1
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Samir M, Moustafa E, Almora O, Ramírez-Como M, Montero-Rama MP, Sánchez JG, Palomares E, Pallarès J, Marsal LF. CPE-Na-Based Hole Transport Layers for Improving the Stability in Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells: A Comprehensive Study. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:16317-16327. [PMID: 38526453 PMCID: PMC10995908 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have experienced significant development in the last decades after the introduction of nonfullerene acceptor molecules with top power conversion efficiencies reported over 19% and considerable versatility, for example, with application in transparent/semitransparent and flexible photovoltaics. Yet, the optimization of the operational stability continues to be a challenge. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the use of a conjugated polyelectrolyte polymer (CPE-Na) as a hole layer (HTL) to improve the performance and longevity of OPV cells. Two different fabrication approaches were adopted: integrating CPE-Na with PEDOT:PSS to create a composite HTL and using CPE-Na as a stand-alone bilayer deposited beneath PEDOT:PSS on the ITO substrate. These configurations were compared against a reference device employing PEDOT:PSS alone, as the HTL increased efficiency and fill factor. The instruments with CPE-Na also demonstrated increased stability in the dark and under simulated operational conditions. Device-based PEDOT:PSS as an HTL reached T80 after 2500 h while involving CPE-Na in the device kept at T90 in the same period, evidenced by a reduced degradation rate. Furthermore, the impedance spectroscopy and photoinduced transient methods suggest optimized charge transfer and reduced charge carrier recombination. These findings collectively highlight the potential of CPE-Na as a HTL optimizer material for nonfluorine OPV cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Samir
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Enas Moustafa
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Science
and Engineering of Renewable Energy Department, Faculty of Postgraduate
Studies for Advanced Science, Beni Suef
University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Osbel Almora
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Magaly Ramírez-Como
- Sección
de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, UPIITA Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07340, Mexico
| | - Maria Pilar Montero-Rama
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - José G. Sánchez
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia-CERCA (ICIQ-CERCA), Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia-CERCA (ICIQ-CERCA), Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Institución
Catalana de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
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2
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Tran HNQ, Tran KN, Gunenthiran S, Wang J, Law CS, Lim SY, Gary Lim YC, Abell AD, Marsal LF, Santos A. Tailoring Tamm Plasmon Resonances in Dielectric Nanoporous Photonic Crystals. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:11787-11799. [PMID: 38394678 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The fields of plasmonics and photonic crystals (PCs) have been combined to generate model light-confining Tamm plasmon (TMM) cavities. This approach effectively overcomes the intrinsic limit of diffraction faced by dielectric cavities and mitigates losses associated with the inherent properties of plasmonic materials. In this study, nanoporous anodic alumina PCs, produced by two-step sinusoidal pulse anodization, are used as a model dielectric platform to establish the methodology for tailoring light confinement through TMM resonances. These model dielectric mirrors feature highly organized nanopores and narrow bandwidth photonic stopbands (PSBs) across different positions of the spectrum. Different types of metallic films (gold, silver, and aluminum) were coated on the top of these model dielectric mirrors. By structuring the features of the plasmonic and photonic components of these hybrid structures, the characteristics of TMM resonances were studied to elucidate effective approaches to optimize the light-confining capability of this hybrid TMM model system. Our findings indicate that the coupling of photonic and plasmonic modes is maximized when the PSB of the model dielectric mirror is broad and located within the midvisible region. It was also found that thicker metal films enhance the quality of the confined light. Gas sensing experiments were performed on optimized TMM systems, and their sensitivity was assessed in real time to demonstrate their applicability. Ag films provide superior performance in achieving the highest sensitivity (S = 0.038 ± 0.001 nm ppm-1) based on specific binding interactions between thiol-containing molecules and metal films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Nguyen Que Tran
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Khoa Nhu Tran
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Satyathiran Gunenthiran
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Siew Yee Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Yong Cheow Gary Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Department of Electronic, Electric, and Automatic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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3
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Alvarez A, Lédée F, García-Batlle M, López-Varo P, Gros-Daillon E, Guillén JM, Verilhac JM, Lemercier T, Zaccaro J, Marsal LF, Garcia-Belmonte G, Almora O. Ionic Field Screening in MAPbBr 3 Crystals Revealed from Remnant Sensitivity in X-ray Detection. ACS Phys Chem Au 2023; 3:386-393. [PMID: 37520316 PMCID: PMC10375880 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.3c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Research on metal halide perovskites as absorbers for X-ray detection is an attractive subject due to the optimal optoelectronic properties of these materials for high-sensitivity applications. However, the contact degradation and the long-term instability of the current limit the performance of the devices, in close causality with the dual electronic-ionic conductivity of these perovskites. Herein, millimeter-thick methylammonium-lead bromide (MAPbBr3) single and polycrystalline samples are approached by characterizing their long-term dark current and photocurrent under X-ray incidence. It is shown how both the dark current and the sensitivity of the detectors follow similar trends at short-circuit (V = 0 V) after biasing. By performing drift-diffusion numerical simulations, it is revealed how large ionic-related built-in fields not only produce relaxations to equilibrium lasting up to tens of hours but also continue to affect the charge kinetics under homogeneous low photogeneration rates. Furthermore, a method is suggested for estimating the ionic mobility and concentration by analyzing the initial current at short-circuit and the characteristic diffusion times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin
O. Alvarez
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Universitat Jaume
I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Ferdinand Lédée
- Grenoble
Alpes University, CEA, LETI, DOPT, F38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Pilar López-Varo
- Institut
Photovoltaïque d’Ile-de-France (IPVF), 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | | | | | | | - Thibault Lemercier
- Grenoble
Alpes University, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, F38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Julien Zaccaro
- Grenoble
Alpes University, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, F38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Osbel Almora
- Department
of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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4
