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Matsushima N, Otsubo Y, Aoi Y, Nakamura R, Kaneko S, Asakawa T, Matsuoka N, Watabe K, Komiyama O, Yamamoto H, Ando Y. Summary Report of a Public Workshop: Case Studies of Multi-Regional Clinical Trial Incorporating Concept of the ICH E17 Guideline. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024; 115:965-970. [PMID: 38251824 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
To further our understanding of the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) E17 guideline and promote effective implementation, a public workshop was held in Japan by regulatory agency and industry representatives. In this workshop, important concepts explained in the ICH E17 guideline, such as intrinsic/extrinsic ethnic factors that influence treatment effects ("effect modifiers") and the holistic evaluation of consistency of treatment effect were actively discussed through case studies. The importance of holistic evaluation of consistency was recognized, and it was concluded that the evaluation and relevant discussion should be shared with regulatory authorities, sponsors, and broader stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Matsushima
- Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacometrics, Global R&D, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan
- Data Science Expert Committee, Drug Evaluation Committee, Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuto Otsubo
- Office of New Drug II, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Aoi
- Office of New Drug V, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuta Nakamura
- Office of New Drug I, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kaneko
- Data Science Expert Committee, Drug Evaluation Committee, Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Tokyo, Japan
- Biostatistics Pharma, Global Drug Development Division, Analytics and Clinical Development Management Japan, Novartis Pharma K.K., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Asakawa
- Data Science Expert Committee, Drug Evaluation Committee, Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Tokyo, Japan
- Biometrics Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobushige Matsuoka
- Data Science Expert Committee, Drug Evaluation Committee, Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Tokyo, Japan
- Biometrics & Data Management, Pfizer R&D Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Watabe
- Data Science Expert Committee, Drug Evaluation Committee, Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Tokyo, Japan
- Data Science, Drug Development Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Komiyama
- Data Science Expert Committee, Drug Evaluation Committee, Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Tokyo, Japan
- Biometrics & Data Management, Pfizer R&D Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideharu Yamamoto
- Data Science Expert Committee, Drug Evaluation Committee, Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, Tokyo, Japan
- Biometrics Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ando
- Biostatistics Group, Center for Product Evaluation, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo, Japan
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Takeuchi H, Watabe K. Does short-term antipsychotic discontinuation of up to 3 weeks worsen symptoms in acute schizophrenia? A pooled analysis of placebo washout data. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 36700595 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to examine symptom changes during short-term discontinuation of antipsychotics up to 3 weeks including the placebo washout phase in acute schizophrenia. METHODS The data from three double-blind, randomized, controlled trials comparing lurasidone versus placebo in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia were analyzed. Symptom severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale (CGI-S) scores. The scores before and after the antipsychotic discontinuation phase were compared, and factors associated with score changes were explored. RESULTS Among 2154 patients participating in the trials, 600 who received antipsychotic monotherapy and completed the antipsychotic discontinuation phase were included in the analysis. No patients received clozapine. The mean duration of the discontinuation phase was 5.9 ± 2.5 days. The PANSS total and CGI-S scores significantly changed from 94.0 ± 9.5 to 95.4 ± 10.5 (P < 0.001) and from 4.9 ± 0.6 to 4.9 ± 0.7 (P = 0.041), respectively, during this phase; however, the absolute difference was minimal. The score changes were not associated with the type or dose of prior antipsychotics, or the duration or strategy (abrupt vs gradual) of antipsychotic discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Symptoms may not worsen to a clinically meaningful degree after short-term discontinuation of non-clozapine antipsychotics up to 3 weeks in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia, suggesting that antipsychotic efficacy persists at least several days after discontinuation. This finding supports once-daily dosing regimen of antipsychotics and abrupt antipsychotic discontinuation when switching to another antipsychotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Watabe
- Department of Data Science, Drug Development Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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Ishigooka J, Kato T, Miyajima M, Watabe K, Masuda T, Hagi K, Higuchi T. Corrigendum to "Lurasidone in the Long-Term Treatment of Bipolar I Depression: A 28-week Open Label Extension Study". [Journal of Affective Disorders 281 (2021) 160-167]. J Affect Disord 2022; 297:687. [PMID: 34548154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kei Watabe
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Teruhiko Higuchi
- Japan Depression Center, Tokyo, Japan; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
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Miura I, Watabe K, Sakaguchi R, Okamoto K, Maruyama H. Effectiveness of Lurasidone 80 mg in Patients with Schizophrenia: Results of an Open-Label, 12-Week Extension Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:2627-2637. [PMID: 36387943 PMCID: PMC9656454 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s380627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lurasidone 80 mg/day (versus the 40 mg/day dose) during a 12-week, open-label extension study in patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia who had completed a 6-week double-blind study of lurasidone. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 289 adult patients with schizophrenia completed the double-blind study and enrolled in the 12-week extension study. Lurasidone was flexibly dosed at 40 or 80 mg/day. Effectiveness measures included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) subscale scores, Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S), and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), analyzed based on last observation carried forward (LOCF-endpoint). Safety/tolerability assessments included adverse events, body weight, laboratory tests, and discontinuation due to adverse events. RESULTS Mean endpoint change was greater for lurasidone in modal doses of 80 mg/d (N=136) vs 40 mg/d (N=153) on the PANSS positive subscale (-3.0 vs -2.3), PANSS negative subscale (-1.9 vs -1.7), PANSS General Psychopathology subscale (-5.1 vs -3.8), the CGI-S score (-0.5 vs -0.4), and the CDSS score (-0.7 vs -0.1). Discontinuation rates due to adverse events on lurasidone modal 80 mg/d vs 40 mg/d were 4.4% vs 7.2%; and the most common adverse events in the modal 80 mg/d group were nasopharyngitis, 7.4% (vs 4.6% on modal 40 mg/d), constipation, 5.9% (vs 2.0%), and headache, 5.9% (vs 2.0%). CONCLUSION In patients with acute schizophrenia treated with lurasidone 40 mg/d, increasing the dose to 80 mg/d was well tolerated, and was associated with greater improvement in PANSS subscale scores compared to continued treatment with a dose of 40 mg/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itaru Miura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kei Watabe
- Department of Data Science, Drug Development Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Sakaguchi
- Department of Clinical Research, Drug Development Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okamoto
- Department of Clinical Operation, Drug Development Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
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Scott E, Chan M, Johnston H, Lanier C, LeCompte M, Cramer C, Ruiz J, Lo H, Watabe K, O'Neill S, Whitlow C, Laxton A, Su J. Upfront Immunotherapy at the Time of Metastatic Cancer Diagnosis Leads to Lower Brain Metastasis Velocity in Patient Undergoing Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ishigooka J, Kato T, Miyajima M, Watabe K, Masuda T, Hagi K, Higuchi T. Corrigendum to "Lurasidone in the Long-Term Treatment of Bipolar I Depression: A 28-week Open Label Extension Study". [Journal of Affective Disorders 281 (2021) 160-167]. J Affect Disord 2021; 292:789. [PMID: 34144849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kei Watabe
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Teruhiko Higuchi
- Japan Depression Center, Tokyo, Japan; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
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Higuchi T, Kato T, Miyajima M, Watabe K, Masuda T, Hagi K, Ishigooka J. Lurasidone in the long-term treatment of Japanese patients with bipolar I disorder: a 52 week open label study. Int J Bipolar Disord 2021; 9:25. [PMID: 34342746 PMCID: PMC8333182 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-021-00230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study evaluated the long-term (52 week) safety and impact on symptom measures of lurasidone (with or without lithium or valproate) for the treatment of bipolar I disorder in Japanese patients. Methods Bipolar patients for this open-label flexibly dosed lurasidone (20–120 mg/day) study were recruited from those with a recent/current depressive episode who completed an initial 6 week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, lurasidone study (depressed group), and those with a recent/current manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode (non-depressed group) who agreed to enroll directly into the long-term study. Measures of adverse events and safety included treatment-emergent adverse events, vital signs, body weight, ECG, laboratory tests, and measures of suicidality and extrapyramidal symptoms. Symptom measures included Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). Results The most common adverse events associated with lurasidone were akathisia (30.7%), nasopharyngitis (26.6%), nausea (12.1%), and somnolence (12.1%). Minimal changes in lipids and measures of glycemic control occurred. Mean change in body weight was + 1.0 kg in the non-depressed group and − 0.8 kg in the depressed group. MADRS total scores declined by a mean (SD) of 2.0 (14.7) points from long-term baseline to endpoint in the depressed group who had received placebo in the prior 6 week trial. The depressed group that had received lurasidone during the prior 6 week study maintained their depressive symptom improvements. For the non-depressed group, YMRS total scores decreased over time. Limitations No control group was included, treatment was open-label, and 49.7% of patients completed the 52 week study. Conclusions Long-term treatment with lurasidone 20–120 mg/day for Japanese patients with bipolar disorder maintained improvements in depressive symptoms for depressed patients who were treated in a prior 6 week trial and led to improvements in manic symptoms among a newly recruited subgroup of patients with a recent/current manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode. Few changes in weight or metabolic parameters were evident. Clinical trial registration: JapicCTI-132319, clinicaltrials.gov—NCT01986114. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40345-021-00230-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiko Higuchi
- Japan Depression Center, Tokyo, Japan.,The National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Miyajima
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd, 13-1, Kyobashi 1-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8356, Japan
| | - Kei Watabe
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd, 13-1, Kyobashi 1-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8356, Japan
| | - Takahiro Masuda
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd, 13-1, Kyobashi 1-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8356, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Hagi
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd, 13-1, Kyobashi 1-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-8356, Japan.
