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Miyamoto S, Nishiyama T, Ueno A, Park H, Kanno T, Nakamura N, Ozono S, Aihara K, Takahashi K, Tsuchihashi Y, Ishikane M, Arashiro T, Saito S, Ainai A, Hirata Y, Iida S, Katano H, Tobiume M, Tokunaga K, Fujimoto T, Suzuki M, Nagashima M, Nakagawa H, Narita M, Kato Y, Igari H, Fujita K, Kato T, Hiyama K, Shindou K, Adachi T, Fukushima K, Nakamura-Uchiyama F, Hase R, Yoshimura Y, Yamato M, Nozaki Y, Ohmagari N, Suzuki M, Saito T, Iwami S, Suzuki T. Infectious virus shedding duration reflects secretory IgA antibody response latency after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2314808120. [PMID: 38134196 PMCID: PMC10756199 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314808120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious virus shedding from individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is used to estimate human-to-human transmission risk. Control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission requires identifying the immune correlates that protect infectious virus shedding. Mucosal immunity prevents infection by SARS-CoV-2, which replicates in the respiratory epithelium and spreads rapidly to other hosts. However, whether mucosal immunity prevents the shedding of the infectious virus in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals is unknown. We examined the relationship between viral RNA shedding dynamics, duration of infectious virus shedding, and mucosal antibody responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Anti-spike secretory IgA antibodies (S-IgA) reduced viral RNA load and infectivity more than anti-spike IgG/IgA antibodies in infected nasopharyngeal samples. Compared with the IgG/IgA response, the anti-spike S-IgA post-infection responses affected the viral RNA shedding dynamics and predicted the duration of infectious virus shedding regardless of the immune history. These findings highlight the importance of anti-spike S-IgA responses in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 for preventing infectious virus shedding and SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Developing medical countermeasures to shorten S-IgA response time may help control human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection and prevent future respiratory virus pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Takara Nishiyama
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi464-8602, Japan
| | - Akira Ueno
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Hyeongki Park
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi464-8602, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanno
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Nakamura
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi464-8602, Japan
| | - Seiya Ozono
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Aihara
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Takahashi
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Yuuki Tsuchihashi
- Center for surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
- Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence, Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishikane
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo162-8655, Japan
| | - Takeshi Arashiro
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
- Center for surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Shinji Saito
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Akira Ainai
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hirata
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Harutaka Katano
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Minoru Tobiume
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Kenzo Tokunaga
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Tsuguto Fujimoto
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Michiyo Suzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo162-8655, Japan
| | - Maki Nagashima
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo162-8655, Japan
| | - Hidenori Nakagawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka534-0021, Japan
| | - Masashi Narita
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Okinawa Prefectural Nanbu Medical Center and Children’s Medical Center, Okinawa901-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kato
- Department of Infectious Diseases, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Chiba286-0124, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Igari
- Department of Infection Control, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaori Fujita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okinawa National Hospital, Okinawa901-2214, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kato
- Department of Chest Disease, National Hospital Organization Nagara Medical Center, Gifu502-8558, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Hiyama
- Department of Infectious Disease, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka-Higashi Medical Center, Fukuoka811-3195, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindou
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirakata City Hospital, Osaka573-1013, Japan
| | - Takuya Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Toshima Hospital, Tokyo173-0015, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Fukushima
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo113-8677, Japan
| | | | - Ryota Hase
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba286-8523, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Infectious Disease, Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s Hospital, Kanagawa221-0855, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamato
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Rinku General Medical Center 598-8577, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nozaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokoname City Hospital, Aichi479-8510, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo162-8655, Japan
| | - Motoi Suzuki
- Center for surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Tomoya Saito
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
| | - Shingo Iwami
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka819-0395, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program, RIKEN, Saitama351-0198, Japan
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo135-8550, Japan
- Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka810-0041, Japan
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo162-8640, Japan
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Nishihara T, Shibata M, Ohashi A, Hiyama K, Yamashita T, Kuroiwa M, Sudo N. The relation between vaccination status and referral to a consultation-liaison psychiatry service for hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Biopsychosoc Med 2023; 17:40. [PMID: 37968660 PMCID: PMC10647145 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-023-00296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are likely to be affected by delirium and other psychiatric complications. We aimed to evaluate the relation between COVID-19 vaccination status and referral of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 for consultation-liaison psychiatry services. METHOD From the medical records used for this retrospective, single hospital-based study, 576 patients were identified who were over 18 years-of-age and hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19 between March 2020 and March 2022. The data of 531 for whom the vaccine history was obtained from the medical records were available for analysis: 455 without and 76 with referral to consultation-liaison psychiatry. A history of COVID-19 vaccination at least two times was used in the analysis of the odds for referral to liaison psychiatric consultation: 95% confidence interval (CI) in multivariable logistic regression. The adjustment factors included sex, age, body mass index (BMI), severity of COVID-19, C-reactive protein level, medical history, and therapeutic factors such as the use of remdesivir, steroids, or mechanical ventilation. RESULTS The prevalence of psychiatric consultation was 14.3%. Patients without vaccination had a 7-times greater OR (95%CI:2.08-23.58) than vaccinated patients for a referral for consultation-liaison psychiatry services after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSION Non-vaccination was associated with a greater likelihood of referral for consultation-liaison psychiatry service among these hospitalized Japanese patients with COVID-19, even after adjusting for clinical and therapeutic factors. It is possible that vaccination greatly lessens the need for the referral of COVID-19 patients for consultation-liaison psychiatry services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoe Nishihara
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka Higashi Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan.
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
- Clinical Education Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Mao Shibata
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayako Ohashi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka Higashi Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Hiyama
- Department of Infectious Disease, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka Higashi Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yamashita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka Higashi Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mika Kuroiwa
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka Higashi Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Sudo
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Nishihara T, Ohashi A, Nakashima Y, Yamashita T, Hiyama K, Kuroiwa M. Compassion fatigue in a health care worker treating COVID-19 patients: a case report. Biopsychosoc Med 2022; 16:10. [PMID: 35428306 PMCID: PMC9012067 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-022-00239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Doctors treating COVID-19 are under extreme stress. It was reported that healthcare workers providing palliative care could present elevated levels of compassion fatigue. We herein report a case if the attending doctor of severe COVID-19 cases who felt extreme psychological difficulty and suffered from compassion fatigue. Case presentation A 29-year-old female doctor presented with anxiety and insomnia. Her stress from overwork was exacerbated during the treatment of two related COVID-19 patients, a 47-year-old man with COVID-19 and his 76-year-old mother, who suffered acute stress disorder after the death of her son. The mother first refused treatment, but with psychiatric intervention she was able to recover and be discharged. In the course of these cases of COVID-19, their attending physician felt psychological distress and presented with insomnia and anticipatory anxiety due to the poor prognosis of the mother. After being presented with a systematic approach to improve her work situation by the hospital executive staff and undergoing psychotherapy for compassion fatigue, she recovered and was able to return to work. Conclusions We report a physician in charge of severe cases of COVID-19, who suffered an adverse impact on her mental health. Excessively empathic engagement in the care of patients who do not survive and their relatives provides high risk for compassion fatigue. The stress-related distress of HCWs should be more widely recognized in order to improve support systems for them.
