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Zerbato V, Di Bella S, Pol R, Luzzati R, Sanson G, Ambretti S, Andreoni S, Aschbacher R, Bernardo M, Bielli A, Brigante G, Busetti M, Camarlinghi G, Carcione D, Carducci A, Clementi N, Carretto E, Chilleri C, Codda G, Consonni A, Costantino V, Cortazzo V, Di Santolo M, Dodaro S, Fiori B, García-Fernández A, Foschi C, Gobbato E, Greco F, La Ragione RM, Mancini N, Maraolo AE, Marchese A, Marcuccio D, Marrollo R, Mauri C, Mazzariol A, Morroni G, Mosca A, Nigrisoli G, Pagani E, Parisio EM, Pollini S, Sarti M, Sorrentino A, Trotta D, Villa L, Vismara C, Principe L. Human Campylobacter spp. infections in Italy. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024:10.1007/s10096-024-04803-0. [PMID: 38472522 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Campylobacter is a frequent cause of enteric infections with common antimicrobial resistance issues. The most recent reports of campylobacteriosis in Italy include data from 2013 to 2016. We aimed to provide national epidemiological and microbiological data on human Campylobacter infections in Italy during the period 2017-2021. METHODS Data was collected from 19 Hospitals in 13 Italian Regions. Bacterial identification was performed by mass spectrometry. Antibiograms were determined with Etest or Kirby-Bauer (EUCAST criteria). RESULTS In total, 5419 isolations of Campylobacter spp. were performed. The most common species were C. jejuni (n = 4535, 83.7%), followed by C. coli (n = 732, 13.5%) and C. fetus (n = 34, 0.6%). The mean age of patients was 34.61 years and 57.1% were males. Outpatients accounted for 54% of the cases detected. Campylobacter were isolated from faeces in 97.3% of cases and in 2.7% from blood. C. fetus was mostly isolated from blood (88.2% of cases). We tested for antimicrobial susceptibility 4627 isolates (85.4%). Resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracyclines was 75.5% and 54.8%, respectively; resistance to erythromycin was 4.8%; clarithromycin 2% and azithromycin 2%. 50% of C. jejuni and C. coli were resistant to ≥ 2 antibiotics. Over the study period, resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracyclines significantly decreased (p < 0.005), while resistance to macrolides remained stable. CONCLUSION Campylobacter resistance to fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines in Italy is decreasing but is still high, while macrolides retain good activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Zerbato
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Trieste University Hospital (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy.
| | - Stefano Di Bella
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pol
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Trieste University Hospital (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Luzzati
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sanson
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Ambretti
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Andreoni
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Corso Mazzini 18, Novara, Italy
| | - Richard Aschbacher
- Laboratorio Aziendale Di Microbiologia E Virologia, Comprensorio Sanitario Di Bolzano, Azienda Sanitaria Dell'Alto Adige, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Mariano Bernardo
- Microbiology Unit, AORN Ospedali Dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bielli
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Gioconda Brigante
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, ASST Valle Olona, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - Marina Busetti
- Microbiology Unit, Trieste University Hospital (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulio Camarlinghi
- Microbiology Analysis Unit, San Donato Hospital, USL Toscana Sud Est, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Davide Carcione
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, ASST Valle Olona, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Clementi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology at Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Carretto
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Chiara Chilleri
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Codda
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Consonni
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Venera Costantino
- Microbiology Unit, Trieste University Hospital (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Venere Cortazzo
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Biotecnologiche Di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche E Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Saveria Dodaro
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, "Annunziata" Hospital of Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Barbara Fiori
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Di Laboratorio E Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Foschi
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Gobbato
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Corso Mazzini 18, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Greco
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, "Annunziata" Hospital of Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Roberto Marcello La Ragione
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Fondazione Macchi University Hospital, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Anna Marchese
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Marcuccio
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Great Metropolitan Hospital "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli", Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Roberta Marrollo
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Carola Mauri
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Annarita Mazzariol
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Morroni
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Adriana Mosca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Nigrisoli
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pagani
- Laboratorio Aziendale Di Microbiologia E Virologia, Comprensorio Sanitario Di Bolzano, Azienda Sanitaria Dell'Alto Adige, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Eva Maria Parisio
- Microbiology Analysis Unit, San Donato Hospital, USL Toscana Sud Est, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Simona Pollini
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Sarti
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, AOU Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Annarita Sorrentino
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Domenico Trotta
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Vismara
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Principe
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Great Metropolitan Hospital "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli", Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Garcia-Fernandez A, Janowicz A, Marotta F, Napoleoni M, Arena S, Primavilla S, Pitti M, Romantini R, Tomei F, Garofolo G, Villa L. Antibiotic resistance, plasmids, and virulence-associated markers in human strains of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated in Italy. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1293666. [PMID: 38260875 PMCID: PMC10800408 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1293666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Campylobacteriosis, a prevalent foodborne gastrointestinal infection in Europe, is primarily caused by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, with rising global concerns over antimicrobial resistance in these species. This study comprehensively investigates 133 human-origin Campylobacter spp. strains (102 C. jejuni and 31 C. coli) collected in Italy from 2013 to 2021. The predominant Multilocus Sequence Typing Clonal complexes (CCs) were ST-21 CC and ST-206 CC in C. jejuni and ST-828 CC in C. coli. Ciprofloxacin and tetracycline resistance, mainly attributed to GyrA (T86I) mutation and tet(O) presence, were prevalent, while erythromycin resistance was associated with 23S rRNA gene mutation (A2075G), particularly in C. coli exhibiting multidrug-resistant pattern CipTE. Notable disparities in virulence factors among strains were observed, with C. jejuni exhibiting a higher abundance compared to C. coli. Notably, specific C. jejuni sequence types, including ST-21, ST-5018, and ST-1263, demonstrated significantly elevated counts of virulence genes. This finding underscores the significance of considering both the species and strain-level variations in virulence factor profiles, shedding light on potential differences in the pathogenicity and clinical outcomes associated with distinct C. jejuni lineages. Campylobacter spp. plasmids were classified into three groups comprising pVir-like and pTet-like plasmids families, exhibiting diversity among Campylobacter spp. The study underscores the importance of early detection through Whole Genome Sequencing to identify potential emergent virulence, resistance/virulence plasmids, and new antimicrobial resistance markers. This approach provides actionable public health data, supporting the development of robust surveillance programs in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Janowicz
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Marotta
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Maira Napoleoni
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Patogeni Enterici, CRRPE, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “T. Rosati”, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sergio Arena
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Primavilla
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Patogeni Enterici, CRRPE, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “T. Rosati”, Perugia, Italy
| | - Monica Pitti
- Centro di Riferimento per la Tipizzazione delle Salmonelle, CeRTiS, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | - Romina Romantini
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Giuliano Garofolo
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Napoleoni M, Villa L, Barco L, Lucarelli C, Tiengo A, Baggio G, Dionisi AM, Angellotti A, Ferretti E, Ruggeri S, Staffolani M, Rocchegiani E, Silenzi V, Morandi B, Blasi G. Monophasic Variant of Salmonella Typhimurium 4,[5],12:i:- (ACSSuGmTmpSxt Type) Outbreak in Central Italy Linked to the Consumption of a Roasted Pork Product (Porchetta). Microorganisms 2023; 11:2567. [PMID: 37894225 PMCID: PMC10609469 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The monophasic variant of S. Typhimurium 4,[5],12:i:- (MVST) is the third most commonly reported Salmonella serovar involved in human infections (8.8%) in the EU and ranks after S. Enteritidis (54.6%) and S. Typhimurium (11.4%). In Italy, in contrast, the MVST has achieved peculiar epidemiological and ecological success which has allowed it to be, since 2011, the serovar most frequently isolated from humans. In the summer of 2022, a foodborne outbreak of the MVST involving 63 people occurred in the Marche Region (Central Italy). A common food exposure source among some human cases was a roasted, ready-to-eat (RTE) pork product, porchetta, which is a typical product of Central Italy. This paper describes the results of investigations conducted to clarify this outbreak. The porchetta was produced by a local manufacturing plant and distributed to at least two local retail stores, one of which was the retail outlet for the manufacturing plant. The MVST was isolated from surface samples collected at the porchetta manufacturing plant and at both local retail stores via bacterial analysis, and the porchetta sampled at one store contained the MVST. These data confirm this type of RTE pork product can be a source of Salmonella infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira Napoleoni
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Patogeni Enterici Marche, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, Via Maestri del Lavoro, 7, 62029 Tolentino, Macerata, Italy; (M.S.); (E.R.); (V.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Laura Villa
- Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Roma, Italy; (L.V.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Lisa Barco
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale e Laboratorio di Referenza WOAH per le Salmonellosi, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy; (L.B.); (A.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Claudia Lucarelli
- Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Roma, Italy; (L.V.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Alessia Tiengo
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale e Laboratorio di Referenza WOAH per le Salmonellosi, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy; (L.B.); (A.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Giulia Baggio
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale e Laboratorio di Referenza WOAH per le Salmonellosi, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Viale dell’Università, 10, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy; (L.B.); (A.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Anna Maria Dionisi
- Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Roma, Italy; (L.V.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Antonio Angellotti
- UOC Igiene degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Azienda Sanitaria Territoriale Fermo—Marche, Via Zeppilli, 22A, 63900 Fermo, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Ezio Ferretti
- UOC Igiene degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Azienda Sanitaria Territoriale Fermo—Marche, Via Zeppilli, 22A, 63900 Fermo, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Simonetta Ruggeri
- UOC Igiene degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Azienda Sanitaria Territoriale Fermo—Marche, Via Zeppilli, 22A, 63900 Fermo, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (S.R.)