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Ishigooka J, Kato T, Miyajima M, Watabe K, Masuda T, Hagi K, Higuchi T. Lurasidone in the Long-Term Treatment of Bipolar I Depression: A 28-week Open Label Extension Study. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:160-167. [PMID: 33321381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lurasidone has demonstrated efficacy for short-term treatment of bipolar depression in a diverse ethnic population including Japanese. This study evaluated the long-term safety and effectiveness of open-label lurasidone treatment in these patients. METHODS Patients for this 28-week extension study were recruited from those who completed a 6-week double-blind study of lurasidone, 20-60 mg/day, lurasidone 80-120 mg/day, and placebo. In the extension study, lurasidone was flexibly dosed (20 to 120 mg/day). Safety was evaluated in terms of change from extension-phase baseline to endpoint including adverse events, vital signs, body weight, ECG, laboratory tests, and measures of suicidality and extrapyramidal symptoms. Effectiveness was determined by Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and other measures. RESULTS 303 of 413 (73.3%) subjects completed the extension study. Discontinuation due to a treatment-emergent adverse event occurred for 11.4% of those who received placebo, and 8.9% of those who received lurasidone, in the prior 6-week trial. The most common treatment-emergent adverse event was akathisia. Minimal changes were evident on body weight and metabolic parameters. Long-term treatment with lurasidone further reduced mean MADRS total scores from long-term baseline to week 28 (or endpoint) for both those who had received prior placebo (-11.3), and those who had receive prior lurasidone (-8.9), in the 6-week double-blind trial. LIMITATIONS There was no placebo control and treatment was not double-blind. CONCLUSIONS Long-term treatment with lurasidone (20-120 mg/day) was well-tolerated with no new safety concerns and associated with continued improvement in depressive symptoms in this international sample of patients with bipolar depression. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION JapicCTI-132319, clinicaltrials.gov - NCT01986114.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kei Watabe
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Teruhiko Higuchi
- Japan Depression Center, Tokyo, Japan; National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan
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Kato T, Ishigooka J, Miyajima M, Watabe K, Fujimori T, Masuda T, Higuchi T, Vieta E. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of lurasidone monotherapy for the treatment of bipolar I depression. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 74:635-644. [PMID: 32827348 PMCID: PMC7756283 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Previous studies conducted primarily in the USA and Europe have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of lurasidone 20-120 mg/day for the treatment of bipolar I depression. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lurasidone monotherapy for the treatment of bipolar I depression among patients from diverse ethnic backgrounds, including those from Japan. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment for 6 weeks with lurasidone, 20-60 mg/day (n = 184) or 80-120 mg/day (n = 169), or placebo (n = 172). The primary end-point was change from baseline to Week 6 on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). RESULTS Lurasidone treatment significantly reduced mean MADRS total scores from baseline to Week 6 for the 20-60-mg/day group (-13.6; adjusted P = 0.007; effect size = 0.33), but not for the 80-120-mg/day group (-12.6; adjusted P = 0.057; effect size = 0.22) compared with placebo (-10.6). Treatment with lurasidone 20-60 mg/day also improved MADRS response rates, functional impairment, and anxiety symptoms. The most common adverse events associated with lurasidone were akathisia and nausea. Lurasidone treatments were associated with minimal changes in weight, lipids, and measures of glycemic control. CONCLUSION Monotherapy with once daily doses of lurasidone 20-60 mg, but not 80-120 mg, significantly reduced depressive symptoms and improved functioning in patients with bipolar I depression. Results overall were consistent with previous studies, suggesting that lurasidone 20-60 mg/day is effective and safe in diverse ethnic populations, including Japanese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
| | | | | | - Kei Watabe
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Fujimori
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.,Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Marlborough, USA
| | | | - Teruhiko Higuchi
- Japan Depression Center, Tokyo, Japan.,The National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
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Iwata N, Ishigooka J, Kim WH, Yoon BH, Lin SK, Sulaiman AH, Cosca R, Wang L, Suchkov Y, Agarkov A, Watabe K, Matsui T, Sato T, Inoue Y, Higuchi T, Correll CU, Kane JM. Efficacy and safety of blonanserin transdermal patch in patients with schizophrenia: A 6-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Schizophr Res 2020; 215:408-415. [PMID: 31471246 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blonanserin is a second-generation antipsychotic used for the treatment of schizophrenia. This study determined the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of a blonanserin transdermal patch in patients with acutely exacerbated schizophrenia. METHODS This double-blind, multicenter, phase 3 study consisted of a 1-week observation period during which patients were treated with two patches of placebo, followed by a 6-week double-blind period where patients were randomized (1:1:1) to receive once-daily blonanserin 40 mg, blonanserin 80 mg, or placebo patches. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in the total Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) score. Safety assessments included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). RESULTS Between December 2014 and October 2018, patients were recruited and randomly assigned to blonanserin 40 mg (n = 196), blonanserin 80 mg (n = 194), or placebo (n = 190); of these, 77.2% completed the study. Compared with placebo, blonanserin significantly improved PANSS total scores at 6 weeks (least square mean [LSM] difference vs placebo: -5.6 with blonanserin 40 mg; 95% confidence interval [CI] -9.6, -1.6; adjusted p = 0.007, and - 10.4 with blonanserin 80 mg; 95% CI -14.4, -6.4; adjusted p < 0.001). Blonanserin was well tolerated; the most common TEAEs reported were application-site erythema and pruritus, akathisia, tremor, and insomnia. CONCLUSIONS Blonanserin transdermal patch improved the symptoms of acute schizophrenia with acceptable tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakao Iwata
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake-shi, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Jun Ishigooka
- Institute of CNS Pharmacology, 4-26-11, Sendagaya, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo 151-0051, Japan.