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Shinkai M, Tsushima K, Tanaka S, Hagiwara E, Tarumoto N, Kawada I, Hirai Y, Fujiwara S, Komase Y, Saraya T, Koh H, Kagiyama N, Shimada M, Kanou D, Antoku S, Uchida Y, Tokue Y, Takamori M, Gon Y, Ie K, Yamazaki Y, Harada K, Miyao N, Naka T, Iwata M, Nakagawa A, Hiyama K, Ogawa Y, Shinoda M, Ota S, Hirouchi T, Terada J, Kawano S, Ogura T, Sakurai T, Matsumoto Y, Kunishima H, Kobayashi O, Iwata S. Efficacy and Safety of Favipiravir in Moderate COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients without Oxygen Therapy: A Randomized, Phase III Clinical Trial. Infect Dis Ther 2021; 10:2489-2509. [PMID: 34453234 PMCID: PMC8396144 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-021-00517-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus. Favipiravir is an orally administrable antiviral drug whose mechanism of action is to selectively inhibit RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. A preliminary trial in COVID-19 patients reported significant improvements across a multitude of clinical parameters, but these findings have not been confirmed in an adequate well-controlled trial. We conducted a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled Phase III trial assessing the efficacy and safety of favipiravir in patients with moderate pneumonia not requiring oxygen therapy. Methods COVID-19 patients with moderate pneumonia (SpO2 ≥ 94%) within 10 days of onset of fever (temperature ≥ 37.5 °C) were assigned to receive either placebo or favipiravir (1800 mg twice a day on Day 1, followed by 800 mg twice a day for up to 13 days) in a ratio of 1:2. An adaptive design was used to re-estimate the sample size. The primary endpoint was a composite outcome defined as the time to improvement in temperature, oxygen saturation levels (SpO2), and findings on chest imaging, and recovery to SARS-CoV-2-negative. This endpoint was re-examined by the Central Committee under blinded conditions. Results A total of 156 patients were randomized. The median time of the primary endpoint was 11.9 days in the favipiravir group and 14.7 days in the placebo group, with a significant difference (p = 0.0136). Favipiravir-treated patients with known risk factors such as obesity or coexisting conditions provided better effects. Furthermore, patients with early-onset in the favipiravir group showed higher odds ratio. No deaths were documented. Although adverse events in the favipiravir group were predominantly transient, the incidence was significantly higher. Conclusions The results suggested favipiravir may be one of options for moderate COVID-19 pneumonia treatment. However, the risk of adverse events, including hyperuricemia, should be carefully considered. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.jp number: JapicCTI-205238. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-021-00517-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaharu Shinkai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, 6-3-22 Higashioi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsushima
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 852 Hatakeda, Narita, Chiba, 286-8520, Japan
| | - Shingo Tanaka
- Department of Otolaryngology, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, 1-2-24 Ikejiri, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154-8532, Japan
| | - Eri Hagiwara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, 6-16-1 Tomiokahigashi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Norihito Tarumoto
- Department of Infectious Disease and Infection control, Saitama Medical University Hospital, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawada
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Hirai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, 1163 Tatemachi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan
| | - Sho Fujiwara
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8677, Japan
| | - Yuko Komase
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, 1197-1 Yasashi-cho, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0811, Japan
| | - Takeshi Saraya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Koh
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tachikawa Hospital, 4-2-22 Nishiki-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8531, Japan
| | - Naho Kagiyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, 1696 Itai, Kumagaya, Saitama, 360-0197, Japan
| | - Megumi Shimada
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Tokai University Oiso Hospital, 21-1 Gakkyo, Oiso-machi, Naka-gun, Kanagawa, 259-0198, Japan
| | - Daiki Kanou
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, 3211 Kozukue-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 222-0036, Japan
| | - Shinichi Antoku
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Kidney Disease, Edogawa Hospital, 2-24-18 Higashikoiwa, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, 133-0052, Japan
| | - Yujiro Uchida
- Department of General Medicine, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, 2-1-1 Bashaku, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 802-8561, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tokue
- Infection Control and Prevention Center, Gunma University Hospital, 3-39-15 Showamachi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Mikio Takamori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, 2-8-29 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8524, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Gon
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nihon University Itabashi Hospital, 30-1 Oyaguchikami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kenya Ie
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kawasaki Municipal Tama Hospital, 1-30-37 Shukugawara, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8525, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Yamazaki
- Department of Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Nagano Prefectural Shinshu Medical Center, 1332 Suzaka, Suzaka, Nagano, 382-8577, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Harada
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Koukan Hospital, 1-2-1 Kokandori, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0852, Japan
| | - Takashi Naka
- Department of Neurology, Higashiosaka City Medical Center, 3-4-5 Nishiiwata, Higashiosaka, Osaka, 578-8588, Japan
| | - Mitsunaga Iwata
- Department of Emergency and General Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakagawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Hiyama
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Hospital Organization Fukuokahigashi Medical Center, 1-1-1 Chidori, Koga, Fukuoka, 811-3195, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ogawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebarajicho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinoda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, 6-3-22 Higashioi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8522, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, 6-3-22 Higashioi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8522, Japan
| | - Takatomo Hirouchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, 6-3-22 Higashioi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8522, Japan
| | - Jiro Terada
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 852 Hatakeda, Narita, Chiba, 286-8520, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kawano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, 1-2-24 Ikejiri, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154-8532, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, 6-16-1 Tomiokahigashi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0051, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sakurai
- Scientific Information Department, FujiFilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., 3-4-8 Hatchobori, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0032, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Matsumoto
- Scientific Information Department, FujiFilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., 3-4-8 Hatchobori, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0032, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kunishima
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, St. Marianna University, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Osamu Kobayashi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwata
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Kitamoto Y, Oda K, Ogino K, Hiyama K, Kita H, Hattori T, Oi S. Synthesis of an azadioxa-planar triphenylborane and investigation of its structural and photophysical properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2297-2300. [PMID: 33533350 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08331c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report here the first successful synthesis of planar triphenylborane 1 with the phenyl groups bridged by oxygen and nitrogen atoms via double nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The hetero atom-bridged 1 has excellent planarity. Its structural and photophysical properties are tunable by altering the bridging atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitamoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - K Oda
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - K Ogino
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - K Hiyama
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - H Kita
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - T Hattori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - S Oi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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Hiyama K, Terashima H, Tsukizaki H, Sumi Y, Nakano Y, Imamura F, Kamiga M. SUN-P273: The Effects of Oral Administration of Cystine/Theanine During the Perioperative Period in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery: A Pilot Study. Clin Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(17)30357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abu-Zayyad T, Aida R, Allen M, Anderson R, Azuma R, Barcikowski E, Belz JW, Bergman DR, Blake SA, Cady R, Cheon BG, Chiba J, Chikawa M, Cho EJ, Cho WR, Fujii H, Fujii T, Fukuda T, Fukushima M, Gorbunov D, Hanlon W, Hayashi K, Hayashi Y, Hayashida N, Hibino K, Hiyama K, Honda K, Iguchi T, Ikeda D, Ikuta K, Inoue N, Ishii T, Ishimori R, Ivanov D, Iwamoto S, Jui CCH, Kadota K, Kakimoto F, Kalashev O, Kanbe T, Kasahara K, Kawai H, Kawakami S, Kawana S, Kido E, Kim HB, Kim HK, Kim JH, Kim JH, Kitamoto K, Kitamura S, Kitamura Y, Kobayashi K, Kobayashi Y, Kondo Y, Kuramoto K, Kuzmin V, Kwon YJ, Lan J, Lim SI, Machida S, Martens K, Matsuda T, Matsuura T, Matsuyama T, Matthews JN, Minamino M, Miyata K, Murano Y, Myers I, Nagasawa K, Nagataki S, Nakamura T, Nam SW, Nonaka T, Ogio S, Ohnishi M, Ohoka H, Oki K, Oku D, Okuda T, Oshima A, Ozawa S, Park IH, Pshirkov MS, Rodriguez DC, Roh SY, Rubtsov GI, Ryu D, Sagawa H, Sakurai N, Sampson AL, Scott LM, Shah PD, Shibata F, Shibata T, Shimodaira H, Shin BK, Shin JI, Shirahama T, Smith JD, Sokolsky P, Stokes BT, Stratton SR, Stroman T, Suzuki S, Takahashi Y, Takeda M, Taketa A, Takita M, Tameda Y, Tanaka H, Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Thomas SB, Thomson GB, Tinyakov P, Tkachev I, Tokuno H, Tomida T, Troitsky S, Tsunesada Y, Tsutsumi K, Tsuyuguchi Y, Uchihori Y, Udo S, Ukai H, Vasiloff G, Wada Y, Wong T, Wood M, Yamakawa Y, Yamane R, Yamaoka H, Yamazaki K, Yang J, Yoneda Y, Yoshida S, Yoshii H, Zhou X, Zollinger R, Zundel Z. Upper limit on the flux of photons with energies above1019 eVusing the Telescope Array surface detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.88.112005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
In human somatic cells without the activity of telomerase, the ends of chromosomes consisting of the telomeric repeats TTAGGG progressively erode with each cell division. In germline and immortal cells telomerase activity maintains telomere length and thus compensates for the 'end-replication problem'. Progressive telomere shortening and reactivation of telomerase activity have been considered to be one of the key mechanisms in cellular senescence and immortalization. It has been shown that while most somatic cells do not have detectable telomerase activity, almost all cancers do have telomerase activity. Thus, detection of telomerase activity may have utility in the early diagnosis of cancer and may be a new target for therapeutic intervention. However, there is recent evidence that some cells of renewal tissues, such as hematopoietic cells and basal cells of the epidermis, have detectable telomerase activity. In the present study, we report detectable telomerase activity in normal human intestinal mucosa. This activity is localized to the lower third of each crypt and may be derived from intestinal stem cells. Since intestinal telomeric repeats are shorter in adults when compared to children, the telomerase activity in the intestine is insufficient to maintain telomere length but may be sufficient to provide extended proliferative capacity for such renewal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hiyama
- HIROSHIMA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED 2,MINAMI KU,HIROSHIMA 734,JAPAN. HIROSHIMA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT SURG 1,MINAMI KU,HIROSHIMA 734,JAPAN. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT CELL BIOL & NEUROSCI,DALLAS,TX 75235
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9
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Abstract
AbstractAl substitution for Zr/Ti site of PZT was attempted using a sol-gel method, and the ferroelectric properties of 200nm-thick Al doped PZT thin films were compared with those of non- doped PZT film. The leakage current of the thin films decreased with increasing Al content. Ps and Pr also decreased with increasing Al content, whereas Ec did not show a significant change. Furthermore, a simple capacitor cell structure like FeRAM was prepared using a seed layer process. The capacitor structure was Pb(Ti0.975Al0.025)O3/ Pb1.1((Zr0.52Ti0.48)0. 975Al0.025)O3/ Pb(Ti0.975Al0.025)O3, and 2Pr was 26μC/cm2. The fatigue properties of the A1 doped PZT capacitor cell showed a little improvement, because the reduction rate of the fatigue was smaller than that of non-doped PZT thin film.