| | - Monica Staffolani
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Patogeni Enterici Marche, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, Via Maestri del Lavoro, 7, 62029 Tolentino, Macerata, Italy; (M.S.); (E.R.); (V.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Elena Rocchegiani
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Patogeni Enterici Marche, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, Via Maestri del Lavoro, 7, 62029 Tolentino, Macerata, Italy; (M.S.); (E.R.); (V.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Valentina Silenzi
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Patogeni Enterici Marche, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, Via Maestri del Lavoro, 7, 62029 Tolentino, Macerata, Italy; (M.S.); (E.R.); (V.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Benedetto Morandi
- Laboratorio di Diagnostica Animale, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, Via Maestri del Lavoro, 7, 62029 Tolentino, Macerata, Italy;
| | - Giuliana Blasi
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Patogeni Enterici Marche, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati”, Via Maestri del Lavoro, 7, 62029 Tolentino, Macerata, Italy; (M.S.); (E.R.); (V.S.); (G.B.)
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Fortini D, García-Fernández A, Lucarelli C, Dionisi AM, Arena S, Owczarek S, Equestre M, Carattoli A, Sacco F, Rossi S, Ortenzi R, Primavilla S, Villa L. Isolation and Characterisation of Human-Derived blaKPC-3-Producing Salmonella enterica Serovar Rissen in 2018. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1377. [PMID: 37760674 PMCID: PMC10525129 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we describe a Salmonella enterica serovar (S.) Rissen strain with a reduced susceptibility to meropenem, isolated from a urinary infection in an 89-year-old woman in 2018 during activity surveillance in Italy (Enter-Net Italia). The genomic characteristics, pathogenicity, and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms were investigated via a genomic approach. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed a "susceptible, increased exposure" phenotype to meropenem in the S. Rissen strain (4_29_19). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed using both the NovaSeq 6000 S4 PE150 XP platform (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) and MinION (Oxford Nanopore). The S. Rissen 4_29_19 strain harboured two plasmids: a pKpQIL-like plasmid carrying the blaKPC-3 resistance gene in a Tn4401a transposon (pKPC_4_29_19), and a ColE-like plasmid (p4_4_29_19) without resistance genes, highly prevalent among Enterobacterales. Comparative analysis revealed that the pKPC_4_29_19 plasmid was highly related to the pKpQIL reference plasmid (GU595196), with 57% coverage and 99.96% identity, but lacking a region of about 30 kb, involving the FIIK2 replicon region and the entire transfer locus, causing the loss of its ability to conjugate. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a pKpQIL-like plasmid, carrying blaKPC-3, highly diffused in Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, has been identified in a Salmonella strain in our country. The acquisition of blaKPC genes by Salmonella spp. is extremely rare, and is reported only sporadically. In zoonotic bacteria isolated from humans, the presence of a carbapenem resistance gene carried by mobile genetic elements, usually described in healthcare-associated infection bacteria, represents an important concern for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fortini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (A.G.-F.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.); (S.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Aurora García-Fernández
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (A.G.-F.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.); (S.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Claudia Lucarelli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (A.G.-F.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.); (S.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Anna Maria Dionisi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (A.G.-F.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.); (S.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Sergio Arena
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (A.G.-F.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.); (S.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Slawomir Owczarek
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (A.G.-F.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.); (S.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Michele Equestre
- Department of Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Carattoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Federica Sacco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Stefano Rossi
- Hospital Castiglione del Lago, USL Umbria n.1, 06061 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Roberta Ortenzi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “T. Rosati”, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (R.O.); (S.P.)
| | - Sara Primavilla
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “T. Rosati”, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (R.O.); (S.P.)
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (A.G.-F.); (C.L.); (A.M.D.); (S.A.); (S.O.)
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Arcari G, Polani R, Santilli S, Capitani V, Sacco F, Bruno F, Garcia-Fernandez A, Raponi G, Villa L, Gentile G, Carattoli A. Multiplicity of blaKPC Genes and pKpQIL Plasmid Plasticity in the Development of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Meropenem Coresistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 307. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0036823. [PMID: 37428086 PMCID: PMC10433805 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00368-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2021, Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 307 (ST307) strains causing pulmonary and bloodstream infections identified in a hospital in Rome, Italy, reached high levels of resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA). One of these strains reached high levels of resistance to both CZA and carbapenems and carried two copies of blaKPC-3 and one copy of blaKPC-31 located on plasmid pKpQIL. The genomes and plasmids of CZA-resistant ST307 strains were analyzed to identify the molecular mechanisms leading to the evolution of resistance and compared with ST307 genomes at local and global levels. A complex pattern of multiple plasmids in rearranged configurations, coresident within the CZA-carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae strain, was observed. Characterization of these plasmids revealed recombination and segregation events explaining why K. pneumoniae isolates from the same patient had different antibiotic resistance profiles. This study illustrates the intense genetic plasticity occurring in ST307, one of the most worldwide-diffused K. pneumoniae high-risk clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Arcari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Santilli
- Complex Operating Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Capitani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Sacco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Complex Operating Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Bruno
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giammarco Raponi
- Complex Operating Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gentile
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Petrin S, Wijnands L, Benincà E, Mughini-Gras L, Delfgou-van Asch EHM, Villa L, Orsini M, Losasso C, Olsen JE, Barco L. Assessing phenotypic virulence of Salmonella enterica across serovars and sources. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1184387. [PMID: 37346753 PMCID: PMC10279978 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1184387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is increasingly used for characterizing foodborne pathogens and it has become a standard typing technique for surveillance and research purposes. WGS data can help assessing microbial risks and defining risk mitigating strategies for foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella enterica. Methods To test the hypothesis that (combinations of) different genes can predict the probability of infection [P(inf)] given exposure to a certain pathogen strain, we determined P(inf) based on invasion potential of 87 S. enterica strains belonging to 15 serovars isolated from animals, foodstuffs and human patients, in an in vitro gastrointestinal tract (GIT) model system. These genomes were sequenced with WGS and screened for genes potentially involved in virulence. A random forest (RF) model was applied to assess whether P(inf) of a strain could be predicted based on the presence/absence of those genes. Moreover, the association between P(inf) and biofilm formation in different experimental conditions was assessed. Results and Discussion P(inf) values ranged from 6.7E-05 to 5.2E-01, showing variability both among and within serovars. P(inf) values also varied between isolation sources, but no unambiguous pattern was observed in the tested serovars. Interestingly, serovars causing the highest number of human infections did not show better ability to invade cells in the GIT model system, with strains belonging to other serovars displaying even higher infectivity. The RF model did not identify any virulence factor as significant P(inf) predictors. Significant associations of P(inf) with biofilm formation were found in all the different conditions for a limited number of serovars, indicating that the two phenotypes are governed by different mechanisms and that the ability to form biofilm does not correlate with the ability to invade epithelial cells. Other omics techniques therefore seem more promising as alternatives to identify genes associated with P(inf), and different hypotheses, such as gene expression rather than presence/absence, could be tested to explain phenotypic virulence [P(inf)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Petrin
- Microbial Ecology and Microrganisms Genomics Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lucas Wijnands
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Elisa Benincà
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Lapo Mughini-Gras
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ellen H. M. Delfgou-van Asch
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Orsini
- Microbial Ecology and Microrganisms Genomics Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Carmen Losasso
- Microbial Ecology and Microrganisms Genomics Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - John E. Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lisa Barco
- WHOA and National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
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Villa L, Boga JA, Otero L, Vazquez F, Milagro A, Salmerón P, Vall-Mayans M, Maciá MD, Bernal S, Piñeiro L. Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Chlamydia trachomatis Isolates from Patients with Persistent or Clinical Treatment Failure in Spain. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:975. [PMID: 37370294 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this multicentre project (seven hospitals across the Spanish National Health Service) was to study the phenotypic and genotypic susceptibility of C. trachomatis to the main antimicrobials used (macrolides, doxycycline, and quinolones) in isolates from patients with clinical treatment failure in whom reinfection had been ruled out. During 2018-2019, 73 clinical isolates were selected. Sixty-nine clinical specimens were inoculated onto confluent McCoy cell monolayers for phenotypic susceptibility testing. The minimum inhibitory concentration for azithromycin and doxycycline was defined as the lowest concentration associated with an at least 95% reduction in inclusion-forming units after one passage in the presence of the antibiotic compared to the initial inoculum for each strain (control). Sequencing analysis was performed for the genotypic detection of resistance to macrolides, analysing mutations in the 23S rRNA gene (at positions 2057, 2058, 2059, and 2611), and quinolones, analysing a fragment of the gyrA gene, and searching for the G248T mutation (Ser83->Ile). For tetracyclines, in-house RT-PCR was used to test for the tet(C) gene. The phenotypic susceptibility testing was successful for 10 isolates. All the isolates had minimum inhibitory concentrations for azithromycin ≤ 0.125 mg/L and for doxycycline ≤ 0.064 mg/L and were considered sensitive. Of the 73 strains studied, no mutations were found at positions T2611C or G248T of the gyrA gene. We successfully sequenced 66 isolates. No macrolide resistance-associated mutations were found at positions 2057, 2058, 2059, or T2611C. None of the isolates carried the tet(C) gene. We found no evidence for genomic resistance in this large, clinically relevant dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Villa
