment of a subset of ACC patients, pre-selected according to tumour genetic signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Warmington
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gabrielle Smith
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vasileios Chortis
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Raimunde Liang
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University Munich (TMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Lippert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Steinhauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Laura-Sophie Landwehr
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
- Medizinische Klinik Und Poliklinik III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katja Kiseljak-Vassiliades
- Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Margaret E Wierman
- Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Paul A Foster
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Lippert J, Dischinger U, Appenzeller S, Prete A, Kircher S, Skordilis K, Elhassan YS, Altieri B, Fassnacht M, Ronchi CL. Performance of DNA-based biomarkers for classification of adrenocortical carcinoma: a prognostic study. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:262-270. [PMID: 37590967 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare aggressive malignancy with heterogeneous clinical outcomes. Recent studies proposed a combination of clinical/histopathological parameters (S-GRAS score) or molecular biomarkers (BMs) to improve prognostication. We performed a comparative analysis of DNA-based BMs by evaluating their added prognostic value to the S-GRAS score. DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 194 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) ACC samples were analysed, including a retrospective training cohort (n = 107) and a prospective validation cohort (n = 87). Targeted DNA sequencing and pyrosequencing were used to detect somatic single-nucleotide variations in ACC-specific genes and methylation in the promoter region of paired box 5 (PAX5). The European Network for the Study of Adrenocortical Tumors (ENSAT) tumour stage, age, symptoms at presentation, resection status, and Ki-67 were combined to calculate S-GRAS. Endpoints were overall (OS), progression-free (PFS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Prognostic role was evaluated by multivariable survival analysis and their performance compared by Harrell's concordance index (C index). RESULTS In training cohort, an independent prognostic role was confirmed at multivariate analysis for two DNA-based BMs: alterations in Wnt/β-catenin and Rb/p53 pathways and hypermethylated PAX5 (both P< .05 for PFS and DFS, hazard ratio [HR] 1.47-2.33). These were combined to S-GRAS to obtain a combined (COMBI) score. At comparative analysis, the best discriminative prognostic model was COMBI score in both cohorts for all endpoints, followed by S-GRAS score (C index for OS 0.724 and 0.765, PFS 0.717 and 0.670, and DFS 0.699 and 0.644, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Targeted DNA-based BM evaluated on routinely available FFPE samples improves prognostication of ACC beyond routinely available clinical and histopathological parameters. This approach may help to better individualise patient's management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lippert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dischinger
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silke Appenzeller
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alessandro Prete
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B152TT, United Kingdom
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B152TT, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Department of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kassiani Skordilis
- Department of Histopathology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B152GW, United Kingdom
| | - Yasir S Elhassan
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B152TT, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre Mainfranken (CCCM), University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
- Central Labor, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B152TT, United Kingdom
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Ko YL, Kumar V, Lippert J, Diaz-Cano S, Skordilis K, Kimpel O, Kircher S, Asia M, Elhassan YS, Altieri B, Ronchi CL. Coincidence of primary adrenocortical carcinoma and melanoma: three CASE reports. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:4. [PMID: 36604647 PMCID: PMC9817389 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01253-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with a heterogeneous prognosis, while adrenal metastasis from other primary cancers, including melanoma, may occur more frequently. ACC may rarely occur as part of familial cancer syndromes, but even in sporadic cases, a significant proportion of patients had other malignancies before or after diagnosis of ACC. Herein we present three cases where sporadic ACC was identified in patients with coexistent or previous history of melanoma. CASE DESCRIPTION Patient 1 - A 37-yr-old man with a superficial spreading BRAF-positive melanoma was found to harbour a progressively growing left adrenal mass. Initially, he was suspected of having adrenal metastasis, but the histology after adrenalectomy confirmed ACC. Patient 2 - A 68-year-old man with a history of recurrent BRAF-positive melanoma was diagnosed with disseminated metastatic melanoma recurrence, including a rapidly enlarging left adrenal mass. Consequently, he underwent left adrenalectomy, and histology again confirmed ACC. Patient 3 - A 50-yr-old man was referred with histological diagnosis of metastatic ACC. He had a background history of pT1 melanoma. We undertook targeted sequencing of ACC tissue samples in all cases. Somatic variants were observed in the known driver genes CTNNB1 (Patient 1), APC and KMT2D (Patient 2), and APC and TP53 (Patient 3). Germline TP53 variants (Li-Fraumeni syndrome) were excluded in all cases. Retrospective review of our patient cohort in the last 21 years revealed a frequency of 0.5% of histologically diagnosed melanoma metastasis among patients referred for adrenal masses. On the other hand, 1.6% of patients with histologically confirmed ACC had a previous history of melanoma. CONCLUSION Sporadic ACC can occur in the background of melanoma, even if adrenal metastasis might appear to be the most likely diagnosis. Coexistent primary adrenal malignancy should be considered and investigated for in all patients with a history of melanoma with suspicious adrenal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lynn Ko
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vaishnavi Kumar
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Juliane Lippert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Salvador Diaz-Cano
- Department of Histopathology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kassiani Skordilis
- Department of Histopathology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Otilia Kimpel
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Institute for Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Asia
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yasir S Elhassan
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK.
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK.
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Altieri B, Appenzeller S, Arlt W, Asia M, Chortis V, Elhassan YS, Fassnacht M, Kircher S, Landwehr LS, Lippert J, Prete A, Smith G, Steinhauer S, Urlaub H, Ronchi C. OR04-5 Circulating Cell-Free DNA-Based Biomarkers For Prognostication and Disease Surveillance in Adrenocortical Carcinoma. J Endocr Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac150.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare aggressive cancer with heterogeneous behaviour. Disease surveillance relies on frequent imaging, which comes with significant radiation exposure. Here, we investigated the role of circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA)-related biomarkers for prognostication and monitoring of ACC.
We investigated 79 patients with ACC (29M/50F, 52±14yrs; 35 primary tumors [ACC-P] and 44 recurrences [ACC-R]); while 27 patients with adrenocortical adenomas [ACA] (9M/18F, 56±16yrs) and 19 healthy subjects (HS; 9M/10F, 37±9yrs) served as controls.
We extracted ccfDNA from 1-4 ml EDTA-plasma using Nonacus Cell3 Xtract or Qiagen QIAamp MinElute kit and quantified by fluorimeter (ccfDNA concentrations, Biomarker 1). Targeted next-generation sequencing (Illumina NextSeq500) was performed in a first subgroup of 52 baseline ccfDNA samples (23 ACC-P, 20 ACC-R, 8 ACA) using a customised panel of 30 ACC-specific genes (Cell3 Target Nonacus). Leucocyte DNA was sequenced to discriminate germline from somatic variants (Biomarker 2). Sequencing data from matched tumor DNA were available for 28 ACC (20 ACC-P, 8 R-ACC). A combined Biomarker score was calculated for prediction of clinical outcome. ACC-P had the highest ccfDNA concentrations (mean±SD 1.08±1.50 ng/µl) compared to ACC-R (0.29±0.23 ng/µl, P<0.05), ACA (0.17±0.13 ng/µl, P<0.005) and HS (0.11±0.07 ng/µl, P<0.005). Using a cutoff of 0.204 (median HS+2SD), 68% of ACC-P were postitive for Biomarker 1 (vs. ACC-R 55%, ACA 28%, HS 5%; P<0.0001 by Chi square test). At ccfDNA sequencing, 43% of ACC-P showed at least one somatic mutation (=positive Biomarker 2), vs. 15% in ACC-R and 0% in ACA. Mutational status at ccfDNA level matched with tumor DNA in 80% of cases. In 23 ACC-P with available sequencing data, the combined Biomarker score was strongly associated with both progression-free and overall survival (P<0.0001, HR 8.56, 95%CI 2.55-58.7, and P=0.0008, HR 13.3, 95%CI 3.77-47.1, respectively).
