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Dijk SW, Hunink MGM. Nurturing health, resilience, and well-being among medical imaging professionals: creating resilient organizations for sustainable healthcare. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:2168-2170. [PMID: 37736803 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10244-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stijntje W Dijk
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
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Rodriguez‐Valadez JM, Tahsin M, Masharani U, Park M, Hunink MGM, Yeboah J, Li L, Weber E, Berkalieva A, Avezaat L, Max W, Fleischmann KE, Ferket BS. Potential Mediators for Treatment Effects of Novel Diabetes Medications on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes: A Meta-Regression Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032463. [PMID: 38362889 PMCID: PMC11010086 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research suggests clinical effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are mediated by changes in glycated hemoglobin, body weight, systolic blood pressure, hematocrit, and urine albumin-creatinine ratio. We aimed to confirm these findings using a meta-analytic approach. METHODS AND RESULTS We updated a systematic review of 9 GLP-1RA and 13 SGLT2i trials and summarized longitudinal mediator data. We obtained hazard ratios (HRs) for cardiovascular, renal, and mortality outcomes. We performed linear mixed-effects modeling of LogHRs versus changes in potential mediators and investigated differences in meta-regression associations among drug classes using interaction terms. HRs generally became more protective with greater glycated hemoglobin reduction among GLP-1RA trials, with average HR improvements of 20% to 30%, reaching statistical significance for major adverse cardiovascular events (ΔHR, 23%; P=0.02). Among SGLT2i trials, associations with HRs were not significant and differed from GLP1-RA trials for major adverse cardiovascular events (Pinteraction=0.04). HRs for major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, and stroke became less efficacious (ΔHR, -15% to -34%), with more weight loss for SGLT2i but not for GLP-1RA trials (ΔHR, 4%-7%; Pinteraction<0.05). Among 5 SGLT2i trials with available data, HRs for stroke became less efficacious with larger increases in hematocrit (ΔHR, 123%; P=0.09). No changes in HRs by systolic blood pressure (ΔHR, -11% to 9%) and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (ΔHR, -1% to 4%) were found for any outcome. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed increased efficacy findings for major adverse cardiovascular events with reduction in glycated hemoglobin for GLP1-RAs. Further research is needed on the potential loss of cardiovascular benefits with increased weight loss and hematocrit for SGLT2i.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Rodriguez‐Valadez
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Malak Tahsin
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Umesh Masharani
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Meyeon Park
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Division of NephrologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - M. G. Myriam Hunink
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus MCRotterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of RadiologyErasmus MCRotterdamthe Netherlands
- Center for Health Decision Sciences, Harvard TH Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Joseph Yeboah
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Internal MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston SalemNCUSA
| | - Lihua Li
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Ellerie Weber
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Asem Berkalieva
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Luuk Avezaat
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus MCRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Wendy Max
- Institute for Health & Aging and Department of Social and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Kirsten E. Fleischmann
- Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Bart S. Ferket
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
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Caulley L, Quinn JG, Doyle MA, Alkherayf F, Metzendorf MI, Kilty S, Hunink MGM. Surgical and non-surgical interventions for primary and salvage treatment of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 2:CD013561. [PMID: 38318883 PMCID: PMC10845214 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013561.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma is a severe endocrine disease. Surgery is the currently recommended primary therapy for patients with GH-secreting tumours. However, non-surgical therapy (pharmacological therapy and radiation therapy) may be performed as primary therapy or may improve surgical outcomes. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of surgical and non-surgical interventions for primary and salvage treatment of GH-secreting pituitary adenomas in adults. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, WHO ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The date of the last search of all databases was 1 August 2022. We did not apply any language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs of more than 12 weeks' duration, reporting on surgical, pharmacological, radiation, and combination interventions for GH-secreting pituitary adenomas in any healthcare setting. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts for relevance, screened for inclusion, completed data extraction, and performed a risk of bias assessment. We assessed studies for overall certainty of the evidence using GRADE. We estimated treatment effects using random-effects meta-analysis. We expressed results as risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous outcomes together with 95% confidence intervals (CI) or mean differences (MD) for continuous outcomes, or in descriptive format when meta-analysis was not possible. MAIN RESULTS We included eight RCTs that evaluated 445 adults with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas. Four studies reported that they included participants with macroadenomas, one study included a small number of participants with microadenomas. The remaining studies did not specify tumour subtypes. Studies evaluated surgical therapy alone, pharmacological therapy alone, or combination surgical and pharmacological therapy. Methodological quality varied, with many studies providing insufficient information to compare treatment strategies or accurately judge the risk of bias. We identified two main comparisons, surgery alone versus pharmacological therapy alone, and surgery alone versus pharmacological therapy and surgery combined. Surgical therapy alone versus pharmacological therapy alone Three studies with a total of 164 randomised participants investigated this comparison. Only one study narratively described hyperglycaemia as a disease-related complication. All three studies reported adverse events, yet only one study reported numbers separately for the intervention arms; none of the 11 participants were observed to develop gallbladder stones or sludge on ultrasonography following surgery, while five of 11 participants experienced any biliary problems following pharmacological therapy (RR 0.09, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.47; 1 study, 22 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Health-related quality of life was reported to improve similarly in both intervention arms during follow-up. Surgery alone compared to pharmacological therapy alone may slightly increase the biochemical remission rate from 12 weeks to one year after intervention, but the evidence is very uncertain; 36/78 participants in the surgery-alone group versus 15/66 in the pharmacological therapy group showed biochemical remission. The need for additional surgery or non-surgical therapy for recurrent or persistent disease was described for single study arms only. Surgical therapy alone versus preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery Five studies with a total of 281 randomised participants provided data for this comparison. Preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery may have little to no effect on the disease-related complication of a difficult intubation (requiring postponement of surgery) compared to surgery alone, but the evidence is very uncertain (RR 2.00, 95% CI 0.19 to 21.34; 1 study, 98 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Surgery alone may have little to no effect on (transient and persistent) adverse events when compared to preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery, but again, the evidence is very uncertain (RR 1.23, 95% CI 0.75 to 2.03; 5 studies, 267 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Concerning biochemical remission, surgery alone compared to preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery may not increase remission rates up until 16 weeks after surgery; 23 of 134 participants in the surgery-alone group versus 51 of 133 in the preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery group showed biochemical remission. Furthermore, the very low-certainty evidence did not suggest benefit or detriment of preoperative pharmacological therapy and surgery compared to surgery alone for the outcomes 'requiring additional surgery' (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.05 to 5.06; 1 study, 61 participants; very low-certainty evidence) or 'non-surgical therapy for recurrent or persistent disease' (RR 1.22, 95% CI 0.65 to 2.28; 2 studies, 100 participants; very low-certainty evidence). None of the included studies measured health-related quality of life. None of the eight included studies measured disease recurrence or socioeconomic effects. While three of the eight studies reported no deaths to have occurred, one study mentioned that overall, two participants had died within five years of the start of the study. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Within the context of GH-secreting pituitary adenomas, patient-relevant outcomes, such as disease-related complications, adverse events and disease recurrence were not, or only sparsely, reported. When reported, we found that surgery may have little or no effect on the outcomes compared to the comparator treatment. The current evidence is limited by the small number of included studies, as well as the unclear risk of bias in most studies. The high uncertainty of evidence significantly limits the applicability of our findings to clinical practice. Detailed reporting on the burden of recurrent disease is an important knowledge gap to be evaluated in future research studies. It is also crucial that future studies in this area are designed to report on outcomes by tumour subtype (that is, macroadenomas versus microadenomas) so that future subgroup analyses can be conducted. More rigorous and larger studies, powered to address these research questions, are required to assess the merits of neoadjuvant pharmacological therapy or first-line pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Caulley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Institut for Klinisk Medicin, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jason G Quinn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Mary-Anne Doyle
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Fahad Alkherayf
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Maria-Inti Metzendorf
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Shaun Kilty
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Health Decision Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
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Kelkar AH, Cliff ERS, Jacobson CA, Abel GA, Dijk SW, Krijkamp EM, Redd R, Zurko JC, Hamadani M, Hunink MGM, Cutler C. Second-Line Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma : A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Ann Intern Med 2023; 176:1625-1637. [PMID: 38048587 DOI: 10.7326/m22-2276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-line treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) achieves durable remission in approximately 60% of patients. In relapsed or refractory disease, only about 20% achieve durable remission with salvage chemoimmunotherapy and consolidative autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The ZUMA-7 (axicabtagene ciloleucel [axi-cel]) and TRANSFORM (lisocabtagene maraleucel [liso-cel]) trials demonstrated superior event-free survival (and, in ZUMA-7, overall survival) in primary-refractory or early-relapsed (high-risk) DLBCL with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) compared with salvage chemoimmunotherapy and consolidative ASCT; however, list prices for CAR-T exceed $400 000 per infusion. OBJECTIVE To determine the cost-effectiveness of second-line CAR-T versus salvage chemoimmunotherapy and consolidative ASCT. DESIGN State-transition microsimulation model. DATA SOURCES ZUMA-7, TRANSFORM, other trials, and observational data. TARGET POPULATION "High-risk" patients with DLBCL. TIME HORIZON Lifetime. PERSPECTIVE Health care sector. INTERVENTION Axi-cel or liso-cel versus ASCT. OUTCOME MEASURES Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and incremental net monetary benefit (iNMB) in 2022 U.S. dollars per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) for a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $200 000 per QALY. RESULTS OF BASE-CASE ANALYSIS The increase in median overall survival was 4 months for axi-cel and 1 month for liso-cel. For axi-cel, the ICER was $684 225 per QALY and the iNMB was -$107 642. For liso-cel, the ICER was $1 171 909 per QALY and the iNMB was -$102 477. RESULTS OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS To be cost-effective with a WTP of $200 000, the cost of CAR-T would have to be reduced to $321 123 for axi-cel and $313 730 for liso-cel. Implementation in high-risk patients would increase U.S. health care spending by approximately $6.8 billion over a 5-year period. LIMITATION Differences in preinfusion bridging therapies precluded cross-trial comparisons. CONCLUSION Neither second-line axi-cel nor liso-cel was cost-effective at a WTP of $200 000 per QALY. Clinical outcomes improved incrementally, but costs of CAR-T must be lowered substantially to enable cost-effectiveness. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE No research-specific funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar H Kelkar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (A.H.K.)
| | - Edward R Scheffer Cliff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston; and Program on Regulation, Therapeutics and Law, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.R.S.C.)
| | - Caron A Jacobson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (C.A.J., G.A.A., C.C.)
| | - Gregory A Abel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (C.A.J., G.A.A., C.C.)
| | - Stijntje W Dijk
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (S.W.D.)
| | - Eline M Krijkamp
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, and Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.M.K.)
| | - Robert Redd
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (R.R.)
| | - Joanna C Zurko
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin (J.C.Z.)
| | - Mehdi Hamadani
- BMT & Cellular Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (M.H.)
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, and Program on Regulation, Therapeutics and Law, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.G.M.H.)
| | - Corey Cutler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (C.A.J., G.A.A., C.C.)
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Dijk SW, Kroencke T, Wollny C, Barkhausen J, Jansen O, Halfmann MC, Rizopoulos D, Hunink MGM. Medical Imaging Decision And Support (MIDAS): Study protocol for a multi-centre cluster randomized trial evaluating the ESR iGuide. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 135:107384. [PMID: 37949165 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Medical imaging plays an essential role in healthcare. As a diagnostic test, imaging is prone to substantial overuse and potential overdiagnosis, with dire consequences to patient outcomes and health care costs. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) were developed to guide referring physicians in making appropriate imaging decisions. This study will evaluate the effect of implementing a CDSS (ESR iGuide) with versus without active decision support in a physician order entry on the appropriate use of imaging tests and ordering behaviour. METHODS A protocol for a multi-center cluster-randomized trial with departments acting as clusters, combined with a before-after-revert design. Four university hospitals with eight participating departments each for a total of thirty-two clusters will be included in the study. All departments start in control condition with structured data entry of the clinical indication and tracking of the imaging exams requested. Initially, the CDSS is implemented and all physicians remain blinded to appropriateness scores based on the ESR imaging referral guidelines. After randomization, half of the clusters switch to the active intervention of decision support. Physicians in the active condition are made aware of the categorization of their requests as appropriate, under certain conditions appropriate, or inappropriate, and appropriate exams are suggested. Physicians may change their requests in response to feedback. In the revert condition, active decision support is removed to study the educational effect. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS The main outcome is the proportion of inappropriate diagnostic imaging exams requested per cluster. Secondary outcomes are the absolute number of imaging exams, radiation from diagnostic imaging, and medical costs. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Approval from the Medical Ethics Review Committee was obtained under protocol numbers 20-069 (Augsburg), B 238/21 (Kiel), 20-318 (Lübeck) and 2020-15,125 (Mainz). The trial is registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov register under registration number NCT05490290.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijntje W Dijk
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Kroencke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Wollny
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Barkhausen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Olav Jansen
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Moritz C Halfmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dimitris Rizopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States of America.