- Microbiology Department, Central University Hospital of Asturias and Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Boga
- Microbiology Department, Central University Hospital of Asturias and Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis Otero
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Cabueñes University Hospital, and Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), 33394 Gijón, Spain
| | - Fernando Vazquez
- Microbiology Department, Central University Hospital of Asturias and Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Functional Biology, Microbiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Milagro
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paula Salmerón
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Vall d'Hebrón University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martí Vall-Mayans
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Vall'Hebron-Drassanes STI Unit, Infectious Diseases, Vall d'Hebrón University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Dolores Maciá
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Son Espases University Hospital, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Samuel Bernal
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Unit, Valme University Hospital, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Piñeiro
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Donostia University Hospital-Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
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8
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Russini V, Giancola ML, Brunetti G, Calbi C, Anzivino E, Nisii C, Scaramella L, Dionisi AM, Faraglia F, Selleri M, Villa L, Lovari S, De Marchis ML, Bossù T, Vairo F, Pagnanelli A, Nicastri E. A Cholera Case Imported from Bangladesh to Italy: Clinico-Epidemiological Management and Molecular Characterization in a Non-Endemic Country. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8050266. [PMID: 37235314 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8050266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the number of cholera outbreaks reported worldwide, only a few cases are recorded among returning European travellers. We describe the case of a 41-year-old male, returning to Italy after a stay in Bangladesh, his origin country, who presented with watery diarrhoea. Vibrio cholerae and norovirus were detected in the patient's stools via multiplex PCR methods. Direct microscopy, Gram staining, culture and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed. The isolates were tested using end-point PCR for the detection of potentially enteropathogenic V. cholera. Serotype and cholera toxins identification were carried out. Whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed, and antimicrobial resistance genes identified. A phylogenetic tree with the most similar genomes of databases previously described was built. Sample of the food brought back by the patient were also collected and analysed. The patient was diagnosed with V. cholerae O1, serotype Inaba, norovirus and SARS-CoV-2 concomitant infection. The isolated V. cholerae strain was found to belong to ST69, encoding for cholera toxin, ctxB7 type and was phylogenetically related to the 2018 outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach in a cholera non-endemic country ensured rapid and accurate diagnosis, timely clinical management, and epidemiological investigation at national and international level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Russini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri"-Sezione di Roma, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Giancola
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) "Lazzaro Spallanzani", IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Carmela Calbi
- Policlinico Casilino General Hospital, 00169 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Anzivino
- Policlinico Casilino General Hospital, 00169 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Nisii
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) "Lazzaro Spallanzani", IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Scaramella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri"-Sezione di Roma, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Dionisi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Faraglia
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) "Lazzaro Spallanzani", IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Selleri
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) "Lazzaro Spallanzani", IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Lovari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri"-Sezione di Roma, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Laura De Marchis
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri"-Sezione di Roma, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Bossù
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri"-Sezione di Roma, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Vairo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) "Lazzaro Spallanzani", IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Nicastri
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) "Lazzaro Spallanzani", IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy
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9
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Cupaioli FA, Mosca E, Magri C, Gennarelli M, Moscatelli M, Raggi ME, Landini M, Galluccio N, Villa L, Bonfanti A, Renieri A, Fallerini C, Minelli A, Marabotti A, Milanesi L, Fasano A, Mezzelani A. Author Correction: Assessment of haptoglobin alleles in autism spectrum disorders. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6321. [PMID: 37072449 PMCID: PMC10113321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Anna Cupaioli
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - Ettore Mosca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - Chiara Magri
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Biology and Genetic Unit, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Biology and Genetic Unit, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro S. Giovanni di Dio, Fatebenefratelli, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Moscatelli
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | | | - Martina Landini
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - Nadia Galluccio
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Arianna Bonfanti
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Minelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Biology and Genetic Unit, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Marabotti
- Department Chemistry and Biology, "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, (SA), Italy
| | - Luciano Milanesi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, and Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), EBRIS Foundation, Via Salvatore de Renzi, 3, 84125, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mezzelani
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Italy.
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Piñeiro L, Villa L, Salmerón P, Maciá MD, Otero L, Vall-Mayans M, Milagro A, Bernal S, Manzanal A, Ansa I, Cilla G. Genetic Characterization of Non- Lymphogranuloma venereum Chlamydia trachomatis Indicates Distinct Infection Transmission Networks in Spain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086941. [PMID: 37108105 PMCID: PMC10138622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis infection is an important public health problem. Our objective was to assess the dynamics of the transmission of this infection, analysing the distribution of circulating ompA genotypes and multilocus sequence types of C. trachomatis in Spain as a function of clinical and epidemiological variables. During 2018 and 2019, we genetically characterized C. trachomatis in tertiary hospitals in six areas in Spain (Asturias, Barcelona, Gipuzkoa, Mallorca, Seville and Zaragoza), with a catchment population of 3.050 million people. Genotypes and sequence types were obtained using polymerase chain reaction techniques that amplify a fragment of the ompA gene, and five highly variable genes (hctB, CT058, CT144, CT172 and pbpB), respectively. Amplicons were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was conducted. We obtained genotypes in 636/698 cases (91.1%). Overall and by area, genotype E was the most common (35%). Stratifying by sex, genotypes D and G were more common among men, and genotypes F and I among women (p < 0.05). Genotypes D, G and J were more common in men who have sex with men (MSM) than in men who have sex with women (MSW), in whom the most common genotypes were E and F. The diversity index was higher in sequence typing (0.981) than in genotyping (0.791), and the most common sequence types were ST52 and ST108 in MSM, and ST30, ST148, ST276 and ST327 in MSW. Differences in genotype distribution between geographical areas were attributable to differences in population characteristics. The transmission dynamics varied with sexual behaviour: the predominant genotypes and most frequent sequence types found in MSM were different to those detected in MSW and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Piñeiro
- Microbiology Department, Donostia University Hospital-Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Villa
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Paula Salmerón
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Vall d'Hebrón University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Maciá
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Son Espases University Hospital, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Luis Otero
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Cabueñes University Hospital, 33394 Gijón, Spain
| | - Martí Vall-Mayans
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Vall'Hebron-Drassanes STI Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebrón University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Milagro
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Samuel Bernal
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Study Group of the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Spanish Society (GEITS-SEIMC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Unit, Valme University Hospital, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Ayla Manzanal
- Microbiology Department, Donostia University Hospital-Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Iñigo Ansa
- Microbiology Department, Donostia University Hospital-Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Gustavo Cilla
- Microbiology Department, Donostia University Hospital-Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
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Riva V, Villa L, Fulceri F, Arduino GM, Leonti G, Valeri G, Casula L, Zoccante L, Puttini E, Sogos C, Presicce M, Bentenuto A, Apicella F, Molteni M, Scattoni ML. The teleNIDA: Early Screening of Autism Spectrum Disorder Through a Novel Telehealth Approach. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-05927-6. [PMID: 36814040 PMCID: PMC9946866 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has fast-tracked interest in telehealth methods to guarantee the continuity of care of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Store-and-forward telehealth approaches offer the opportunity to facilitate timely screening of ASD, allowing parents to record videos of their child's behaviors, subsequently shared with clinicians that provide an assessment remotely. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of a new telehealth screening tool, the teleNIDA, administered in home settings for remote observation of early signs of ASD in toddlers aged 18-30 months. Results showed good psychometric properties of the teleNIDA, as compared to the gold standard in-person assessment, and the predictive validity on the diagnosis of ASD at 36 months was demonstrated. This study supports the teleNIDA as a promising level 2 screening tool for ASD able to speed up diagnostic and intervention processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Riva
