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Baggs GE, Middleton C, Nelson JL, Pereira SL, Hegazi RM, Matarese L, Matheson E, Ziegler TR, Tappenden KA, Deutz N. Impact of a specialized oral nutritional supplement on quality of life in older adults following hospitalization: Post-hoc analysis of the NOURISH trial. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:2116-2123. [PMID: 37757502 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Both during and after hospitalization, nutritional care with daily intake of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) improves health outcomes and decreases risk of mortality in malnourished older adults. In a post-hoc analysis of data from hospitalized older adults with malnutrition risk, we sought to determine whether consuming a specialized ONS (S-ONS) containing high protein and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) can also improve Quality of Life (QoL). METHODS We analyzed data from the NOURISH trial-a randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-center, double-blind study conducted in patients with congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Patients received standard care + S-ONS or placebo beverage (target 2 servings/day) during hospitalization and for 90 days post-discharge. SF-36 and EQ-5D QoL outcomes were assessed at 0-, 30-, 60-, and 90-days post-discharge. To account for the missing QoL observations (27.7%) due to patient dropout, we used multiple imputation. Data represent differences between least squares mean (LSM) values with 95% Confidence Intervals for groups receiving S-ONS or placebo treatments. RESULTS The study population consisted of 622 patients of mean age ±standard deviation: 77.9 ± 8.4 years and of whom 52.1% were females. Patients consuming placebo had lower (worse) QoL domain scores than did those consuming S-ONS. Specifically for the SF-36 health domain scores, group differences (placebo vs S-ONS) in LSM were significant for the mental component summary at day 90 (-4.23 [-7.75, -0.71]; p = 0.019), the domains of mental health at days 60 (-3.76 [-7.40, -0.12]; p = 0.043) and 90 (-4.88 [-8.41, -1.34]; p = 0.007), vitality at day 90 (-3.33 [-6.65, -0.01]; p = 0.049) and social functioning at day 90 (-4.02 [-7.48,-0.55]; p = 0.023). Compared to placebo, differences in LSM values for the SF-36 general health domain were significant with improvement in the S-ONS group at hospital discharge and beyond: day 0 (-2.72 [-5.33, -0.11]; p = 0.041), day 30 (-3.08 [-6.09, -0.08]; p = 0.044), day 60 (-3.95 [-7.13, -0.76]; p = 0.015), and day 90 (-4.56 [-7.74, -1.38]; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS In hospitalized older adults with cardiopulmonary diseases and evidence of poor nutritional status, daily intake of S-ONS compared to placebo improved post-discharge QoL scores for mental health/cognition, vitality, social functioning, and general health. These QoL benefits complement survival benefits found in the original NOURISH trial analysis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01626742.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carly Middleton
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Refaat M Hegazi
- Abbott Nutrition Research and Development, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Laura Matarese
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Eric Matheson
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Thomas R Ziegler
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Nicolaas Deutz
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Tappenden KA. Anatomical and physiological considerations in short bowel syndrome: Emphasis on intestinal adaptation and the role of enterohormones. Nutr Clin Pract 2023; 38 Suppl 1:S27-S34. [PMID: 37115026 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS)-associated intestinal failure (IF) is a complex, life-threatening condition that requires complex care of multiple factors impacting the patient's long-term prognosis. Various etiologies result in SBS-IF, with three primary anatomical subtypes occurring following intestinal resection. Depending on the extent and segment(s) of the intestine resected, malabsorption can be nutrient specific or sweeping; however, such issues and the associated prognosis for the patient can be predicted with analysis of the residual intestine, along with baseline nutrient and fluid deficits and extent of malabsorption. The provision of parenteral nutrition/intravenous (PN-IV) fluids and antisymptomatic agents is fundamental; however, optimal management should focus on intestinal rehabilitation, wherein intestinal adaptation is prioritized and PN-IV fluids are weaned over time. Key strategies to maximize intestinal adaptation include hyperphagic consumption of an individualized SBS diet and the appropriate use of trophic agents, such as a glucagon-like peptide 2 analog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Belcher E, Mercer D, Raphael BP, Salinas GD, Stacy S, Tappenden KA. Management of short-bowel syndrome: A survey of unmet educational needs among healthcare providers. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2022; 46:1839-1846. [PMID: 35511707 PMCID: PMC9790246 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of short-bowel syndrome with intestinal failure (SBS-IF) is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Because of the rarity of SBS-IF, healthcare professionals (HCPs) often lack clinical experience with the disease and may benefit from education regarding SBS-IF and its management. This study identified unmet educational needs related to the management of patients with SBS-IF. METHODS This was a prospective, web-based survey (December 2019-January 2020) in which a series of clinical questions were posed to US HCPs after presenting three standardized SBS-IF cases to assess current practice patterns. HCPs were then asked a series of questions to identify potential knowledge gaps and unmet educational needs relating to SBS-IF management. RESULTS Overall, 558 HCPs completed the survey, with 12%-38% having a formal SBS-IF multidisciplinary team currently available to make treatment decisions within their institution. Clinicians involved in care included gastroenterologists (93%), registered dietitians (79%), gastroenterology nurse practitioners and physician assistants (37%), registered nurses (43%), social workers (45%), and psychologists/psychiatrists (27%). There was underuse of published guidelines and limited understanding of the course of intestinal adaptation. Responses to the clinical scenarios highlighted disparities in SBS-IF care delivery, including diagnosis, management goals, medications prescribed, and nutrition practices. CONCLUSIONS Future SBS-IF educational interventions for HCPs should aim to improve awareness and understanding of the disease, facilitate timely diagnosis, and standardize management practices to ensure patients receive optimal interdisciplinary care as widely as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Mercer
- Department of Surgery, Division of TransplantationUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Correia MIT, Tappenden KA, Malone A, Prado CM, Evans DC, Sauer AC, Hegazi R, Gramlich L. Utilization and validation of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM): A scoping review. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:687-697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Winkler MF, Tappenden KA, Spangenburg M, Iyer K. Learn Intestinal Failure Tele-ECHO Project: An innovative online telementoring and case-based learning clinic. Nutr Clin Pract 2021; 36:785-792. [PMID: 34159643 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal failure (IF) is a rare chronic disease requiring intravenous (IV) fluids or parenteral nutrition (PN) dependency for optimal patient health and sustenance. The complex care is best managed by specialized multidisciplinary teams. Patients who have limited access to intestinal rehabilitation centers often receive IV/PN care from clinicians lacking specialty expertise. An innovative videoconferencing project was launched in May 2019 to provide online telementoring and case-based learning in IF. The Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) model was adopted to provide education and virtual support via the Learn Intestinal Failure Tele-ECHO (LIFT-ECHO) project. Online clinics include patient case presentations, moderated discussion, best-practice recommendations, and didactic continuing education lectures on IF- and PN-related topics. Participation is interprofessional and international. Via knowledge dissemination and specialty mentorship, LIFT-ECHO is expected to improve healthcare for patients with IF and transform care delivery by overcoming the limitations in access to expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion F Winkler
- Department of Surgery/Nutritional Support Service, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michelle Spangenburg
- American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Kishore Iyer
- Adult and Pediatric Intestinal Rehabilitation and Transplantation, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA
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Deutz NE, Ziegler TR, Matheson EM, Matarese LE, Tappenden KA, Baggs GE, Nelson JL, Luo M, Hegazi R, Jonnalagadda SS. Reduced mortality risk in malnourished hospitalized older adult patients with COPD treated with a specialized oral nutritional supplement: Sub-group analysis of the NOURISH study. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:1388-1395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Tappenden KA. JPEN Reviewers: November 1, 2019–October 31, 2020. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Correa-Matos NJ, Donovan SM, Tappenden KA. Fermentable Fibers Enhance Aspects of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Piglets infected with Salmonella Typhimurium. P R Health Sci J 2020; 39:311-318. [PMID: 33320460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that fermentable fiber prevents Salmonella typhimurium infection-associated symptoms by enhancing innate and adaptive immune system in neonatal pigs. METHODS Two-d-old piglets (n=120) were randomized to receive either a nutritionally complete sow milk replacer formula (CON), or supplemented with methylcellulose (MCEL-non-fermentable), soy polysaccharides (SPS-moderately fermentable), or fructooligosaccharides (FOS-highly fermentable). On d7, piglets received an oral gavage of S. typhimurium-798, and continued receiving the same diets up to 48h post-infection. Ileal mucosal samples were obtained for further analyses. RESULTS A reduction in chloride secretion was observed in FOS when compared to other diets (p<0.0003). The number of ileal sulfo-acidomucins was higher (p<0.05) in FOS before infection compared with other diets. NFkB was inhibited in FOS following infection (p<0.05), when compared with CON. IL-1β expression was increased at 4h post-infection (p<0.05) in CON; however, this response was attenuated in the fiber groups. IL-6 expression was higher (p<0.05) in CON post- infection, higher in SPS at 24h (p<0.05), but unchanged in MCEL and FOS when compared to pre-infection values. FOS had a higher expression of neutrophil-chemoattractant IL-8 before infection (p<0.05) compared to other groups. CONCLUSION The reduction in chloride secretion, proinflammatory cytokines expression and NFkB activation, and increased number of sulfo-acidomucins, and IL-8 expression in the fiber groups, indicates that the degree of fermentability impacts the innate and adaptive immune system, and could be the mechanisms by which dietary fibers reduce S. typhimurium infection-associated-symptoms in neonatal pigs and apply these results to infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy J Correa-Matos
- Associate Professor, Nutrition and Dietetics Program, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico
| | - Sharon M Donovan
- Professor, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, USA
| | - Kelly A Tappenden
- Professor, Department Head, Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
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Tappenden KA, Dudrick SJ, Chan L, Daly JM, Steiger E, Barrocas A, Compher C, Winkler MF, Kliger RG, Yu J, Klek S, Hardy G, Pimiento JM, Bishop J, Bond B, Tillman EM. Tributes to Our First President and Founding Father, Stanley J. Dudrick, MD, FACS, FASPEN. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John M. Daly
- Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA
| | | | | | | | - Marion F. Winkler
- Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA
| | | | - Jianchun Yu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing P.R. China
| | | | - Gil Hardy
- Ipanema Research Trust Auckland New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Emma M. Tillman
- Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA
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Prado CM, Purcell SA, Alish C, Pereira SL, Deutz NE, Heyland DK, Goodpaster BH, Tappenden KA, Heymsfield SB. Implications of low muscle mass across the continuum of care: a narrative review. Ann Med 2018; 50:675-693. [PMID: 30169116 PMCID: PMC6370503 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2018.1511918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in body composition can occur at any body weight. Low muscle mass is a predictor of poor morbidity and mortality and occurs in several populations. This narrative review provides an overview of the importance of low muscle mass on health outcomes for patients in inpatient, outpatient and long-term care clinical settings. A one-year glimpse at publications that showcases the rapidly growing research of body composition in clinical settings is included. Low muscle mass is associated with outcomes such as higher surgical and post-operative complications, longer length of hospital stay, lower physical function, poorer quality of life and shorter survival. As such, the potential clinical benefits of preventing and reversing this condition are likely to impact patient outcomes and resource utilization/health care costs. Clinically viable tools to measure body composition are needed for routine screening and intervention. Future research studies should elucidate the effectiveness of multimodal interventions to counteract low muscle mass for optimal patient outcomes across the healthcare continuum. Key messages Low muscle mass is associated with several negative outcomes across the healthcare continuum. Techniques to identify and counteract low muscle mass in clinical settings are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M. Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah A. Purcell
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carolyn Alish
- Abbott Nutrition, Abbott Laboratories. Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Nicolaas E. Deutz
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University. College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Daren K. Heyland
- Clinical Evaluation Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bret H. Goodpaster
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute. Orlando, Florida 32804, USA
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Urbana, Illionois, USA
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Jensen GL, Cederholm T, Correia MITD, Gonzalez MC, Fukushima R, Higashiguchi T, de Baptista GA, Barazzoni R, Blaauw R, Coats AJS, Crivelli A, Evans DC, Gramlich L, Fuchs-Tarlovsky V, Keller H, Llido L, Malone A, Mogensen KM, Morley JE, Muscaritoli M, Nyulasi I, Pirlich M, Pisprasert V, de van der Schueren M, Siltharm S, Singer P, Tappenden KA, Velasco N, Waitzberg DL, Yamwong P, Yu J, Compher C, Van Gossum A. GLIM Criteria for the Diagnosis of Malnutrition: A Consensus Report From the Global Clinical Nutrition Community. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2018; 43:32-40. [PMID: 30175461 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This initiative aims to build a global consensus around core diagnostic criteria for malnutrition in adults in clinical settings. METHODS The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) was convened by several of the major global clinical nutrition societies. Empirical consensus was reached through a series of face-to-face meetings, telephone conferences, and e-mail communications. RESULTS A 2-step approach for the malnutrition diagnosis was selected, that is, first screening to identify at risk status by the use of any validated screening tool, and second, assessment for diagnosis and grading the severity of malnutrition. The malnutrition criteria for consideration were retrieved from existing approaches for screening and assessment. Potential criteria were subjected to a ballot among GLIM participants that selected 3 phenotypic criteria (non-volitional weight loss, low body mass index, and reduced muscle mass) and 2 etiologic criteria (reduced food intake or assimilation, and inflammation or disease burden). To diagnose malnutrition at least 1 phenotypic criterion and 1 etiologic criterion should be present. Phenotypic metrics for grading severity are proposed. It is recommended that the etiologic criteria be used to guide intervention and anticipated outcomes. The recommended approach supports classification of malnutrition into four etiology-related diagnosis categories. CONCLUSIONS A consensus scheme for diagnosing malnutrition in adults in clinical settings on a global scale is proposed. Next steps are to secure endorsements from leading nutrition professional societies, to identify overlaps with syndromes like cachexia and sarcopenia, and to promote dissemination, validation studies, and feedback. The construct should be re-considered every 3-5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon L Jensen
- Dean's Office and Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, and Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - M Christina Gonzalez
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ryoji Fukushima
- Department of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Tokyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo
| | - Takashi Higashiguchi
- Department of Surgery and Palliative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake-City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Gertrudis Adrianza de Baptista
- Medicine Faculty Central University of Venezuela, University Hospital of Caracas, Chief Nutritional Support Unit Hospital Universitary/Academic of Caracas, University Central of Venezuela
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical, Technological and Translational Sciences, University of Trieste, Ospedale di Cattinara, Trieste, Italy
| | - Renée Blaauw
- Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrew J S Coats
- Monash University Australia and University of Warwick, Warwick, UK; Member Board of Directors Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders
| | - Adriana Crivelli
- Nutritional Support Unit, San Martín Hospital, La Plata, Argentina
| | - David C Evans
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Heather Keller
- Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging and Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luisito Llido
- Clinical Nutrition Service, St. Luke's Medical Center-Quezon City, Metro-Manila, Phillippines, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Ainsley Malone
- The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Silver Spring, Maryland, and Mt. Carmel West Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kris M Mogensen
- Department of Nutrition, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John E Morley
- Division of Geriatrics, Saint Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Member Board of Directors Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders
| | | | - Ibolya Nyulasi
- Department of Nutrition, Alfred Health and Professor of Dietetic Practice, Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, Latrobe University, Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University
| | - Matthias Pirlich
- Imperial Oak Outpatient Clinic, Endocrinology, Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Berlin, Germany
| | - Veeradej Pisprasert
- Department of Medicine, Khon Kaen University College of Medicine, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Marian de van der Schueren
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; HAN University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social studies, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Pierre Singer
- Department of General Intensive Care, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nicolas Velasco
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolismo. School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
| | - Dan L Waitzberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jianchun Yu
- GI Surgery and Nutrition Metabolic Division, Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Charlene Compher
- Biobehavioral Health Sciences Department and Nutrition Programs, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andre Van Gossum
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinic of Intestinal Diseases and Nutritional Support, Hopital Erasme, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
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Naberhuis JK, Tappenden KA. Teduglutide for Safe Reduction of Parenteral Nutrient and/or Fluid Requirements in Adults. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2016; 40:1096-1105. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607115582063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Division of Nutritional Sciences
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
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Liu TW, Cephas KD, Holscher HD, Kerr KR, Mangian HF, Tappenden KA, Swanson KS. Nondigestible Fructans Alter Gastrointestinal Barrier Function, Gene Expression, Histomorphology, and the Microbiota Profiles of Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice. J Nutr 2016; 146:949-56. [PMID: 27052535 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.227504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with compromised intestinal barrier function and shifts in gastrointestinal microbiota that may contribute to inflammation. Fiber provides benefits, but impacts of fiber type are not understood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the impact of cellulose compared with fructans on the fecal microbiota and gastrointestinal physiology in obese mice. METHODS Eighteen-wk-old male diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice (n = 6/group; 40.5 g) were fed high-fat diets (45% kcal fat) containing 5% cellulose (control), 10% cellulose, 10% short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS), or 10% inulin for 4 wk. Cecal and colon tissues were collected to assess barrier function, histomorphology, and gene expression. Fecal DNA extracts were subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon-based Illumina MiSeq sequencing to assess microbiota. RESULTS Body weight gain was greater (P < 0.05) in scFOS-fed than in 10% cellulose-fed mice. Both groups of fructan-fed mice had greater (P < 0.05) cecal crypt depth (scFOS: 141 μm; inulin: 145 μm) than both groups of cellulose-fed mice (5% and 10%: 109 μm). Inulin-fed mice had greater (P < 0.05) cecal transmural resistance (101 Ω × cm(2)) than 5% cellulose-fed controls (45 Ω × cm(2)). Inulin-fed mice had lower (P < 0.05) colonic mRNA abundance of Ocln (0.41) and Mct1 (0.35) than those fed 10% cellulose (Ocln: 1.28; Mct1: 0.90). Fructan and cellulose groups had different UniFrac distances of fecal microbiota (P < 0.05) and α diversity, which demonstrated lower (P < 0.01) species richness in fructan-fed mice. Mice fed scFOS had greater (P < 0.05) Actinobacteria (15.9%) and Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia) (17.0%) than 5% controls (Actinobacteria: 0.07%; Akkermansia: 0.08%). Relative abundance of Akkermansia was positively correlated (r = 0.56, P < 0.01) with cecal crypt depth. CONCLUSIONS Fructans markedly shifted gut microbiota and improved intestinal physiology in obese mice, but the mechanisms by which they affect gut integrity and inflammation in the obese are still unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hannah D Holscher