10 ACC-P were followed up for at least 6 months: 6 patients tumor-free at last CT scan were negative for Biomarker 1 whereas 3 out of 4 patients with early disease relapse were positive. In two recurrent cases, somatic mutations in ACC driver genes, i.e. MEN1 and ZNRF3, observed at baseline in both tumour and ccfDNA, remained detectable during monitoring.
In conclusion, ccfDNA-related biomarkers are frequently detected in patients with primary ACC. They may represent a promising, non-invasive tool to predict early disease progression and complement imaging in disease surveillance. Our findings on ccfDNA-based liquid biopsy will be validated in a larger cohort of ACCs with long-term follow up.
Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 12:45 p.m.
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Lippert J, Fassnacht M, Ronchi CL. The role of molecular profiling in adrenocortical carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2022; 97:460-472. [PMID: 34750847 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, aggressive cancer with still partially unknown pathogenesis, heterogenous clinical behaviour and no effective treatment for advanced stages. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical unmet need for better prognostication strategies, innovative therapies and significant improvement of the management of the individual patients. In this review, we summarize available studies on molecular prognostic markers and markers predictive of response to standard therapies as well as newly proposed drug targets in sporadic ACC. We include in vitro studies and available clinical trials, focusing on alterations at the DNA, RNA and epigenetic levels. We also discuss the potential of biomarkers to be implemented in a clinical routine workflow for improved ACC patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lippert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Lippert J, Altieri B, Morrison B, Steinhauer S, Smith G, Lorey A, Urlaub H, Kircher S, Sitch A, Fassnacht M, Ronchi CL. Prognostic Role of Targeted Methylation Analysis in Paraffin-embedded Samples of Adrenocortical Carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:2892-2899. [PMID: 35929659 PMCID: PMC9516165 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare aggressive disease with heterogeneous prognoses. Previous studies identified hypermethylation in the promoter region of specific genes to be associated with poor clinical outcome. OBJECTIVE Comparative analysis of promising hypermethylated genes as prognostic markers and evaluation of their added value to established clinical prognostic tools. DESIGN We included 237 patients with ACCs. Tumor DNA was isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples. Targeted pyrosequencing was used to detect promoter region methylation in 5 preselected genes (PAX5, GSTP1, PYCARD, PAX6, G0S2). The prognostic role of hypermethylation pattern was compared with the Stage, Grade, Resection status, Age, Symptoms (S-GRAS) score. Primary endpoints were progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS), with disease-free (DFS) as secondary endpoint. RESULTS A total of 27.9%, 13.9%, 49%, 49%, and 25.3% of cases showed hypermethylation in PAX5, GSTP1, PYCARD, PAX6, and G0S2, respectively. Hypermethylation in all individual genes-except GSTP1-was significantly associated with both PFS and OS-with hazard ratios (HR) between 1.4 and 2.3. However, only hypermethylation of PAX5 remained significantly associated with OS (P = 0.013; HR = 1.95, 95% CI, 1.2-3.3) in multivariable analysis. A model for risk stratification was developed, combining PAX5 methylation status and S-GRAS groups, showing improved prognostic performance compared to S-GRAS alone (Harrell's C index: OS = 0.751, PFS = 0.711, DFS = 0.688). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that hypermethylation in PAX5 is associated with worst clinical outcome in ACC, even after accounting for S-GRAS score. Assessing methylation in FFPE material is straightforward in the clinical setting and could be used to improve accuracy of prognostic classification, enabling the direction of personalized management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lippert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Breanna Morrison
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, B152TT Birmingham, UK
| | - Sonja Steinhauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Gabrielle Smith
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, B152TT Birmingham, UK
| | - Antonia Lorey
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Urlaub
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Institute for Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Alice Sitch
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, B152TT Birmingham, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, B152TH Birmingham, UK
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Martin Fassnacht, MD, PhD, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Correspondence: Cristina L. Ronchi, MD, PhD, Institute of Metabolism and System Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
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Jouinot A, Lippert J, Sibony M, Violon F, Jeanpierre L, De Murat D, Armignacco R, Septier A, Perlemoine K, Letourneur F, Izac B, Ragazzon B, Leroy K, Pasmant E, North MO, Gaujoux S, Dousset B, Groussin L, Libe R, Terris B, Fassnacht M, Ronchi CL, Bertherat J, Assie G. Transcriptome in paraffin samples for the diagnosis and prognosis of adrenocortical carcinoma. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 186:607-617. [PMID: 35266879 PMCID: PMC9066577 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
DESIGN Molecular classification is important for the diagnosis and prognosis of adrenocortical tumors (ACT). Transcriptome profiles separate adrenocortical adenomas 'C2' from carcinomas, and identify two groups of carcinomas 'C1A' and 'C1B', of poor and better prognosis respectively. However, many ACT cannot be profiled because of improper or absent freezing procedures, a mandatory requirement so far. The main aim was to determine transcriptome profiles on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, using the new 3'-end RNA-sequencing technology. A secondary aim was to demonstrate the ability of this technique to explore large FFPE archives, by focusing on the rare oncocytic ACT variants. METHODS We included 131 ACT: a training cohort from Cochin hospital and an independent validation cohort from Wuerzburg hospital. The 3' transcriptome was generated from FFPE samples using QuantSeq (Lexogen, Vienna, Austria) and NextSeq500 (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). RESULTS In the training cohort, unsupervised clustering identified three groups: 'C1A' aggressive carcinomas (n = 28, 29%), 'C1B' more indolent carcinomas (n = 28, 29%), and 'C2' adenomas (n = 39, 41%). The prognostic value of FFPE transcriptome was confirmed in the validation cohort (5-year OS: 26% in 'C1A' (n = 26) and 100% in 'C1B' (n = 10), P = 0.003). FFPE transcriptome was an independent prognostic factor in a multivariable model including tumor stage and Ki-67 (OS HR: 7.5, P = 0.01). Oncocytic ACT (n = 19) did not form any specific cluster. Oncocytic carcinomas (n = 6) and oncocytic ACT of uncertain malignant potential (n = 4) were all in 'C1B'. CONCLUSIONS The 3' RNA-sequencing represents a convenient solution for determining ACT molecular class from FFPE samples. This technique should facilitate routine use and large retrospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Jouinot
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Endocrinology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, INSERM U900, MINES ParisTech, PSL-Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | - Juliane Lippert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Mathilde Sibony
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Pathology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Florian Violon
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Pathology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Lindsay Jeanpierre
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Pathology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Daniel De Murat
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Armignacco
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Septier
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
| | - Karine Perlemoine
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
| | - Franck Letourneur
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Izac
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Ragazzon
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
| | - Karen Leroy
- Genetics and Molecular Biology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Eric Pasmant
- Genetics and Molecular Biology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | | | - Sébastien Gaujoux
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Dousset
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Groussin
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Endocrinology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Rossella Libe
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Endocrinology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | | | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to C L Ronchi or G Assié; or
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Endocrinology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Assie
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U-1016, CNRS UMR-8104, Paris, France
- Endocrinology, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Correspondence should be addressed to C L Ronchi or G Assié; or
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9
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Meyer M, Schneckener S, Loosen R, Coboeken K, Willmann S, Burghaus R, Lippert J, Mueck W, Becker C. Leveraging translational approaches for accelerated clinical development of vericiguat. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
Vericiguat is a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator, like riociguat and nelociguat, and entered clinical development in 2012. Before entering Phase 2, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of vericiguat had been studied in healthy volunteers only, whereas riociguat and nelociguat had also been studied in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) or biventricular chronic heart failure (HF). We hypothesised that integrating all PK/PD data from these compounds into population PK/PD (popPK/PD) and physiology-based PK (PBPK) models could be used to predict optimal and safe dose ranges of vericiguat for Phase 2b studies in patients with worsening chronic HF. This novel bridging approach was applied in one of several translational stages to accelerate the development of vericiguat (Figure 1).
