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Almeida LO, Silva LC, Emerick C, Amorim Dos Santos J, Castilho RM, Squarize CH. Head and neck cancer stem cell maintenance relies on mTOR signaling, specifically involving the mechanistic target of rapamycin complexes 1 and 2 (mTORC1 and mTORC2). Arch Oral Biol 2024; 157:105840. [PMID: 37939517 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging evidence suggests that the modest response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to treatment is associated with cancer stem cells (CSC). However, the signaling pathways that play a role in HNSCC CSC maintenance and therapy response are not well-understood. In this study, we investigate the response of CSCs to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) modulation and its potential dependency on the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. DESIGN PTEN deficiency was stably induced using short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Downregulation of RPTOR/mTORC1 and RICTOR/mTORC2 was achieved using small interfering RNA (siRNA). CSCs were evaluated through tumorsphere formation and were classified into various subtypes: parasphere, merosphere, and holosphere. We investigated the effect of rapamycin on CSC properties in both control and PTEN-deficient HNSCC cells. RESULTS PTEN deficiency led to an accumulation of CSCs and enhanced a favorable response to rapamycin treatment. The viability of HNSCC CSCs was dependent on mTOR signaling. Deficiencies in both mTORC1 and mTORC2 reduced the number of CSCs. However, CSCs with PTEN deficiency had a greater reliance on mTORC1 signaling. Interestingly, when considering CSC subtypes, a deficiency in mTORC2 led to an increased number of paraspheres in both the control and PTEN-deficient groups. CONCLUSIONS Loss of PTEN signaling increased the HNSCC CSC population, which can be targeted by rapamycin. However, the mTORC2 deficiency can induce a problematic selection of paraspheres CSCs subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana O Almeida
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Basic and Oral Biology, University of Sao Paulo School of Dentistry, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan César Silva
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Emerick
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Amorim Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rogerio M Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cristiane H Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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2
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Silva LC, Leite AA, Borgato GB, Wagner VP, Martins MD, Loureiro FJA, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, Sperandio M, de Castro Junior G, Kowalski LP, Squarize CH, Castilho RM, Vargas PA. Oral squamous cell carcinoma cancer stem cells have different drug sensitive to pharmacological NFκB and histone deacetylation inhibition. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:6038-6050. [PMID: 38187064 PMCID: PMC10767341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite many progresses in the development of new systemic therapies for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the five-year survival rate of OSCC is low. The traditional chemotherapies approach (cisplatin - CDDP) shows some limitations like drug toxicity, limited efficacy, and drug resistance. Promising studies suggested OSCC cancer stem cells (CSC) presented resistance to CDDP. We have previously studied many targets, and we extensively showed the efficacy of the NFκB signaling and the role of histones acetylation, on different malignant tumors, including adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, but until then the effects of the NFkB inhibitor and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor on the biology of OSCC were not evaluated. Here we assessed the pharmacological inhibitor of NFκB emetine and HDAC inhibitor SAHA on the behavior of CSC derived from OSCC. Our data suggested that CDDP administration resulted in reduced viability of bulk OSCC cells and increased CSC. A single and isolated shot of emetine and SAHA were able to disrupt CSC by inhibiting the NFκB pathway and increasing the histone acetylation levels, respectively. Further, the combined administration of emetine and SAHA presented the same CSC disruption as seen in emetine alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan César Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amanda Almeida Leite
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of SheffieldSheffield, SY, UK
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, SP, Brazil
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sperandio
- Department of Oral Pathology & Medicine, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental Institute and Research CenterCampinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilberto de Castro Junior
- Serviço de Oncologia Clínica, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School and Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology Department, AC Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Silva LC, Faustino ISP, Ramos JC, Colafemina ACE, Di Pauli-Paglioni M, Leite AA, Santos-Silva AR, Lopes MA, Vargas PA. The importance of early treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma: Case report. Oral Oncol 2023; 144:106442. [PMID: 37356209 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage, with the five-year survival rate varying around 50%, however, ifs the sooner OSCC in early-stage is treated, the lower the chances of recurrence and death. In this study, we described an OSCC diagnosed early, highlighting how the early surgical excision prevents the morbidity. CASE REPORT A 74-year-old man presented a whitish and symptomatic plaque and a discreet ulcerated area on the right lateral border of the tongue. Due to close contact with the second inferior molar, a clinical diagnosis of a frictional keratosis was suspected, however as the lesion persisted after two weeks of follow-up, an incisional biopsy was performed and the microscopic features revealed an OSCC. Early surgical resection was performed, preventing the morbidity and improve benefits to patient. CONCLUSION OSCC can manifest of several clinical forms, including indolent appearances, which can delay the diagnosis, and consequently the prognosis. Further, it is important to recognize and not neglect any intraoral lesions, in order to avoid the far more invasive surgery that a more advance disease would imply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan César Silva
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel Schausltz Pereira Faustino
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joab Cabral Ramos
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Evangelista Colafemina
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Di Pauli-Paglioni
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Almeida Leite
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Leite AA, Pires TDL, Silva LC, Penafort PVM, Vargas PA. Lobulated nodule arising on the tongue in a young patient. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1379-1381. [PMID: 37075058 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Almeida Leite
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tulio de Lucena Pires
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan César Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Victor Mendes Penafort
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Silva LC, Borgato GB, Wagner VP, Martins MD, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, De Castro G, Kowalski LP, Squarize CH, Vargas PA, Castilho RM. Repurposing NFκB and HDAC inhibitors to individually target cancer stem cells and non-cancer stem cells from mucoepidermoid carcinomas. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:1547-1559. [PMID: 37168350 PMCID: PMC10164805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a major obstacle in the treatment of mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) leading to tumor recurrence, disease progression, and metastasis. Emerging evidence suggests that drug resistance is mediated by the presence of a highly adaptative subpopulation of cancer cells known as cancer stem cells (CSC). We have previously reported that solid tumors use NFkB signaling as a chemotherapy-resistant mechanism. We have also shown that interfering with the epigenome of solid tumors is an effective strategy to control the population of CSC. Here, we sought to investigate the effects of the NFkB inhibitor emetine and the HDAC inhibitor SAHA on the biology of MEC CSC and assessed whether this combination therapy would favor the standard of care therapy comprised of the administration of Cisplatin (CDDP). Our findings suggested that the administration of low concentrations of emetine and SAHA is more effective in disrupting CSC in MEC, while the administration of emetine in combination with CDDP constitutes an effective therapy to target non-CSC MEC tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan César Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gabriell Bonifácio Borgato
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of SheffieldSheffield, UK
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto De Castro
- Serviço de Oncologia Clínica, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Sao Paulo Medical School and Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology Department, A C Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Helena Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of CampinasPiracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Rocha GZ, Borgato GB, Silva LC, Wagner VP, Martins MD, Castilho RM, Vargas PA. COMBINATION OF HDAC AND NF-KB INHIBITORS DEPLET CANCER STEM CELL POPULATION AND SENSITIZE HNSCC TO CHEMOTHERAPY. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2022.01.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Cabral Ramos J, César Silva L, Schausltz Pereira Faustino I, Carolina Evangelista Colafemina A, de Pauli Paglioni M, Almeida Leite A, Roger Santos-Silva A, Agustin Vargas P, Ajudarte Lopes M. A rare case of squamous cell carcinoma of the gingiva: A diagnostic challenge. Oral Oncol 2022; 132:105995. [PMID: 35759858 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of the gingiva represents less than 6% of intraoral carcinomas. CASE REPORT A 51-year-old male patient presented with a history of a symptomatic red spot with periods of remission and recurrence in the mandibular gingiva. On clinical examination red and white areas were observed in the gingiva, particularly around the left lower molars. Diagnosis of gingival lichen planus was suspected and topical corticosteroids was prescribed. A good clinical response was observed with reduction of symptom. The patient remained in regular follow-up and after 9 months, the lesion suddenly changed, became ulcerated and diagnosis of OSCC was established. CONCLUSION The clinical manifestation of OSCC can eventually mimic other even more common lesions of the oral mucosa, highlighting the importance of considering OSCC as differential diagnosis of any unexplained and persistent lesion in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joab Cabral Ramos
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan César Silva
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel Schausltz Pereira Faustino
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Evangelista Colafemina
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Pauli Paglioni
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Almeida Leite
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Silva LC, Faustino ISP, Cantadori GR, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA, Lopes MA. Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS) arising in the sublingual gland: Rare case report and follow-up. Oral Oncol 2022; 126:105754. [PMID: 35123257 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (AdCaNOS) is a rare malignant salivary gland tumor that occurs with higher frequency in the parotid gland of male patients. In this study, we described a second case of AdCaNOS arising in the sublingual gland, in a female patient with 39 years of age, highlighting the clinical, radiographic, microscopic, treatment features and follow-up. CASE REPORT A 39-year-old female patient presented a fibroelastic nodule with a yellowish coloration, in the left region of the floor of mouth, measuring about 4.0 cm in its largest diameter. An incisional biopsy was performed and the main microscopic features revealed an infiltrative lesion with glandular differentiation organized in cystic spaces, where neoplastic cells secreting eosinophilic material were observed. The tumor showed immunopositivity for pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3), keratins 7 (CK7) and 14 (CK14), and negativity for p63. The proliferation level measured by Ki-67 marker was considered higher. The patient underwent radical surgical resection, but unfortunately, she developed local recurrence, lymph node mestastasis and died 1.5 year after diagnosis. CONCLUSION Although rare in the sublingual gland, particularly at this age, AdCaNOS can occur and early diagnosis and early treatment are essential for a better prognosis and survival rates of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan César Silva
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel Schausltz Pereira Faustino
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Rossi Cantadori
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Oral Semiology and Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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9
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Silva LC, Borgato GB, Wagner VP, Martins MD, Rocha GZ, Lopes MA, Santos-Silva AR, de Castro Júnior G, Kowalski LP, Nor JE, Squarize CH, Castilho RM, Vargas PA. Cephaeline is an inductor of histone H3 acetylation and inhibitor of mucoepidermoid carcinoma cancer stem cells. J Oral Pathol Med 2021; 51:553-562. [PMID: 34661317 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the potential use of Cephaeline as a therapeutic strategy to manage mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) of the salivary glands. MATERIAL AND METHODS UM-HMC-1, UM-HMC-2, and UM-HMC-3A MEC cell lines were used to establish the effects of Cephaeline over tumor viability determined by MTT assay. In vitro wound healing scratch assays were performed to address cellular migration while immunofluorescence staining for histone H3 lysine 9 (H3k9ac) was used to identify the acetylation status of tumor cells upon Cephaeline administration. The presence of cancer stem cells was evaluated by the identification of ALDH enzymatic activity by flow cytometry and through functional assays using in vitro tumorsphere formation. RESULTS A single administration of Cephaeline resulted in reduced viability of MEC cells along with the halt on tumor growth and cellular migration potential. Administration of Cephaeline resulted in chromatin histone acetylation as judged by the increased levels of H3K9ac and disruption of tumorspheres formation. Interestingly, ALDH levels were increased in UM-HMC-1 and UM-HMC-3A cell lines, while UM-HMC-2 showed a reduced enzymatic activity. CONCLUSION Cephaeline has shown anti-cancer properties in all MEC cell lines tested by regulating tumor cells' viability, migration, proliferation, and disrupting the ability of cancer cells to generate tumorspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan César Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Zweig Rocha
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto de Castro Júnior
- Clinical Oncology Service, São Paulo State Cancer Institute (ICESP), School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology Department, A C Camargo Cancer Center, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacques E Nor
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Cristiane H Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Carreira AC, Santos TC, Lone MA, Zupančič E, Lloyd-Evans E, de Almeida RFM, Hornemann T, Silva LC. Mammalian sphingoid bases: Biophysical, physiological and pathological properties. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100995. [PMID: 31445071 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sphingoid bases encompass a group of long chain amino alcohols which form the essential structure of sphingolipids. Over the last years, these amphiphilic molecules were moving more and more into the focus of biomedical research due to their role as bioactive molecules. In fact, free sphingoid bases interact with specific receptors and target molecules and have been associated with numerous biological and physiological processes. In addition, they can modulate the biophysical properties of biological membranes. Several human diseases are related to pathological changes in the structure and metabolism of sphingoid bases. Yet, the mechanisms underlying their biological and pathophysiological actions remain elusive. Within this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the biochemical and biophysical properties of the most common sphingoid bases and to discuss their importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Carreira
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB) e Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Sir Martin Evans Building, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - T C Santos
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CQFM-IN) and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M A Lone
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Zupančič
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - E Lloyd-Evans
- Sir Martin Evans Building, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - R F M de Almeida
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB) e Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - T Hornemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CQFM-IN) and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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11
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Sousa JB, Ramos-Jesus J, Silva LC, Pereira C, de-Los-Santos-Álvarez N, Fonseca RAS, Miranda-Castro R, Delerue-Matos C, Santos Júnior JR, Barroso MF. Fe 3O 4@Au nanoparticles-based magnetoplatform for the HMGA maize endogenous gene electrochemical genosensing. Talanta 2019; 206:120220. [PMID: 31514891 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work addresses a technological advance applied to the construction of a magnetogenoassay with electrochemical transduction for the maize taxon-specific (HMGA gene) detection using gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles as nanosized platform. Superparamagnetic core-shell Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles (10.4 ± 1.7 nm) were used to assemble the genoassay through the covalent immobilization of HMGA DNA probes onto carboxylated self-assembled monolayers at the nanoparticles surface. A hybridization reaction using sandwich format was selected to prevent inefficient hybridization connected with stable secondary DNA structures using also fluorescein isothiocyanate as DNA signaling tag. The labelling of the hybridization reaction with enzymes allowed the chronoamperometric measurement of the peroxidase activity linked to the nanoplatform located on gold surface. Using this electrochemical magnetogenoassay a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 5 nM and a LOD of 90 pM with a RSD <1.2% was calculated. Certified maize was evaluated without further purification after PCR amplification. This work highlights the efficacy of the electrochemical magnetogenoassay for the HMGA detection, showing its potential as alternative procedure for the verification of the compliance of the legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Beatriz Sousa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - RENORBIO, Pró-reitoria de pesquisa e pós-graduação, Universidade Federal do Piauí - UFPI, Teresina, Brasil; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joilson Ramos-Jesus
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, UFPI, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - L C Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB/UPE, Recife, Brazil
| | - C Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - R Miranda-Castro
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - C Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J Ribeiro Santos Júnior
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - RENORBIO, Pró-reitoria de pesquisa e pós-graduação, Universidade Federal do Piauí - UFPI, Teresina, Brasil
| | - M Fátima Barroso
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Carreira AC, Santos TC, Lone MA, Zupančič E, Lloyd-Evans E, de Almeida RFM, Hornemann T, Silva LC. Mammalian sphingoid bases: Biophysical, physiological and pathological properties. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 75:100988. [PMID: 31132366 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sphingoid bases encompass a group of long chain amino alcohols which form the essential structure of sphingolipids. Over the last years, these amphiphilic molecules were moving more and more into the focus of biomedical research due to their role as bioactive molecules. In fact, free sphingoid bases interact with specific receptors and target molecules, and have been associated with numerous biological and physiological processes. In addition, they can modulate the biophysical properties of biological membranes. Several human diseases are related to pathological changes in the structure and metabolism of sphingoid bases. Yet, the mechanisms underlying their biological and pathophysiological actions remain elusive. Within this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the biochemical and biophysical properties of the most common sphingoid bases and to discuss their importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Carreira
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal; Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB) e Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal; Sir Martin Evans Building, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - T C Santos
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CQFM-IN), IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M A Lone
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Zupančič
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal
| | - E Lloyd-Evans
- Sir Martin Evans Building, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - R F M de Almeida
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB) e Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - T Hornemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CQFM-IN), IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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13
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Lone MA, Santos T, Alecu I, Silva LC, Hornemann T. 1-Deoxysphingolipids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:512-521. [PMID: 30625374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) are fundamental components of eukaryotic cells. 1-Deoxysphingolipids differ structurally from canonical SLs as they lack the essential C1-OH group. Consequently, 1-deoxysphingolipids cannot be converted to complex sphingolipids and are not degraded over the canonical catabolic pathways. Pathologically elevated 1-deoxySLs are involved in several disease conditions. Within this review, we will provide an up-to-date overview on the metabolic, physiological and pathophysiological aspects of this enigmatic class of "headless" sphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Lone
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Santos
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland; iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - I Alecu
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, India Taylor Lipidomic Research Platform, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - L C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - T Hornemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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14
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Silva LC, Nogueira TE, Rios LF, Schimmel M, Leles CR. Reliability of a two-colour chewing gum test to assess masticatory performance in complete denture wearers. J Oral Rehabil 2018; 45:301-307. [PMID: 29356092 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the reliability of a method to measure the masticatory performance of complete denture wearers employing a colour-mixing ability test and assessment by visual and electronic colourimetric analysis. A sample of 75 subjects was selected from patients who received new conventional complete dentures. Masticatory tests were performed using a two-colour chewing gum that was masticated for 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 chewing cycles, performed in a random order. The mixing level of the two colours of the chewed gum was assessed visually by two independent raters based on a 5-point ordinal scale. The specimens were flattened into a 1-mm-width wafer, scanned and saved as a two-sided digital image. Each pair of images was submitted to an electronic colourimetric analysis to assess the level of colour mixture, measured by the circular variance of hue (VOH). Overall inter- and intra-rater agreements in visual analysis were 64% and 68%, respectively (almost 99% of scores ranged within ±1 point), whilst overall weighted kappa was >0.80. A proportional increase in the level of mixture occurred with increased number of chewing cycles (P < .001). Similarly, VOH and the visual analysis were highly correlated (r = -.89; P < .001). Bland-Altman plots revealed excellent agreement and extremely low systematic error between duplicated VOH measures. It was concluded that the two-colour chewing gum test is a reliable method to assess the masticatory performance in complete denture wearers using both visual and electronic colourimetric analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Silva
- Department of Prevention and Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | - T E Nogueira
- Department of Prevention and Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | - L F Rios
- Department of Prevention and Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | - M Schimmel
- Division of Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - C R Leles
- Department of Prevention and Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
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15
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Moura LIF, Martinho N, Silva LC, Barata TS, Brocchini S, Florindo HF, Zloh M. Poly-glutamic dendrimer-based conjugates for cancer vaccination - a computational design for targeted delivery of antigens. J Drug Target 2017; 25:873-880. [PMID: 28795601 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1363213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Computational techniques are useful to predict interaction models and molecular properties for the design of drug delivery systems, such as dendrimers. This work evaluated the impact of surface modifications of mannosamine-conjugated multifunctional poly(glutamic acid) (PG)-dendrimers as nanocarriers of the tumour associated antigens (TAA) MART-1, gp100:44 and gp100:209. Molecular dynamics simulations and docking studies were performed. Nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD)-PG-G4-dendrimer displayed 64 carboxylic groups, however, the Frontier Molecular Orbital Theory study evidenced that only 32 of those were available to form covalent bonds. When the number of mannosamines conjugated to dendrimer was increased from 16 to 32, the dendrimer interacted with the receptor with higher affinity. However, 16 mannosamines-NBD-PG-G4-dendrimer was chosen to conjugate TAA for added functionality as no carboxylic end groups were available for further conjugation in the 32 mannosamines-dendrimer. Docking results showed that the majority of TAA-conjugated NBD-PG-G4-dendrimer demonstrated a favourable interaction with mannosamine binding site on mannose receptor, thus constituting a promising tool for TAA targeted delivery. Our in silico approach effectively narrows down the selection of the best candidates for the synthesis of functionalised PG-dendrimers with desired functionalities. These results will significantly reduce the time and efforts required to experimentally synthesise modified dendrimers for optimal antigen delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- L I F Moura
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal.,b School of Life and Medical Sciences , University of Hertfordshire , Hatfield , UK
| | - N Martinho
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal.,b School of Life and Medical Sciences , University of Hertfordshire , Hatfield , UK.,c Department of Pharmaceutics , UCL School of Pharmacy , London , UK
| | - L C Silva
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal.,d Centro de Química-Física Molecular and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - T S Barata
- c Department of Pharmaceutics , UCL School of Pharmacy , London , UK
| | - S Brocchini
- c Department of Pharmaceutics , UCL School of Pharmacy , London , UK
| | - H F Florindo
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
| | - M Zloh
- b School of Life and Medical Sciences , University of Hertfordshire , Hatfield , UK
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16
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Moura LM, Carneiro PCS, Vale NM, Barili LD, Silva LC, Carneiro JES, Cruz CD. Diallel analysis to choose parents for black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8574. [PMID: 27706653 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In this study, conducted in two different seasons, we aimed to choose parents to obtain promising segregating populations for the extraction of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines that are superior in terms of disease resistance, plant architecture, and grain yield. Twelve parents were arranged in two groups to compose a partial diallel in a 5 x 7 scheme. Group 1 was composed of parents with black grains and erect plant architecture, while group 2 was composed of parents that had carioca grains and were resistant to the main fungal diseases that occur in the common bean. The following traits were evaluated: severity of angular leaf spot (ALS), plant architecture (PAG), and grain yield (YIELD). The data were analyzed according to a partial diallel model using parents and F1 hybrids. In the genetic control of ALS and PAG, additive effects were predominant, while for YIELD, additive effects were predominant in one season and dominance effects were in another season, because it is a more complex trait than ALS and PAG. For YIELD, we observed an interaction between general combining ability and specific combining ability between seasons. The genes that control ALS, PAG, and YIELD were in eight of the 12 parents evaluated in the diallel. The cultivar 'BRS Estilo' is suitable to use as a parent in common bean breeding in terms of ALS, PAG and YIELD. Recurrent selection is the most recommended option for simultaneously breeding for PAG, YIELD, and resistance to angular leaf spot in bean culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Moura
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | - P C S Carneiro
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
| | - N M Vale
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - L D Barili
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - L C Silva
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - J E S Carneiro
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - C D Cruz
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
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17
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Silva LC, Batista RO, Anjos RSR, Souza MH, Carneiro PCS, Souza TLPO, Barros EG, Carneiro JES. Morphoagronomic characterization and genetic diversity of a common bean RIL mapping population derived from the cross Rudá x AND 277. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8112. [PMID: 27525881 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) are a valuable resource for building genetic linkage maps. The presence of genetic variability in the RILs is essential for detecting associations between molecular markers and loci controlling agronomic traits of interest. The main goal of this study was to quantify the genetic diversity of a common bean RIL population derived from a cross between Rudá (Mesoamerican gene pool) and AND 277 (Andean gene pool). This population was developed by the single seed descent method from 500 F2 plants until the F10 generation. Seven quantitative traits were evaluated in the field in 393 RILs, the parental lines, and five control cultivars. The plants were grown using a randomized block design with additional controls and three replicates. Significant differences were observed among the RILs for all evaluated traits (P < 0.01). A comparison of the RILs and parental lines showed significant differences (P < 0.01) for the number of days to flowering (DFL) and to harvest (DH), productivity (PROD) and mass of 100 beans (M100); however, there were no significant differences for plant architecture, degree of seed flatness, or seed shape. These results indicate the occurrence of additive x additive epistatic interactions for DFL, DH, PROD, and M100. The 393 RILs were shown to fall into 10 clusters using Tocher's method. This RIL population clearly contained genetic variability for the evaluated traits, and this variability will be crucial for future studies involving genetic mapping and quantitative trait locus identification and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - R O Batista
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - R S R Anjos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - M H Souza
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - P C S Carneiro
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - T L P O Souza
- Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brasil
| | - E G Barros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - J E S Carneiro
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
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Amador M, Silva LC, Uriburu G, Otaduy M, Valdés F. Breastfeeding trends in Cuba. World Rev Nutr Diet 2015; 78:139-63. [PMID: 7495142 DOI: 10.1159/000424479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Amador
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Ministry of Public Health, Havana, Cuba
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19
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Borges AB, Zanatta RF, Barros ACSM, Silva LC, Pucci CR, Torres CRG. Effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on enamel color and microhardness. Oper Dent 2014; 40:96-101. [PMID: 25136902 DOI: 10.2341/13-371-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide gels with different concentrations (20%, 25%, 30%, and 35%) on enamel Knoop microhardness (KNH) as well as on changes in dental color (C). METHODS Cylindrical specimens of enamel/dentin (3-mm diameter and 2-mm thickness) were obtained from bovine incisors and randomly divided into six groups (n=20), according to the concentration of the whitening gel (20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, control, thickener). After polishing, initial values of KNH0 and color measurement, assessed by spectrophotometry using the CIE L*a*b* system, were taken from the enamel surface. The gels were applied on the enamel surface for 30 minutes, and immediate values of KNHi were taken. After seven days of being stored in artificial saliva, new measures of KNH7 and color (L7* a7* b7*, for calculating ΔE, ΔL, and Δb) were made. Data were submitted to statistical analysis of variance, followed by Tukey test (p<0.05). RESULTS Differences in gel concentration and time did not influence the microhardness (p=0.54 and p=0.29, respectively). In relation to color changes, ΔE data showed that the 35% gel presented a higher color alteration than the 20% gel did (p=0.006). CONCLUSION Bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide gel was more effective than with the 20% gel, without promoting significant adverse effects on enamel surface microhardness.
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Farnese FS, Oliveira JA, Lima FS, Leão GA, Gusman GS, Silva LC. Evaluation of the potential of Pistia stratiotes L. (water lettuce) for bioindication and phytoremediation of aquatic environments contaminated with arsenic. BRAZ J BIOL 2014; 74:S108-12. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Specimens of Pistia stratiotes were subjected to five concentrations of arsenic (As) for seven days. Growth, As absorption, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, photosynthetic pigments, enzymatic activities, amino acids content and anatomical changes were assessed. Plant arsenic accumulation increased with increasing metalloid in the solution, while growth rate and photosynthetic pigment content decreased. The MDA content increased, indicating oxidative stress. Enzymatic activity and amino acids content increased at the lower doses of As, subsequently declining in the higher concentrations. Chlorosis and necrosis were observed in the leaves. Leaves showed starch accumulation and increased thickness of the mesophyll. In the root system, there was a loss and darkening of roots. Cell layers formed at the insertion points on the root stems may have been responsible for the loss of roots. These results indicate that water lettuce shows potential for bioindication and phytoremediation of As-contaminated aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- FS Farnese
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Brazil
| | - JA Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Brazil
| | - FS Lima
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro – UFTM, Brazil
| | - GA Leão
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Brazil
| | - GS Gusman
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Brazil
| | - LC Silva
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Brazil
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Silva LC, Paiva R, Swennen R, Andre E, Panis B. Shoot-tip cryopreservation by droplet vitrification of Byrsonima intermedia A. Juss.: a woody tropical and medicinal plant species from Brazilian cerrado. Cryo Letters 2013; 34:338-348. [PMID: 23995401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation of plant species is poorly investigated in Brazil. The aim of this study was to cryopreserve Byrsonima intermedia shoot apical meristems through droplet vitrification. A culture medium for shoot-tips growth was established using the Woody Plant Medium supplemented with 2.22 uM 6-benzylaminopurine. Excised shoot-tips were subjected to pre-culture and/or post-culture treatments on Murashige and Skoog medium with 0.3 M sucrose for 24 h prior dehydration on PVS2 at 0°C for 15, 30 or 45 minutes prior to plunging in liquid nitrogen. The effect of 15 days of shoot pre-growth on a high osmotic medium (0.3 M sucrose or 0.21 M sorbitol + 0.09 M sucrose) prior to meristem excision and cryopreservation was also investigated. Pre-culturing shoot-tips on 0.3 M sucrose for 24 h prior to cryopreservation increased the regrowth level after thawing to 90%. Shoot-tips excised from shoots pre-grown on MS + 0.21 M sorbitol + 0.09 M sucrose for 15 days presented a satisfactory regrowth level (67%).
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Silva
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brasil.
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Vicentine FPP, Herbella FAM, Allaix ME, Silva LC, Patti MG. Comparison of idiopathic achalasia and Chagas' disease esophagopathy at the light of high-resolution manometry. Dis Esophagus 2013; 27:128-33. [PMID: 23795824 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The comparison between idiopathic achalasia (IA) and Chagas' disease esophagopathy (CDE) may evaluate if treatment options and their outcomes can be accepted universally. This study aims to compare IA and CDE at the light of high-resolution manometry. We studied 86 patients with achalasia: 45 patients with CDE (54% females, mean age 55 years) and 41 patients with IA (58% females, mean age 49 years). All patients underwent high-resolution manometry. Upper esophageal sphincter parameters were similar (basal pressure CDE = 72 ± 45 mmHg, IA = 82 ± 57 mmHg; residual pressure CDE = 9.9 ± 9.9 mmHg, IA = 9.8 ± 7.5 mmHg). In the body of the esophagus, the amplitude was higher in the IA group than the CDE group at 3 cm (CDE = 15 ± 14 mm Hg, IA = 42 ± 52 mmHg, P = 0.003) and 7 cm (CDE = 16 ± 15 mmHg, IA = 36 ± 57 mmHg, P = 0.04) above the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES basal pressure (CDE = 17 ± 16 mmHg, IA = 40 ± 22 mmHg, P < 0.001) and residual pressure (CDE = 12 ± 11 mmHg, IA = 27 ± 13 mmHg, P < 0.001) were also higher in the IA group. Our results show that: (i) there is no difference in regards to the upper esophageal sphincter; (ii) higher pressures of the esophageal body are noticed in patients with IA; and (iii) basal and residual pressures of the LES are lower in patients with CDE. Our results did not show expressive manometric differences between IA and CDE. Some differences may be attributed to a more pronounced esophageal dilatation in patients with CDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P P Vicentine
- Department of Surgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Carvalho MA, Arcanjo K, Silva LC, Borojevic R. The capacity of connective tissue stromas to sustain myelopoiesis depends both upon the growth factors and the local intercellular environment. Biol Cell 2012; 92:605-14. [PMID: 11374439 DOI: 10.1016/s0248-4900(01)01113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In adults, haemopoiesis is located in the bone marrow, where it is tightly regulated by cytokines and by a physical association of haemopoietic progenitors with the stroma. However, in pathological situations, haemopoiesis can be partly or fully dislodged to peripheral tissues. It is not clear which are the requirements for a given peripheral stroma to sustain haemopoiesis. Using the growth factor-dependent cell line FDC-P1, we have compared the myelopoietic capacities of a murine bone marrow-derived cell line S17, a liver inflammatory granuloma-derived stroma (GR) that sustains haemopoiesis, and normal skin fibroblasts (SF) that sustain neither survival nor proliferation of myeloid cells. All three stromas expressed mRNA for major haemopoietins with the exception of IL-3. Despite the incapacity of SF to sustain FDC-P1 cells, the biologically active GM-CSF could be recovered from all the studied stromas by treatment with high-salt buffers that release non-covalently bound molecules from stroma cells. Glycosaminoglycans purified from stromas had distinct effect on the GM-CSF-mediated proliferation of FDC-P1 cells: those purified from S17 and GR cells were stimulatory, whereas those obtained from SF cells were slightly stimulatory at low concentration, but inhibitory at the higher ones. We conclude that the quality of the stroma pericellular glycoconjugates is determinant for the ability of a given stroma to sustain myelopoiesis, even when biologically active haemopoietins are locally produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Carvalho
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Rasmussen LT, Labio RWD, C Neto A, Silva LC, Queiroz VF, Smith MAC, Payão SLM. Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsies, saliva and dental plaques of dyspeptic patients from Marília, São Paulo, Brazil: presence of vacA and cagA genes. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1678-91992012000200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Silva LC, Sanches AA, Gregori F, Brandão PE, Alfieri AA, Headley SA, Jerez JA. First description of group A rotavirus from fecal samples of ostriches (Struthio camelus). Res Vet Sci 2011; 93:1066-9. [PMID: 22209018 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence of rotavirus infections in ostriches (Struthio camelus) reared in Northern Paraná, Brazil. Fecal (n=66) and serum (n=182) samples from nine farms located in four different cities were analyzed by silver stained-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (ss-PAGE), RT-PCR assay, virus isolation, and counterimmunoelectroosmophoresis (CIE). Rotavirus group A seropositivity occurred in 5.49% (10/182) of serum samples of ostriches originated from two farms. Only 9.09% (6/66) of fecal samples from ostriches with diarrhea maintained in one farm were positive by ss-PAGE, RT-PCR, and virus isolation. The G (VP7) and P (VP4) genotypes of rotavirus wild strains isolated in cell culture were determined by multiplex-nested PCR. The genotyping identified two rotavirus strains: G6P[1] and G10P[1]. In three rotavirus strains it was only possible to identify the P type; one strain being P[1] and two strains that presented the combination of P[1]+P[7]. These findings might represent the first characterization of rotavirus in ostriches, and the finding of porcine and bovine-like rotavirus genotypes in ostriches might suggest virus reassortment and possible interspecies transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Silva
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Arapongas, PR, Brazil
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Abstract
An unbuffered layer of acidity that escapes neutralization by food has been demonstrated in volunteers and gastroesophageal reflux disease patients. This postprandial proximal gastric acid pocket (PPGAP) is manometrically defined by the presence of acid reading (pH<4) in a segment of the proximal stomach between nonacid segments distally (food) and proximally (lower esophageal sphincter or distal esophagus). The PPGAP may have important clinical implications; however, it is still poorly understood. Gastric anatomy and physiology seem to be important elements for PPGAP genesis. Gastric operations and acid suppression medications may decrease distal - proximal intragastric acid reflux and help control gastroesophageal reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A M Herbella
- Department of Surgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND An unbuffered postprandial proximal gastric acid pocket (PPGAP) has been noticed in the majority of normal individuals and patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. The role of gastric anatomy, specifically the antrum, in the physiology of the PPGAP is not yet fully elucidated. This study aims to analyze the presence of PPGAP in patients submitted to distal gastrectomy. METHODS A total of 15 patients who had a distal gastrectomy plus DII lymphadenectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction for gastric adenocarcinoma (mean age 64.3±8.4 years, 12 females) were studied. All patients were free of foregut symptoms after the operation. Patients underwent a high-resolution manometry. A station pull-through pH monitoring was performed from 5cm below the lower border of the lower esophageal sphincter (LBLES) to the LBLES in increments of 1cm in a fasting state and 10min after a standardized fatty meal. Postprandial proximal gastric acid pocket was defined by the presence of acid reading (pH<4) in a segment of the proximal stomach between non-acid segments distally (food) and proximally (LBLES). The PPGAP extent was recorded. The protocol was approved by local ethics committee. Key Results Acidity was not detected in the stomach of nine patients before meal. After meal, PPGAP was not found in three patients. In three patients (20%), a PPGAP was noted with an extension of 1, 1 and 3cm. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES In conclusion, PPGAP is present in a minority of patients after distal gastrectomy; this finding may suggest that the gastric antrum may play a role in the genesis of the PPGAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A M Herbella
- Department of Surgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Santos RM, Negreiros NF, Silva LC, Rocha O, Santos-Wisniewski MJ. Biomass and production of Cladocera in Furnas Reservoir, Minas Gerais, Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2011; 70:879-87. [PMID: 21085793 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842010000400019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary production of zooplankton, the main energy pathway in many aquatic ecosystems, is crucial to an Understanding of functioning of these systems function. In this study, we analyzed the magnitude and seasonal variations of the population density, biomass and secondary production of Cladocera in the Furnas Reservoir (Brazil). Samples were carried out monthly at 6 points in the reservoir, from August 2006 to July 2007. Main physical and chemical variables in the water column were measured in situ. Data on density, biomass and development times were obtained and used to calculate the secondary production of eight Cladocera species. The total production of Cladocera varied from 0.02 to 28.6 mgDWm-3.day-1, among the sampling sites. The highest values were recorded in spring and summer months (September to January), and were correlated to the increase in the biomass of the phytoplankton. The mean production:biomass ratio was 0.32. The level of production in Furnas Reservoir fell within the range of those reported in the literature and was of the same order of magnitude of the production values recorded for oligotrophic reservoirs. Cladocera production differed spatially inside the Sapucaí compartment and also in the temporal scale, seasonally.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Santos
- Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos – UFSCar, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, CP 676, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Santos-Wisniewski MJ, Silva LC, Leone IC, Laudares-Silva R, Rocha O. First record of the occurrence of Ceratium furcoides (Levander) Langhans 1925, an invasive species in the hydroelectricity power plant Furnas Reservoir, MG, Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2007; 67:791-3. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842007000400033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - LC Silva
- Federal University of Alfenas, Brazil
| | - IC Leone
- Federal University of Alfenas, Brazil
| | | | - O Rocha
- Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil
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Lobo Gatti L, Zambaldi Tunes M, de Lábio RW, Silva LC, de Arruda Cardoso Smith M, Marques Payão SL. Interleukin-6 polymorphism and Helicobacter pylori infection in Brazilian adult patients with chronic gastritis. Clin Exp Med 2005; 5:112-6. [PMID: 16284733 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-005-0074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2005] [Accepted: 06/22/2005] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is recognised as the most common cause of chronic active gastritis and this bacterium is also an important pathogenic factor in peptic ulcer disease. The biological factors that influence clinical outcome in H. pylori infection have been extensively studied. In addition to immunological factors in the host, bacterial virulence determinants in H. pylori strains are likely to play a crucial role in gastric cancer development. Singlenucleotide polymorphisms at the 5' flanking region of the interleukin (IL)-6 gene promoter (G or C at -174 base) have been identified and individuals with the G allele at position -174 have been shown to produce higher levels of IL-6 than those with the C/C genotype. The mucosal levels of IL-6 were reported to be increased in H. pylori-associated gastritis. The present study was conducted to examine any relationship between inflammatory cytokine polymorphisms and the inflammatory process in mucosa infected by H. pylori. In our study we did not find any association between the C and G alleles in adult patients with chronic gastritis and inflammatory process in gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lobo Gatti
- Hemocentro, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Disciplina de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Rua Lourival Freire 240, 17519-050, Bairro Fragata, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Nobre V, Silva LC, Ribas JG, Rayes A, Serufo JC, Lana-Peixoto MA, Marinho RF, Lambertucci JR. Schistosomal myeloradiculopathy due to Schistosoma mansoni: report on 23 cases. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2002; 96 Suppl:137-41. [PMID: 11586439 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762001000900020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni infection is likely to be responsible for a significant proportion of cases of myelopathy occurring in areas where schistosomiasis is endemic. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data of 23 patients with schistosomal myeloradiculopathy. The medical records of 23 patients with schistosomal myelopathy admitted to two general hospitals of Belo Horizonte (MG), in Brazil, from 1995 to 1999, were reviewed retrospectively. Seventeen patients were male (74%). The mean age for the whole group was 27 years. Lower limb weakness and associated lumbar and/or lower limb pain were reported by 20 patients (87%), and 16 (70%) were unable to walk. All individuals presented urinary retention and 19 (83%) complained of intestinal dysfunction. The treatment was based on the association of antischistosomal drugs and corticosteroids. Five patients (22%) presented a full response to treatment, 13 (57%) partial response without functional limitations and 4 (17%) partial improvement with limitations or no response. Three out of the 4 patients who stopped steroids before 45 days of treatment developed recurrence of the symptoms and signs of myelopathy. Our cases demonstrate the severe presentation of the disease and the data disclosed here suggest that treatment with steroids should be kept for months after clinical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nobre
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130-100, Brasil
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de Medeiros CR, Bleggi-Torres LF, Faoro LN, Reis-Filho JS, Silva LC, de Medeiros BC, Loddo G, Pasquini R. Cavernous sinus thrombosis caused by zygomycosis after unrelated bone marrow transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2001; 3:231-4. [PMID: 11844155 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3062.2001.30407.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Invasive zygomycosis is a devastating fungal infection occurring as an opportunistic infection after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Sinusitis can lead to fungal infection in immunosuppressed patients, and cavernous sinus thrombosis, an uncommon condition in immunocompetent patients, typically follows an infection involving the medial third of the face, nose, or paranasal sinuses. Patients undergoing unrelated-donor BMT (UD-BMT) are prone to develop life-threatening infections because of poor recovery of cellular immunity. Despite adequate clinical evaluation and treatment, the prognosis of patients with invasive fungal infections is dismal, especially when intracerebral structures are affected. We describe a case of a patient who underwent an UD-BMT and developed cavernous sinus thrombosis after sinusitis due to zygomycosis. Moreover, he also had disseminated fungal (Zygomycetes and Aspergillus) and viral (cytomegalovirus and adenovirus) infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R de Medeiros
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Hospital de Clínicas, UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil.
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Ordúñez P, Silva LC, Rodríguez MP, Robles S. Prevalence estimates for hypertension in Latin America and the Caribbean: are they useful for surveillance? Rev Panam Salud Publica 2001; 10:226-31. [PMID: 11715168 DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49892001001000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To apply a recently proposed model and assessment tool created by the authors for critically evaluating the data available on the prevalence of hypertension in LAC and assessing their usefulness for surveillance. METHODS A bibliographic search to identify all publications that estimated the prevalence of hypertension was performed. Each of the papers located was assessed using a critical appraisal tool. RESULTS Of the 58 studies published between 1966 and 2000, only 28 of them (48%) met the critical threshold to be considered useful for surveillance purposes. The distribution of the 28 studies in terms of their usefulness for surveillance was as follows: minimally useful, 16 studies; useful, 8 studies; and very useful, 4 studies. Several methodological shortcomings were identified, from inadequate sampling procedures and sample size to the poor quality of the primary data for planning purposes. DISCUSSION Published studies on the prevalence of hypertension in Latin America and the Caribbean have, as a whole, limited usefulness for surveillance activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ordúñez
- Pan American Health Organization, Division of Disease Prevention and Control, Program on Non-Communicable Diseases, Washington, DC, USA
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Mariano AC, Alexandre GM, Silva LC, Romeiro A, Cameron LC, Chen Y, Chase PB, Sorenson MM. Dimethyl sulphoxide enhances the effects of P(i) in myofibrils and inhibits the activity of rabbit skeletal muscle contractile proteins. Biochem J 2001; 358:627-36. [PMID: 11535124 PMCID: PMC1222097 DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3580627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the catalytic cycle of skeletal muscle, myosin alternates between strongly and weakly bound cross-bridges, with the latter contributing little to sustained tension. Here we describe the action of DMSO, an organic solvent that appears to increase the population of weakly bound cross-bridges that accumulate after the binding of ATP, but before P(i) release. DMSO (5-30%, v/v) reversibly inhibits tension and ATP hydrolysis in vertebrate skeletal muscle myofibrils, and decreases the speed of unregulated F-actin in an in vitro motility assay with heavy meromyosin. In solution, controls for enzyme activity and intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of myosin subfragment 1 (S1) in the presence of different cations indicate that structural changes attributable to DMSO are small and reversible, and do not involve unfolding. Since DMSO depresses S1 and acto-S1 MgATPase activities in the same proportions, without altering acto-S1 affinity, the principal DMSO target apparently lies within the catalytic cycle rather than with actin-myosin binding. Inhibition by DMSO in myofibrils is the same in the presence or the absence of Ca(2+) and regulatory proteins, in contrast with the effects of ethylene glycol, and the Ca(2+) sensitivity of isometric tension is slightly decreased by DMSO. The apparent affinity for P(i) is enhanced markedly by DMSO (and to a lesser extent by ethylene glycol) in skinned fibres, suggesting that DMSO stabilizes cross-bridges that have ADP.P(i) or ATP bound to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Mariano
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590 RJ, Brazil
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Silva LC, Ordúñez P, Paz Rodríguez M, Robles S. A tool for assessing the usefulness of prevalence studies done for surveillance purposes: the example of hypertension. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2001; 10:152-60. [PMID: 11702370 DOI: 10.1590/s1020-49892001000900002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Every year dozens of cross-sectional studies are carried out that estimate the prevalence of risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases. Given that, there is potentially a large amount of information that could be extremely useful for risk factor surveillance. However, there are good reasons to question the methodological rigor and the reliability of the results coming from many of these studies. The potential benefits of the data are curtailed by the studies' shortcomings, in part often because there is no clear and explicit methodological information providing the details needed to assess the procedures that were actually used, as well as a failure to apply a uniform methodology that would allow comparisons over time or across studies. This paper is intended to be both a didactic and practical tool. It describes the construction of an instrument for assessing the usefulness of prevalence studies done within the context of surveillance activities, using the example of hypertension. The paper discusses and illustrates the most common pitfalls found with prevalence studies, and it also offers methodological standards that can guide future prevalence studies as well as stimulate future research efforts in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Silva
- Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Calle G y 25, 6o. piso, Plaza, La Habana, Cuba.
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Abstract
The serious objections made with regard to significance tests account for the necessity of employing another inferential procedure. Bayesian methods are free of such objections, and they provide a very attractive alternative. By means of a simple example, this article illustrates how a typical problem of medical research could be solved using these two approaches. Bayesian methods offer more information and are more useful than conventional ones for analyzing experimental outcomes. In addition, a natural interpretation of conclusions are given by Bayesian methods. Finally, modern computational programs allow us to solve their complex calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Silva
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Posgrado. ISCM/H. La Habana. Cuba
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Landeiro JA, Teixeira LB, Marins Filho J, Silva LC. [Sphenoidotomy approach to the sellar tumors: technical note]. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2001; 59:286-8. [PMID: 11400046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Dissection of mucosa from the nasal septum during transphenoidal approach can lead to significant morbidity. We report our experience with sphenoidotomy approach to the sella. This procedure obviates this dissection and its complication as septal perfurations, anosmy and epistaxis. Sphenoidotomy can be done under the microscopic view, endoscopic techniques and even with headlight. This approach is a safe and effective alternative to traditional or endoscopic exposures to the sella.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Landeiro
- Serviço de Neurocirurgia, Hospital de Força Aérea do Galeão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ
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Onofre GR, Werneck CC, Mendes FA, Garcia-Abreu J, Moura Neto V, Cavalcante LA, Silva LC. Astroglial cells derived from lateral and medial midbrain sectors differ in their synthesis and secretion of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Braz J Med Biol Res 2001; 34:251-8. [PMID: 11175502 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2001000200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Astroglial cells derived from lateral and medial midbrain sectors differ in their abilities to support neuritic growth of midbrain neurons in cocultures. These different properties of the two types of cells may be related to the composition of their extracellular matrix. We have studied the synthesis and secretion of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) by the two cell types under control conditions and beta-D-xyloside-stimulated conditions, that stimulate the ability to synthesize and release GAGs. We have confirmed that both cell types synthesize and secrete heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Only slight differences were observed between the proportions of the two GAGs produced by the two types of cells after a 24-h labeling period. However, a marked difference was observed between the GAGs produced by the astroglial cells derived from lateral and medial midbrain sectors. The medial cells, which contain derivatives of the tectal and tegmental midline radial glia, synthesized and secreted approximately 2.3 times more chondroitin sulfate than lateral cells. The synthesis of heparan sulfate was only slightly modified by the addition of beta-D-xyloside. Overall, these results indicate that astroglial cells derived from the two midbrain sectors have marked differences in their capacity to synthesize chondroitin sulfate. Under in vivo conditions or a long period of in vitro culture, they may produce extracellular matrix at concentrations which may differentially affect neuritic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Onofre
- Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho
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Abstract
We determined the synthesis and secretion of glycosaminoglycans by three distinct preparations of mouse cultured thymic epithelial cells. These comprised primary cultures of thymic nurse cells (TNCs), which are normally located within the cortex of the thymic lobules, as well as two murine thymic epithelial cells, bearing a mixed, yet distinct, cortico-medullary phenotype. We first identified and measured the relative proportions of the various glycosaminoglycans in the three epithelial cells. Non-sulfated glycosaminoglycans are preponderantly secreted by the TNCs, while the sulfated glycans (particularly heparan sulfate) are relatively more abundant on the cell surface. The three types of epithelial cells differ markedly in their heparan sulfate composition, mainly due to different patterns of N- and O-sulfation. In addition, the cells differ in the synthesis and secretion of other glycosaminoglycans. Thus, TNCs secrete high amounts of dermatan sulfate + chondroitin sulfate to the culture medium. IT-76M1 cells secrete high proportions of heparan sulfate while 2BH4 cells show a more equilibrated proportion of dermatan sulfate/chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate. The three epithelial cells also differ in their capacity to produce hyaluronic acid and 2BH4 cells are distinguished by their high rate of synthesis of this glycosaminoglycan. In conclusion, our results show that distinct thymic epithelial cells can synthesize different types of glycosaminoglycans. Although it remains to be definitely determined whether these differences reflect the in vivo situation, our data provide new clues for further understanding of how glycosaminoglycan-mediated interactions behave in the thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Werneck
- Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Martins RC, Lima FR, Werneck CC, Neto VM, Silva LC. Patterns of synthesis and secretion of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in primary cortical and cerebellar astrocytes in vitro. Biol Cell 2000; 92:421-7. [PMID: 11132703 DOI: 10.1016/s0248-4900(00)01081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We determined the amounts of [35S]-glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) found on the intracellular, pericellular and extracellular compartments of primary cultures of astrocytes derived from newborn rat cortex and cerebellum in vitro. Our results show that the greatest portion of newly synthesized GAGs were found in different cellular compartments, depending on the source of the astrocytes. In the cells derived from the cerebellum, the proportion of [35S]-GAGs secreted to the culture medium preponderates over the amount found in the two other compartments, whereas cells derived from the cortex accumulated higher proportions of [35S]-GAGs in the intracellular compartment than in the two other compartments. Cortical and cerebellar glial cells synthesised and secreted heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin 4-sulfate (C-4S). HS was predominantly accumulated on the pericellular surface, while C-4S was mostly secreted to the culture medium. Beside the difference on the distribution of total [35S]-GAGs among the three cellular compartments, no difference was observed on the relative proportions of HS and C-4S within each compartment. By defining the source of GAGs, the present study may help to complement and extend information on biosynthesis of these compounds by mammalian glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Martins
- Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Landeira-Fernandez AM, Aiello KR, Aquino RS, Silva LC, Meis LD, Mourão PA. A sulfated polysaccharide from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of sea cucumber smooth muscle is an endogenous inhibitor of the Ca(2+)-ATPase. Glycobiology 2000; 10:773-9. [PMID: 10929003 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/10.8.773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicles derived from the endoplasmic reticulum of sea cucumber smooth muscle retain a membrane bound Ca(2+)-ATPase that is able to transport Ca(2+) into the vesicles at the expense of ATP hydrolysis. In contrast with vesicles obtained from rabbit muscles, the activity of the Ca(2+)-dependent ATPase from sea cucumber is dependent on monovalent cations (K(+)>Na(+)>Li(+)). With the addition of highly sulfated polysaccharide to vesicle preparations from rabbit muscle, Ca(2+) uptake decreases sharply and becomes highly sensitive to monovalent cations, as observed with vesicles from sea cucumber muscle. These results led us to investigate the possible occurrence of a highly sulfated polysaccharide on vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum of sea cucumber smooth muscle, acting as an "endogenous" Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor. In fact, vesicles derived from the invertebrate, but not from rabbit muscle, contain a highly sulfated polysaccharide. This compound inhibits Ca(2+) uptake in vesicles obtained from rabbit muscle and the inhibition is antagonized by monovalent cation. In addition, sea cucumber muscles contain high concentrations of another polysaccharide, which surrounds the muscle fibers, and was characterized as a fucosylated chondroitin sulfate. Possibly the occurrence of sulfated polysaccharides in the sea cucumber muscles is related with unique properties of the invertebrate body wall, which can rapidly and reversibly alter its mechanical properties, with change in length by more than 200%.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Landeira-Fernandez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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de Carvalho DF, Silva KL, de Oliveria DA, Villa-Verde DM, Coelho HS, Silva LC, Nasciutti LE. Characterization and distribution of extracellular matrix components and receptors in GH3B6 prolactin cells. Biol Cell 2000; 92:351-62. [PMID: 11071044 DOI: 10.1016/s0248-4900(00)01076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
GH3B6 cells, a rat pituitary tumor cell line, synthesize and secrete large amounts of prolactin (PRL) in vitro. In the present work, we evaluated the capacity of these cells to express extracellular matrix (ECM) components and receptors in vitro. The expression of laminin (LN), fibronectin (FN) and type IV collagen (CIV) was investigated by immunofluorescence assays. In comparison to PRL distribution, where around 50-70% of the cells contained PRL concentrated in the Golgi region, a variable immunolabeling for the three ECM components could be observed in the majority of GH3B6 cells. Importantly, this pattern was not modified when cells were cultured in the presence of 30 nM thyroliberin (TRH). The expression of the ECM receptors: alpha5beta1 (FN receptor), alpha6beta1 (LN receptor) and CD44 (hyaluronic acid receptor) could be demonstrated by cytofluorometric analysis. Using biochemical procedures, we analyzed the synthesis and secretion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). The cells synthesized and secreted mainly heparan sulfate (75%) with a minor amount of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate. In an attempt to evaluate the individual contribution of the ECM components to influence cell morphology and PRL distribution in vitro, GH3B6 cells were cultivated separately on LN, FN and CIV substrates. Under all conditions, it was possible to observe an increase of cell adherence to the substrate, accompanied with changes of cellular morphology, characterized by the appearance of cytoplasmatic processes. However, no changes on PRL distribution could be observed. Our results suggest that endocrine tumor cell lines are involved in synthesis of ECM components and receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F de Carvalho
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária-Ilha do Fundão, Brazil
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Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans in normal and cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth were extracted by papain digestion and purified by Mono Q-FPLC chromatography. The purified glycosaminoglycans were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and by the pattern of degradation products formed by chondroitin lyases on HPLC chromatography. Our results on the glycosaminoglycan composition showed presence of chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate, dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid in both normal gingiva and cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth. The total and relative amounts of glycosaminoglycans were similar between normal and overgrown gingiva. This suggests that the glycosaminoglycan composition is not changed in cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth. Our present biochemical results conflict with histochemical and biosynthetic data previously reported by other groups. Those studies suggested that the affected tissues contained higher levels of glycosaminoglycans and that cyclosporin induced comparably high levels of these compounds in in vitro cultures of gingival fibroblasts. Therefore, these discrepant results suggest that a cyclosporin-induced increase on gingival glycosaminoglycans still remains an open question. The implications of these conflicting results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Rocha
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Garcia-Abreu J, Mendes FA, Onofre GR, De Freitas MS, Silva LC, Moura Neto V, Cavalcante LA. Contribution of heparan sulfate to the non-permissive role of the midline glia to the growth of midbrain neurites. Glia 2000; 29:260-72. [PMID: 10642752 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(20000201)29:3<260::aid-glia7>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Radial glial cells and astrocytes are heterogeneous with respect to morphology, cytoskeletal- and membrane-associated molecules and intercellular interactions. Astrocytes derived from lateral (L) and medial (M) midbrain sectors differ in their abilities to support neuritic growth of midbrain neurons in coculture (Garcia-Abreu et al. J Neurosci Res 40:471, 1995). There is a correlation between these abilities and the differential patterns of laminin (LN) organization that is fibrillar in growth-permissive L astrocytes and punctate in the non-permissive M astroglia (Garcia-Abreu et al. NeuroReport 6:761, 1995). There are also differences in the production of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) by L and M midbrain astrocytes (Garcia-Abreu et al. Glia 17:339, 1996). We show that the relative amounts of the glycoproteins laminin LN, fibronectin (FN) and tenascin (TN) are virtually identical in L and M glia, thus, confirming that an abundant content of LN is not sufficient to promote neurite growth. To further analyze the role of GAGs in the properties of M and L glia, we employed enzymatic degradation of the GAGs chondroitin sulfate (CS) and heparan sulfate (HS). Treatment with chondroitinase has little effect on the non-permissive properties of M glia but reduces the growth-supporting ability of L glia. By contrast, heparitinase I produces no significant changes on L glia but leads to neurite growth promotion by M glia. Taken together, these results suggest that glial CS helps to promote neurite growth and, more importantly, they indicate that a HS proteoglycan is, at least, partially responsible for the non-permissive role of the midline glia to the growth of midbrain neurites.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Garcia-Abreu
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Silva LC, Simões IG, Lerner FE, Belém GR, de Moraes ME, De Nucci G. Comparative bioavailability of two different diclofenac formulations in healthy volunteers. Arzneimittelforschung 1999; 49:920-4. [PMID: 10604045 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1300527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the bioequivalence of two different diclofenac (CAS 15307-86-5) formulations (diclofenac free acid suspension as test formulation and diclofenac resinate suspension, Cataflam, as reference formulation) in 24 healthy volunteers. After an overnight fast, the volunteers received a single oral dose (50 mg) of each formulation, following an open, randomized, two-period crossover design, with a fourteen-day washout interval between doses. Serum samples were obtained over a 24-h interval post-dosing, and were analysed for their diclofenac content by HPLC-UV. No adverse effect was reported for any of the formulations administered. Geometric mean test/reference individual ratios were: 92.8% for AUC(0-24 h), 93.2% for AUC(0-infinity), 117.2% for Cmax, 131.0% for Ke and 76.2% for T1/2. The variability of Cmax parameter expressed as CV was greater than 25%. Since the 90% CI for AUC(0-24 h) mean ratio were within the 80-125% interval proposed by the Food and Drug Administration, it can be concluded that diclofenac free acid formulation is bioequivalent to diclofenac resinate formulation for the extent of absorption. Since the European Community Agency accepts a 90% CI for Cmax of 70-143%, it can be concluded that diclofenac free acid formulation is bioequivalent to diclofenac resinate formulation for both the rate and the extent of absorption after single dose administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Campinas University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Epithelial cells are important components of the thymus microenvironment and are involved in thymocyte differentiation. The production and secretion of sulfated glycosaminoglycans by these cells grown in culture were investigated using labeling with radioactive 35S-Na2SO4 and 3H-glucosamine. The major glycosaminoglycans synthesized by these cells are heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid. The structure of the heparan sulfate was investigated by the pattern of degradation products formed by deaminative cleavage with nitrous acid. The ratio 35S-sulfate/ H-glucosamine is high in the segments of the heparan sulfate released during the deaminative cleavage with nitrous acid but low in the resistant portion of the molecule. Thus, the heparan sulfate synthesized by the thymic epithelial cells contains a highly sulfated region. Digestion with heparitinase reveals that this highly sulfated region is a heparin-like segment of the molecule. The heparan sulfate is rapidly incorporated into the cell surface but its secretion to the extracellular medium requires a longer incubation period. Finally, heparin was used to mimic the possible effect of this heparan sulfate with a highly sulfated region, as ascertained by its ability to modulate thymocyte adhesion to thymic epithelial cells. Since heparin actually enhanced thymocyte adhesion, it is suggested that the heparan sulfate described herein, secreted by the thymic epithelium, may play a role upon intrathymic heterotypic cellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Werneck
- Hospital Universitário and Department de Bioquímica Médica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Pavão MS, Aiello KR, Werneck CC, Silva LC, Valente AP, Mulloy B, Colwell NS, Tollefsen DM, Mourão PA. Highly sulfated dermatan sulfates from Ascidians. Structure versus anticoagulant activity of these glycosaminoglycans. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:27848-57. [PMID: 9774395 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.43.27848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatan sulfates with the same backbone structure [4-alpha-L-IdceA-1-->3-beta-D-GalNAc-1]n but with different patterns of sulfation substitutions have been isolated from the ascidian body. All the ascidian dermatan sulfates have a high content of 2-O-sulfated alpha-L-iduronic acid residues but differ in the pattern of sulfation of the N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine units. Styela plicata and Halocynthia pyriformis have 4-O-sulfated units, but in Ascidian nigra they are 6-O-sulfated. This collection of ascidian dermatan sulfates (together with native and oversulfated mammalian dermatan sulfate), where the extent and position of sulfate substitution have been fully characterized, were tested in anticoagulant assays. Dermatan sulfate from A. nigra has no discernible anticoagulant activity, which indicates that 4-O-sulfation of the N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine is essential for the anticoagulant activity of this glycosaminoglycan. In contrast dermatan sulfates from S. plicata and H. pyriformis are potent anticoagulants due to potentiation of thrombin inhibition by heparin cofactor II. These ascidian dermatan sulfates have approximately 10-fold and approximately 6-fold higher activity with heparin cofactor II than native and an oversulfated mammalian dermatan sulfate, respectively. They have no effect on thrombin or factor Xa inhibition by antithrombin. These naturally oversulfated ascidian dermatan sulfates are sulfated at selected sites required for interaction with heparin cofactor II and thus have specific and potent anticoagulant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Pavão
- Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário and Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68041, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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