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Francesca Fulceri
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Guido Leonti
- Centro Autismo e Sindrome di Asperger ASLCN1, 12084, Mondovì, Italy
| | - Giovanni Valeri
- Department of Neuroscience, Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Casula
- Department of Neuroscience, Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Zoccante
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Puttini
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Maternal-Child Integrated Care Department, Integrated University Hospital of Verona, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Carla Sogos
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariaelena Presicce
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Bentenuto
- Laboratory of Observation, Diagnosis and Education (ODFLab), Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Fabio Apicella
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Molteni
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Scattoni
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Villa L, Sorce G, Fallara G, Ventimiglia E, Rosiello G, Musso G, Cei F, Re C, Lucianò R, Tenace N, Larcher A, Vitale L, Salonia A, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Bertini R, Capitanio U. Management of atypical recurrence after treatment of localized renal cell carcinoma: Retrograde intrarenal surgery as an option. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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13
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Bravo Balado A, Fontanet S, Skolarikos A, Gozen A, Somani B, Traxer O, Papatsoris A, Ruiz Martínez A, Talso M, Villa L, Pietropaolo A, Tonyali S, Keller E, Tailly T, Kallidonis P, Sener E, Nagele U, De Coninck V, Esperto F, Hameed B, Kanashiro A, Angerri O, Emiliani E. Trends in radiation protection use and radiation exposure of European endourologists: an ESUT-YAU Endourology Group prospective trial. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Calcagnile T, Sighinolfi MC, Rocco B, Assumma S, Di Bari S, Panio E, Pescuma A, Ticonosco M, Tosi G, Oltolina P, Resca S, Kaleci S, Galli R, Curti P, Schips L, Ditonno P, Villa L, Ferretti S, Bergamaschi F, Bozzini G, Eissa A, Zoeir A, Sherbiny AE, Frattini A, Prati A, Fedelini P, Okhunov Z, Tubaro A, Landman J, Bianchi G, Puliatti S, Micali S. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in candidates for active treatment of renal stones: results from an international multicentric study on more than 2600 patients. Urolithiasis 2022; 51:16. [PMID: 36512096 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-022-01385-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of asymptomatic bacteriuria concomitant to urolithiasis is an issue for patients undergoing renal stone treatment. Disposing of a preoperative urine culture is essential to reduce the risk of septic events. The endpoint of the study is to report which characteristics of candidates for renal stone treatment are frequently associated with positive urine culture. 2605 patients were retrospectively enrolled from 14 centers; inclusion criteria were age > 18 and presence of a single renal stone 1-2 cm in size. The variables collected included age, gender, previous renal surgery, comorbidities, skin-to-stone distance, stone size, location, density, presence of hydronephrosis. After a descriptive analysis, the association between continuous and categorical variables and the presence of positive urine culture was assessed using a logistic regression model. Overall, 240/2605 patients (9%) had preoperative bacteriuria. Positive urine culture was more frequent in females, patients with previous renal interventions, chronic kidney disease, congenital anomalies, larger stones, increased density. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that previous renal interventions (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.9-3.4; p < 0.001), renal-related comorbidities (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.19-1.4; p < 0.001), higher stone size (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.02-1.1; p = 0.01) and density (OR 1.00; 95% CI 1.0-1.00; p = 0.02) were associated with bacteriuria; male gender and lower caliceal location were inversely related to it. Beyond expected risk factors, such as female gender, other parameters are seemingly favoring the presence of positive urine culture. The awareness of variables associated with bacteriuria allows to assess which individuals are at increased risk of presenting bacteriuria and reduce the rate of septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Calcagnile
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
- Department of Urology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo-University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - M C Sighinolfi
- Department of Urology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - B Rocco
- Department of Urology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Assumma
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Urology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Di Bari
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - E Panio
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Urology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo-University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Pescuma
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - M Ticonosco
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - G Tosi
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - P Oltolina
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - S Resca
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - S Kaleci
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM), Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences With Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - R Galli
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Pietro, Ponte San Pietro, Italy
| | - P Curti
- Ospedale "Mater Salutis"-AULSS 9 Scaligera, Verona, Italy
| | - L Schips
- Department of Urology, Ospedale SS. Annunziata, Chieti, Italy
| | - P Ditonno
- Department of Urology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - L Villa
- Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - S Ferretti
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Maggiore, Parma, Italy
| | - F Bergamaschi
- Department of Urology, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - G Bozzini
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Como, Italy
| | - A Eissa
- Department of Urology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - A Zoeir
- Department of Urology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - A El Sherbiny
- Department of Urology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - A Frattini
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Civile di Guastalla, Guastalla, Italy
| | - A Prati
- Department of Urology, Ospedale di Vaio, Fidenza, Italy
| | - P Fedelini
- Department of Urology, AORN Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Z Okhunov
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - A Tubaro
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, la Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - J Landman
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - G Bianchi
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - S Puliatti
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - S Micali
- Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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15
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Russini V, Lucarelli C, Marrocco MG, Owczarek S, Villa L, De Marchis ML, Bilei S. Trends and serotype distribution of human Salmonella strains in central Italy (2015-2021). Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac130.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Salmonella enterica (S.) is one of the most common agents of foodborne infections and a risk for children, elder people and immunocompromised patients. S. is the first cause of foodborne outbreaks in the EU, the majority being caused by S. Enteritidis. We report S. serovars prevalence and trends in clinical isolates in central Italy from 2015 to 2021.
Methods
S. strains of patients from Lazio and Tuscany regions isolated by hospitals and private laboratories were sent to the Regional Reference Centre for Pathogenic Enterobacteria (CREP) at IZSLT (Rome) for serotyping. All metadata and a selection of isolates were shared with ISS according to the National Surveillance Enter-Net Italia program.
Results
A total of 2395 strains were collected from 2015 to 2021, with a mean value of 342 strains per year. Notably, reported cases did not decrease during the pandemic in 2020. A total of 116 different serovars were identified. The most common ones were S. Typhimurium var. monophasic, which increased from 2015 to 2021, S. Enteritidis, which peaked in 2018 doubling its average, and S. Typhimurium with a reverse trend compared to the monophasic variant, followed by S. Infantis, S. Napoli and S. Derby. Afterwards, S. Brandenburg showed a constant increase (from 2 cases in 2015 to 18 cases in 2021). S. Strathcona showed a significant peak during 2019 with 23 cases, correlated to a European reported outbreak. The average age of patients was stable (mean 28.5, median 12.8), except for an increase in 2021 (mean 35.2, median 27).
Conclusions
The results show a substantial agreement between data collected in central Italy and national trends. The occurrence of cases per year is stable. The serovars prevalence does not agree with the prevalence found in EU, in particular concerning S. Typhimurium var. monophasic frequency. Further investigations are needed to explain the significant increment of patients’ mean age in 2021.
Key messages
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Affiliation(s)
- V Russini
- Food Microbiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Toscana , Rome, Italy
| | - C Lucarelli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
| | - MG Marrocco
- Food Microbiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Toscana , Rome, Italy
| | - S Owczarek
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
| | - L Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome, Italy
| | - ML De Marchis
- Food Microbiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Toscana , Rome, Italy
| | - S Bilei
- Food Microbiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Toscana , Rome, Italy
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Ventimiglia E, Corsini C, Fantin M, De Angelis M, Dioni P, Briganti A, Villa L, Montorsi F, Traxer O, Salonia A. Thulium fibre laser achieves faster lithotripsy during ureteroscopic treatment of upper urinary tract stones: an observational study emulating a target trial. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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17
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Dente M, Riccardo F, Declich S, Milano A, Robbiati C, Agrimi U, Mantovani A, Morabito S, Scavia G, Cubadda F, Villa L, Monaco M, Mancini L, Carere M, Marcheggiani S, Lavazza A, Farina M, Dar O, Villa M, Coggi PT, Brusaferro S. Strengthening preparedness against global health threats: A paradigm shift based on One Health approaches. One Health 2022; 14:100396. [PMID: 35686149 PMCID: PMC9171516 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The implementation of preparedness strategies to prevent and mitigate the impact of global health threats poses several challenges. It should promptly identify cross-cutting drivers of pandemic threats, assess context-specific risks, engage multiple stakeholders, and translate complex data from multiple sources into accessible information for action. This requires a coordinated, multidisciplinary and multisectoral effort engaging systems that, most of the time, work in isolation. The One Health (OH) approach promotes the collaboration and communication among different disciplines and sectors, and could be applied across the preparedness phases at national and international level. We discuss here gaps and needs in preparedness strategies, which can benefit from the OH approach, and a set of actionable recommendations, as shared with the G20–2021 with a dedicated Policy Brief. The discussion adds to the current debate about OH operationalization and promotes a paradigm shift towards coordinated prevention and preparedness strategies for early assessment and management of global health threats.