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Takemoto H, Murata K, Tomita N, Fukunaga M, Watanabe M, Ohue M, Ikeda R, Tanimoto K, Hiyama K, Nishiyama M. Pharmacogenomic analysis for prediction of individual response to mFOLFOX6 in colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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11
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Takemoto H, Tomita N, Murata K, Fukunaga M, Okamura S, Ohue M, Ishida H, Tanimoto K, Hiyama K, Nishiyama M. Optimal patient selection for CPT-11 chemotherapy in colorectal cancer: Quantitative prediction of tumor response and overall survival using expression data of novel marker genes. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e14529 Background: Unlike the toxicity, none of the critical prediction markers of CPT-11 efficacy has been validated to date. With a hypothesis that expression analysis of a set of the key drug sensitivity genes could allow us to predict the therapeutic response, we identified potent marker genes for CPT-11 in in vitro, conducted this prospective study attempting to develop a prediction formula of efficacy using the expression data (2006 ASCO, 2006 ESMO), and demonstrated the latest prediction formula of the best tumor response (BTR), time to treatment failure (TTP), and the overall survival after CPT-11 chemotherapy (OS). Methods: Seven genes identified as possible marker genes for CPT-11 (SN-38)- AMD1, CTSC, EIF1AX, FLJ13089 , DDX54, PTPN2, and TBX3-, and 5 other possible marker genes (ABCG2, CYP3A4, MGMT, POR, and TOP2A) that had already been known as drug sensitivity determinants and selected by our in vitro screening process, were studied. CPT-11 was intravenously administered on Days 1, 8, and 15, every 4 weeks in chemo-naive patients with stage IV colorectal cancer after palliative operation. Tumor samples were collected at surgery and tumor response was evaluated by RECIST. Results: All of the 44 enrolled patients were assessable for BTR (% of initial tumor size), TTP (day), and OS (day) in the clinical study, and we successfully developed the best linear model for each, which converted the quantified expression data of the 7 selected genes into objective BTR, TTP, and OS. We used 20, 16, and 15 tumor specimens and constructed potent prediction formulae for BTR (r=0.9420), TTP (r=0.7103), and OS (r=0.8406), respectively. Utility-confirmation analyses using another 16, 10, 13 clinical samples appeared to show that the formulae could predict BTR (r=0.6491, p=0.007) and OS (r=0.7947, p=0.011). We also fixed the best linear models using 5 other known marker genes, but they had less advantage in prediction. Conclusions: Despite limited data, our developed formulae using the 7 novel genes would provide advantages in prediction of individual response to CPT-11. Based on the positive results of this study, we have initiated a large scale validation study of the formula. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Takemoto
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - N. Tomita
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - K. Murata
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - M. Fukunaga
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - S. Okamura
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - M. Ohue
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - H. Ishida
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - K. Tanimoto
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - K. Hiyama
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - M. Nishiyama
- Sakai Municipal Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan; Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Kansairosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan; Osaka Medical Center Cancer & Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Osaka Seamen's Insurance Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Hiroshima University, RIRBM, Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
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Ikeda R, Yoshida K, Satou Y, Takahashi M, Une Y, Yamamoto W, Tanimoto K, Hiyama K, Sasaki Y, Nishiyama M. Randomized phase II/III study of docetaxel/S-1 (DS-1) versus CDDP/5FU (FUP) in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer: Updated phase II results. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4595 Background: Our previous single arm phase II trial demonstrated that the combination of DS-1 was one of the most powerful candidates to become a standard regimen for metastatic gastric cancer (K. Yoshida, et al: Clin Cancer Res 2006). This trial evaluated DS-1 and FUP in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer, and the primary objective of the phase II part was to evaluate activity and safety of the 2 regimens. Methods: Patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer, who had not received any chemotherapy except one regimen (not including taxanes), were eligible for this trial. Patients were randomized to either: DS-1, intravenous administration of 40 mg/m2 docetaxel on Day1 and oral administration of 80–120 mg/m2/day S-1 on Days 1 to 14 every 3 weeks, or FUP, intravenous continuous administration of 800 mg/m2/day 5-FU on Day 1 to 5 and intravenous administration of 80 mg/m2/day CDDP on Day 2 every 4 weeks. Results: Between June 2005 and August 2008, forty-nine of 54 patients (ECOG PS 0–2) were randomized to DS-1 (n=24) or FUP (n=25). Response rates (CR+PR) assessed by RECIST were 88.3% (CI;62.6–95.3) vs 52.0% (CI; 31.3–72.2, P=0.032), median times to treatment failure (TTF) were 122 days (CI; 75.2–168.8) vs 85 days (CI;67.9–102.1, P=0.003), median progression free survivals (PFS) were 198 days (CI;117.8–278.4) vs 105 days (CI;90.3–119.7, P=0.066). Median overall survival times (MSTs) were 369 days (CI; 359.6–378.4) vs 371 days (CI; 297.2- 444.8, P=0.281), but as of today, 14 pts (8 in DS-1 and 6 in FUP) are still alive. Grade 3/4 adverse events assessed by CTCAE v3.0 occurring in ≥20% patients, were neutropenia (58.3% vs 28.0%), nausea (4.2% vs 20.0%), leucopenia (33.0% vs 4.0%), fatigue (0% vs 20.0%) and anorexia (8.3% vs 32.0%). All treatment-related adverse events were resolved and no toxic death was reported. Conclusions: DS-1 significantly improved the RR and TTF in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer patients. To clarify the survival benefit, a phase III continuation of the study is in preparation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ikeda
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - K. Yoshida
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y. Satou
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - M. Takahashi
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y. Une
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - W. Yamamoto
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - K. Tanimoto
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - K. Hiyama
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y. Sasaki
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - M. Nishiyama
- Development Organization for Frontier Med Therap., Hiroshima, Japan; Gifu University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Asahikawa-Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan; Nishi Sapporo Natl Hosp., Sapporo, Japan; Senju Central Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; Hiroshima University, R.I.R.B.M., Hiroshima, Japan; Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
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Tokuda T, Asano R, Hiyama K, Terasawa Y, Nishida K, Kitaguchi Y, Fujikado T, Tano Y, Ohta J. Multi-finger structure and pulsed-powering operation scheme for CMOS LSI-based flexible stimulator for retinal prosthesis. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2009; 2008:4212-5. [PMID: 19163641 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4650138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Multi-finger structure was proposed to improve flexibility of the CMOS LSI-based multi-chip retinal stimulator. A dual-finger retinal stimulator was fabricated and its functionality was demonstrated in retinal stimulation experiments on rabbit's retina, We also proposed an idea of pulsed-powering operation scheme for the multi-chip flexible retinal stimulator. We compared the pulsed-powering scheme with conventional one in a simulation, and show that the pulsed-powering can be an alternative operation scheme for the neural stimulator that provides an improved safety to the biological tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tokuda
- Nara Institute Science and Technology, Takayama-cho 8916-5, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan.
