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Igbinigie S, Rice M, Ciol MA, Pickard C, Webb L, Lin C, Mac Donald CL. The Effect of a Group Physical Activity Program on Behavior of Incarcerated Youth. J Correct Health Care 2023; 29:268-274. [PMID: 37130303 DOI: 10.1089/jchc.22.05.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral health challenges are more prevalent in incarcerated youth than in the general youth population. Questions remain regarding whether physical activity programs can reduce behavioral health challenges in incarcerated youth. Data were available for 1,285 youths incarcerated between January 2017 and December 2018. The structured exercise program was implemented in January 2018. Primary outcomes were numbers of use of force (UoF) and of program modifications (PMs) indicative of delinquent behavior in pre- and post-exercise implementation periods. Rates per 1,000 person-days for UoF (10.0 in 2017 vs. 7.4 in 2018) and for PMs (36.7 vs. 22.9) were statistically different. For youths incarcerated both years, rates per 1,000 person-days for UoF (12.3 vs. 7.9), and for PMs (43.3 vs. 23.5) were statistically different. There was a reduction in behavior modifications in incarcerated youths after implementing the exercise program, but further studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Igbinigie
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Sports Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Melanie Rice
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Sports Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marcia A Ciol
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - Cindy Lin
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Sports Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christine L Mac Donald
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Sports Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery, Seattle, Washington, USA
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2
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Kroshus E, Hafferty K, Garrett K, Johnson AM, Webb L, Bloom A, Sullivan E, Senturia K, Tandon PS. Feasibility and acceptability of at-home play kits for middle school physical activity promotion during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:604. [PMID: 36997887 PMCID: PMC10061390 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15338-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schools are central to providing opportunities for youth physical activity (PA), however such opportunities were limited during the COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying feasible, acceptable, and effective approaches for school-based PA promotion amid pandemic-related barriers can inform resource allocation efforts in future circumstances necessitating remote instruction. The aims of this study were to: (1) describe the pragmatic, stakeholder-engaged and theory-informed approach employed to adapt one school's PA promotion efforts to pandemic restrictions, leading to the creation of at-home "play kits" for students, and (2) assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of this intervention. METHODS Intervention activities occurred in one middle school (enrollment: 847) located in a Federal Opportunity Zone in the Seattle, WA area, with control data from a nearby middle school (enrollment: 640). Students at the intervention school were eligible to receive a play kit during the quarter they were enrolled in physical education (PE) class. Student surveys were completed across the school year (n = 1076), with a primary outcome of days/week that the student engaged in ≥ 60 min of PA. Qualitative interviews (n = 25) were conducted with students, staff, parents, and community partners, and focused on play kit acceptability and feasibility. RESULTS During remote learning play kits were received by 58% of eligible students. Among students at the intervention school only, students actively enrolled in PE (versus not enrolled) reported significantly more days with ≥ 60 min of PA in the previous week, however the comparison between schools was not statistically significant. In qualitative interviews, most students reported the play kit motivated them to participate in PA, gave them activity ideas, and made virtual PE more enjoyable. Student-reported barriers to using play kits included space (indoors and outdoors), requirements to be quiet at home, necessary but unavailable adult supervision, lack of companions to play outdoors, and inclement weather. CONCLUSIONS A pre-existing community organization-school partnership lent itself to a rapid response to meet student needs at a time when school staff and resources were highly constrained. The intervention developed through this collaborative response-play kits-has potential to support middle school PA during future pandemics or other conditions that necessitate remote schooling, however modifications to the intervention concept and implementation strategy may be needed to improve reach and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kroshus
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA.
| | - Kiana Hafferty
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA
| | - Kimberly Garrett
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA
| | - Ashleigh M Johnson
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kirsten Senturia
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pooja S Tandon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA
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Rekker S, Ives MC, Wade B, Webb L, Greig C. Measuring corporate Paris Compliance using a strict science-based approach. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4441. [PMID: 35948540 PMCID: PMC9365807 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The achievement of the Paris Agreement climate goals of well-below 2 degrees of warming requires companies to align their greenhouse gas emission reductions with this goal. To measure whether companies are compliant with the Paris targets we propose several strict conditions that any emissions allocation methodology must meet before it can be classified as Paris-Compliant. Our conditions focus on the need for a common, and early as practicable, base year for all companies and consistency with an underlying Paris-aligned decarbonisation pathway. Additionally, we propose four operationalisation requirements to ensure companies can declare they are on a Paris Compliant Pathway including calculations of their carbon budgets and re-alignment pathways. Applying example Paris-Compliant Pathways and associated metrics to ten high emission electric utility companies and ten cement companies, we find that all but one of these companies are not currently Paris-compliant, with every year of delayed action increasing their required rate of decarbonisation and hence the exposure of billions of investment dollars to transition risk. Applying this proposed method will ensure the Paris carbon budget is met and that progress can be tracked accurately - an imperative for any companies and stakeholders seeking to align their decision-making with the Paris Agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rekker
- UQ Business School, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - M C Ives
- Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - B Wade
- UQ Business School, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - L Webb
- UQ Business School, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - C Greig
- Andlinger Centre for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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Kucuker M, Ozerdem A, Ceylan D, Cabello-Arreola A, Ho M, Joseph B, Webb L, Croarkin P, Frye M, Veldic M. The Role of Base Excision Repair in Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9566922 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In vivo and in vitro studies suggest that inflammation and oxidative damage may contribute to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Imbalance between DNA damage and repair is an emerging research area examining pathophysiological mechanisms of these major mood disorders. Objectives This systematic review sought to examine current evidence on the association between mood disorders and deficits in base excision repair (BER), the primary repair mechanism for repair of oxidation-induced DNA lesions. Methods We conducted a comprehensive literature search of Ovid MEDLINE® Epub Ahead of Print, Ovid MEDLINE® In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE® Daily, EMBASE (1947), and PsycINFO for studies investigating the alterations in base excision repair in patients with MDD or BD. Results A total of 1,364 records were identified. 1,352 records remained after duplicates were removed. 24 records were selected for full-text screening and a remaining 12 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) of several BER genes have been shown to be associated with MDD and BD. However, it was difficult to draw conclusions from BER gene expression studies due to conflicting findings and the small number of studies. Conclusions Future studies comparing DNA repair during the manic or depressive episode to remission will give us a better insight regarding the role of DNA repair in mood disorders. These alterations might be utilized as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as measuring treatment response. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Wenlock RD, Tausan M, Mann R, Garr W, Preston R, Arnold A, Hoban J, Webb L, Quick C, Beckett A, Loveson K, Glaysher S, Elliott S, Malone C, Cogger B, Easton L, Robson SC, Hassan-Ibrahim MO, Sargent C. Nosocomial or not? A combined epidemiological and genomic investigation to understand hospital-acquired COVID-19 infection on an elderly care ward. Infect Prev Pract 2021; 3:100165. [PMID: 34485893 PMCID: PMC8397489 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2021.100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has the potential to cause outbreaks in hospitals. Given the comorbid and elderly cohort of patients hospitalized, hospital-acquired COVID-19 infection is often fatal. Pathogen genome sequencing is becoming increasingly important in infection prevention and control (IPC). Aim To inform the understanding of in-hospital SARS-CoV-2 transmission in order to improve IPC practices and to inform the future development of virological testing for IPC. Methods Patients detected COVID-19 positive by polymerase chain reaction on Ward A in April and May 2020 were included with contact tracing to identify other potential cases. Genome sequencing was undertaken for a subgroup of cases. Epidemiological, genomic, and cluster analyses were performed to describe the epidemiology and to identify factors contributing to the outbreak. Findings Fourteen cases were identified on Ward A. Contact tracing identified 16 further patient cases; in addition, eight healthcare workers (HCWs) were identified as being COVID-19 positive through a round of asymptomatic testing. Genome sequencing of 16 of these cases identified viral genomes differing by two single nucleotide polymorphisms or fewer, with further cluster analysis identifying two groups of infection (a five-person group and a six-person group). Conclusion Despite the temporal relationship of cases, genome sequencing identified that not all cases shared transmission events. However, 11 samples were found to be closely related and these likely represented in-hospital transmission. This included three HCWs, thereby confirming transmission between patients and HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Wenlock