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Henderickx M, Stoots S, De Bruin D, Wijkstra H, Freund J, Ploumidis A, Skolarikos A, Somani B, Şener T, Emiliani E, Dragos L, Wiseman O, Villa L, Talso M, Daudon M, Traxer O, Doizi S, Kronenberg P, Tailly T, Tefik T, Beerlage H, Baard J, Kamphuis G. Endoscopic stone recognition: Is the diagnostic accuracy rock-solid or rock-bottom? EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)00184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Henderickx M, Stoots S, De Bruin D, Wijkstra H, Freund J, Ploumidis A, Skolarikos A, Somani B, Şener T, Emiliani E, Dragos L, Wiseman O, Villa L, Talso M, Daudon M, Traxer O, Doizi S, Kronenberg P, Tailly T, Tefik T, Beerlage H, Baard J, Kamphuis G. Video quality as perceived by the endourologist does not influence endoscopic stone recognition. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)00257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Bravo-Balado A, Fontanet S, Skolarikos A, Serdar Gozen A, Somani B, Traxer O, Talso M, Villa L, Papatsoris A, Pietropaolo A, Tonyali S, Keller E, Tailly T, Kallidonis P, Sener E, Nagele U, Emiliani E. Estimated doses of radiation received by the eye lens during endourological procedures: Are we being careful enough? ESUT-YAU endourology group collaboration. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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21
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Ventimiglia E, Corrales Acosta M, De Angelis M, Dioni P, Corsini C, Fantin M, Candela L, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Villa L, Salonia A, Traxer O. Thulium fibre laser achieves faster lithotripsy during ureteroscopic treatment of upper urinary tract stones: An observational study emulating a target trial. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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22
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Calcagnile T, Sighinolfi M, Rocco B, Oltolina P, Di Bari S, Kaleci S, Galli R, Curti P, Schips L, Ditonno P, Villa L, Ferretti S, Bergamaschi F, Bozzini G, Zoeir A, El Sherbiny A, Frattini A, Fedelini P, Okhunov Z, Tubaro A, Landman J, Puliatti S, Bianchi G, Micali S. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in candidates for active treatment of renal stones: Results from an international multicentric study on more than 2600 patients. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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23
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Fortini D, Owczarek S, Dionisi AM, Lucarelli C, Arena S, Carattoli A, Villa L, García-Fernández A. Colistin Resistance Mechanisms in Human Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated by the National Surveillance Enter-Net Italia (2016–2018). Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11010102. [PMID: 35052978 PMCID: PMC8772777 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A collection of human-epidemiologically unrelated S. enterica strains collected over a 3-year period (2016 to 2018) in Italy by the national surveillance Enter-Net Italia was analysed. Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility tests, including the determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for colistin, were performed. Colistin resistant strains were analysed by PCR to detect mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes. In mcr-negative S. enterica serovar Enteritidis strains, chromosomal mutations potentially involved in colistin resistance were identified by a genomic approach. Results: The prevalence of colistin-resistant S. enterica strains was 7.7%, the majority (87.5%) were S. Enteritidis. mcr genes were identified only in one strain, a S. Typhimurium monophasic variant, positive for both mcr-1.1 and mcr-5.1 genes in an IncHI2 ST4 plasmid. Several chromosomal mutations were identified in the colistin-resistant mcr-negative S. Enteritidis strains in proteins involved in lipopolysaccharide and outer membrane synthesis and modification (RfbN, LolB, ZraR) and in a component of a multidrug efflux pump (MdsC). These mutated proteins were defined as possible candidates for colistin resistance in mcr-negative S. Enteritidis of our collection. Conclusions: The colistin national surveillance in Salmonella spp. in humans, implemented with genomic-based surveillance, permitted to monitor colistin resistance, determining the prevalence of mcr determinants and the study of new candidate mechanisms for colistin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fortini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (S.O.); (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (S.A.); (L.V.)
| | - Slawomir Owczarek
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (S.O.); (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (S.A.); (L.V.)
| | - Anna Maria Dionisi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (S.O.); (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (S.A.); (L.V.)
| | - Claudia Lucarelli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (S.O.); (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (S.A.); (L.V.)
| | - Sergio Arena
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (S.O.); (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (S.A.); (L.V.)
| | - Alessandra Carattoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (S.O.); (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (S.A.); (L.V.)
| | - Aurora García-Fernández
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (S.O.); (A.M.D.); (C.L.); (S.A.); (L.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Riva V, Riboldi EM, Urbani B, Molteni M, Villa L. A Pilot Study Evaluating the Effects of Early Intervention for Italian Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111381. [PMID: 34827380 PMCID: PMC8615704 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a high-cost/high-burden problem. Early intervention may prevent development of the disorder, improving child outcomes and reducing long-term consequences. However, few studies have investigated the role of early intervention in children younger than two years. This study aims to examine the effect of early intervention in 18-month-old high-risk siblings of children with ASD (HR-ASD) with clinical signs of autism. The intervention is based on the principles of Applied Behavior Analysis and focuses on the development of early precursors to social and communicative competence (joint attention and imitation behaviors). After controlling for baseline differences, two comparison HR-ASD groups were included: 15 HR-ASD toddlers receiving behavioral intervention for 3 h per week for 5 months (INT+) and 15 HR-ASD toddlers who were only clinically monitored from age 18 months (INT-). Changes in social communication, restricted/repetitive behaviors, and language were assessed using standardized measures at pre- (T0) and post-intervention (T1). From T0 to T1, the INT+ group showed significant improvements in communication, social interaction, and language compared to INT- group. There was no effect on restricted/repetitive behaviors. Our findings highlighted the importance of early detection/intervention in autism and supported a positive impact of targeted interventions to improve outcomes in at-risk children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Riva
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-031-877924; Fax: +39-031-877499
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Pavia M, Proietti S, Rico L, Basulto-Martinez M, Yeow Y, Villa L, Ventimiglia E, Salonia A, Gaboardi F, Giusti G. MINIPERC represents an effective middleground between standard PCNL and RIRS in the treatment of small to medium size stones. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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26
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Ventimiglia E, Villa L, Briganti A, Necchi A, Corsini C, de Angelis M, Montorsi F, Salonia A. The use of ureteral access sheath does not modify the pattern of disease recurrence during conservative management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00830-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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27
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Ventimiglia E, Villa L, de Angelis M, de Angelis P, Corsini C, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Unfavourable outcomes following ureteroscopy and Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy for the treatment of ureteral/renal stones at a single tertiary-referral centre. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00872-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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28
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Villa L, Ventimiglia E, Dioni P, De Angelis M, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. The use of ureteral access sheath does not reduce the rate of infectious complications after flexible ureteroscopy AND HO:YAG laser lithotripsy for renal stones. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00745-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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29
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Pavia M, Proietti S, Rico L, Basulto-Martinez M, Yeow Y, Villa L, Ventimiglia E, Salonia A, Gaboardi F, Giusti G. Simultaneous bilateral endoscopic surgery (SBES): is it ready for prime time? EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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30
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Micali S, Calcagnile T, Sighinolfi M, Iseppi A, Morini E, Benedetti M, Oltolina P, Ragusa A, Kaleci S, Bevilacqua L, Puliatti S, De Nunzio C, Arada R, Chiancone F, Campobasso D, Eissa A, Bonfante G, Simonetti E, Cotugno M, Galli R, Curti P, Schips L, Ditonno P, Villa L, Ferretti S, Bergamaschi F, Bozzini G, Zoeir A, El Sherbiny A, Frattini A, Fedelini P, Okhunov Z, Tubaro A, Landman J, Bianchi G, Rocco B. Urinary tract infections in candidates to active treatment of renal stone: results from an international multicentric study on more than 2600 patients. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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31
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Castaneda C, Castillo Garcia M, Bernabe L, Sanchez J, Tello K, Alatrsita R, Villa L, Sichero L, Enciso J, Guerra H. 901P Relationship between p16 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in Peruvian patients with head and neck cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Proietti S, Pavia M, Rico L, Basulto-Martinez M, Yeow Y, Villa L, Ventimiglia E, Salonia A, Gaboardi F, Giusti G. Simultaneous Bilateral Endoscopic Surgery (SBES): Is it ready for prime time? Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ventimiglia E, Villa L, Abbate C, Proietti S, Giusti G, Traxer O, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. The use of ureteral access sheath does not reduce the rate of infectious complications after flexible ureteroscopy and Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy for renal stones. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Panisi C, Guerini FR, Abruzzo PM, Balzola F, Biava PM, Bolotta A, Brunero M, Burgio E, Chiara A, Clerici M, Croce L, Ferreri C, Giovannini N, Ghezzo A, Grossi E, Keller R, Manzotti A, Marini M, Migliore L, Moderato L, Moscone D, Mussap M, Parmeggiani A, Pasin V, Perotti M, Piras C, Saresella M, Stoccoro A, Toso T, Vacca RA, Vagni D, Vendemmia S, Villa L, Politi P, Fanos V. Autism Spectrum Disorder from the Womb to Adulthood: Suggestions for a Paradigm Shift. J Pers Med 2021; 11:70. [PMID: 33504019 PMCID: PMC7912683 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The wide spectrum of unique needs and strengths of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a challenge for the worldwide healthcare system. With the plethora of information from research, a common thread is required to conceptualize an exhaustive pathogenetic paradigm. The epidemiological and clinical findings in ASD cannot be explained by the traditional linear genetic model, hence the need to move towards a more fluid conception, integrating genetics, environment, and epigenetics as a whole. The embryo-fetal period and the first two years of life (the so-called 'First 1000 Days') are the crucial time window for neurodevelopment. In particular, the interplay and the vicious loop between immune activation, gut dysbiosis, and mitochondrial impairment/oxidative stress significantly affects neurodevelopment during pregnancy and undermines the health of ASD people throughout life. Consequently, the most effective intervention in ASD is expected by primary prevention aimed at pregnancy and at early control of the main effector molecular pathways. We will reason here on a comprehensive and exhaustive pathogenetic paradigm in ASD, viewed not just as a theoretical issue, but as a tool to provide suggestions for effective preventive strategies and personalized, dynamic (from womb to adulthood), systemic, and interdisciplinary healthcare approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Panisi
- Fondazione Istituto Sacra Famiglia ONLUS, Cesano Boscone, 20090 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Franca Rosa Guerini
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (M.S.)