Purpose
We used prior knowledge from other sGC stimulators in a combined PK/PD and PBPK modelling approach to directly initiate Phase 2b studies of vericiguat in patients after Phase 1 studies in healthy volunteers.
Methods
PK, heart rate (HR) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) data for vericiguat, nelociguat and riociguat were used to calculate PK/PD slopes of linear models, corrected with fraction unbound percentages (2.2%, 3.6% and 3.9%, respectively), to compare potency relative to riociguat based on unbound concentrations. PK estimates for nelociguat and riociguat were derived using population PK modelling (NONMEM) from patient studies with sparse PK sampling. PBPK models informed by preclinical physicochemical and PK data as well as clinical data for vericiguat were used to predict vericiguat PK in patients with HF (PK-Sim). Exposure–response data for riociguat in patients indicated the optimal range of PD responses for vericiguat (blood pressure for safety and cardiac index for efficacy).
Results
Vericiguat and nelociguat had lower potency than riociguat when comparing PK/PD slopes for HR and SVR (slope ratios of 0.23–0.32 for vericiguat and 0.33–0.47 for nelociguat). Plasma concentrations of vericiguat would need to be ∼3.6 times that of riociguat for equivalent responses. In patients with PH and LVD the optimal plasma concentration range for riociguat was ∼10–100 μg/l in exposure–response and safety studies, which translates to a target exposure range of ∼90–900 μg/l for vericiguat in patients with HF. PBPK modelling showed that vericiguat 2.5 mg and 10 mg would cover the target exposure range and that 1.25 mg would be a “non-effective” dose level with respect to haemodynamics.
Conclusions
Our novel translational approach combining popPK/PD analyses of other sGC stimulators with PBPK modelling enabled vericiguat to move directly from Phase 1 to Phase 2b, reducing development time by ∼2 years. PK and safety results from Phase 2b (SOCRATES-REDUCED) and Phase 3 (VICTORIA) trials confirmed that use of this translational approach to predict dose ranges of vericiguat was successful.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Funding for this research was provided by Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany Figure 1
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Affiliation(s)
- M Meyer
- Bayer AG, Pharmacometrics, Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - R Loosen
- Bayer AG, Pharmacometrics, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - K Coboeken
- Bayer AG, Pharmacometrics, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - S Willmann
- Bayer AG, Pharmacometrics, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R Burghaus
- Bayer AG, Pharmacometrics, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Lippert
- Bayer AG, Pharmacometrics, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - W Mueck
- Bayer AG, Clinical Pharmacology, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - C Becker
- Bayer AG, Clinical Pharmacology, Wuppertal, Germany
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Lippert J, Bønløkke S, Utke A, Knudsen BR, Sorensen BS, Steiniche T, Stougaard M. Targeted next generation sequencing panel for HPV genotyping in cervical cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 118:104568. [PMID: 33171155 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer are generally caused by a persistent infection with the oncogenic virus, HPV. Patients with HPV integration are more prone to develop cervical cancer than patients without integration. In this proof-of-concept study, we aimed to develop a sensitive method based on targeted amplicon based NGS for early and precise detection of high-risk HPV-genotypes that are highly associated with the development of cervical cancer. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate if amplicon based NGS allowed for HPV genotyping in cervical lesions and whether it could detect HPV integration. The cohort included a group of CIN3+ biopsies (n = 64), CIN2 samples that progressed (n = 5), CIN2 samples that regressed (n = 3), healthy controls (n = 10), and plasma samples (n = 10) from cervical cancer patients. Sequencing was performed using a custom targeted NGS panel designed to detect all 25 high-risk and probably high-risk and two low-risk HPV genotypes. The method was validated by the SPF10 PCR-DEIA-LiPA25 assay. In the cohort, the following HPV genotypes were identified: HPV-16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59. When comparing the results from the SPF10 PCR-DEIA-LiPA25 analyses with the NGS analyses, there was close to a perfect agreement (K = 0.92) among the genotyped HPV types, while in the two cases with complete disagreement, a third assay was applied, and here the results of the NGS analyses were confirmed. Whereas multiple HPV types were detected by the SPF10 PCR-DEIA-LiPA25 assay, the NGS analysis clearly suggest that there is one predomentant HPV type. The NGS assay was capable of detecting HPV-16 in a previous false-negative sample classified by the INNO-LiPA assay, emphasizing the importance of including multiple regions of the HPV genome when genotyping. For the 10 plasma samples, our NGS analyses showed full agreement with the digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) analyses of HPV positive as well as negative plasma samples. Lastly, the custom panel was capable of detecting the integration of HPV-16 in the SiHa cell line. The HPV panel provides a highly cost-effective method for HPV detection and genotyping, as exemplified by a list price of around 75 € per sample. In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that targeted NGS is capable of detecting and genotyping HPV in both FFPE biopsies and plasma samples. This method provides for early diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer disease progression, thereby optimizing the potential of recovery and survival for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lippert
- Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - S Bønløkke
- Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark; Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Utke
- Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - B R Knudsen
- Aarhus University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - B S Sorensen
- Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark; Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T Steiniche
- Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark; Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M Stougaard
- Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark; Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Aarhus, Denmark.