| | - Won-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, 27, Inhang-ro, Jung-gu Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Naju National Hospital, 1328-31 Senam-ro, Sanpo-myeon, Naju-City, Jeonnam 58213, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shih-Ku Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Hospital and Psychiatric Center, No.309, Songde Rd., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City 110, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rowena Cosca
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Visayas Medical Center, Q. Abeto St., Mandurriao, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Mood Disorders, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Liulin Road 13, Hexi District, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Yury Suchkov
- Departments of Psychiatric Hospital, SBHI of Nizhny Novgorod Region "Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No. 1 of Nizhny Novgorod", 41 Ulianova St., Nizhny Novgorod 603155, Russia
| | - Alexey Agarkov
- Research Center of Mental Health, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Aleutskaya St., Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Kei Watabe
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 13-1, Kyobashi 1-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8356, Japan
| | - Tomohito Matsui
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 13-1, Kyobashi 1-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8356, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sato
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 13-1, Kyobashi 1-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8356, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Inoue
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 13-1, Kyobashi 1-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8356, Japan.
| | - Teruhiko Higuchi
- Japan Depression Center, 1-7, Rokubancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0085, Japan
| | - Christoph U Correll
- Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 75-59 263rd Street Glen Oaks, New York 11004, USA; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, 75-59 263rd Street Glen Oaks, New York 11004, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - John M Kane
- Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 75-59 263rd Street Glen Oaks, New York 11004, USA; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, 75-59 263rd Street Glen Oaks, New York 11004, USA
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LeCompte M, Hughes R, Farris M, Lanier C, Masters A, Soike M, Cramer C, Watabe K, Su J, Ruiz J, Laxton A, Tatter S, Chan M. Impact of Salvage Modality on Neurologic Death for Distant Brain Failure after Initial Stereotactic Radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lanier C, LeCompte M, Glenn C, Hughes R, Isom S, Jenkins W, Cramer C, Xing F, Lo H, O'Neill S, Ruiz J, Watabe K, Chan M, Tatter S, Laxton A. Laser-Interstitial Thermal Therapy as a Novel and Effective Treatment in Radiation Necrosis Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery to the Brain. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Shenker R, Hughes R, McTyre E, Lanier C, Lo H, Metheny-Barlow L, Thomas A, Brown D, Avery T, Pasche B, Cramer C, Tatter S, Laxton A, Watabe K, Chan M. Potential Prognostic Markers for Survival and Neurologic Death in Patients with Breast Cancer Brain Metastases who Receive upfront SRS Alone. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Hughes R, Masters A, McTyre E, Farris M, Chung C, Page B, Kleinberg L, Hepel J, Contessa J, Chiang V, Ruiz J, Watabe K, Su J, Fiveash J, Braunstein S, Chao S, Attia A, Ayala-Peacock D, Chan M. Initial SRS for Patients with 5-15 Brain Metastases: Results of a Multi-Institutional Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Dohm A, Su J, McTyre E, Soike M, Miller L, Petty W, Xing F, Lo H, Metheny-Barlow L, Watabe K, Chan M, Ruiz J, Pasche B. Determination of Tumor Gene Expression in Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Who Develop Brain Metastasis Diagnosis: Analysis of a Prospective Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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LeCompte M, McTyre E, Henson A, Farris M, Okoukoni C, Cramer C, Triozzi P, Munley M, Qasem S, Xing F, Watabe K, Laxton A, Tatter S, Chan M. Survival and Failure Outcomes Predicted By Brain Metastasis Kinetics Following Initial Distant Brain Failure in Melanoma Patients Treated Upfront with Stereotactic Radiosurgery Alone. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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McTyre E, Farris M, Ayala-Peacock D, Page B, Shen C, Kleinberg L, Contessa J, Chung C, Ruiz J, Pasche B, Watabe K, Fiveash J, Hepel J, Chao S, Braunstein S, Attia A, Chan M. Multi-institutional Validation of Brain Metastasis Velocity, a Recently Defined Predictor of Outcomes Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Henson A, Ayala-Peacock D, Chung C, Hepel J, Chao S, Contessa J, Fiveash J, Attia A, McTyre E, Braunstein S, Page B, Shen C, Kleinberg L, Watabe K, Pasche B, D'Agostino R, Chan M. DBF 2.0: A Web-Based Predictive Model for Distant Brain Failure, Brain Metastasis Velocity, and Early Death After Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hughes R, McTyre E, LeCompte M, Cramer C, Munley M, Laxton A, Tatter S, Ruiz J, Pasche B, Watabe K, Chan M. Clinical Outcomes of Upfront Stereotactic Radiosurgery Alone for Patients With Greater Than 4 Brain Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Nakamura T, Ushigome H, Watabe K, Imanishi Y, Masuda K, Matsuyama T, Harada S, Koshino K, Iida T, Nobori S, Yoshimura N. Influences of Pre-formed Donor-Specific Anti–Human Leukocyte Antigen Antibodies in Living-Donor Renal Transplantation: Results With Graft Immunocomplex Capture Fluorescence Analysis. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:955-958. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Loebel A, Silva R, Goldman R, Watabe K, Cucchiaro J, Citrome L, Kane JM. Lurasidone Dose Escalation in Early Nonresponding Patients With Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. J Clin Psychiatry 2016; 77:1672-1680. [PMID: 27454547 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.16m10698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of dose increase in adult patients with schizophrenia who demonstrate inadequate initial response to standard-dose lurasidone and to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose lurasidone in adult patients with schizophrenia. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted between May 2013 and June 2014, hospitalized patients with acute schizophrenia (DSM-IV-TR criteria) were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with lurasidone 20 mg/d (n = 101), lurasidone 80 mg/d (n = 199), or placebo (n = 112). Nonresponders to lurasidone 80 mg/d (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale [PANSS] score decrease < 20%) at 2 weeks were re-randomized to lurasidone 80 mg/d or 160 mg/d for the remaining 4 weeks of the study. The primary outcome measure was change from baseline to week 6 in PANSS total score. RESULTS In nonresponders to lurasidone 80 mg/d (n = 95), dose increase to 160 mg/d at week 2 significantly reduced PANSS total score at week 6 study endpoint compared with continuing 80 mg/d (-16.6 vs -8.9; P < .05 [effect size = 0.52]). While a comparable magnitude of improvement was observed in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score from week 2 to week 6 endpoint for lurasidone 160 mg/d versus 80 mg/d (-1.0 vs -0.6; effect size = 0.44), the difference was not statistically significant (P = .052). Patients receiving lurasidone 20 mg/d did not demonstrate significant improvement compared with placebo at week 6 in PANSS total (-17.6 vs -14.5; P = .26) or CGI-S (-0.93 vs -0.73; P = .17) scores. Few dose-related adverse effects associated with lurasidone were observed. CONCLUSIONS In adult patients with schizophrenia demonstrating nonresponse to 2 weeks of treatment with lurasidone 80 mg/d, dose increase to 160 mg/d resulted in significant symptom improvement compared with continuing lurasidone 80 mg/d. Lurasidone 20 mg/d was not associated with significant improvement in psychotic symptoms in adult patients with schizophrenia. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01821378.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Loebel
- Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc, One Bridge Plaza North, Ste 510, Fort Lee, NJ 07024. .,Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Fort Lee, New Jersey, and Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Silva
- Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Fort Lee, New Jersey, and Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Goldman
- Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Fort Lee, New Jersey, and Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kei Watabe
- Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Fort Lee, New Jersey, and Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Josephine Cucchiaro
- Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Fort Lee, New Jersey, and Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leslie Citrome
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - John M Kane
- Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks; and Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra North Shore-Long Island Jewish School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York, USA
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22
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Farris M, McTyre E, Hughes R, Ayala-Peacock D, Randolph D, Bourland J, Tatter S, Laxton A, Watabe K, Ruiz J, Li W, Zhou X, Chan M. Brain Metastasis Velocity: A Novel Prognostic Metric Predictive of Overall Survival and Freedom From Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy After Upfront Radiosurgery Alone for Brain Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Gupta SC, Singh R, Asters M, Liu J, Zhang X, Pabbidi MR, Watabe K, Mo YY. Regulation of breast tumorigenesis through acid sensors. Oncogene 2016; 35:4102-11. [PMID: 26686084 PMCID: PMC6450404 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The low extracellular pH in the microenvironment has been shown to promote tumor growth and metastasis; however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Particularly, little is known how the tumor cell senses the acidic signal to activate the acidosis-mediated signaling. In this study, we show that breast cancer cells express acid-sensing ion channel 1 (ASIC1), a proton-gated cation channel primarily expressed in the nervous system. RNA interference, knockout and rescue experiments demonstrate a critical role for ASIC1 in acidosis-induced reactive oxidative species and NF-κB activation, two key events for tumorigenesis. Mechanistically, ASIC1 is required for acidosis-mediated signaling through calcium influx. We show that as a cytoplasmic membrane protein, ASIC1 is also associated with mitochondria, suggesting that ASIC1 may regulate mitochondrial calcium influx. Importantly, interrogation of the Cancer Genome Atlas breast invasive carcinoma data set indicates that alterations of ASIC1 alone or combined with other 4 ASIC genes are significantly correlated with poor patient survival. Furthermore, ASIC1 inhibitors cause a significant reduction of tumor growth and tumor load. Together, these results suggest that ASIC1 contributes to breast cancer pathogenesis in response to acidic tumor microenvironments, and ASIC1 may serve as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Gupta