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Nakamura H, Tanimoto K, Hiyama K, Yunokawa M, Kawamoto T, Kato Y, Yoshiga K, Poellinger L, Hiyama E, Nishiyama M. Human mismatch repair gene, MLH1, is transcriptionally repressed by the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, DEC1 and DEC2. Oncogene 2008; 27:4200-9. [PMID: 18345027 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia has been reported to cause a functional loss in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system as a result of downregulation of MMR genes, although the precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we focused on the downregulation of a key MMR gene, MLH1, and demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible transcription repressors, differentiated embryo chondrocytes (DEC1 and 2), participated in its transcriptional regulation via their bindings to E-box-like motif(s) in MLH1 promoter region. In all cancer cell lines examined, hypoxia increased expression of DEC1 and 2, known as hypoxia-inducible genes, but decreased MLH1 expression in an exposure time-dependent manner at both the mRNA and protein levels. Co-transfection reporter assay revealed that DEC1 and, to greater extent, DEC2 as well as hypoxia-repressed MLH1 promoter activity. We further found that the action was remarkably inhibited by trichostatin A, and identified a possible DEC-response element in the MLH1 promoter. In vitro electrophoretic gel mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that DEC1 or 2 directly bounds to the suggested element, and transient transfection assay revealed that overexpression of DEC2 repressed endogenous MLH1 expression in the cells. Hypoxia-induced DEC may impair MMR function through repression of MLH1 expression, possibly via the histone deacethylase-mediated mechanism in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nakamura
- Department of Translational Cancer Research, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Kawai H, Yoshida S, Yoshii H, Tanaka K, Cohen F, Fukushima M, Hayashida N, Hiyama K, Ikeda D, Kido E, Kondo Y, Nonaka T, Ohnishi M, Ohoka H, Ozawa S, Sagawa H, Sakurai N, Shibata T, Shimodaira H, Takeda M, Taketa A, Takita M, Tokuno H, Torii R, Udo S, Yamakawa Y, Fujii H, Matsuda T, Tanaka M, Yamaoka H, Hibino K, Benno T, Doura K, Chikawa M, Nakamura T, Teshima M, Kadota K, Uchihori Y, Hayashi K, Hayashi Y, Kawakami S, Matsuyama T, Minamino M, Ogio S, Ohshima A, Okuda T, Shimizu N, Tanaka H, Bergman D, Hughes G, Stratton S, Thomson G, Endo A, Inoue N, Kawana S, Wada Y, Kasahara K, Azuma R, Iguchi T, Kakimoto F, Machida S, Misumi K, Murano Y, Tameda Y, Tsunesada Y, Chiba J, Miyata K, Abu-Zayyad T, Belz J, Cady R, Cao Z, Huentemeyer P, Jui C, Martens K, Matthews J, Mostofa M, Smith J, Sokolsky P, Springer R, Thomas J, Thomas S, Wiencke L, Doyle T, Taylor M, Wickwar V, Wilkerson T, Hashimoto K, Honda K, Ikuta K, Ishii T, Kanbe T, Tomida T. Telescope Array Experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ikeda R, Yoshida K, Takagane A, Tsuburaya A, Kobayashi O, Sunouchi H, Matsukawa M, Tanimoto K, Hiyama K, Nishiyama M. Pharmacogenomic (PG) analysis for prediction of individual response to paclitaxel in 5-FU-refractory metastatic gastric cancer: Prediction formula of tumor response using novel marker genes and genotypes associated with the toxicity. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.2538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2538 Background: Taxanes offer hope for improving outcomes of metastatic gastric cancer patients including 5-FU failure cases, but the response remarkably varies among patients. We conducted this prospective PG study for paclitaxel monotherapy to develop a prediction formula of efficacy and to identify potent genetic markers of toxicity. Methods: Paclitaxel was intravenously given on Days 1, 8, and 15, every 4 weeks in 5-FU failure metastatic gastric cancer patients with typical eligibility criteria. Tumor and blood samples were collected before the initial paclitaxel administration for PG. PK analysis was done on day 1 of cycle 1. Tumor response and toxicity were evaluated by RECIST and CTCAE, respectively. Results: Forty-nine pts were enrolled, and up to date, 48 and 44 pts have been determined for worst toxicity and best tumor response, respectively. Observed response rate was 27.3% (12/44), and common grade 3/4 toxicities were neutropenia (31.3%) and leucopenia (20.8%). PG analysis demonstrated that CYP2C8*1C (w/v=27, v/v=5) and CYP2C8 -411T>C (w/v=24, v/v=10) were weakly associated with grade 3/4 leucopenia (p=0.087 and 0.092), and CYP2C8 IVS7+49T> A (w/v=9, v/v=6) might correlate with grade 3/4 anemia (p=0.039), although none of them correlated with any PK parameter. We identified 4 novel potent marker genes (SEPT5, MARN2, PER3, and PISA3) for paclitaxel efficacy in vitro through microarray expression analysis, and then successfully developed the best linear models, which converted the quantified expression data into objective clinical response, in terms of best tumor response (r=0.985, AICS=-5.269) and overall survival (r=0.980, AICS=6.953), using 15 and 13 data sets of gene expression and clinical response, respectively. At present, utility-confirmation analyses using other clinical samples appeared to show that the formulae could accurately predict tumor response. Conclusions: Polygenetic strategies using several known polymorphisms for toxicity and a prediction formula using 4 novel genes for efficacy would be of predictive value for individual response to paclitaxel. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ikeda
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Yoshida
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Takagane
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Tsuburaya
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - O. Kobayashi
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H. Sunouchi
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Matsukawa
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Tanimoto
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Hiyama
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Nishiyama
- Hiroshima Cancer Ther Dev Org, Hiroshima, Japan; Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan; Iwate Med Univ, Morioka, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Ctr Hosp, Yokohama, Japan; Kawakita General Hosp, Tokyo, Japan; Showa Univ Toyosu Hosp, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Abstract
Telomeres, guanine-rich tandem DNA repeats of the chromosomal end, provide chromosomal stability, and cellular replication causes their loss. In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. In embryonic stem cells, telomerase is activated and maintains telomere length and cellular immortality; however, the level of telomerase activity is low or absent in the majority of stem cells regardless of their proliferative capacity. Thus, even in stem cells, except for embryonal stem cells and cancer stem cells, telomere shortening occurs during replicative ageing, possibly at a slower rate than that in normal somatic cells. Recently, the importance of telomere maintenance in human stem cells has been highlighted by studies on dyskeratosis congenital, which is a genetic disorder in the human telomerase component. The regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation in human stem cells. Here we review the role of telomeres and telomerase in the function and capacity of the human stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hiyama
- Division of Life Science Research, Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
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18
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Saito H, Kurome M, Tomii R, Ueno S, Hiruma K, Hiyama K, Matsunari H, Nakayama N, Hattori K, Nakamura K, Endo H, Watanabe M, Umeyama K, Miki K, Nagashima H. 408 FOREIGN GENE INTEGRATION PATTERNS IN TRANSGENIC PORCINE FETUSES PRODUCED BY ICSI-MEDIATED GENE TRANSFER. Reprod Fertil Dev 2007. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv19n1ab408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that transgenic (TG) pigs can be produced from in vitro-matured oocytes using intracytoplasmic sperm injection-mediated gene transfer (ICSI-mediated method) (Kurome et al. 2006 Transgenic Res. 15, 229–240). We subsequently studied the expression of a foreign gene which had been introduced by the ICSI-mediated method. We found that the ICSI-mediated method is considerably less likely than the pronuclear microinjection method to produce embryos in which transgene-positive and transgene-negative cells co-exist, that is, mosaic embryos (Saito et al. 2006 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 18, 297 abst). Therefore, in order to further investigate the ICSI-mediated method, the present study was conducted to address the integration patterns of foreign genes introduced by this method. In particular, we wished to determine the number of transgene copies and number of chromosomal integration sites. TG pig fetuses, obtained by the ICSI-mediated method in a separate cardiac disease model study, were used in the present study. Porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes that had been collected from slaughterhouse ovaries were subjected to in vitro maturation in NCSU23 medium to produce MII oocytes to be used in this study. Porcine spermatozoa frozen in Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) were thawed rapidly in a 37�C water bath, and each spermatozoon was decapitated using ultrasound (28 kHz, 100 W; W-113; Honda Electronics Co., Ltd, Aichi, Japan). The heads (2 to 5 � 105/10 �L) were co-incubated with 2.5 ng �L-1 of rabbit calreticulin cDNA (�MHC-CRT-HA: 7.5 kb) for five min at room temperature, and then microinjected into MII oocytes using a piezo-micromanipulator. An electric stimulus (DC 150 V mm-1, 100 �s) was applied 10 to 40 min after microinjection in order to activate the oocytes. The embryos were cultured in PZM-5 medium for one to two days, and then transferred into the oviducts of recipient gilts, whose estrous cycle had been synchronized using 1000 IU eCG and 1500 IU hCG. Fetuses were collected 33 or 50 days later, and a primary cell line (fibroblast) was established. For each fetus, the number of transgene copies was determined by Southern blot. In addition, the chromosomal sites, where the foreign gene had integrated, were identified, and the number of integration sites was determined by fluoresent in situ hybridization (FISH). A total of 454 ICSI embryos were transferred to 4 recipients (92 to 135 embryos/recipient). All recipients became pregnant and 23 fetuses (5.1%, 23/454), including 7 TG fetuses (30.4%, 7/23), were obtained. Southern blot analysis showed that the number of transgene copies varied between 1 and 300 (1 copy: 1 fetus; 10 copies: 2 fetuses; 30 copies: 3 fetuses; 300 copies: 1 fetus). FISH analysis showed that in TG fetuses, the foreign gene had integrated at only a single chromosomal site, and this site varied from TG fetus to TG fetus. These results demonstrate that, in the case of ICSI-mediated gene transfer, as is the case for gene transfer by pronuclear microinjection, the integration patterns are: multiple copy, random site, and single site integration.
This study was supported by PROBRAIN.