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11
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Jouinot A, Lippert J, Fassnacht M, de La Villeon B, Septier A, Neou M, Perlemoine K, Appenzeller S, Sibony M, Gaujoux S, Dousset B, Libe R, Groussin L, Ronchi CL, Assié G, Bertherat J. Intratumor heterogeneity of prognostic DNA-based molecular markers in adrenocortical carcinoma. Endocr Connect 2020; 9:705-714. [PMID: 32698135 PMCID: PMC7424337 DOI: 10.1530/ec-20-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is heterogeneous. Genomic studies have identified ACC subgroups characterized by specific molecular alterations, including features measured at DNA level (somatic mutations, chromosome alterations, DNA methylation), which are closely associated with outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate intratumor heterogeneity of prognostic molecular markers at the DNA level. METHODS Two different tissue samples (primary tumor, local recurrence or metastasis) were analyzed in 26 patients who underwent surgery for primary or recurrent ACC. DNA-related biomarkers with prognostic role were investigated in frozen and paraffin-embedded samples. Somatic mutations of p53/Rb and Wnt/β-catenin pathways were assessed using next-generation sequencing (n = 26), chromosome alteration profiles were determined using SNP arrays (n = 14) and methylation profiles were determined using four-gene bisulfite pyrosequencing (n = 12). RESULTS Somatic mutations for ZNRF3, TP53, CTNN1B and CDKN2A were found in 7, 6, 6 and 4 patients, respectively, with intratumor heterogeneity in 8/26 patients (31%). Chromosome alteration profiles were 'Noisy' (numerous and anarchic alterations) in 8/14 and 'Chromosomal' (extended patterns of loss of heterozygosity) in 5/14 of the study samples. For these profiles, no intratumor heterogeneity was observed. Methylation profiles were hypermethylated in 5/12 and non-hypermethylated in 7/12 of the study samples. Intratumor heterogeneity of methylation profiles was observed in 2/12 patients (17%). CONCLUSIONS Intratumor heterogeneity impacts DNA-related molecular markers. While somatic mutation can differ, prognostic DNA methylation and chromosome alteration profile seem rather stable and might be more robust for the prognostic assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Jouinot
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Juliane Lippert
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Bruno de La Villeon
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Septier
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Mario Neou
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Karine Perlemoine
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
| | - Silke Appenzeller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Mathilde Sibony
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Department of Pathology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Gaujoux
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Department of Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Dousset
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Department of Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Rossella Libe
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Groussin
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Guillaume Assié
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Bertherat:
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Smith G, Liang R, Chortis V, Khan S, Lippert J, Hantel C, Altieri B, Fassnacht M, Foster PA, Ronchi CL. SUN-LB22 PLK1 as a New Treatment Target for Adrenocortical Carcinoma. J Endocr Soc 2020. [PMCID: PMC7208647 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited medical treatment options. We previously identified polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) as one of most overexpressed genes in ACC; thus PLK1 represents a potential treatment target for this cancer type. Some PLK1 inhibitors are under evaluation in clinical trials for other solid organ malignancies, and seem to be more effective in TP53 mutated tumours. The aim of this study was to evaluate PLK1 protein levels in a large series of ACC and assess the in vitroefficacy of PLK1 inhibitors in two different ACC cell lines. Methods: 104 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ACC tissue samples with available genetic data were investigated. Nuclear PLK1 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and a semi-quantitative H-score was calculated. PLK1 expression levels were correlated to clinical and histological parameters. Efficacy of PLK1-specific inhibitor Volasertib (0-200 nM) was tested in the standard NCI-H295R ACCcell line, which presents PLK-1 overexpression and a large TP53 deletion, and in the newly established MUC1 cell line, which bears a frameshift mutation in TP53. Cell proliferation was analysed using DNA fluorescence and cell apoptosis by Caspase Glo 3/7 assay. Results: Nuclear PLK1 expression was classified as high in 59% of ACC samples, with a significant difference noted between TP53-mutated (n=24) and wild-type (n=80) cases (87.5 vs 51%, p<0.01). PLK1 levels did not correlate with either progression-free or overall survival. H295R cells showed a significant time- and dose-dependent reduction of cell proliferation compared to vehicle control after 72h of Volasertib treatment (p<0.005 per trend, p=0.01 by 200nM by non-parametric two-way ANOVA). A less pronounced and non-significant trend towards inhibited proliferation was observed in MUC1 cells. Cell apoptosis was significantly higher in the H295R cells treated with 175nM and 200nM Volasertib when compared to control (p<0.05), while there was no significant difference in MUC1 cells. Conclusion:In this pilot study, we propose PLK1 inhibitors as promising candidates for treatment of a subset of ACC patients that may be pre-selected according to the tumour molecular pattern. We plan to extend functional experiments to further PLK1 inhibitors, including additional ACC cell lines with a different molecular profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Smith
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Raimunde Liang
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Vasileios Chortis
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sana Khan
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Juliane Lippert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Paul Alexander Foster
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Lucia Ronchi
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Liang R, Weigand I, Lippert J, Kircher S, Altieri B, Steinhauer S, Hantel C, Rost S, Rosenwald A, Kroiss M, Fassnacht M, Sbiera S, Ronchi CL. Targeted Gene Expression Profile Reveals CDK4 as Therapeutic Target for Selected Patients With Adrenocortical Carcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:219. [PMID: 32373071 PMCID: PMC7176906 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) are aggressive tumors with a heterogeneous prognosis and limited therapeutic options for advanced stages. This study aims to identify novel drug targets for a personalized treatment in ACC. RNA was isolated from 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ACC samples. We evaluated gene expression of 84 known cancer drug targets by reverse transcriptase quantitative real time-PCR and calculated fold change using 5 normal adrenal glands as reference (overexpression by fold change >2.0). The most promising candidate cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) was investigated at protein level in 104 ACC samples and tested by in vitro experiments in two ACC cell lines (NCI-H295R and MUC1). The most frequently overexpressed genes were TOP2A (100% of cases, median fold change = 16.5), IGF2 (95%, fold change = 52.9), CDK1 (80%, fold change = 6.7), CDK4 (62%, fold change = 2.6), PLK4 (60%, fold change = 2.8), and PLK1 (52%, fold change = 2.3). CDK4 was chosen for functional validation, as it is actionable by approved CDK4/6-inhibitors (e.g., palbociclib). Nuclear immunostaining of CDK4 significantly correlated with mRNA expression (R = 0.52, P < 0.005). We exposed both NCI-H295R and MUC1 cell lines to palbociclib and found a concentration- and time-dependent reduction of cell viability, which was more pronounced in the NCI-H295R cells in line with higher CDK4 expression. Furthermore, we tested palbociclib in combination with insulin-like growth factor 1/insulin receptor inhibitor linsitinib showing an additive effect. In conclusion, we demonstrate that RNA profiling is useful to discover potential drug targets and that CDK4/6 inhibitors are promising candidates for treatment of selected patients with ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimunde Liang
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Weigand
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Lippert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Institute of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sonja Steinhauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Simone Rost
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L. Ronchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Cristina L. Ronchi ;
