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Botta FP, Rocha LA, de Souza VDGP, Dos Reis PP, Lima EDO, Ferrasi AC, Fernandes AY, Zanini MA, Hamamoto Filho PT. Survival in patients undergoing surgical resection for brain metastasis from lung cancer and utility of different prognostic scales. Neurosurg Rev 2023; 46:184. [PMID: 37493965 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-02092-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastases (BM) from lung cancer are among the most common intracranial tumors. Several studies have published scales to estimate the survival of patients with BM. Routine access to molecular diagnostics and modern oncologic treatments, including targeted therapy and immunotherapy, is limited in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); therefore, incorporating them into recent prognostic scales may diminish the reliability of the scales in LMICs. This retrospective study aimed to determine the survival of 55 patients who were surgically treated for BM from lung cancer at a Brazilian public tertiary teaching hospital between 2012 and 2022. We determined clinical factors associated with survival, and compared observed survival rates with the estimated survival on prognostic scales. The mean overall survival (OS) was 9.3 months (range:0.2-76.5). At univariate analysis, female sex and improved postoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score were associated with longer survival. The median survival did not differ between groups when classified using the Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA)-2008, Lung-molecular GPA-2017, and Lung-GPA-2021 scales. According to the Diagnosis-Specific (DS)-GPA-2012 scale, there was a significant difference between the groups. In the multivariate Cox regression survival analysis, a higher DS-GPA-2012 and improved postoperative KPS score remained significantly associated with longer survival. In conclusion, this cohort showed a mean OS of < 1 year. Improved KPS score after surgery was associated with increased survival. This cohort DS-GPA scale demonstrated the highest concordance with observed survival, indicating its potential as a valuable tool for patient stratification in surgical treatment decision-making in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Pires Botta
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, UNESP - São Paulo State University. Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patrícia Pintor Dos Reis
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, UNESP - São Paulo State University. Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Estela de Oliveira Lima
- Department of Internal Medicine, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Adriana Camargo Ferrasi
- Department of Internal Medicine, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Adriano Yacubian Fernandes
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, UNESP - São Paulo State University. Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Zanini
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, UNESP - São Paulo State University. Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Pedro Tadao Hamamoto Filho
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, UNESP - São Paulo State University. Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Costa AI, Gemini-Piperni S, Alves AC, Costa NA, Checca NR, Leite PE, Rocha LA, Pinto AMP, Toptan F, Rossi AL, Ribeiro AR. TiO 2 bioactive implant surfaces doped with specific amount of Sr modulate mineralization. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 120:111735. [PMID: 33545878 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
One of the main problems that remain in the implant industry is poor osseointegration due to bioinertness of implants. In order to promote bioactivity, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and strontium (Sr) were incorporated into a TiO2 porous layer produced by micro-arc oxidation. Ca and P as bioactive elements are already well reported in the literature, however, the knowledge of the effect of Sr is still limited. In the present work, the effect of various amounts of Sr was evaluated and the morphology, chemical composition and crystal structure of the oxide layer were investigated. Furthermore, in vitro studies were carried out using human osteoblast-like cells. The oxide layer formed showed a triplex structure, where higher incorporation of Sr increased Ca/P ratio, amount of rutile and promoted the formation of SrTiO3 compound. Biological tests revealed that lower concentrations of Sr did not compromise initial cell adhesion neither viability and interestingly improved mineralization. However, higher concentration of Sr (and consequent higher amount of rutile) showed to induce collagen secretion but with compromised mineralization, possibly due to a delayed mineralization process or induced precipitation of deficient hydroxyapatite. Ca-P-TiO2 porous layer with less concentration of Sr seems to be an ideal candidate for bone implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Costa
- CMEMS-UMinho - Center of MicroElectroMechanical Systems, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal; DEMM - Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - S Gemini-Piperni
- Postgraduate Program of Translational Biomedicine, University Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, Brazil; IBTN/Br - Brazilian Branch of the Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C Alves
- CMEMS-UMinho - Center of MicroElectroMechanical Systems, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - N A Costa
- IBTN/Br - Brazilian Branch of the Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N R Checca
- CBPF - Brazilian Centre for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P E Leite
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Xérem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Xérem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L A Rocha
- IBTN/Br - Brazilian Branch of the Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil; Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A M P Pinto
- CMEMS-UMinho - Center of MicroElectroMechanical Systems, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal; DEM - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - F Toptan
- CMEMS-UMinho - Center of MicroElectroMechanical Systems, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal; IBTN/Br - Brazilian Branch of the Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A L Rossi
- CBPF - Brazilian Centre for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A R Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program of Translational Biomedicine, University Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, Brazil; IBTN/Br - Brazilian Branch of the Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Xérem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Hamamoto Filho PT, Gonçalves LB, Koetz NF, Silvestrin AML, Alves Júnior AC, Rocha LA, Módolo GP, de Avila MAG, Martin LC, Neugebauer H, Zanini MA, Bazan R. Long-term follow-up of patients undergoing decompressive hemicraniectomy for malignant stroke: Quality of life and caregiver's burden in a real-world setting. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 197:106168. [PMID: 32861040 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Decompressive hemicraniectomy is a life-saving procedure for the treatment of space-occupying middle cerebral artery infarctions (malignant stroke); however, patients may survive severely disabled. Comprehensive data on long-term sequelae outside randomized controlled trials are scarce. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the survival rates, quality of life, ability to perform activities of daily living, and caregiver burden of 61 patients (aged from 37 to 83) who had previously undergone decompressive hemicraniectomy for malignant stroke between 2012 and 2017. RESULTS The mortality rate was higher among patients older than 60 years than among younger patients (71.0 % vs 36.7 %, p = 0.007; odds ratio 4.222, 95 % confidence interval 1.443-12.355). The mean survival time was 37.9 ± 6.0 months for 19 survivors of the younger group and 22.6 ± 5.7 months for 9 survivors of the older group. Among the 28 surviving patients, 22 (78.6 %) were interviewed, and we found that age was a determining factor for functional outcome (Barthel indices of 65.7 ± 10.6 for younger patients vs 48.0 ± 9.3 for older patients, p < 0.001), but not for quality of life. The caregiver burden was significantly correlated (R = -0.53, p < 0.01) with the severity of disability and age (R = 0.544, p = 0.011) of the patients. CONCLUSION Our findings show that the degree of impairment, as well as caregiver burden, is higher in patients older than 60 years than in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Tadao Hamamoto Filho