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - R Singh
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - M Asters
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - J Liu
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - X Zhang
- Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - M R Pabbidi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - K Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Y-Y Mo
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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24
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Singh R, Gupta SC, Peng WX, Zhou N, Pochampally R, Atfi A, Watabe K, Lu Z, Mo YY. Regulation of alternative splicing of Bcl-x by BC200 contributes to breast cancer pathogenesis. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2262. [PMID: 27277684 PMCID: PMC5143396 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BC200 is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that has been implicated in the regulation of protein synthesis, yet whether dysregulation of BC200 contributes to the pathogenesis of human diseases remains elusive. In this study, we show that BC200 is upregulated in breast cancer; among breast tumor specimens there is a higher level of BC200 in estrogen receptor (ER) positive than in ER-negative tumors. Further experiments show that activation of estrogen signaling induces expression of BC200. To determine the significance of ER-regulated BC200 expression, we knockout (KO) BC200 by CRISPR/Cas9. BC200 KO suppresses tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo by expression of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-xS isoform. Mechanistically, BC200 contains a 17-nucleotide sequence complementary to Bcl-x pre-mRNA, which may facilitate its binding to Bcl-x pre-mRNA and recruitment of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1, a known splicing factor. Consequently, hnRNP A2/B1 interferes with association of Bcl-x pre-mRNA with the Bcl-xS-promoting factor Sam68, leading to a blockade of Bcl-xS expression. Together, these results suggest that BC200 plays an oncogenic role in breast cancer. Thus, BC200 may serve as a prognostic marker and possible target for attenuating deregulated cell proliferation in estrogen-dependent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - S C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - W-X Peng
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - N Zhou
- System Biosciences, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Pochampally
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - A Atfi
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - K Watabe
- Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Bermuda Run, NC, USA
| | - Z Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y-Y Mo
- Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology and Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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25
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Loebel A, Silva R, Goldman R, Watabe K, Pikalov A, Cucchiaro J, Kane J. Optimizing Treatment with Lurasidone in Patients with Schizophrenia: Results of a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)32096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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26
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Xing F, Sharma S, Liu Y, Mo YY, Wu K, Zhang YY, Pochampally R, Martinez LA, Lo HW, Watabe K. miR-509 suppresses brain metastasis of breast cancer cells by modulating RhoC and TNF-α. Oncogene 2015; 34:4890-900. [PMID: 25659578 PMCID: PMC4530094 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The median survival time of breast cancer patients with brain metastasis is less than 6 months, and even a small metastatic lesion often causes severe neurological disabilities. Because of the location of metastatic lesions, a surgical approach is limited and most chemotherapeutic drugs are ineffective due to the blood brain barrier (BBB). Despite this clinical importance, the molecular basis of the brain metastasis is poorly understood. In this study, we have isolated RNA from samples obtained from primary breast tumors and also from brain metastatic lesions followed by microRNA profiling analysis. Our results revealed that the miR-509 is highly expressed in the primary tumors, while the expression of this microRNA is significantly decreased in the brain metastatic lesions. MicroRNA target prediction and the analysis of cytokine array for the cells ectopically expressed with miR-509 demonstrated that this microRNA was capable of modulating two genes essential for brain invasion, RhoC and TNFα that affect the invasion of cancer cells and permeability of BBB, respectively. Importantly, high levels of TNFα and RhoC-induced MMP9 were significantly correlated with brain metastasis-free survival of breast cancer patients. Furthermore, the results of our in vivo experiments indicate that miR-509 significantly suppressed the ability of cancer cells to metastasize to the brain. These findings suggest that miR-509 plays a critical role in brain metastasis of breast cancer by modulating the RhoC-TNFα network and that this miR-509 axis may represent a potential therapeutic target or serve as a prognostic tool for brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Xing
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - S Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Y-Y Mo
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - K Wu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Y-Y Zhang
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - R Pochampally
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - L A Martinez
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - H-W Lo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - K Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Kowalska T, Hobo T, Watabe K, Gil-Av E. Gas chromatography on a self-associating component of a binary phase. Retention model by formal analogy with conductance of electrolytes in dilute solution. Chromatographia 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02688029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Huang J, Zhou N, Watabe K, Lu Z, Wu F, Xu M, Mo YY. Long non-coding RNA UCA1 promotes breast tumor growth by suppression of p27 (Kip1). Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1008. [PMID: 24457952 PMCID: PMC4040676 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Functional genomics studies have led to the discovery of a large amount of non-coding RNAs from the human genome; among them are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs could have a critical role in the regulation of cellular processes such as cell growth and apoptosis as well as cancer progression and metastasis. As master gene regulators, lncRNAs are capable of forming lncRNA–protein (ribonucleoprotein) complexes to regulate a large number of genes. For example, lincRNA-RoR suppresses p53 in response to DNA damage through interaction with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein I (hnRNP I). The present study demonstrates that hnRNP I can also form a functional ribonucleoprotein complex with lncRNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) and increase the UCA1 stability. Of interest, the phosphorylated form of hnRNP I, predominantly in the cytoplasm, is responsible for the interaction with UCA1. Moreover, although hnRNP I enhances the translation of p27 (Kip1) through interaction with the 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) of p27 mRNAs, the interaction of UCA1 with hnRNP I suppresses the p27 protein level by competitive inhibition. In support of this finding, UCA1 has an oncogenic role in breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we show a negative correlation between p27 and UCA in the breast tumor cancer tissue microarray. Together, our results suggest an important role of UCA1 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Huang
- 1] Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA [2] Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - N Zhou
- 1] Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA [2] Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - K Watabe
- 1] Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA [2] Department of Microbiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Z Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - F Wu
- System Biosciences, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Y-Y Mo
- 1] Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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Pandey PR, Xing F, Sharma S, Watabe M, Pai SK, Iiizumi-Gairani M, Fukuda K, Hirota S, Mo YY, Watabe K. Elevated lipogenesis in epithelial stem-like cell confers survival advantage in ductal carcinoma in situ of breast cancer. Oncogene 2012. [PMID: 23208501 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Upregulation of lipogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and blocking the lipogenic pathway is known to cause tumor cell death by apoptosis. However, the exact role of lipogenesis in tumor initiation is as yet poorly understood. We examined the expression profile of key lipogenic genes in clinical samples of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of breast cancer and found that these genes were significantly upregulated in DCIS. We also isolated cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) from DCIS.com cell line using cell surface markers (CS24(-)CD44(+)ESA(+)) and found that this cell population has significantly higher tumor-initiating ability to generate DCIS compared with the non-stem-like population. Furthermore, the CSCs showed significantly higher level of expression of all lipogenic genes than the counterpart population from non-tumorigenic breast cancer cell line, MCF10A. Importantly, ectopic expression of SREBP1, the master regulator of lipogenic genes, in MCF10A significantly enhanced lipogenesis in stem-like cells and promoted cell growth as well as mammosphere formation. Moreover, SREBP1 expression significantly increased the ability of cell survival of CSCs from MCF10AT, another cell line that is capable of generating DCIS, in mouse and in cell culture. These results indicate that upregulation of lipogenesis is a pre-requisite for DCIS formation by endowing the ability of cell survival. We have also shown that resveratrol was capable of blocking the lipogenic gene expression in CSCs and significantly suppressed their ability to generate DCIS in animals, which provides us with a strong rationale to use this agent for chemoprevention against DCIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Pandey