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Lippert J, Appenzeller S, Liang R, Sbiera S, Kircher S, Altieri B, Nanda I, Weigand I, Gehrig A, Steinhauer S, Riemens RJM, Rosenwald A, Müller CR, Kroiss M, Rost S, Fassnacht M, Ronchi CL. Targeted Molecular Analysis in Adrenocortical Carcinomas: A Strategy Toward Improved Personalized Prognostication. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:4511-4523. [PMID: 30113656 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has a heterogeneous prognosis, and current medical therapies have limited efficacy in its advanced stages. Genome-wide multiomics studies identified molecular patterns associated with clinical outcome. OBJECTIVE Here, we aimed at identifying a molecular signature useful for both personalized prognostic stratification and druggable targets, using methods applicable in clinical routine. DESIGN In total, 117 tumor samples from 107 patients with ACC were analyzed. Targeted next-generation sequencing of 160 genes and pyrosequencing of 4 genes were applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens to detect point mutations, copy number alterations, and promoter region methylation. Molecular results were combined with clinical/histopathological parameters (tumor stage, age, symptoms, resection status, and Ki-67) to predict progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS In addition to known driver mutations, we detected recurrent alterations in genes not previously associated with ACC (e.g., NOTCH1, CIC, KDM6A, BRCA1, BRCA2). Best prediction of PFS was obtained integrating molecular results (more than one somatic mutation, alterations in Wnt/β-catenin and p53 pathways, high methylation pattern) and clinical/histopathological parameters into a combined score (P < 0.0001, χ2 = 68.6). Accuracy of prediction for early disease progress was 83.3% (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.872, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 0.94). Furthermore, 17 potentially targetable alterations were found in 64 patients (e.g., in CDK4, NOTCH1, NF1, MDM2, and EGFR and in DNA repair system). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that molecular profiling of FFPE tumor samples improves prognostication of ACC beyond clinical/histopathological parameters and identifies new potential drug targets. These findings pave the way to precision medicine in this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lippert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silke Appenzeller
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Raimunde Liang
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Institute for Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Indrajit Nanda
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Weigand
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Steinhauer
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Renzo J M Riemens
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, LK Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute for Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Clemens R Müller
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Simone Rost
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Central Labor, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, England
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Kaden J, May G, Schönemann C, Müller P, Groth J, Seeger W, Seibt F, Henkert M, Lippert J. Effect of ATG prophylaxis in sensitized and non-sensitized kidney graft recipients. Transpl Int 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.1992.5.s1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Kuepfer L, Niederalt C, Wendl T, Schlender JF, Willmann S, Lippert J, Block M, Eissing T, Teutonico D. Applied Concepts in PBPK Modeling: How to Build a PBPK/PD Model. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2016; 5:516-531. [PMID: 27653238 PMCID: PMC5080648 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this tutorial is to introduce the fundamental concepts of physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) modeling with a special focus on their practical implementation in a typical PBPK model building workflow. To illustrate basic steps in PBPK model building, a PBPK model for ciprofloxacin will be constructed and coupled to a pharmacodynamic model to simulate the antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kuepfer
- Bayer Technology Services, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - C Niederalt
- Bayer Technology Services, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - T Wendl
- Bayer Technology Services, Leverkusen, Germany
| | | | | | - J Lippert
- Bayer HealthCare, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M Block
- Bayer Technology Services, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - T Eissing
- Bayer Technology Services, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - D Teutonico
- Bayer Technology Services, Leverkusen, Germany.
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17
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Marshall SF, Burghaus R, Cosson V, Cheung SYA, Chenel M, DellaPasqua O, Frey N, Hamrén B, Harnisch L, Ivanow F, Kerbusch T, Lippert J, Milligan PA, Rohou S, Staab A, Steimer JL, Tornøe C, Visser SAG. Good Practices in Model-Informed Drug Discovery and Development: Practice, Application, and Documentation. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2016; 5:93-122. [PMID: 27069774 PMCID: PMC4809625 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This document was developed to enable greater consistency in the practice, application, and documentation of Model-Informed Drug Discovery and Development (MID3) across the pharmaceutical industry. A collection of "good practice" recommendations are assembled here in order to minimize the heterogeneity in both the quality and content of MID3 implementation and documentation. The three major objectives of this white paper are to: i) inform company decision makers how the strategic integration of MID3 can benefit R&D efficiency; ii) provide MID3 analysts with sufficient material to enhance the planning, rigor, and consistency of the application of MID3; and iii) provide regulatory authorities with substrate to develop MID3 related and/or MID3 enabled guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R Burghaus
- Systems Pharmacology & Medicine Bayer Pharma AG Wuppertal Germany
| | - V Cosson
- Clinical Pharmacometrics F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd Basel Switzerland
| | - S Y A Cheung
- Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology AstraZeneca Cambridge UK
| | - M Chenel
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier Suresnes France
| | - O DellaPasqua
- Clinical Pharmacology Modelling & Simulation GlaxoSmithKline R&D Ltd Uxbridge UK
| | - N Frey
- Clinical Pharmacometrics F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd Basel Switzerland
| | - B Hamrén
- Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology AstraZeneca Gothenburg Sweden
| | | | - F Ivanow
- Global regulatory policy & Intelligence Janssen R&D High Wycombe UK
| | - T Kerbusch
- Quantitative Pharmacology & Pharmacometrics MSD Oss Netherlands
| | - J Lippert
- Systems Pharmacology & Medicine Bayer Pharma AG Wuppertal Germany
| | | | - S Rohou
- Global Regulatory Affairs & Policy AstraZeneca Paris France
| | - A Staab
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG Biberach Germany
| | | | - C Tornøe
- Clinical Reporting Novo Nordisk A/S Søborg Denmark
| | - S A G Visser
- Quantitative Pharmacology & Pharmacometrics Merck & Co Kenilworth USA
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18
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Lippert J, Halfter H, Boentert M, Young P, Heidbreder A. P96. New laboratory method to mirror individual circadian rhythms and sleep preference in idiopathic hypersomnia. Clin Neurophysiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.04.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Schaller S, Willmann S, Lippert J, Schaupp L, Pieber TR, Schuppert A, Eissing T. A Generic Integrated Physiologically based Whole-body Model of the Glucose-Insulin-Glucagon Regulatory System. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2013; 2:e65. [PMID: 23945606 PMCID: PMC3828004 DOI: 10.1038/psp.2013.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Models of glucose metabolism are a valuable tool for fundamental and applied medical research in diabetes. Use cases range from pharmaceutical target selection to automatic blood glucose control. Standard compartmental models represent little biological detail, which hampers the integration of multiscale data and confines predictive capabilities. We developed a detailed, generic physiologically based whole-body model of the glucose-insulin-glucagon regulatory system, reflecting detailed physiological properties of healthy populations and type 1 diabetes individuals expressed in the respective parameterizations. The model features a detailed representation of absorption models for oral glucose, subcutaneous insulin and glucagon, and an insulin receptor model relating pharmacokinetic properties to pharmacodynamic effects. Model development and validation is based on literature data. The quality of predictions is high and captures relevant observed inter- and intra-individual variability. In the generic form, the model can be applied to the development and validation of novel diabetes treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schaller
- 1] Bayer Technology Services GmbH, Computational Systems Biology, Leverkusen, Germany [2] Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Sciences, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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20
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Lippert J, Brosch M, von Kampen O, Meyer M, Siegmund HU, Schafmayer C, Becker T, Laffert B, Görlitz L, Schreiber S, Neuvonen PJ, Niemi M, Hampe J, Kuepfer L. A mechanistic, model-based approach to safety assessment in clinical development. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2012; 1:e13. [PMID: 23835795 PMCID: PMC3600730 DOI: 10.1038/psp.2012.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing the safety of pharmacotherapies is a primary goal of clinical trials in drug development. The low frequency of relevant side effects, however, often poses a significant challenge for risk assessment. Methodologies allowing robust extrapolation of safety statistics based on preclinical data and information from clinical trials with limited numbers of patients are hence needed to further improve safety and efficacy in the drug development process. Here, we present a generic systems pharmacology approach integrating prior physiological and pharmacological knowledge, preclinical data, and clinical trial results, which allows predicting adverse event rates related to drug exposure. Possible fields of application involve high-risk populations, novel drug candidates, and different dosing scenarios. As an example, the approach is applied to simvastatin and pravastatin and the prediction of myopathy rates in a population with a genotype leading to a significantly increased myopathy risk.CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology (2012) 1, e13; doi:10.1038/psp.2012.14; advance online publication 7 November 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lippert