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Braz Gonçalves
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Brazil
| | - Nicholas Falcomer Koetz
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Brazil
| | | | - Aderaldo Costa Alves Júnior
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Brazil
| | - Lilian Aline Rocha
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Pinheiro Módolo
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Brazil
| | | | - Luis Cuadrado Martin
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Antônio Zanini
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Bazan
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Pinheiro
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - C S Moreau
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - M Daly
- Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
| | - L A Rocha
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
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Sanches PL, Souza W, Gemini-Piperni S, Rossi AL, Scapin S, Midlej V, Sade Y, Leme AFP, Benchimol M, Rocha LA, Carias RBV, Borojevic R, Granjeiro JM, Ribeiro AR. Rutile nano-bio-interactions mediate dissimilar intracellular destiny in human skin cells. Nanoscale Adv 2019; 1:2216-2228. [PMID: 36131956 PMCID: PMC9418931 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00078j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in the healthcare market is growing exponentially, due to their unique physicochemical properties. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are used in the formulation of sunscreens, due to their photoprotective capacity, but interactions of these particles with skin cells on the nanoscale are still unexplored. In the present study we aimed to determine whether the initial nano-biological interactions, namely the formation of a nano-bio-complex (other than the protein corona), can predict rutile internalization and intracellular trafficking in primary human fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Results showed no significant effect of NPs on fibroblast and keratinocyte viability, but cell proliferation was possibly compromised due to nano-bio-interactions. The bio-complex formation is dependent upon the chemistry of the biological media and NPs' physicochemical properties, facilitating NP internalization and triggering autophagy in both cell types. For the first time, we observed that the intracellular traffic of NPs is different when comparing the two skin cell models, and we detected NPs within multivesicular bodies (MVBs) of keratinocytes. These structures grant selected input of molecules involved in the biogenesis of exosomes, responsible for cell communication and, potentially, structural equilibrium in human tissues. Nanoparticle-mediated alterations of exosome quality, quantity and function can be another major source of nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Sanches
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças 50 Xérem Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Biomedicine, University of Grande Rio Rua Prof. José de Souza Herdy 1160 Duque de Caxias Brazil
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN) Brazil
| | - W Souza
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças 50 Xérem Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN) Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças 50, Xérem Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - S Gemini-Piperni
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN) Brazil
- Brazilian Center for Research in Physics R. Dr. Xavier Sigaud, 150 - Urca Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A L Rossi
- Brazilian Center for Research in Physics R. Dr. Xavier Sigaud, 150 - Urca Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - S Scapin
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças 50 Xérem Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - V Midlej
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Av. Brg. Trompowski Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Y Sade
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças 50 Xérem Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A F Paes Leme
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, CNPEM R. Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10000 - Polo II de Alta Tecnologia de Campinas - Campinas/SP, Brasil Bosque das Palmeiras, Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - M Benchimol
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Biomedicine, University of Grande Rio Rua Prof. José de Souza Herdy 1160 Duque de Caxias Brazil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Av. Brg. Trompowski Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - L A Rocha
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN) Brazil
- Physics Department, University Estadual Paulista Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, Bauru São Paulo Brazil
| | - R B V Carias
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, FASE Av. Barão do Rio Branco 1003 Petrópolis RJ Brazil
| | - R Borojevic
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, FASE Av. Barão do Rio Branco 1003 Petrópolis RJ Brazil
| | - J M Granjeiro
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças 50 Xérem Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Biomedicine, University of Grande Rio Rua Prof. José de Souza Herdy 1160 Duque de Caxias Brazil
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN) Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças 50, Xérem Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Dental School, Fluminense Federal University R. Miguel de Frias, 9 - Icaraí Niterói Brazil
| | - A R Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Biomedicine, University of Grande Rio Rua Prof. José de Souza Herdy 1160 Duque de Caxias Brazil
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN) Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças 50, Xérem Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Anderson AB, Salas EM, Rocha LA, Floeter SR. The recent colonization of south Brazil by the Azores chromis Chromis limbata. J Fish Biol 2017; 91:558-573. [PMID: 28703291 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The damselfish Chromis limbata is native to the Macaronesian Archipelagos (Azores, Madeira and Canaries) and the western coast of Africa between Senegal and Angola. During the austral summers of 2008 and 2009 the species was recorded for the first time in the south-western Atlantic Ocean around Campeche and Xavier Islands, in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Here, the progression of C. limbata in southern Brazilian waters is described using visual counts and genetic surveys and changes in the density of the native congener Chromis multilineata were also investigated. Underwater visual censuses of both Chromis species were carried out from 2009 to 2014. Chromis limbata tissue samples were collected and the mtDNA control region was sequenced and compared with mtDNA haplotypes from the natural range to confirm species identity, compare genetic diversity and to infer connectivity between newly established Brazilian populations. The Brazilian population of C. limbata increased significantly over the past 5 years and the effect on C. multilineata is still an open question, longer time-series data will be necessary to clarify possible interactions. The molecular analyses confirmed species identity, revealed strong haplotype connectivity among Brazilian study sites and showed a low genetic diversity in Brazil when compared with the native populations, suggesting few individuals started the invasion. Four hypotheses could explain this colonizing event: C. limbata was released by aquarium fish keepers; larvae or juveniles were transported via ship ballast water; the species has rafted alongside oil rigs; they crossed the Atlantic Ocean through normal larval dispersal or naturally rafting alongside drifting objects. The rafting hypotheses are favoured, but all four possibilities are plausible and could have happened in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Anderson
- Marine Macroecology and Biogeography Lab, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88010-970, Brazil
| | - E M Salas
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, U.S.A
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
| | - L A Rocha
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
| | - S R Floeter
- Marine Macroecology and Biogeography Lab, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88010-970, Brazil
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Reis RE, Albert JS, Di Dario F, Mincarone MM, Petry P, Rocha LA. Reply to Vitule et al. (2017): Comment on 'Fish biodiversity and conservation in South America by Reis et al. (2016)'. J Fish Biol 2017; 90:1191-1195. [PMID: 27995632 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R E Reis