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Renaud M, Bousquet P, Macias G, Rochefort GY, Durand JO, Marsal LF, Cuisinier F, Cunin F, Collart-Dutilleul PY. Allogenic Stem Cells Carried by Porous Silicon Scaffolds for Active Bone Regeneration In Vivo. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:852. [PMID: 37508879 PMCID: PMC10376284 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, bone regeneration techniques use many biomaterials for bone grafting with limited efficiencies. For this purpose, tissue engineering combining biomaterials and stem cells is an important avenue of development to improve bone regeneration. Among potentially usable non-toxic and bioresorbable scaffolds, porous silicon (pSi) is an interesting biomaterial for bone engineering. The possibility of modifying its surface can allow a better cellular adhesion as well as a control of its rate of resorption. Moreover, release of silicic acid upon resorption of its nanostructure has been previously proved to enhance stem cell osteodifferentiation by inducing calcium phosphate formation. In the present study, we used a rat tail model to experiment bone tissue engineering with a critical size defect. Two groups with five rats per group of male Wistar rats were used. In each rat, four vertebrae were used for biomaterial implantation. Randomized bone defects were filled with pSi particles alone or pSi particles carrying dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). Regeneration was evaluated in comparison to empty defect and defects filled with xenogenic bone substitute (Bio-Oss®). Fluorescence microscopy and SEM evaluations showed adhesion of DPSCs on pSi particles with cells exhibiting distribution throughout the biomaterial. Histological analyzes revealed the formation of a collagen network when the defects were filled with pSi, unlike the positive control using Bio-Oss®. Overall bone formation was objectivated with µCT analysis and showed a higher bone mineral density with pSi particles combining DPSC. Immunohistochemical assays confirmed the increased expression of bone markers (osteocalcin) when pSi particles carried DPSC. Surprisingly, no grafted cells remained in the regenerated area after one month of healing, even though the grafting of DPSC clearly increased bone regeneration for both bone marker expression and overall bone formation objectivated with µCT. In conclusion, our results show that the association of pSi with DPSCs in vivo leads to greater bone formation, compared to a pSi graft without DPSCs. Our results highlight the paracrine role of grafted stem cells by recruitment and stimulation of endogenous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Renaud
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience (LBN), Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Philippe Bousquet
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience (LBN), Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Service Odontologie, Hospital Center University de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Gerard Macias
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ENSCM, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Automatic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Jean-Olivier Durand
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ENSCM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Automatic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Frédéric Cuisinier
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience (LBN), Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Service Odontologie, Hospital Center University de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Cunin
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ENSCM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Collart-Dutilleul
- Laboratoire Biosanté et Nanoscience (LBN), Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Service Odontologie, Hospital Center University de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
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5
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Rojas Gómez A, Acosta LK, Ferré-Borrull J, Santos A, Marsal LF. Generation of Tamm Plasmon Resonances for Light Confinement Applications in Narrowband Gradient-Index Filters Based on Nanoporous Anodic Alumina. ACS Appl Nano Mater 2023; 6:5274-5283. [PMID: 37092121 PMCID: PMC10112486 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.2c05356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Gold-coated gradient-index filters based on nanoporous anodic alumina (Au-coated NAA-GIFs) were used as model platforms to elucidate how Tamm plasmons can be tailored by engineering the geometric features of the plasmonic and photonic components of these hybrid structures. NAA-GIFs with well-resolved, intense photonic stopbands at two positions of the visible spectrum were fabricated through sinusoidal pulse anodization. These model photonic crystals were used to assess how the quality of Tamm plasmon resonances can be enhanced by tuning the features of the dielectric mirror and the thickness of the porous gold coating layer. It is found that the highest value of the quality factor of Tamm resonance (Q Tamm = 237) is obtained for 11 nm of gold on a dielectric mirror with low porosity corresponding to the resonant spectral position of λTamm of ∼698 nm. Our analysis indicates that Tamm resonances in as-produced Au-coated NAA-GIFs are weak due to the constrained range of wavelengths (narrow bands) at which these photonic crystal structures reflect light. However, after broadening of their photonic stopband upon pore widening, Tamm resonances become better resolved, with higher intensity. It is also observed that the quality of light confinement worsens progressively with the thickness of the porous gold coating layer after a critical value. In contrast to conventional surface plasmon resonance systems, this hybrid Tamm porous system does not require complex coupling systems and provides a nanoporous structure that can be readily tailored for a range of photonic technologies such as sensing and lasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Rojas Gómez
- Department
of Electronic, Electric, and Automatics Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Laura K. Acosta
- Department
of Electronic, Electric, and Automatics Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Department
of Electronic, Electric, and Automatics Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Abel Santos
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The
University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Department
of Electronic, Electric, and Automatics Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
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6
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Moustafa E, Marsal LF, Pallarès J. Significant Stability Improvement of Fullerene Organic Photovoltaics via ZnO Film Modification through the Intermittent Spray Pyrolysis Technique. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2022; 5:4390-4403. [PMID: 35497681 PMCID: PMC9045677 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.1c03994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Morphological control of the layers within the bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics (BHJ-OPVs) is a key feature that governs their performance. In the present work, we demonstrate that zinc oxide-ZnO-interlayers sprayed via the intermittent spray pyrolysis technique, employing a low-concentration precursor solution, can yield inverted BHJ-OPVs as efficient as the standard reported ones using the conventional laboratory-scale spin-coating technique. However, we record a pioneer stability behavior of the fabricated inverted fullerene organic photovoltaics (iF-OPVs) with various sprayed ZnO conditions. Thus, after optimizing the sprayed ZnO interfacial layer morphology for the inverted PTB7-Th:PC70BM devices, by carefully inspecting the interdependence between the sprayed ZnO thin film morphology and the figures of merit of the optimized iF-OPVs, we conducted a distinct analysis on the optical and electronic properties of the fresh and degraded devices using external quantum efficiency measurements and impedance spectroscopy. Hence, we showed that the most proper ZnO microstructural morphology was obtained by spraying 25 running cycles (25R). Remarkably, we observed that 25R-ZnO-based iF-OPV devices showed a stunning stability behavior and maintained 85% of their initial power conversion efficiency even after 16.7 months without encapsulation in a dry nitrogen glovebox, demonstrating an excellent shelf stability. Accordingly, this approach might facilitate the scalability of inverted OPVs for industrial production visibility.