- Computational Systems Biology, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - M Brosch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - O von Kampen
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - M Meyer
- Computational Systems Biology, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - H.-U Siegmund
- Computational Systems Biology, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - C Schafmayer
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - T Becker
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - B Laffert
- Cell Culture Service, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L Görlitz
- Computational Systems Biology, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - S Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - P J Neuvonen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Niemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Hampe
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - L Kuepfer
- Computational Systems Biology, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany
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21
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Lippert J, Halfter H, Osada N, Young P. Expression zirkadianer Rhythmikgene in dermalen Fibroblasten von Patienten mit idiopathischer Hypersomnie und gesunden Kontrollprobanden. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1285852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Kunkel A, Deppe R, Faiss J, Hoffmann F, Klauer T, Köhler W, Lippert J, Martin EM, Schilling H, Tiffert C, Voigt K, Zettl UK, Faiss JH. Psychoedukatives Training für Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose: Inhalte und Evaluation. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Willmann S, Edginton AN, Coboeken K, Ahr G, Lippert J. Risk to the Breast-Fed Neonate From Codeine Treatment to the Mother: A Quantitative Mechanistic Modeling Study. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2009; 86:634-43. [DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2009.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Kunkel A, Apel-Neu A, Deppe R, Faiss J, Hoffmann F, Klauer T, Köhler W, Lippert J, Martin E, Schilling H, Tiffert C, Voigt K, Zettl U, Faiss J. Krankheitsbewältigung von MS-Patienten im ersten Jahr nach Diagnose in Abhängigkeit vom Wissen über die Erkrankung. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1087048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Arenberger P, Arenbergerova M, Gkalpakiotis S, Lippert J, Stribrna J, Kremen J. Multimarker real-time reverse transcription-PCR for quantitative detection of melanoma-associated antigens: a novel possible staging method. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2008; 22:56-64. [PMID: 18181974 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02329.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of melanoma cells in peripheral blood is a promising method for monitoring haematogenous spread of melanoma cells. It enables us to detect early metastasis and to better stratify candidates for adjuvant immunotherapy. Inconsistent data on the sensitivity and clinical relevance of this method have been reported. STUDY DESIGN We developed a multimarker real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) for quantification of five melanoma markers: Melan-A, gp100, MAGE-3, MIA and tyrosinase. In this prospective study, 65 patients with resected cutaneous melanoma stage IIB-III were screened. Peripheral blood samples were collected every 3 months for the following 18 months, and circulating melanoma cells were examined and compared with clinical staging results. RESULTS Eighteen patients relapsed during the trial and showed different types of melanoma progression. All these patients experienced statistically significant tumour marker elevation in the period from 0 to 9 months before the disease progression. MAGE-3 was the most sensitive progression marker. In patients with progression, we observed three concordant positive markers in 39% of cases, two concordant positive markers in 28%, and finally one marker in 33%. CONCLUSIONS This report describes a multiple-marker real-time RT-PCR, which is able to provide quantitative data on melanoma markers in the peripheral blood of melanoma patients. Measurement of the studied molecular markers in our hands represents a prognostic factor and a useful method for early detection of metastasis and treatment response of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arenberger
- Department of Dermatology, Charles University 3rd Medical Faculty, Prague, Czech Republic
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26
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Bucholz R, Lippert J. Von der Einzelzelle zum Organismus, vom Computermodell zum Bioreaktor – Verfahrenstechnik in der medizinischen Forschung. CHEM-ING-TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200750293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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27
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Burghaus R, Coböken K, Hizaler E, Kuepfer L, Lippert J, Niederalt C, Sensse A, Siegmund HU. In-silico Modellierung der Blutkoagulation – ein Werkzeug zur Analyse und Interpretation experimenteller Daten und zur Extrapolation auf klinisch relevante Fragestellungen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200750162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Burghaus R, Leineweber D, Lippert J. Data Mining Analysis of a Complex Polymer Process. Chem Eng Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200403206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Lippert J, Adler I, Meyer HD, Lübbert A, Schügerl K. Characterization of the two-phase systems in airlift tower-loop bioreactors during the cultivation ofE. coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 25:437-50. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260250211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Kaden J, May G, Schönemann C, Müller P, Groth J, Seeger W, Seibt F, Henkert M, Lippert J. Effect of ATG prophylaxis in sensitized and non-sensitized kidney graft recipients. Transpl Int 2003; 5 Suppl 1:S75-8. [PMID: 14621739 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-77423-2_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
In our effort to find an optimum immunosuppressive protocol for kidney transplantation we introduced two forms of ATG prophylaxis: 1. high-dose single-bolus prophylaxis (9 mg/kg) in non-sensitized patients (PRA < 5%); and 2. low-dose 8-day prophylaxis (1.5-3.0 mg/kg) in sensitized patients (PRA > 5%). A total of 204 kidney graft recipients were included in this study and treated with a triple-drug therapy (TDT). In comparison with TDT-treated controls, in sensitized patients the 8-day ATG prophylaxis resulted in a reduced rate of rejection episodes (25.5% vs 47%), an improved 1-year graft survival (82% vs 71%) and patient survival (94% vs 90%). In non-sensitized patients the high-dose single-bolus ATG prophylaxis induced a T-cell lymphopenia lasting 4 to 5 days and, in comparison with the corresponding controls, resulted in a shortened hospital stay (31.2 days vs 36.7 days), a reduced rate of rejection episodes (25.5% vs 53%), an improved 1-year graft survival (92% vs 86%) and patient survival (100% vs 94%).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kaden
- Department of Immunology, Clinic of Urology, Friedrichshain Hospital, Berlin, FRG
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Abstract
Disparity-sensitive neurons respond to contrast-inverted stereograms (aRDS) that do not evoke depth percepts. This is in conflict with the idea that such neurons are the direct correlate of depth perception. However, the output of neurons responding to aRDS may be further processed: neurons at later processing stages show weaker responses to aRDS than early stage neurons. Here, we show that such a response hierarchy emerges in a three-layered neural network. A numerical analysis demonstrates that threshold operations can largely explain the network's behavior as well as the electrophysiological data. An extension of the energy neuron model for disparity-sensitive neurons predicts increased responses to aRDS for an identifiable sub-class of cells and can thus be tested in electrophysiological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lippert
- Institut für Biologie II, RWTH Aachen, Kopernikusstrasse 16, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Abstract
Previous research has suggested that the processing of binocular disparity in complex cells may be described with an energy formalism. The energy formalism allows for a representation of disparity by differences in the position or in the phase of monocular receptive subfields of binocular cells, or by combination of these two types. We studied the coding of disparities with an approach complementary to previous algorithmic investigations. Since realization of these representations is probably not genetically determined but learned during ontogeny, we used backpropagation networks to study which of these three possibilities were realized within neural nets. Three types of networks were trained with noise patterns in analogy to the three types of energy models. The networks learned the task and generalized to untrained correlated noise pattern input. Outputs were broadly tuned to spatial frequency and did not respond to anti-correlated noise patterns. Although the energy model was not explicitly implemented, we could analyze the outputs of the networks using predictions of the energy formalism. After learning was completed, the model neurons preferred position shifts over phase shifts in representing disparity. We discuss the general meaning of these findings and the correspondences and deviations between the energy model, V1 neurons, and our networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lippert
- Institut für Biologie II, RWTH Aachen, Germany.