| | | | - Federico Balzola
- Division of Gastroenterology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Pier Mario Biava
- Scientific Institute of Research and Care Multimedica, 20138 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Bolotta
- DIMES, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.M.A.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Marco Brunero
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Ernesto Burgio
- ECERI—European Cancer and Environment Research Institute, Square de Meeus 38-40, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium;
| | - Alberto Chiara
- Dipartimento Materno Infantile ASST, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (M.S.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Croce
- Centro Domino per l’Autismo, Universita’ Cattolica Brescia, 20139 Milan, Italy;
| | - Carla Ferreri
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Niccolò Giovannini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Ghezzo
- DIMES, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.M.A.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Enzo Grossi
- Autism Research Unit, Villa Santa Maria Foundation, 22038 Tavernerio, Italy;
| | - Roberto Keller
- Adult Autism Centre DSM ASL Città di Torino, 10138 Turin, Italy;
| | - Andrea Manzotti
- RAISE Lab, Foundation COME Collaboration, 65121 Pescara, Italy;
| | - Marina Marini
- DIMES, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (P.M.A.); (A.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Lucia Migliore
- Medical Genetics Laboratories, Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Lucio Moderato
- Fondazione Istituto Sacra Famiglia ONLUS, Cesano Boscone, 20090 Milan, Italy;
| | - Davide Moscone
- Associazione Spazio Asperger ONLUS, Centro Clinico CuoreMenteLab, 00141 Rome, Italy;
| | - Michele Mussap
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 09100 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (V.F.)
| | - Antonia Parmeggiani
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS ISNB, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Valentina Pasin
- Milan Institute for health Care and Advanced Learning, 20124 Milano, Italy;
| | | | - Cristina Piras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Marina Saresella
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Andrea Stoccoro
- Medical Genetics Laboratories, Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Tiziana Toso
- Unione Italiana Lotta alla Distrofia Muscolare UILDM, 35100 Padova, Italy;
| | - Rosa Anna Vacca
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council of Italy, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - David Vagni
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy, 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | | | - Laura Villa
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Politi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 09100 Cagliari, Italy; (M.M.); (V.F.)
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
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Abstract
The notion of "vitality form" has been coined by Daniel Stern to describe the basic features of action, which may reflect the mood or affective state of an agent. There is general consensus that vitality forms substantiate social interactions in children as well in adults. Previous studies have explored children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)'s ability in copying and recognizing the vitality forms of actions performed by others. In this paper we investigated, for the first time, how children with ASD express different vitality forms when acting themselves. We recorded the kinematics of ASD and typically developing (TD) children while performing three different types of action with two different vitality forms. There were two conditions. In the what condition we contrasted the three different types of action performed with a same vitality form, while in the how condition we contrasted the same type of action performed with two different vitality forms. The results showed a clear difference between ASD children and TD children in the how, but not in the what, condition. Indeed, while TD children distinguished the vitality forms to be expressed by mostly varying a specific spatiotemporal parameter (i.e. movement time), no significant variation in this parameter was found in ASD children. As they are not prone to express vitality forms as neurotypical individuals do, individuals with ASD's interactions with neurotypical peers could therefore be difficult to achieve successfully, with cascading effects on their propensity to be tuned to their surrounding social world, or so we conjecture. If this conjecture would turn out to be correct, our findings could have promising implication for theoretical and clinical research in the context of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Casartelli
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Child Psychopathology Department, Theoretical and Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Bosisio Parini Lecco, Italy
| | - A Cesareo
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Bioengineering Lab, Bosisio Parini Lecco, Italy
| | - E Biffi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Bioengineering Lab, Bosisio Parini Lecco, Italy
| | - G C Campione
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Child Psychopathology Department, Bosisio Parini Lecco, Italy
| | - L Villa
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Child Psychopathology Department, Bosisio Parini Lecco, Italy
| | - M Molteni
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E.MEDEA, Child Psychopathology Department, Bosisio Parini Lecco, Italy
| | - C Sinigaglia
- Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Department of Philosophy, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milano, Italy.
- Cognition in Action (CIA) Unit, PHILAB, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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Bertini R, Cazzaniga W, Larcher A, Castiglione F, Nini A, Carenzi C, Canibus D, Matloob R, Villa L, Conti G, Maccagnano C, Simeone C, Montanari E, Albo G, Salvioni R, Stagni S, Catanzaro M, Antonelli A, Montorsi F, Capitanio U. Active surveillance for small renal masses: a prospective translational study update (NCT03804320). EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Nini A, Muttin F, Re C, Martini A, Rosiello G, Villa L, Trevisani F, Canibus D, Montorsi F, Salonia A, Briganti A, Bertini R, Larcher A, Capitanio U. Hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity following radical nephrectomy are only sustained by renal parenchyma loss and cardiovascular morbidity. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Villa L, Ventimiglia E, Fallara G, Menean M, Capogrosso P, Matloob R, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. The impact of a positive urine culture before ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy in patients with ureteral/renal stones: Results from a single centre series. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Zanzani SA, Gazzonis AL, Alberti E, Neilly TM, Villa L, Manfredi MT. Gastrointestinal nematode infections in goats: differences between strongyle faecal egg counts and specific antibody responses to Teladorsagia circumcincta in Nera di Verzasca and Alpine goats. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2539-2548. [PMID: 32562068 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Strongylida are gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of greatest importance in small ruminants throughout the world. Differences in resistance and resilience to GIN among goat breeds were reported. This study aims to investigate the mechanism underlying the breed-associated differences using a cosmopolitan (Alpine, AB) and an autochthonous (Nera di Verzasca, NV) goat breed. At first, fifteen goats from the same herd (NV = 7, AB = 8) at day 0 were infected with infective larvae (L3) of mixed GIN. From the 15th day post-infection (DPI), individual parasite egg excretion (faecal egg counts, FEC) was performed on all goats, once per week, until the 63rd DPI. Afterwards, in goats under field conditions (30 AB and 30 NV reared on the same farm), individual faecal and blood samples were collected; FEC-specific antibody and PCV levels were explored. In goats with experimental GIN infection, mean eggs per gram of faeces (EPG) values were consistently lower in NV goats. In goats with natural GIN infection, EPG and prevalence values showed high variability in both breeds; among individual variables, breed had a significant influence on EPG. Further, PCV and anti-T. circumcincta IgA levels were influenced by the breed. Lower PCV values were also associated with higher strongyle EPG in AB goats, and anti-T. circumcincta IgA levels were influenced by both strongyle EPG and breed, with IgA levels being higher in AB vs. NV goats and positively associated with EPG. Neither EPG nor breed had any influence on IgE levels. Both studies on experimental and natural infection confirmed that goats of NV are more resistant to infection with gastrointestinal nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Zanzani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A L Gazzonis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Alberti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - T Mc Neilly
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - L Villa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M T Manfredi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Villa L, Torreblanca A, Otero L, Carreño F, Campo R, López-Escobar M, Vazquez F. Long term storage of fastidious bacteria (Neisseria spp. and Haemophilus spp.) with swab preservation at -80 °C. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 175:105969. [PMID: 32512120 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.105969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Preservation of strains is important to further studies and characterization; we have shown a technique of long-term preservation of Neisseria spp. and Haemophilus spp. by freezing cotton tip swabs impregnated with fastidious organisms at -80 °C without the addition of cryoprotectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Villa
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Study Group on Sexually Transmitted Infections (GEITS), Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC), Spain.