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
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Yamamoto S, Nishida T, Tsujii M, Kato M, Hayashi Y, Kondo J, Inoue T, Akasaka T, Yamada T, Watabe K, Takehara T. Epstein-Barr virus-associated early gastric cancer presenting as an elevated lesion. Endoscopy 2012; 44 Suppl 2 UCTN:E222-3. [PMID: 22622756 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1309353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Hashimoto K, Hayashi Y, Watabe K, Inuzuka T, Hozumi I. Metallothionein-III prevents neuronal death and prolongs life span in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model mice. Neuroscience 2011; 189:293-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Revised: 04/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kitanaka N, Kitanaka J, Watabe K, Takemura M. Low-dose pretreatment with clorgyline decreases the levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in the striatum and nucleus accumbens and attenuates methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in rats. Neuroscience 2010; 165:1370-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hong FL, Musha M, Takamoto M, Inaba H, Yanagimachi S, Takamizawa A, Watabe K, Ikegami T, Imae M, Fujii Y, Amemiya M, Nakagawa K, Ueda K, Katori H. Measuring the frequency of a Sr optical lattice clock using a 120 km coherent optical transfer. Opt Lett 2009; 34:692-694. [PMID: 19252595 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a precision frequency measurement using a phase-stabilized 120 km optical fiber link over a physical distance of 50 km. The transition frequency of the (87)Sr optical lattice clock at the University of Tokyo is measured to be 429228004229874.1(2.4) Hz referenced to international atomic time. The results demonstrate the excellent functions of the intercity optical fiber link and the great potential of optical lattice clocks for use in the redefinition of the second.
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Affiliation(s)
- F-L Hong
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technologies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Oyanagi K, Yamazaki M, Takahashi H, Watabe K, Wada M, Komori T, Morita T, Mizutani T. Spinal anterior horn cells in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis show ribosomal detachment from, and cisternal distention of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2008; 34:650-8. [PMID: 18346115 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2008.00941.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and invariably fatal disease involving the upper and lower motor neurones of adult humans. Among the neuropathological features of the disease, abnormalities in the protein-synthesizing system in motor neurones of the brainstem and spinal cord, such as a decrease of cytoplasmic RNA and rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) (chromatolysis), defective editing of the Q/R site of the glutamate receptor subunit GluR2 mRNA, fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus and accumulation of ubiquitinated inclusions and abnormal TdP-43 protein have been reported to be essential for the degeneration. In relation to these features, although the possibility of ER stress has been reported in motor neurones of the brainstem and spinal cord of ALS patients, the rER itself has not been a main target of ultrastructural investigation. METHODS The present study examined the rER, ultrastructurally and quantitatively in the spinal anterior horn cells (AHCs) of 21 Japanese patients with sporadic ALS and eight Japanese control subjects. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS It was found that: (i) the rER cisternae in AHCs showing central chromatolysis were fragmented, but retained their width and had normally attached ribosomes, and (ii) the rER cisternae in shrunken AHCs were irregularly distended with detachment of the ribosomes, thus suggesting that (iii) ribosomal detachment was related to rER distention.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Oyanagi
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Tokyo, Japan.
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Araki K, Shiotani A, Watabe K, Saito K, Moro K, Ogawa K. Adenoviral GDNF gene transfer enhances neurofunctional recovery after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Gene Ther 2006; 13:296-303. [PMID: 16251996 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To assess the possibility of gene therapy for recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury, we examined functional and histological recovery after glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene transfer in a rat RLN crush model. Adenoviral vector encoding beta-galactosidase gene (AxCALacZ) or human GDNF gene (AxCAhGDNF) was injected into the crush site of the RLN. Neurons in the nucleus ambiguus on the crushed side were labeled with X-gal or GDNF immnohistochemistry after AxCALacZ or AxCAhGDNF injection. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed expression of human GDNF mRNA transcripts in brainstem tissue containing the nucleus ambiguus on the crushed side after AxCAhGDNF injection. Animals injected with AxCAhGDNF displayed significantly improved motor nerve conduction velocity of the RLN and recovery rate of vocal fold movement at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment as compared to controls. AxCAhGDNF-injected animals showed a significantly larger axonal diameter and improved remyelination in crushed RLN as compared to controls. Adenoviral GDNF gene transfer may thus promote laryngeal function recovery after RLN injury. Inoculation of adenoviral vector containing the GDNF gene at the site of damage soon after nerve injury may assist patients with laryngeal paralysis caused by nerve injury during head and neck surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Araki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjukuku, Tokyo, Japan
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Koma YI, Ito A, Watabe K, Kimura SH, Kitamura Y. A truncated isoform of the PP2A B56gamma regulatory subunit reduces irradiation-induced Mdm2 phosphorylation and could contribute to metastatic melanoma cell radioresistance. Histol Histopathol 2004; 19:391-400. [PMID: 15024700 DOI: 10.14670/hh-19.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
F10, a subline of the B16 mouse melanoma cell line, is itself the parent of the more metastatic BL6 line. BL6 cells differ from F10 cells by an alteration of the gene encoding the B56gamma regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which results in mRNA encoding a truncated variant of the subunit (deltagamma1). Expression of deltagamma 1 protein is detectable only when BL6 cells are transplanted into mice and then gamma-irradiated. Recently, B56gamma subunit-containing PP2A holoenzymes have shown to dephosphorylate Mdm2, a negative regulator of p53. Thus, we assessed whether the expression of deltagamma1 affects irradiation-induced phosphorylation of Mdm2 and radioresistance of melanoma cells by perturbing the regulation of p53. Western blot analyses revealed that irradiated COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells stably expressing deltagamma1 showed significantly less irradiation-induced Mdm2 phosphorylation. Mdm2 phosphorylation reduces the ability of Mdm2 to target p53 for degradation, which probably explained why p53 protein levels in NIH3T3 cells expressing deltagamma1 were not significantly elevated by irradiation, unlike in wild-type cells. This was also true for F10 cells transfected with deltagamma1 (F10deltagamma1) when the cells expressed deltagamma1 after being irradiated in vivo. p53 mRNA levels in irradiated wild-type and deltagamma 1-expressing cells were both only slightly elevated, suggesting that Mdm2 regulates p53 levels by a post-transcriptional mechanism. p53-mediated induction of the pro-apoptotic gene encoding Bax was also significantly lower in F10deltagamma1 cells irradiated in vivo. Moreover, F10deltagamma1 and BL6 cells were less apoptotic than F10 cells when the cells were irradiated in vivo. The p53 in F10 cells appears to be as functional as that in NIH3T3 cells because irradiation-induced expression of p53-target genes was comparable in both cells. Collectively, deltagamma1 appears to reduce irradiation-induced Mdm2 phosphorylation, which then blocks irradiation-stimulated p53 accumulation. Defects, such as deltagamma1, in PP2A may thus contribute to melanoma cell radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-I Koma
- Department of Pathology and Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Osaka, Japan and Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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Shirakura M, Inoue M, Fujikawa S, Washizawa K, Komaba S, Maeda M, Watabe K, Yoshikawa Y, Hasegawa M. Postischemic administration of Sendai virus vector carrying neurotrophic factor genes prevents delayed neuronal death in gerbils. Gene Ther 2004; 11:784-90. [PMID: 14961067 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sendai virus (SeV) vector-mediated gene delivery of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) prevented the delayed neuronal death induced by transient global ischemia in gerbils, even when the vector was administered several hours after ischemia. Intraventricular administration of SeV vector directed high-level expression of the vector-encoded neurotrophic factor genes, which are potent candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. After occlusion of the bilateral carotid arteries of gerbils, SeV vector carrying GDNF (SeV/GDNF), NGF (SeV/NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (SeV/BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (SeV/IGF-1) or vascular endothelial growth factor (SeV/VEGF) was injected into the lateral ventricle. Administration of SeV/GDNF, SeV/NGF or SeV/BDNF 30 min after the ischemic insult effectively prevented the delayed neuronal death of the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Furthermore, the administration of SeV/GDNF or SeV/NGF as late as 4 or 6 h after the ischemic insult also prevented the death of these neurons. These results indicate that SeV vector-mediated gene transfer of neurotrophic factors has high therapeutic potency for preventing the delayed neuronal death induced by transient global ischemia, and provides an approach for gene therapy of stroke.
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Watabe K, Ito A, Koma YI, Kitamura Y. IGSF4: a new intercellular adhesion molecule that is called by three names, TSLC1, SgIGSF and SynCAM, by virtue of its diverse function. Histol Histopathol 2003; 18:1321-9. [PMID: 12973698 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Members of the immunoglobulin superfamily often play key roles in intercellular adhesion. IGSF4 is a novel immunoglobulin (Ig)-like intercellular adhesion molecule. Three Ig-like domains are included in the extracellular domain of IGSF4 and mediate homophilic or heterophilic interactions independently of Ca2+. The cytoplasmic domain of IGSF4 contains the binding motifs that connect to actin fibers. Since IGSF4 has been characterized by several independent research groups, this molecule is called by three names, TSLC1, SgIGSF and SynCAM. IGSF4 was first characterized as a tumor suppressor of non-small cell lung cancer and termed TSLC1, although how IGSF4 suppresses tumor growth remains unknown. Silencing of the IGSF4 gene was primarily achieved by allelic loss and promoter methylation in this type of cancers. Soon after this discovery, IGSF4 was found to have roles in adhesion of spermatogenic cells to Sertoli cells and mast cells to fibroblasts and termed SgIGSF. Other researchers revealed that IGSF4 drives synaptic formation of neural cells and termed it SynCAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Watabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
The BL6 subline was derived from the F10 line, which was derived from the B16 mouse melanoma cell line. BL6 cells are more invasive than F10 cells and differ genetically from F10 cells by an alteration of the gene encoding the B56gamma regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). This alteration results in the transcription of mRNA encoding a truncated variant of the B56gamma1 isoform (Delta-gamma-1). Delta-gamma-1 is capable of targeting PP2A to the specific subcellular sites but incapable of promoting the dephosphorylation of specific substrates that is normally mediated by the B56gamma subunit-containing PP2A holoenzyme. It thus appears that activities of this type of holoenzymes decrease in cells expressing Delta-gamma-1. Recently, we found two possible ways how Delta-gamma-1 contributes to the enhanced metastatic potential of BL6 cells. The two ways seemed far away from each other: Delta-gamma-1 influenced both the nuclear and cytoplasmic functions of the cell. In the cytoplasm, Delta-gamma-1 localized at the Golgi complex and accelerated Golgi-mediated vesicle transport. On the other hand, Delta-gamma-1 disturbed the cell-cycle regulation. In response to gamma-irradiation, protein levels of Delta-gamma-1 were markedly increased in BL6 cells. Subsequently the integrity of cell-cycle checkpoint became more aberrant in BL6 cells than that in F10 cells. These two actions of Delta-gamma-1 could results in the enhancement of the malignant phenotypes of melanoma cells, as discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ito
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan.
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40
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Struble RG, Rosario ER, Kircher ML, Ludwig SM, McAdamis PJ, Watabe K, McAsey ME, Cady C, Nathan BP. Regionally specific modulation of brain apolipoprotein E in the mouse during the estrous cycle and by exogenous 17β estradiol. Exp Neurol 2003; 183:638-44. [PMID: 14552905 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies have suggested that 17beta estradiol (E2) can modify apolipoprotein E (apoE) expression. The current study determined if apoE protein varied in different regions of the mouse brain as a function of the estrous cycle and if E2 could increase apoE protein expression. In this study apoE concentration was lowest on estrus in the hippocampus, cingulate cortex and frontal cortex. In contrast, apoE concentration was highest on estrus in the olfactory bulb and cerebellum. There were no differences in the striatal apoE expression throughout the estrous cycle. Exogenous E2 significantly raised tissue levels of apoE in the olfactory bulb and cerebellum at 5 days after treatment. There was a slight, but nonsignificant increase in cortical expression of apoE and no change in striatum. Immunocytochemical localization studies found estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) in cortical neurons and glia. In the cerebellum and olfactory bulb, ERbeta was seen primarily in glia. ERalpha was not observed in the cerebellum and was rare in the olfactory bulb. Neither ERalpha nor ERbeta was seen in the striatum. Our data show regional differences in the production of apoE throughout the estrous cycle. In addition, exogenous E2 has regionally specific effects on apoE expression. Regional variability in apoE production appears to vary as a function of the estrogen receptor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Struble
- Department of Neurology, Center for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, PO Box 19628, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA.
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Ito A, Watabe K, Koma Y, Kitamura Y. An attempt to isolate genes responsible for spontaneous and experimental metastasis in the mouse model. Histol Histopathol 2003; 17:951-9. [PMID: 12168807 DOI: 10.14670/hh-17.951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer develops and progresses as genetic alterations occur subsequently. Onset process of cancer has become well understood in some types of cancer, such as colorectal cancers. In this process, responsible alterations were identified in numbers of oncogenes such as k-ras, and tumor suppressor genes such as p53, as Vogelstein proposed earlier in the multistage carcinogenesis theory. In contrast, our understanding remains short to draw such an adequate diagram for the process during which cancer becomes more malignant, i.e., metastatic. To examine the molecular basis for this progression step, mouse metastasis models have been established where tumor cell lines are inoculated into mice and metastasize to specific organs. The model using B16 melanoma cells is one of the most developed. BL6 subline, one of the most metastatic, was obtained from F10 subline simply through six rounds of in vitro selection. Nonetheless, BL6 cells metastasize lungs much more heavily than F10 cells when injected subcutaneously. The difference in gene expression between the two sublines is considered rather small but relevant for spontaneous metastasis. We began our research by elaborating a method for the construction of subtracted cDNA libraries, and made it applicable to BL6 and F10 cells. As a result, we were able to isolate a couple of genes that were expressed differently between the two sublines. As might be expected, each of the genes appeared to play a role more or less in distinct aspects of spontaneous metastasis of B16 melanoma cells. Moreover, similar roles were expected for the genes in the process by which human melanoma cells metastasize.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Coculture Techniques
- Connexin 26
- Connexins/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Library
- Humans
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Models, Biological
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism
- Protein Isoforms
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins
- Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nucleolar/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ito
- Department of Pathology, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan.