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34
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Rahn KH, Barenbrock M, Fritschka E, Heinecke A, Lippert J, Schroeder K, Hauser I, Wagner K, Neumayer HH. Effect of nitrendipine on renal function in renal-transplant patients treated with cyclosporin: a randomised trial. Lancet 1999; 354:1415-20. [PMID: 10543667 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(99)08421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium antagonists such as nitrendipine reduce the effects of cyclosporin on renal haemodynamics, however, their long-term efficacy has not been established. We did a randomised trial to investigate the effects of nitrendipine on renal function in renal-transplant patients treated with cyclosporin. METHODS 253 renal-transplant patients were recruited: 52 normotensive patients (diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg) were assigned placebo and 57 nitrendipine 5 mg twice daily; 71 hypertensive patients (diastolic blood pressure >90 to <115 mm Hg) were assigned placebo and 73 nitrendipine 10 mg twice daily. Nitrendipine was increased to 20 mg twice daily if the target diastolic blood pressure (<90 mm Hg) was not achieved. The patients were seen once a month for 24 months; blood pressure and serum creatinine concentration were recorded at each visit. Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS 63 patients were withdrawn (35 nitrendipine, 28 placebo). The mean serum creatinine concentration at baseline was slightly higher in the nitrendipine group (146.7 micromol/L [SE 4.42]) than in the placebo group (137.0 micromol/L [3.54]. At the 24-month endpoint or at dropout, serum creatinine concentration was significantly higher in the 123 patients in the placebo group than the 130 patients in the nitrendipine group (160.8 [7.1] vs 148.5 [5.3], p for effect of treatment=0.025, analysis of covariance in a two-way classification; 95% CI for difference -1.77 to -22.98). At study entry, the blood pressures of the placebo and the nitrendipine groups were almost identical. At 24 months, blood pressure was higher in the normotensive patients given a placebo than in those patients given nitrendipine. By contrast, blood-pressure values were similar in those hypertensive patients given a placebo and those given nitrendipine at the end of treatment. INTERPRETATION The calcium antagonist nitrendipine has no adverse effects on kidney function in renal-transplant patients with cyclosporin. The drug has a small but significant nephroprotective effect, that is independent of the drug's antihypertensive action.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Rahn
- Department of Medicine, University of Muenster, Germany.
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35
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Keller K, Hofmann WJ, Kayser K, Limberg B, Lippert J, Werner A, Andrassy K, Hahn P, Stremmel W, Galle PR. [Coincidence of primary sclerosing cholangitis and sarcoidosis--case report and review of the literature]. Z Gastroenterol 1997; 35:33-9. [PMID: 9123956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and sarcoidosis are diseases of unknown etiology which are rarely associated. Here we report the case of a 31-year-old man with PSC and pulmonary sarcoidosis. In addition, we include a brief review on PSC and sarcoidosis, in particular with respect to etiopathogenesis and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Keller
- Innere Medizin II (Allgemeine Klinische und Psychosomatische Medizin), Universität Heidelberg
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36
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Ritz E, Lippert J, Keller C. [A rapid rise in the number of type-2 diabetics in kidney failure. Not just a problem of nephrologists]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1996; 121:1247. [PMID: 8925760 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1043134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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37
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Lippert J, Ritz E. Reply by authors. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1996. [DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.ndt.a027283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
Recently, there has been a trend to lower dialysate calcium concentrations because of the frequent occurrence of hypercalcaemia with the use of calcium-containing phosphate binders. No single dialysate calcium concentration is available which suits all dialysis patients. The risk of hypercalcaemia depends on intradialytic (diffusive and convective) calcium transport and interdialytic calcium balance (negative or positive intestinal balance). Low dialysate calcium concentrations expose the patient to the risks of negative calcium balance and increase in parathyroid hormone concentration, particularly if patients are non-compliant with the intake of calcium-containing phosphate binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ritz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ruperto Carola University, Heidelberg, Germany
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39
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Barenbrock M, Colmorgen U, Firschka E, Gellert J, Lippert J, Schröder K, Spieker C, Voigt-Ladner G, Wagner K, Neumayer HH. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-year trial to study the effect of nitrendipine on chronic renal transplant function. Clin Nephrol 1995; 43:388-91. [PMID: 7554523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigates the effect of nitrendipine on kidney function after renal transplantation. Renal transplant recipients (6th-12th postoperative week, serum creatinine < 3 mg/dl) were divided into a normotensive (diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg) and a hypertensive group (diastolic blood pressure > or = 90, < 115 mmHg). Normotensive patients are randomly treated for 104 weeks with nitrendipine 2 x 5 mg daily or placebo, hypertensive patients with 2 x 10 mg - 2 x 20 mg nitrendipine daily or placebo and in case of inefficacy with additional antihypertensive drugs. Primary end point of the study is the renal transplant function. The trial was started in June 1990. One hundred and eight patients were included into the normotensive and 138 patients into the hypertensive group. Renal allograft function, cyclosporine trough levels and the donor characteristics were not different between the normotensive and hypertensive groups at entry into the study. After 12 months there was no significant change of renal transplant function in both groups. Cyclosporine trough levels were also similar in the normotensive and hypertensive group after 12 months. As expected, blood pressure decreased significantly after 12 months from 150 +/- 17/95 +/- 11 mmHg to 141 +/- 16/90 +/- 9 mmHg in the hypertensive group (p < 0.01). In contrast, in the normotensive group blood pressure increased significantly from 128 +/- 12/80 +/- 6 mmHg to 135 +/- 15/86 +/- 8 mmHg (p < 0.001). No normotensive but 4 hypertensive patients developed graft failure during the first 12 months of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barenbrock
- Department of Medicine, University of Berlin (Charité), Germany
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40
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Lippert J, Ritz E, Schwarzbeck A, Schneider P. The rising tide of endstage renal failure from diabetic nephropathy type II--an epidemiological analysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995; 10:462-7. [PMID: 7623988 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/10.4.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years there has been a substantial increase in the proportion of patients requiring renal replacement therapy who suffer from diabetes mellitus. In the lower Neckar region, a survey has been made comprising all patients admitted for renal replacement therapy from 1.1.1993-30.6.1994. Out of a total of 225 patients admitted, 95 suffered from diabetes (10 type I, 85 type II). The estimated annual incidence of terminal renal failure with diabetes was 52/mio/year. At the same time, 79 patients who suffered from diabetes were admitted to the renal unit in Heidelberg (outpatient clinic and ward) for evaluation of de novo renal failure (approximately 176/mio/year); standard primary chronic renal disease was found in 19/79 of these diabetic patients (25%). The discrepancy between the annual incidence of (i) renal failure and of (ii) terminal renal failure suggests that a high proportion of patients with diabetes (mainly type II) and renal failure, dies prior to reaching terminal renal failure. Potential reasons for the increasing incidence of endstage renal failure from diabetes type II are (i) the increasing prevalence of type II diabetes in Germany in recent decades, (ii) aging of the population in view of the known greater prevalence of type II diabetes in older individuals and (iii) improved survival of patients with type II diabetes secondary to diminished cardiovascular mortality. Particularly because of the latter factor a further increase of endstage renal failure in patients with type II diabetes must be anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lippert
- Department Internal Medicine Heidelberg, Schwetzingen, Weinheim, Germany
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41