- PUCRS, Laboratory of Vertebrate Systematics, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - J S Albert
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70504-2451, U.S.A
| | - F Di Dario
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Grupo de Sistemática e Biologia Evolutiva, Caixa Postal 119331, 27910-970, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - M M Mincarone
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Grupo de Sistemática e Biologia Evolutiva, Caixa Postal 119331, 27910-970, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - P Petry
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, U.S.A
| | - L A Rocha
- The Nature Conservancy and Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Dr, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
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Simon T, Pinheiro HT, Moura RL, Carvalho-Filho A, Rocha LA, Martins AS, Mazzei E, Francini-Filho RB, Amado-Filho GM, Joyeux JC. Mesophotic fishes of the Abrolhos Shelf, the largest reef ecosystem in the South Atlantic. J Fish Biol 2016; 89:990-1001. [PMID: 27094882 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fishes inhabiting rhodolith beds and reefs at mesophotic depths on the Abrolhos Shelf, which encompasses the largest and richest coral reef formation in the South Atlantic Ocean, were assessed through technical diving and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). A total of 74 fish species were recorded, including at least one new species, one new record for the south-western Atlantic and six new records for the Abrolhos region. Overfishing, mining and port activities are already threatening many endangered and commercially important species recorded on the mesophotic reefs of Abrolhos Shelf, and the establishment of marine protected areas and off-reserve fisheries regulations are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Simon
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - H T Pinheiro
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, U.S.A
| | - R L Moura
- Instituto de Biologia and SAGE/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-970, Brazil
| | - A Carvalho-Filho
- Fish Bizz Ltda., Rua Moncorvo Filho 51, São Paulo, SP, 05507-060, Brazil
| | - L A Rocha
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, U.S.A
| | - A S Martins
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - E Mazzei
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - R B Francini-Filho
- Departamento de Engenharia e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rio Tinto, PB, 58109-753, Brazil
| | - G M Amado-Filho
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-030, Brazil
| | - J-C Joyeux
- Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
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Reis RE, Albert JS, Di Dario F, Mincarone MM, Petry P, Rocha LA. Fish biodiversity and conservation in South America. J Fish Biol 2016; 89:12-47. [PMID: 27312713 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The freshwater and marine fish faunas of South America are the most diverse on Earth, with current species richness estimates standing above 9100 species. In addition, over the last decade at least 100 species were described every year. There are currently about 5160 freshwater fish species, and the estimate for the freshwater fish fauna alone points to a final diversity between 8000 and 9000 species. South America also has c. 4000 species of marine fishes. The mega-diverse fish faunas of South America evolved over a period of >100 million years, with most lineages tracing origins to Gondwana and the adjacent Tethys Sea. This high diversity was in part maintained by escaping the mass extinctions and biotic turnovers associated with Cenozoic climate cooling, the formation of boreal and temperate zones at high latitudes and aridification in many places at equatorial latitudes. The fresh waters of the continent are divided into 13 basin complexes, large basins consolidated as a single unit plus historically connected adjacent coastal drainages, and smaller coastal basins grouped together on the basis of biogeographic criteria. Species diversity, endemism, noteworthy groups and state of knowledge of each basin complex are described. Marine habitats around South America, both coastal and oceanic, are also described in terms of fish diversity, endemism and state of knowledge. Because of extensive land use changes, hydroelectric damming, water divergence for irrigation, urbanization, sedimentation and overfishing 4-10% of all fish species in South America face some degree of extinction risk, mainly due to habitat loss and degradation. These figures suggest that the conservation status of South American freshwater fish faunas is better than in most other regions of the world, but the marine fishes are as threatened as elsewhere. Conserving the remarkable aquatic habitats and fishes of South America is a growing challenge in face of the rapid anthropogenic changes of the 21st century, and deserves attention from conservationists and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Reis
- PUCRS, Laboratory of Vertebrate Systematics, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - J S Albert
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70504-2451, U.S.A
| | - F Di Dario
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Grupo de Sistemática e Biologia Evolutiva, Caixa Postal 119331, 27910-970, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - M M Mincarone
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental de Macaé (NUPEM), Grupo de Sistemática e Biologia Evolutiva, Caixa Postal 119331, 27910-970, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - P Petry
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St Cambridge, MA, 02138, U.S.A
| | - L A Rocha
- Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Dr, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
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10
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Ribeiro AR, Gemini-Piperni S, Travassos R, Lemgruber L, Silva RC, Rossi AL, Farina M, Anselme K, Shokuhfar T, Shahbazian-Yassar R, Borojevic R, Rocha LA, Werckmann J, Granjeiro JM. Trojan-Like Internalization of Anatase Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles by Human Osteoblast Cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23615. [PMID: 27021687 PMCID: PMC4810327 DOI: 10.1038/srep23615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentistry and orthopedics are undergoing a revolution in order to provide more reliable, comfortable and long-lasting implants to patients. Titanium (Ti) and titanium alloys have been used in dental implants and total hip arthroplasty due to their excellent biocompatibility. However, Ti-based implants in human body suffer surface degradation (corrosion and wear) resulting in the release of metallic ions and solid wear debris (mainly titanium dioxide) leading to peri-implant inflammatory reactions. Unfortunately, our current understanding of the biological interactions with titanium dioxide nanoparticles is still very limited. Taking this into consideration, this study focuses on the internalization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on primary bone cells, exploring the events occurring at the nano-bio interface. For the first time, we report the selective binding of calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P) and proteins from cell culture medium to anatase nanoparticles that are extremely important for nanoparticle internalization and bone cells survival. In the intricate biological environment, anatase nanoparticles form bio-complexes (mixture of proteins and ions) which act as a kind of ‘Trojan-horse’ internalization by cells. Furthermore, anatase nanoparticles-induced modifications on cell behavior (viability and internalization) could be understand in detail. The results presented in this report can inspire new strategies for the use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in several regeneration therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Ribeiro
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), University Estadual Paulista, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Translational Biomedicine, University of Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - S Gemini-Piperni
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), University Estadual Paulista, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Travassos
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L Lemgruber
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Welcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - R C Silva
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A L Rossi