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - M Tausan
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - R Mann
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - W Garr
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - R Preston
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - A Arnold
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - J Hoban
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - L Webb
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - C Quick
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - A Beckett
- Centre for Enzyme Innovation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - K Loveson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - S Glaysher
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | - S Elliott
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | - C Malone
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - B Cogger
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - L Easton
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | | | - S C Robson
- Centre for Enzyme Innovation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | | | - C Sargent
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
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Pachchigar R, Blackwell N, Webb L, Francis K, Pahor K, Thompson A, Cornmell G, Anstey C, Ziegenfuss M, Shekar K. Development and implementation of a clinical information system-based protocol to improve nurse satisfaction of end-of-life care in a single intensive care unit. Aust Crit Care 2021; 35:273-278. [PMID: 34148763 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients treated in Australian intensive care units (ICUs) have an overall mortality rate of 5.05%. This is due to the critical nature of their disease, the increasing proportion of patients with multiple comorbidities, and advanced age. This has made treating patients during the end of life an integral part of intensive care practice and requires a high quality of care. With the increased use of electronic clinical information systems, a standardised protocol encompassing end-of-life care may provide an efficient method for documentation, communication, and timely delivery of comfort care. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine if an electronic clinical information system-based end-of-life care protocol improved nurses' satisfaction with the practice of end-of-life care for patients in the ICU. DESIGN This is a prospective single-centre observational study. SETTING The study was carried out at a 20-bed cardiothoracic and general ICU between 2015 and 2017. PARTICIPANTS The study participants were ICU nurses. INTERVENTION Electronic clinical information-based end-of-life care protocol was used in the study. OUTCOME The primary outcome was nurse satisfaction obtained by a survey. RESULTS The number of respondents for the before survey and after survey was 58 (29%) and 64 (32%), respectively. There was a significant difference between the before survey and the after survey with regard to feeling comfortable in transitioning from curative treatment (median = 2 [interquartile range {IQR} = 2, 3] vs 3 [IQR = 2, 3], p = 0.03), feeling involved in the decision to move from curative treatment to end-of-life care (median = 2 [IQR = 2, 2] vs 2 [IQR 2, 3], p = 0.049), and feeling religious beliefs/rituals should be respected during the end-of-life process (median = 4 [IQR = 3, 4] vs. 4 [IQR = 4, 4], p = 0.02). There were some practices that had a low satisfaction rate on both the before survey and after survey. However, a high proportion of nurses were satisfied with many of the end-of-life care practices. CONCLUSION The nurses were highly satisfied with many aspects of end-of-life care practices in this unit. The use of an electronic clinical information system-based protocol improved nurse satisfaction and perception of quality of end-of-life care practices for three survey questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pachchigar
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - N Blackwell
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L Webb
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - K Francis
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - K Pahor
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - A Thompson
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - G Cornmell
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia
| | - C Anstey
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Medicine, Griffith University, Sunshine Coast Campus, Birtinya, Australia
| | - M Ziegenfuss
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K Shekar
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, 627 Rode Road, Chermside, Queensland, 4032, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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7
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Kirwan PD, Hibbert M, Kall M, Nambiar K, Ross M, Croxford S, Nash S, Webb L, Wolton A, Delpech VC. HIV prevalence and HIV clinical outcomes of transgender and gender-diverse people in England. HIV Med 2020; 22:131-139. [PMID: 33103840 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We provide the first estimate of HIV prevalence among trans and gender-diverse people living in England and compare outcomes of people living with HIV according to gender identity. METHODS We analysed a comprehensive national HIV cohort and a nationally representative self-reported survey of people accessing HIV care in England (Positive Voices). Gender identity was recorded using a two-step question co-designed with community members and civil society. Responses were validated by clinic follow-up and/or self-report. Population estimates were obtained from national government offices. RESULTS In 2017, HIV prevalence among trans and gender-diverse people was estimated at 0.46-4.78 per 1000, compared with 1.7 (95% credible interval: 1.6-1.7) in the general population. Of 94 885 people living with diagnosed HIV in England, 178 (0.19%) identified as trans or gender-diverse. Compared with cisgender people, trans and gender-diverse people were more likely to be London residents (57% vs. 43%), younger (median age 42 vs. 46 years), of white ethnicity (61% vs. 52%), under psychiatric care (11% vs. 4%), to report problems with self-care (37% vs. 13%), and to have been refused or delayed healthcare (23% vs. 11%). Antiretroviral uptake and viral suppression were high in both groups. CONCLUSIONS HIV prevalence among trans and gender-diverse people living in England is relatively low compared with international estimates. Furthermore, no inequalities were observed with regard to HIV care. Nevertheless, trans and gender-diverse people with HIV report poorer mental health and higher levels of discrimination compared with cisgender people.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Kirwan
- Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division, Public Health England, London, UK.,Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Hibbert
- Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - M Kall
- Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - K Nambiar
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | | | - S Croxford
- Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - S Nash
- Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - L Webb
- LGBT Foundation, Manchester, UK
| | - A Wolton
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - V C Delpech
- Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division, Public Health England, London, UK
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Grobman WA, Sandoval G, Reddy UM, Tita AT, Silver RM, Mallett G, Hill K, Rice MM, El-Sayed YY, Wapner RJ, Rouse DJ, Saade GR, Thorp JM, Chauhan SP, Iams JD, Chien EK, Casey BM, Gibbs RS, Srinivas SK, Swamy GK, Simhan HN, Macones GA, Peaceman A, Plunkett B, Paycheck K, Dinsmoor M, Harris S, Sheppard J, Biggio J, Harper L, Longo S, Servay C, Varner M, Sowles A, Coleman K, Atkinson D, Stratford J, Dellermann S, Meadows C, Esplin S, Martin C, Peterson K, Stradling S, Willson C, Lyell D, Girsen A, Knapp R, Gyamfi C, Bousleiman S, Perez-Delboy A, Talucci M, Carmona V, Plante L, Tocci C, Leopanto B, Hoffman M, Dill-Grant L, Palomares K, Otarola S, Skupski D, Chan R, Allard D, Gelsomino T, Rousseau J, Beati L, Milano J, Werner E, Salazar A, Costantine M, Chiossi G, Pacheco L, Saad A, Munn M, Jain S, Clark S, Clark K, Boggess K, Timlin S, Eichelberger K, Moore A, Beamon C, Byers H, Ortiz F, Garcia L, Sibai B, Bartholomew A, Buhimschi C, Landon M, Johnson F, Webb L, McKenna D, Fennig K, Snow K, Habli M, McClellan M, Lindeman C, Dalton W, Hackney D, Cozart H, Mayle A, Mercer B, Moseley L, Gerald J, Fay-Randall L, Garcia M, Sias A, Price J, Hale K, Phipers J, Heyborne K, Craig J, Parry S, Sehdev H, Bishop T, Ferrara J, Bickus M, Caritis S, Thom E, Doherty L, de Voest J. Health resource utilization of labor induction versus expectant management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 222:369.e1-369.e11. [PMID: 31930993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although induction of labor of low-risk nulliparous women at 39 weeks reduces the risk of cesarean delivery compared with expectant management, concern regarding more frequent use of labor induction remains, given that this intervention historically has been thought to incur greater resource utilization. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to determine whether planned elective labor induction at 39 weeks among low-risk nulliparous women, compared with expectant management, was associated with differences in health care resource utilization from the time of randomization through 8 weeks postpartum. STUDY DESIGN This is a planned secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized trial in which low-risk nulliparous women were assigned to induction of labor at 39 weeks or expectant management. We assessed resource utilization after randomization in 3 time periods: antepartum, delivery admission, and discharge through 8 weeks postpartum. RESULTS Of 6096 women with data available, those in the induction of labor group (n = 3059) were significantly less likely in the antepartum period after randomization to have at least 1 ambulatory visit for routine prenatal care (32.4% vs 68.4%), unanticipated care (0.5% vs 2.6%), or urgent care (16.2% vs 44.3%), or at least 1 antepartum hospitalization (0.8% vs 2.2%, P < .001 for all). They also had fewer tests (eg, sonograms, blood tests) and treatments (eg, antibiotics, intravenous hydration) prior to delivery. During the delivery admission, women in the induction of labor group spent a longer time in labor and delivery (median, 0.83 vs 0.57 days), but both women (P = .002) and their neonates (P < .001) had shorter postpartum stays. Women and neonates in both groups had similar frequencies of postpartum urgent care and hospital readmissions (P > .05 for all). CONCLUSION Women randomized to induction of labor had longer durations in labor and delivery but significantly fewer antepartum visits, tests, and treatments and shorter maternal and neonatal hospital durations after delivery. These results demonstrate that the health outcome advantages associated with induction of labor are gained without incurring uniformly greater health care resource use.