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7
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Álvaro‐Martins MJ, Sánchez JG, Lavarda G, Molina D, Pallarès J, Torres T, Marsal LF, Sastre‐Santos Á. Front Cover: Subphthalocyanine‐Diketopyrrolopyrrole Conjugates: 3D Star‐Shaped Systems as Non‐Fullerene Acceptors in Polymer Solar Cells with High Open‐Circuit Voltage (ChemPlusChem 10/2021). Chempluschem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - José G. Sánchez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica Electrica i Automatica Universitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Giulia Lavarda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Spain
| | - Desiré Molina
- Instituto de Bioingeniería Universidad Miguel Hernández 03202 Elche Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica Electrica i Automatica Universitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Spain
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica Electrica i Automatica Universitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
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8
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Álvaro-Martins MJ, Sánchez JG, Lavarda G, Molina D, Pallarès J, Torres T, Marsal LF, Sastre-Santos Á. Subphthalocyanine-Diketopyrrolopyrrole Conjugates: 3D Star-Shaped Systems as Non-Fullerene Acceptors in Polymer Solar Cells with High Open-Circuit Voltage. Chempluschem 2021; 86:1360-1361. [PMID: 34337886 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Invited for this month's cover are the collaborating groups of Prof. Ángela Sastre-Santos, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Prof. Lluis F. Marsal, Universitat Rovira i Virgili and Prof. Tomás Torres, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain. The cover shows a toy doll holding an umbrella which represents a non-planar, highly conjugated subphthalocyanine-diketopyrrolopyrrole hybrid molecule for non-fullerene organic solar cells. When the sun shines on the umbrella, it absorbs the light, and the doll slides down a polymeric flexible solar cell like a slide, where electrons are produced and electricity flows into the magic wand to illuminate the room. More information can be found in the Full Paper by Ángela Sastre-Santos, Lluis F. Marsal, Tomás Torres, and co-workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José G Sánchez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica Electrica i Automatica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Giulia Lavarda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Desiré Molina
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica Electrica i Automatica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica Electrica i Automatica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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9
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Torimtubun AA, Follana-Berná J, Sánchez JG, Pallarès J, Sastre-Santos Á, Marsal LF. Fluorinated Zinc and Copper Phthalocyanines as Efficient Third Components in Ternary Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2021; 4:5201-5211. [PMID: 36426379 PMCID: PMC9677599 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.1c00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated zinc and copper metallophthalocyanines MPcF48 are synthesized and incorporated as third component small molecules in ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs). To enable the high performance of TOSCs, maximizing short-circuit current density (J SC) is crucial. Ternary bulk heterojunction blends, consisting of a polymer donor PTB7-Th, fullerene acceptors PC70BM, and a third component MPcF48, are formulated to fabricate TOSCs with a device architecture of ITO/PFN/active layer/V2O5/Ag. Employing copper as metal atom substitution in the third component of TOSCs enhances J SC as a result of complementary absorption spectra in the near-infrared region. In combination with J SC enhancement, suppressed charge recombination, improved exciton dissociation and charge carrier collection efficiency, and better morphology lead to a slightly improved fill factor (FF), resulting in a 7% enhancement of PCE than those of binary OSCs. In addition to the increased PCE, the photostability of TOSCs has also been improved by the appropriate addition of CuPcF48. Detailed studies imply that metal atom substitution in phthalocyanines is an effective way to improve J SC, FF, and thus the performance and photostability of TOSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonsina
Abat Amelenan Torimtubun
- Department
of Electric, Electronic and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Jorge Follana-Berná
- Área
de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Av. de la Universidad s/n, Elche 03202, Spain
| | - José G. Sánchez
- Department
of Electric, Electronic and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Department
of Electric, Electronic and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área
de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Av. de la Universidad s/n, Elche 03202, Spain
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Department
of Electric, Electronic and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona 43007, Spain
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10
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Álvaro-Martins MJ, Sánchez JG, Lavarda G, Molina D, Pallarès J, Torres T, Marsal LF, Sastre-Santos Á. Subphthalocyanine-Diketopyrrolopyrrole Conjugates: 3D Star-Shaped Systems as Non-Fullerene Acceptors in Polymer Solar Cells with High Open-Circuit Voltage. Chempluschem 2021; 86:1366-1373. [PMID: 33973731 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Four star-shaped electron acceptors (C1 -OPh, C3 -OPh, C1 -Cl and C3 -Cl) based on a subphthalocyanine core bearing three diketopyrrolopyrrole wings linked by an acetylene bridge have been synthesized. These derivatives feature two different axial substituents (i. e., 4-tert-butylphenoxy (OPh) or chlorine (Cl)) and for each of them, both the C1 and the C3 regioisomers have been investigated. The four compounds exhibit a broad absorption band in the 450-700 nm region, with bandgap values near to 2 eV. These materials were applied in the active layer of inverted bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells in combination with the donor polymer PBDB-T. Derivatives bearing the OPh axial group showed the best performances, with C1 -OPh being the most promising with a PCE of 3.27 % and a Voc as high as 1.17 V. Despite presenting the widest absorption range, the photovoltaic results obtained with C1 -Cl turned out to be the lowest (PCE=1.01 %).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José G Sánchez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica Electrica i Automatica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Giulia Lavarda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Desiré Molina
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica Electrica i Automatica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica Electrica i Automatica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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11
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Acosta LK, Law CS, Lim SY, Abell AD, Marsal LF, Santos A. Role of Spectral Resonance Features and Surface Chemistry in the Optical Sensitivity of Light-Confining Nanoporous Photonic Crystals. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:14394-14406. [PMID: 33733749 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous anodic alumina optical microcavities (NAA-μQVs) with spectrally tunable resonance band and surface chemistry are used as model light-confining photonic crystal (PC) platforms to elucidate the combined effect of spectral light confinement features and surface chemistry on optical sensitivity. These model nanoporous PCs show well-resolved, spectrally tunable resonance bands (RBs), the central wavelength of which is engineered from ∼400 to 800 nm by the period of the input anodization profile. The optical sensitivity of the as-produced (hydrophilic) and dichlorodimethylsilane-functionalized (hydrophobic) NAA-μQVs is studied by monitoring dynamic spectral shifts of their RB upon infiltration with organic- and aqueous-based analytical solutions of equally varying refractive index, from 1.333 to 1.345 RIU. Our findings demonstrate that hydrophilic NAA-μQVs show ∼81 and 35% superior sensitivity to their hydrophobic counterparts for organic- and aqueous-based analytical solutions, respectively. Interestingly, the sensitivity of hydrophilic NAA-μQVs per unit of spectral shift is more than 3-fold higher in organic than in aqueous matrices upon equal change of refractive index, with values of 0.347 ± 0.002 and 0.109 ± 0.001 (nm RIU-1) nm-1, respectively. Conversely, hydrophobic NAA-μQVs are found to be slightly more sensitive toward changes of refractive index in aqueous medium, with sensitivities of 0.072 ± 0.002 and 0.066 ± 0.006 (nm RIU-1) nm-1 in water- and organic-based analytical solutions, respectively. Our advances provide insights into critical factors determining optical sensitivity in light-confining nanoporous PC structures, with implications across optical sensing applications, and other photonic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Acosta
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Department of Electronic, Electric, and Automatics Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Siew Yee Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Department of Electronic, Electric, and Automatics Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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12
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Domagalski JT, Xifre-Perez E, Marsal LF. Recent Advances in Nanoporous Anodic Alumina: Principles, Engineering, and Applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:430. [PMID: 33567787 PMCID: PMC7914664 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of aluminum anodization technology features many stages. With the story stretching for almost a century, rather straightforward-from current perspective-technology, raised into an iconic nanofabrication technique. The intrinsic properties of alumina porous structures constitute the vast utility in distinct fields. Nanoporous anodic alumina can be a starting point for: Templates, photonic structures, membranes, drug delivery platforms or nanoparticles, and more. Current state of the art would not be possible without decades of consecutive findings, during which, step by step, the technique was more understood. This review aims at providing an update regarding recent discoveries-improvements in the fabrication technology, a deeper understanding of the process, and a practical application of the material-providing a narrative supported with a proper background.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (J.T.D.); (E.X.-P.)