- Brazilian Center for Research in Physics-Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Farina
- Biomineralization laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - K Anselme
- Institut de Science des Materiaux de Mulhouse-CNRS UMR7391, Universite de Haute-Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | - T Shokuhfar
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), University Estadual Paulista, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60607, United States
| | - R Shahbazian-Yassar
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), University Estadual Paulista, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60607, United States
| | - R Borojevic
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), University Estadual Paulista, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-FASE, Petrópolis, Brasil
| | - L A Rocha
- Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), University Estadual Paulista, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.,Physics Department, University Estadual Paulista, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Werckmann
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), University Estadual Paulista, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J M Granjeiro
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Brazilian Branch of Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nanomedicine (IBTN), University Estadual Paulista, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.,Dental School, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
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11
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Gaither MR, Bernal MA, Fernandez-Silva I, Mwale M, Jones SA, Rocha C, Rocha LA. Two deep evolutionary lineages in the circumtropical glasseye Heteropriacanthus cruentatus (Teleostei, Priacanthidae) with admixture in the south-western Indian Ocean. J Fish Biol 2015; 87:715-727. [PMID: 26333139 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A phylogeographic study of the circumtropical glasseye Heteropriacanthus cruentatus was conducted. Molecular analyses indicate two mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (coI) lineages that are 10·4% divergent: one in the western Atlantic (Caribbean) and another that was detected across the Indo-Pacific. A fixed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected at a nuclear locus (S7 ribosomal protein) and is consistent with this finding. There is evidence of recent dispersal from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean with individuals of mixed lineages detected in South Africa and the Mozambique Channel. Using coalescent analyses of the mitochondrial dataset, time of divergence between lineages was estimated to be c. 15·3 million years. The deep divergence between these two lineages indicates distinct evolutionary units, however, due to the lack of morphological differences and evidence of hybridization between lineages, taxonomic revision is not suggested at this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Gaither
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - M A Bernal
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
- University of Texas Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX, 78373, U.S.A
| | - I Fernandez-Silva
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - M Mwale
- South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
- National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, P. O. Box 754, Pretoria, 001, South Africa
| | - S A Jones
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
| | - C Rocha
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
| | - L A Rocha
- California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, U.S.A
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12
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Bernal MA, Sinai NL, Rocha C, Gaither MR, Dunker F, Rocha LA. Long-term sperm storage in the brownbanded bamboo shark Chiloscyllium punctatum. J Fish Biol 2015; 86:1171-1176. [PMID: 25545440 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the birth of a brownbanded bamboo shark Chiloscyllium punctatum at the Steinhart Aquarium. Genetic analyses suggest this is the longest documented case of sperm storage for any species of shark (45 months).
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Bernal
- University of Texas Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Dr, Port Aransas, TX 78373, U.S.A; California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Dr, San Francisco, CA 94118, U.S.A
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13
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Runa MJ, Mathew MT, Fernandes MH, Rocha LA. First insight on the impact of an osteoblastic layer on the bio-tribocorrosion performance of Ti6Al4V hip implants. Acta Biomater 2015; 12:341-351. [PMID: 25448346 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In uncemented Ti6Al4V hip implants, the bone-stem interface is subjected to cyclic loading motion driven by the daily activities of the patients, which may lead to the complete failure of the implant in the long term. It may also compromise the proliferation and differentiation processes of osteoblastic cells (bone-forming cells). The main objective of this work is to approach for the first time the role of these organic materials on the bio-tribocorrosion mechanisms of cultured Ti6Al4V alloys. The colonized materials with MG63 osteoblastic-like cells were characterized through cell viability/proliferation and enzymatic activity. Tribocorrosion tests were performed under a reciprocating sliding configuration and low contact pressure. Electrochemical techniques were used to measure the corrosion kinetics of the system, under free potential conditions. All tests were performed at a controlled atmosphere. The morphology and topography of the wear scar were evaluated. The results showed that the presence of an osteoblastic cell layer on the implant surface significantly influences the tribocorrosion behavior of Ti6Al4V alloy. It was concluded that the cellular material was able to form an extra protective layer that inhibits further wear degradation of the alloy and decreases its corrosion tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Runa
- Center for Mechanical and Materials Technologies (CT2M), Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Azurem, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nano-Medicine (IBTN), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - M T Mathew
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nano-Medicine (IBTN), Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - M H Fernandes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculdade de Medicina Dentaria, Universidade do Porto (FMDUP), 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - L A Rocha
- Center for Mechanical and Materials Technologies (CT2M), Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Azurem, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal; Institute of Biomaterials, Tribocorrosion and Nano-Medicine (IBTN), Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Faculdade de Ciências de Bauru, UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 17033-360 Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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14
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Felgueiras HP, Castanheira L, Changotade S, Poirier F, Oughlis S, Henriques M, Chakar C, Naaman N, Younes R, Migonney V, Celis JP, Ponthiaux P, Rocha LA, Lutomski D. Biotribocorrosion (tribo-electrochemical) characterization of anodized titanium biomaterial containing calcium and phosphorus before and after osteoblastic cell culture. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 103:661-9. [PMID: 24989830 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the osteoblastic cells behavior and biotribocorrosion phenomena on bioactive titanium (Ti). Ti substrates submitted to bioactive anodic oxidation and etching treatments were cultured up to 28 days with MG63 osteoblast-like cells. Important parameters of in vitro bone-like tissue formation were assessed. Although no major differences were observed between the surfaces topography (both rough) and wettability (both hydrophobic), a significant increase in cell attachment and differentiation was detected on the anodized substrates as product of favorable surface morphology and chemical composition. Alkaline phosphatase production has increased (≈20 nmol/min/mg of protein) on the anodized materials, while phosphate concentration has reached the double of the etched material and calcium production increased (over 20 µg/mL). The mechanical and biological stability of the anodic surfaces were also put to test through biotribocorrosion sliding solicitations, putting in evidence the resistance of the anodic layer and the cells capacity of regeneration after implant degradation. The Ti osteointegration abilities were also confirmed by the development of strong cell-biomaterial bonds at the interface, on both substrates. By combining the biological and mechanical results, the anodized Ti can be considered a viable option for dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Felgueiras