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Gaillard-Campbell MD, Fowble C, Webb L, Gross TP. Hip resurfacing as an outpatient procedure: a comparison of overall cost and review of safety. Musculoskelet Surg 2020; 105:111-116. [PMID: 31993975 PMCID: PMC7960592 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-020-00637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Recent advancements in arthroplasty surgical techniques and perioperative protocols have reduced the duration of hospitalization and length of recovery, allowing surgeons to perform joint replacement as an outpatient procedure. This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and safety of outpatient hip resurfacing. Two experienced surgeons performed 485 resurfacing surgeries. We retrospectively compared clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction with published outpatient total hip results. Furthermore, we compared average insurance reimbursement with that of local inpatient hip replacement. No major complications occurred within 6 weeks. Of the 39 patients with previous inpatient experience, 37 (95%) believed their outpatient experience was superior. The average reimbursement for hip arthroplasty at local hospitals was $50,000, while the average payment for outpatient resurfacing at our surgery center was $26,000. We conclude that outpatient hip resurfacing can be accomplished safely, with high patient satisfaction, and at a tremendous financial savings to the insurer/patient. Level of evidence III Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12306-020-00637-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Gaillard-Campbell
- Midlands Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, 1910 Blanding Street, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA.
| | - C Fowble
- Midlands Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, 1910 Blanding Street, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | - L Webb
- Midlands Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, 1910 Blanding Street, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | - T P Gross
- Midlands Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, 1910 Blanding Street, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
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Johnson M, Malkus A, Webb L, Lee M. Determining the Effectiveness of a 6-Week Preschool Nutrition Intervention using USDA Team Nutrition Discover MyPlate eBooks: Measuring Nutrition Knowledge, Beliefs, and Behaviors. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Webb L, Weir A, Rowell S, Keenan E, Lovegrove E, Williams M, Timms C, Best H, Webb L, Jones K. 59EATING ONE’S FILL: THE USE OF DIETICIAN-LED WORKSHOPS IN TEACHING UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS ABOUT MALNUTRITION. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz057.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Webb
- University of Bristol, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
| | - A Weir
- Nutrition & Dietetic Services, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
| | - S Rowell
- Nutrition & Dietetic Services, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
| | - E Keenan
- Nutrition & Dietetic Services, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
| | - E Lovegrove
- Nutrition & Dietetic Services, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
| | - M Williams
- Nutrition & Dietetic Services, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
| | - C Timms
- University of Bristol, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
| | - H Best
- Nutrition & Dietetic Services, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
| | - L Webb
- Nutrition & Dietetic Services, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
| | - K Jones
- University of Bristol, Great Western Hospital, Marlborough Road, Swindon
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Webb L, Van’t Hoff C, Timms C, Ashton C, Jones K, Ipe A. 56A DAY IN THEIR SHOES: THE USE OF AGEING SUITS IN UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz057.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Webb
- Swindon Academy, Great Western Hospital, Swindon
| | - C Van’t Hoff
- Swindon Academy, Great Western Hospital, Swindon
| | - C Timms
- Swindon Academy, Great Western Hospital, Swindon
| | - C Ashton
- Swindon Academy, Great Western Hospital, Swindon
| | - K Jones
- Swindon Academy, Great Western Hospital, Swindon
| | - A Ipe
- Swindon Academy, Great Western Hospital, Swindon
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Urh C, Schuh K, Zamarian V, Webb L, Lecchi C, Alaedin M, Sadri H, Ghaffari M, Dusel G, Koch C, Trakooljul N, Wimmers K, Ceciliani F, Sauerwein H. PSVII-32 Profiling peripheral microRNA in normal- versus over-conditioned dairy cows during dry-off and early lactation. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Urh
- University of Bonn, Institute for Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene,Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - K Schuh
- University of Bonn, Institute for Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene,Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - V Zamarian
- Università di Milano, Department of Veterinary Medicine,Milano, Lombardia,Italy
| | - L Webb
- University of Bonn, Institute for Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene,Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - C Lecchi
- Università di Milano, Department of Veterinary Medicine,Milano, Lombardia,Italy
| | - M Alaedin
- University of Bonn, Institute for Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene,Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - H Sadri
- University of Tabriz, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Tabriz, Iran
| | - M Ghaffari
- University of Bonn, Institute for Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene,Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - G Dusel
- University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, Animal Nutrition and Hygiene Unit, Rheinland-Pfalz,Germany
| | - C Koch
- Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumühle, Muenchweiler a.d. Alsenz, Rheinland-Pfalz,Germany
| | - N Trakooljul
- Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology,Dummerstorf, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
| | - K Wimmers
- Institute of Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology,Rostock, Germany
| | - F Ceciliani
- Università di Milano, Department of Veterinary Medicine,Milano, Lombardia,Italy
| | - H Sauerwein
- University of Bonn, Institute for Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene,Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
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Smith W, Smith W, Webb L. PREVALENCE OF ELEVATED EXHALED NITRIC OXIDE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC COUGH IN A COMMUNITY SETTING. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.09.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Eley VA, Chin A, Sekar R, Donovan T, Krepska A, Lawrence M, Bell S, Ralfe K, McGrath S, Webb L, Robinson A, van Zundert A, Marquart L. Increasing body mass index and abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness are associated with increased skin-to-epidural space distance in pregnant women. Int J Obstet Anesth 2018; 38:59-65. [PMID: 30477996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body mass index does not indicate the distribution of adipose tissue. Central adiposity may be measured using ultrasound measurement of subcutaneous fat thickness. This study determined if the abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness measured correlated with skin-to-epidural space distance at delivery, and compared this with the booking body mass index. METHODS We analysed a sub-set of participants from a single-centre, prospective cohort study that assessed the relationship between subcutaneous fat thickness and maternity outcomes. Abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness measurements were obtained during the routine fetal anomaly scan. The skin-to-epidural space distance was obtained in those having epidural or combined spinal-epidural analgesia. Linear regression was used to test for strength of association and adjusted R2 values calculated to determine if subcutaneous fat thickness or body mass index was more strongly associated with skin-to-epidural space distance. RESULTS The 463 women had a median (IQR) booking body mass index of 25.0 kg/m2 (21.8-29.3) and subcutaneous fat thickness of 16.2 mm (13.0-21.0). The median (IQR) skin-to-epidural space distance was 5.0 cm (4.5-6.0). Both parameters significantly correlated with skin-to-epidural space distance (r=0.53 and 0.68 respectively, P <0.001). Adjusted linear regression coefficient (95% CI) for subcutaneous fat thickness was 0.09 (0.08 to 0.11), R2=0.30 and for body mass index 0.12 (0.11 to 0.13), R2=0.47. CONCLUSIONS Booking body mass index had a stronger relationship with skin-to- epidural space distance at delivery than subcutaneous fat thickness, explaining 47% of the variation in the skin-to-epidural distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Eley
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - A Chin