- Department of Animal Sciences, and Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | | | | | - Kelly A Tappenden
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Kelly S Swanson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, and
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Deutz NE, Matheson EM, Matarese LE, Baggs GE, Nelson JL, Hegazi RA, Luo M, Tappenden KA, Ziegler TR. Reply, Letter to the Editor - Supplemental and energy likely account for multi-ingredient supplementation in mitigating morbidity and mortality in compromised elderly malnourished patients. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:977-8. [PMID: 27091771 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaas E Deutz
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Eric M Matheson
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Laura E Matarese
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Refaat A Hegazi
- Abbott Nutrition, Research and Development, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Menghua Luo
- Abbott Nutrition, Research and Development, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Thomas R Ziegler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Loman BR, Tappenden KA. Prebiotic Short‐Chain Fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) Increases Abundance of the Butyrate Producing Microbial Community Differentially When Administered With or Without Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in Piglets With Short‐Bowel Syndrome (SBS). FASEB J 2016. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.683.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett R. Loman
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL
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Deutz NE, Matheson EM, Matarese LE, Luo M, Baggs GE, Nelson JL, Hegazi RA, Tappenden KA, Ziegler TR. Readmission and mortality in malnourished, older, hospitalized adults treated with a specialized oral nutritional supplement: A randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:18-26. [PMID: 26797412 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospitalized, malnourished older adults have a high risk of readmission and mortality. OBJECTIVE Evaluation of a high-protein oral nutritional supplement (HP-HMB) containing beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate on postdischarge outcomes of nonelective readmission and mortality in malnourished, hospitalized older adults. DESIGN Multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. SETTING Inpatient and posthospital discharge. PATIENTS Older (≥65 years), malnourished (Subjective Global Assessment [SGA] class B or C) adults hospitalized for congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. INTERVENTIONS Standard-of-care plus HP-HMB (n = 328) or a placebo supplement (n = 324), 2 servings/day. MEASUREMENTS Primary composite endpoint was 90-day postdischarge incidence of death or nonelective readmission. Other endpoints included 30- and 60-day postdischarge incidence of death or readmission, length of stay (LOS), SGA class, body weight, and activities of daily living (ADL). RESULTS The primary composite endpoint was similar between HP-HMB (26.8%) and placebo (31.1%). No between-group differences were observed for 90-day readmission rate, but 90-day mortality was significantly lower with HP-HMB relative to placebo (4.8% vs. 9.7%; relative risk 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27 to 0.90; p = 0.018). The number-needed-to-treat to prevent 1 death was 20.3 (95% CI: 10.9, 121.4). Compared with placebo, HP-HMB resulted in improved odds of better nutritional status (SGA class, OR, 2.04, 95% CI: 1.28, 3.25, p = 0.009) at day 90, and an increase in body weight at day 30 (p = 0.035). LOS and ADL were similar between treatments. LIMITATIONS Limited generalizability; patients represent a selected hospitalized population. CONCLUSIONS Although no effects were observed for the primary composite endpoint, compared with placebo HP-HMB decreased mortality and improved indices of nutritional status during the 90-day observation period. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION www.ClinicalTrials.govNCT01626742.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaas E Deutz
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, 1700 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
| | - Eric M Matheson
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 5 Charleston Center Dr, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Laura E Matarese
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd, Greenville, NC, USA.
| | - Menghua Luo
- Abbott Nutrition, Research and Development, 3300 Stelzer Rd, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Geraldine E Baggs
- Abbott Nutrition, Research and Development, 3300 Stelzer Rd, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jeffrey L Nelson
- Abbott Nutrition, Research and Development, 3300 Stelzer Rd, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Refaat A Hegazi
- Abbott Nutrition, Research and Development, 3300 Stelzer Rd, Columbus, OH, USA; Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Thomas R Ziegler
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Emory University School of Medicine, 1648 Pierce Dr NE, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Tappenden KA. Notice of Redundant Publication. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2015; 40:290. [PMID: 26598505 DOI: 10.1177/0148607115616967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tappenden KA, Tappenden KA, Elliott CH, Emenaker N, Fogli J, Kuehneman T, Lewis N, Pennington K, Rising C, Rosenbloom C, Sauer K, Sulik B, Wright LE. A Unifying Vision for Scientific Decision Making: The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics’ Scientific Integrity Principles. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015; 115:1486-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.06.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Naberhuis JK, Deutsch AS, Tappenden KA. Teduglutide-Stimulated Intestinal Adaptation Is Complemented and Synergistically Enhanced by Partial Enteral Nutrition in a Neonatal Piglet Model of Short Bowel Syndrome. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2015; 41:853-865. [PMID: 26304601 DOI: 10.1177/0148607115602891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teduglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analogue, is available for long-term use by parenteral nutrition (PN)-dependent adults to promote intestinal adaptation but is not approved for use in pediatric patients. The objective of this study was to assess teduglutide-stimulated induced intestinal adaptation, potential synergies with partial enteral nutrition (PEN), and distinct temporal markers of adaptation in a neonatal piglet model of short bowel syndrome (SBS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Neonatal piglets (48 hours old; n = 72) underwent an 80% jejunoileal resection and were randomized to 1 of 4 treatment groups, in a 2 × 2 factorial design, with PN or PEN (80% standard PN/20% standard enteral nutrition) and teduglutide (0.1 mg/kg/d) or control. Piglets received nutrient infusions for 4 hours, 48 hours, or 7 days. RESULTS Teduglutide improved ( P < .05) mucosal surface area (villus height: duodenum, jejunum, ileum; crypt depth: ileum, colon; proliferation: duodenum, jejunum, ileum; colon; apoptosis: jejunum, ileum, colon) and acute nutrient processing capacity (glucose: duodenum, jejunum, ileum; glutamine: duodenum, jejunum). These effects were complemented and synergistically enhanced by PEN in both site and timing of action. Structural adaptations preceded functional adaptations, but crypt depth remained a strong indicator of adaptation, regardless of time. CONCLUSIONS The combination of teduglutide and PEN enhances intestinal adaptation beyond that of either therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane K Naberhuis
- 1 Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrew S Deutsch
- 1 Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelly A Tappenden
- 1 Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,2 Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Correia MIT, Hegazi RA, Higashiguchi T, Michel JP, Reddy BR, Tappenden KA, Uyar M, Muscaritoli M. Evidence-Based Recommendations for Addressing Malnutrition in Health Care: An Updated Strategy From the feedM.E. Global Study Group. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014; 15:544-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Holscher HD, Davis SR, Tappenden KA. Human milk oligosaccharides influence maturation of human intestinal Caco-2Bbe and HT-29 cell lines. J Nutr 2014; 144:586-91. [PMID: 24572036 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.189704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of gastrointestinal tract maturation is 1 of the many benefits of human milk. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are abundant in human milk and are reported to promote enterocyte differentiation in vitro. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of 3 predominant HMOs on multiple aspects of enterocyte maturation in vitro. Ranging from crypt-like to differentiated enterocytes, we used the well-characterized intestinal cell lines HT-29 and Caco-2Bbe to model early and late stages of differentiation, respectively. With this model of the crypt-villus axis made up of preconfluent HT-29, preconfluent Caco-2Bbe, and postconfluent Caco-2Bbe cultures, we characterized the impact of lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL), and 6'-sialyllactose on epithelial cell kinetics and function. All 3 HMOs dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation in undifferentiated HT-29 and Caco-2Bbe cultures (P < 0.05). In contrast to previous reports, only treatment with 2'FL at concentrations similar to human milk increased alkaline phosphatase activity by 31% (P = 0.044) in HT-29 cultures and increased sucrase activity by 54% (P = 0.005) in well-differentiated Caco-2Bbe cultures. LNnT at concentrations similar to that reported for human milk increased transepithelial resistance by 21% (P = 0.002) in well-differentiated Caco-2Bbe cells. In summary, all 3 HMOs reduced cell proliferation in an epithelial cell model of the crypt-villus axis. However, effects on differentiation, digestive function, and epithelial barrier function differed between the HMOs tested. These results suggest differential roles for specific HMOs in maturation of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Abstract
Intestinal adaptation is a natural compensatory process that occurs following extensive intestinal resection, whereby structural and functional changes in the intestine improve nutrient and fluid absorption in the remnant bowel. In animal studies, postresection structural adaptations include bowel lengthening and thickening and increases in villus height and crypt depth. Functional changes include increased nutrient transporter expression, accelerated crypt cell differentiation, and slowed transit time. In adult humans, data regarding adaptive changes are sparse, and the mechanisms underlying intestinal adaptation remain to be fully elucidated. Several factors influence the degree of intestinal adaptation that occurs post resection, including site and extent of resection, luminal stimulation with enteral nutrients, and intestinotrophic factors. Two intestinotrophic growth factors, the glucagon-like peptide 2 analog teduglutide and recombinant growth hormone (somatropin), are now approved for clinical use in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). Both agents enhance fluid absorption and decrease requirements for parenteral nutrition (PN) and/or intravenous fluid. Intestinal adaptation has been thought to be limited to the first 1-2 years following resection in humans. However, recent data suggest that a significant proportion of adult patients with SBS can achieve enteral autonomy, even after many years of PN dependence, particularly with trophic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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Abstract
The human small intestine is organized with a proximal-to-distal gradient of mucosal structure and nutrient processing capacity. However, certain nutrients undergo site-specific digestion and absorption, such as iron and folate in the duodenum/jejunum vs vitamin B12 and bile salts in the ileum. Intestinal resection can result in short bowel syndrome (SBS) due to reduction of total and/or site-specific nutrient processing areas. Depending on the segment(s) of intestine resected, malabsorption can be nutrient specific (eg, vitamin B12 or fat) or sweeping, with deficiencies in energy, protein, and various micronutrients. Jejunal resections are generally better tolerated than ileal resections because of greater postresection adaptive capacity than that of the jejunum. Following intestinal resection, energy scavenging and fluid absorption become particularly important in the colon owing to loss of digestive and absorptive surface area in the resection portion. Resection-induced alterations in enteroendocrine cell abundance can further disrupt intestinal function. For example, patients with end jejunostomy have depressed circulating peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide 2 concentrations, which likely contribute to the rapid intestinal transit and blunted intestinal adaptation observed in this population. SBS-associated pathophysiology often extends beyond the gastrointestinal tract, with hepatobiliary disease, metabolic bone disease, D-lactic acidosis, and kidney stone formation being chronic complications. Clinical management of SBS must be individualized to account for the specific nutrient processing deficit within the remnant bowel and to mitigate potential complications, both inside and outside the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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Tappenden KA. Resolving to Ensure the Data Lead the Way. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2014; 38:10. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607113519062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene G. Kelly
- Emeritus Member, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Marion F. Winkler