- Université Paris 13 Sorbonne Paris Cité, CSPBAT UMR CNRS 7244, Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Polymères de Spécialité LBPS, UFR SMBH, 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, Paris, France; University of Minho, CT2M, Centre for Mechanical and Materials Technologies, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal
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15
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Rocha LA, Aleixo A, Allen G, Almeda F, Baldwin CC, Barclay MVL, Bates JM, Bauer AM, Benzoni F, Berns CM, Berumen ML, Blackburn DC, Blum S, Bolaños F, Bowie RCK, Britz R, Brown RM, Cadena CD, Carpenter K, Ceríaco LM, Chakrabarty P, Chaves G, Choat JH, Clements KD, Collette BB, Collins A, Coyne J, Cracraft J, Daniel T, de Carvalho MR, de Queiroz K, Di Dario F, Drewes R, Dumbacher JP, Engilis A, Erdmann MV, Eschmeyer W, Feldman CR, Fisher BL, Fjeldså J, Fritsch PW, Fuchs J, Getahun A, Gill A, Gomon M, Gosliner T, Graves GR, Griswold CE, Guralnick R, Hartel K, Helgen KM, Ho H, Iskandar DT, Iwamoto T, Jaafar Z, James HF, Johnson D, Kavanaugh D, Knowlton N, Lacey E, Larson HK, Last P, Leis JM, Lessios H, Liebherr J, Lowman M, Mahler DL, Mamonekene V, Matsuura K, Mayer GC, Mays H, McCosker J, McDiarmid RW, McGuire J, Miller MJ, Mooi R, Mooi RD, Moritz C, Myers P, Nachman MW, Nussbaum RA, Foighil DÓ, Parenti LR, Parham JF, Paul E, Paulay G, Pérez-Emán J, Pérez-Matus A, Poe S, Pogonoski J, Rabosky DL, Randall JE, Reimer JD, Robertson DR, Rödel MO, Rodrigues MT, Roopnarine P, Rüber L, Ryan MJ, Sheldon F, Shinohara G, Short A, Simison WB, Smith-Vaniz WF, Springer VG, Stiassny M, Tello JG, Thompson CW, Trnski T, Tucker P, Valqui T, Vecchione M, Verheyen E, Wainwright PC, Wheeler TA, White WT, Will K, Williams JT, Williams G, Wilson EO, Winker K, Winterbottom R, Witt CC. Specimen collection: an essential tool. Science 2014; 344:814-5. [PMID: 24855245 DOI: 10.1126/science.344.6186.814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L A Rocha
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
| | - A Aleixo
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA, 66040-170, Brazil
| | - G Allen
- Western Australian Museum, Perth, WA, 6986, Australia
| | - F Almeda
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - C C Baldwin
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | | | - J M Bates
- Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - A M Bauer
- Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
| | - F Benzoni
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
| | | | - M L Berumen
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - D C Blackburn
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - S Blum
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - F Bolaños
- Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - R C K Bowie
- University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3161, USA
| | - R Britz
- Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - R M Brown
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - C D Cadena
- Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, 4976, Colombia
| | - K Carpenter
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - L M Ceríaco
- Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Lisbon, 7005-638, Portugal
| | - P Chakrabarty
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - G Chaves
- Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - J H Choat
- James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Australia
| | - K D Clements
- University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - B B Collette
- NOAA Systematics Laboratory, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| | - A Collins
- NOAA Systematics Laboratory, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| | - J Coyne
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - J Cracraft
- American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - T Daniel
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | | | - K de Queiroz
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - F Di Dario
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, RJ, 27965-045, Brazil
| | - R Drewes
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - J P Dumbacher
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - A Engilis
- University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - M V Erdmann
- Conservation International, Denpasar, Bali, 80235, Indonesia
| | - W Eschmeyer
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - C R Feldman
- University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0314, USA
| | - B L Fisher
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - J Fjeldså
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - P W Fritsch
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - J Fuchs
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 75005, France
| | - A Getahun
- Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, 1176, Ethiopia
| | - A Gill
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - M Gomon
- Museum Victoria, Melbourne, 3001, VIC, Australia
| | - T Gosliner
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - G R Graves
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - C E Griswold
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - R Guralnick
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0334, USA
| | - K Hartel
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - K M Helgen
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - H Ho
- University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - D T Iskandar
- Conservation International, Denpasar, Bali, 80235, Indonesia
| | - T Iwamoto
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Z Jaafar
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA. National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - H F James
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - D Johnson
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - D Kavanaugh
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - N Knowlton
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - E Lacey
- University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3161, USA
| | - H K Larson
- Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, 0820, NT, Australia
| | - P Last
- CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - J M Leis
- Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - H Lessios
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, 0843-03092, Panamá
| | - J Liebherr
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - M Lowman
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - D L Mahler
- University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - V Mamonekene
- Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, B.P. 69, Republic of Congo
| | - K Matsuura
- National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, 305-0005, Japan
| | - G C Mayer
- University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI 53141-2000, USA
| | - H Mays
- Cincinnati Museum Center, Cincinnati, OH 45203, USA
| | - J McCosker
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | | | - J McGuire
- University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3161, USA
| | - M J Miller
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, 0843-03092, Panamá
| | - R Mooi
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - R D Mooi
- The Manitoba Museum, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 0N2, Canada
| | - C Moritz
- Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia
| | - P Myers
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079, USA
| | - M W Nachman
- University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3161, USA
| | - R A Nussbaum
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079, USA
| | - D Ó Foighil
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079, USA
| | - L R Parenti
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - J F Parham
- California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
| | - E Paul
- The Ornithological Council, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - G Paulay
- University of Florida, Gainesville, fl32611, USA
| | - J Pérez-Emán
- Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, 1041, Venezuela
| | - A Pérez-Matus
- Pontif cia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile
| | - S Poe
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - J Pogonoski
- CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - D L Rabosky