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - R Sekar
- The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - T Donovan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia; Grantley Stable Neonatal Unit, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - A Krepska
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Lawrence
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Bell
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Ralfe
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - S McGrath
- The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - L Webb
- Statistics Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - A Robinson
- The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - A van Zundert
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - L Marquart
- Statistics Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Eley VA, Chin A, Tham I, Poh J, Aujla P, Glasgow E, Brown H, Steele K, Webb L, van Zundert A. Epidural extension failure in obese women is comparable to that of non-obese women. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2018; 62:839-847. [PMID: 29399781 PMCID: PMC6001550 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of labor epidurals in obese women is difficult and extension to surgical anesthesia is not always successful. Our previous retrospective pilot study found epidural extension was more likely to fail in obese women. This study used a prospective cohort to compare the failure rate of epidural extension in obese and non-obese women and to identify risk factors for extension failure. METHODS One hundred obese participants (Group O, body mass index ≥ 40 kg/m2 ) were prospectively identified and allocated two sequential controls (Group C, body mass index ≤ 30 kg/m2 ). All subjects utilized epidural labor analgesia and subsequently required anesthesia for cesarean section. The primary outcome measure was failure of the labor epidural to be used as the primary anesthetic technique. Risk factors for extension failure were identified using Chi-squared and logistic regression. RESULTS The odds ratio (OR) of extension failure was 1.69 in Group O (20% vs. 13%; 95% CI: 0.88-3.21, P = 0.11). Risk factors for failure in obese women included ineffective labor analgesia requiring anesthesiologist intervention, (OR 3.94, 95% CI: 1.16-13.45, P = 0.028) and BMI > 50 kg/m2 (OR 3.42, 95% CI: 1.07-10.96, P = 0.038). CONCLUSION The failure rate of epidural extension did not differ significantly between the groups. Further research is needed to determine the influence of body mass index > 50 kg/m2 on epidural extension for cesarean section.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. A. Eley
- The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD Australia
| | - A. Chin
- The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD Australia
| | - I. Tham
- Logan Hospital; Meadowbrook QLD Australia
| | - J. Poh
- Logan Hospital; Meadowbrook QLD Australia
| | - P. Aujla
- The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD Australia
| | - E. Glasgow
- The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD Australia
| | - H. Brown
- The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD Australia
| | - K. Steele
- The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD Australia
| | - L. Webb
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer; Herston QLD Australia
| | - A. van Zundert
- The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD Australia
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Zaidat OO, Bozorgchami H, Ribó M, Saver JL, Mattle HP, Chapot R, Narata AP, Francois O, Jadhav AP, Grossberg JA, Riedel CH, Tomasello A, Clark WM, Nordmeyer H, Lin E, Nogueira RG, Yoo AJ, Jovin TG, Siddiqui AH, Bernard T, Claffey M, Andersson T, Ribo M, Hetts S, Hacke W, Mehta B, Hacein-Bey L, Kim A, Abou-Chebl A, Shabe P, Hetts S, Hacein-Bey L, Kim A, Abou-Chebl A, Dix J, Gurian J, Zink W, Dabus G, O’Leary, N, Reilly A, Lee K, Foley J, Dolan M, Hartley E, Clark T, Nadeau K, Shama J, Hull L, Brown B, Priest R, Nesbit G, Horikawa M, Hoak D, Petersen B, Beadell N, Herrick K, White C, Stacey M, Ford S, Liu J, Ribó M, Sanjuan, E, Sanchis M, Molina C, Rodríguez-Luna, D, Boned Riera S, Pagola J, Rubiera M, Juega J, Rodríguez N, Muller N, Stauder M, Stracke P, Heddier M, Charron V, Decock A, Herbreteau D, Bibi R, De Sloovere A, Doutreloigne I, Pieters D, Dewaele T, Bourgeois P, Vanhee F, Vanderdouckt P, Vancaster E, Baxendell L, Gilchrist V, Cannon Y, Graves C, Armbruster K, Jovin T, Jankowitz B, Ducruet A, Aghaebrahim A, Kenmuir C, Shoirah H, Molyneaux B, Tadi P, Walker G, Starr M, Doppelheuer S, Schindler K, Craft L, Schultz M, Perez H, Park J, Hall A, Mitchell A, Webb L, Haussen D, Frankel M, Bianchi N, Belagaje S, Mahdi N, Lahoti S, Katema A, Winningham M, Anderson A, Tilley D, Steinhauser T, Scott D, Thacker A, Calderon V, Lin E, Becke S, Krieter S, Jansen O, Wodarg F, Larsen N, Binder A, Wiesen C, Hartney M, Bookhagan L, Ross H, Gay J, Snyder K, Levy E, Davies J, Sonig A, Rangel-Castilla L, Mowla A, Shakir H, Fennell V, Atwal G, Natarajan S, Beecher J, Thornton J, Cullen A, Brennan P, O’Hare A, Asadi H, Budzik R, Taylor M, Jennings M, Laube F, Jackson J, Gatrell R, Reebel L, Albon A, Gerniak J, Groezinger K, Lauf M, Voraco N, Pema P, Davis T, Hicks W, Mejilla J, Teleb M, Sunenshine P, Russo E, Flynn R, Twyford J, Ver Hage A, Smith E, Apolinar L, Blythe S, Maxan J, Carter J, Taschner T, Bergmann U, Meckel S, Elsheik S, Urbach H, Maurer C, Egger K, Niesen W, Baxter B, Knox, A, Hazelwood B, Quarfordt S, Calvert J, Hawk H, Malek, R, Padidar A, Tolley U, Gutierrez A, Mordasini P, Seip T, Balasubramaniam R, Gralla J, Fischer U, Zibold F, Piechowiak E, DeLeacy R, Apruzzeses R, Alfonso C, Haslett J, Fifi J, Mocco J, Starkman S, Guzy, J, Grunberg N, Szeder V, Tateshima S, Duckwiler G, Nour M, Liebeskind D, Tang X, Hinman J, Tipirneni A, Yavagal D, Guada L, Bates K, Balladeras S, Bokka S, Suir S, Caplan J, Kandewall P, Peterson E, Starke R, Puri A, Hawk M, Brooks C, L’Heurex J, Ty K, Rex D, Massari F, Wakhloo A, Lozano D, Rodrigua K, Pierot L, Fabienne M, Sebastien S, Emmoinoli M. Primary Results of the Multicenter ARISE II Study (Analysis of Revascularization in Ischemic Stroke With EmboTrap). Stroke 2018; 49:1107-1115. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Osama O. Zaidat
- From the Department of Neuroscience, Mercy St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH (O.O.Z., E.L.)
| | | | - Marc Ribó
- Department of Neuroradiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain (M.R., A.T.)
| | - Jeffrey L. Saver
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (J.L.S.)
| | - Heinrich P. Mattle
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland (H.P.M.)
| | - René Chapot
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C., H.N.)
| | - Ana Paula Narata
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Hôpitaux de Tours, France (A.P.N.)
| | | | - Ashutosh P. Jadhav
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (A.P.J., T.G.J.)
| | - Jonathan A. Grossberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.A.G., R.G.N.)
| | | | - Alejandro Tomasello
- Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (T.A.)
| | - Wayne M. Clark
- Oregon Health and Science University Hospital, Portland (H.B., W.M.C.)
| | - Hannes Nordmeyer
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C., H.N.)
| | - Eugene Lin
- From the Department of Neuroscience, Mercy St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH (O.O.Z., E.L.)
| | - Raul G. Nogueira
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (J.A.G., R.G.N.)
| | - Albert J. Yoo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Texas Stroke Institute, Dallas–Fort Worth (A.J.Y.)
| | - Tudor G. Jovin
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (A.P.J., T.G.J.)
| | | | | | | | - Tommy Andersson
- Department of Neuroradiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain (M.R., A.T.)
- AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium (O.F., T.A.)
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Abstract
Three cases are presented which emphasize the importance of hyponatraemia as a cause of grand mal seizures. The combination of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride appears to increase the risk of hyponatraemia. We discuss the aetiology and treatment of hyponatraemia and review the necessity for such combination therapy. We recommend caution in prescribing diuretics and preparations such as Moduretic should be used only in those few patients shown to need potassium supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Johnston
- Department of Medicine, St Helier Hospital, Carshalton, Surrey
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Abstract
The current study investigated the extent to which a 9-wk. course on human sexuality for teachers changed their knowledge and attitudes. Significant changes were found from the pre- to post-course assessment on both measures of knowledge. The only significant change in attitude scores, however, was on the Autoeroticism Attitude Scale. This pilot program encourages further exploration of the differences in methodological approaches and the long-term effects of training on specific attitudes and knowledge.
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Weber M, Locher L, Huber K, Rehage J, Tienken R, Meyer U, Dänicke S, Webb L, Sauerwein H, Mielenz M. Longitudinal changes in adipose tissue of dairy cows from late pregnancy to lactation. Part 2: The SIRT-PPARGC1A axis and its relationship with the adiponectin system. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:1560-1570. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Collins D, Hookey A, Kominek N, Webb L. Can very low calorie diets provide an alternative to bariatric surgery for inducing remission of type 2 diabetes in overweight patients in Swindon? Clin Nutr ESPEN 2015; 10:e195. [PMID: 28531512 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2015.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Collins
- Great Western Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Marlborough Road, Swindon, SN3 6BB, UK
| | - A Hookey
- Great Western Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Marlborough Road, Swindon, SN3 6BB, UK
| | - N Kominek
- Great Western Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Marlborough Road, Swindon, SN3 6BB, UK
| | - L Webb
- Great Western Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Marlborough Road, Swindon, SN3 6BB, UK
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BaniHani A, Nazzal H, Webb L, Toumba KJ, Fabbroni G. An unusual presentation of erythema multiforme in a paediatric patient. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2015; 16:297-302. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-015-0181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bailey CE, Fritz MB, Webb L, Merchant NB, Parikh AA. Gastric duplication cyst masquerading as a mucinous pancreatic cyst: case report and literature review. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2014; 96:88E-90E. [PMID: 24417851 PMCID: PMC5137649 DOI: 10.1308/003588414x13824511649977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric duplication cysts are rare cystic neoplasms that are often difficult to distinguish from other entities. We describe a healthy 44-year-old woman who presented with acute right lower quadrant abdominal and flank pain as well as chronic nausea and constipation. Her physical examination was unremarkable but contrasted computed tomography revealed a 6 cm cystic lesion between the stomach and body of the pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasonography and fluid analysis were consistent with a mucinous cyst with a markedly elevated fluid carcinoembryonic antigen level. The patient subsequently underwent a laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy, which was converted to an open procedure when the lesion was noted to be adherent to the coeliac axis. Intraoperative endoscopy revealed no abnormality. Final pathology revealed a gastric duplication cyst. The patient recovered well and was asymptomatic on follow-up. In this report, we discuss the incidence, natural history and management of this rare entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Bailey
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, US
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Bonani M, Brockmann J, Cohen CD, Fehr T, Nocito A, Schiesser M, Serra AL, Blum M, Struker M, Frey DF, Wuthrich RP, Kim YW, Park SJ, Kim TH, Kim YH, Kang SW, Webb L, Casula A, Tomson C, Ben-Shlomo Y, Webb L, Casula A, Ben-Shlomo Y, Tomson C, Mansour H, Akl A, Wafa E, El Shahawy M, Palma R, Swaminathan S, Irish AB, Kolonko A, Chudek J, Wiecek A, Vanrenterghem Y, Kuypers D, Katrien DV, Evenepoel P, Claes K, Bammens B, Meijers B, Naesens M, Kolonko A, Chudek J, Wiecek A, Lo S, Chan CK, Yong D, Wong PN, Kwan TH, Cheng YL, Fung KS, Choy BY, Chau KF, Leung CB, Ebben J, Liu J, Chen SC, Collins A, Ho YW, Abelli M, Ferrario DI Torvajana A, Ticozzelli E, Maiga B, Ferrario DI Torvajana A, Patane A, Albrizio P, Gregorini M, Libetta C, Rampino T, Albrizio P, Geraci P, Dal Canton A, Rotter MT, Jacobi J, Pressmar K, Amann K, Eckardt KU, Weidemann A, Muller K, Stein M, Diezemann C, Sefrin A, Babel N, Reinke P, Schachtner T, Costa C, Touscoz GA, Sidoti F, Sinesi F, Mantovani S, Simeone S, Balloco C, Piasentin Alessio E, Messina M, Segoloni G, Cavallo R, Sharma R.K, Kaul DA, Gupta RK, Gupta A, Prasad N, Bhadhuria D, Suresh KJ, Benaboud S, Prie D, Thervet E, Urien S, Legendre C, Souberbielle JC, Hirt D, Friedlander G, Treluyer JM, Courbebaisse M, Arias M, Arias M, Campistol J, Pascual J, Grinyo JM, Hernandez D, Morales JM, Pallardo LM, Seron D, Senecal L, Boucher A, Dandavino R, Boucher A, Colette S, Vallee M, Lafrance JP, Tung-Min Y, Min-Ju W, Cheng-Hsu C, Chi-Hung C, Kuo-Hsiung S, Mei-Chin W, Direkze S, Khorsavi M, Khorsavi M, Stuart S, Goode A, Jones G, Chudek J, Kolonko A, Wiecek A, Massimetti C, Napoletano I, Imperato G, Muratore MT, Fazio S, Pessina G, Brescia F, Feriozzi S, Tanaka K, Sakai K, Futaki A, Hyoudo Y, Muramatsu M, Kawamura T, Shishido S, Hara S, Kushiyama A, Aikawa A, Jankowski K, Gozdowska J, Lewandowska D, Kwiatkowski A, Durlik M, Pruszczyk P, Obi Y, Ichimaru N, Kato T, Okumi M, Kaimori J, Yazawa K, Nonomura N, Isaka Y, Takahara S, Aimele M, Christophe R, Geraldine D, Eric R, Alexandre H, Masson I, Nicolas M, Ivan T, Acil J, Lise T, Aoumeur HA, Laurence D, Pierre D, Etienne C, Lionel R, Nassim K, Emmanuel M, Eric A, Christophe M, Webb L, Casula A, Tomson C, Ben-Shlomo Y, Alexandre K, Pierre B, Jean-Philippe H, Dominique P, Christophe L, Alexei G, Michel D, Shah P, Kute VB, Vanikar A, Gumber M, Modi P, Trivedi H, GoIebiewska J, Debska-Slizien A, Rutkowski B, Domanski L, Dutkiewicz G, Kloda K, Pawlik A, Ciechanowicz A, Binczak-Kuleta A, Rozanski J, Myslak M, Safranow K, Ciechanowski K, Aline CS, Basset T, Delavenne X, Alamartine E, Mariat C, Kloda K, Domanski L, Pawlik A, Bobrek-Lesiakowska K, Wisniewska M, Romanowski M, Safranow K, Kurzawski M, Rozanski J, Myslak M, Ciechanowski K, De Borst M, Baia L, Navis G, Bakker S, Ranghino A, Tognarelli G, Basso E, Messina M, Manzione AM, Daidola G, Segoloni GP, Kimura T, Yagisawa T, Ishikawa N, Sakuma Y, Hujiwara T, Nukui A, Yashi M, Kim JH, Kim SS, Han DJ, Park SK, Randhawa G, Gumber M, Kute VB, Shah P, Patel H, Vanikar A, Modi P, Trivedi H, Taheri S, Goker-Alpan O, Ibrahim J, Nedd K, Shankar S, Lein H, Barshop B, Boyd E, Holida M, Hillman R, Ibrahim J, Mardach R, Wienreb N, Rever B, Forte R, Desai A, Wijatyk A, Chang P, Martin R. Transplantation - clinical I. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
This theoretical review paper examines the applicability of assessment tools, guidelines and protocols in mental health and substance use care on the basis of the construction of such tools and their reliance on aggregate and actuarial methodologies. Evidence-based practice leads clinicians to increasing reliance on tools for assessment of health status, risk and prediction for a range of clinical needs for individual clients. In the longer-term management of people with enduring and chronic mental health and substance misuse problems, clinicians are often dealing with complex and unstable health needs. The tools available, however, are developed on the basis of majority population evidence and on presumptions of similarity and stability over time. This paper provides explanation of the basis for the development of such tools and argues that clinicians need to be able to evaluate the applicability of tools used for their clients and not just evaluate the internal validity of the tools used to make individual and contextual decisions about individual clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Webb
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
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Webb L, Whiting J, Watt A, Hill T, Wigg F, Dunn G, Needs S, Barlow EW. Managing Grapevines through Severe Heat: A Survey of Growers after the 2009 Summer Heatwave in South-eastern Australia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2010.530106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Webb L, Beaumont DJ, Nager RG, McCracken DI. Field-scale dispersal of Aphodius dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in response to avermectin treatments on pastured cattle. Bull Entomol Res 2010; 100:175-183. [PMID: 19586576 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485309006981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Very few studies have examined, at the field scale, the potential for faecal residues in the dung of avermectin-treated cattle to affect dung-breeding insects. The current study examined populations of dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Aphodius) using pitfall traps baited with dung from untreated cattle on 26 fields across eight farms in southwest Scotland. The fields were grazed either by untreated cattle or by cattle treated with an avermectin product, i.e. doramectin or ivermectin. During the two-year study, significantly more beetles were trapped in fields grazed by treated cattle (n=9377 beetles) than in fields where cattle remained untreated (n=2483 beetles). Additional trials showed that beetles preferentially colonised dung of untreated versus doramectin-treated cattle. This may explain the higher captures of beetles in traps baited with dung of untreated cattle, which were located in fields of treated cattle. Given that Aphodius beetles avoided dung of treated cattle in the current study, the potential harmful effects of avermectin residues in cattle dung could be reduced through livestock management practices that maximise the availability of dung from untreated livestock in areas where avermectins are being used.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Webb
- Land Economy & Environment Research Group, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr, UK.
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Webb L, Craissati J, Keen S. Characteristics of internet child pornography offenders: a comparison with child molesters. Sex Abuse 2007; 19:449-465. [PMID: 18008163 DOI: 10.1177/107906320701900408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Accepted: 10/22/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this exploratory study was to compare internet sex offenders with a matched group of child molesters in the Greater London Area. Over an 8-month period 210 subjects were assessed, of whom 90 were internet sex offenders and 120 were child molesters. A wide range of background data was collected, including a number of psychometric measures to determine risk and personality traits. The research identified a number of similarities between internet sex offenders and child molesters on background variables. Specifically, in comparison to the child molesters, the internet offenders reported more psychological difficulties in adulthood and fewer prior sexual convictions. The socio-affective characteristics of internet offenders and child molesters look similar, but the antisocial variables, such as, 'acting out' and breaking social rules underlines their difference. The follow up research was carried out after a short period of time at risk-averaging 18 months-but suggested that internet sex offenders were significantly less likely to fail in the community than child molesters in terms of all types of recidivism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Webb
- Oxleas NHS Trust, Dartford, Kent, UK
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Webb L, Beaumont DJ, Nager RG, McCracken DI. Effects of avermectin residues in cattle dung on yellow dung fly Scathophaga stercoraria (Diptera: Scathophagidae) populations in grazed pastures. Bull Entomol Res 2007; 97:129-38. [PMID: 17411477 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485307004683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of avermectin exposure on natural populations of the yellow dung fly, Scathophaga stercoraria Linnaeus, were investigated at the field scale on farms in south-west Scotland. Pastures forming the focus of the study were grazed with either untreated cattle or cattle receiving standard, manufacturer-recommended treatment regimes of an avermectin product. Flies were sampled between April and July in 2002 and 2003 using dung-baited pitfall traps. Abundance and wing asymmetry in S. stercoraria populations were examined in relation to a range of environmental and management variables (including avermectin exposure, pasture management intensity, weather and season). Data used for abundance analyses were collected in fields where treated cattle had been dosed with either doramectin or ivermectin, while the data for the asymmetry analyses were from a subset of fields where treated cattle had been dosed with doramectin only. While abundance of S. stercoraria varied significantly between years and with season, there was no difference in their abundance between fields grazed by avermectin-treated or untreated cattle. Asymmetry was significantly higher in fly populations in fields grazed by doramectin-treated cattle, suggesting that exposure to doramectin during development could have imposed some degree of environmental stress. While these results suggest that exposure to doramectin residues in dung on grazed pastures may have sublethal effects on the insects developing in that dung, there was no evident avermectin effect on the abundance of adult S. stercoraria occurring in the pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Webb
- Land Economy and Environment Research Group, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr, KA6 5HW, UK.
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Abstract
Response selection takes time. Hick's law (Hick, 1952) predicts that the time course of response selection is a logarithmic function of the number of equally likely response alternatives. However, recent work has shown that oculomotor responses constitute noteworthy exceptions in that the latencies of saccades (Kveraga, Boucher, & Hughes, 2002) and smooth pursuit movements (Berryhill, Kveraga, Boucher, & Hughes, 2004) are completely independent of response uncertainty. This finding extends to the case in which the required response was known in advance (i.e., simple reaction times [RTs] were equivalent to choice RTs). In view of these results, we reevaluated reports that latencies to name visually presented digits (Experiment 1) and/or repeat aurally presented digits (Experiment 2) are similarly independent of the size of the response set. We found that naming latencies were equivalent for response set sizes from one to eight, but simple RTs (response set of one) were faster. Thus, the overlearned task of digit naming is indeed highly automatic but has not reached the level of automaticity characteristic of the oculomotor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Berryhill
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
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Viswanathan M, Ammerman A, Eng E, Garlehner G, Lohr KN, Griffith D, Rhodes S, Samuel-Hodge C, Maty S, Lux L, Webb L, Sutton SF, Swinson T, Jackman A, Whitener L. Community-based participatory research: assessing the evidence. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ) 2004:1-8. [PMID: 15460504 PMCID: PMC4780908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
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Abstract
This paper describes benchmarking research undertaken within one former National Health Service Executive region examining acute ward funded and actual staffing establishments and funded expenditure for mental health nursing staff. Staffing establishment data were obtained for all 73 acute wards within the region. Of the established posts for trained mental health nurses across these wards, it was identified that there were 12% vacancies (117.99 whole time equivalent) at the time of the study. While some of the shortfall was dealt with by recruiting untrained nursing staff above funded establishments, there remained an overall shortfall in the total nursing workforce across the system of acute wards in the region. Although most of the provider trusts in the region were in development or experiencing major organizational change at the time of the study, considerable variation existed within and between trusts. Variations were identified in funded and actual nursing establishments and cost per bed, raising significant issues for trusts and their local mental health economies. Variations based on mixed- and single-sex wards were also noted. Findings are discussed in respect of the issues raised for the development of wards, provider trusts and their local systems. The utility of the methodology developed in this work is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ryan
- Health and Social Care Advisory Service and Manchester University, Manchester, UK.
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Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the bacterial pathogen which is responsible for approximately 80% of all cases of human osteomyelitis. It can invade and remain within osteoblasts. The fate of intracellular Staph. aureus after the death of the osteoblast has not been documented. We exposed human osteoblasts to Staph. aureus. After infection, the osteoblasts were either lysed with Triton X-100 or trypsinised. The bacteria released from both the trypsinised and lysed osteoblasts were cultured and counted. Colonies of the recovered bacteria were then introduced to additional cultures of human osteoblasts. The number of intracellular Staph. aureus recovered from the two techniques was equivalent. Staph. aureus recovered from time zero and 24 hours after infection, followed by lysis/trypsinisation, were capable of invading a second culture of human osteoblasts. Our findings indicate that dead or dying osteoblasts are capable of releasing viable Staph. aureus and that Staph. aureus released from dying or dead osteoblasts is capable of reinfecting human osteoblasts in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. K. Ellington
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Centre Boulevard, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27103, USA
| | - M. Harris
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Centre Boulevard, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27103, USA
| | - L. Webb
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Centre Boulevard, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27103, USA
| | - B. Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Centre Boulevard, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27103, USA
| | - T. Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Centre Boulevard, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27103, USA
| | - K. Tan
- Department of Life Science, Winston Salem State University, 601 Martin Luther King Drive, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27110, USA
| | - M. Hudson
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, USA
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Ellington JK, Harris M, Webb L, Smith B, Smith T, Tan K, Hudson M. Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus. A mechanism for the indolence of osteomyelitis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2003; 85:918-21. [PMID: 12931819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the bacterial pathogen which is responsible for approximately 80% of all cases of human osteomyelitis. It can invade and remain within osteoblasts. The fate of intracellular Staph. aureus after the death of the osteoblast has not been documented. We exposed human osteoblasts to Staph. aureus. After infection, the osteoblasts were either lysed with Triton X-100 or trypsinised. The bacteria released from both the trypsinised and lysed osteoblasts were cultured and counted. Colonies of the recovered bacteria were then introduced to additional cultures of human osteoblasts. The number of intracellular Staph. aureus recovered from the two techniques was equivalent. Staph. aureus recovered from time zero and 24 hours after infection, followed by lysis/trypsinisation, were capable of invading a second culture of human osteoblasts. Our findings indicate that dead or dying osteoblasts are capable of releasing viable Staph. aureus and that Staph. aureus released from dying or dead osteoblasts is capable of reinfecting human osteoblasts in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Ellington
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27103, USA
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Webb L. Work in a busy anticoagulation department. Nurs Times 2001; 97:41. [PMID: 11958031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Webb
- Anticoagulation Service, Kettering General Hospital NHS Trust
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Cawley JF, Andrews MD, Barnhill GC, Webb L, Hill IK. What makes the day an analysis of the content of physician assistants' practice. JAAPA 2001; 14:41-4, 47-50, 55-6. [PMID: 11523338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J F Cawley
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Services, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Kuroda M, Sok J, Webb L, Baechtold H, Urano F, Yin Y, Chung P, de Rooij DG, Akhmedov A, Ashley T, Ron D. Male sterility and enhanced radiation sensitivity in TLS(-/-) mice. EMBO J 2000; 19:453-62. [PMID: 10654943 PMCID: PMC305582 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/19.3.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TLS (also known as FUS) is an RNA-binding protein that contributes the N-terminal half of fusion oncoproteins implicated in the development of human liposarcomas and leukemias. Here we report that male mice homozygous for an induced mutation in TLS are sterile with a marked increase in the number of unpaired and mispaired chromosomal axes in pre-meiotic spermatocytes. Nuclear extracts from TLS(-/-) testes lack an activity capable of promoting pairing between homologous DNA sequences in vitro, and TLS(-/-) mice and embryonic fibroblasts exhibit increased sensitivity to ionizing irradiation. These results are consistent with a role for TLS in homologous DNA pairing and recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kuroda
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, the Departments of Medicine, Cell Biology and the Kaplan Cancer Center, NYU Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Macey MG, Carty E, Webb L, Chapman ES, Zelmanovic D, Okrongly D, Rampton DS, Newland AC. Use of mean platelet component to measure platelet activation on the ADVIA 120 haematology system. Cytometry 1999; 38:250-5. [PMID: 10516612 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0320(19991015)38:5<250::aid-cyto8>3.3.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Platelet activation results in changes in a number of cell surface molecules including an increase in P-Selectin (CD62P) that may be rapidly and conveniently measured by immunofluorescent flow cytometry. The ADVIA 120 (Bayer) is a new system that facilitates more accurate measurement of platelet volume and in addition provides an approximate measure of the mean refractive index (RI) of the platelets reported as mean platelet component (MPC) concentration. We were interested to determine whether changes in MPC might reflect changes in platelet activation status. To investigate this, the platelet CD62P expression, determined by flow cytometry, and change in MPC, measured on the ADVIA 120 system, was first examined in vitro after stimulation of EDTA anticoagulated whole blood with submaximal concentrations of bovine thrombin in the presence or absence of the thromboxane synthase inhibitor, Ridogrel. Thrombin produced a dose-dependent increase in platelet CD62P expression and a decrease in MPC that could be inhibited by Ridogrel at physiological concentrations. In the second set of experiments, blood from 20 normal controls was collected into both EDTA and sodium citrate (SC) anticoagulants. Within 30 min of venesection and again at 3 h post-venesection after storage at room temperature, the platelet MPC and CD62P expression were determined. Platelets in all samples with both anticoagulants showed very low levels of CD62P expression when first analysed. At 3 h there was a small increase in CD62P expression on platelets in whole blood anticoagulated with SC, but a significant (P < 0.001) increase was observed on platelets anti-coagulated with EDTA. A negative correlation was found between the change in MPC of the platelets and the increase in the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) (r = -0.69, P < 0.001, n = 20) and the percentage (r = -0.72, P < 0.001, n = 20) of CD62P positive platelets at 3 h in blood anticoagulated with EDTA. We conclude that a reduction in MPC as measured by the ADVIA 120 may be used to detect anticoagulant induced, as well as thrombin stimulated, in vitro platelet activation in blood anticoagulated with EDTA. Further, we conclude that platelet activation is negligible for up to 3 h in sodium citrate anticoagulated whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Macey
- Department of Haematology, The Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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Macey M, Carty E, Webb L, Chapman E, Zelmanovic D, Okrongly D, Rampton D, Newland A. Use of mean platelet component to measure platelet activation on the ADVIA 120 haematology system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0320(19991015)38:5<250::aid-cyto8>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Badger AM, Handler JA, Genell CA, Herzyk D, Gore E, Polsky R, Webb L, Bugelski PJ. Atiprimod (SK&F 106615), a novel macrophage targeting agent, enhances alveolar macrophage candidacidal activity and is not immunosuppressive in Candida-infected mice. Int J Immunopharmacol 1999; 21:161-76. [PMID: 10348366 DOI: 10.1016/s0192-0561(98)00076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Azaspiranes are novel macrophage-targeting agents with activity in preclinical animal models of autoimmune disease and transplantation. The purpose of this work was to determine the effects of atiprimod (SK&F 106615), an azaspirane being developed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, on rat pulmonary alveolar macrophage (AM) function and immunocompetance in Candida-infected mice. AM from rats treated with 20 mg/kg/day of atiprimod for 15 days demonstrated enhanced killing of Candida albicans ex vivo. Concentration-dependent increases in candidacidal activity were also observed as early as one hour after exposure in vitro in AM from untreated normal rats. Treatment of AM with atiprimod in vitro did not increase particulate-stimulated superoxide production or phagocytosis of Candida but decreased their ability to concentrate acridine orange, indicating an increase in lysosomal pH. Increased candidacidal activity was inhibited by superoxide dismutase and catalase, suggesting a role for reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI). Atiprimod also increased free radical-mediated killing of Candida in the presence of H2O2, iron and iodide in a cell-free system. These findings indicated that treatment with atiprimod increased the candidacidal activity of rat AM in a free radical-dependent manner. The data also suggested that atiprimod did not increase ROI production by AM, but rather increased the efficiency of radical-mediated killing. This increase may be caused by cyclization of atiprimod, facilitating electron transfer and peroxidation of lipid membranes. In vivo studies in Candida-infected CBA mice showed that atiprimod (10 mg/kg/day), did not compromise immune function in the infected mice and could be differentiated from prototypical immunosuppressive compounds used for treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Badger
- Department of Bone and Cartilage Biology, Smith Kline Beecham Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, King of Prussia, PA 19406-0939, USA
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Drougas JG, Anthony LB, Blair TK, Lopez RR, Wright JK, Chapman WC, Webb L, Mazer M, Meranze S, Pinson CW. Hepatic artery chemoembolization for management of patients with advanced metastatic carcinoid tumors. Am J Surg 1998; 175:408-12. [PMID: 9600289 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9610(98)00042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced metastatic carcinoid tumors who have disease progression despite conventional therapy are left with few therapeutic options. Hepatic artery chemoembolization (HACE) may play a role in palliating these patients' symptoms. METHODS Fifteen patients with biopsy-proven advanced bilobar hepatic carcinoid metastases who demonstrated progression of symptoms and/or tumor size despite treatment with somatostatin analogues were treated with intra-arterial chemotherapy and HACE to determine efficacy and safety. Five days of intra-arterial 5-fluorouracil (1 g/m2) were followed by HACE with adriamycin (60 mg), cisplatin (100 mg), mitomycin C (30 mg), and polyvinyl alcohol (Ivalon); 200 micron to 710 micron). Patients were continued on octreotide at the same dose (150 to 2000 microg subcutaneous q 8 hours) before, during, and after the procedure. RESULTS Efficacy of treatment was assessed by comparing pretreatment and 3-month clinical, laboratory, radiographic, and quality of life parameters. Symptoms were improved in 8 of 12 patients who had diarrhea, 7 of 12 who had flushing, 9 of 12 who had abdominal pain, and in 4 of 7 who had malaise. Elevated tumor markers decreased in all patients. Biochemical markers (mean +/- SE) at 3 months decreased by 60% +/- 6% for 5-HIAA, 75% +/- 10% for chromogranin A and 50% +/- 7% for neuron-specific enolase. Tomographic assessment revealed tumor liquefaction in 10 of 13 patients. The Karnofsky performance status improved from a mean of 66 +/- 2 to 84 +/- 2 (P <0.001). Median follow-up was 16 months, with 13 deaths occurring from 1 week to 71 months after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic artery chemoembolization improves symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, has a high tumor response rate, and improves short-term quality of life in this group of patients with advanced hepatic carcinoid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Drougas
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-4753, USA
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Peddicord TE, Olsen KM, ZumBrunnen TL, Warner DJ, Webb L. Stability of high-concentration dopamine hydrochloride, norepinephrine bitartrate, epinephrine hydrochloride, and nitroglycerin in 5% dextrose injection. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1997; 54:1417-9. [PMID: 9194988 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/54.12.1417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T E Peddicord
- College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-6045, USA
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Abstract
Ear piercing is a brief, standard, painful stimulus which is submitted to voluntarily, offering a unique opportunity for research on children's anticipation of pain in a naturalistic context. Self-ratings on visual analogue scales of fear, predicted pain, and experienced pain were collected, as each ear was pierced in turn, from 32 girls aged 5-11 yr. Of these, 69% underpredicted their pain on the first ear. These underpredictors of pain on the first ear expected and reported significantly greater pain when the second ear was pierced than did overpredictors or children who accurately predicted the pain for the first ear. Fear scores taken before the first ear was pierced did not significantly predict pain for the second ear. Younger children made less accurate predictions and were more likely to use the extremes of the scale. The results, which are consistent with those of previous studies of prediction of pain and anxiety, have implications for preparation of children for brief procedural pain: they support recommendations to encourage children to expect realistic rather than minimal amounts of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L von Baeyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Anderson K, Patel KR, Webb L, Dutton GN. Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Br J Ophthalmol 1996; 80:186. [PMID: 8814755 PMCID: PMC505416 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.80.2.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Soeder CJ, Papaderos A, Kleespies M, Kneifel H, Haegel FH, Webb L. Influence of phytogenic surfactants (quillaya saponin and soya lecithin) on bio-elimination of phenanthrene and fluoranthene by three bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1996; 44:654-9. [PMID: 8703434 DOI: 10.1007/bf00172499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The influence of two phytogenic surfactants on the elimination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was studied in shaken-batch cultures of three soil bacteria under axenic conditions. At sufficiently high concentrations, quillaya saponin and soybean lecithin solubilized phenanthrene or fluoranthene efficiently. However, complete solubilization of the PAH by lecithin only doubled the maximal rate of elimination of the two PAH compounds by Pseudomonas 0259, strain MKm (Rhizomonas ?) and Mycobacterium EMI 2. By contrast, quillaya saponin did not improve PAH bioavailability, and in strain MKm it caused significant growth lags above 2.5 g/l. Simultaneously with the elimination of the PAH the bacteria utilized the surfactants as substrates for growth. Intermediate formation of PAH metabolites was noted. The results suggest that some phytogenic surfactants might improve PAH bioavailability in rhizospheres.
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Becker YT, Raiford DS, Webb L, Wright JK, Chapman WC, Pinson CW. Rupture and hemorrhage of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia. Am Surg 1995; 61:210-4. [PMID: 7887531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) are both benign liver lesions, adenomas are associated with a risk of rupture and malignant degeneration. This had led to the general recommendation of resection of adenomas. However, FNH rarely ruptures or becomes malignant, and a nonoperative approach has been adopted by most hepatobiliary centers when the diagnosis of FNH can be made with reasonable certainty. There are only two previous reports of rupture of FNH in the English literature; we present a third case of FNH with spontaneous rupture and hemorrhage. An 18-year-old healthy Caucasian woman presented with sudden onset of severe RUQ pain. She had never been pregnant, nor used oral contraceptive agents, and had not sustained major trauma. Her abdominal exam revealed RUQ tenderness on palpation. Hepatic biochemical tests, CBC, and coagulation tests were normal. Her hematocrit of 44% fell to 31% over 48 hours. CT scan revealed right anterior lobe and left medial segment hypodense liver lesions (4-5 cm) as well as hemoperitoneum and angiography revealed hypervascular lesions. At laparotomy, two tan fibrous subcapsular masses were excised. Pathology showed a central stellate scar in both lesions with several nodules surrounding the central scar on microscopic section, characteristic of FNH. There was evidence of hemorrhage in one lesion. Significant symptoms are an indication for resection of FNH lesions. However, most patients with FNH are asymptomatic and have a normal physical exam. The natural history of these lesions is enigmatic, and the indications for surgery are still evolving. This report emphasizes that a small risk of rupture clearly exists.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Becker
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-4753
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Abstract
The microbial quality, pH and presence of selected pathogens in milk at eight collection centers in Trinidad were determined. The enterotoxigenicity and susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains to antimicrobial agents and bacteriophages were investigated while the antibiograms and ability of Escherichia coli isolates to agglutinate O157 antiserum were also assessed. Of the 287 milk samples tested, the mean pH was 6.80 ± 0.10 and 207 (72.1%) were California mastitis test (CMT) positive. All (100.0%) milk samples contained S. aureus , and 217 (75.6%) were positive for E. coli . The ranges of mean counts per ml for total aerobic bacteria, S. aureus and E. coli were 3.3 ¥ 106 to 9.8 ¥ 107, 1.4 ¥ 104 to 1.2 ¥ 105 and 4.2 ¥ 104 to 1.6 ¥ 106, respectively. Ninety-three (40.4%) of 230 strains of S. aureus tested were enterotoxigenic producing staphylococcal enterotoxins A, B, C, D or a combination with SEC being predominantly elaborated. Of the 245 strains of S. aureus phage-typed, 123 (50.2%) were susceptible to international phage set (IPS) of bacteriophages. Overall, 49 (49.0%) of 100 strains of S. aureus tested were resistant to 1 or more of the 8 antimicrobial agents with resistance high to penicillin (48.0%), ampicillin (45.0%) and methicillin (21.0%). Among 100 strains of E. coli tested, 98 (98.0%) exhibited resistance to antimicrobial agents with high prevalence of resistance detected for cephalothin (79.0%), ampicillin (73.0%) and streptomycin (47.0%). Thirteen (6.9%) of 188 strains of E. coli agglutinated with O157 antiserum. It was concluded that the presence of some pathogens in milk in fairly high counts coupled with toxigenicity of some strains pose a health hazard to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Adesiyun
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies
| | - L Webb
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies
| | - S Rahaman
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies
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Webb L, Morris N. Mental health. Wilson's model of family caregiving. Nurs Stand 1994; 8:27-30. [PMID: 8312186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The stresses and burdens imposed upon the carers of relatives with Alzheimer's disease are well understood, but effective strategies to enable health professionals to assess the effects of these stressors appropriately have not been widely utilised. The authors describe one such approach and through the use of short case histories demonstrate how it can be used to represent the carer's perspective accurately.
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