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Santos A, Marsal LF, Kumeria T. Editorial: Engineered Nanoporous Materials for Chemical Sensors and Biosensors. Front Chem 2020; 8:595931. [PMID: 33282841 PMCID: PMC7688623 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.595931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Australian Research Council (ARC) Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Department of Electronic, Electric, and Automatics Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Tushar Kumeria
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Domagalski JT, Xifre-Perez E, Tabrizi MA, Ferre-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Magnetic nanoparticle decorated anodic alumina nanotubes for fluorescent detection of cathepsin B. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 584:236-245. [PMID: 33069022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present the process to provide anodic alumina nanotubes with magnetic responsivity based on magnetic nanoparticles. We demonstrate the possibility to cause the motion of these composite nanotubes under magnetic field, providing them with guided mobility. The obtained magnetic anodic alumina nanotubes are completely characterized and their potential to undergo selective and effective functionalization, and stimuli-responsive load release is demonstrated. For this purpose, protease-triggered release of fluorescent molecules loaded inside the magnetic anodic alumina nanotubes (MAANTs) by selective functionalization is performed. The inner walls of the MAANTs were selectively covered with protein padding of albumin-fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugate (FITC-BSA) through means of silanization. Protein functionalization was designed to undergo proteolytic hydrolysis in presence of cathepsin B- protease highly expressed during growth and initial stages of tumor metastasis - in order to cleave peptide bond of albumin and release fluorescent fragments of the protein. Proteolytic reaction with the enzyme is performed under acidic conditions. Presented arrangement is an exemplary combination of functionalities - which are vast - and of value for applications like drug delivery and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Domagalski
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - E Xifre-Perez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - M A Tabrizi
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - J Ferre-Borrull
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - L F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M, Ferre-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Advances in Optical Biosensors and Sensors Using Nanoporous Anodic Alumina. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E5068. [PMID: 32906635 PMCID: PMC7570681 DOI: 10.3390/s20185068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review paper focuses on recent progress in optical biosensors using self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina. We present the fabrication of self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina, surface functionalization, and optical sensor applications. We show that self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina has good potential for use in the fabrication of antibody-based (immunosensor), aptamer-based (aptasensor), gene-based (genosensor), peptide-based, and enzyme-based optical biosensors. The fabricated optical biosensors presented high sensitivity and selectivity. In addition, we also showed that the performance of the biosensors and the self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina can be used for assessing biomolecules, heavy ions, and gas molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.A.T.); (J.F.-B.)
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Law CS, Lim SY, Liu L, Abell AD, Marsal LF, Santos A. Realization of high-quality optical nanoporous gradient-index filters by optimal combination of anodization conditions. Nanoscale 2020; 12:9404-9415. [PMID: 32124886 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10526c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-quality nanoporous anodic alumina gradient-index filters (NAA-GIFs) are realized by sinusoidal pulse anodisation (SPA) of aluminum. A three-level factorial design of experiments is used to determine the effect of three critical anodization parameters -electrolyte temperature, concentration of the electrolyte and anodization time- on the quality of light control in these photonic crystal (PC) structures. Quantitative analysis of the effect of these anodization parameters on the quality of the characteristic photonic stopband (PSB) of NAA-GIFs reveals that all three anodization parameters and their respective combinations have statistically significant effects. However, anodization time is found to have the highest impact on the quality of light control in NAA-GIFs, followed by the electrolyte concentration and its temperature. Our findings demonstrate that NAA-GIFs fabricated under optimal conditions achieve an outstanding quality factor of ∼86 (i.e.∼18% superior to that of other NAA-based PCs reported in the literature). This study provides new insight into optimal anodization conditions to fabricate high-quality NAA-based PC structures, opening new exciting opportunities to integrate these nanoporous PCs as platform materials for light-based technologies requiring a precise control over photons such as ultra-sensitive optical sensors and biosensors, photocatalysts for green energy generation and environmental remediation, optical encoding and lasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
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Acosta LK, Bertó-Roselló F, Xifre-Perez E, Law CS, Santos A, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Tunable Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Photonic Crystals by Gaussian Pulse Anodization. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:19778-19787. [PMID: 32227979 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b23354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a Gaussian pulse anodization approach to generate nanoporous photonic crystals with highly tunable and controllable optical properties across the visible-NIR spectrum. Nanoporous anodic alumina Gaussian photonic crystals (NAA-GPCs) are fabricated in oxalic acid electrolyte by Gaussian pulse anodization, a novel form of pulse-like anodization. The effect of the Gaussian pulse width in the anodization profile on the optical properties of these photonic crystals is assessed by systematically varying this fabrication parameter from 5 to 60 s. The optical features of the characteristic photonic stopband (PSB) of NAA-GPCs-the position of the central wavelength, full width at half-maximum, and intensity-are found to be highly dependent on the Gaussian pulse width, the angle of incidence of incoming photons, and the nanopore diameter of NAA-GPCs. The effective medium of NAA-GPCs is assessed by monitoring spectral shifts in their characteristic PSB upon infiltration of their nanoporous structure with analytical solutions of d-glucose of varying concentration (0.0125-1 M). Experimental results are validated and mechanistically described by theoretical simulations, using the Looyenga-Landau-Lifshitz effective medium approximation model. Our findings demonstrate that Gaussian pulse anodization is an effective nanofabrication approach to producing highly sensitive NAA-based PC structures with versatile and tunable PSBs across the spectral regions. The findings provide new exiting opportunities to integrate these unique PC structures into photonic sensors and other platform materials for light-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Acosta
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francesc Bertó-Roselló
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifre-Perez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. An optical biosensor for the determination of cathepsin B as a cancer-associated enzyme using nanoporous anodic alumina modified with human serum albumin-thionine. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:230. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ribes À, Aznar E, Santiago-Felipe S, Xifre-Perez E, Tormo-Mas MÁ, Pemán J, Marsal LF, Martínez-Máñez R. Selective and Sensitive Probe Based in Oligonucleotide-Capped Nanoporous Alumina for the Rapid Screening of Infection Produced by Candida albicans. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1291-1298. [PMID: 31020831 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A robust, sensitive, and time-competitive system to detect Candida albicans in less than 30 min in clinical samples based in capped nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) is developed. In the proposed design, NAA pores are loaded with rhodamine B and then blocked with an oligonucleotide that is able to recognize C. albicans DNA. The capped material shows negligible cargo release, whereas dye delivery is selectively accomplished when genomic DNA from C. albicans is present. This procedure has been successfully applied to detect C. albicans in clinical samples from patients infected with this yeast. When compared with classical C. albicans detection methods, the proposed probe has a short assay time, high sensitivity and selectivity, demonstrating the high potential of this simple design for the diagnosis of infection produced by C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Àngela Ribes
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Aznar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Santiago-Felipe
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifre-Perez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Tormo-Mas
- Grupo acreditado de investigación Infección Grave, IIS La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 126, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Pemán
- Grupo acreditado de investigación Infección Grave, IIS La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 126, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Politècnic i Universitari La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 126, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universidad Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Highly sensitive aptasensor based on interferometric reflectance spectroscopy for the determination of amyloid β as an Alzheimer's disease biomarkers using nanoporous anodic alumina. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 137:279-286. [PMID: 31125817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that Alzheimer's disease is one of the global challenges for the 21st century. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a reliable biosensor for the detection of this disease. Here in, we have developed for the first time, an aptasensor based on interferometric reflectance spectroscopy (IRS) for the determination of amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers that is an Alzheimer's disease biomarker. For this purpose, the nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) was first fabricated. After that, the pore walls of the NAA were modified with (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (NAA-NH2). The amino-terminal aptamers probe were then attached to the pore walls of the NAA-NH2 by using glutaraldehyde (GA) as the cross-linking agent. Subsequently, methylene blue (MB) was immobilized into the aptamer as the photo-probe, generating the MB/G-quadruplex complex. Since MB has a high absorption coefficient, the intensity of the reflected white light to the charge-coupled device (CCD) detector decreased. In the presence of the Aβ oligomers that have high affinity to the immobilized aptamer, the MB/quadruplex complex broke and MB washed away from the aptasensor. Therefore, the intensity of the reflected white light to the CCD detector increased. The increased signal intensity of the aptasensor has a logarithmic relationship with the concentration of Aβ oligomers. The proposed aptasensor exhibited a good response to the concentration of Aβ oligomers in the range of 0.5-50.0 μg × mL-1. The experimental detection limit was of 0.02 μg × mL-1 (at 3σ/S). The proposed optical aptasensor exhibited good selectivity, linear range, and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Amouzadeh Tabrizi
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Eléctrica y Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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Acosta LK, Bertó-Roselló F, Xifre-Perez E, Santos A, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Stacked Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Gradient-Index Filters with Tunable Multispectral Photonic Stopbands as Sensing Platforms. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:3360-3371. [PMID: 30590008 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the development and optical engineering of stacked nanoporous anodic alumina gradient-index (NAA-GIFs) filters with tunable multispectral photonic stopbands for sensing applications. The structure of these photonic crystals (PC) is formed by stacked layers of NAA produced with sinusoidally modified effective medium. The progressive modification of the sinusoidal period during the anodization process enables the generation and precise tuning of the characteristic photonic stopbands (PSB) (i.e., one per sinusoidal period in the anodization profile) of these PC structures. Four types of NAA-GIFs featuring three distinctive PSBs positioned within the visible spectral region are developed. The sensitivity of the effective medium of these NAA-GIFs is systematically assessed by measuring spectral shifts in the characteristic PSBs upon infiltration of their nanoporous structure with analytical solutions of d-glucose with several concentrations (0.025-1 M). This study provides new insights into the intrinsic relationship between the nanoporous architecture of these PCs and their optical properties, generating opportunities to fabricate advanced optical sensing systems for high-throughput and multiplexed detection of analytes in a single sensing platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Acosta
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Francesc Bertó-Roselló
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifre-Perez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering , The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , South Australia 5005 , Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS) , The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , South Australia 5005 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP) , The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , South Australia 5005 , Australia
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
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Stenta C, Molina D, Viterisi A, Montero-Rama MP, Pla S, Cambarau W, Fernández-Lázaro F, Palomares E, Marsal LF, Sastre-Santos Á. Diphenylphenoxy-Thiophene-PDI Dimers as Acceptors for OPV Applications with Open Circuit Voltage Approaching 1 Volt. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:nano8040211. [PMID: 29601514 PMCID: PMC5923541 DOI: 10.3390/nano8040211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two new perylenediimides (PDIs) have been developed for use as electron acceptors in solution-processed bulk heterojunction solar cells. The compounds were designed to exhibit maximal solubility in organic solvents, and reduced aggregation in the solid state. In order to achieve this, diphenylphenoxy groups were used to functionalize a monomeric PDI core, and two PDI dimers were bridged with either one or two thiophene units. In photovoltaic devices prepared using PDI dimers and a monomer in conjunction with PTB7, it was found that the formation of crystalline domains in either the acceptor or donor was completely suppressed. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, charge carrier mobility measurements and recombination kinetics studies all suggest that the lack of crystallinity in the active layer induces a significant drop in electron mobility. Significant surface recombination losses associated with a lack of segregation in the material were also identified as a significant loss mechanism. Finally, the monomeric PDI was found to have sub-optimum LUMO energy matching the cathode contact, thus limiting charge carrier extraction. Despite these setbacks, all PDIs produced high open circuit voltages, reaching almost 1 V in one particular case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Stenta
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Desiré Molina
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
| | - Aurélien Viterisi
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - María Pilar Montero-Rama
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Sara Pla
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
| | - Werther Cambarau
- Institut Català d'Investigació Química, Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Fernando Fernández-Lázaro
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
| | - Emilio Palomares
- Institut Català d'Investigació Química, Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
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Eckstein C, Acosta LK, Pol L, Xifré-Pérez E, Pallares J, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Surface Modification by Electrostatic, Covalent, and Immune Complexation Binding Investigated by Capillary Filling. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:10571-10579. [PMID: 29509406 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The fluid imbibition-coupled laser interferometry (FICLI) technique has been applied to detect and quantify surface changes and pore dimension variations in nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) structures. FICLI is a noninvasive optical technique that permits the determination of the NAA average pore radius with high accuracy. In this work, the technique is applied after each step of different surface modification paths of the NAA pores: (i) electrostatic immobilization of bovine serum albumin (BSA), (ii) covalent attachment of streptavidin via (3-aminipropyl)-triethoxysilane and glutaraldehyde grafting, and (iii) immune complexation. Results show that BSA attachment can be detected as a reduction in estimated radius from FICLI with high accuracy and reproducibility. In the case of the covalent attachment of streptavidin, FICLI is able to recognize a multilayer formation of the silane and the protein. For immune complexation, the technique is able to detect different antibody-antigen bindings and distinguish different dynamics among different immune species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Eckstein
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Laura K Acosta
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Laura Pol
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifré-Pérez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Josep Pallares
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