| | - Aurora Torreblanca
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Gijón, Spain
| | - Luis Otero
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Gijón, Spain; Study Group on Sexually Transmitted Infections (GEITS), Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC), Spain
| | - Francisco Carreño
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rainer Campo
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Vazquez
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Study Group on Sexually Transmitted Infections (GEITS), Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC), Spain; Department of Functional Biology, Microbiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Spain; Ophthalmological Research Foundation, Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
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Tosti G, Barisani A, Queirolo P, Pennacchioli E, Villa L, Lodeserto AM, Vaccari S. Skin signs resembling vascular acrosyndromes during the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 45:757-758. [PMID: 32358996 PMCID: PMC7267648 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Tosti
- Division of Melanoma Surgery, Sarcoma and Rare Tumors, IRCCS, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - A Barisani
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - P Queirolo
- Division of Melanoma Oncology, Sarcoma and Rare Tumors, IRCCS, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - E Pennacchioli
- Division of Melanoma Surgery, Sarcoma and Rare Tumors, IRCCS, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - L Villa
- Dermatologist, Private Practice and General Medicine Doctor, San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | | | - S Vaccari
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Italy
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Nucleo E, Marchetti VM, Mercato A, Quatela M, Villa L, Migliavacca R. OXA-48 and NDM-1 Klebsiella pneumoniae of Sequence Type 101 from blood in a patient with travel history abroad, Italy. New Microbiol 2020; 43:41-43. [PMID: 32118283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is an important pathogen involved in serious nosocomial infections all over the world. Here, we describe the first report on a blood-stream infection caused by an OXA-48/NDM-1 ST101-KP, in Italy. The patient was an Italian woman, transferred from Cairo Hospital to a Neurosurgery ward in Cuneo (IT). The detection described here enhances the need for an effective National infection control strategy in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Nucleo
- Unit of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittoria Mattioni Marchetti
- Unit of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mercato
- Unit of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michela Quatela
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ASL CN1 SSD Mondovì, Cuneo, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Migliavacca
- Unit of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Carattoli A, Carretto E, Brovarone F, Sarti M, Villa L. Comparative analysis of an mcr-4 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica monophasic variant of human and animal origin. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:3332-3335. [PMID: 30137382 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this study we compared the recently described mcr-4-positive Salmonella enterica monophasic variant, isolated in 2016 in two Italian patients affected by gastroenteritis, with the first mcr-4-positive Salmonella isolate identified in 2013 in a pig at slaughter in Italy. Methods WGS of the two Salmonella isolates of human origin was performed using a MiSeq instrument (Illumina). The phylogenetic analysis was performed by SNP analysis, comparing genomes of the mcr-4-positive isolates of swine and human origin with 82 Salmonella genomes downloaded from the EnteroBase Salmonella database. Complete sequences of plasmids carrying mcr-4.2 were obtained and compared. Transformation experiments were performed to transfer the mcr-4 plasmids into a colistin-susceptible Escherichia coli recipient strain. Results Comparative genomics demonstrated that the Salmonella of swine origin did not cluster with the isolates of human origin. The mcr-4.2 gene variant identified in the Salmonella of human origin was located on a ColE-like plasmid. This plasmid showed different replication and mobilization genes with respect to those previously described in the ColE plasmid carrying the mcr-4.1 variant, identified in Salmonella of swine origin. Conclusions The divergence in genomes, plasmids and gene variants demonstrated that there was not a unique mcr-4-positive, monophasic Salmonella lineage circulating in animals and causing gastroenteritis in humans in Italy. There was no horizontal transfer of the same plasmid among Salmonella strains of animal and human origin, but the mcr-4 gene and a fragment of the plasmid identified in the animal strain were mobilized by an IS1294 into a different ColE plasmid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edoardo Carretto
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Flavia Brovarone
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Mario Sarti
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, S. Agostino-Estense Hospital, Baggiovara, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Gaiarsa S, Bitar I, Comandatore F, Corbella M, Piazza A, Scaltriti E, Villa L, Postiglione U, Marone P, Nucleo E, Pongolini S, Migliavacca R, Sassera D. Can Insertion Sequences Proliferation Influence Genomic Plasticity? Comparative Analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii Sequence Type 78, a Persistent Clone in Italian Hospitals. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2080. [PMID: 31572316 PMCID: PMC6751323 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a known opportunistic pathogen, dangerous for public health mostly due to its ability to rapidly acquire antibiotic-resistance traits. Its genome was described as characterized by remarkable plasticity, with a high frequency of homologous recombinations and proliferation of Insertion Sequences (IS). The SMAL pulsotype is an A. baumannii strain currently isolated only in Italy, characterized by a low incidence and a high persistence over the years. In this present work, we have conducted a comparative genomic analysis on this clone. The genome of 15 SMAL isolates was obtained and characterized in comparison with 24 other assemblies of evolutionary related isolates. The phylogeny highlighted the presence of a monophyletic clade (named ST78A), which includes the SMAL isolates. ST78A isolates have a low rate of homologous recombination and low gene content variability when compared to two related clades (ST78B and ST49) and to the most common A. baumannii variants worldwide (International Clones I and II). Remarkably, genomes in the ST78A clade present a high number of IS, including classes mostly absent in the other related genomes. Among these IS, one copy of IS66 was found to interrupt the gene comEC/rec2, involved in the acquisition of exogenous DNA. The genomic characterization of SMAL isolates shed light on the surprisingly low genomic plasticity and the high IS proliferation present in this strain. The interruption of the gene comEC/rec2 by an IS in the SMAL genomes brought us to formulate an evolutionary hypothesis according to which the proliferation of IS is slowing the acquisition of exogenous DNA, thus limiting genome plasticity. Such genomic architecture could explain the epidemiological behavior of high persistence and low incidence of the clone and provides an interesting framework to compare ST78 with the highly epidemic International Clones, characterized by high genomic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Gaiarsa
- UOC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ibrahim Bitar
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Comandatore
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “Luigi Sacco”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Corbella
- UOC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica e Biometria, Direzione Scientifica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Aurora Piazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “Luigi Sacco”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Scaltriti
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Parassitarie ed Immunomediate, Istituto Superiore di Sanitá, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Postiglione
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “L. Spallanzani”, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Piero Marone
- UOC Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Nucleo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Pongolini
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Migliavacca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche, Diagnostiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Sassera
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “L. Spallanzani”, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Mouftah SF, Pál T, Darwish D, Ghazawi A, Villa L, Carattoli A, Sonnevend Á. Epidemic IncX3 plasmids spreading carbapenemase genes in the United Arab Emirates and worldwide. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:1729-1742. [PMID: 31417290 PMCID: PMC6593741 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s210554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Plasmids of the incompatibility group X type 3 (IncX3) were described carrying various carbapenemase genes in carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) worldwide and in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), as well. To understand the driving force behind the emergence of such plasmids in the UAE, the relationship between IncX3 plasmids encountered locally and globally was investigated. Methods CPE strains isolated in the UAE during 2009-2014 were screened by X3 PCR-based replicon typing. The clonal relationship of CPE carrying IncX3 plasmids was determined by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Complete sequence of selected IncX3 plasmids was determined. Phylogenetic relationship between the carbapenemase carrying IncX3 plasmids from the UAE and of those reported worldwide was established by comparing the plasmid backbones. Results 10.2% of the 295 CPE tested were identified to carry IncX3 plasmids: 13 Escherichia coli, 13 Klebsiella pneumoniae, two Enterobacter cloacae, one Citrobacter freundii and one Morganella morganii isolate, respectively. Most of them were non-clonal; with small clusters of triplets and pairs of E. coli and K. pneumoniae, and a cluster of five K. pneumoniae ST11 exhibiting >90% similar PFGE patterns, respectively. The 30 isolates harbored either bla NDM-1, bla NDM-4, bla NDM-5, bla NDM-7, bla OXA-181 or bla KPC-2 carbapenemase genes on IncX3 plasmids. Phylogenetic analysis of the backbone region of IncX3 plasmids carrying various beta-lactamase genes from the UAE (n=23) and that of North-America, Europe, Asia and Australia (n=35) revealed three clusters based on the carbapenemase genes carried: plasmids harboring bla OXA-181 and bla NDM-5 formed two distinct groups, whereas backbones of plasmids with bla NDM-1, bla NDM-4 and bla NDM-7 clustered together. Each cluster contained plasmids of diverse geographical origin. Conclusion The findings suggest that different carbapenemase gene carrying IncX3 plasmids encountered in the UAE do not evolve locally, rather are subtypes of this epidemic plasmid emerging in this country due to international transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa F Mouftah
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tibor Pál
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dania Darwish
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akela Ghazawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanitá, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carattoli
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Ágnes Sonnevend
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Puma A, Azulay N, Grecu N, Suply C, Panicucci E, Cambieri C, Villa L, Raffaelli C, Sacconi S. Comparison of high-frequency and ultrahigh-frequency probes in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Neurol 2019; 266:2277-2285. [PMID: 31175432 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS 18-20 MHz) performed on patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) shows a focal enlargement, particularly in the proximal segments of upper-arm motor nerves. Ultrahigh frequency ultrasound (UHFUS 30-70 MHz), having a higher spatial resolution, enables a better characterization of nerve structures. The aim of this study was to compare the two ultrasound probes in the evaluation of motor nerve characteristics in CIDP patients. METHODS Eleven patients with definite or probable CIDP underwent an ultrasound evaluation of median and ulnar nerves, bilaterally. Nerve and fascicle cross-sectional area (CSA), vascularization, and echogenicity were assessed. RESULTS Nerve and fascicle CSA were increased in the proximal segments, especially in the median nerve, in 9/11 patients and in 10/11 patients at the HFUS and UHFUS evaluations, respectively. A statistically significant difference between CSA values obtained with the two probes was found only for fascicle values. UHFUS allowed for a more precise estimation of fascicle size and number than the HFUS. We were able to identify nerve vascularization in 4/11 patients at UHFUS only. CONCLUSION UHFUS gives more detailed information on the changes in the internal nerve structure in CIDP patients. In particular, it permits to better characterize fascicle size and morphology, and to have a precise estimation of their number. Its frequency range also allows to evaluate nerve vascularization. SIGNIFICANCE Ultrasound evaluation could become an adjunctive diagnostic tool for CIDP. Further studies are needed to validate the examined parameters as biomarkers for the evaluation and follow-up of CIDP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Puma
- Peripheral Nervous System, Muscle and ALS Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte D'Azur, Nice, France.