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079, USA
| | - J E Randall
- Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI 96817, USA
| | - J D Reimer
- University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, 903-0213, Japan
| | - D R Robertson
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, 0843-03092, Panamá
| | - M-O Rödel
- Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, 10115, Germany
| | - M T Rodrigues
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - P Roopnarine
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - L Rüber
- Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Bern, CH-3005, Switzerland
| | - M J Ryan
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - F Sheldon
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - G Shinohara
- National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, 305-0005, Japan
| | - A Short
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - W B Simison
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | | | - V G Springer
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - M Stiassny
- American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
| | - J G Tello
- American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA. Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201-8423, USA
| | - C W Thompson
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079, USA
| | - T Trnski
- Auckland Museum, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - P Tucker
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079, USA
| | - T Valqui
- Centro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad, Lima, 33, Peru
| | - M Vecchione
- NOAA Systematics Laboratory, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| | - E Verheyen
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, 1000, Belgium
| | | | - T A Wheeler
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - W T White
- CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - K Will
- University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3161, USA
| | - J T Williams
- Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA
| | - G Williams
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - E O Wilson
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - K Winker
- University of Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | | | - C C Witt
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
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16
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Sepúlveda AT, Guzman de Villoria R, Viana JC, Pontes AJ, Wardle BL, Rocha LA. Full elastic constitutive relation of non-isotropic aligned-CNT/PDMS flexible nanocomposites. Nanoscale 2013; 5:4847-4854. [PMID: 23616092 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00753g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The elastic response of vertically aligned-carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane (A-CNT/PDMS) nanocomposites is presented in this study and related to the underlying aligned-CNT morphology. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at 1% Vf are embedded in a flexible substrate of PDMS to create a flexible polymer nanocomposite (PNC). The PNC properties are evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and tensile mechanical tests, and the full linearly elastic constitutive relation is established for such a PNC. The results suggest that the CNTs retain the alignment after wetting and curing of PDMS. PDMS is significantly modified by the reinforcing aligned-CNT fibers, demonstrating non-isotropic (as opposed to the isotropic neat PDMS) elastic properties all different from PDMS (Young's modulus of 0.8 MPa), including an anisotropy ratio of 4.8 and increases in the modulus of A-CNT/PDMS over PDMS by more than 900% and 100%, in the CNT longitudinal and transverse directions, respectively. This study reports the first full constitutive relation that may be useful in modeling PNCs as composites or as elements of hierarchical nanoengineered composites, particularly PDMS-CNT PNCs are envisioned as elements in biomedical devices such as pressure transducers and energy harvesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Sepúlveda
- Institute for Polymers and Composites/I3N, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
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Sepúlveda AT, Pontes AJ, Viana JC, de Villoria RG, Fachin F, Wardle BL, Rocha LA. Flexible sensor for blood pressure measurement. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2011:512-5. [PMID: 22254360 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2011.6090092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A new approach for the design and fabrication of a highly flexible blood pressure sensor is introduced in this paper. The goal is to measure the pressure within an aneurysm sac for post-endovascular aneurysms repair (EVAR) surveillance. Biocompatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes with embedded aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used to build the conductive elements of the pressure sensitive capacitor and the inductor for telemetry. Inductive coupling will be used to measure the internal capacitive variations. Fabricated test sensors validate the approach and demonstrate that CNTs/PDMS technology can be used to build highly flexible pressure sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Sepúlveda
- Institute for Polymers and Nanocomposites/I3N, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
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Mathew MT, Runa MJ, Laurent M, Jacobs JJ, Rocha LA, Wimmer MA. Tribocorrosion behavior of CoCrMo alloy for hip prosthesis as a function of loads: a comparison between two testing systems. Wear 2011; 271:1210-1219. [PMID: 21921971 PMCID: PMC3171172 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2011.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Metal-on-metal (MOM) hip prosthesis bearings have enjoyed renewed popularity, but concerns remain with wear debris and metal ion release causing a negative response in the surrounding tissues. Further understanding into the wear and corrosion mechanisms occurring in MOM hips is therefore essential.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tribocorrosion behaviour, or interplay between corrosion and wear, of a low-carbon CoCrMo alloy as a function of loading. The tribocorrosion tests were performed using two tribometer configurations. In the first configuration, "System A", a linearly reciprocating alumina ball slid against the flat metal immersed in a phosphate buffer solution (PBS). In the second configuration, "System B", the flat end of a cylindrical metal pin was pressed against an alumina ball that oscillated rotationally, using bovine calf serum (BCS) as the lubricant and electrolyte. System B was custom-built to emulate in vivo conditions. The tribocorrosion tests were performed under potentiostatic conditions at -0.345V, with a sliding duration of 1800 seconds and a frequency of 1Hz. In System A the applied loads were 0.05, 0.5, and 1N (138, 296 and 373MPa, respectively) and in System B were 16, 32, and 64N (474, 597, and 752MPa, respectively). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization resistance were estimated. The total mass loss (K(wc)) in the CoCrMo was determined. The mass loss due to wear (K(w)) and that due to corrosion (K(c)) were determined. The dominant wear regime for the CoCrMo alloy subjected to sliding changes from wear-corrosion to mechanical wear as the contact stress increases. An attempt was made to compare both system, in their tribochemical responses and formulate some insights in the total degradation processes. Our results also suggest that the proteins in the serum lubricant assist in the generation of a protective layer against corrosion during sliding. The study highlights the need of adequate methodology/guidelines to compare the results from different test systems and translating in solving the practical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Mathew
- Section of Tribology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 60612 Chicago, IL, USA
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Souza JCM, Henriques M, Oliveira R, Teughels W, Celis JP, Rocha LA. Do oral biofilms influence the wear and corrosion behavior of titanium? Biofouling 2010; 26:471-8. [PMID: 20383799 DOI: 10.1080/08927011003767985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this work was to study the simultaneous wear-corrosion of titanium (Ti) in the presence of biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Both organisms were separately grown in specific growth media, and then mixed in a medium supplemented with a high sucrose concentration. Corrosion and tribocorrosion tests were performed after 48 h and 216 h of biofilm growth. Electrochemical corrosion tests indicated a decrease in the corrosion resistance of Ti in the presence of the biofilms although the TiO(2) film presented the characteristics of a compact oxide film. While the open circuit potential of Ti indicated a tendency to corrosion in the presence of the biofilms, tribocorrosion tests revealed a low friction on biofilm covered Ti. The properties of the biofilms were similar to those of the lubricant agents used to decrease the wear rate of materials. However, the pH-lowering promoted by microbial species, can lead to corrosion of Ti-based oral rehabilitation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C M Souza
- Centre for Mechanical and Materials Technologies (CT2M), Universidade do Minho, Guimaraes, Portugal
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Rocha LA, Caiut JMA, Messaddeq Y, Ribeiro SJL, Martines MAU, Freiria JDC, Dexpert-Ghys J, Verelst M. Non-leachable highly luminescent ordered mesoporous SiO2 spherical particles. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:155603. [PMID: 20332559 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/15/155603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ordered mesoporous highly luminescent SiO2 particles have been synthesized by spray pyrolysis from solutions containing tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and either cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) or the block copolymer Pluronic F-68 as structure-directing agents. Rhodamine B (RhB)-containing samples were prepared by using a simple wet impregnation method followed by the growing of a second silica shell in order to prevent leaching of the dye. The obtained materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and photoluminescence (PL). Powders with polydisperse spherical grains were obtained displaying an ordered hexagonal array of mesochannels. Luminescence results reveal that RhB molecules have been successfully encapsulated into the channels of mesoporous particles as monomeric species and that a well-defined silica coating hindered dye leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Rocha
- Institute of Chemistry, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, CP 355, Araraquara-SP, 14801-970, Brazil
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Rocha LA, Vargas PA, Silva LFF, Leon JE, Santos AB, Hiemstra PS, Mauad T. Expression of secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor in the submandibular glands of AIDS patients. Oral Dis 2008; 14:82-8. [PMID: 18173453 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2006.01358.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) is an endogenous proteinase inhibitor present in mucosal secretions. It also displays antimicrobial activity including anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity. This protease inhibitor is also expressed in submandibular glands (SMG), but there are few data on its expression in AIDS patients with infectious conditions. METHODS We analyzed the expression of SLPI using immunohistochemistry in submandibular gland samples of 36 AIDS patients [10 with normal histology, 10 with chronic nonspecific sialadenitis, eight with mycobacteriosis, and eight with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection] and 10 HIV-negative controls. The proteinase inhibitor was quantified using image analysis and expressed as % of positively stained area. RESULTS There was a higher expression of SLPI in AIDS patients with CMV infection (% of stained area, mean+/-SD: 37.37+/-14.45) when compared with all other groups (P=0.009). There were no significant differences between control subjects (22.70+/-9.42%) and AIDS patients without histologic alterations (18.10+/-7.58%), with chronic nonspecific sialadenitis (17.13+/-5.36%), or mycobacterial infection (21.09+/-4.66%). CONCLUSION Cytomegalovirus infection increases SLPI expression in the SMG of AIDS patients. Our results reveal new insights into the pathogenic association between HIV and CMV in AIDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Rocha
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Odontology of Piracicaba- University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Hernandes FR, Barreto FC, Rocha LA, Draibe SA, Canziani MEF, Carvalho AB. Evaluation of the role of severe hyperparathyroidism on coronary artery calcification in dialysis patients. Clin Nephrol 2007; 67:89-95. [PMID: 17338428 DOI: 10.5414/cnp67089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at a high risk of dying from a cardiovascular event, mainly due to coronary calcification. Among the various uremic and dialysis-specific risk factors for coronary calcification are mineral metabolism disorders. The role that secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) consequent to the altered calcium and phosphate metabolism plays in the pathogenesis of coronary calcification remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of coronary artery calcification in dialysis patients with severe SHPT submitted to multislice coronary tomography (MSCT) and to identify risk factors for coronary calcification. METHODS This study involved 23 adult dialysis patients (age >18 years) with severe SHPT who were candidates for parathyroidectomy (PTX). All were submitted to MSCT and bone densitometry during the month preceding PTX. Fasting blood samples were collected immediately before surgery. Markers of mineral metabolism, including ionized calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, intact-parathyroid hormone (iPTH), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand, were analyzed. Dyslipidemia was assessed by determination of LDL, HDL and VLDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Agatston units (AU) were used to calculate calcium scores. RESULTS No coronary calcification was found in 30% of the patients. Moderate (calcium score > 100 AU) and severe (calcium score >400 AU) calcification was observed in 12 and 36% of the patients, respectively. In the univariate analysis, calcium volume correlated positively with VLDL-cholesterol (r = 0.44; p = 0.03) and, albeit less than significantly, with age (r = 0.35; p = 0.09), triglycerides (r = 0.39; p = 0.05) and Framingham risk index (r = 0.37; p = 0.07). We also found that OPG correlated negatively with bone mineral density at the L2-L4 lumbar vertebrae (r = -0.54; p = 0.007) and femoral neck (r = -0.43; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Although high levels of PTH should be considered a risk factor for cardiovascular death, the real role of severe SHPT on coronary calcification is to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R Hernandes
- Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Bowen BW, Muss A, Rocha LA, Grant WS. Shallow mtDNA Coalescence in Atlantic Pygmy Angelfishes (Genus Centropyge) Indicates a Recent Invasion from the Indian Ocean. J Hered 2006; 97:1-12. [PMID: 16394255 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esj006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pygmy angelfishes (genus Centropyge) are widespread and species-rich in the Indo-Pacific, but only three species are recognized in the Atlantic: Centropyge resplendens on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Centropyge argi in the Caribbean, and Centropyge aurantonotus in Brazil and the southern Caribbean. Atlantic species are distinguished only by color patterns and are very similar to Centropyge acanthops (Cac) in the western Indian Ocean, raising the possibility that pygmy angelfish recently invaded the Atlantic Ocean via southern Africa. To test this zoogeographic hypothesis, we compared a 454-bp segment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region among pygmy angelfishes of the subgenus Xiphypops, which includes the three Atlantic species, the Indian Ocean species, and an Indo-Pacific species [Centropyge fisheri (Cfi)]. The Indian Ocean species Cac is closest to the Atlantic species (d = 0.059) relative to Cfi (d = 0.077). The mtDNA genealogy indicates a colonization pathway from the Indian Ocean directly to the West Atlantic, followed by at least two waves of dispersal to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The gene tree for the three Atlantic species is polyphyletic, raising questions about taxonomic assignments based on color pattern. Mismatch distributions place Atlantic founder events and population expansions at about 250,000-500,000 years ago. Estimates of effective female population sizes from mismatch and coalescence analyses are consistent with founder events by tens of individuals in the western Atlantic, followed by expansions to several million individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Bowen
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, PO Box 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA.
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Abstract
The distribution of circumtropical marine species is limited by continental boundaries, cold temperate conditions, and oceanic expanses, but some of these barriers are permeable over evolutionary time scales. Sister taxa that evolved in separate ocean basins can come back into contact, and the consequences of this renewed sympatry may be a key to understanding evolutionary processes in marine organisms. The circumtropical trumpetfishes (Aulostomus) include a West Atlantic species (A. maculatus), an Indian-Pacific species (A. chinensis), and an East Atlantic species (A. strigosus) that may be the product of a recent invasion from the Indian Ocean. To resolve patterns of divergence and speciation, we surveyed 480 bp of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b in 196 individuals from 16 locations. Based on a conventional molecular clock of 2% sequence divergence per million years, the deepest partitions in a neighbor-joining tree (d = 0.063-0.082) are consistent with separation of West Atlantic and Indian-Pacific species by the Isthmus of Panama, 3-4 million years ago. By the same criteria, trumpetfish in the East Atlantic were isolated from the Indian Ocean about 2.5 million years ago (d = 0.044-0.054), coincident with the advent of glacial cycles and cold-water upwelling around South Africa. Continental barriers between tropical oceans have only rarely been surmounted by trumpetfishes, but oceanic barriers do not appear to be substantial, as indicated by weak population partitioning (phiST = 0.093) in A. chinensis across the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Finally, morphological and mitochondrial DNA data indicate hybridization of A. strigosus and A. maculatus in Brazil. After 3-4 million years and a globe-spanning series of vicariant and dispersal events, trumpetfish lineages have come back into contact in the southwest Atlantic and appear to be merging. This ring species phenomenon may occur in a broad array of marine organisms, with clear implications for the production and maintenance of biodiversity in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Bowen
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32653, USA.
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Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans in normal and cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth were extracted by papain digestion and purified by Mono Q-FPLC chromatography. The purified glycosaminoglycans were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and by the pattern of degradation products formed by chondroitin lyases on HPLC chromatography. Our results on the glycosaminoglycan composition showed presence of chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate, dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid in both normal gingiva and cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth. The total and relative amounts of glycosaminoglycans were similar between normal and overgrown gingiva. This suggests that the glycosaminoglycan composition is not changed in cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth. Our present biochemical results conflict with histochemical and biosynthetic data previously reported by other groups. Those studies suggested that the affected tissues contained higher levels of glycosaminoglycans and that cyclosporin induced comparably high levels of these compounds in in vitro cultures of gingival fibroblasts. Therefore, these discrepant results suggest that a cyclosporin-induced increase on gingival glycosaminoglycans still remains an open question. The implications of these conflicting results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Rocha
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Rocha LA, Azanza JR, Balibrea JL, Cainzos M, García-Rodríguez JA, Gomis M, Macías AG, Mensa J, Mir MM, Palomar M. [Guidelines for empirical antibiotic treatment of intraabdominal infections. Spanish Society of Chemotherapy]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2000; 13:65-72. [PMID: 10855027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Rocha LA, Martín MJ, Pita S, Paz J, Seco C, Margusino L, Villanueva R, Durán MT. Prevention of nosocomial infection in critically ill patients by selective decontamination of the digestive tract. A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study. Intensive Care Med 1992; 18:398-404. [PMID: 1469177 DOI: 10.1007/bf01694341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a method of Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract (SDD) on colonization, nosocomial infection (NI), bacterial resistance, mortality and economic costs. DESIGN Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study. SETTING Polyvalent intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital with 27 beds. PATIENTS 101 patients with > 3 days of mechanical ventilation and > 5 days of stay, without infection at the start of the study. 47 belonged to the Treated Group (TG) and 54 to the Placebo Group (PG). INTERVENTIONS The TG was given Cefotaxime i.v. (6 g/day) for the first four days and an association of Polymyxin E, Tobramycin and Amphotericin B at the oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal level throughout the whole stay. RESULTS In the TG, colonization by gram-negative agents at oropharyngeal, tracheal and gastrointestinal level fell significantly. There was a significant drop in the overall, respiratory and urinary NI (26% vs 63%, p < 0.001; 15% vs 46%, p < 0.001; 9% vs 31%, p < 0.01). The overall mortality and NI related mortality was less in the TG (21% vs 44%, p < 0.05; 2% vs 20%, p < 0.01). The economic costs, mechanical ventilation time and length of stay were similar. The percentage of bacterial isolations resistant to Cefotaxime and Tobramycin was greater in the TG (38% vs 15% and 38% vs 9%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS colonization by gram-negative bacilli, NI and the mortality related to it can be modified by SDD. Continuous bacteriological surveillance is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Rocha
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Juan Canalejo Hospital, La Coruña, Spain
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Rivera CF, Rocha LA, Peñaranda JS, Marini M. [Massive hemoptysis secondary to an aortobronchial fistula: a rare complication of staphylococcal pneumonia]. Med Clin (Barc) 1990; 95:636. [PMID: 2097458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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dos Santos MB, de Freitas JR, Alves EDS, Rocha LA. [Competitive behavior of Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria tenagophila--laboratory studies]. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1989; 84 Suppl 1:156-78. [PMID: 2638725 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761989000500016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Observation about cohabitation among B. glabrata and B. tenagophila revealed a greater vulnerability of B. tenagophila population during the process of competition when its density was severely decreased in 12 trials, moderate in 2 trials. It was higher than B. glabrata in only one trial. Some snail water chemical parameters analysed such as pH, alkalinity, conductivity and oxygen dissolved, and the viability rate of batch of eggs didn't give subsidy to explain the competition mechanism. The newly-born survival, in the situation of cohabitation, was low for both species. This reveals the existence of intra and interspecific competitive interaction. The fertility rate reduction of B. tenagophila during the cohabitation was considered as a cause of its exclusion. One of the factors that seems to have influenced the fertility rate was a possible wrong crossing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B dos Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral-ICB-UFMG, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil
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Abstract
An attempt was made to determine more accurately the density of molluskan populations in the Pampulha reservoir, using the quadrate method, intending to detect the fluctuation of the populations density, the habitat conditions and the possible competitive interactions among Biomphalaria tenagophila, Melanoides tuberculata, Pomacea haustrum and Biomphalaria glabrata, through the analysis of populational parameters. Among the most significative facts observed in the reservoir it has to be mentioned: the almost disappearance of B. glabrata; the invasion, colonization, fixation and fast growing of M. tuberculata population until reaching about 11,000 individuals/m2; the density fluctuations of B. tenagophila, P. haustrum and M. tuberculata alives and deads; differences on the habitat preference of these three molluskan species at the edge (at the limit earth-water, at 0.70m and 1.40m from the shore line); monthly mortality rates and reproduction seasons of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia Geral-ICB-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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