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Kobayashi K, Ehrlich SD, Albertini A, Amati G, Andersen KK, Arnaud M, Asai K, Ashikaga S, Aymerich S, Bessieres P, Boland F, Brignell SC, Bron S, Bunai K, Chapuis J, Christiansen LC, Danchin A, Débarbouille M, Dervyn E, Deuerling E, Devine K, Devine SK, Dreesen O, Errington J, Fillinger S, Foster SJ, Fujita Y, Galizzi A, Gardan R, Eschevins C, Fukushima T, Haga K, Harwood CR, Hecker M, Hosoya D, Hullo MF, Kakeshita H, Karamata D, Kasahara Y, Kawamura F, Koga K, Koski P, Kuwana R, Imamura D, Ishimaru M, Ishikawa S, Ishio I, Le Coq D, Masson A, Mauël C, Meima R, Mellado RP, Moir A, Moriya S, Nagakawa E, Nanamiya H, Nakai S, Nygaard P, Ogura M, Ohanan T, O'Reilly M, O'Rourke M, Pragai Z, Pooley HM, Rapoport G, Rawlins JP, Rivas LA, Rivolta C, Sadaie A, Sadaie Y, Sarvas M, Sato T, Saxild HH, Scanlan E, Schumann W, Seegers JFML, Sekiguchi J, Sekowska A, Séror SJ, Simon M, Stragier P, Studer R, Takamatsu H, Tanaka T, Takeuchi M, Thomaides HB, Vagner V, van Dijl JM, Watabe K, Wipat A, Yamamoto H, Yamamoto M, Yamamoto Y, Yamane K, Yata K, Yoshida K, Yoshikawa H, Zuber U, Ogasawara N. Essential Bacillus subtilis genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:4678-83. [PMID: 12682299 PMCID: PMC153615 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0730515100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1042] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To estimate the minimal gene set required to sustain bacterial life in nutritious conditions, we carried out a systematic inactivation of Bacillus subtilis genes. Among approximately 4,100 genes of the organism, only 192 were shown to be indispensable by this or previous work. Another 79 genes were predicted to be essential. The vast majority of essential genes were categorized in relatively few domains of cell metabolism, with about half involved in information processing, one-fifth involved in the synthesis of cell envelope and the determination of cell shape and division, and one-tenth related to cell energetics. Only 4% of essential genes encode unknown functions. Most essential genes are present throughout a wide range of Bacteria, and almost 70% can also be found in Archaea and Eucarya. However, essential genes related to cell envelope, shape, division, and respiration tend to be lost from bacteria with small genomes. Unexpectedly, most genes involved in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway are essential. Identification of unknown and unexpected essential genes opens research avenues to better understanding of processes that sustain bacterial life.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0101, Japan
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Hakuba N, Watabe K, Hyodo J, Ohashi T, Eto Y, Taniguchi M, Yang L, Tanaka J, Hata R, Gyo K. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of a gene prevents hearing loss and progressive inner hair cell loss after transient cochlear ischemia in gerbils. Gene Ther 2003; 10:426-33. [PMID: 12601397 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of adenoviral vectors has recently provided a novel strategy for direct gene transfer into the cochlea. In this study, we assessed the utility of an adenoviral vector expressing glial-cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in ischemia-reperfusion injury of the gerbil cochlea. The vector was injected through the round window 4 days before ischemic insult. The distribution of a reporter transgene was confirmed throughout the cochlea from the basal to the apical turn and Western blot analysis indicated significant upregulation of GDNF protein 11 days following virus inoculation. Hearing ability was assessed by sequentially recording compound action potentials (CAP), and the degree of hair cell loss in the organ of Corti was evaluated in specimens stained with rhodamine-phalloidin and Hoechst 33342. On the seventh day of ischemia, the CAP threshold shift and inner hair cell loss were remarkably suppressed in the Ad-GDNF group compared with the control group. These results suggest that adenovirus-mediated overexpression of GDNF is useful for protection against hair cell damage, which otherwise eventually occurs after transient ischemia of the cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hakuba
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shigenobu-cho, Onsen-gun, Ehime, Japan
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Abstract
The sporulation program in Bacillus subtilis ends in the formation of a highly resistant endospore that can withstand extremes of heat, mechanical disruption, ultraviolet irradiation, lytic enzymes and chemical attack. These properties are attributed mainly to the unique structure of spore coat and cortex, as well as to the physical state of the spore cytoplasm. The outermost layer of the spore, called the coat, has two morphologically distinct sublayers: an electron-dense outer coat and an electron-translucent inner coat. The coat is composed of more than 2 dozen proteins of varying size. Many coat genes and coat proteins have been isolated and characterized in detail, and studies of these have identified proteins with important roles in coat assembly, resistance and spore germination. We describe here characteristics of the coat proteins and propose a model for coat assembly based on recent work.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takamatsu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
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Sango K, Yamanaka S, Ajiki K, Tokashiki A, Watabe K. Lysosomal storage results in impaired survival but normal neurite outgrowth in dorsal root ganglion neurones from a mouse model of Sandhoff disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2002; 28:23-34. [PMID: 11849560 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2990.2002.00366.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sandhoff disease is a heritable lysosomal storage disease resulting from impaired degradation of GM2 ganglioside and related substrates. A mouse model of Sandhoff disease created by gene targeting displays progressive neurological manifestations, similar to patients with the disease. In the present in vivo and in vitro studies, we examined morphological and functional abnormalities of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurones in Sandhoff disease mice at an asymptomatic stage (approximately 1 month of age). Light microscopic studies with Nissl staining and immunocytochemistry suggested extensive intracytoplasmic storage of GM2 ganglioside in the Sandhoff mouse DRG neurones. These findings were consistent with the results of electron microscopy, in which a huge number of pleomorphic inclusion bodies immunoreactive for GM2 ganglioside were present in the cytoplasm of the neurones. The inclusion bodies were also identified in satellite cells and Schwann cells in the Sandhoff mouse DRG. The survival ratios of DRG neurones after 1, 2, 4 and 6 days in culture were significantly lower in the Sandhoff mice than in the age-matched heterozygous mice. The ratio of neurite-bearing cells on poly-l-lysine-coated dishes after 2 days in culture was also lower by approximately 10% in the Sandhoff mice compared to the heterozygotes, but additional coating of laminin onto poly-l-lysine dramatically enhanced the neurite extension from the neurones in both groups of mice. These results indicate that accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in DRG neurones impairs the capability of the neurones to survive in vitro, although viable neurones from the Sandhoff mice in culture can regenerate neurites nearly as well as unaffected neurones.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sango
- Department of Developmental Morphology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, Japan.