- UMR7370 CNRS, LP2M, Labex ICST, Faculty of Medicine, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
| | - N Azulay
- Ultrasound Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - N Grecu
- Peripheral Nervous System, Muscle and ALS Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte D'Azur, Nice, France
| | - C Suply
- Peripheral Nervous System, Muscle and ALS Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte D'Azur, Nice, France
| | - E Panicucci
- Peripheral Nervous System, Muscle and ALS Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte D'Azur, Nice, France
| | - C Cambieri
- Peripheral Nervous System, Muscle and ALS Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte D'Azur, Nice, France
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Centre of Rare Neuromuscular Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Villa
- Peripheral Nervous System, Muscle and ALS Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte D'Azur, Nice, France
- Pathology Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - C Raffaelli
- Ultrasound Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - S Sacconi
- Peripheral Nervous System, Muscle and ALS Department, CHU Nice, Université Côte D'Azur, Nice, France
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), INSERM U1081, CNRS UMR 7284, Faculty of Medicine, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Nice, France
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Rebelo AR, Bortolaia V, Kjeldgaard JS, Pedersen SK, Leekitcharoenphon P, Hansen IM, Guerra B, Malorny B, Borowiak M, Hammerl JA, Battisti A, Franco A, Alba P, Perrin-Guyomard A, Granier SA, De Frutos Escobar C, Malhotra-Kumar S, Villa L, Carattoli A, Hendriksen RS. Multiplex PCR for detection of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance determinants, mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4 and mcr-5 for surveillance purposes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 23. [PMID: 29439754 PMCID: PMC5824125 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2018.23.6.17-00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and aimPlasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanisms have been identified worldwide in the past years. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for detection of all currently known transferable colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 to mcr-5, and variants) in Enterobacteriaceae was developed for surveillance or research purposes. Methods: We designed four new primer pairs to amplify mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3 and mcr-4 gene products and used the originally described primers for mcr-5 to obtain a stepwise separation of ca 200 bp between amplicons. The primer pairs and amplification conditions allow for single or multiple detection of all currently described mcr genes and their variants present in Enterobacteriaceae. The protocol was validated testing 49 European Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates of animal origin. Results: Multiplex PCR results in bovine and porcine isolates from Spain, Germany, France and Italy showed full concordance with whole genome sequence data. The method was able to detect mcr-1, mcr-3 and mcr-4 as singletons or in different combinations as they were present in the test isolates. One new mcr-4 variant, mcr-4.3, was also identified. Conclusions: This method allows rapid identification of mcr-positive bacteria and overcomes the challenges of phenotypic detection of colistin resistance. The multiplex PCR should be particularly interesting in settings or laboratories with limited resources for performing genetic analysis as it provides information on the mechanism of colistin resistance without requiring genome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Rebelo
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Food borne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Valeria Bortolaia
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Food borne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jette S Kjeldgaard
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Food borne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Susanne K Pedersen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Food borne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Food borne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Inge M Hansen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Food borne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Maria Borowiak
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Antonio Battisti
- National Reference Laboratory for antimicrobial resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Franco
- National Reference Laboratory for antimicrobial resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Patricia Alba
- National Reference Laboratory for antimicrobial resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sophie A Granier
- Université Paris-Est, Anses, Laboratory for Food Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rene S Hendriksen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Food borne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Carattoli A, Villa L, Fortini D, García-Fernández A. Contemporary IncI1 plasmids involved in the transmission and spread of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. Plasmid 2018; 118:102392. [PMID: 30529488 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
IncI1 has become one of the most common plasmid families in contemporary Enterobacteriaceae from both human and animal sources. In clinical epidemiology, this plasmid type ranks first as the confirmed vehicle of transmission of extended spectrum beta-lactamase and plasmid AmpC genes in isolates from food-producing animals. In this review, we describe the epidemiology and evolution of IncI1 plasmids and closely related IncIγ plasmids. We highlight the emergence of epidemic plasmids circulating among different bacterial hosts in geographically distant countries, and we address the phylogeny of the IncI1 and IncIγ family based on plasmid Multilocus Sequence Typing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Carattoli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Fortini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora García-Fernández
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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49
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Espinal P, Nucleo E, Caltagirone M, Mattioni Marchetti V, Fernandes MR, Biscaro V, Rigoli R, Carattoli A, Migliavacca R, Villa L. Genomics of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST16 producing NDM-1, CTX-M-15, and OXA-232. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 25:385.e1-385.e5. [PMID: 30472424 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Genomic characterization of the internationally spread sequence type (ST) 16 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS The complete genomes of three carbapenem producing ST16 K. pneumoniae from Italian patients were analysed by single-nucleotide polymorphism-based phylogeny, core genome multilocus sequence typing, resistance, plasmid, and virulence content and compared with ten genomes of ST16 strains isolated in other countries. Plasmids carrying blaNDM-1 or blaOXA-232 carbapenemase genes were assembled and sequences were analysed. RESULTS The internationally spread ST16 K. pneumoniae clone showed variability in terms of distribution of NDM-1 and OXA-232 type carbapenemases. In some ST16 strains, up to six plasmids can be simultaneously present in the same cell, including ColE-like plasmids carrying blaOXA-232 and IncF plasmids carrying blaNDM-1. The differences observed in plasmid, resistance, and virulence content and core genome suggested that there is not a unique, highly conserved ST16 clone, but instead different variants of this lineage circulate worldwide. CONCLUSIONS The ST16 K. pneumoniae clone has spread worldwide and may become a high-risk clone.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Espinal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; Servei de Microbiologia Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigaciò Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Nucleo
- Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences Department, Unit of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Caltagirone
- Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences Department, Unit of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - V Mattioni Marchetti
- Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences Department, Unit of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - M R Fernandes
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V Biscaro
- Microbiology Department, Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - R Rigoli
- Microbiology Department, Treviso Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - A Carattoli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - R Migliavacca
- Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences Department, Unit of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - L Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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50
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Olaciregui Dague K, Surges R, Litmathe J, Villa L, Brokmann J, Schulz JB, Dafotakis M, Matz O. The discriminative value of blood gas analysis parameters in the differential diagnosis of transient disorders of consciousness. J Neurol 2018; 265:2106-2113. [PMID: 29987588 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-8967-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The differentiation between epileptic and non-epileptic episodes can be challenging. Our aim was to compare lactate, anion gap (AG), bicarbonate and the Denver Seizure Score (DSS) as point-of-care test (POCT) markers for episodes of transient alterations of consciousness. METHODS The blood serum parameters were drawn at arrival in the emergency department (ED) within 2 h of the episode. After calculating AG and DSS values, the four parameters were compared retrospectively between patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) (n = 165) and patients with other disorders of consciousness [syncopes (n = 43), and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (n = 15)]. Additionally, we compared all values among men and women. RESULTS In GTCS patients, all four parameters differed significantly compared to non-epileptic episode patients (p < 0.001). Serum lactate showed significant additional benefit over the remaining values, with an AUC of 0.947 (95% CI 0.92-0.975) and a high sensitivity and specificity for an optimal cut-off value of 2.45 mmol/l. For DSS, the AUC was 0.857 (95% CI 0.808-0.906; cut-off: 0.35), and for AG 0.836 (95% CI 0.783-0.889; cut-off: 12.45 mmol/l). In the case of serum bicarbonate, the AUC was 0.831 (95% CI 0.775-0.886; cut-off: 22.75 mmol/l). In the sex-dependent comparison, the results were similar. Men showed more significant differences in the compared values than women. CONCLUSIONS Serum lactate is best suited as POCT marker in the differential diagnosis of epileptic and non-epileptic episodes and is superior to AG, DSS and bicarbonate. The differences among sexes may pose a challenge in their implementation and interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmele Olaciregui Dague
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule [RWTH] Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - R Surges
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule [RWTH] Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Litmathe
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule [RWTH] Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - L Villa
- Central Emergency Department, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule [RWTH] Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Brokmann
- Central Emergency Department, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule [RWTH] Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - J B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule [RWTH] Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Dafotakis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule [RWTH] Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - O Matz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule [RWTH] Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Central Emergency Department, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule [RWTH] Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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