- Department of Surgery/Nutrition Support, Rhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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Tappenden KA, Quatrara B, Parkhurst ML, Malone AM, Fanjiang G, Ziegler TR. Critical role of nutrition in improving quality of care: an interdisciplinary call to action to address adult hospital malnutrition. J Acad Nutr Diet 2013; 113:1219-37. [PMID: 23871528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The current era of health care delivery, with its focus on providing high-quality, affordable care, presents many challenges to hospital-based health professionals. The prevention and treatment of hospital malnutrition offers a tremendous opportunity to optimize the overall quality of patient care, improve clinical outcomes, and reduce costs. Unfortunately, malnutrition continues to go unrecognized and untreated in many hospitalized patients. This article represents a call to action from the interdisciplinary Alliance to Advance Patient Nutrition to highlight the critical role of nutrition intervention in clinical care and to suggest practical ways to promptly diagnose and treat malnourished patients and those at risk for malnutrition. We underscore the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to addressing malnutrition both in the hospital and in the acute post-hospital phase. It is well recognized that malnutrition is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Although data vary across studies, available evidence shows that early nutrition intervention can reduce complication rates, length of hospital stay, readmission rates, mortality, and cost of care. The key is to systematically identify patients who are malnourished or at risk and to promptly intervene. We present a novel care model to drive improvement, emphasizing the following six principles: (1) create an institutional culture where all stakeholders value nutrition; (2) redefine clinicians' roles to include nutrition care; (3) recognize and diagnose all malnourished patients and those at risk; (4) rapidly implement comprehensive nutrition interventions and continued monitoring; (5) communicate nutrition care plans; and (6) develop a comprehensive discharge nutrition care and education plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Tappenden KA, Quatrara B, Parkhurst ML, Malone AM, Fanjiang G, Ziegler TR. Critical Role of Nutrition in Improving Quality of Care. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2013; 37:482-97. [PMID: 23736864 DOI: 10.1177/0148607113484066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics)
| | - Beth Quatrara
- University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia (Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses)
| | - Melissa L. Parkhurst
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (Society of Hospital Medicine)
| | - Ainsley M. Malone
- Mt Carmel West Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition)
| | | | - Thomas R. Ziegler
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (Society of Hospital Medicine)
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Tappenden KA, Quatrara B, Parkhurst ML, Malone AM, Fanjiang G, Ziegler TR. Critical role of nutrition in improving quality of care: an interdisciplinary call to action to address adult hospital malnutrition. Medsurg Nurs 2013; 22:147-165. [PMID: 23865276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The current era of health care delivery, with its focus on providing high-quality, affordable care, presents many challenges to hospital-based health professionals. The prevention and treatment of hospital malnutrition offers a tremendous opportunity to optimize the overall quality of patient care, improve clinical outcomes, and reduce costs. Unfortunately, malnutrition continues to go unrecognized and untreated in many hospitalized patients. This article represents a call to action from the interdisciplinary Alliance to Advance Patient Nutrition to highlight the critical role of nutrition intervention in clinical care and suggest practical ways for prompt diagosis and treatment of malnourished patients and those at risk for malnutrition. We underscore the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to addressing malnutrition both in the hospital and in the acute post-hospital phase. It is well recognized that malnutrition is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Although data vary across studies, available evidence shows early nutrition intervention can reduce complication rates, length of hospital stay, re-admission rates, mortality, and cost of care. The key is to identify patients systematically who are malnourished or at risk and to promptly intervene. We present a novel care model to drive improvement, emphasizing the following six principles: (1) create an institutional culture where all stakeholders value nutrition; (2) redefine clinicians' roles to include nutrition care; (3) recognize and diagnose all malnourished patients and those at risk; (4) rapidly implement comprehensive nutrition interventions and continued monitoring; (5) communicate nutrition care plans; and (6) develop a comprehensive discharge nutrition care and education plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Barnes JL, Fahey GC, Tappenden KA. Prebiotic short chain fructooligosaccharides increase butyrate but not short chain fatty acid receptor or transporter mRNA in an intestinal failure piglet model. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.867.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Barnes
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL
| | - George C. Fahey
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL
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Knapp BK, Bauer LL, Swanson KS, Tappenden KA, Fahey GC, de Godoy MRC. Soluble fiber dextrin and soluble corn fiber supplementation modify indices of health in cecum and colon of Sprague-Dawley rats. Nutrients 2013; 5:396-410. [PMID: 23381099 PMCID: PMC3635201 DOI: 10.3390/nu5020396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate health outcomes resulting from dietary supplementation of novel, low-digestible carbohydrates in the cecum and colon of Sprague-Dawley rats randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups for 21 days: 5% cellulose (Control), Pectin, soluble fiber dextrin (SFD), or soluble corn fiber (SCF). Rats fed Pectin had a higher average daily food intake, but no differences in final body weights or rates of weight gain among treatments were observed. No differences were observed in total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) or branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA) concentrations in the cecum and colon of rats fed either SFD or SCF. The SFD and SCF treatments increased cecal propionate and decreased butyrate concentrations compared to Control or Pectin. Pectin resulted in increased BCFA in the cecum and colon. Supplementation of SFD and SCF had no effect on cecal microbial populations compared to Control. Consumption of SFD and SCF increased total and empty cecal weight but not colon weight. Gut histomorphology was positively affected by SFD and SCF. Increased crypt depth, goblet cell numbers, and acidic mucin were observed in both the cecum and colon of rats supplemented with SFD, SCF, and Pectin. These novel, low-digestible carbohydrates appear to be beneficial in modulating indices of hindgut morphology when supplemented in the diet of the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda K. Knapp
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1207 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; E-Mails: (B.K.K.); (L.L.B.); (K.S.S.); (G.C.F.)
| | - Laura L. Bauer
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1207 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; E-Mails: (B.K.K.); (L.L.B.); (K.S.S.); (G.C.F.)
| | - Kelly S. Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1207 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; E-Mails: (B.K.K.); (L.L.B.); (K.S.S.); (G.C.F.)