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Matsunari H, Kurome M, Tomii R, Ueno S, Hiruma K, Saito H, Hiyama K, Nakayama N, Onodera M, Tada N, Nagashima H. 64 PRODUCTION OF TRANSGENIC CLONED PIGS BY MEANS OF SOMATIC CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER USING KUSABIRA-ORANGE GENE-TRANSFECTED CELLS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2007. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv19n1ab64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cloned pigs that express cell markers such as fluorescent proteins (Vintersten et al. 2004 Genesis 40, 241–246) are useful in biomedical research in areas such as cell/tissue transplantation and regenerative medicine. In this study, we attempted to produce transgenic cloned pigs from porcine fetal fibroblasts which carry the gene of red fluorescent protein, humanized Kusabira-Orange (huKO). We examined whether huKO-transfected cells are suitable as nuclear donors for somatic cell cloning, and whether red fluorescence can be detected in the cloned embryos. We used porcine fetal fibroblasts transfected with the huKO gene and a retroviral vector as the nuclear donor cells. Non-transfected cells were used as the control. Cumulus–oocyte complexes collected from slaughterhouse ovaries were in vitro-matured in NCSU23 medium to produce recipient oocytes. Nuclear transfer was conducted using a previously reported method (Kurome et al. 2003 Cloning Stem Cells 5, 367–377); the following parameters which determine the overall efficiency of nuclear transfer were investigated: (1) fusion rate between the donor cells and recipient oocytes, (2) rates of normal cleavage and blastocyst formation of the NT embryos, and (3) cell numbers in each blastocyst. A DC pulse (190 V mm-1) was used for electric fusion, and NCSU23 or PZM-5 medium was used for culturing the cloned embryos. The NT embryos on Day 7 were examined under a fluorescence microscope (G excitation) in order to evaluate the expression of red fluorescence. Some cloned embryos at the 1- to 8-cell stage (Day 1 or 2) were transferred into oviducts of estrus-synchronized recipient gilts. There was no significant difference (chi-square test) between the huKO and the control groups in the rate of fusion (132/151, 87.4% vs. 134/147, 91.2%, respectively) and cleavage rate (78/132, 59.1% vs. 86/134, 64.2%, respectively). A significantly greater percentage of huKO cell-derived embryos developed into blastocysts than did control cell-derived embryos (37/132, 28.0% vs. 20/134, 14.9%, respectively; P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the blastocyst cell numbers (Student's t-test: 48.6 ± 4.8 vs. 42.3 ± 4.9, respectively). Of the 132 NT embryos, 116 (87.9%) expressed red fluorescence. The percentage of blastocysts expressing red fluorescence was 94.6% (35/37). These results demonstrate that it is possible to obtain cloned blastocysts at a high rate by nuclear transfer of cells that have been transfected with huKO using a retroviral vector, and that it is possible to observe the expression of red fluorescence in cloned embryos. With respect to the cloned embryos that did not show expression of red fluorescence, we hypothesize that this was the result of a small proportion (<1%) of donor cells which also lacked red fluorescence expression. An ultrasonic echo examination has confirmed that all 3 of the recipients which had received 93 to 119 embryos became pregnant.
This study was supported by PROBRAIN.
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20
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Hiyama E, Yamaoka H, Kamimatsuse A, Onitake M, Sueda T, Nishiyama M, Hiyama K. Genomewide single nucleotide polymorphism microarray mapping for prediction of outcome of neuroblastoma patients. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.9010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
9010 Background: Neuroblastoma is a biologically and genetically heterogeneous tumor and demonstrates favorable or unfavorable outcomes. However, the number of subgroups in neuroblastoma and natural history of each subgroup remain unclear. In Japan, nation-wide neuroblasotma mass-screening (MS) project had been performed on 6-month-old babies for 20 years that might have detected almost all neuroblastomas including regressing/ maturing tumors developed in this period. We surveyed more than 3,600 neuroblasotma cases including approximately 2,000 MS detecting cases. In this study, we examined genetic alterations in the representative cases using genome-wide SNP array and compared with the clinical courses. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 198 neuroblastoma samples. SNP array (Affimetrix GeneChip Human mapping Array100K) was used to determine genome-wide aberrations. Chromosome aberrations were confirmed by BAC array and FISH examination. Expression profiles of these tumors were also examined using whole genome microarray (Codelink and Affimetrix Array U133 plus2). Results: SNP arrays could frequently identify chromosomal aberrations and allelic imbalances including 1p and 11q loss and MYCN amplification in unfavorable tumors. Then, we broadly classified the chromosome aberrations in neuroblastoma into four types: whole gain/loss type, partial gain/loss type, MYCN amplified type, and silent type with no large alterations. Almost all tumors with whole gain/loss type showed favorable prognosis, while MYCN amplified type and partial gain/loss type showed unfavorable outcome. In 32 tumors with silent type, 18 unfavorable tumors had small deletions and/or gains in 1p, 2p, 3p, 11q, and/or 17q but the remaining 16 favorable cases did not. The expression analysis of the unfavorable tumors showed high expression of several genes (DDX1, NAG, NME1, MAC30) in these loci. Conclusions: Genome-wide genetic analysis classified neuroblastoma into four types, which are useful to predict the outcome of patients. In the silent type, unfavorable tumors revealed several genes to predict the outcome of the patients. These data provided important candidates of indicators for risk assessment and of therapeutic targets for unfavorable neuroblastoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Hiyama
- Hiroshima Univerisity, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | | | | | - T. Sueda
- Hiroshima Univerisity, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - K. Hiyama
- Hiroshima Univerisity, Hiroshima, Japan
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22
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Abstract
The perception of social support may be a trait-like construct stemming from the current personality and early environment as well as a summation of the actual support perceived. A total of 220 community individuals were examined for the effects of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) items and early life experience at home and outside on the number of sources of perceived social support and satisfaction with that support. High extraversion and low neuroticism scores of the EPQ were correlated with the availability of support only in women, while high maternal care and low maternal overprotection in childhood were correlated with the satisfaction with support only in men. Availability of support was also correlated with some types of early life events. The quantity and quality of perception of social support differ in their links to personality and early environment, and may be, to some extent, explainable in terms of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Kitamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan.
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23
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Ishioka S, Terada M, Haruta Y, Hiyama K, Hozawa S, Yamakido M. Multiple logistic regression analysis of risk factors for the development of steroid-dependent asthma in the elderly: a comparison with younger asthmatics. Respiration 2001; 68:35-40. [PMID: 11223728 DOI: 10.1159/000050460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The percentage of the aged among all patients with bronchial asthma is increasing. OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors for the development of steroid-dependent asthma in the elderly. METHODS A multiple logistic regression analysis involving various clinical factors between steroid-dependent and -independent asthma was carried out for 59 asthmatics aged over 60 years, including 16 patients with steroid-dependent asthma. The calculated risk for each factor was compared with that obtained from 122 younger asthmatics aged 20-59 years. RESULTS Among the factors examined (sex, age, period from onset of asthma, type of asthma and family history of asthma, plus history of smoking, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps), the significant risk factors for the development of steroid dependency in the elderly asthmatics were only family history of bronchial asthma (relative risk 3.6) and smoking history (relative risk 6.9). CONCLUSIONS Some risk factors for steroid-dependent asthma in younger individuals were not significant in the elderly. Since the smoking history was most closely associated with the development of steroid dependency in the elderly, even though most of them had quit smoking, it is important for patients with asthma to avoid smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Hiroshima, Japan
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24
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Kumagai K, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Sato H, Yamanishi Y, McLeod HL, Konishi F, Maeda H, Yamakido M. Allelotype frequency of the thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) gene in Japanese. Pharmacogenetics 2001; 11:275-8. [PMID: 11337944 DOI: 10.1097/00008571-200104000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms at three loci in the thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) gene are known to be responsible for azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) toxicity. Among them, only TPMT*3C variant allele with A719G mutation was found in 15/522 (2.9%; 17/1044 alleles; 1.6%) Japanese individuals including two homozygotes. The allele frequency was different from that in Caucasians, and investigation of TPMT polymorphisms with consideration of ethnic differences before administration of azathioprine or 6MP may provide clinically useful information.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kumagai
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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25
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Abstract
The role of IL-4 has often been studied, especially in the Leishmania major infection model, but not in Trypanosoma cruzi infection. In the present study, the role of IL-4 in host defense against infection with the Tulahuen strain of T. cruzi was examined by depleting IL-4 with an anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody in vivo. In both IL-4 depleted and control C57BL/6 mice, the parasitemia showed peaks on the 21st day of infection. Both parasitemia and mortality were decreased in IL-4 depleted mice compared with control mice when IFN-gamma and nitric oxide productions were increased in IL-4 depleted mice compared with control mice. The mice treated with N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, showed increased susceptibility to T. cruzi infection to the same level in both IL-4 depleted and control mice. Thus, it is suggested that endogenous IL-4 induces susceptibility to T. cruzi mainly by suppressing the production of IFN-gamma and nitric oxide, which has trypanocidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hiyama
- Department of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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26