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Rajeev G, Prieto Simon B, Marsal LF, Voelcker NH. Advances in Nanoporous Anodic Alumina-Based Biosensors to Detect Biomarkers of Clinical Significance: A Review. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29205934 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a strong and growing demand for compact, portable, rapid, and low-cost devices to detect biomarkers of interest in clinical and point-of-care diagnostics. Such devices aid in early diagnosis of diseases without the need to rely on expensive and time-consuming large instruments in dedicated laboratories. Over the last decade, numerous biosensors have been developed for detection of a wide range of clinical biomarkers including proteins, nucleic acids, growth factors, and bacterial enzymes. Various transduction techniques have been reported based on biosensor technology that deliver substantial advances in analytical performance, including sensitivity, reproducibility, selectivity, and speed for monitoring a wide range of human health conditions. Nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) has been used extensively for biosensing applications due to its inherent optical and electrochemical properties, ease of fabrication, large surface area, tunable properties, and high stability in aqueous environment. This review focuses on NAA-based biosensing systems for detection of clinically significant biomarkers using various detection techniques with the main focus being on electrochemical and optical transduction methods. The review covers an overview of the importance of biosensors for biomarkers detection, general (surface and structural) properties and fabrication of NAA, and NAA-based biomarker sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatriz Prieto Simon
- Future Industries Institute; Mawson Lakes SA 5095 Australia
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica; Eléctrica y Automática; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Avda. Països Catalans 26 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Future Industries Institute; Mawson Lakes SA 5095 Australia
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
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25
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Sánchez JG, Balderrama VS, Garduño SI, Osorio E, Viterisi A, Estrada M, Ferré-Borrull J, Pallarès J, Marsal LF. Impact of inkjet printed ZnO electron transport layer on the characteristics of polymer solar cells. RSC Adv 2018; 8:13094-13102. [PMID: 35542512 PMCID: PMC9079671 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01481g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate that zinc oxide (ZnO) layers deposited by inkjet printing (IJP) can be successfully applied to the low-temperature fabrication of efficient inverted polymer solar cells (i-PSCs). The effects of ZnO layers deposited by IJP as electron transport layer (ETL) on the performance of i-PSCs based on PTB7-Th:PC70BM active layers are investigated. The morphology of the ZnO-IJP layers was analysed by AFM, and compared to that of ZnO layers deposited by different techniques. The study shows that the morphology of the ZnO underlayer has a dramatic effect on the band structure and non-geminate recombination kinetics of the active layer deposited on top of it. Charge carrier and transient photovoltage measurements show that non-geminate recombination is governed by deep trap states in devices made from ZnO-IJP while trapping is less significant for other types of ZnO. The power conversion efficiency of the devices made from ZnO-IJP is mostly limited by their slightly lower JSC, resulting from non-optimum photon conversion efficiency in the visible part of the solar spectrum. Despite these minor limitations their J–V characteristics compare very favourably with that of devices made from ZnO layer deposited using different techniques. In this paper, we demonstrate that zinc oxide (ZnO) layers deposited by inkjet printing (IJP) can be successfully applied to the low-temperature fabrication of efficient inverted polymer solar cells (i-PSCs).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- José G. Sánchez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica Elèctrica i Automàtica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Av. Països Catalans 26
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Víctor S. Balderrama
- Cátedra-CONACYT
- Center for Engineering and Industrial Development (CIDESI)
- Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems Department (MEMS)
- 76125 Santiago de Querétaro
- México
| | - Salvador I. Garduño
- Cátedra-CONACYT
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-I.P.N)
- 07360 Ciudad de México
- México
| | - Edith Osorio
- Cátedra-CONACYT
- Universidad de Quintana Roo
- División de Ciencia e Ingeniería
- Chetumal
- México
| | - Aurelien Viterisi
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica Elèctrica i Automàtica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Av. Països Catalans 26
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Magali Estrada
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-I.P.N)
- 07360 Ciudad de México
- México
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica Elèctrica i Automàtica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Av. Països Catalans 26
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica Elèctrica i Automàtica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Av. Països Catalans 26
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica Elèctrica i Automàtica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Av. Països Catalans 26
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
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26
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Porta-I-Batalla M, Xifré-Pérez E, Eckstein C, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. 3D Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Structures for Sustained Drug Release. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2017; 7:E227. [PMID: 28825654 PMCID: PMC5575709 DOI: 10.3390/nano7080227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) for the development of drug delivery systems has gained much attention in recent years. The release of drugs loaded inside NAA pores is complex and depends on the morphology of the pores. In this study, NAA, with different three-dimensional (3D) pore structures (cylindrical pores with several pore diameters, multilayered nanofunnels, and multilayered inverted funnels) were fabricated, and their respective drug delivery rates were studied and modeled using doxorubicin as a model drug. The obtained results reveal optimal modeling of all 3D pore structures, differentiating two drug release stages. Thus, an initial short-term and a sustained long-term release were successfully modeled by the Higuchi and the Korsmeyer-Peppas equations, respectively. This study demonstrates the influence of pore geometries on drug release rates, and further presents a sustained long-term drug release that exceeds 60 days without an undesired initial burst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Porta-I-Batalla
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Elisabet Xifré-Pérez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Chris Eckstein
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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27
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Fernandez D, Viterisi A, Challuri V, Ryan JW, Martinez-Ferrero E, Gispert-Guirado F, Martinez M, Escudero E, Stenta C, Marsal LF, Palomares E. Understanding the Limiting Factors of Solvent-Annealed Small-Molecule Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells from a Chemical Perspective. ChemSusChem 2017; 10:3118-3134. [PMID: 28544632 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A detailed account of the limiting factors of solvent-annealed bulk-heterojunction small-molecule organic solar cells is given. This account is based on the extensive characterisation of solar cell devices made from a library of five diketopyrolopyrole (DPP) donor dyes. Their chemical structure is designed in such a way as to provide insights into the energetics of solar cell active layer micro-structure formation. Numerous chemical and physical properties of the active layers are assessed and inter-related such as light absorption, molecular packing in the solid state, crystal-forming properties in thin films, charge carrier mobility and charge carrier recombination kinetics. A myriad of characterisation techniques are used such as UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, XRD, AFM and photo-induced transient measurements, which provide information on the optical properties of the active layers, morphology and recombination kinetics. Consequently, a mechanism for the solvent-vapour-annealing-assisted formation of crystalline domains of donor molecules in the active layer is proposed, and the micro-structural features are related to the J-V characteristics of the devices. According to this model, the crystalline phase in which the donor crystallise in the active layer is the key determinant to direct the formation of the micro-structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fernandez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Aurelien Viterisi
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Vijay Challuri
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - James W Ryan
- International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | | | - Francesc Gispert-Guirado
- Scientific Resources Service, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marta Martinez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Escudero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Caterina Stenta
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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Osorio E, Sánchez JG, Acquaroli LN, Pacio M, Ferré-Borrull J, Pallarès J, Marsal LF. Degradation Analysis of Encapsulated and Nonencapsulated TiO 2/PTB7:PC 70BM/V 2O 5 Solar Cells under Ambient Conditions via Impedance Spectroscopy. ACS Omega 2017; 2:3091-3097. [PMID: 31457641 PMCID: PMC6641627 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inverted organic cells are promising devices for sustainable and low-cost future electric generation. In this work, we present the degradation mechanisms studied in ITO/TiO2/PTB7:PC70BM/V2O5/Ag inverted organic solar cells (iOSCs) by impedance spectroscopy (IS). Measurements were performed on encapsulated (controlled environment) and nonencapsulated (ambient condition) cells following their temporal evolution under AM1.5 illumination for several voltage biases. From the impedance spectra, analyzed in terms of resistive/capacitive equivalent circuits, we were able to identify that the most sensitive layers inside of the device are contact layers. According with presented, IS technique is useful for determining the materials that have more influence on the degradation of organic solar cells. We demonstrate that IS is a powerful technique to identify the limiting mechanisms and to establish the limiting materials inside of the iOSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Osorio
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - José G. Sánchez
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Leandro N. Acquaroli
- Department
of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, P.O. Box 6079, Station Centre-Ville, Montreal, Québec H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Mauricio Pacio
- Centro
de Investigación en Dispositivos Semiconductores, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla CIDS-ICUAP, 14 sur and Av. San Claudio, San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis F. Marsal
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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29
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Bertó-Roselló F, Xifré-Pérez E, Ferré-Borrull J, Pallarès J, Marsal LF. Nanoporous Anodic Alumina 3D FDTD Modelling for a Broad Range of Inter-pore Distances. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:359. [PMID: 27518230 PMCID: PMC4987547 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The capability of the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method for the numerical modelling of the optical properties of nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) in a broad range of inter-pore distances is evaluated. FDTD permits taking into account in the same numerical framework all the structural features of NAA, such as the texturization of the interfaces or the incorporation of electrolyte anions in the aluminium oxide host. The evaluation is carried out by comparing reflectance measurements from two samples with two very different inter-pore distances with the simulation results. Results show that considering the texturization is crucial to obtain good agreement with the measurements. On the other hand, including the anionic layer in the model leads to a second-order contribution to the reflectance spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Bertó-Roselló
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifré-Pérez
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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30
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Porta-I-Batalla M, Eckstein C, Xifré-Pérez E, Formentín P, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Sustained, Controlled and Stimuli-Responsive Drug Release Systems Based on Nanoporous Anodic Alumina with Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:372. [PMID: 27550052 PMCID: PMC4993726 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery systems are an encouraging solution to some drug disadvantages such as reduced solubility, deprived biodistribution, tissue damage, fast breakdown of the drug, cytotoxicity, or side effects. Self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina is an auspicious material for drug delivery due to its biocompatibility, stability, and controllable pore geometry. Its use in drug delivery applications has been explored in several fields, including therapeutic devices for bone and dental tissue engineering, coronary stent implants, and carriers for transplanted cells. In this work, we have created and analyzed a stimuli-responsive drug delivery system based on layer-by-layer pH-responsive polyelectrolyte and nanoporous anodic alumina. The results demonstrate that it is possible to control the drug release using a polyelectrolyte multilayer coating that will act as a gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Porta-I-Batalla
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatics Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Chris Eckstein
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatics Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifré-Pérez
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatics Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pilar Formentín
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatics Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - J Ferré-Borrull
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatics Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Department of Electronic, Electric and Automatics Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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Eckstein C, Xifré-Pérez E, Porta-I-Batalla M, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Optical Monitoring of the Capillary Filling Dynamics Variation in Nanoporous Anodic Alumina toward Sensing Applications. Langmuir 2016; 32:10467-10472. [PMID: 27666416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluid imbibition-coupled laser interferometry (FICLI) is a technique in which the kinetics of a fluid infiltrating a nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) membrane is monitored by the interference of a laser beam at the membrane top and bottom surfaces. Further processing of the measured data results in an estimate of the pore radius. In this work, we study the accuracy of FICLI in the detection of small changes in pore radius, and we evaluate the possibility of using such detection as a sensing paradigm. The accuracy is estimated by measuring samples with increasing pore radius, obtained by successive wet etching steps, and repeatability is evaluated by using different liquids. For decreasing pore radius, samples obtained by the successive deposition of polyelectrolyte double layers are used. With the aim of evaluating the possibility of the FICLI method to sense biological binding events, BSA attachment detection is demonstrated by applying FICLI to samples before and after immobilization of the protein. Results show that the technique permits an accurate estimation of the pore radius, the pore-etching rate (with a radius variation of retch,DI = 1.05 nm/min ± 0.11 nm/min), and the polyelectrolyte double layer thickness (with a radius variation of rPAH/PSS = 3.2 nm ± 0.2 nm per polyelectrolyte double layer). Furthermore, the pore radius reduction measured after BSA immobilization (dBSA = 4.9 nm ± 1.1 nm) is in good agreement with the protein size, as reported in the literature. With these results, we provide a sound basis for the applicability of FICLI as a sensitive technique for the characterization of NAA pore radius modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Eckstein
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifré-Pérez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Porta-I-Batalla
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, ETSE, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Balderrama VS, Albero J, Granero P, Ferré-Borrull J, Pallarés J, Palomares E, Marsal LF. Design, fabrication and charge recombination analysis of an interdigitated heterojunction nanomorphology in P3HT/PC(70)BM solar cells. Nanoscale 2015; 7:13848-59. [PMID: 26130048 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02429c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work interdigitated heterojunction photovoltaic devices were manufactured. A donor layer of P3HT nanopillars was fabricated by soft nanoimprinting using nanoporous anodic alumina templates. Subsequently, the PC70BM acceptor layer was deposited by spin coating on top of the P3HT nanopillars using a solvent that would not dissolve any of the previous material. Anisole solvent was used because it does not dissolve the bottom donor layer of nanopillars and provides a good wettability between the two materials. Charge extraction was used to determine the charge carrier densities n on the interdigitated heterojunction under operating conditions. Moreover, transient photovoltage measurements were used to find the recombination rate constant in combination with the charge carrier density. At the same time, the interdigitated structure was also compared with bulk heterojunction and bilayer solar cells manufactured with the same polymeric and fullerene materials in order to understand the recombination loss mechanisms in the ordered and disordered nanomorphologies of the active layers.
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Xifre-Perez E, Guaita-Esteruelas S, Baranowska M, Pallares J, Masana L, Marsal LF. In Vitro Biocompatibility of Surface-Modified Porous Alumina Particles for HepG2 Tumor Cells: Toward Early Diagnosis and Targeted Treatment. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:18600-8. [PMID: 26267349 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Porous alumina photoluminescence-inherent particles are produced and proposed for the development of biomarkers detectors and localized treatment of HepG2 cells. Nanoporous alumina particles (NPAPs) are amorphous, consist of hexagonally ordered nanometric pores in an alumina matrix, have high chemical stability in physiological pH, and exhibit a high inherent photoluminescence in the visible spectrum independently of their size, selectable from nanometers to tens of micrometers. The surface of NPAPs is chemically modified using two different functionalization methods, a multistep method with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and glutaraldehyde (GLTA) and a novel simplified-step method with silane-PEG-NHS. Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the proper surface modification of the particles for both functionalization methods. HepG2 cells were cultured during different times with growing concentrations of particles. The analysis of cytotoxicity and cell viability of HepG2 cells confirmed the good biocompatibility of NPAPs in all culture conditions. The results prove the suitability of NPAPs for developing new label-free biomarker detectors and advantageous carriers for localized drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Xifre-Perez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sandra Guaita-Esteruelas
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi-IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Malgorzata Baranowska
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep Pallares
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis Masana
- Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi-IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Abstract
In the last decade, some low-cost nanofabrication technologies used in several disciplines of nanotechnology have demonstrated promising results in terms of versatility and scalability for producing innovative nanostructures. While conventional nanofabrication technologies such as photolithography are and will be an important part of nanofabrication, some low-cost nanofabrication technologies have demonstrated outstanding capabilities for large-scale production, providing high throughputs with acceptable resolution and broad versatility. Some of these nanotechnological approaches are reviewed in this article, providing information about the fundamentals, limitations and potential future developments towards nanofabrication processes capable of producing a broad range of nanostructures. Furthermore, in many cases, these low-cost nanofabrication approaches can be combined with traditional nanofabrication technologies. This combination is considered a promising way of generating innovative nanostructures suitable for a broad range of applications such as in opto-electronics, nano-electronics, photonics, sensing, biotechnology or medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, N. Engineering Building, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
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Rahman MM, Marsal LF, Pallarès J, Ferré-Borrull J. Tuning the photonic stop bands of nanoporous anodic alumina-based distributed bragg reflectors by pore widening. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2013; 5:13375-81. [PMID: 24283602 DOI: 10.1021/am4043118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A distributed Bragg reflector based on nanoporous anodic alumina was fabricated using an innovative cyclic anodization voltage approach, which resulted in an in-depth modulation of the pore geometry and the refractive index. The effect of a pore-widening wet-etching step on the structure's photonic stop-band properties was studied. From transmittance measurements, it was shown that by changing the pore-widening time it is possible to modulate the photonic stop band in the range of visible to near infrared. With the help of a theoretical model, we were able to obtain information about the evolution with the pore widening of the material effective refractive indexes. This opens the possibility of obtaining several optoelectronic devices based on nanoporous anodic alumina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
- Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS), Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Avinguda Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Alba M, Pazos-Perez N, Vaz B, Formentin P, Tebbe M, Correa-Duarte MA, Granero P, Ferré-Borrull J, Alvarez R, Pallares J, Fery A, de Lera AR, Marsal LF, Alvarez-Puebla RA. Innenrücktitelbild: Macroscale Plasmonic Substrates for Highly Sensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (Angew. Chem. 25/2013). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Alba M, Pazos-Perez N, Vaz B, Formentin P, Tebbe M, Correa-Duarte MA, Granero P, Ferré-Borrull J, Alvarez R, Pallares J, Fery A, de Lera AR, Marsal LF, Alvarez-Puebla RA. Inside Back Cover: Macroscale Plasmonic Substrates for Highly Sensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 25/2013). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Alba M, Pazos-Perez N, Vaz B, Formentin P, Tebbe M, Correa-Duarte MA, Granero P, Ferré-Borrull J, Alvarez R, Pallares J, Fery A, de Lera AR, Marsal LF, Alvarez-Puebla RA. Macroscale Plasmonic Substrates for Highly Sensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Alba M, Pazos-Perez N, Vaz B, Formentin P, Tebbe M, Correa-Duarte MA, Granero P, Ferré-Borrull J, Alvarez R, Pallares J, Fery A, de Lera AR, Marsal LF, Alvarez-Puebla RA. Macroscale plasmonic substrates for highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:6459-63. [PMID: 23630080 PMCID: PMC3749443 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alba
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Rahman MM, Garcia-Caurel E, Santos A, Marsal LF, Pallarès J, Ferré-Borrull J. Effect of the anodization voltage on the pore-widening rate of nanoporous anodic alumina. Nanoscale Res Lett 2012; 7:474. [PMID: 22916731 PMCID: PMC3460793 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A detailed study of the pore-widening rate of nanoporous anodic alumina layers as a function of the anodization voltage was carried out. The study focuses on samples produced under the same electrolyte and concentration but different anodization voltages within the self-ordering regime. By means of ellipsometry-based optical characterization, it is shown that in the pore-widening process, the porosity increases at a faster rate for lower anodization voltages. This opens the possibility of obtaining three-dimensional nanostructured nanoporous anodic alumina with controlled thickness and refractive index of each layer, and with a refractive index difference of up to 0.24 between layers, for samples produced with oxalic acid electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
- Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Paisos Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | | | - Abel Santos
- Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Paisos Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Paisos Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Paisos Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Paisos Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
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Santos A, Alba M, Rahman MM, Formentín P, Ferré-Borrull J, Pallarès J, Marsal LF. Structural tuning of photoluminescence in nanoporous anodic alumina by hard anodization in oxalic and malonic acids. Nanoscale Res Lett 2012; 7:228. [PMID: 22515214 PMCID: PMC3413565 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on an exhaustive and systematic study about the photoluminescent properties of nanoporous anodic alumina membranes fabricated by the one-step anodization process under hard conditions in oxalic and malonic acids. This optical property is analysed as a function of several parameters (i.e. hard anodization voltage, pore diameter, membrane thickness, annealing temperature and acid electrolyte). This analysis makes it possible to tune the photoluminescent behaviour at will simply by modifying the structural characteristics of these membranes. This structural tuning ability is of special interest in such fields as optoelectronics, in which an accurate design of the basic nanostructures (e.g. microcavities, resonators, filters, supports, etc.) yields the control over their optical properties and, thus, upon the performance of the nanodevices derived from them (biosensors, interferometers, selective filters, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Santos
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Maria Alba
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Mahbubur M Rahman
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Pilar Formentín
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Josep Pallarès
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
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Palacios R, Formentin P, Martinez-Ferrero E, Pallarès J, Marsal LF. β-Phase Morphology in Ordered Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) Nanopillars by Template Wetting Method. Nanoscale Res Lett 2011; 6:35. [PMID: 27502658 PMCID: PMC3211439 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-010-9788-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method based in template wetting is applied for fabrication of ordered Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) nanopillars with β-phase morphology. In this process, nanoporous alumina obtained by anodization process is used as template. PFO nanostructures are prepared under ambient conditions via infiltration of the polymeric solution into the pores of the alumina with an average pore diameter of 225 nm and a pore depth of 500 nm. The geometric features of the resulting structures are characterized with environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), luminescence fluorimeter (PL) and micro μ-X-ray diffractometer (μ-XRD). The characterization demonstrates the β-phase of the PFO in the nanopillars fabricated. Furthermore, the PFO nanopillars are characterized by Raman spectroscopy to study the polymer conformation. These ordered nanostructures can be used in optoelectronic applications such as polymer light-emitting diodes, sensors and organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Palacios
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrónica, Eléctrica i Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - P Formentin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrónica, Eléctrica i Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - E Martinez-Ferrero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - J Pallarès
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrónica, Eléctrica i Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - L F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrónica, Eléctrica i Automática, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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Rahman MM, Ferré-Borrull J, Pallarès J, Marsal LF. Photonic stop bands of two-dimensional quasi-random structures based on macroporous silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.201000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Santos A, Vojkuvka L, Pallarés J, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Cobalt and Nickel Nanopillars on Aluminium Substrates by Direct Current Electrodeposition Process. Nanoscale Res Lett 2009; 4:1021-1028. [PMID: 20596338 PMCID: PMC2894324 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-009-9351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A fast and cost-effective technique is applied for fabricating cobalt and nickel nanopillars on aluminium substrates. By applying an electrochemical process, the aluminium oxide barrier layer is removed from the pore bottom tips of nanoporous anodic alumina templates. So, cobalt and nickel nanopillars are fabricated into these templates by DC electrodeposition. The resulting nanostructure remains on the aluminium substrate. In this way, this method could be used to fabricate a wide range of nanostructures which could be integrated in new nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Santos
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - L Vojkuvka
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - J Pallarés
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - J Ferré-Borrull
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - LF Marsal
- Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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