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, 905 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; E-Mail:
| | - George C. Fahey
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1207 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; E-Mails: (B.K.K.); (L.L.B.); (K.S.S.); (G.C.F.)
| | - Maria R. C. de Godoy
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1207 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; E-Mails: (B.K.K.); (L.L.B.); (K.S.S.); (G.C.F.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.:+1-217-333-7348; Fax: +1-217-333-7861
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Seidner DL, Schwartz LK, Winkler MF, Jeejeebhoy K, Boullata JI, Tappenden KA. Increased Intestinal Absorption in the Era of Teduglutide and Its Impact on Management Strategies in Patients With Short Bowel Syndrome–Associated Intestinal Failure. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2013; 37:201-11. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607112472906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas L. Seidner
- Vanderbilt Center for Human Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lauren K. Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, New York
| | - Marion F. Winkler
- Department of Surgery/Nutrition Support, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Khursheed Jeejeebhoy
- Department of Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph I. Boullata
- Department of Biobehavioral & Health Science, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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Tappenden KA. Seeing a difference in C. diff. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2012; 36:625. [PMID: 23081698 DOI: 10.1177/0148607112464856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Tappenden KA. A Challenge to Providers of Clinical Nutrition Therapy. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2012; 36:377. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607112451740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Barnes JL, Hartmann B, Holst JJ, Tappenden KA. Intestinal adaptation is stimulated by partial enteral nutrition supplemented with the prebiotic short-chain fructooligosaccharide in a neonatal intestinal failure piglet model. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2012; 36:524-37. [PMID: 22517051 DOI: 10.1177/0148607112444131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Butyrate has been shown to stimulate intestinal adaptation when added to parenteral nutrition (PN) following small bowel resection but is not available in current PN formulations. The authors hypothesized that pre- and probiotic administration may be a clinically feasible method to administer butyrate and stimulate intestinal adaptation. METHODS AND MATERIALS Neonatal piglets (48 hours old, n = 87) underwent placement of a jugular catheter and an 80% jejunoileal resection and were randomized to one of the following treatment groups: control (20% standard enteral nutrition/80% standard PN), control plus prebiotic (10 g/L short-chain fructooligosaccharides [scFOS]), control plus probiotic (1 × 10(9) CFU Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG [LGG]), or control plus synbiotic (scFOS + LGG). Animals received infusions for 24 hours, 3 days, or 7 days, and markers of intestinal adaptation were assessed. RESULTS Prebiotic treatment increased ileal mucosa weight compared with all other treatments (P = .017) and ileal protein compared with control (P = .049), regardless of day. Ileal villus length increased in the prebiotic and synbiotic group (P = .011), regardless of day, specifically due to an increase in epithelial proliferation (P = .003). In the 7-day prebiotic group, peptide transport was upregulated in the jejunum (P = .026), whereas glutamine transport was increased in both the jejunum and colon (P = .001 and .003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Prebiotic and/or synbiotic supplementation resulted in enhanced structure and function throughout the residual intestine. Identification of a synergistic prebiotic and probiotic combination may enhance the promising results obtained with prebiotic treatment alone.
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Barnes JL, Tappenden KA. Chronic antibiotic administration increases intestinal mass but inhibits functional adaptation in an intestinal failure piglet model. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.375.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana- ChampaignUrbanaIL
- Food Science and Human NutritionUniversity of Illinois Urbana- ChampaignUrbanaIL
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Cephas KD, Mangian HF, Tappenden KA, Swanson KS. Effects of prebiotic inclusion and chain length on intestinal barrier, histomorphology, and mRNA abundance in obese C57BL/6J mice. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.364.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly D. Cephas
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIL
| | - Heather F. Mangian
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIL
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIL
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionUniversity of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIL
| | - Kelly S. Swanson
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIL
- Department of Animal SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIL
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Tappenden KA. When Biomedical Animal Research Makes “Sense”. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2012; 36:145-6. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607112439682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Holscher HD, Faust KL, Czerkies LA, Litov R, Ziegler EE, Lessin H, Hatch T, Sun S, Tappenden KA. Effects of Prebiotic-Containing Infant Formula on Gastrointestinal Tolerance and Fecal Microbiota in a Randomized Controlled Trial. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2012; 36:95S-105S. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607111430087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shumei Sun
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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Holscher HD, Czerkies LA, Cekola P, Litov R, Benbow M, Santema S, Alexander DD, Perez V, Sun S, Saavedra JM, Tappenden KA. Bifidobacterium lactisBb12 Enhances Intestinal Antibody Response in Formula-Fed Infants. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2012; 36:106S-17S. [DOI: 10.1177/0148607111430817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah D. Holscher
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Marshall Benbow
- Southwest Children’s Research Associates, P.A., San Antonio, Texas
| | | | | | - Vanessa Perez
- Exponent, Inc, Health Sciences Practice, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shumei Sun
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | | | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois
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Abstract
The occasion of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 33rd Presidential Address was used to glean wisdom and inspiration from the ileum. Not only is this intestinal segment so central to the chief organ involved in specialized nutrition support, but it is a complex, yet elegant system that: (1) is interdisciplinary with actions coordinated to achieve a common goal; (2) looks to the future by mentoring the next generation of leaders; (3) constantly seeks evidence of its effectiveness and accordingly adjusts its practice; and (4) strategically forges synergistic partnerships with other habitants within its environment. As relevant within many other realms, it remains true that much can be learned from looking within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Holscher HD, Davis SR, Tappenden KA. A human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) influences cell proliferation in transformed human intestinal cells (CaCo‐2Bbe & HT‐29). FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.lb187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Yang C, Albin DM, Wang Z, Stoll B, Lackeyram D, Swanson KC, Yin Y, Tappenden KA, Mine Y, Yada RY, Burrin DG, Fan MZ, Arrese M, Riquelme A. Apical Na+-D-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) activity and protein abundance are expressed along the jejunal crypt-villus axis in the neonatal pig. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; 300:G60-70. [PMID: 21030609 PMCID: PMC3025512 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00208.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gut apical Na(+)-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) activity is high at the birth and during suckling, thus contributing substantially to neonatal glucose homeostasis. We hypothesize that neonates possess high SGLT1 maximal activity by expressing apical SGLT1 protein along the intestinal crypt-villus axis via unique control mechanisms. Kinetics of SGLT1 activity in apical membrane vesicles, prepared from epithelial cells sequentially isolated along the jejunal crypt-villus axis from neonatal piglets by the distended intestinal sac method, were measured. High levels of maximal SGLT1 uptake activity were shown to exist along the jejunal crypt-villus axis in the piglets. Real-time RT-PCR analyses showed that SGLT1 mRNA abundance was lower (P < 0.05) by 30-35% in crypt cells than in villus cells. There were no significant differences in SGLT1 protein abundances on the jejunal apical membrane among upper villus, middle villus, and crypt cells, consistent with the immunohistochemical staining pattern. Higher abundances (P < 0.05) of total eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) protein and eIE4E-binding protein 1 γ-isoform in contrast to a lower (P < 0.05) abundance of phosphorylated (Pi) eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) protein and the eEF2-Pi to total eEF2 abundance ratio suggest higher global protein translational efficiency in the crypt cells than in the upper villus cells. In conclusion, neonates have high intestinal apical SGLT1 uptake activity by abundantly expressing SGLT1 protein in the epithelia and on the apical membrane along the entire crypt-villus axis in association with enhanced protein translational control mechanisms in the crypt cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbo Yang
- 1Center for Nutrition Modeling, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada;
| | - David M. Albin
- 2Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois;
| | - Zirong Wang
- 3College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China;
| | - Barbara Stoll
- 4Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas;
| | - Dale Lackeyram
- 1Center for Nutrition Modeling, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Kendall C. Swanson
- 1Center for Nutrition Modeling, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Yulong Yin
- 5Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- 2Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois;
| | - Yoshinori Mine
- 6Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rickey Y. Yada
- 6Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas G. Burrin
- 4Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas;
| | - Ming Z. Fan
- 1Center for Nutrition Modeling, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada;
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Abstract
Given the immeasurable human distress and health care burden associated with intestinal failure, medical therapies aimed at intestinal rehabilitation are needed. Following massive small-bowel resection, the residual intestine is known to adapt structurally and functionally in an attempt to compensate for the resected portion. However, parenteral nutrition may be associated with many short- and long-term complications, including prevention of intestinal adaptation and promotion of mucosal atrophy due to lack of stimulus provided by oral or enteral nutrition. However, data herein demonstrate that the addition of butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced in the colon by dietary fiber fermentation, stimulates intestinal adaptation when added to parenteral nutrition, indicating that current solutions could be formulated to optimize intestinal adaptation and to reduce dependence of individuals with intestinal failure receiving long-term parenteral nutrition regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Tappenden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 443 Bevier Hall, 905 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61821, USA.
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Sherry CL, Kim SS, Dilger RN, Bauer LL, Moon ML, Tapping RI, Fahey GC, Tappenden KA, Freund GG. Sickness behavior induced by endotoxin can be mitigated by the dietary soluble fiber, pectin, through up-regulation of IL-4 and Th2 polarization. Brain Behav Immun 2010; 24:631-40. [PMID: 20138982 PMCID: PMC2856791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2010.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral activation of the immune system by infectious agents triggers the brain-cytokine system causing sickness behaviors which profoundly impact well-being. Dietary fiber is a beneficial foodstuff that, from a gastrointestinal tract perspective, exists in both insoluble and soluble forms. We show that a diet rich in soluble fiber protects mice from endotoxin-induced sickness behavior by polarizing mice Th2 when compared to a diet containing only insoluble fiber. Mice fed soluble fiber became less sick and recovered faster from endotoxin-induced sickness behaviors than mice fed insoluble fiber. In response to intraperitoneal endotoxin, mice fed soluble fiber had up-regulated IL-1RA and reduced IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in the brain as compared to mice fed insoluble fiber. Importantly, mice fed soluble fiber had a basal increase in IL-4 in the ileum and spleen which was absent in MyD88 knockout mice. Con-A stimulated splenocytes from mice fed soluble fiber showed increased IL-4 and IL-5 and decreased IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-gamma when compared to mice fed insoluble fiber. Likewise, endotoxin-stimulated macrophages from mice fed soluble fiber demonstrated decreased IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-12 and nitrate and increased IL-1RA, arginase 1 and Ym1 when compared to mice fed insoluble fiber. Finally, the behavioral protection afforded by feeding mice soluble fiber was reduced in IL-4 knockout mice, as was the impact of soluble fiber on Con-A stimulated splenocytes and endotoxin activated macrophages. These data show that a diet rich in soluble fiber protects against endotoxin-induced sickness behavior by polarizing mice Th2 and promoting alternative activation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L. Sherry
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Stephanie S. Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ryan N. Dilger
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Laura L. Bauer
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Morgan L. Moon
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Richard I. Tapping
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - George C. Fahey
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Kelly A. Tappenden
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Gregory G. Freund
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Woodard J, Correa‐Matos NJ, Tappenden KA. The provision of the fermentable fibers soy polysaccharides and fructooligosaccharides increases short‐chain fatty acid transporter abundance in healthy piglets. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.102.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Woodard
- Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL
| | | | - Kelly A Tappenden
- Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL
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Mangian HF, Tappenden KA. Butyrate increases GLUT2 mRNA abundance by initiating transcription in Caco2-BBe cells. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2010; 33:607-17; discussion 617. [PMID: 19892901 DOI: 10.1177/0148607109336599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) is a high-capacity, facilitative intestinal monosaccharide transporter, known to be upregulated by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from the intestinal microbiota during fermentation. Understanding the mechanisms regulating intestinal function is important to optimize therapies for patients with intestinal failure and ultimately reduce their dependence on parenteral nutrition. OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the mechanism regulating the underlying response of GLUT2 to the SCFA butyrate. METHODS GLUT2 messenger RNA (mRNA) abundance was measured in differentiated Caco2-BBe monolayers treated for 0.5-24 hours with 0-20 mM butyrate using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Activation of the human GLUT2 promoter was measured using luciferase reporting in transiently transfected Caco2-BBe monolayers. RESULTS GLUT2 mRNA abundance was higher (P < .0001) with 1-4 hours of exposure to 2.5, 7.5, and 10 mM butyrate. Butyrate induced (P < .0001) promoter activity in a dose-dependent fashion. Analysis of the GLUT2 promoter indicated that regions -282/+522, -216/+522, and -145/+522 had a heightened (P < .05) response to butyrate compared with 1135/+522 and 564/+522. CONCLUSIONS Butyrate upregulates GLUT2 mRNA abundance in Caco2-BBe monolayers by activating specific regions within the human GLUT2 promoter. These results identify a cellular mechanism wherein butyrate upregulates intestinal absorption that may be relevant to patients with reduced function. Additional work is necessary to understand cellular targets of butyrate therapy and define clinically appropriate means of providing such strategies, such as consuming prebiotics and probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather F Mangian
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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