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Hiyama E, Hiyama K, Ohtsu K, Yamaoka H, Fukuba I, Matsuura Y, Yokoyama T. Biological characteristics of neuroblastoma with partial deletion in the short arm of chromosome 1. Med Pediatr Oncol 2001; 36:67-74. [PMID: 11464909 DOI: 10.1002/1096-911x(20010101)36:1<67::aid-mpo1017>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma shows remarkable heterogeneity, resulting in favorable and unfavorable outcomes. It is well known that almost all cases with MYCN amplification have a poor prognosis. We have previously reported that unfavorable tumors show high telomerase activity, whereas favorable tumors show low or nil activity. We also found that the unfavorable neuroblastoma often have a loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the MYCL locus. PROCEDURE To clarify the biological and clinical profiles of tumors with genetic abnormalities of the short arm of chromosome 1, we performed deletion mapping on 1p on 92 neuroblastoma tissues and corresponding noncancerous samples obtained from 92 cases for 24 micro- or minisatellite loci. RESULTS LOH was detected in at least one locus of 1p in 43 (47%) cases. All samples were classified into four groups according to the deleted pattern: interstitial deletion (group I, n = 20), short terminal deletion (group ST, n = 6), large terminal deletion (group LT, n = 17), and without detectable deletion (group N, n = 49). All group I cases, whose SRO (shortest region of overlap) was at 1p36.1-2, survived disease free, and none of them showed MYCN amplification or high telomerase activity except for one case. On the other hand, in group LT cases, who showed a large terminal deletion from D1S162 (1p32-pter), including the SRO of group 1, only 5 out of 17 have survived disease free, and 13 showed MYCN amplification or high telomerase activity. The six group ST cases showed small terminal deletion from 1p36.3 with modest prognosis, similar to the group N. CONCLUSIONS Thus, we propose three loci, 1p36.1-2, 1p32-34, and 1p36.3, as the candidate loci of neuroblastoma suppressor genes on chromosome 1p responsible for groups I, LT, and ST, respectively. Among them, the 1p32-34 locus may be associated with aggressiveness of tumor progression, possibly due to MYCN amplification and/or telomerase reactivation, while the remaining two loci may not.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Age of Onset
- Aneuploidy
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Southern
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/ultrastructure
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Genes, Tumor Suppressor
- Genes, myc
- Humans
- Infant
- Japan/epidemiology
- Loss of Heterozygosity
- Male
- Mass Screening
- Microsatellite Repeats
- Neoplasm Proteins/analysis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neuroblastoma/chemistry
- Neuroblastoma/epidemiology
- Neuroblastoma/genetics
- Neuroblastoma/pathology
- Receptor, trkA/analysis
- Receptor, trkA/genetics
- Survival Analysis
- Telomerase/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hiyama
- Department of General Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
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27
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Maeda H, Kumagai K, Konishi F, Katayama Y, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Yamakido M. Successful treatment of arthralgia with tamoxifen citrate in a patient with pachydermoperiostosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2000; 39:1158-9. [PMID: 11035143 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/39.10.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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28
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Hiyama E, Saeki T, Hiyama K, Takashima S, Shay JW, Matsuura Y, Yokoyama T. Telomerase activity as a marker of breast carcinoma in fine-needle aspirated samples. Cancer 2000; 90:235-8. [PMID: 10966564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomerase activity in breast fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples may have diagnostic utility. The purpose of this study was to compare in FNA samples of breast tumor the diagnostic accuracy as correlated with histologic final diagnosis. METHODS Fine-needle aspiration samples were obtained from 617 patients with palpable breast tumors. Slide preparation and cytology were performed according to a uniform approach. Extracts derived from 10(3) cells from the residual cells in the syringe were used for the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. Of the original 617 patients, 220 underwent open biopsy or surgery, and 93 cancers and 127 patients' benign diseases were diagnosed by histologic examination. RESULTS All 62 tumors that were diagnosed as "malignant" or "probably malignant" by FNA cytology were cancerous, and 50 cases (81%) showed detectable telomerase activity. Among 17 "atypical" or "indeterminate" cases, all 10 tumors with detectable telomerase activity subsequently were diagnosed as breast carcinoma whereas 6 of 7 tumors without telomerase activity were diagnosed as benign. Among the 141 "benign" or "unsatisfactory" samples, 12 of 21 cases with detectable telomerase activity subsequently were diagnosed as cancer. CONCLUSIONS The diagnostic accuracy of telomerase activity in FNA samples is considered to be equivalent or slightly higher to that of cytology (86% vs. 70%). Detection of telomerase activity should be considered an alert for false-negative results of FNA cytology and may be useful as a diagnostic marker for breast malignancy, especially in samples cytologically undetermined to be malignant. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol)
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hiyama
- Department of General Medicine, Hiroshima University Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Hiroshima, Japan
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29
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Ishioka S, Hozawa S, Haruta Y, Maeda A, Tamagawa K, Watanabe T, Hiyama K, Yamakido M. Effects of pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene antagonist, on bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in aspirin-intolerant asthmatics treated with corticosteroids. Hiroshima J Med Sci 2000; 49:105-8. [PMID: 10920576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are considered to be the most important mediator involved in the pathogenesis of aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA). However, the role of cysLTs in the baseline condition of the pathophysiology of AIA when not exposed to non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as well as that in the pathophysiology of aspirin-tolerant asthma remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of pranlukast, a potent, selective cysLT receptor antagonist, on bronchial responsiveness to methacholine, a non-specific stimulus, in 7 well-controlled aspirin-intolerant asthmatics receiving oral or inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Pranlukast was orally administered at a dose of 225 mg twice daily to all patients for 4 weeks, and the methacholine challenge test was performed before and after pranlukast treatment. The methacholine provocative concentration producing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (PC20-FEV1) was calculated as an index of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). The geometric mean values of PC20-FEV1 significantly (p = 0.028) increased from 0.34 mg/dl to 0.61 mg/dl after pranlukast treatment. No significant differences were observed in the baseline values of forced vital capacity (FVC) or FEV1 before and after pranlukast treatment. These findings suggest that antagonism of endogenous cysLT by pranlukast may be responsible for the improvement of BHR to methacholine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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Abstract
The prognosis of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) has been remarkably improved after the development of low-dose erythromycin therapy, possibly due to anti-inflammatory rather than anti-infective mechanisms. Interestingly, DPB associated with lung cancer is quite rare. Here, we report an autopsy case of DPB who developed lung cancer after a long successful therapy with low-dose erythromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hiroshima University
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Mendoza C, Sato H, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Isobe T, Maeda H, Hiyama E, Inai K, Yamakido M. Allelotype and loss of heterozygosity around the L-myc gene locus in primary lung cancers. Lung Cancer 2000; 28:117-25. [PMID: 10717329 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(99)00125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
L-myc S-allele was reported to be associated with metastasis of lung cancer, indicating the existence of a putative tumor suppressor gene around the L-myc locus, in linkage disequilibrium. The relationship between the S-allele and inactivation of some tumor suppressor gene should be indicated by allelic loss. Therefore, we examined the association between the L-myc S-allele and loss of heterozygosity at 11 loci around the L-myc locus (1p34.3) in primary lesions or other biological characteristics in lung cancer. No associations between the S-allele and allelic loss around the L-myc locus or other characteristics were found. According to the deletion map, three shortest regions of overlap between D1S230 and D1S76 were identified. While loss of heterozygosity at SRO1, between D1S2797 and MYCL1, showed no relationship with the pathological stage, it was more frequently observed in squamous cell carcinoma than adenocarcinoma (P=0.019), and associated with high telomerase activity (P=0.046), an indicator of cellular immortality. In conclusion, we found three shortest regions of overlap (SROs) from D1S2797 to pter, and a tumor suppressor gene, which might be associated with suppression of lung cancer development but not with L-myc S-allele, may exist in SRO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mendoza
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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Hiyama E, Yokoyama T, Hiyama K, Yamaoka H, Matsuura Y, Nishimura SI, Ueda K. Multifocal neuroblastoma: biologic behavior and surgical aspects. Cancer 2000; 88:1955-63. [PMID: 10760774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although multifocal neuroblastoma is rare, its incidence has increased because of recent improvements in diagnostic tools and the introduction of mass screening. Among the 106 neuroblastoma cases treated at the authors' hospital between 1984 and 1998, 8 were multifocal neuroblastoma. METHODS The authors examined clinicopathologic findings and biologic features, including MYCN amplification, NTRK1 and Ha-ras p21 expression, cellular DNA content, and telomerase activity in these 8 multifocal neuroblastoma cases. Moreover, clinicopathologic findings were investigated with a review of 53 published cases of multiple neuroblastoma in the literature published in English between 1966 and 1999. RESULTS Among these eight cases, five were detected by mass screening and three were incidental neuroblastomas. Histologically, all tumors were classified as ganglioneuroma or favorable neuroblastoma except one advanced case. All tumors lacked the MYCN gene amplification and expressed NTRAK1 mRNA and Ha-ras p21 protein. Cellular DNA content showed that half of these tumors were near-triploid, and the proliferative index (%S-phase) of all tumors was less than 25%. High telomerase activity was detected in none of these cases. Four patients underwent multistage operation and five patients with bilateral adrenal neuroblastomas underwent tumor enucleation to preserve adrenal function. Currently, all patients are disease free and none have required corticosteroid replacement therapy. Among the previously reported 53 cases with multifocal neuroblastoma, 25 were incidentally detected, 18 had familiar history, and most patients without other major complications also had extremely good prognoses. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that most multifocal neuroblastomas have favorable biologic features. Clinically, surgical approaches should be attempted to preserve organ function, especially adrenal function, and minimal invasive surgery should be performed. In cases of thoracoabdominal neuroblastoma, multistage surgery is effective and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hiyama
- Department of General Medicine, Hiroshima University, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Hiroshima, Japan
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33
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Ooiwa H, Miyazawa T, Yamanishi Y, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Yamakido M. Successful treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and pulmonary hypertension with intravenous prostaglandin I2 followed by its oral analogue. Intern Med 2000; 39:320-3. [PMID: 10801148 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.39.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is sometimes reported to complicate fatal pulmonary hypertension. A 46-year-old woman, with a ten-year history of SLE and pulmonary hypertension, was admitted to our hospital complaining of dyspnea and chest pain. She suffered pulmonary hemorrhage and after steroid pulse therapy, she underwent continuous intravenous infusion of epoprostenol (prostaglandin I2) with corticosteroid for four weeks, which reduced the pulmonary artery pressure and resistance. Following the successful treatment, beraprost sodium, an oral PGI2 analogue, was given and it maintained pulmonary hypertension remittance for four years.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Angiography
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Epoprostenol/administration & dosage
- Epoprostenol/therapeutic use
- Female
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/complications