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Nakamoto K, Ito A, Watabe K, Koma Y, Asada H, Yoshikawa K, Shinomura Y, Matsuzawa Y, Nojima H, Kitamura Y. Increased expression of a nucleolar Nop5/Sik family member in metastatic melanoma cells: evidence for its role in nucleolar sizing and function. Am J Pathol 2001; 159:1363-74. [PMID: 11583964 PMCID: PMC1850506 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)62523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2001] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
F10 and BL6 cells of B16 mouse melanoma cells are metastatic after intravenous injection, but only BL6 cells can metastasize to lungs after subcutaneous injection. Differences in gene expression between the two cell lines were examined, and a greater expression of the Sik-similar protein (Sik-SP) gene was found in BL6 cells. Structurally, Sik-SP belongs to the nucleolar Nop5/Sik family whose members play central roles in ribosome biogenesis; however, the function of Sik-SP has not been examined. Cytology with green fluorescent protein-fused proteins showed that Sik-SP was localized to the nucleolus. To examine whether Sik-SP is involved in ribosome biogenesis, two parameters were measured: magnitude of ribosomal RNA synthesis per nucleus and magnitude of protein production from the same amount of mRNA of an exogenous luciferase gene. Both values and, in addition, nucleolar size were larger in COS-7 monkey kidney cells overexpressing Sik-SP and BL6 cells than in mock-transfected COS-7 and F10 cells, respectively. Sik-SP seemed to promote ribosome biogenesis in the nucleolus. Furthermore, the expression of Sik-SP seemed to confer a greater cell growth response to serum, because such a response was greater in BL6 cells and F10 cells overexpressing Sik-SP than in untreated and mock-transfected F10 cells. Sik-SP may render melanoma cells more competent to survive through augmenting the activity of nucleolus.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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47
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Goodarzi G, Mashimo T, Watabe M, Cuthbert AP, Newbold RF, Pai SK, Hirota S, Hosobe S, Miura K, Bandyopadhyay S, Gross SC, Balaji KC, Watabe K. Identification of tumor metastasis suppressor region on the short arm of human chromosome 20. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2001; 32:33-42. [PMID: 11477659 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of metastatic ability by prostate cancer cells is the hallmark of their lethal trait and outcome. However, the genetic alterations underlying the clinical progression and pathogenesis of prostate cancer are not well understood. Several studies involving loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and comparative genomic hybridization analysis have identified distinctively altered regions on various human chromosomes, and genomic imbalance of chromosome 20 was implicated in progression and recurrence of prostate tumors. To examine the role of chromosome 20 in prostate neoplasms, we introduced this chromosome into highly metastatic rat prostate cancer cells using the microcell-mediated chromosome transfer technique. Introduction of the chromosome resulted in significant suppression of the metastatic ability of the hybrid cells, by as much as 98%, without any interference with the in vivo growth rate or tumorigenicity of primary tumor in SCID mice. Our STS-PCR analysis on 10 hybrid clones indicates that the suppressor activity of chromosome 20 is located in the p11.23-12 region. Further examination of the hybrid clones by experimental metastasis assay and histologic analysis as well as Matrigel invasion assay suggests the involvement of the suppressor region at an early stage of invasion and extravasation. We also investigated the status of the chromosome 20 suppressor region in pathology specimens from human prostate cancer patients and detected the frequent loss of this region in high-grade tumors. These results suggest the presence of a putative suppressor gene on human chromosome 20 that is functionally involved in development of prostate cancer metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Goodarzi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois 62702, USA
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Shen JS, Watabe K, Ohashi T, Eto Y. Intraventricular administration of recombinant adenovirus to neonatal twitcher mouse leads to clinicopathological improvements. Gene Ther 2001; 8:1081-7. [PMID: 11526455 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2001] [Accepted: 05/09/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Twitcher mouse is a murine model of human globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe disease), which is characterized by a genetic deficiency in galactocerebrosidase (GALC) activity. The nervous system is affected early and severely by demyelination in the white matter. So far, there is no effective treatment for Krabbe disease except bone marrow transplantation (BMT). However, BMT has inherent limitations such as unavailability of donors and graft-versus-host disease. In this study, we injected recombinant adenovirus encoding GALC into the lateral ventricle of twitcher mice at postnatal day 0 (PND 0) and the therapeutic effects were evaluated. Our results showed slight, but significant improvements in motor functions, body weight and twitching and a prolonged life span. In brain, GALC activity was increased to 15% that of normal littermates and psychosine concentration was decreased to 55% that of untreated twitcher mice at PND 15. The number of PAS-positive globoid cells in brain stem was also reduced significantly at PND 35. In contrast, when adenoviruses were injected to the twitcher mice at PND 15, almost no improvements were observed. These results demonstrate that the timing of treatment may be of great importance in Krabbe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Shen
- Department of Gene Therapy, Institute of DNA Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Shiotani A, Fukumura M, Maeda M, Hou X, Inoue M, Kanamori T, Komaba S, Washizawa K, Fujikawa S, Yamamoto T, Kadono C, Watabe K, Fukuda H, Saito K, Sakai Y, Nagai Y, Kanzaki J, Hasegawa M. Skeletal muscle regeneration after insulin-like growth factor I gene transfer by recombinant Sendai virus vector. Gene Ther 2001; 8:1043-50. [PMID: 11526451 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2000] [Accepted: 03/31/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We scrutinized the applicability and efficacy of Sendai virus (SeV) vectors expressing either LacZ or human insulin-like growth factor-I (hIGF-I) in gene transfer into skeletal muscle. Seven days after the intramuscular injection of LacZ/SeV X-gal labeled myofibers were demonstrated in rat anterior tibialis muscle with/without bupivacaine treatment and the transgene expression persisted up to 1 month after injection. Recombinant hIGF-I was detected as a major protein species in culture supernatants of a neonatal rat myoblast cell line L6 and thus induced the cells to undergo myogenetic differentiation. The introduction of hIGF-I/SeV into the muscle showed a significant increase in regenerating and split myofibers which were indicative of hypertrophy, and also an increase in the total number of myofibers, in comparison to that seen in the LacZ/SeV-treated control muscle. These results demonstrate that SeV achieves high-level transgene expression in skeletal muscle, and that hIGF-I gene transfer using SeV vector may therefore have great potential in the treatment of neuromuscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shiotani
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Watabe K, Ida H, Uehara K, Oyanagi K, Sakamoto T, Tanaka J, Garver WS, Miyawaki S, Ohno K, Eto Y. Establishment and characterization of immortalized Schwann cells from murine model of Niemann-Pick disease type C (spm/spm). J Peripher Nerv Syst 2001; 6:85-94. [PMID: 11446388 DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8027.2001.01012.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is characterized by an accumulation of unesterified cholesterol in the endosomal/lysosomal (E/L) system, resulting in progressive neurodegeneration and death during early childhood. To investigate the cellular pathomechanism of nervous system involvement in NPC, continuous neural cell lines are desirable. In this study, we obtained neuronal and Schwann cell cultures and established spontaneously immortalized Schwann cell lines from dorsal root ganglia and peripheral nerves of NPC model mouse (spm/spm). One of the cell lines, designated SPMS9, had distinct Schwann cell phenotypes and was maintained over 10 months without phenotypic alterations. The level of Npc1 mRNA was markedly decreased, and NPC1 protein was not detectable in SPMS9 cells. These cells contained intracytoplasmic granules positive for filipin cholesterol staining and immunoreactive for GM2 ganglioside. Electron-microscopically, intracytoplasmic polymorphous membranous inclusions and vacuoles were demonstrated in SPMS9 cells. The treatment with an inhibitor of ceramide-specific glucosyltransferase, N-butyldeoxynojirimysin (NB-DNJ) markedly reduced the intracytoplasmic granular immunofluorescence for GM2 ganglioside in SPMS9 cells, whereas the amount of filipin-positive granules remained unchanged. The SPMS9 cells retained vesicular fluorescence of cationic dye acriflavine 16-24 hours after loading, indicating the defect of transmembrane efflux pump activity of NPC1 in the E/L compartment in these cells. These immortalized Schwann cells can be useful in studies on the nervous system lesions in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Watabe
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Japan.
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