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Lu CP, Dijk SW, Pandit A, Kranenburg L, Luik AI, Hunink MGM. The effect of mindfulness-based interventions on reducing stress in future health professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023. [PMID: 37527644 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Students in health professions often face high levels of stress due to demanding academic schedules, heavy workloads, disrupted work-life balance, and sleep deprivation. Addressing stress during their education can prevent negative consequences for their mental health and the well-being of their future patients. Previous reviews on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) focused on working health professionals or included a wide range of intervention types and durations. This study aims to investigate the effect of 6- to 12-week MBIs with 1- to 2-h weekly sessions on stress in future health professionals. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials published in English by searching Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PsycINFO. We used post-intervention stress levels and standard deviations to assess the ability of MBIs to reduce stress, summarized by the standardized mean difference (SMD). This review is reported according to the PRISMA checklist (2020). We identified 2932 studies, of which 11 were included in the systematic review and 10 had sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The overall effect of MBIs on reducing stress was a SMD of 0.60 (95% CI [0.27, 0.94]). Our study provides evidence that MBIs have a moderate reducing effect on stress in students in health professions; however, given the high risk of bias, these findings should be interpreted with caution, and further high-quality studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ping Lu
- Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences (NIHES), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stijntje W Dijk
- Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences (NIHES), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aradhana Pandit
- Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences (NIHES), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonieke Kranenburg
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Trimbos Institute, The Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences (NIHES), Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Dijk SW, Steijlen OFM, Kranenburg LW, Rouwet EV, Luik AI, Bierbooms AE, Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij TA, Rizopoulos D, Swanson SA, Hoogendijk WJG, Hunink MGM. DEcrease STress through RESilience training for Students (DESTRESS) Study: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial nested in a longitudinal observational cohort study. Contemp Clin Trials 2022; 122:106928. [PMID: 36116756 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic stress and burnout are highly prevalent among academically trained healthcare professionals, negatively affecting their well-being and capacity to engage in their work. Resilience to stress develops early in one's career path, hence offering resilience training to university students in these professions is one approach to fostering well-being and mental health. The aim of this study is to assess whether offering mindfulness-based resilience training to university students in healthcare professions reduces their perceived chronic stress. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study has a hybrid design combining a longitudinal observational cohort with a nested randomized controlled trial (RCT) with sequential multiple assignment and multistage adaptive interventions while taking participants' preferences into account. All students in healthcare related programmes at the Erasmus University Rotterdam are invited to participate. Within the observational cohort, students with a score of 14 or higher on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) are invited to take part in the RCT (n = 706). Eligible participants are randomized to control or active intervention in a ratio of 1:6. Those randomized to the control group and non-randomized participants in the cohort receive passive web-based psychoeducation about chronic stress and burnout through referral to specific websites. Participants randomized to the intervention group receive one of 8 active mindfulness-based interventions. They select a rank order of 4 preferred interventions and are randomized across these with equal probability. Non-response to the intervention is followed by sequential randomized assignment to another intervention, for a total maximum of 3 sequential interventions. All participants receive questionnaires at baseline, before and after each 8-week intervention period, and at 1- and 2-year follow-up. The primary outcome is perceived chronic stress measured with the PSS. Secondary outcomes include mental well-being, burnout, quality of life, healthcare utilization, drug use, bodyweight, mental and physical stress-related symptoms, resilience, and study progress. ETHICS AND REGISTRATION Approval from the Medical Ethics Review Committee was obtained under protocol number MEC-2018-1645. The trial is registered in the Netherlands National Trial Register by registration number NL7623, 22/03/2019, https://www.trialregister.nl/.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Dijk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences (NIHES), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - O F M Steijlen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences (NIHES), Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L W Kranenburg
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - E V Rouwet
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - A I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - A E Bierbooms
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - D Rizopoulos
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S A Swanson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - W J G Hoogendijk
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - M G M Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences (NIHES), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Centre for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States of America.
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Dijk SW, Krijkamp EM, Kunst N, Gross CP, Wong JB, Hunink MGM. Emerging Therapies for COVID-19: The Value of Information From More Clinical Trials. Value Health 2022; 25:1268-1280. [PMID: 35490085 PMCID: PMC9045876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2022.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates time-sensitive policy and implementation decisions regarding new therapies in the face of uncertainty. This study aimed to quantify consequences of approving therapies or pursuing further research: immediate approval, use only in research, approval with research (eg, emergency use authorization), or reject. METHODS Using a cohort state-transition model for hospitalized patients with COVID-19, we estimated quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and costs associated with the following interventions: hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, casirivimab-imdevimab, dexamethasone, baricitinib-remdesivir, tocilizumab, lopinavir-ritonavir, interferon beta-1a, and usual care. We used the model outcomes to conduct cost-effectiveness and value of information analyses from a US healthcare perspective and a lifetime horizon. RESULTS Assuming a $100 000-per-QALY willingness-to-pay threshold, only remdesivir, casirivimab-imdevimab, dexamethasone, baricitinib-remdesivir, and tocilizumab were (cost-) effective (incremental net health benefit 0.252, 0.164, 0.545, 0.668, and 0.524 QALYs and incremental net monetary benefit $25 249, $16 375, $54 526, $66 826, and $52 378). Our value of information analyses suggest that most value can be obtained if these 5 therapies are approved for immediate use rather than requiring additional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (net value $20.6 billion, $13.4 billion, $7.4 billion, $54.6 billion, and $7.1 billion), hydroxychloroquine (net value $198 million) is only used in further RCTs if seeking to demonstrate decremental cost-effectiveness and otherwise rejected, and interferon beta-1a and lopinavir-ritonavir are rejected (ie, neither approved nor additional RCTs). CONCLUSIONS Estimating the real-time value of collecting additional evidence during the pandemic can inform policy makers and clinicians about the optimal moment to implement therapies and whether to perform further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijntje W Dijk
- Departments of Epidemiology and Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eline M Krijkamp
- Departments of Epidemiology and Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natalia Kunst
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy, and Effectiveness Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cary P Gross
- Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy, and Effectiveness Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John B Wong
- Division of Clinical Decision Making, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Departments of Epidemiology and Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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9
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Kelkar AH, Cliff ERS, Jacobson CA, Abel GA, Redd R, Dijk S, Krijkamp E, Hunink MGM, Cutler CS. Cost-effectiveness of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy versus autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in first relapse. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.7537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7537 Background: The recently reported ZUMA-7 and TRANSFORM trials demonstrate superior event-free survival among patients with primary refractory or early relapsed DLBCL compared to salvage chemotherapy with ASCT. However, given a cost of >$370,000, it is not known whether second-line CAR-T is cost-effective compared to ASCT. Thus, we developed a state-transition microsimulation model to simulate clinical outcomes and costs associated with therapy for DLBCL patients in first relapse, using ZUMA-7 and TRANSFORM data. Methods: The model begins at initiation of second-line therapy comparing salvage chemotherapy with ASCT or CAR-T therapy. We examined a three-year time horizon, including crossover to the alternative strategy therapy in the third line, as well as subsequent lines of therapy, using open-source Amua 0.3.0 software. Base case analysis was performed using 1000 first-order Monte Carlo simulations and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was performed with 1000 simulations to test model uncertainty. Conditional probabilities of survival and disease progression were extracted from Kaplan-Meier curves from pivotal clinical trials using the WebPlotDigitizer tool. Costs were estimated from public sources in US Dollars ($) and effects were estimated in quality-adjusted life years (QALY) using published utility values. Results: Median overall survival was 15 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 13-19 months) with ASCT and 21 months (95% CI 17-29 months) with CAR-T. The PSA demonstrated costs and effectiveness per patient of $243,581 and 1.06 QALYs with ASCT and $470,150 and 1.22 QALYs with CAR-T with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $1,383,320/QALY. Incremental net monetary benefit of CAR-T versus ASCT, based on a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $200,000/QALY, was -$193,812. The break-even price for CAR-T and all subsequent therapies, based on a one-way sensitivity analysis, was $170,489. Conclusions: The model demonstrated improved survival and QALYs for the second-line CAR-T therapy, but was not cost-effective, as the ICER exceeded $1,000,000/QALY, which is higher than most accepted WTP thresholds. A limitation of these early data is that they only assess outcomes over three years. To estimate the full effect of these therapies, we will extrapolate the Kaplan-Meier curves for additional analyses. Clinical outcomes of second-line CAR-T are promising, but prices would need to be considerably lower to enable equitable access and affordability.[Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gregory A. Abel