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Infusions, Intravenous
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnostic imaging
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy
- Middle Aged
- Prednisolone/administration & dosage
- Prednisolone/therapeutic use
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ooiwa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hiroshima City Hospital
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34
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Tamagawa K, Taooka Y, Maeda A, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Yamakido M. Inhibitory effects of a lecithinized superoxide dismutase on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161:1279-84. [PMID: 10764324 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.161.4.9906099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Therefore, antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), are expected to have an inhibitory potential against IPF. To elucidate whether a lecithinized SOD (phosphatidylcholine [PC]-SOD) has the potential to be a new therapeutic agent for IPF, we investigated the inhibitory effects of PC-SOD at doses of 1 mg/kg/d (low dose) and 10 mg/kg/d (high dose) and of methylprednisolone (mPSL) on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Histopathologic evaluation and lung hydroxyproline content revealed that the severity of fibrosis was attenuated in mice treated with low-dose PC-SOD, whereas no significant effect was observed in other mice. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid on Day 1 after treatment with BLM, BLM-induced increases in total cell number, populations of lymphocytes and neutrophils, and expression of messenger RNA for interleukin-1beta and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A were significantly suppressed in PC-SOD-treated mice. The suppression of PDGF-A expression was significantly greater in mice treated with low-dose PC-SOD than in mice treated with high-dose PC-SOD or mPSL. In summary, this study demonstrated the inhibitory effects of low-dose PC-SOD on the development of pulmonary fibrosis, which indicates the potential usefulness of PC-SOD as a new treatment agent for IPF or at least for BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tamagawa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Hiroshima, Japan
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35
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Ishioka S, Nakamura K, Maeda A, Hiyama K, Watanabe K, Maeda H, Hayakawa N, Yamakido M. Clinical evaluation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular disease using logistic regression analysis. Intern Med 2000; 39:213-9. [PMID: 10772122 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.39.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the differences in the clinical features between idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular diseases (CVD-IP). METHODS Symptoms, radiographic findings, pulmonary function, blood chemistry data including autoantibody, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) findings were compared using multiple logistic regression analysis. PATIENTS The subjects were 44 patients clinically diagnosed with IIP and 33 patients with CVD-IP. RESULTS The clinical features related to IIP were as follows: male sex, advanced age, past history of hypertension, presence of cough, exertional dyspnea, digital clubbing, an increased level of gamma-globulin, decreased lung volume on chest X-ray, and typical type according to the criteria for IIP on chest X-ray. Increased levels of rheumatoid factor and total cell number in BALF were related to CVD-IP. CONCLUSION These findings are considered to be useful to differentiate IIP and CVD-IP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine
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36
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Murakami I, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Yamakido M, Kasagi F, Yokosaki Y. p53 gene mutations are associated with shortened survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: an analysis of medically managed patients. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6:526-30. [PMID: 10690534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the p53 gene are common in many cancers. Nevertheless, the relationship between mutations of this tumor suppressor gene and patient survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Interpretation of prior studies of patient outcomes are complicated by the inclusion of both surgical and nonsurgical patients. To better isolate the potential effects of p53 gene mutations per se on tumor progression, we chose to examine patients with advanced disease in whom surgery was not performed (stages IIIA, IIIB, and IV). We have used PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, a sensitive and specific method for the detection of a variety of p53 mutations in cytology or biopsy specimens, to evaluate the prognostic significance of p53 gene mutations in nonsurgical patients with advanced NSCLC. In 70 consecutive medical patients, p53 mutations were found in 29 cases (41%) at the time of initial diagnosis. Followed prospectively, patients with p53 mutations had a significantly reduced survival time after diagnosis than those without mutations (median survival, 17 versus 39 weeks; P = 0.0003) independent of other clinical factors. This abbreviated survival occurred in both patients who received chemotherapy (n = 39, P = 0.002) or best supportive care (n = 31, P = 0.018). These results indicate that mutations of the p53 gene in patients with NSCLC who do not undergo surgical resection portends a significantly worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Murakami
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hiroshima Hospital, Higashi, Japan
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37
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Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis. While an elevated incidence of lung cancer has been observed in patients with RA or psoriasis, there has been no report of psoriatic arthritis associated with lung cancer. We here report the first case of psoriatic arthritis which developed lung cancer. In this case, it was suspected that a combination of cigarette smoking, pulmonary fibrosis, and low-dose methotrexate therapy might have promoted the development of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Minami-ku
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38
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Yoshikawa M, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Maeda H, Maeda A, Yamakido M. Microsomal epoxide hydrolase genotypes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Japanese. Int J Mol Med 2000; 5:49-53. [PMID: 10601573 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.5.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the gene for microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEPHX), an enzyme involved in the protective mechanism against oxidative stress, have been reported to be associated with individual susceptibility to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The polymorphisms in exons 3 and 4 in the mEPHX gene were examined in a total of 358 Japanese individuals, including 40 patients with COPD and 71 patients with lung cancer. The overall frequencies of variant allele for mEPHX codons 113 (exon 3) and 139 (exon 4) were 44% and 14%, respectively. Moreover, a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (estimated allele frequency: 0.29) was identified in Japanese at 20 bp downstream of the codon 113 polymorphism with strong linkage disequilibrium with the wild allele for codon 113. While the frequencies of variant allele and proportions of individuals homozygous variant for codon 113, assumed having very slow mEPHX activity, were similar among COPD or lung cancer patients and the control population, they were significantly higher in patients with severe COPD than in those with mild COPD [P=0.0225, odds ratio 2.9 (95%CI 1.1-7.4); P=0.0350, respectively]. Thus, we found that the frequency of the variant allele for mEPHX codon 113 is higher in Japanese than that in Caucasians (P=0.0028), a novel silent polymorphism exists in exon 3 and shows strong linkage disequilibrium with the wild allele for codon 113, and individual homozygous variants for codon 113 may be associated with development of advanced COPD rather than the susceptibility to COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yoshikawa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Hiroshima, Japan
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39
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Abstract
Adult onset Still's disease is recognized as an adult variant of the systemic form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, whose disease-predisposition is still debated. On the other hand, the association between HLA subtypes and several groups of seronegative arthritis including psoriatic arthritis has been well documented. This report describes a family where adult onset Still's disease in a young man and psoriatic arthritis in his father were seen. Both patients were HLA-B39-positive, which was likely playing important pathogenic roles in the latter case. Clinical and immunological aspects of HLA-B39-related inflammatory diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maeda
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine
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40
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Maeda A, Ishioka S, Taooka Y, Hiyama K, Yamakido M. Expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in bronchoalveolar lavage cells in murine pulmonary fibrosis after intraperitoneal administration of bleomycin. Respirology 1999; 4:359-63. [PMID: 10612569 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1843.1999.00205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We previously observed increased expression of interleukin-1beta, platelet-derived growth factor-A, and insulin-like growth factor-I in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells during the development of pulmonary fibrosis after an intraperitoneal administration of bleomycin in mice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 in this model. METHODOLOGY We investigated the mRNA expression levels of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 in BAL cells of Institute for Cancer Research mice after 10 days of the intraperitoneal administration of bleomycin with or without treatment with a specific neutrophil elastase inhibitor, ONO-5046 x Na. RESULTS On day 1 but not on days 15 and 29, the relative amount of TGF-beta1 mRNA in the bleomycin-treated mice was significantly decreased compared with control mice. In the mice treated with both bleomycin and ONO-5046 x Na intermediate values for TGF-beta1 were obtained. No significant differences in TNF-alpha expression were observed in any of the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a reduced expression of TGF-beta1 in BAL cells in the early phase may be important during the development of murine pulmonary fibrosis induced by an intraperitoneal administration of bleomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maeda
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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41
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Abstract
Disease activity in Japanese sarcoidosis patients is generally mild. However, the pulmonary sarcoidosis coexisting with connective tissue disease is likely to be progressive. We report here three cases of sarcoidosis coexisting with connective tissue diseases, who developed pulmonary manifestations from stage II to stage III.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine
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42
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) is a cytosolic enzyme that preferentially catalyzes the S-methylation of aromatic and heterocyclic sulfhydryl compounds, including Azathioprine (AZA). It has been reported that the level of AZA toxicity is dependent on the TPMT genotypes in Caucasian individuals; we thus investigated this relationship in Japanese. METHODS The TPMT genotype was determined using peripheral blood cell DNA obtained from 36 Japanese patients with rheumatic diseases who were treated with AZA, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Duration of AZA administration, white blood cell counts before and after AZA administration, and side effects were investigated in each subject, and were compared between the patients with or without TPMT mutation. RESULTS The TPMT allelotype was TPMT*1/TPMT*1 in 33 (91.7%) and TPMT*1/TPMT*3C in 3 (8.3%) individuals. All 3 patients (100%) with the mutant TPMT allele (TPMT*3C) discontinued AZA treatment due to leucopenia while only 4 patients (12%) without mutant TPMT alleles showed leucopenia (p=0.0049, Fisher's exact test). However, leucopenia developed relatively late in patients with mutant TPMT. CONCLUSION The TPMT mutant allele, TPMT*3C, also exists in Japanese individuals, and the bone marrow toxicity of AZA is likely stronger in patients with this mutant allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Kasumi
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43
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Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Extensive investigations of granulomas have suggested several possible causes, but these are still controversial. We previously developed an anti-Kveim monoclonal antibody, IHY-1, which reacts with sarcoid granulomas as well as with epithelioid cells of various granulomatous diseases including tuberculosis. In the present study, we developed 2 new anti-Kveim monoclonal antibodies, IHY-2 and IHY-3, which react with epithelioid cells in sarcoidosis but not in tuberculosis. These antibodies reacted with a small population of alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis by flow cytometry, as well as with most epithelioid cells in sarcoid granulomas by immunoperoxidase technique, suggesting that these cells expressed the antigen present in the Kveim reagent. Although the antigens recognized by these antibodies have not yet been identified, these monoclonal antibodies might become useful tools to elucidate the etiology of sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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44
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Ishioka S, Hozawa S, Haruta Y, Hiyama K, Maeda A, Yamakido M. Pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene antagonist, reduces serum eosinophil cationic protein levels in patients with asthma. Hiroshima J Med Sci 1999; 48:105-10. [PMID: 10804983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are considered to be important mediators involved in bronchial asthma and the ensuing eosinophilic inflammation. We evaluated the effects of pranlukast, a potent and selective cysLT receptor antagonist, on the clinical course and serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels of 10 asthmatic patients. A four-week administration of pranlukast increased the morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) (p = 0.007) and decreased as-needed beta 2-agonist use (p = 0.021). Changes in the morning PEF inversely correlated with those in the serum ECP levels (r = -0.80, p = 0.0057). These results suggest that cysLTs are important mediators involved in eosinophilic inflammation, a major pathophysiologic feature of bronchial asthma in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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45
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Yamanishi Y, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Maeda H, Yamanaka T, Kurose Y, Yamakido M. Telomerase activity in the synovial tissues of chronic inflammatory and non-inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Int J Mol Med 1999; 4:513-7. [PMID: 10534574 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.4.5.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex which can compensate for telomeric loss originating from each cell division, and its activation plays a critical role in cellular immortality. We previously found that telomerase is activated not only in immortal cancer cells but also in activated lymphocytes. To assess the diagnostic significance of telomerase activity in RA synovial tissues, we quantitatively examined telomerase activity in synovial tissue samples obtained from 47 patients with RA, 31 with osteoarthritis (OA), and 23 with other joint diseases. Telomerase activity in synovial tissues was detected in 28 of 47 (59.6%) patients with RA, including monoarticular-type RA, but in none of those with other joint diseases except one case each of synovial chondromatosis and OA. Thus, the specificity of telomerase activity in synovial tissues for RA among joint diseases was 96.3% (52/54). In RA samples, the telomerase activity was detected in 14 of 27 (51. 9%) patients with total joint replacement, 7 of 12 (58.3%) open synovectomy cases, and 7 of 8 (87.5%) arthroscopic synovectomy cases. Detection of telomerase activity in synovial tissues is considered to be useful for diagnosis of RA, including monoarticular-type RA, or active inflammation with lymphocyte infiltration, and arthroscopy can be applied for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamanishi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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46
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Ishioka S, Nishisaka T, Maeda A, Hiyama K, Yamakido M. A case of group II non-specific interstitial pneumonia developed during corticosteroid therapy after acute respiratory distress syndrome. Respirology 1999; 4:283-5. [PMID: 10489675 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1843.1999.00191.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-specific interstitial pneumonia/fibrosis (NSIP) is a relatively new entity among idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. This disease is pathologically characterized by varying proportions of interstitial inflammation and fibrosis that appear to occur over a single, short period of time, and is clinically characterized by a generally good prognosis. Although corticosteroid therapy is widely considered to be effective for treatment of this disease, we report a case of Group II NSIP which developed during treatment with corticosteroid 4 months after acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This case suggests that any group of NSIP may be developed after ARDS, and that low-dose corticosteroid treatment is not sufficient to prevent the development of NSIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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47
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Konishi F, Maeda H, Yamanishi Y, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Yamakido M. Transcriptionally targeted in vivo gene therapy for carcinoembrionic antigen-producing adenocarcinoma. Hiroshima J Med Sci 1999; 48:79-89. [PMID: 10598410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Inoperable adenocarcinoma in colon or lung shows resistance to conventional anti-cancer therapy. For these cancers, the feasibility of transcriptionally targeted killing of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-producing adenocarcinoma cells was investigated. Adenovirus vectors carrying a CEA promoter to express E. coli lacZ (AdCEALacZ) or herpes simplex thymidine kinase (AdCEATK) were made and their in vitro and in vivo tumoricidal effects on CEA-producing or non-producing colon and lung cancer cells were evaluated. In vitro infection with AdCEALacZ showed significantly higher CEA promoter-driven lacZ expression in CEA-producing adenocarcinoma cells including VMRC-LCD and LoVo than in CEA-non-producing cells. AdCEATK-infected LoVo showed higher sensitivity to ganciclovir than control vector-infected LoVo or AdCEATK-infected HeLa both in vitro and in subcutaneously implanted tumors of nude mice. Moreover, total tumor elimination in vivo was achieved by either pre-infection of as few as 30% of cells comprising tumors or by direct in vivo injection of AdCEATK to pre-established LoVo tumors. In addition, CEA promoter-driven lacZ expression in LoVo cells was enhanced by the addition of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in vitro. These results provide a rationale for CEA-promoter-driven, adenovirus-mediated gene therapy for CEA-producing adenocarcinomas in colon and lung with reduced toxicity to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Konishi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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48
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Ishioka S, Maeda A, Hiyama K, Jougasaki Y, Yamakido M. Two asymptomatic cases with sarcoidosis demonstrated sequential evolution from radiographic stage I to III within five years. Hiroshima J Med Sci 1999; 48:101-3. [PMID: 10598414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
There are no guidelines regarding the treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Generally, oral corticosteroids are considered the first-line treatment for symptomatic patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. We report here two Japanese cases with pulmonary sarcoidosis who demonstrated sequential evolution from radiographic stage I to III within five years. Although these two cases had no symptoms, persistent, progressive pulmonary involvements were observed on chest X-ray. Considering the effectiveness of corticosteroids on patients with radiographic type II or III sarcoidosis reported by the British Thoracic Society, corticosteroid therapy might be a choice even in asymptomatic cases, if they demonstrate developing pulmonary involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishioka
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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49
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Sato H, Hiyama K, Ishioka S, Maeda H, Yamakido M. Alternative splicing, but not allelic loss, of the FHIT gene increases with development of lung cancer. Int J Oncol 1999; 15:81-8. [PMID: 10375597 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.15.1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The FHIT gene is considered to be a tumor suppressor gene, its role and inactivation mechanism remain unclear. We analyzed FHIT gene aberrations in 64 lung cancer tissues and found that the appearance of the aberrant FHIT transcripts depends on the condition of RT-PCR and high telomerase activity, shortened telomere length, and advanced pathological stage were likely associated with the prevalence of aberrant FHIT transcripts, but not with allelic loss of the FHIT gene. These observations would indicate that an additional unknown gene may exist, which is more responsible for the allelic loss around the FHIT gene locus.
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MESH Headings
- Acid Anhydride Hydrolases
- Alleles
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Small Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Small Cell/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human/ultrastructure
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, Tumor Suppressor
- Humans
- Loss of Heterozygosity
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Protein Biosynthesis
- Proteins/genetics
- RNA Splicing
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Telomerase/metabolism
- Telomere/ultrastructure
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sato
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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50
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Oshima M, Maeda A, Ishioka S, Hiyama K, Yamakido M. Expression of C-C chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage cells from patients with granulomatous lung diseases. Lung 1999; 177:229-40. [PMID: 10384061 DOI: 10.1007/pl00007643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To determine the role of C-C chemokines in the pathogenesis of granulomatous lung diseases, we studied the mRNA levels of C-C chemokines, regulated on activation normal T expressed and secreted (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells obtained from patients with sarcoidosis (n = 17), hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) (n = 4), and cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA) (n = 10) using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. The mRNA levels of RANTES, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta in BAL cells were significantly correlated with the lavaged lymphocyte proportion, and a significant inverse correlation was observed between the mRNA level of MIP-1beta and the CD4/CD8 ratio of lavaged lymphocytes. Among the three diseases, the mRNA levels of RANTES and MIP-1alpha were significantly higher in the patients with sarcoidosis or HP compared with those in the patients with CFA. The level of MIP-1beta mRNA was significantly higher in the HP patients compared with that in the patients with sarcoidosis or CFA. No significant differences were observed in the level of MCP-1 mRNA among the three diseases. Thus, RANTES and MIP-1alpha were suggested to be important in the pathogenesis of granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis and HP. MIP-1beta might play an important role in the pathogenesis of HP, mediating the recruitment of lymphocytes specific to HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oshima
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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