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Ritz E, Lippert J, Keller C. Hypertension, cardiovascular complications and survival in diabetic patients on maintenance haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995; 10 Suppl 7:43-6. [PMID: 8570078 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/10.supp7.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Ritz
- Department Internal Medicine, Ruperto Carola University, Heidelberg, Germany
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42
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Abstract
The role of cytomegalovirus infection in allograft injury is controversial. A subgroup of renal graft recipients who had histologically proven late-acute rejection did not respond to conventional anti-rejection therapy (80% graft loss within 1 year). These patients showed an expansion of memory-type CD8 peripheral-blood T cells that expressed interferon-gamma mRNA and an association with clinically symptomless cytomegalovirus infection (82% PCR positive, 42% antigenaemia). Antiviral therapy with ganciclovir resulted in stable improved graft function in 17 of 21 treated patients with cytomegalovirus-associated late-acute rejection. The results underline the clinical relevance of cytomegalovirus-related graft injury and offer a novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Reinke
- Medical Clinic V-Nephrology, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Berlin, Germany
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43
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Mutze S, Reichmuth B, Süss C, Lippert J, Ewert R. [Xenon computerized tomography of kidney transplants]. Aktuelle Radiol 1994; 4:243-5. [PMID: 7986841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Xenon-CT is an established method for determining cerebral perfusion, while applications in other organs are rare. We evaluated the diagnostic potential of measuring the regional Renal Blood Flow (rRBF) in 10 patients with transplanted kidneys by xenon-CT. We found significant differences in the rRBF between the renal medulla and the cortex. There were no differences between normal renal transplants and transplants with chronic rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mutze
- Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Universitätsklinikums Charité
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Zwettler U, Lippert J, Andrassy K, Ritz E. [Acute myoglobinuric kidney failure as a consequence of autoaggressive behavior in mental retardation]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1994; 119:994-8. [PMID: 8039454 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1058792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A 49-year-old female with mental retardation was admitted with suspected renal insufficiency with a raised creatinine (5.1 mg/dl), hyperkalaemia (5.6 mmol/l), and a 12-hour history of diffuse abdominal pain and persistent vomiting. On admission, she had a haematoma around the right shoulder and arm-pit, swelling of the right upper-arm, and severe limitation of movement of the right hand. These injuries were the result of trauma some 5 days previously. She was a long-term inpatient in a psychiatric clinic, with a history of autoaggressive behaviour, which had led to several fractures in the past as a result of falls. The creatinine kinase was elevated to 6680 U/l. The suspected diagnosis of acute oliguric renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis was confirmed by the presence of marked myoglobinuria (409 ng/ml). Because of the delay in diagnosis, acute renal failure developed, and the patient required haemodialysis for 20 days. Because of their many predisposing factors, psychiatric patients represent a special risk group for development of rhabdomyolysis, recognition of which is often delayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Zwettler
- Sektion Nephrologie, Universität Heidelberg
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45
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Geberth S, Lippert J, Ritz E. The apparent "epidemic" increase in the incidence of renal failure from diabetic nephropathy. Nephron Clin Pract 1993; 65:160. [PMID: 8413781 DOI: 10.1159/000187465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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46
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Abstract
The presence of a terminal nerve in the avian brain has recently been reported. As the terminal nerve in other classes of vertebrates contains luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), we used immunocytochemistry to determine whether the pigeon terminal nerve also contained LHRH. We found LHRH-immunoreactivity in the olfactory nerve and in the olfactory bulb. The distribution of LHRH neurons was similar to the LHRH neuronal migration pathway during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Norgren
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH 45267
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47
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Kahle M, Lippert J, Willemer S, Pabst W, Martin P. Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation on the exocrine pancreas in minipigs. Res Exp Med (Berl) 1991; 191:309-25. [PMID: 1722048 DOI: 10.1007/bf02576687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation on the pancreas was studied in 22 anesthetized minipigs. Five pigs were treated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) for 21 h (Group I) and six pigs were treated with a PEEP of 15 cm H2O for 21 h (Group II). We next explored the influence of PEEP ventilation while stimulating the pancreas with Ceruletide, a synthetic cholecystokinin (CCK) analog, at 2.3 micrograms/kg per h.i.v. for 3 h. Ventilation with IPPV for 4 h (n = 5, group III) was compared with PEEP of 15 cm H2O for 4 h (n = 6, group IV). Changes in serum-lipase were observed in all groups. The average lipase level rose from 12.6 U/l to 67 U/l group I and from 15.1 U/l to 129.2 U/l in group II (P = 0.025 for group I vs group II). In group IV (PEEP and Ceruletide), the mean lipase level rose about six times more than in group III (IPPV and Ceruletide). The difference was significant (P less than 0.00005). By three-factor ANOVA analysis, effects due to the drug (P less than 0.000006) and to PEEP (P less than 0.038) as well as a threefold interaction could be demonstrated, i.e., using Ceruletide a greater PEEP effect on lipase than without the drug (P less than 0.023) took place. There were no significant histological changes of the pancreas in groups I and III. In group II (21 h PEEP), vacuolization of acinar cells was evident; on the ultrastructural level, indication was given that these vacuoles derived both from the Golgi apparatus and from fusion of individual zymogen granules. In group IV (PEEP and Ceruletide), the focal appearance of fatty-tissue necrosis and acinar cells as well as hemorrhage of the gland was observed. We conclude that PEEP ventilation impairs the function of the pancreas and produces even more deleterious effects when the gland is stimulated. These effects should be considered when PEEP is used in clinical practice in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kahle
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Giessen, Federal Republic of Germany
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48
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Lippert J, Wohlfart J, Morr H. [Differential diagnosis in "fever of unknown origin"--an unusual disease course with long latency]. Internist (Berl) 1991; 32:654-6. [PMID: 1769802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Lippert
- Klinik für Lungen- und Bronchialerkrankungen Waldhof Elgershausen, Greifenstein
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49
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Song A, Jones S, Lippert J, Metzgen K, Miller J, Borreca C. Wisconsin Behavior Rating Scale: measure of adaptive behavior for the developmental levels of 0 to 3 years. Am J Ment Defic 1984; 88:401-10. [PMID: 6695962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of the Wisconsin Behavior Rating Scale was examined. We hypothesized that the extensive content of the scale as well as its arrangement of items with progressive difficulty would be effective in discriminating a rather homogeneous group of individuals functioning between 0 and 4.0 years. The scale was standardized on a sample of 325 institutionalized mentally retarded persons and a sample of 184 nonretarded infants and young children. Highly acceptable levels of reliability and validity were established for both samples. With respect to factorial validity, cognitive and psychomotor abilities accounted for approximately 83% of the explained variance. The hypothesis was supported in terms of adequate results of high concurrent and construct validity of the scale.
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50
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Aarkrog A, Lippert J. Environmental radioactivity in Greenland in 1977. RISO Rep 1978:1-20. [PMID: 752180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Measurements of fallout radioactivity in Greenland in 1977 are reported. Strontium-90 (and Cesium-137 in most cases) was determined in samples of precipitation, sea water, vegetation, animals, and drinking water. Estimates are given of the mean contents of 90Sr and 137Cs in the human diet in Greenland in 1977.
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