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Stijntje Dijk
- Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eline Krijkamp
- Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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10
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Lo AC, James LP, Prica A, Raymakers A, Peacock S, Qu M, Louie AV, Savage KJ, Sehn L, Hodgson D, Yang JC, Eich HTT, Wirth A, Hunink MGM. Positron-emission tomography-based staging is cost-effective in early-stage follicular lymphoma. J Nucl Med 2021; 63:543-548. [PMID: 34413148 PMCID: PMC8973292 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to assess the cost-effectiveness of staging PET/CT in early-stage follicular lymphoma (FL) from the Canadian health-care system perspective. Methods: The study population was FL patients staged as early-stage using conventional CT imaging and planned for curative-intent radiation therapy (RT). A decision analytic model simulated the management after adding staging PET/CT versus using staging CT alone. In the no-PET/CT strategy, all patients proceeded to curative-intent RT as planned. In the PET/CT strategy, PET/CT information could result in an increased RT volume, switching to a noncurative approach, or no change in RT treatment as planned. The subsequent disease course was described using a state-transition cohort model over a 30-y time horizon. Diagnostic characteristics, probabilities, utilities, and costs were derived from the literature. Baseline analysis was performed using quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), costs (2019 Canadian dollars), and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Deterministic sensitivity analyses were conducted, evaluating net monetary benefit at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000/QALY. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis using 10,000 simulations was performed. Costs and QALYs were discounted at a rate of 1.5%. Results: In the reference case scenario, staging PET/CT was the dominant strategy, resulting in an average lifetime cost saving of $3,165 and a gain of 0.32 QALYs. In deterministic sensitivity analyses, the PET/CT strategy remained the preferred strategy for all scenarios supported by available data. In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, the PET/CT strategy was strongly dominant in 77% of simulations (i.e., reduced cost and increased QALYs) and was cost-effective in 89% of simulations (i.e., either saved costs or had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio below $100,000/QALY). Conclusion: Our analysis showed that the use of PET/CT to stage early-stage FL patients reduces cost and improves QALYs. Patients with early-stage FL should undergo PET/CT before curative-intent RT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Melody Qu
- London Health Sciences Centre, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Joanna C Yang
- University of California, San Francisco, United States
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11
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Fakhry F, Rouwet EV, Spillenaar Bilgen R, van der Laan L, Wever JJ, Teijink JAW, Hoffmann WH, van Petersen A, van Brussel JP, Stultiens GNM, Derom A, den Hoed PT, Ho GH, van Dijk LC, Verhofstad N, Orsini M, Hulst I, van Sambeek MRHM, Rizopoulos D, Moelker A, Hunink MGM. Endovascular Revascularization Plus Supervised Exercise Versus Supervised Exercise Only for Intermittent Claudication: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 14:e010703. [PMID: 34253049 DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.121.010703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Fakhry
- Department of Epidemiology (F.F., R.S.B., M.G.M.H.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology (F.F., A.M., M.G.M.H.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen V Rouwet
- Department of Public Health (E.V.R.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reinier Spillenaar Bilgen
- Department of Epidemiology (F.F., R.S.B., M.G.M.H.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lijckle van der Laan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, the Netherlands (L.v.d.L., G.H.H.)
| | - Jan J Wever
- Interventional Radiology, Haga Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands (J.J.W., L.C.v.D.)
| | - Joep A W Teijink
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands (N.V., J.A.W.T., M.R.H.M.v.S.)
| | - Wolter H Hoffmann
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, the Netherlands (W.H.H., M.O.)
| | - Andre van Petersen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Bernhoven Hospital, Uden, the Netherlands (A.v.P.)
| | - Jerome P van Brussel
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Sint Franciscus Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.P.v.B.)
| | | | - Alex Derom
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zorgsaam Hospital, Terneuzen, the Netherlands (A.D.)
| | - P Ted den Hoed
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ikazia Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (P.T.d.H.)
| | - Gwan H Ho
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, the Netherlands (L.v.d.L., G.H.H.)
| | - Lukas C van Dijk
- Interventional Radiology, Haga Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands (J.J.W., L.C.v.D.)
| | - Nicole Verhofstad
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands (N.V., J.A.W.T., M.R.H.M.v.S.)
| | - Mariella Orsini
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, the Netherlands (W.H.H., M.O.)
| | | | - Marc R H M van Sambeek
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands (N.V., J.A.W.T., M.R.H.M.v.S.)
| | - Dimitris Rizopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics (D.R.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adriaan Moelker
- Department of Radiology (F.F., A.M., M.G.M.H.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology (F.F., R.S.B., M.G.M.H.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology (F.F., A.M., M.G.M.H.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (M.G.M.H.)
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12
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Ferket BS, Hunink MGM, Masharani U, Max W, Yeboah J, Fleischmann KE. Long-term Predictions of Incident Coronary Artery Calcium to 85 Years of Age for Asymptomatic Individuals With and Without Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:1664-1671. [PMID: 34078663 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the utility of repeated computed tomography (CT) coronary artery calcium (CAC) testing, we assessed risks of detectable CAC and its cardiovascular consequences in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes ages 45-85 years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included 5,836 individuals (618 with type 2 diabetes, 2,972 without baseline CAC) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. With logistic and Cox regression we evaluated the impact of type 2 diabetes, diabetes treatment duration, and other predictors on prevalent and incident CAC. We used time-dependent Cox modeling of follow-up data (median 15.9 years) for two repeat CT exams and cardiovascular events to assess the association of CAC at follow-up CT with cardiovascular events. RESULTS For 45 year olds with type 2 diabetes, the likelihood of CAC at baseline was 23% vs. 17% for those without. Median age at incident CAC was 52.2 vs. 62.3 years for those with and without diabetes, respectively. Each 5 years of diabetes treatment increased the odds and hazard rate of CAC by 19% (95% CI 8-33) and 22% (95% CI 6-41). Male sex, White ethnicity/race, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and low serum creatinine also increased CAC. CAC at follow-up CT independently increased coronary heart disease rates. CONCLUSIONS We estimated cumulative CAC incidence to age 85 years. Patients with type 2 diabetes develop CAC at a younger age than those without diabetes. Because incident CAC is associated with increased coronary heart disease risk, the value of periodic CAC-based risk assessment in type 2 diabetes should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart S Ferket
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Departments of Epidemiology and Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Umesh Masharani
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Wendy Max
- Institute for Health & Aging and Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Joseph Yeboah
- Heart and Vascular Center of Excellence, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston Salem, NC
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13
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Abstract
Clinical trials require participation of numerous patients, enormous research resources and substantial public funding. Time-consuming trials lead to delayed implementation of beneficial interventions and to reduced benefit to patients. This manuscript discusses two methods for the allocation of research resources and reviews a framework for prioritisation and design of clinical trials. The traditional error-driven approach of clinical trial design controls for type I and II errors. However, controlling for those statistical errors has limited relevance to policy makers. Therefore, this error-driven approach can be inefficient, waste research resources and lead to research with limited impact on daily practice. The novel value-driven approach assesses the currently available evidence and focuses on designing clinical trials that directly inform policy and treatment decisions. Estimating the net value of collecting further information, prior to undertaking a trial, informs a decision maker whether a clinical or health policy decision can be made with current information or if collection of extra evidence is justified. Additionally, estimating the net value of new information guides study design, data collection choices, and sample size estimation. The value-driven approach ensures the efficient use of research resources, reduces unnecessary burden to trial participants, and accelerates implementation of beneficial healthcare interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Heath
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Biostatistics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. .,Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. .,Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. .,Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Eline Krijkamp
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Petros Pechlivanoglou
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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14
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Morey JR, Jiang S, Klein S, Max W, Masharani U, Fleischmann KE, Hunink MGM, Ferket BS. Estimating Long-Term Health Utility Scores and Expenditures for Cardiovascular Disease From the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2021; 14:e006769. [PMID: 33761758 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.120.006769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term health utility scores and costs used in cost-effectiveness analyses of cardiovascular disease prevention and management can be inconsistent, outdated, or invalid for the diverse population of the United States. Our aim was to develop a user friendly, standardized, publicly available code and catalog to derive more valid long-term values for health utility and expenditures following cardiovascular disease events. METHODS Individual-level Short Form-12 version 2 health-related quality of life and expenditure data were obtained from the pooled 2011 to 2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys. We developed code using the R programming language to estimate preference-weighted Short Form-6D utility scores from the Short Form-12 for quality-adjusted life year calculations and predict annual health care expenditures. Result predictors included cardiovascular disease diagnosis (myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, heart failure, cardiac dysrhythmias, angina pectoris, and peripheral artery disease), sociodemographic factors, and comorbidity variables. RESULTS The cardiovascular disease diagnoses with the lowest utility scores were heart failure (0.635 [95% CI, 0.615-0.655]), angina pectoris (0.649 [95% CI, 0.630-0.667]), and ischemic stroke (0.649 [95% CI, 0.635-0.663]). The highest annual expenditures were for heart failure ($20 764 [95% CI, $17 500-$24 027]), angina pectoris ($18 428 [95% CI, $16 102-$20 754]), and ischemic stroke ($16 925 [95% CI, $15 672-$20 616]). CONCLUSIONS The developed code and catalog may improve the quality and comparability of cost-effectiveness analyses by providing standardized methods for extracting long-term health utility scores and expenditures from Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data, which are more current and representative of the US population than previous sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Morey
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.R.M., B.S.F.)
| | - Shangqing Jiang
- The Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy and Economics (CHOICE) Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (S.J.)
| | - Sharon Klein
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, East Garden City, NY (S.K.)
| | - Wendy Max
- Institute for Health and Aging and Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences (W.M.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Umesh Masharani
- Department of Medicine (U.M., K.E.F.), University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Departments of Epidemiology and Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.G.M.H.).,Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA (M.G.M.H.)
| | - Bart S Ferket
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.R.M., B.S.F.)
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15
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de Vries BA, Breda SJ, Meuffels DE, Hanff DF, Hunink MGM, Krestin GP, Oei EHG. Diagnostic accuracy of grayscale, power Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasound compared with contrast-enhanced MRI in the visualization of synovitis in knee osteoarthritis. Eur J Radiol 2020; 133:109392. [PMID: 33157371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the diagnostic accuracy of grayscale (GSUS), power Doppler (PDUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for detecting synovitis in knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHOD Patients with different degrees of radiographic knee OA were included prospectively. All underwent GSUS, PDUS, CEUS, and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI), on which synovitis was assessed semi-quantitatively. Correlations of synovitis severity on ultrasound based techniques with CE-MRI were determined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess diagnostic performance of GSUS, PDUS, and CEUS, for detecting synovitis, using CE-MRI as reference-standard. RESULTS In the 31 patients included, synovitis scoring on GSUS and CEUS was significantly correlated (ρ = 0.608, p < 0.001 and ρ = 0.391, p = 0.033) with CE-MRI. For detecting mild synovitis, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.781 (95 %CI 0.609-0.953) for GSUS, 0.788 (0.622-0.954) for PDUS, and 0.653 (0.452-0.853) for CEUS. Sensitivity and specificity were 0.667 (0.431-0.845) and 0.700 (0.354-0.919) for GSUS, 0.905 (0.682-0.983) and 0.500 (0.201-0.799) for PDUS, and 0.550 (0.320-0.762) and 0.700 (0.354-0.919) for CEUS, respectively. The AUC of GSUS increased to 0.862 (0.735-0.989), 0.823 (0.666-0.979), and 0.885 (0.767-1.000), when combined with PDUS, CEUS, or both, respectively. For detecting moderate synovitis, the AUC of GSUS was higher (0.882 (0.750-1.000)) and no added value of PDUS and CEUS was observed. CONCLUSIONS GSUS has limited overall accuracy for detecting synovitis in knee OA. When GSUS is combined with PDUS or CEUS, overall diagnostic performance improves for detecting mild synovitis, but not for moderate synovitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas A de Vries
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Stephan J Breda
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Duncan E Meuffels
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - David F Hanff
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Gabriel P Krestin
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Edwin H G Oei
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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16
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Pietersma CS, Mulders AGMGJ, Moolenaar LM, Hunink MGM, Koning AHJ, Willemsen SP, Go ATJI, Steegers EAP, Rousian M. First trimester anomaly scan using virtual reality (VR FETUS study): study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:515. [PMID: 32894073 PMCID: PMC7487721 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years it has become clear that fetal anomalies can already be detected at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy by two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound. This is why increasingly in developed countries the first trimester anomaly scan is being offered as part of standard care. We have developed a Virtual Reality (VR) approach to improve the diagnostic abilities of 2D ultrasound. Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound datasets are used in VR assessment, enabling real depth perception and unique interaction. The aim of this study is to investigate whether first trimester 3D VR ultrasound is of additional value in terms of diagnostic accuracy for the detection of fetal anomalies. Health-related quality of life, cost-effectiveness and also the perspective of both patient and ultrasonographer on the 3D VR modality will be studied. Methods Women in the first trimester of a high risk pregnancy for a fetus with a congenital anomaly are eligible for inclusion. This is a randomized controlled trial with two intervention arms. The control group receives ‘care as usual’: a second trimester 2D advanced ultrasound examination. The intervention group will undergo an additional first trimester 2D and 3D VR ultrasound examination. Following each examination participants will fill in validated questionnaires evaluating their quality of life and healthcare related expenses. Participants’ and ultrasonographers’ perspectives on the 3D VR ultrasound will be surveyed. The primary outcome will be the detection of fetal anomalies. The additional first trimester 3D VR ultrasound examination will be compared to ‘care as usual’. Neonatal or histopathological examinations are considered the gold standard for the detection of congenital anomalies. To reach statistical significance and 80% power with a detection rate of 65% for second trimester ultrasound examination and 70% for the combined detection of first trimester 3D VR and second trimester ultrasound examination, a sample size of 2800 participants is needed. Discussion First trimester 3D VR detection of fetal anomalies may improve patients’ quality of life through reassurance or earlier identification of malformations. Results of this study will provide policymakers and healthcare professionals with the highest level of evidence for cost-effectiveness of first trimester ultrasound using a 3D VR approach. Trial registration Dutch Trial Registration number NTR6309, date of registration 26 January 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Pietersma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A G M G J Mulders
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L M Moolenaar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M G M Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - A H J Koning
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S P Willemsen
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A T J I Go
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E A P Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Rousian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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17
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Spahillari A, Zhu J, Ferket BS, Hunink MGM, Carr JJ, Terry JG, Nelson C, Mwasongwe S, Mentz RJ, O'Brien EC, Correa A, Shah RV, Murthy VL, Pandya A. Cost-effectiveness of Contemporary Statin Use Guidelines With or Without Coronary Artery Calcium Assessment in African American Individuals. JAMA Cardiol 2020; 5:871-880. [PMID: 32401264 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Importance Clinical and economic consequences of statin treatment guidelines supplemented by targeted coronary artery calcium (CAC) assessment have not been evaluated in African American individuals, who are at increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and less likely than non-African American individuals to receive statin therapy. Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guideline without a recommendation for CAC assessment vs the 2018 ACC/AHA guideline recommendation for use of a non-0 CAC score measured on one occasion to target generic-formulation, moderate-intensity statin treatment in African American individuals at risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Design, Setting, and Participants A microsimulation model was designed to estimate life expectancy, quality of life, costs, and health outcomes over a lifetime horizon. African American-specific data from 472 participants in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) at intermediate risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other US population-specific data on individuals from published sources were used. Data analysis was conducted from November 11, 2018, to November 1, 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures Lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), discounted at 3% annually. Results In a model-based economic evaluation informed in part by follow-up data, the analysis was focused on 472 individuals in the JHS at intermediate risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; mean (SD) age was 63 (6.7) years. The sample included 243 women (51.5%) and 229 men (48.5%). Of these, 178 of 304 participants (58.6%) who underwent CAC assessment had a non-0 CAC score. In the base-case scenario, implementation of 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines without CAC assessment provided a greater quality-adjusted life expectancy (0.0027 QALY) at a higher cost ($428.97) compared with the 2018 ACC/AHA guideline strategy with CAC assessment, yielding an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $158 325/QALY, which is considered to represent low-value care by the ACC/AHA definition. The 2018 ACC/AHA guideline strategy with CAC assessment provided greater quality-adjusted life expectancy at a lower cost compared with the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines without CAC assessment when there was a strong patient preference to avoid use of daily medication therapy. In probability sensitivity analyses, the 2018 ACC/AHA guideline strategy with CAC assessment was cost-effective compared with the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines without CAC assessment in 76% of simulations at a willingness-to-pay value of $100 000/QALY when there was a preference to lose 2 weeks of perfect health to avoid 1 decade of daily therapy. Conclusions and Relevance A CAC assessment-guided strategy for statin therapy appears to be cost-effective compared with initiating statin therapy in all African American individuals at intermediate risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and may provide greater quality-adjusted life expectancy at a lower cost than a non-CAC assessment-guided strategy when there is a strong patient preference to avoid the need for daily medication. Coronary artery calcium testing may play a role in shared decision-making regarding statin use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aferdita Spahillari
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Jinyi Zhu
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bart S Ferket
- Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology and Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James G Terry
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Cheryl Nelson
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stanford Mwasongwe
- Field Center, Jackson Heart Study, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Robert J Mentz
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Emily C O'Brien
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Venkatesh L Murthy
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Ankur Pandya
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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18
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Caulley L, Quinn JG, Doyle MA, Alkherayf F, Kilty S, Hunink MGM. Surgical and non-surgical interventions for primary and salvage treatment of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas in adults. Hippokratia 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Caulley
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; 500 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario Canada N4K7A2
| | - Jason G Quinn
- Dalhousie University; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; 5788 University Avenue Halifax Nova Scotia Canada B3H 1V8
| | - Mary-Anne Doyle
- University of Ottawa; Endocrinology and Metabolism; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Fahad Alkherayf
- The Ottawa Hospital; Neurosurgery; 1053 Carling Avenue, Room C2118 Ottawa Ontario Canada K1Y 4E9
| | - Shaun Kilty
- University of Ottawa; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery; 132-737 Parkdale Avenue Ottawa ON Canada K1Y 1J8
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Erasmus MC; Department of Epidemiology; PO Box 2040 Rotterdam Netherlands 3000 CA
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19
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Krijkamp EM, Alarid-Escudero F, Enns EA, Pechlivanoglou P, Hunink MGM, Yang A, Jalal HJ. A Multidimensional Array Representation of State-Transition Model Dynamics. Med Decis Making 2020; 40:242-248. [PMID: 31989862 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x19893973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cost-effectiveness analyses often rely on cohort state-transition models (cSTMs). The cohort trace is the primary outcome of cSTMs, which captures the proportion of the cohort in each health state over time (state occupancy). However, the cohort trace is an aggregated measure that does not capture information about the specific transitions among health states (transition dynamics). In practice, these transition dynamics are crucial in many applications, such as incorporating transition rewards or computing various epidemiological outcomes that could be used for model calibration and validation (e.g., disease incidence and lifetime risk). In this article, we propose an alternative approach to compute and store cSTMs outcomes that capture both state occupancy and transition dynamics. This approach produces a multidimensional array from which both the state occupancy and the transition dynamics can be recovered. We highlight the advantages of the multidimensional array over the traditional cohort trace and provide potential applications of the proposed approach with an example coded in R to facilitate the implementation of our method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline M Krijkamp
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Alarid-Escudero
- Drug Policy Program, Center for Research and Teaching in Economics, (CIDE)-CONACyT, Aguascalientes, Ags., Mexico
| | - Eva A Enns
- Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Petros Pechlivanoglou
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Departments of Epidemiology and Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Center of Health Decision Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan Yang
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hawre J Jalal
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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20
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Venema E, Lingsma HF, Chalos V, Mulder MJHL, Lahr MMH, van der Lugt A, van Es ACGM, Steyerberg EW, Hunink MGM, Dippel DWJ, Roozenbeek B. Personalized Prehospital Triage in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2019; 50:313-320. [PMID: 30661502 PMCID: PMC6358183 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.022562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background and Purpose— Direct transportation to a center with facilities for endovascular treatment might be beneficial for patients with acute ischemic stroke, but it can also cause harm by delay of intravenous treatment. Our aim was to determine the optimal prehospital transportation strategy for individual patients and to assess which factors influence this decision. Methods— We constructed a decision tree model to compare outcome of ischemic stroke patients after transportation to a primary stroke center versus a more distant intervention center. The optimal strategy was estimated based on individual patient characteristics, geographic location, and workflow times. In the base case scenario, the primary stroke center was located at 20 minutes and the intervention center at 45 minutes. Additional sensitivity analyses included an urban scenario (10 versus 20 minutes) and a rural scenario (30 versus 90 minutes). Results— Direct transportation to the intervention center led to better outcomes in the base case scenario when the likelihood of a large vessel occlusion as a cause of the ischemic stroke was >33%. With a high likelihood of large vessel occlusion (66%, comparable with a Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation score of 5 or above), the benefit of direct transportation to the intervention center was 0.10 quality-adjusted life years (=36 days in full health). In the urban scenario, direct transportation to an intervention center was beneficial when the risk of large vessel occlusion was 24% or higher. In the rural scenario, this threshold was 49%. Other factors influencing the decision included door-to-needle times, door-to-groin times, and the door-in-door-out time. Conclusions— The preferred prehospital transportation strategy for suspected stroke patients depends mainly on the likelihood of large vessel occlusion, driving times, and in-hospital workflow times. We constructed a robust model that combines these characteristics and can be used to personalize prehospital triage, especially in more remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmee Venema
- From the Department of Public Health (E.V., H.F.L., V.C., E.W.S.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology (E.V., V.C., M.J.H.L.M., D.W.J.D., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hester F Lingsma
- From the Department of Public Health (E.V., H.F.L., V.C., E.W.S.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vicky Chalos
- From the Department of Public Health (E.V., H.F.L., V.C., E.W.S.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology (E.V., V.C., M.J.H.L.M., D.W.J.D., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (V.C., M.J.H.L.M., A.v.d.L., A.C.G.M.v.E., M.G.M.H., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maxim J H L Mulder
- Department of Neurology (E.V., V.C., M.J.H.L.M., D.W.J.D., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (V.C., M.J.H.L.M., A.v.d.L., A.C.G.M.v.E., M.G.M.H., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten M H Lahr
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands (M.M.H.L.)
| | - Aad van der Lugt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (V.C., M.J.H.L.M., A.v.d.L., A.C.G.M.v.E., M.G.M.H., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adriaan C G M van Es
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (V.C., M.J.H.L.M., A.v.d.L., A.C.G.M.v.E., M.G.M.H., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ewout W Steyerberg
- From the Department of Public Health (E.V., H.F.L., V.C., E.W.S.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands (E.W.S.)
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (V.C., M.J.H.L.M., A.v.d.L., A.C.G.M.v.E., M.G.M.H., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Centre for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (M.G.M.H.)
| | - Diederik W J Dippel
- Department of Neurology (E.V., V.C., M.J.H.L.M., D.W.J.D., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bob Roozenbeek
- Department of Neurology (E.V., V.C., M.J.H.L.M., D.W.J.D., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (V.C., M.J.H.L.M., A.v.d.L., A.C.G.M.v.E., M.G.M.H., B.R.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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21
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Wagensveld IM, Hunink MGM, Wielopolski PA, van Kemenade FJ, Krestin GP, Blokker BM, Oosterhuis JW, Weustink AC. Hospital implementation of minimally invasive autopsy: A prospective cohort study of clinical performance and costs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219291. [PMID: 31310623 PMCID: PMC6634385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Autopsy rates worldwide have dropped significantly over the last decades and imaging-based autopsies are increasingly used as an alternative to conventional autopsy. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical performance and cost of minimally invasive autopsy. Methods This study was part of a prospective cohort study evaluating a newly implemented minimally invasive autopsy consisting of MRI, CT, and biopsies. We calculated diagnostic yield and clinical utility—defined as the percentage successfully answered clinical questions—of minimally invasive autopsy. We performed minimally invasive autopsy in 46 deceased (30 men, 16 women; mean age 62.9±17.5, min-max: 18–91). Results Ninety-six major diagnoses were found with the minimally invasive autopsy of which 47/96 (49.0%) were new diagnoses. CT found 65/96 (67.7%) major diagnoses and MRI found 82/96 (85.4%) major diagnoses. Eighty-four clinical questions were asked in all cases. Seventy-one (84.5%) of these questions could be answered with minimally invasive autopsy. CT successfully answered 34/84 (40.5%) clinical questions; in 23/84 (27.4%) without the need for biopsies, and in 11/84 (13.0%) a biopsy was required. MRI successfully answered 60/84 (71.4%) clinical questions, in 27/84 (32.1%) without the need for biopsies, and in 33/84 (39.8%) a biopsy was required. The mean cost of a minimally invasive autopsy was €1296 including brain biopsies and €1087 without brain biopsies. Mean cost of CT was €187 and of MRI €284. Conclusions A minimally invasive autopsy, consisting of CT, MRI and CT-guided biopsies, performs well in answering clinical questions and detecting major diagnoses. However, the diagnostic yield and clinical utility were quite low for postmortem CT and MRI as standalone modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo M. Wagensveld
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - M. G. Myriam Hunink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, United States of America
| | - Piotr A. Wielopolski
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gabriel P. Krestin
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Britt M. Blokker
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J. Wolter Oosterhuis
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annick C. Weustink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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Gotink RA, Vernooij MW, Ikram MA, Niessen WJ, Krestin GP, Hofman A, Tiemeier H, Hunink MGM. Meditation and yoga practice are associated with smaller right amygdala volume: the Rotterdam study. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 12:1631-1639. [PMID: 29417491 PMCID: PMC6302143 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To determine the association between meditation and yoga practice, experienced stress, and amygdala and hippocampal volume in a large population-based study. This study was embedded within the population-based Rotterdam Study and included 3742 participants for cross-sectional association. Participants filled out a questionnaire assessing meditation practice, yoga practice, and experienced stress, and underwent a magnetic resonance scan of the brain. 2397 participants underwent multiple brain scans, and were assessed for structural change over time. Amygdala and hippocampal volumes were regions of interest, as these are structures that may be affected by meditation. Multivariable linear regression analysis and mixed linear models were performed adjusted for age, sex, educational level, intracranial volume, cardiovascular risk, anxiety, depression and stress. 15.7% of individuals participated in at least one form of practice. Those who performed meditation and yoga practices reported significantly more stress (mean difference 0.2 on a 1–5 scale, p < .001) and more depressive symptoms (mean difference 1.03 on CESD, p = .015). Partaking in meditation and yoga practices was associated with a significantly lower right amygdala volume (β = − 31.8 mm3, p = .005), and lower left hippocampus volume (β = − 75.3 mm3, p = .025). Repeated measurements using linear mixed models showed a significant effect over time on the right amygdala of practicing meditation and yoga (β = − 24.4 mm3, SE 11.3, p = .031). Partaking in meditation and yoga practice is associated with more experienced stress while it also helps cope with stress, and is associated with smaller right amygdala volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinske A Gotink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiro J Niessen
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gabriel P Krestin
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. .,Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. .,Center for Health Decision Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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23
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Wagensveld IM, Blokker BM, Pezzato A, Wielopolski PA, Renken NS, von der Thüsen JH, Krestin GP, Hunink MGM, Oosterhuis JW, Weustink AC. Diagnostic accuracy of postmortem computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography-guided biopsies for the detection of ischaemic heart disease in a hospital setting. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 19:739-748. [PMID: 29474537 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jey015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The autopsy rate worldwide is alarmingly low (0-15%). Mortality statistics are important, and it is, therefore, essential to perform autopsies in a sufficient proportion of deaths. The imaging autopsy, non-invasive, or minimally invasive autopsy (MIA) can be used as an alternative to the conventional autopsy in an attempt to improve postmortem diagnostics by increasing the number of postmortem procedures. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and CT-guided biopsy for the detection of acute and chronic myocardial ischaemia. Methods and results We included 100 consecutive adult patients who died in hospital, and for whom next-of-kin gave permission to perform both conventional autopsy and MIA. The MIA consists of unenhanced total-body MRI and CT followed by CT-guided biopsies. Conventional autopsy was used as reference standard. We calculated sensitivity and specificity and receiver operating characteristics curves for CT and MRI as the stand-alone test or combined with biopsy for detection of acute and chronic myocardial infarction (MI). Sensitivity and specificity of MRI with biopsies for acute MI was 0.97 and 0.95, respectively and 0.90 and 0.75, respectively for chronic MI. MRI without biopsies showed a high specificity (acute: 0.92; chronic: 1.00), but low sensitivity (acute: 0.50; chronic: 0.35). CT (total Agatston calcium score) had a good diagnostic value for chronic MI [area under curve (AUC) 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64-0.84], but not for acute MI (AUC 0.60, 95% CI 0.48-0.72). Conclusion We found that the combination of MRI with biopsies had high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of acute and chronic myocardial ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo M Wagensveld
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Britt M Blokker
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Pezzato
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Piotr A Wielopolski
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nomdo S Renken
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H von der Thüsen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel P Krestin
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 718 Huntington Avenue, Boston, 02115 MA, USA
| | - J Wolter Oosterhuis
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annick C Weustink
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 's Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Krijkamp EM, Alarid-Escudero F, Enns EA, Jalal HJ, Hunink MGM, Pechlivanoglou P. Microsimulation Modeling for Health Decision Sciences Using R: A Tutorial. Med Decis Making 2019; 38:400-422. [PMID: 29587047 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x18754513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microsimulation models are becoming increasingly common in the field of decision modeling for health. Because microsimulation models are computationally more demanding than traditional Markov cohort models, the use of computer programming languages in their development has become more common. R is a programming language that has gained recognition within the field of decision modeling. It has the capacity to perform microsimulation models more efficiently than software commonly used for decision modeling, incorporate statistical analyses within decision models, and produce more transparent models and reproducible results. However, no clear guidance for the implementation of microsimulation models in R exists. In this tutorial, we provide a step-by-step guide to build microsimulation models in R and illustrate the use of this guide on a simple, but transferable, hypothetical decision problem. We guide the reader through the necessary steps and provide generic R code that is flexible and can be adapted for other models. We also show how this code can be extended to address more complex model structures and provide an efficient microsimulation approach that relies on vectorization solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eva A Enns
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hawre J Jalal
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Erasmus MC, Epidemiology Department, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Erasmus MC, Radiology Department, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Center for Health Decision Science, Boston, USA
| | - Petros Pechlivanoglou
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
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Hamilton TD, MacNeill AJ, Lim H, Hunink MGM. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC Compared With Systemic Chemotherapy in Isolated Peritoneal Carcinomatosis From Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:1110-1117. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-07111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kühlmann AYR, de Rooij A, Hunink MGM, De Zeeuw CI, Jeekel J. Music Affects Rodents: A Systematic Review of Experimental Research. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 12:301. [PMID: 30618659 PMCID: PMC6302112 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There is rapidly emerging interest in music interventions in healthcare. Music interventions are widely applicable, inexpensive, without side effects, and easy to use. It is not precisely known how they exert positive effects on health outcomes. Experimental studies in animal models might reveal more about the pathophysiological mechanisms of music interventions. Methods: We performed a systematic review of experimental research in rodents. The electronic databases EMBASE, Medline(ovidSP), Web-Of-Science, PsycINFO, Cinahl, PubMed publisher, Cochrane, and Google scholar were searched for publications between January 1st 1960 and April 22nd 2017. Eligible were English-written, full-text publications on experimental research in rodents comparing music vs. a control situation. Outcomes were categorized in four domains: brain structure and neuro-chemistry; behavior; immunology; and physiology. Additionally, an overview was generated representing the effects of various types of music on outcomes. Bias in studies was assessed with the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. A meta-analysis was not feasible due to heterogeneous outcomes and lack of original outcome data. Results: Forty-two studies were included. Music-exposed rodents showed statistically significant increases in neuro-chemistry, such as higher BDNF levels, as well as an enhanced propensity for neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. Furthermore, music exposure was linked with statistically significantly improved spatial and auditory learning, reduced anxiety-related behavior, and increased immune responses. Various statistically significant changes occurred in physiological parameters such as blood pressure and (para)sympathetic nerve activity following music interventions. The majority of studies investigated classical music interventions, but other types of music exerted positive effects on outcomes as well. The SYRCLE risk of bias assessment revealed unclear risk of bias in all studies. Conclusions: Music interventions seem to improve brain structure and neuro-chemistry; behavior; immunology; and physiology in rodents. Further research is necessary to explore and optimize the effect of music interventions, and to evaluate its effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Rosalie Kühlmann
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aniek de Rooij
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Radiology and Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johannes Jeekel
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Khanji MY, van Waardhuizen CN, Bicalho VVS, Ferket BS, Hunink MGM, Petersen SE. Lifestyle advice and interventions for cardiovascular risk reduction: A systematic review of guidelines. Int J Cardiol 2018; 263:142-151. [PMID: 29754910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle factors are important in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. We aimed to systematically review guidelines on primary prevention of CVD and their recommendations on lifestyle advice or intervention, in order to guide primary prevention programs. METHODS Publications in MEDLINE, CINAHL over 7 years since May 3, 2009 were identified. G-I-N International Guideline Library, National Guidelines Clearinghouse, National Library for Health Guideline finder, Canadian Medical Association InfoBase were searched. On the February 8, 2017, we updated the search from Websites of organizations responsible for guidelines development. STUDY SELECTION 2 reviewers screened the titles and abstracts to identify Guidelines from Western countries containing recommendations for lifestyle advice and interventions in primary prevention of CVD. DATA EXTRACTION 2 reviewers independently assessed rigor of guideline development using the AGREEII instrument, and one extracted recommendations. RESULTS Of the 7 guidelines identified, 6 showed good rigor of development (range 45-86%). The guidelines were consistent in recommendations for smoking cessation, limiting saturated fat and salt intake, avoiding transaturated-fat and sugar, with particular emphasis on sugar-sweetened beverages. Guidelines generally agreed on recommendations for physical activity levels and diets rich in fruit, vegetables, fish and wholegrains. Guidelines differed on recommendations for specific dietary patterns and alcohol consumption. Recommendations on psychological factors and sleep are currently limited. CONCLUSIONS Current guidelines agree on the importance of lifestyle in the prevention of CVD with consensus on most factors including physical activity, smoking cessation and diet, which should be actively integrated in cardiovascular risk reduction programs aiming to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vinícius V S Bicalho
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora, School of Medicine, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bart S Ferket
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York, United States..
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Blokker BM, Weustink AC, Wagensveld IM, von der Thüsen JH, Pezzato A, Dammers R, Bakker J, Renken NS, den Bakker MA, van Kemenade FJ, Krestin GP, Hunink MGM, Oosterhuis JW. Conventional Autopsy versus Minimally Invasive Autopsy with Postmortem MRI, CT, and CT-guided Biopsy: Comparison of Diagnostic Performance. