1
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Blue EE, White JJ, Dush MK, Gordon WW, Wyatt BH, White P, Marvin CT, Helle E, Ojala T, Priest JR, Jenkins MM, Almli LM, Reefhuis J, Pangilinan F, Brody LC, McBride KL, Garg V, Shaw GM, Romitti PA, Nembhard WN, Browne ML, Werler MM, Kay DM, Mital S, Chong JX, Nascone-Yoder NM, Bamshad MJ. Rare variants in CAPN2 increase risk for isolated hypoplastic left heart syndrome. HGG Adv 2023; 4:100232. [PMID: 37663545 PMCID: PMC10474499 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2023.100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a severe congenital heart defect (CHD) characterized by hypoplasia of the left ventricle and aorta along with stenosis or atresia of the aortic and mitral valves. HLHS represents only ∼4%-8% of all CHDs but accounts for ∼25% of deaths. HLHS is an isolated defect (i.e., iHLHS) in 70% of families, the vast majority of which are simplex. Despite intense investigation, the genetic basis of iHLHS remains largely unknown. We performed exome sequencing on 331 families with iHLHS aggregated from four independent cohorts. A Mendelian-model-based analysis demonstrated that iHLHS was not due to single, large-effect alleles in genes previously reported to underlie iHLHS or CHD in >90% of families in this cohort. Gene-based association testing identified increased risk for iHLHS associated with variation in CAPN2 (p = 1.8 × 10-5), encoding a protein involved in functional adhesion. Functional validation studies in a vertebrate animal model (Xenopus laevis) confirmed CAPN2 is essential for cardiac ventricle morphogenesis and that in vivo loss of calpain function causes hypoplastic ventricle phenotypes and suggest that human CAPN2707C>T and CAPN21112C>T variants, each found in multiple individuals with iHLHS, are hypomorphic alleles. Collectively, our findings show that iHLHS is typically not a Mendelian condition, demonstrate that CAPN2 variants increase risk of iHLHS, and identify a novel pathway involved in HLHS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E. Blue
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Michael K. Dush
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - William W. Gordon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brent H. Wyatt
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Peter White
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Colby T. Marvin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emmi Helle
- New Children’s Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Ojala
- New Children’s Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James R. Priest
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mary M. Jenkins
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Faith Pangilinan
- Genetics and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence C. Brody
- Genetics and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kim L. McBride
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vidu Garg
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gary M. Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Paul A. Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Marilyn L. Browne
- Birth Defects Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Martha M. Werler
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Denise M. Kay
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - National Birth Defects Prevention Study
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Invitae, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- New Children’s Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Genetics and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Birth Defects Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Invitae, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- New Children’s Hospital and Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Genetics and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Birth Defects Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Seema Mital
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica X. Chong
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Michael J. Bamshad
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Sok P, Sabo A, Almli LM, Jenkins MM, Nembhard WN, Agopian AJ, Bamshad MJ, Blue EE, Brody LC, Brown AL, Browne ML, Canfield MA, Carmichael SL, Chong JX, Dugan-Perez S, Feldkamp ML, Finnell RH, Gibbs RA, Kay DM, Lei Y, Meng Q, Moore CA, Mullikin JC, Muzny D, Olshan AF, Pangilinan F, Reefhuis J, Romitti PA, Schraw JM, Shaw GM, Werler MM, Harpavat S, Lupo PJ. Exome-wide assessment of isolated biliary atresia: A report from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study using child-parent trios and a case-control design to identify novel rare variants. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1546-1556. [PMID: 36942736 PMCID: PMC10947986 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of biliary atresia (BA) is unknown, but recent studies suggest a role for rare protein-altering variants (PAVs). Exome sequencing data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study on 54 child-parent trios, one child-mother duo, and 1513 parents of children with other birth defects were analyzed. Most (91%) cases were isolated BA. We performed (1) a trio-based analysis to identify rare de novo, homozygous, and compound heterozygous PAVs and (2) a case-control analysis using a sequence kernel-based association test to identify genes enriched with rare PAVs. While we replicated previous findings on PKD1L1, our results do not suggest that recurrent de novo PAVs play important roles in BA susceptibility. In fact, our finding in NOTCH2, a disease gene associated with Alagille syndrome, highlights the difficulty in BA diagnosis. Notably, IFRD2 has been implicated in other gastrointestinal conditions and warrants additional study. Overall, our findings strengthen the hypothesis that the etiology of BA is complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pagna Sok
- Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
| | - Aniko Sabo
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental
Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,
USA
| | - Mary M. Jenkins
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental
Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,
USA
| | - Wendy N. Nembhard
- Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of
Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - A. J. Agopian
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and
Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas,
USA
| | - Michael J. Bamshad
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics,
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle,
Washington, USA
| | - Elizabeth E. Blue
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle,
Washington, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine,
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lawrence C. Brody
- Genetics and Environment Interaction Section, National
Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland,
USA
| | | | - Marilyn L. Browne
- Birth Defects Registry, New York State Department of
Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of
Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Mark A. Canfield
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas
Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Suzan L. Carmichael
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jessica X. Chong
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics,
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle,
Washington, USA
| | - Shannon Dugan-Perez
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marcia L. Feldkamp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics,
University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Richard H. Finnell
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision
Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Denise M. Kay
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State
Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Yunping Lei
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision
Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Qingchang Meng
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cynthia A. Moore
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental
Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,
USA
| | - James C. Mullikin
- Genetics and Environment Interaction Section, National
Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland,
USA
| | - Donna Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global
Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Faith Pangilinan
- Genetics and Environment Interaction Section, National
Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland,
USA
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental
Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,
USA
| | - Paul A. Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of
Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Gary M. Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Martha M. Werler
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, Boston,
Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanjiv Harpavat
- Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Texas
Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Philip J. Lupo
- Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
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3
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Siegel MR, Rocheleau CM, Hollerbach BS, Omari A, Jahnke SA, Almli LM, Olshan AF. Birth defects associated with paternal firefighting in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Am J Ind Med 2023; 66:30-40. [PMID: 36345775 PMCID: PMC9969860 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have evaluated birth defects among children of firefighters. We investigated associations between birth defects and paternal work as a firefighter compared to work in non-firefighting and police officer occupations. METHODS We analyzed 1997-2011 data from the multi-site case-control National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Cases included fetuses or infants with major structural birth defects and controls included a random sample of live-born infants without major birth defects. Mothers of infants self-reported information about parents' occupations held during pregnancy. We investigated associations between paternal firefighting and birth defect groups using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Referent groups included families reporting fathers working non-firefighting and police officer jobs. RESULTS Occupational groups included 227 firefighters, 36,285 non-firefighters, and 433 police officers. Twenty-nine birth defects were analyzed. In adjusted analyses, fathers of children with total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR; OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.1-8.7), cleft palate (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.0-3.3), cleft lip (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.2-4.2), and transverse limb deficiency (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1-4.7) were more likely than fathers of controls to be firefighters, versus non-firefighters. In police-referent analyses, fathers of children with cleft palate were 2.4 times more likely to be firefighters than fathers of controls (95% CI = 1.1-5.4). CONCLUSIONS Paternal firefighting may be associated with an elevated risk of birth defects in offspring. Additional studies are warranted to replicate these findings. Further research may contribute to a greater understanding of the reproductive health of firefighters and their families for guiding workplace practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam R. Siegel
- Division of Field Studies and EngineeringNational Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Carissa M. Rocheleau
- Division of Field Studies and EngineeringNational Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | | | - Amel Omari
- Division of Field Studies and EngineeringNational Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Sara A. Jahnke
- Center for Fire, Rescue, and EMS Health ResearchNDRI‐USA, IncLeawoodKansasUSA
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- Division of Birth Defects and Infant DisordersNational Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, CDCAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
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4
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Li J, Yang W, Wang YJ, Ma C, Curry CJ, McGoldrick D, Nickerson DA, Chong JX, Blue EE, Mullikin JC, Reefhuis J, Nembhard WN, Romitti PA, Werler MM, Browne ML, Olshan AF, Finnell RH, Feldkamp ML, Pangilinan F, Almli LM, Bamshad MJ, Brody LC, Jenkins MM, Shaw GM. Exome sequencing identifies genetic variants in anophthalmia and microphthalmia. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2376-2388. [PMID: 35716026 PMCID: PMC9283271 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Anophthalmia and microphthalmia (A/M) are rare birth defects affecting up to 2 per 10,000 live births. These conditions are manifested by the absence of an eye or reduced eye volumes within the orbit leading to vision loss. Although clinical case series suggest a strong genetic component in A/M, few systematic investigations have been conducted on potential genetic contributions owing to low population prevalence. To overcome this challenge, we utilized DNA samples and data collected as part of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). The NBDPS employed multi-center ascertainment of infants affected by A/M. We performed exome sequencing on 67 family trios and identified numerous genes affected by rare deleterious nonsense and missense variants in this cohort, including de novo variants. We identified 9 nonsense changes and 86 missense variants that are absent from the reference human population (Genome Aggregation Database), and we suggest that these are high priority candidate genes for A/M. We also performed literature curation, single cell transcriptome comparisons, and molecular pathway analysis on the candidate genes and performed protein structure modeling to determine the potential pathogenic variant consequences on PAX6 in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Neurology School of Medicine, The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, The Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yuejun Jessie Wang
- Department of Neurology School of Medicine, The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, The Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, The Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Cynthia J Curry
- Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel McGoldrick
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jessica X Chong
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Blue
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James C Mullikin
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wendy N Nembhard
- Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Paul A Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Martha M Werler
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marilyn L Browne
- Birth Defects Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard H Finnell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marcia L Feldkamp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Faith Pangilinan
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lynn M Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mike J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lawrence C Brody
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary M Jenkins
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | -
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | -
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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5
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Pitsava G, Feldkamp ML, Pankratz N, Lane J, Kay DM, Conway KM, Hobbs C, Shaw GM, Reefhuis J, Jenkins MM, Almli LM, Moore C, Werler M, Browne ML, Cunniff C, Olshan AF, Pangilinan F, Brody LC, Sicko RJ, Finnell RH, Bamshad MJ, McGoldrick D, Nickerson DA, Mullikin JC, Romitti PA, Mills JL. Exome sequencing identifies variants in infants with sacral agenesis. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:215-227. [PMID: 35274497 PMCID: PMC9338687 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sacral agenesis (SA) consists of partial or complete absence of the caudal end of the spine and often presents with additional birth defects. Several studies have examined gene variants for syndromic forms of SA, but only one has examined exomes of children with non-syndromic SA. METHODS Using buccal cell specimens from families of children with non-syndromic SA, exomes of 28 child-parent trios (eight with and 20 without a maternal diagnosis of pregestational diabetes) and two child-father duos (neither with diagnosis of maternal pregestational diabetes) were exome sequenced. RESULTS Three children had heterozygous missense variants in ID1 (Inhibitor of DNA Binding 1), with CADD scores >20 (top 1% of deleterious variants in the genome); two children inherited the variant from their fathers and one from the child's mother. Rare missense variants were also detected in PDZD2 (PDZ Domain Containing 2; N = 1) and SPTBN5 (Spectrin Beta, Non-erythrocytic 5; N = 2), two genes previously suggested to be associated with SA etiology. Examination of variants with autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive inheritance identified five and two missense variants, respectively. Compound heterozygous variants were identified in several genes. In addition, 12 de novo variants were identified, all in different genes in different children. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting a possible association between ID1 and non-syndromic SA. Although maternal pregestational diabetes has been strongly associated with SA, the missense variants in ID1 identified in two of three children were paternally inherited. These findings add to the knowledge of gene variants associated with non-syndromic SA and provide data for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Pitsava
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marcia L. Feldkamp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, 295 Chipeta Way, Suite 2S010, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John Lane
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Denise M. Kay
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Kristin M. Conway
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Charlotte Hobbs
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Gary M. Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mary M. Jenkins
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cynthia Moore
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martha Werler
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Marilyn L. Browne
- New York State Department of Health, Birth Defects Registry, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Chris Cunniff
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Faith Pangilinan
- Gene and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lawrence C. Brody
- Gene and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert J. Sicko
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Richard H. Finnell
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael J. Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Daniel McGoldrick
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Deborah A. Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James C. Mullikin
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul A. Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - James L. Mills
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Maihofer AX, Choi KW, Coleman JR, Daskalakis NP, Denckla CA, Ketema E, Morey RA, Polimanti R, Ratanatharathorn A, Torres K, Wingo AP, Zai CC, Aiello AE, Almli LM, Amstadter AB, Andersen SB, Andreassen OA, Arbisi PA, Ashley-Koch AE, Austin SB, Avdibegović E, Borglum AD, Babić D, Bækvad-Hansen M, Baker DG, Beckham JC, Bierut LJ, Bisson JI, Boks MP, Bolger EA, Bradley B, Brashear M, Breen G, Bryant RA, Bustamante AC, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Calabrese JR, Caldas-de-Almeida JM, Chen CY, Dale AM, Dalvie S, Deckert J, Delahanty DL, Dennis MF, Disner SG, Domschke K, Duncan LE, Kulenović AD, Erbes CR, Evans A, Farrer LA, Feeny NC, Flory JD, Forbes D, Franz CE, Galea S, Garrett ME, Gautam A, Gelaye B, Gelernter J, Geuze E, Gillespie CF, Goçi A, Gordon SD, Guffanti G, Hammamieh R, Hauser MA, Heath AC, Hemmings SM, Hougaard DM, Jakovljević M, Jett M, Johnson EO, Jones I, Jovanovic T, Qin XJ, Karstoft KI, Kaufman ML, Kessler RC, Khan A, Kimbrel NA, King AP, Koen N, Kranzler HR, Kremen WS, Lawford BR, Lebois LA, Lewis C, Liberzon I, Linnstaedt SD, Logue MW, Lori A, Lugonja B, Luykx JJ, Lyons MJ, Maples-Keller JL, Marmar C, Martin NG, Maurer D, Mavissakalian MR, McFarlane A, McGlinchey RE, McLaughlin KA, McLean SA, Mehta D, Mellor R, Michopoulos V, Milberg W, Miller MW, Morris CP, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Nelson EC, Nordentoft M, Norman SB, O’Donnell M, Orcutt HK, Panizzon MS, Peters ES, Peterson AL, Peverill M, Pietrzak RH, Polusny MA, Rice JP, Risbrough VB, Roberts AL, Rothbaum AO, Rothbaum BO, Roy-Byrne P, Ruggiero KJ, Rung A, Rutten BP, Saccone NL, Sanchez SE, Schijven D, Seedat S, Seligowski AV, Seng JS, Sheerin CM, Silove D, Smith AK, Smoller JW, Sponheim SR, Stein DJ, Stevens JS, Teicher MH, Thompson WK, Trapido E, Uddin M, Ursano RJ, van den Heuvel LL, Van Hooff M, Vermetten E, Vinkers C, Voisey J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Werge T, Williams MA, Williamson DE, Winternitz S, Wolf C, Wolf EJ, Yehuda R, Young KA, Young RM, Zhao H, Zoellner LA, Haas M, Lasseter H, Provost AC, Salem RM, Sebat J, Shaffer RA, Wu T, Ripke S, Daly MJ, Ressler KJ, Koenen KC, Stein MB, Nievergelt CM. Enhancing Discovery of Genetic Variants for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Through Integration of Quantitative Phenotypes and Trauma Exposure Information. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:626-636. [PMID: 34865855 PMCID: PMC8917986 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWASs). METHODS A GWAS on PTSD symptoms was performed in 51 cohorts followed by a fixed-effects meta-analysis (N = 182,199 European ancestry participants). A GWAS of LTE burden was performed in the UK Biobank cohort (N = 132,988). Genetic correlations were evaluated with linkage disequilibrium score regression. Multivariate analysis was performed using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS. Functional mapping and annotation of leading loci was performed with FUMA. Replication was evaluated using the Million Veteran Program GWAS of PTSD total symptoms. RESULTS GWASs of PTSD symptoms and LTE burden identified 5 and 6 independent genome-wide significant loci, respectively. There was a 72% genetic correlation between PTSD and LTE. PTSD and LTE showed largely similar patterns of genetic correlation with other traits, albeit with some distinctions. Adjusting PTSD for LTE reduced PTSD heritability by 31%. Multivariate analysis of PTSD and LTE increased the effective sample size of the PTSD GWAS by 20% and identified 4 additional loci. Four of these 9 PTSD loci were independently replicated in the Million Veteran Program. CONCLUSIONS Through using a quantitative trait measure of PTSD, we identified novel risk loci not previously identified using prior case-control analyses. PTSD and LTE have a high genetic overlap that can be leveraged to increase discovery power through multivariate methods.
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7
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Pitsava G, Feldkamp ML, Pankratz N, Lane J, Kay DM, Conway KM, Shaw GM, Reefhuis J, Jenkins MM, Almli LM, Olshan AF, Pangilinan F, Brody LC, Sicko RJ, Hobbs CA, Bamshad M, McGoldrick D, Nickerson DA, Finnell RH, Mullikin J, Romitti PA, Mills JL. Exome sequencing of child-parent trios with bladder exstrophy: Findings in 26 children. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3028-3041. [PMID: 34355505 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bladder exstrophy (BE) is a rare, lower ventral midline defect with the bladder and part of the urethra exposed. The etiology of BE is unknown but thought to be influenced by genetic variation with more recent studies suggesting a role for rare variants. As such, we conducted paired-end exome sequencing in 26 child/mother/father trios. Three children had rare (allele frequency ≤ 0.0001 in several public databases) inherited variants in TSPAN4, one with a loss-of-function variant and two with missense variants. Two children had loss-of-function variants in TUBE1. Four children had rare missense or nonsense variants (one per child) in WNT3, CRKL, MYH9, or LZTR1, genes previously associated with BE. We detected 17 de novo missense variants in 13 children and three de novo loss-of-function variants (AKR1C2, PRRX1, PPM1D) in three children (one per child). We also detected rare compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants in PLCH2 and CLEC4M and rare inherited missense or loss-of-function variants in additional genes applying autosomal recessive (three genes) and X-linked recessive inheritance models (13 genes). Variants in two genes identified may implicate disruption in cell migration (TUBE1) and adhesion (TSPAN4) processes, mechanisms proposed for BE, and provide additional evidence for rare variants in the development of this defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Pitsava
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marcia L Feldkamp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - John Lane
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Denise M Kay
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Kristin M Conway
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mary M Jenkins
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lynn M Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Faith Pangilinan
- Gene and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lawrence C Brody
- Gene and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert J Sicko
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Charlotte A Hobbs
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mike Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Daniel McGoldrick
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Richard H Finnell
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James Mullikin
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul A Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - James L Mills
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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8
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Sumner JA, Maihofer AX, Michopoulos V, Rothbaum AO, Almli LM, Andreassen OA, Ashley-Koch AE, Baker DG, Beckham JC, Bradley B, Breen G, Coleman JRI, Dale AM, Dennis MF, Feeny NC, Franz CE, Garrett ME, Gillespie CF, Guffanti G, Hauser MA, Hemmings SMJ, Jovanovic T, Kimbrel NA, Kremen WS, Lawford BR, Logue MW, Lori A, Lyons MJ, Maples-Keller J, Mavissakalian MR, McGlinchey RE, Mehta D, Mellor R, Milberg W, Miller MW, Morris CP, Panizzon MS, Ressler KJ, Risbrough VB, Rothbaum BO, Roy-Byrne P, Seedat S, Smith AK, Stevens JS, van den Heuvel LL, Voisey J, Young RM, Zoellner LA, Nievergelt CM, Wolf EJ. Examining Individual and Synergistic Contributions of PTSD and Genetics to Blood Pressure: A Trans-Ethnic Meta-Analysis. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:678503. [PMID: 34248484 PMCID: PMC8262489 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.678503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing research suggests that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be a risk factor for poor cardiovascular health, and yet our understanding of who might be at greatest risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes after trauma is limited. In this study, we conducted the first examination of the individual and synergistic contributions of PTSD symptoms and blood pressure genetics to continuous blood pressure levels. We harnessed the power of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium-PTSD Physical Health Working Group and investigated these associations across 11 studies of 72,224 trauma-exposed individuals of European (n = 70,870) and African (n = 1,354) ancestry. Genetic contributions to blood pressure were modeled via polygenic scores (PGS) for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) that were derived from a prior trans-ethnic blood pressure genome-wide association study (GWAS). Results of trans-ethnic meta-analyses revealed significant main effects of the PGS on blood pressure levels [SBP: β = 2.83, standard error (SE) = 0.06, p < 1E-20; DBP: β = 1.32, SE = 0.04, p < 1E-20]. Significant main effects of PTSD symptoms were also detected for SBP and DBP in trans-ethnic meta-analyses, though there was significant heterogeneity in these results. When including data from the largest contributing study - United Kingdom Biobank - PTSD symptoms were negatively associated with SBP levels (β = -1.46, SE = 0.44, p = 9.8E-4) and positively associated with DBP levels (β = 0.70, SE = 0.26, p = 8.1E-3). However, when excluding the United Kingdom Biobank cohort in trans-ethnic meta-analyses, there was a nominally significant positive association between PTSD symptoms and SBP levels (β = 2.81, SE = 1.13, p = 0.01); no significant association was observed for DBP (β = 0.43, SE = 0.78, p = 0.58). Blood pressure PGS did not significantly moderate the associations between PTSD symptoms and blood pressure levels in meta-analyses. Additional research is needed to better understand the extent to which PTSD is associated with high blood pressure and how genetic as well as contextual factors may play a role in influencing cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Sumner
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Jennifer A. Sumner,
| | - Adam X. Maihofer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Alex O. Rothbaum
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Dewleen G. Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jean C. Beckham
- Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, United States,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States,VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States,Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Gerome Breen
- Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,NIHR BRC at the Maudsley, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. I. Coleman
- Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,NIHR BRC at the Maudsley, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Michelle F. Dennis
- Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, United States,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States,VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Norah C. Feeny
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Carol E. Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Melanie E. Garrett
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Charles F. Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Guia Guffanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Michael A. Hauser
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sian M. J. Hemmings
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa,South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Nathan A. Kimbrel
- Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, United States,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States,VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, United States
| | - William S. Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Bruce R. Lawford
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark W. Logue
- National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Science Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States,Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Adriana Lori
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Michael J. Lyons
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jessica Maples-Keller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | | | - Divya Mehta
- Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Rebecca Mellor
- Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - William Milberg
- GRECC/TRACTS, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark W. Miller
- National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Science Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Charles Phillip Morris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew S. Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Victoria B. Risbrough
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Barbara O. Rothbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Peter Roy-Byrne
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa,South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alicia K. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jennifer S. Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Leigh Luella van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa,South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Joanne Voisey
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia,Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Ross McD Young
- School of Psychology and Counseling, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Lori A. Zoellner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Caroline M. Nievergelt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Erika J. Wolf
- National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Science Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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9
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Almli LM, Ely DM, Ailes EC, Abouk R, Grosse SD, Isenburg JL, Waldron DB, Reefhuis J. Infant Mortality Attributable to Birth Defects - United States, 2003-2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020; 69:25-29. [PMID: 31945037 PMCID: PMC6973351 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6902a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Spinder N, Almli LM, Desrosiers TA, Arnold KE, Bergman JEH, Kromhout H, Boezen HM, de Walle HEK, Rocheleau C, Reefhuis J. Maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring - National Birth Defects Prevention Study 1997-2011. Occup Environ Med 2020; 77:172-178. [PMID: 31949041 PMCID: PMC7035687 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-106147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the association between maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring. Methods We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a large population-based case-control study of major birth defects conducted in 10 US states from 1997 to 2011. Infants with gastroschisis were ascertained by active birth defects surveillance systems. Control infants without major birth defects were selected from vital records or birth hospital records. Self-reported maternal occupational histories were collected by telephone interview. Industrial hygienists reviewed this information to estimate exposure to aromatic, chlorinated and petroleum-based solvents from 1 month before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy. Cumulative exposure to solvents was estimated for the same period accounting for estimated exposure intensity and frequency, job duration and hours worked per week. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated to assess the association between exposure to any solvents or solvent classes, and gastroschisis risk. Results Among 879 cases and 7817 controls, the overall prevalence of periconceptional solvent exposure was 7.3% and 7.4%, respectively. Exposure to any solvent versus no exposure to solvents was not associated with gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.32), nor was an association noted for solvent classes. There was no exposure-response relationship between estimated cumulative solvent exposure and gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age. Conclusion Our study found no association between maternal occupational solvent exposure and gastroschisis in offspring. Further research is needed to understand risk factors for gastroschisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nynke Spinder
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States .,Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, Univeristy of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lynn M Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Tania A Desrosiers
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Kathryn E Arnold
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Jorieke E H Bergman
- Department of Genetics, Univeristy of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - H Marike Boezen
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hermien E K de Walle
- Department of Genetics, Univeristy of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Carissa Rocheleau
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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Nievergelt CM, Maihofer AX, Klengel T, Atkinson EG, Chen CY, Choi KW, Coleman JRI, Dalvie S, Duncan LE, Gelernter J, Levey DF, Logue MW, Polimanti R, Provost AC, Ratanatharathorn A, Stein MB, Torres K, Aiello AE, Almli LM, Amstadter AB, Andersen SB, Andreassen OA, Arbisi PA, Ashley-Koch AE, Austin SB, Avdibegovic E, Babić D, Bækvad-Hansen M, Baker DG, Beckham JC, Bierut LJ, Bisson JI, Boks MP, Bolger EA, Børglum AD, Bradley B, Brashear M, Breen G, Bryant RA, Bustamante AC, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Calabrese JR, Caldas-de-Almeida JM, Dale AM, Daly MJ, Daskalakis NP, Deckert J, Delahanty DL, Dennis MF, Disner SG, Domschke K, Dzubur-Kulenovic A, Erbes CR, Evans A, Farrer LA, Feeny NC, Flory JD, Forbes D, Franz CE, Galea S, Garrett ME, Gelaye B, Geuze E, Gillespie C, Uka AG, Gordon SD, Guffanti G, Hammamieh R, Harnal S, Hauser MA, Heath AC, Hemmings SMJ, Hougaard DM, Jakovljevic M, Jett M, Johnson EO, Jones I, Jovanovic T, Qin XJ, Junglen AG, Karstoft KI, Kaufman ML, Kessler RC, Khan A, Kimbrel NA, King AP, Koen N, Kranzler HR, Kremen WS, Lawford BR, Lebois LAM, Lewis CE, Linnstaedt SD, Lori A, Lugonja B, Luykx JJ, Lyons MJ, Maples-Keller J, Marmar C, Martin AR, Martin NG, Maurer D, Mavissakalian MR, McFarlane A, McGlinchey RE, McLaughlin KA, McLean SA, McLeay S, Mehta D, Milberg WP, Miller MW, Morey RA, Morris CP, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Neale BM, Nelson EC, Nordentoft M, Norman SB, O'Donnell M, Orcutt HK, Panizzon MS, Peters ES, Peterson AL, Peverill M, Pietrzak RH, Polusny MA, Rice JP, Ripke S, Risbrough VB, Roberts AL, Rothbaum AO, Rothbaum BO, Roy-Byrne P, Ruggiero K, Rung A, Rutten BPF, Saccone NL, Sanchez SE, Schijven D, Seedat S, Seligowski AV, Seng JS, Sheerin CM, Silove D, Smith AK, Smoller JW, Sponheim SR, Stein DJ, Stevens JS, Sumner JA, Teicher MH, Thompson WK, Trapido E, Uddin M, Ursano RJ, van den Heuvel LL, Van Hooff M, Vermetten E, Vinkers CH, Voisey J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Werge T, Williams MA, Williamson DE, Winternitz S, Wolf C, Wolf EJ, Wolff JD, Yehuda R, Young RM, Young KA, Zhao H, Zoellner LA, Liberzon I, Ressler KJ, Haas M, Koenen KC. International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4558. [PMID: 31594949 PMCID: PMC6783435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12576-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following trauma is heritable, but robust common variants have yet to be identified. In a multi-ethnic cohort including over 30,000 PTSD cases and 170,000 controls we conduct a genome-wide association study of PTSD. We demonstrate SNP-based heritability estimates of 5-20%, varying by sex. Three genome-wide significant loci are identified, 2 in European and 1 in African-ancestry analyses. Analyses stratified by sex implicate 3 additional loci in men. Along with other novel genes and non-coding RNAs, a Parkinson's disease gene involved in dopamine regulation, PARK2, is associated with PTSD. Finally, we demonstrate that polygenic risk for PTSD is significantly predictive of re-experiencing symptoms in the Million Veteran Program dataset, although specific loci did not replicate. These results demonstrate the role of genetic variation in the biology of risk for PTSD and highlight the necessity of conducting sex-stratified analyses and expanding GWAS beyond European ancestry populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Nievergelt
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Adam X Maihofer
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Torsten Klengel
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- University Medical Center Goettingen, Department of Psychiatry, Göttingen, DE, Germany
| | - Elizabeth G Atkinson
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karmel W Choi
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan R I Coleman
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, GB, USA
- King's College London, NIHR BRC at the Maudsley, London, GB, USA
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- University of Cape Town, SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA, USA
| | - Laramie E Duncan
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- US Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Neuroscience, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel F Levey
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark W Logue
- VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Murray B Stein
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Million Veteran Program, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Psychiatry Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Katy Torres
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Allison E Aiello
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lynn M Almli
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ananda B Amstadter
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Søren B Andersen
- The Danish Veteran Centre, Research and Knowledge Centre, Ringsted, Sjaelland, Denmark
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, NO, Norway
| | - Paul A Arbisi
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - S Bryn Austin
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esmina Avdibegovic
- University Clinical Center of Tuzla, Department of Psychiatry, Tuzla, BA, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dragan Babić
- University Clinical Center of Mostar, Department of Psychiatry, Mostar, BA, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Marie Bækvad-Hansen
- Statens Serum Institut, Department for Congenital Disorders, Copenhagen, DK, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
| | - Dewleen G Baker
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Psychiatry Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jean C Beckham
- Durham VA Medical Center, Research, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
- VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan I Bisson
- Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, UK
| | - Marco P Boks
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL, Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth A Bolger
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Anders D Børglum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus, DK, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus, DK, Denmark
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Megan Brashear
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health and Department of Epidemiology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Gerome Breen
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, GB, USA
- King's College London, NIHR BRC at the Maudsley, London, GB, USA
| | - Richard A Bryant
- University of New South Wales, Department of Psychology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Angela C Bustamante
- University of Michigan Medical School, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- Statens Serum Institut, Department for Congenital Disorders, Copenhagen, DK, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
| | | | - José M Caldas-de-Almeida
- CEDOC -Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Lisbon, PT, Portugal
| | - Anders M Dale
- University of California San Diego, Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosciences, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikolaos P Daskalakis
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, DE, Germany
| | - Douglas L Delahanty
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent, OH, USA
- Kent State University, Research and Sponsored Programs, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Michelle F Dennis
- Durham VA Medical Center, Research, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
- VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Seth G Disner
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Research Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Freiburg, DE, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Basics in Neuromodulation, Freiburg, DE, Germany
| | - Alma Dzubur-Kulenovic
- University Clinical Center of Sarajevo, Department of Psychiatry, Sarajevo, BA, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Christopher R Erbes
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research (CCDOR), Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexandra Evans
- Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, GB, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Norah C Feeny
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Janine D Flory
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Forbes
- University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne, VIC, AU, USA
| | - Carol E Franz
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandro Galea
- Boston University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melanie E Garrett
- Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elbert Geuze
- Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL, Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL, Netherlands
| | - Charles Gillespie
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aferdita Goci Uka
- University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Department of Psychiatry, Prishtina, Kosovo, XK, USA
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Guia Guffanti
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, USACEHR, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Supriya Harnal
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael A Hauser
- Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sian M J Hemmings
- Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA, South Africa
| | - David Michael Hougaard
- Statens Serum Institut, Department for Congenital Disorders, Copenhagen, DK, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
| | - Miro Jakovljevic
- University Hospital Center of Zagreb, Department of Psychiatry, Zagreb, HR, USA
| | - Marti Jett
- US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, USACEHR, Fort Detrick, MD, USA
| | - Eric Otto Johnson
- RTI International, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ian Jones
- Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, GB, USA
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xue-Jun Qin
- Duke University, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Angela G Junglen
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Karen-Inge Karstoft
- The Danish Veteran Centre, Research and Knowledge Centre, Ringsted, Sjaelland, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Psychology, Copenhagen, DK, Denmark
| | - Milissa L Kaufman
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Ronald C Kessler
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alaptagin Khan
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Health Care Policy, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nathan A Kimbrel
- Duke University, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Durham VA Medical Center, Research, Durham, NC, USA
- VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Anthony P King
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nastassja Koen
- University of Cape Town, SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William S Kremen
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bruce R Lawford
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
| | - Lauren A M Lebois
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Catrin E Lewis
- Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, GB, USA
| | - Sarah D Linnstaedt
- UNC Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Anesthesiology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adriana Lori
- Emory University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bozo Lugonja
- Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, GB, USA
| | - Jurjen J Luykx
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL, Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL, Netherlands
| | | | - Jessica Maples-Keller
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Charles Marmar
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alicia R Martin
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Alexander McFarlane
- University of Adelaide, Department of Psychiatry, Adelaide, South Australia, AU, Australia
| | | | | | - Samuel A McLean
- UNC Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Anesthesiology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- UNC Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Emergency Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sarah McLeay
- Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, PTSD Initiative, Greenslopes, Queensland, AU, Australia
| | - Divya Mehta
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Health, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
| | | | - Mark W Miller
- VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajendra A Morey
- Duke University, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Charles Phillip Morris
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
- Aarhus University Hospital, Psychosis Research Unit, Risskov, DK, Denmark
| | - Preben B Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus, DK, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus, DK, Denmark
- Aarhus University, National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus, DK, Denmark
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elliot C Nelson
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK, Denmark
| | - Sonya B Norman
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Department of Research and Psychiatry, San Diego, CA, USA
- National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Executive Division, White River Junction, San Diego, VT, USA
| | - Meaghan O'Donnell
- University of Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne, VIC, AU, USA
| | - Holly K Orcutt
- Northern Illinois University, Department of Psychology, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Matthew S Panizzon
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edward S Peters
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health and Department of Epidemiology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alan L Peterson
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Psychiatry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Peverill
- University of Washington, Department of Psychology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Melissa A Polusny
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Department of Mental Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Department of Psychology, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John P Rice
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephan Ripke
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU), Boston, MA, USA
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, GE, Germany
| | - Victoria B Risbrough
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrea L Roberts
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alex O Rothbaum
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Barbara O Rothbaum
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peter Roy-Byrne
- University of Washington, Department of Psychology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ken Ruggiero
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Nursing and Department of Psychiatry, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ariane Rung
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health and Department of Epidemiology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, Limburg, NL, Netherlands
| | - Nancy L Saccone
- Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sixto E Sanchez
- Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Department of Medicine, Lima, Lima, PE, USA
| | - Dick Schijven
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL, Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, Utrecht, NL, Netherlands
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA, South Africa
| | - Antonia V Seligowski
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Julia S Seng
- University of Michigan, School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christina M Sheerin
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Derrick Silove
- University of New South Wales, Department of Psychiatry, Sydney, NSW, AU, USA
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jordan W Smoller
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott R Sponheim
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dan J Stein
- University of Cape Town, SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Stevens
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Sumner
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin H Teicher
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Roskilde, DK, Denmark
- Oslo University Hospital, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Norway Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo, NO, USA
| | - Edward Trapido
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health and Department of Epidemiology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Monica Uddin
- University of South Florida College of Public Health, Genomics Program, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robert J Ursano
- Uniformed Services University, Department of Psychiatry, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Leigh Luella van den Heuvel
- Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Cape Town, Western Cape, ZA, South Africa
| | - Miranda Van Hooff
- University of Adelaide, Department of Psychiatry, Adelaide, South Australia, AU, Australia
| | - Eric Vermetten
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
- Arq, Psychotrauma Reseach Expert Group, Diemen, NH, Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden, ZH, NL, Netherlands
- Netherlands Defense Department, Research Center, Utrecht, UT, Netherlands
| | - Christiaan H Vinkers
- Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam, Holland, NL, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Holland, NL, Netherlands
| | - Joanne Voisey
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Roskilde, DK, Denmark
- Oslo University Hospital, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Norway Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo, NO, USA
| | - Zhewu Wang
- Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Department of Mental Health, Charleston, SC, USA
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Thomas Werge
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Roskilde, DK, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas E Williamson
- Durham VA Medical Center, Research, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sherry Winternitz
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Christiane Wolf
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, DE, Germany
| | - Erika J Wolf
- VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Rachel Yehuda
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Department of Mental Health, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ross McD Young
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Health, Kelvin Grove, QLD, AU, Australia
| | - Keith A Young
- Baylor Scott and White Central Texas, Department of Psychiatry, Temple, TX, USA
- CTVHCS, COE for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Yale University, Department of Biostatistics, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lori A Zoellner
- University of Washington, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Israel Liberzon
- University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Magali Haas
- Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Karestan C Koenen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU), Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Huan T, Joehanes R, Song C, Peng F, Guo Y, Mendelson M, Yao C, Liu C, Ma J, Richard M, Agha G, Guan W, Almli LM, Conneely KN, Keefe J, Hwang SJ, Johnson AD, Fornage M, Liang L, Levy D. Genome-wide identification of DNA methylation QTLs in whole blood highlights pathways for cardiovascular disease. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4267. [PMID: 31537805 PMCID: PMC6753136 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12228-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying methylation quantitative trait loci (meQTLs) and integrating them with disease-associated variants from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) may illuminate functional mechanisms underlying genetic variant-disease associations. Here, we perform GWAS of >415 thousand CpG methylation sites in whole blood from 4170 individuals and map 4.7 million cis- and 630 thousand trans-meQTL variants targeting >120 thousand CpGs. Independent replication is performed in 1347 participants from two studies. By linking cis-meQTL variants with GWAS results for cardiovascular disease (CVD) traits, we identify 92 putatively causal CpGs for CVD traits by Mendelian randomization analysis. Further integrating gene expression data reveals evidence of cis CpG-transcript pairs causally linked to CVD. In addition, we identify 22 trans-meQTL hotspots each targeting more than 30 CpGs and find that trans-meQTL hotspots appear to act in cis on expression of nearby transcriptional regulatory genes. Our findings provide a powerful meQTL resource and shed light on DNA methylation involvement in human diseases. Differentially methylated CpGs can inform on disease mechanisms and be useful as biomarkers. Here, the authors perform GWAS for DNA methylation in whole blood, cis- and trans-meQTL mapping, followed by Mendelian randomization analysis that links meQTLs with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Huan
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA. .,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Roby Joehanes
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ci Song
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fen Peng
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yichen Guo
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Mendelson
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chen Yao
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiantao Ma
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Golareh Agha
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lynn M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karen N Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joshua Keefe
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA. .,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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13
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Jenkins MM, Almli LM, Pangilinan F, Chong JX, Blue EE, Shapira SK, White J, McGoldrick D, Smith JD, Mullikin JC, Bean CJ, Nembhard WN, Lou XY, Shaw GM, Romitti PA, Keppler-Noreuil K, Yazdy MM, Kay DM, Carter TC, Olshan AF, Moore KJ, Nascone-Yoder N, Finnell RH, Lupo PJ, Feldkamp ML, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Brody LC, Reefhuis J. Exome sequencing of family trios from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study: Tapping into a rich resource of genetic and environmental data. Birth Defects Res 2019; 111:1618-1632. [PMID: 31328417 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) is a multisite, population-based, case-control study of genetic and nongenetic risk factors for major structural birth defects. Eligible women had a pregnancy affected by a birth defect or a liveborn child without a birth defect between 1997 and 2011. They were invited to complete a telephone interview to collect pregnancy exposure data and were mailed buccal cell collection kits to collect specimens from themselves, their child (if living), and their child's father. Over 23,000 families representing more than 30 major structural birth defects provided DNA specimens. METHODS To evaluate their utility for exome sequencing (ES), specimens from 20 children with colonic atresia were studied. Evaluations were conducted on specimens collected using cytobrushes stored and transported in open versus closed packaging, on native genomic DNA (gDNA) versus whole genome amplified (WGA) products and on a library preparation protocol adapted to low amounts of DNA. RESULTS The DNA extracted from brushes in open packaging yielded higher quality sequence data than DNA from brushes in closed packaging. Quality metrics of sequenced gDNA were consistently higher than metrics from corresponding WGA products and were consistently high when using a low input protocol. CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-principle study established conditions under which ES can be applied to NBDPS specimens. Successful sequencing of exomes from well-characterized NBDPS families indicated that this unique collection can be used to investigate the roles of genetic variation and gene-environment interaction effects in birth defect etiologies, providing a valuable resource for birth defect researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Jenkins
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lynn M Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.,Carter Consulting Incorporated, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Faith Pangilinan
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jessica X Chong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elizabeth E Blue
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stuart K Shapira
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Janson White
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Daniel McGoldrick
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joshua D Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - James C Mullikin
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christopher J Bean
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wendy N Nembhard
- Fay W Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Xiang-Yang Lou
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford, California
| | - Paul A Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kim Keppler-Noreuil
- Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Mahsa M Yazdy
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Denise M Kay
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
| | - Tonia C Carter
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kristin J Moore
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nanette Nascone-Yoder
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Richard H Finnell
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Departments of Molecular & Cellular Biology and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Marcia L Feldkamp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
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- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lawrence C Brody
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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14
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Holleman AM, Broadaway KA, Duncan R, Todor A, Almli LM, Bradley B, Ressler KJ, Ghosh D, Mulle JG, Epstein MP. Powerful and Efficient Strategies for Genetic Association Testing of Symptom and Questionnaire Data in Psychiatric Genetic Studies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7523. [PMID: 31101869 PMCID: PMC6525248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies of psychiatric disorders often deal with phenotypes that are not directly measurable. Instead, researchers rely on multivariate symptom data from questionnaires and surveys like the PTSD Symptom Scale (PSS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to indirectly assess a latent phenotype of interest. Researchers subsequently collapse such multivariate questionnaire data into a univariate outcome to represent a surrogate for the latent phenotype. However, when a causal variant is only associated with a subset of collapsed symptoms, the effect will be challenging to detect using the univariate outcome. We describe a more powerful strategy for genetic association testing in this situation that jointly analyzes the original multivariate symptom data collectively using a statistical framework that compares similarity in multivariate symptom-scale data from questionnaires to similarity in common genetic variants across a gene. We use simulated data to demonstrate this strategy provides substantially increased power over standard approaches that collapse questionnaire data into a single surrogate outcome. We also illustrate our approach using GWAS data from the Grady Trauma Project and identify genes associated with BDI not identified using standard univariate techniques. The approach is computationally efficient, scales to genome-wide studies, and is applicable to correlated symptom data of arbitrary dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Holleman
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Center for Computational and Quantitative Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Richard Duncan
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrei Todor
- Center for Computational and Quantitative Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lynn M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Clinical Psychologist, Mental Health Service Line, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Debashis Ghosh
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer G Mulle
- Center for Computational and Quantitative Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael P Epstein
- Center for Computational and Quantitative Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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15
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Feldkamp ML, Arnold KE, Krikov S, Reefhuis J, Almli LM, Moore CA, Botto LD. Risk of gastroschisis with maternal genitourinary infections: the US National birth defects prevention study 1997-2011. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026297. [PMID: 30928950 PMCID: PMC6475179 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between occurrence and timing of maternal self-reported genitourinary tract infection (urinary tract infections [UTIs] and/or sexually transmitted infection [STI]) and risk for gastroschisis in the offspring. DESIGN Population-based case-control study. SETTING National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multisite study in the USA. PARTICIPANTS Mothers of 1366 gastroschisis cases and 11 238 healthy controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Crude and adjusted ORs (aORs) with 95% CIs. RESULTS Genitourinary infections were frequent in case (19.3%) and control women (9.9%) during the periconceptional period (defined as 3 months prior to 3 months after conception). UTI and/or STI in the periconceptional period were associated with similarly increased risks for gastroschisis (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.8; aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.3, respectively). The risk was increased with a UTI before (aOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.4 to 4.5) or after (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.6) conception only among women ≥25 years of age. The risk was highest among women <20 years of age with an STI before conception (aOR 3.6; 95% CI 1.5 to 8.4) and in women ≥25 years of age, the risk was similar for before (aOR 2.9; 95% CI 1.0 to 8.5) and after (aOR 2.8; 95% CI 1.3 to 6.1) conception. A specific STI pathogen was reported in 89.3% (50/56) of cases and 84.3% (162/191) of controls with Chlamydia trachomatis the most common (25/50 cases, 50%; 58/162 controls, 36%) and highest among women <20 years of age (16/25 cases, 64%; 22/33 controls, 67%). CONCLUSIONS UTI and/or STI were associated with an increased risk for gastroschisis, with the strength of the association varying by maternal age and timing of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia L Feldkamp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kathryn E Arnold
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sergey Krikov
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lynn M Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Carter Consulting, Inc, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cynthia A Moore
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lorenzo D Botto
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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16
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Almli LM, Lori A, Meyers JL, Shin J, Fani N, Maihofer AX, Nievergelt CM, Smith AK, Mercer KB, Kerley K, Leveille JM, Feng H, Abu‐Amara D, Flory JD, Yehuda R, Marmar CR, Baker DG, Bradley B, Koenen KC, Conneely KN, Ressler KJ. Problematic alcohol use associates with sodium channel and clathrin linker 1 (SCLT1) in trauma-exposed populations. Addict Biol 2018; 23:1145-1159. [PMID: 29082582 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol use is extremely prevalent in the United States, particularly among trauma-exposed individuals. While several studies have examined genetic influences on alcohol use and related problems, this has not been studied in the context of trauma-exposed populations. We report results from a genome-wide association study of alcohol consumption and associated problems as measured by the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) in a trauma-exposed cohort. Results indicate a genome-wide significant association between total AUDIT score and rs1433375 [N = 1036, P = 2.61 × 10-8 (dominant model), P = 7.76 × 10-8 (additive model)], an intergenic single-nucleotide polymorphism located 323 kb upstream of the sodium channel and clathrin linker 1 (SCLT1) at 4q28. rs1433375 was also significant in a meta-analysis of two similar, but independent, cohorts (N = 1394, P = 0.0004), the Marine Resiliency Study and Systems Biology PTSD Biomarkers Consortium. Functional analysis indicated that rs1433375 was associated with SCLT1 gene expression and cortical-cerebellar functional connectivity measured via resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Together, findings suggest a role for sodium channel regulation and cerebellar functioning in alcohol use behavior. Identifying mechanisms underlying risk for problematic alcohol use in trauma-exposed populations is critical for future treatment and prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M. Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA
| | - Adriana Lori
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA
| | - Jacquelyn L. Meyers
- Department of Psychiatry State University of New York Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Jaemin Shin
- Center for Advanced Brain Imaging Georgia State University/Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA
| | - Negar Fani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA
| | - Adam X. Maihofer
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health San Diego USA
| | - Caroline M. Nievergelt
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health San Diego USA
| | - Alicia K. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Emory University Atlanta GA USA
| | | | - Kimberly Kerley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA
| | - Jennifer M. Leveille
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Human Genetics Emory University Atlanta GA USA
| | - Duna Abu‐Amara
- Steven and Alexandra Cohen Veterans Center for Posttraumatic Stress and Traumatic Brain Injury Department of Psychiatry, New York University New York NY USA
| | - Janine D. Flory
- Steven and Alexandra Cohen Veterans Center for Posttraumatic Stress and Traumatic Brain Injury Department of Psychiatry, New York University New York NY USA
- Department of Psychiatry MSSM/James J. Peters Veterans Administration Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- Steven and Alexandra Cohen Veterans Center for Posttraumatic Stress and Traumatic Brain Injury Department of Psychiatry, New York University New York NY USA
- Department of Psychiatry MSSM/James J. Peters Veterans Administration Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Charles R. Marmar
- Steven and Alexandra Cohen Veterans Center for Posttraumatic Stress and Traumatic Brain Injury Department of Psychiatry, New York University New York NY USA
| | - Dewleen G. Baker
- Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA
- Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health San Diego USA
- Psychiatry Services VA San Diego Healthcare System San Diego CA USA
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA
- Mental Health Service Line Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Atlanta GA USA
| | - Karestan C. Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA
| | | | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA
- McLean Hospital Harvard Medical School Belmont MA USA
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17
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Dedic N, Pöhlmann ML, Richter JS, Mehta D, Czamara D, Metzger MW, Dine J, Bedenk BT, Hartmann J, Wagner KV, Jurik A, Almli LM, Lori A, Moosmang S, Hofmann F, Wotjak CT, Rammes G, Eder M, Chen A, Ressler KJ, Wurst W, Schmidt MV, Binder EB, Deussing JM. Cross-disorder risk gene CACNA1C differentially modulates susceptibility to psychiatric disorders during development and adulthood. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:533-543. [PMID: 28696432 PMCID: PMC5822460 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CACNA1C, the α1C subunit of the voltage-gated L-type calcium channel Cav1.2, rank among the most consistent and replicable genetics findings in psychiatry and have been associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression. However, genetic variants of complex diseases often only confer a marginal increase in disease risk, which is additionally influenced by the environment. Here we show that embryonic deletion of Cacna1c in forebrain glutamatergic neurons promotes the manifestation of endophenotypes related to psychiatric disorders including cognitive decline, impaired synaptic plasticity, reduced sociability, hyperactivity and increased anxiety. Additional analyses revealed that depletion of Cacna1c during embryonic development also increases the susceptibility to chronic stress, which suggest that Cav1.2 interacts with the environment to shape disease vulnerability. Remarkably, this was not observed when Cacna1c was deleted in glutamatergic neurons during adulthood, where the later deletion even improved cognitive flexibility, strengthened synaptic plasticity and induced stress resilience. In a parallel gene × environment design in humans, we additionally demonstrate that SNPs in CACNA1C significantly interact with adverse life events to alter the risk to develop symptoms of psychiatric disorders. Overall, our results further validate Cacna1c as a cross-disorder risk gene in mice and humans, and additionally suggest a differential role for Cav1.2 during development and adulthood in shaping cognition, sociability, emotional behavior and stress susceptibility. This may prompt the consideration for pharmacological manipulation of Cav1.2 in neuropsychiatric disorders with developmental and/or stress-related origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dedic
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - M L Pöhlmann
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - J S Richter
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - D Mehta
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - D Czamara
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - M W Metzger
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - J Dine
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - B T Bedenk
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - J Hartmann
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - K V Wagner
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - A Jurik
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - L M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A Lori
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S Moosmang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - F Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - C T Wotjak
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - G Rammes
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - M Eder
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - A Chen
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- The Ruhman Family Laboratory for Research on the Neurobiology of Stress, Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - K J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - W Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M V Schmidt
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - E B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J M Deussing
- Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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18
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Duncan LE, Ratanatharathorn A, Aiello AE, Almli LM, Amstadter AB, Ashley-Koch AE, Baker DG, Beckham JC, Bierut LJ, Bisson J, Bradley B, Chen CY, Dalvie S, Farrer LA, Galea S, Garrett ME, Gelernter JE, Guffanti G, Hauser MA, Johnson EO, Kessler RC, Kimbrel NA, King A, Koen N, Kranzler HR, Logue MW, Maihofer AX, Martin AR, Miller MW, Morey RA, Nugent NR, Rice JP, Ripke S, Roberts AL, Saccone NL, Smoller JW, Stein DJ, Stein MB, Sumner JA, Uddin M, Ursano RJ, Wildman DE, Yehuda R, Zhao H, Daly MJ, Liberzon I, Ressler KJ, Nievergelt CM, Koenen KC. Largest GWAS of PTSD (N=20 070) yields genetic overlap with schizophrenia and sex differences in heritability. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:666-673. [PMID: 28439101 PMCID: PMC5696105 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium-Posttraumatic Stress Disorder group (PGC-PTSD) combined genome-wide case-control molecular genetic data across 11 multiethnic studies to quantify PTSD heritability, to examine potential shared genetic risk with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder and to identify risk loci for PTSD. Examining 20 730 individuals, we report a molecular genetics-based heritability estimate (h2SNP) for European-American females of 29% that is similar to h2SNP for schizophrenia and is substantially higher than h2SNP in European-American males (estimate not distinguishable from zero). We found strong evidence of overlapping genetic risk between PTSD and schizophrenia along with more modest evidence of overlap with bipolar and major depressive disorder. No single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exceeded genome-wide significance in the transethnic (overall) meta-analysis and we do not replicate previously reported associations. Still, SNP-level summary statistics made available here afford the best-available molecular genetic index of PTSD-for both European- and African-American individuals-and can be used in polygenic risk prediction and genetic correlation studies of diverse phenotypes. Publication of summary statistics for ∼10 000 African Americans contributes to the broader goal of increased ancestral diversity in genomic data resources. In sum, the results demonstrate genetic influences on the development of PTSD, identify shared genetic risk between PTSD and other psychiatric disorders and highlight the importance of multiethnic/racial samples. As has been the case with schizophrenia and other complex genetic disorders, larger sample sizes are needed to identify specific risk loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Duncan
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Boston, MA, USA
- The Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - A E Aiello
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - L M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A B Amstadter
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - A E Ashley-Koch
- Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - D G Baker
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J C Beckham
- Veterans Affairs Durham Healthcare System, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - L J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - J Bisson
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - B Bradley
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - C-Y Chen
- The Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S Dalvie
- Division of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L A Farrer
- Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Galea
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M E Garrett
- Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - J E Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare System, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - G Guffanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - M A Hauser
- Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - E O Johnson
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - R C Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N A Kimbrel
- Veterans Affairs Durham Healthcare System, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - A King
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - N Koen
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - H R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M W Logue
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A X Maihofer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A R Martin
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Boston, MA, USA
- The Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M W Miller
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R A Morey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - N R Nugent
- Division of Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - J P Rice
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - S Ripke
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Boston, MA, USA
- The Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - A L Roberts
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - N L Saccone
- Department of Genetics, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - J W Smoller
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Boston, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M B Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J A Sumner
- Center for Cardiovascular Behavioral Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Uddin
- Department of Psychology and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - R J Ursano
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - D E Wildman
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology and Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - R Yehuda
- James J. Peters Bronx Veterans Affairs and Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M J Daly
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Boston, MA, USA
- The Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - I Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - C M Nievergelt
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - K C Koenen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Boston, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA, USA
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19
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Maddox SA, Kilaru V, Shin J, Jovanovic T, Almli LM, Dias BG, Norrholm SD, Fani N, Michopoulos V, Ding Z, Conneely KN, Binder EB, Ressler KJ, Smith AK. Estrogen-dependent association of HDAC4 with fear in female mice and women with PTSD. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:658-665. [PMID: 28093566 PMCID: PMC5513798 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Women are at increased risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following a traumatic event. Recent studies suggest that this may be mediated, in part, by circulating estrogen levels. This study evaluated the hypothesis that individual variation in response to estrogen levels contributes to fear regulation and PTSD risk in women. We evaluated DNA methylation from blood of female participants in the Grady Trauma Project and found that serum estradiol levels associates with DNA methylation across the genome. For genes expressed in blood, we examined the association between each CpG site and PTSD diagnosis using linear models that adjusted for cell proportions and age. After multiple test correction, PTSD associated with methylation of CpG sites in the HDAC4 gene, which encodes histone deacetylase 4, and is involved in long-term memory formation and behavior. DNA methylation of HDAC4 CpG sites were tagged by a nearby single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs7570903), which also associated with HDAC4 expression, fear-potentiated startle and resting-state functional connectivity of the amygdala in traumatized humans. Using auditory Pavlovian fear conditioning in a rodent model, we examined the regulation of Hdac4 in the amygdala of ovariectomized (OVX) female mice. Hdac4 messenger RNA levels were higher in the amygdala 2 h after tone-shock presentations, compared with OVX-homecage control females. In naturally cycling females, tone-shock presentations increased Hdac4 expression relative to homecage controls for metestrous (low estrogen) but not the proestrous (high estrogen) group. Together, these results support an estrogenic influence of HDAC4 regulation and expression that may contribute to PTSD in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Maddox
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - V Kilaru
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Shin
- Center for Advanced Brain Imaging (CABI), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - T Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - L M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - B G Dias
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S D Norrholm
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - N Fani
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - V Michopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Z Ding
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K N Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - E B Binder
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - K J Ressler
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A K Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle NE, Suite 4217, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. E-mail:
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20
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Zhao N, Zhan X, Huang YT, Almli LM, Smith A, Epstein MP, Conneely K, Wu MC. Kernel machine methods for integrative analysis of genome-wide methylation and genotyping studies. Genet Epidemiol 2017; 42:156-167. [DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore Maryland 21205 United States of America
| | - Xiang Zhan
- Department of Public Health Sciences; Pennsylvania State University; Hershey Pennsylvania 17033 United States of America
| | - Yen-Tsung Huang
- Institute of Statistical Science; Academia Sinica; Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Lynn M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Emory University; Atlanta Georgia 30322 United States of America
| | - Alicia Smith
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Emory University; Atlanta Georgia 30322 United States of America
| | - Michael P. Epstein
- Department of Human Genetics; Emory University; Atlanta Georgia 30322 United States of America
| | - Karen Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics; Emory University; Atlanta Georgia 30322 United States of America
| | - Michael C. Wu
- Public Health Sciences; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Seattle Washington 98109 United States of America
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21
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Polimanti R, Amstadter AB, Stein MB, Almli LM, Baker DG, Bierut LJ, Bradley B, Farrer LA, Johnson EO, King A, Kranzler HR, Maihofer AX, Rice JP, Roberts AL, Saccone NL, Zhao H, Liberzon I, Ressler KJ, Nievergelt CM, Koenen KC, Gelernter J. A putative causal relationship between genetically determined female body shape and posttraumatic stress disorder. Genome Med 2017; 9:99. [PMID: 29178946 PMCID: PMC5702961 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-017-0491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The nature and underlying mechanisms of the observed increased vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women are unclear. Methods We investigated the genetic overlap of PTSD with anthropometric traits and reproductive behaviors and functions in women. The analysis was conducted using female-specific summary statistics from large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and a cohort of 3577 European American women (966 PTSD cases and 2611 trauma-exposed controls). We applied a high-resolution polygenic score approach and Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate genetic correlations and causal relationships. Results We observed an inverse association of PTSD with genetically determined anthropometric traits related to body shape, independent of body mass index (BMI). The top association was related to BMI-adjusted waist circumference (WCadj; R = –0.079, P < 0.001, Q = 0.011). We estimated a relative decrease of 64.6% (95% confidence interval = 27.5–82.7) in the risk of PTSD per 1-SD increase in WCadj. MR-Egger regression intercept analysis showed no evidence of pleiotropic effects in this association (Ppleiotropy = 0.979). We also observed associations of genetically determined WCadj with age at first sexual intercourse and number of sexual partners (P = 0.013 and P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions There is a putative causal relationship between genetically determined female body shape and PTSD, which could be mediated by evolutionary mechanisms involved in human sexual behaviors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-017-0491-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, 116A2, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
| | - Ananda B Amstadter
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lynn M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dewleen G Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Genetics Division, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric O Johnson
- Fellow Program and Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Anthony King
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam X Maihofer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John P Rice
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrea L Roberts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy L Saccone
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Caroline M Nievergelt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karestan C Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, 116A2, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.,Departments of Neuroscience and of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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22
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Wingo AP, Almli LM, Stevens JS, Jovanovic T, Wingo TS, Tharp G, Li Y, Lori A, Briscione M, Jin P, Binder EB, Bradley B, Gibson G, Ressler KJ. Genome-wide association study of positive emotion identifies a genetic variant and a role for microRNAs. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:774-783. [PMID: 27595594 PMCID: PMC5339071 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Positive affect denotes a state of pleasurable engagement with the environment eliciting positive emotion such as contentment, enthusiasm or happiness. Positive affect is associated with favorable psychological, physical and economic outcomes in many longitudinal studies. With a heritability of ⩽64%, positive affect is substantially influenced by genetic factors; however, our understanding of genetic pathways underlying individual differences in positive affect is still limited. Here, through a genome-wide association study of positive affect in African-American participants, we identify a single-nucleotide polymorphism, rs322931, significantly associated with positive affect at P<5 × 10-8, and replicate this association in another cohort. Furthermore, we show that the minor allele of rs322931 predicts expression of microRNAs miR-181a and miR-181b in human brain and blood, greater nucleus accumbens reactivity to positive emotional stimuli and enhanced fear inhibition. Prior studies have suggested that miR-181a is part of the reward neurocircuitry. Taken together, we identify a novel genetic variant for further elucidation of genetic underpinning of positive affect that mediates positive emotionality potentially via the nucleus accumbens and miR-181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliza P. Wingo
- Atlanta VAMC, Atlanta, GA, USA,Emory University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Stevens
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas S. Wingo
- Atlanta VAMC, Atlanta, GA, USA,Emory University, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gregory Tharp
- Yerkes Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yujing Li
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adriana Lori
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria Briscione
- Atlanta VAMC, Atlanta, GA, USA,Emory University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elisabeth B. Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Atlanta VAMC, Atlanta, GA, USA,Emory University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Greg Gibson
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA,McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts,Corresponding author: Kerry J. Ressler, MD, PhD, McLean Hospital, Oaks Building 104b, Mailstop 212, 115 Mill Street Belmont, MA 02478-1064. TEL: 617.855.4210; FAX: 617.855.4213;
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23
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Massa NM, Duncan E, Jovanovic T, Kerley K, Weng L, Gensler L, Lee SS, Norrholm S, Powers A, Almli LM, Gillespie CF, Ressler K, Pearce BD. Relationship between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and acoustic startle response in an inner-city population. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 61:176-183. [PMID: 27884623 PMCID: PMC5316358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (TOXO) is a neuroinvasive protozoan parasite that induces the formation of persistent cysts in mammalian brains. It infects approximately 1.1million people in the United States annually. Latent TOXO infection is implicated in the etiology of psychiatric disorders, especially schizophrenia (SCZ), and has been correlated with modestly impaired cognition. The acoustic startle response (ASR) is a reflex seen in all mammals. It is mediated by a simple subcortical circuit, and provides an indicator of neural function. We previously reported the association of TOXO with slowed acoustic startle latency, an index of neural processing speed, in a sample of schizophrenia and healthy control subjects. The alterations in neurobiology with TOXO latent infection may not be specific to schizophrenia. Therefore we examined TOXO in relation to acoustic startle in an urban, predominately African American, population with mixed psychiatric diagnoses, and healthy controls. Physiological and diagnostic data along with blood samples were collected from 364 outpatients treated at an inner-city hospital. TOXO status was determined with an ELISA assay for TOXO-specific IgG. A discrete titer was calculated based on standard cut-points as an indicator of seropositivity, and the TOXO-specific IgG concentration served as serointensity. A series of linear regression models were used to assess the association of TOXO seropositivity and serointensity with ASR magnitude and latency in models adjusting for demographics and psychiatric diagnoses (PTSD, major depression, schizophrenia, psychosis, substance abuse). ASR magnitude was 11.5% higher in TOXO seropositive subjects compared to seronegative individuals (p=0.01). This effect was more pronounced in models with TOXO serointensity that adjusted for sociodemographic covariates (F=7.41, p=0.0068; F=10.05, p=0.0017), and remained significant when psychiatric diagnoses were stepped into the models. TOXO showed no association with startle latency (t=0.49, p=0.63) in an unadjusted model, nor was TOXO associated with latency in models that included demographic factors. After stepping in individual psychiatric disorders, we found a significant association of latency with a diagnosis of PTSD (F=5.15, p=0.024), but no other psychiatric diagnoses, such that subjects with PTSD had longer startle latency. The mechanism by which TOXO infection is associated with high startle magnitude is not known, but possible mechanisms include TOXO cyst burden in the brain, parasite recrudescence, or molecular mimicry of a host epitope by TOXO. Future studies will focus on the neurobiology underlying the effects of latent TOXO infection as a potential inroad to the development of novel treatment targets for psychiatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick M. Massa
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA 30033
| | - Erica Duncan
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA 30033,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Kimberly Kerley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Lei Weng
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Lauren Gensler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Samuel S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Seth Norrholm
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA 30033,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Abigail Powers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Charles F. Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Kerry Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard School of Medicine, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Bradley D. Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322
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24
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Almli LM, Alter CC, Russell RB, Tinker SC, Howards PP, Cragan J, Petersen E, Carrino GE, Reefhuis J. Association Between Infant Mortality Attributable to Birth Defects and Payment Source for Delivery - United States, 2011-2013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017; 66:84-87. [PMID: 28125575 PMCID: PMC5724906 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6603a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Smearman EL, Almli LM, Conneely KN, Brody GH, Sales JM, Bradley B, Ressler KJ, Smith AK. Oxytocin Receptor Genetic and Epigenetic Variations: Association With Child Abuse and Adult Psychiatric Symptoms. Child Dev 2016; 87:122-34. [PMID: 26822448 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Childhood abuse can alter biological systems and increase risk for adult psychopathology. Epigenetic mechanisms, alterations in DNA structure that regulate the gene expression, are a potential mechanism underlying this risk. While abuse associates with methylation of certain genes, particularly those in the stress response system, no study to date has evaluated abuse and methylation of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR). However, studies support a role for OXTR in the link between abuse and adverse adult outcomes, showing that abuse can confer greater risk for psychiatric symptoms in those with specific OXTR genotypes. This study therefore sought to (a) assess the role of epigenetics in the link between abuse and psychopathology and (b) begin to integrate the genetic and epigenetic literature by exploring associations between OXTR genotypes and DNA CpG methylation. Data on 18 OXTR CpG sites, 44 single nucleotide polymorphisms, childhood abuse, and adult depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed in 393 African American adults (age = 41 ± 12.8 years). Overall, 68% of genotypes were associated with methylation of nearby CpG sites, with a subset surviving multiple test correction. Child abuse associated with higher methylation of two CpG sites yet did not survive correction or serve as a mediator of psychopathology. However, abuse interacted with CpG methylation to predict psychopathology. These findings suggest a role for OXTR in understanding the influence of early environments on adult psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bekh Bradley
- Emory University School of Medicine.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center
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26
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He Q, Cai T, Liu Y, Zhao N, Harmon QE, Almli LM, Binder EB, Engel SM, Ressler KJ, Conneely KN, Lin X, Wu MC. Prioritizing individual genetic variants after kernel machine testing using variable selection. Genet Epidemiol 2016; 40:722-731. [PMID: 27488097 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Kernel machine learning methods, such as the SNP-set kernel association test (SKAT), have been widely used to test associations between traits and genetic polymorphisms. In contrast to traditional single-SNP analysis methods, these methods are designed to examine the joint effect of a set of related SNPs (such as a group of SNPs within a gene or a pathway) and are able to identify sets of SNPs that are associated with the trait of interest. However, as with many multi-SNP testing approaches, kernel machine testing can draw conclusion only at the SNP-set level, and does not directly inform on which one(s) of the identified SNP set is actually driving the associations. A recently proposed procedure, KerNel Iterative Feature Extraction (KNIFE), provides a general framework for incorporating variable selection into kernel machine methods. In this article, we focus on quantitative traits and relatively common SNPs, and adapt the KNIFE procedure to genetic association studies and propose an approach to identify driver SNPs after the application of SKAT to gene set analysis. Our approach accommodates several kernels that are widely used in SNP analysis, such as the linear kernel and the Identity by State (IBS) kernel. The proposed approach provides practically useful utilities to prioritize SNPs, and fills the gap between SNP set analysis and biological functional studies. Both simulation studies and real data application are used to demonstrate the proposed approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianchuan He
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Tianxi Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yang Liu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ni Zhao
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Quaker E Harmon
- Epidemiology Branch, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lynn M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie M Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Division of Depression & Anxiety Disorders, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Karen N Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael C Wu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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27
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Dunn EC, Wiste A, Radmanesh F, Almli LM, Gogarten SM, Sofer T, Faul JD, Kardia SL, Smith JA, Weir DR, Zhao W, Soare TW, Mirza SS, Hek K, Tiemeier HW, Goveas JS, Sarto GE, Snively BM, Cornelis M, Koenen KC, Kraft P, Purcell S, Ressler KJ, Rosand J, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Smoller JW. GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY (GWAS) AND GENOME-WIDE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION STUDY (GWEIS) OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN AFRICAN AMERICAN AND HISPANIC/LATINA WOMEN. Depress Anxiety 2016; 33:265-80. [PMID: 27038408 PMCID: PMC4826276 DOI: 10.1002/da.22484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have made little progress in identifying variants linked to depression. We hypothesized that examining depressive symptoms and considering gene-environment interaction (GxE) might improve efficiency for gene discovery. We therefore conducted a GWAS and genome-wide by environment interaction study (GWEIS) of depressive symptoms. METHODS Using data from the SHARe cohort of the Women's Health Initiative, comprising African Americans (n = 7,179) and Hispanics/Latinas (n = 3,138), we examined genetic main effects and GxE with stressful life events and social support. We also conducted a heritability analysis using genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA). Replication was attempted in four independent cohorts. RESULTS No SNPs achieved genome-wide significance for main effects in either discovery sample. The top signals in African Americans were rs73531535 (located 20 kb from GPR139, P = 5.75 × 10(-8) ) and rs75407252 (intronic to CACNA2D3, P = 6.99 × 10(-7) ). In Hispanics/Latinas, the top signals were rs2532087 (located 27 kb from CD38, P = 2.44 × 10(-7) ) and rs4542757 (intronic to DCC, P = 7.31 × 10(-7) ). In the GEWIS with stressful life events, one interaction signal was genome-wide significant in African Americans (rs4652467; P = 4.10 × 10(-10) ; located 14 kb from CEP350). This interaction was not observed in a smaller replication cohort. Although heritability estimates for depressive symptoms and stressful life events were each less than 10%, they were strongly genetically correlated (rG = 0.95), suggesting that common variation underlying self-reported depressive symptoms and stressful life event exposure, though modest on their own, were highly overlapping in this sample. CONCLUSIONS Our results underscore the need for larger samples, more GEWIS, and greater investigation into genetic and environmental determinants of depressive symptoms in minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C. Dunn
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT
| | - Anna Wiste
- Center for Experimental Drugs and Diagnostics, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Farid Radmanesh
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital,Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jessica D. Faul
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David R. Weir
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Thomas W. Soare
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT
| | - Saira S. Mirza
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karin Hek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning W. Tiemeier
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joseph S. Goveas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Gloria E. Sarto
- Center for Women's Health and Health Disparities Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Beverly M. Snively
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Marilyn Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Karestan C. Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Shaun Purcell
- Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jonathan Rosand
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital,Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, New York
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT
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28
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Wingo AP, Almli LM, Stevens JS, Klengel T, Uddin M, Li Y, Bustamante AC, Lori A, Koen N, Stein DJ, Smith AK, Aiello AE, Koenen KC, Wildman DE, Galea S, Bradley B, Binder EB, Jin P, Gibson G, Ressler KJ. Corrigendum: DICER1 and microRNA regulation in post-traumatic stress disorder with comorbid depression. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10958. [PMID: 26936533 PMCID: PMC4782056 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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29
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Brehm JM, Ramratnam SK, Tse SM, Croteau-Chonka DC, Pino-Yanes M, Rosas-Salazar C, Litonjua AA, Raby BA, Boutaoui N, Han YY, Chen W, Forno E, Marsland AL, Nugent NR, Eng C, Colón-Semidey A, Alvarez M, Acosta-Pérez E, Spear ML, Martinez FD, Avila L, Weiss ST, Soto-Quiros M, Ober C, Nicolae DL, Barnes KC, Lemanske RF, Strunk RC, Liu A, London SJ, Gilliland F, Sleiman P, March M, Hakonarson H, Duan QL, Kolls JK, Fritz GK, Hu D, Fani N, Stevens JS, Almli LM, Burchard EG, Shin J, McQuaid EL, Ressler K, Canino G, Celedón JC. Stress and Bronchodilator Response in Children with Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:47-56. [PMID: 25918834 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201501-0037oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Stress is associated with asthma morbidity in Puerto Ricans (PRs), who have reduced bronchodilator response (BDR). OBJECTIVES To examine whether stress and/or a gene regulating anxiety (ADCYAP1R1) is associated with BDR in PR and non-PR children with asthma. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of stress and BDR (percent change in FEV1 after BD) in 234 PRs ages 9-14 years with asthma. We assessed child stress using the Checklist of Children's Distress Symptoms, and maternal stress using the Perceived Stress Scale. Replication analyses were conducted in two cohorts. Polymorphisms in ADCYAP1R1 were genotyped in our study and six replication studies. Multivariable models of stress and BDR were adjusted for age, sex, income, environmental tobacco smoke, and use of inhaled corticosteroids. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS High child stress was associated with reduced BDR in three cohorts. PR children who were highly stressed (upper quartile, Checklist of Children's Distress Symptoms) and whose mothers had high stress (upper quartile, Perceived Stress Scale) had a BDR that was 10.2% (95% confidence interval, 6.1-14.2%) lower than children who had neither high stress nor a highly stressed mother. A polymorphism in ADCYAP1R1 (rs34548976) was associated with reduced BDR. This single-nucleotide polymorphism is associated with reduced expression of the gene for the β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) in CD4(+) lymphocytes of subjects with asthma, and it affects brain connectivity of the amygdala and the insula (a biomarker of anxiety). CONCLUSIONS High child stress and an ADCYAP1R1 single-nucleotide polymorphism are associated with reduced BDR in children with asthma. This is likely caused by down-regulation of ADRB2 in highly stressed children.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Brehm
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and
| | - Sima K Ramratnam
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and
| | - Sze Man Tse
- 2 Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Damien C Croteau-Chonka
- 2 Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Pino-Yanes
- 3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and.,4 Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,5 CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Rosas-Salazar
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- 2 Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin A Raby
- 2 Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nadia Boutaoui
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and
| | - Yueh-Ying Han
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and
| | - Wei Chen
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and
| | - Erick Forno
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and
| | - Anna L Marsland
- 6 Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicole R Nugent
- 7 Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Celeste Eng
- 3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and.,4 Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Angel Colón-Semidey
- 8 Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - María Alvarez
- 8 Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Edna Acosta-Pérez
- 8 Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Melissa L Spear
- 3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and.,4 Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Fernando D Martinez
- 9 Arizona Respiratory Center and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Lydiana Avila
- 10 Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Scott T Weiss
- 2 Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Manuel Soto-Quiros
- 10 Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Hospital Nacional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Carole Ober
- 11 Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dan L Nicolae
- 11 Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kathleen C Barnes
- 12 Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert F Lemanske
- 13 Department of Pediatrics and.,14 Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Robert C Strunk
- 15 Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Andrew Liu
- 16 Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Stephanie J London
- 17 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Frank Gilliland
- 18 Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Patrick Sleiman
- 19 The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,20 Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael March
- 19 The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- 19 The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,20 Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Qing Ling Duan
- 2 Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jay K Kolls
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and
| | - Gregory K Fritz
- 7 Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Donglei Hu
- 3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and.,4 Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Negar Fani
- 21 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Jennifer S Stevens
- 21 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Lynn M Almli
- 21 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- 3 Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and.,4 Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jaemin Shin
- 22 Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, Georgia Institute of Technology and Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elizabeth L McQuaid
- 7 Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Kerry Ressler
- 21 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Glorisa Canino
- 8 Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Juan C Celedón
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and
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30
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Almli LM, Stevens JS, Smith AK, Kilaru V, Meng Q, Flory J, Abu-Amara D, Hammamieh R, Yang R, Mercer KB, Binder EB, Bradley B, Hamilton S, Jett M, Yehuda R, Marmar CR, Ressler KJ. A genome-wide identified risk variant for PTSD is a methylation quantitative trait locus and confers decreased cortical activation to fearful faces. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2015; 168B:327-36. [PMID: 25988933 PMCID: PMC4844461 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors appear to be highly relevant to predicting differential risk for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In a discovery sample, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for PTSD using a small military cohort (Systems Biology PTSD Biomarkers Consortium; SBPBC, N = 147) that was designed as a case-controlled sample of highly exposed, recently returning veterans with and without combat-related PTSD. A genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs717947, at chromosome 4p15 (N = 147, β = 31.34, P = 1.28 × 10(-8) ) was found to associate with the gold-standard diagnostic measure for PTSD (the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale). We conducted replication and follow-up studies in an external sample, a larger urban community cohort (Grady Trauma Project, GTP, N = 2006), to determine the robustness and putative functionality of this risk variant. In the GTP replication sample, SNP rs717947 associated with PTSD diagnosis in females (N = 2006, P = 0.005), but not males. SNP rs717947 was also found to be a methylation quantitative trait locus (meQTL) in the GTP replication sample (N = 157, P = 0.002). Further, the risk allele of rs717947 was associated with decreased medial and dorsolateral cortical activation to fearful faces (N = 53, P < 0.05) in the GTP replication sample. These data identify a genome-wide significant polymorphism conferring risk for PTSD, which was associated with differential epigenetic regulation and with differential cortical responses to fear in a replication sample. These results may provide new insight into understanding genetic and epigenetic regulation of PTSD and intermediate phenotypes that contribute to this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M. Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jennifer S. Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alicia K. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Varun Kilaru
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Qian Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Janine Flory
- Mental Health Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York/Traumatic Stress Studies Division, New York, New York
| | - Duna Abu-Amara
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Veterans Center for Posttraumatic Stress and Traumatic Brain Injury, New York, New York
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Integrative Systems Biology, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, Maryland
| | - Ruoting Yang
- Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research/SAIC-Frederick Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | - Kristina B. Mercer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elizabeth B. Binder
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Clinical Psychologist, Mental Health Service Line, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Steven Hamilton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Marti Jett
- Integrative Systems Biology, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, Maryland
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- Mental Health Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York/Traumatic Stress Studies Division, New York, New York
| | - Charles R. Marmar
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Veterans Center for Posttraumatic Stress and Traumatic Brain Injury, New York, New York
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland,Correspondence to: Kerry J. Ressler, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Broadaway KA, Duncan R, Conneely KN, Almli LM, Bradley B, Ressler KJ, Epstein MP. Kernel Approach for Modeling Interaction Effects in Genetic Association Studies of Complex Quantitative Traits. Genet Epidemiol 2015; 39:366-75. [PMID: 25885490 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of complex traits likely involves the effects of genetic and environmental factors, along with complicated interaction effects between them. Consequently, there has been interest in applying genetic association tests of complex traits that account for potential modification of the genetic effect in the presence of an environmental factor. One can perform such an analysis using a joint test of gene and gene-environment interaction. An optimal joint test would be one that remains powerful under a variety of models ranging from those of strong gene-environment interaction effect to those of little or no gene-environment interaction effect. To fill this demand, we have extended a kernel machine based approach for association mapping of multiple SNPs to consider joint tests of gene and gene-environment interaction. The kernel-based approach for joint testing is promising, because it incorporates linkage disequilibrium information from multiple SNPs simultaneously in analysis and permits flexible modeling of interaction effects. Using simulated data, we show that our kernel machine approach typically outperforms the traditional joint test under strong gene-environment interaction models and further outperforms the traditional main-effect association test under models of weak or no gene-environment interaction effects. We illustrate our test using genome-wide association data from the Grady Trauma Project, a cohort of highly traumatized, at-risk individuals, which has previously been investigated for interaction effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Alaine Broadaway
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Richard Duncan
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Karen N Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lynn M Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Michael P Epstein
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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Michopoulos V, Rothbaum AO, Jovanovic T, Almli LM, Bradley B, Rothbaum BO, Gillespie CF, Ressler KJ. Association of CRP genetic variation and CRP level with elevated PTSD symptoms and physiological responses in a civilian population with high levels of trauma. Am J Psychiatry 2015; 172:353-62. [PMID: 25827033 PMCID: PMC4440454 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increased systemic inflammation is associated with stress-related psychopathology. Specifically, levels of the proinflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) are elevated in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Furthermore, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CRP gene are associated with CRP level, risk for cardiovascular disease, and obesity. The authors examined whether polymorphisms within the CRP gene and increased CRP levels are associated with PTSD symptoms and fear physiology in a civilian population with high levels of trauma. METHOD Cross-sectional data and DNA samples were collected from 2,698 individuals recruited from an inner-city public hospital that serves a primarily African American, low-socioeconomic-status population. A subgroup of 187 participants participated in further interviews, testing, and physiological measures; of these, 135 were assessed using the fear-potentiated startle paradigm to assess fear-related phenotypes of PTSD. RESULTS One SNP within the CRP gene, rs1130864, was significantly associated with increased PTSD symptoms (N=2,692), including "being overly alert" as the most significant individual symptom (N=2,698). Additionally, CRP genotype was associated with the odds of PTSD diagnosis (N=2,692). This SNP was also associated with increased CRP level (N=137), and high CRP levels (>3 mg/L) were positively associated with PTSD symptoms (N=187) and fear-potentiated startle to a safety signal (N=135). CONCLUSIONS Together, these data indicate that genetic variability in the CRP gene is associated with serum CRP level and PTSD symptom severity, including that of hyperarousal symptoms. Elevated CRP levels were also associated with exacerbated fear-related psychophysiology and PTSD symptom ratings and diagnosis. These findings suggest a potential mechanism by which an increased proinflammatory state may lead to heightened PTSD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alex O. Rothbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Barbara O. Rothbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Charles F. Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, Maryland,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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Almli LM, Duncan R, Feng H, Ghosh D, Binder EB, Bradley B, Ressler KJ, Conneely KN, Epstein MP. Correcting systematic inflation in genetic association tests that consider interaction effects: application to a genome-wide association study of posttraumatic stress disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 2014; 71:1392-9. [PMID: 25354142 PMCID: PMC4293022 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Genetic association studies of psychiatric outcomes often consider interactions with environmental exposures and, in particular, apply tests that jointly consider gene and gene-environment interaction effects for analysis. Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we report that heteroscedasticity (defined as variability in outcome that differs by the value of the environmental exposure) can invalidate traditional joint tests of gene and gene-environment interaction. OBJECTIVES To identify the cause of bias in traditional joint tests of gene and gene-environment interaction in a PTSD GWAS and determine whether proposed robust joint tests are insensitive to this problem. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The PTSD GWAS data set consisted of 3359 individuals (978 men and 2381 women) from the Grady Trauma Project (GTP), a cohort study from Atlanta, Georgia. The GTP performed genome-wide genotyping of participants and collected environmental exposures using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Trauma Experiences Inventory. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES We performed joint interaction testing of the Beck Depression Inventory and modified PTSD Symptom Scale in the GTP GWAS. We assessed systematic bias in our interaction analyses using quantile-quantile plots and genome-wide inflation factors. RESULTS Application of the traditional joint interaction test to the GTP GWAS yielded systematic inflation across different outcomes and environmental exposures (inflation-factor estimates ranging from 1.07 to 1.21), whereas application of the robust joint test to the same data set yielded no such inflation (inflation-factor estimates ranging from 1.01 to 1.02). Simulated data further revealed that the robust joint test is valid in different heteroscedasticity models, whereas the traditional joint test is invalid. The robust joint test also has power similar to the traditional joint test when heteroscedasticity is not an issue. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE We believe the robust joint test should be used in candidate-gene studies and GWASs of psychiatric outcomes that consider environmental interactions. To make the procedure useful for applied investigators, we created a software tool that can be called from the popular PLINK package for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M. Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Richard Duncan
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Debashis Ghosh
- Department of Statistics, Pennsylvania State University, State College
| | - Elisabeth B. Binder
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia4Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia5Mental Health Service Line, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Karen N. Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael P. Epstein
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Liberzon I, King AP, Ressler KJ, Almli LM, Zhang P, Ma ST, Cohen GH, Tamburrino MB, Calabrese JR, Galea S. Interaction of the ADRB2 gene polymorphism with childhood trauma in predicting adult symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 2014; 71:1174-82. [PMID: 25162199 PMCID: PMC4597911 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while highly prevalent (7.6% over a lifetime), develops only in a subset of trauma-exposed individuals. Genetic risk factors in interaction with trauma exposure have been implicated in PTSD vulnerability. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of 3755 candidate gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms with PTSD development in interaction with a history of childhood trauma. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Genetic association study in an Ohio National Guard longitudinal cohort (n = 810) of predominantly male soldiers of European ancestry, with replication in an independent Grady Trauma Project (Atlanta, Georgia) cohort (n = 2083) of predominantly female African American civilians. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Continuous measures of PTSD severity, with a modified (interview) PTSD checklist in the discovery cohort and the PTSD Symptom Scale in the replication cohort. RESULTS Controlling for the level of lifetime adult trauma exposure, we identified the novel association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism within the promoter region of the ADRB2 (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man 109690) gene with PTSD symptoms in interaction with childhood trauma (rs2400707, P = 1.02 × 10-5, significant after correction for multiple comparisons). The rs2400707 A allele was associated with relative resilience to childhood adversity. An rs2400707 × childhood trauma interaction predicting adult PTSD symptoms was replicated in the independent predominantly female African American cohort. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Altered adrenergic and noradrenergic function has been long believed to have a key etiologic role in PTSD development; however, direct evidence of this link has been missing. The rs2400707 polymorphism has been linked to function of the adrenergic system, but, to our knowledge, this is the first study to date linking the ADRB2 gene to PTSD or any psychiatric disorders. These findings have important implications for PTSD etiology, chronic pain, and stress-related comorbidity, as well as for both primary prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor2Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Anthony P. King
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor2Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Peng Zhang
- The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sean T. Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Almli LM, Srivastava A, Fani N, Kerley K, Mercer KB, Feng H, Bradley B, Ressler KJ. Follow-up and extension of a prior genome-wide association study of posttraumatic stress disorder: gene × environment associations and structural magnetic resonance imaging in a highly traumatized African-American civilian population. Biol Psychiatry 2014; 76:e3-4. [PMID: 24576688 PMCID: PMC4285665 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Follow-up and Extension of a Prior Genome-wide Association Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Gene × Environment Associations and Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Highly Traumatized African-American Civilian Population
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M. Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Negar Fani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Kristina B. Mercer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland,Corresponding author:
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Smith AK, Kilaru V, Kocak M, Almli LM, Mercer KB, Ressler KJ, Tylavsky FA, Conneely KN. Methylation quantitative trait loci (meQTLs) are consistently detected across ancestry, developmental stage, and tissue type. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:145. [PMID: 24555763 PMCID: PMC4028873 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individual genotypes at specific loci can result in different patterns of DNA methylation. These methylation quantitative trait loci (meQTLs) influence methylation across extended genomic regions and may underlie direct SNP associations or gene-environment interactions. We hypothesized that the detection of meQTLs varies with ancestral population, developmental stage, and tissue type. We explored this by analyzing seven datasets that varied by ancestry (African American vs. Caucasian), developmental stage (neonate vs. adult), and tissue type (blood vs. four regions of postmortem brain) with genome-wide DNA methylation and SNP data. We tested for meQTLs by constructing linear regression models of methylation levels at each CpG site on SNP genotypes within 50 kb under an additive model controlling for multiple tests. Results Most meQTLs mapped to intronic regions, although a limited number appeared to occur in synonymous or nonsynonymous coding SNPs. We saw significant overlap of meQTLs between ancestral groups, developmental stages, and tissue types, with the highest rates of overlap within the four brain regions. Compared with a random group of SNPs with comparable frequencies, meQTLs were more likely to be 1) represented among the most associated SNPs in the WTCCC bipolar disorder results and 2) located in microRNA binding sites. Conclusions These data give us insight into how SNPs impact gene regulation and support the notion that peripheral blood may be a reliable correlate of physiological processes in other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia K Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle NE; Ste 4000, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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37
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Barfield RT, Almli LM, Kilaru V, Smith AK, Mercer KB, Duncan R, Klengel T, Mehta D, Binder EB, Epstein MP, Ressler KJ, Conneely KN. Accounting for population stratification in DNA methylation studies. Genet Epidemiol 2014; 38:231-41. [PMID: 24478250 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism that has been linked to complex diseases and is of great interest to researchers as a potential link between genome, environment, and disease. As the scale of DNA methylation association studies approaches that of genome-wide association studies, issues such as population stratification will need to be addressed. It is well-documented that failure to adjust for population stratification can lead to false positives in genetic association studies, but population stratification is often unaccounted for in DNA methylation studies. Here, we propose several approaches to correct for population stratification using principal components (PCs) from different subsets of genome-wide methylation data. We first illustrate the potential for confounding due to population stratification by demonstrating widespread associations between DNA methylation and race in 388 individuals (365 African American and 23 Caucasian). We subsequently evaluate the performance of our PC-based approaches and other methods in adjusting for confounding due to population stratification. Our simulations show that (1) all of the methods considered are effective at removing inflation due to population stratification, and (2) maximum power can be obtained with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based PCs, followed by methylation-based PCs, which outperform both surrogate variable analysis and genomic control. Among our different approaches to computing methylation-based PCs, we find that PCs based on CpG sites chosen for their potential to proxy nearby SNPs can provide a powerful and computationally efficient approach to adjust for population stratification in DNA methylation studies when genome-wide SNP data are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard T Barfield
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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38
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Sun YV, Smith AK, Conneely KN, Chang Q, Li W, Lazarus A, Smith JA, Almli LM, Binder EB, Klengel T, Cross D, Turner ST, Ressler KJ, Kardia SLR. Epigenomic association analysis identifies smoking-related DNA methylation sites in African Americans. Hum Genet 2013; 132:1027-37. [PMID: 23657504 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-013-1311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is an environmental risk factor for many chronic diseases, and disease risk can often be managed by smoking control. Smoking can induce cellular and molecular changes, including epigenetic modification, but the short- and long-term epigenetic modifications caused by cigarette smoking at the gene level have not been well understood. Recent studies have identified smoking-related DNA methylation (DNAm) sites in Caucasians. To determine whether the same DNAm sites associate with smoking in African Americans, and to identify novel smoking-related DNAm sites, we conducted a methylome-wide association study of cigarette smoking using a discovery sample of 972 African Americans, and a replication sample of 239 African Americans with two array-based methods. Among 15 DNAm sites significantly associated with smoking after correction for multiple testing in our discovery sample, 5 DNAm sites are replicated in an independent cohort, and 14 sites in the replication sample have effects in the same direction as in the discovery sample. The top two smoking-related DNAm sites in F2RL3 (factor II receptor-like 3) and GPR15 (G-protein-coupled receptor 15) observed in African Americans are consistent with previous findings in Caucasians. The associations between the replicated DNAm sites and smoking remain significant after adjusting for genetic background. Despite the distinct genetic background between African Americans and Caucasians, the DNAm from the two ethnic groups shares common associations with cigarette smoking, which suggests a common molecular mechanism of epigenetic modification influenced by environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE #3049, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Gillespie CF, Almli LM, Smith AK, Bradley B, Kerley K, Crain DF, Mercer KB, Weiss T, Phifer J, Tang Y, Cubells JF, Binder EB, Conneely KN, Ressler KJ. Sex dependent influence of a functional polymorphism in steroid 5-α-reductase type 2 (SRD5A2) on post-traumatic stress symptoms. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2013; 162B:283-292. [PMID: 23505265 PMCID: PMC3770127 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A non-synonymous, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene coding for steroid 5-α-reductase type 2 (SRD5A2) is associated with reduced conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Because SRD5A2 participates in the regulation of testosterone and cortisol metabolism, hormones shown to be dysregulated in patients with PTSD, we examined whether the V89L variant (rs523349) influences risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Study participants (N = 1,443) were traumatized African-American patients of low socioeconomic status with high rates of lifetime trauma exposure recruited from the primary care clinics of a large, urban hospital. PTSD symptoms were measured with the post-traumatic stress symptom scale (PSS). Subjects were genotyped for the V89L variant (rs523349) of SRD5A2. We initially found a significant sex-dependent effect of genotype in male but not female subjects on symptoms. Associations with PTSD symptoms were confirmed using a separate internal replication sample with identical methods of data analysis, followed by pooled analysis of the combined samples (N = 1,443, sex × genotype interaction P < 0.002; males: n = 536, P < 0.001). These data support the hypothesis that functional variation within SRD5A2 influences, in a sex-specific way, the severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms and risk for diagnosis of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles F. Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alicia K. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Daniel F. Crain
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Tamara Weiss
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Justine Phifer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yilang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joseph F. Cubells
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elisabeth B. Binder
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Karen N. Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Atlanta, Georgia,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia,Correspondence to: Kerry J. Ressler, M.D., Ph.D., Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Dr, Atlanta, GA 30329.
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40
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Almli LM, Mercer KB, Kerley K, Feng H, Bradley B, Conneely KN, Ressler KJ. ADCYAP1R1 genotype associates with post-traumatic stress symptoms in highly traumatized African-American females. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2013; 162B:262-72. [PMID: 23505260 PMCID: PMC3738001 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptor (PAC1) play a critical role in biological processes that mediate stress response and have been implicated in psychological outcome following trauma. Our previous work [Ressler et al. (2011); Nature 470:492-497] demonstrated that a variant, rs2267735, in the gene encoding PAC1 (ADCYAP1R1) is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a primarily African-American cohort of highly traumatized females. We sought to extend and replicate our previous finding in a similarly trauma-exposed, replicate sample of 1,160 African-American adult male and female patients. Self-reported psychiatric measures were collected, and DNA was obtained for genetic analysis. Using linear regression models to test for association with PTSD symptom severity under an additive (allelic) model, we found a genotype × trauma interaction in females (P < 0.001), but not males (P > 0.1); however, there was no main effect of genotype as in our previous study. The observed interaction suggests a genetic association that increases with the degree of trauma exposure in females only. This interaction remained significant in females, but not males, after controlling for age (P < 0.001), income (P < 0.01), past substance abuse (P < 0.001), depression severity (P = 0.02), or child abuse (P < 0.0005), and all five combined (P = 0.01). No significant effects of genotype (or interactions) were found when modeling depression severity when controlling for comorbid PTSD symptom severity (P > 0.1), demonstrating the relative specificity of this variant for PTSD symptoms. A meta-analysis with the previously reported African-American samples revealed a strong association between PTSD symptom severity and the interaction between trauma and genotype in females (N = 1424, P < 0.0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M. Almli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kristina B. Mercer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | | | - Hao Feng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Bekh Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Karen N. Conneely
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland,Correspondence to: Kerry J. Ressler, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral, Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To document racial disparity in biomarker concentrations in maternal/fetal plasma and amniotic fluid between African Americans and European Americans with spontaneous preterm birth (PTB; cases) and normal term birth (controls), and their contribution to distinct pathophysiological pathways of PTB. DESIGN Nested case-control study. SETTING The Perinatal Research Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. SAMPLE Maternal and fetal plasma and amniotic fluid samples were collected from 105 cases (59 African American and 46 European American) and 86 controls (40 African American and 46 European American). METHODS Thirty-six biomarkers were analysed using the protein microarray approach. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Differences in biomarker concentrations between cases and controls of different races in maternal, fetal and intra-amniotic compartments, and the risk of PTB. Dysregulated biomarker-induced PTB pathways associated with PTB in each race were determined using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). RESULTS Racial disparity was observed in biomarker concentrations in each compartment between cases and controls: amniotic fluid, IL8 and MIP1α differed between case and controls in European Americans, whereas ANGPT2, Eotaxin, ICAM-1, IL-1β, IL1RA, RANTES and TNFα differed between case and controls in African Americans. In both races the FAS ligand, MCP-3 and TNFR-I differed between cases and controls. For fetal plasma, ANGPT2, Eotaxin, FGF basic, ICAM-1, IGF-I, IL10, IL-1β, IL2, IP10 KGF, MCP-3, MIP1α, PDGF-BB, TGFα, TGFβ1, TIMP1, TNFα, TNFR-I, TNFR-II and VEGF differed between cases and controls in European Americans, whereas only MMP7 differed between cases and controls in African Americans. IL-8 differed between cases and controls in both races. For maternal plasma, IL1RA, MMP7 and VEGF differed between cases and controls in European Americans, whereas ANGPT2, FGF basic, IL-1β, IL5, IL6R, KGF, MCP-3, MIP1α, TIMP1 and TNFα differed between cases and controls in African Americans. ANG, IL8 and TNFR-I differed between cases and controls in both races. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that: (1) biomarker concentrations in maternal, fetal and intra-amniotic compartments differ between cases and controls; (2) there is racial disparity in the biomarker profile in each of the compartments; (3) substantial numbers of dysregulated fetal plasma biomarkers contribute to PTB in European Americans, whereas maternal plasma biomarkers contribute to PTB in African Americans; and (4) both inflammation and haematological functions are associated with PTB in European Americans, but maternal proinflammatory changes dominate PTB in African Americans. Biomarker analyses document racial disparity and the distinct pathophysiological contributions from different compartments that can determine pregnancy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Brou
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Almli LM, Wilczynski W. Socially modulated cell proliferation is independent of gonadal steroid hormones in the brain of the adult green treefrog (Hyla cinerea). Brain Behav Evol 2012; 79:170-80. [PMID: 22269468 DOI: 10.1159/000335037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gonadal steroid hormones have been shown to influence adult neurogenesis in addition to their well-defined role in regulating social behavior. Adult neurogenesis consists of several processes including cell proliferation, which can be studied via 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. In a previous study we found that social stimulation altered both cell proliferation and levels of circulating gonadal steroids, leaving the issue of cause/effect unclear. In this study, we sought to determine whether socially modulated BrdU-labeling depends on gonadal hormone changes. We investigated this using a gonadectomy-implant paradigm and by exposing male and female green treefrogs (Hyla cinerea) to their conspecific chorus or control stimuli (i.e. random tones). Our results indicate that socially modulated cell proliferation occurred independently of gonadal hormone levels; furthermore, neither androgens in males nor estrogen in females increased cell proliferation in the preoptic area (POA) and infundibular hypothalamus, brain regions involved in endocrine regulation and acoustic communication. In fact, elevated estrogen levels decreased cell proliferation in those brain regions in the implanted female. In male frogs, evoked calling behavior was positively correlated with BrdU-labeling in the POA; however, statistical analysis showed that this behavior did not mediate socially induced cell proliferation. These results show that the social modulation of cell proliferation can occur without gonadal hormone involvement in either male or female adult anuran amphibians, and confirms that it is independent of a behavioral response in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Almli
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Tex., USA
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Almli LM, Wilczynski W. Sex-specific modulation of cell proliferation by socially relevant stimuli in the adult green treefrog brain (Hyla cinerea). Brain Behav Evol 2009; 74:143-54. [PMID: 19729900 PMCID: PMC2924239 DOI: 10.1159/000235963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Social experience plays an important role in regulating the neural, physiological and hormonal changes that accompany the expression of reproductive behavior in vertebrates. This suite of functions is sexually dimorphic, with different neural control areas preeminent in males and females. In anuran amphibians, social experience comes in the form of acoustic communication, which is central to their reproductive behavior. We sought to determine whether acoustic cues regulate cell proliferation in the brain of adult green treefrogs (Hyla cinerea). Our results show that both male and female treefrogs that heard a conspecific chorus during the breeding season exhibited increased brain cell proliferation compared to animals that heard random tones. Increased cell proliferation, as assessed by the number of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-immunoreactive (BrdU+) cells, were found near the ventricles of acoustically sensitive brain regions such as the preoptic area (POA) and the infundibular hypothalamus (IF). Sex differences emerged in the location of this socially modulated cell proliferation: increases occurred primarily in the male POA and the female IF. In addition, gonadal steroid hormones might have played a role in the social modulation of cell proliferation: by statistically control- ling for hormone level, we revealed that androgens might influence socially induced increases in BrdU+ cells in the male POA, but estrogen did not contribute to socially induced increases in the female IF. These results indicate that the reception of social cues increases cell proliferation in brain regions mediating sexual behavior and endocrine regulation, and moreover that social modulation of cell proliferation occurs in a sexually differentiated fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M. Almli
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Tex., USA
| | - Walter Wilczynski
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Tex., USA
- Neuroscience Institute and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Ga., USA
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Almli LM, Wilczynski W. Corrigendum to “Regional distribution and migration of proliferating cell populations in the adult brain of Hyla cinerea (Anura, Amphibia)” [Brain Res. 1159 (2007) 112─118]. Brain Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Almli LM, Wilczynski W. Regional distribution and migration of proliferating cell populations in the adult brain of Hyla cinerea (Anura, Amphibia). Brain Res 2007; 1159:112-8. [PMID: 17573049 PMCID: PMC2040256 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2007] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We examined the distribution of adult cell proliferation throughout the brain of an anuran amphibian using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). BrdU, a thymidine analog, is a commonly used cellular marker that is incorporated into actively dividing progenitor cells. Adult green treefrogs, Hyla cinerea, received injections of BrdU and were sacrificed 2 h, 2 days, 2 weeks, or 30 days later. Immunohistochemistry revealed BrdU-immunopositive (BrdU+) cells to be distributed in ventricular zones throughout the brain. The heaviest concentrations of cells were located in the telencephalon, primarily in the ventrolateral region of the lateral ventricles, and the ventricles of olfactory bulbs. Numerous BrdU+ cells were located around the preoptic and hypothalamic recesses and few around the third ventricle in the diencephalon. Proceeding caudally towards the midbrain, there was a marked decrease in BrdU labeling and few BrdU+ cells were found in the hindbrain. Consistent with previous studies in ectothermic vertebrates, BrdU+ cells were found predominantly in the ventricular zone (VZ) and immediately adjacent to the VZ; at later time points (i.e., 30 days), the cells appeared to have migrated into parenchymal regions. The extent of cellular proliferation in anurans is similar to that of fishes and reptiles and thus is more widespread compared to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Almli
- The University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Neuroscience, 1 University Station A8000, Austin, TX 78712-0187, USA.
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Abstract
This study investigated the effects of environmentally enriched and standard laboratory housing conditions on behavioral performance in 16 subadult ratsnakes (Elaphe obsoleta) using a split-clutch design. In a problem-solving task, snakes housed in enriched environments (EC) exhibited shorter latencies to the goal hole as compared to snakes housed in standard conditions (SC). In an open field task, EC snakes tended to habituate more quickly than SC snakes with repeated testing. A feeding task did not reveal any significant differences between EC and SC snakes. A discriminant function analysis correctly assigned all snakes to their appropriate housing treatment groups, based on the responses in each of the behavioral tasks. This suggests that each group had a distinct behavioral profile; that is, EC snakes were more behaviorally adaptive than SC snakes. This study demonstrated that housing conditions can affect the behavior of captive snakes and produce improvements in behavior similar to those seen in mammalian enrichment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Almli
- Department of Psychology and Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, USA.
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Almli LM, Hamrick SE, Koshy AA, Täuber MG, Ferriero DM. Multiple pathways of neuroprotection against oxidative stress and excitotoxic injury in immature primary hippocampal neurons. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 2001; 132:121-9. [PMID: 11744116 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-3806(01)00302-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the immature brain hydrogen peroxide accumulates after excitotoxic hypoxia-ischemia and is neurotoxic. Immature hippocampal neurons were exposed to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), a glutamate agonist, and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and the effects of free radical scavenging and transition metal chelation on neurotoxicity were studied. alpha-Phenyl-N-tert.-butylnitrone (PBN), a known superoxide scavenger, attenuated both H(2)O(2) and NMDA mediated toxicity. Treatment with desferrioxamine (DFX), an iron chelator, at the time of exposure to H(2)O(2) was ineffective, but pretreatment was protective. DFX also protected against NMDA toxicity. TPEN, a metal chelator with higher affinities for a broad spectrum of transition metal ions, also protected against H(2)O(2) toxicity but was ineffective against NMDA induced toxicity. These data suggest that during exposure to free radical and glutamate agonists, the presence of iron and other free metal ions contribute to neuronal cell death. In the immature nervous system this neuronal injury can be attenuated by free radical scavengers and metal chelators.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Almli
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, Box 0114, San Francisco, CA 94143-0114, USA
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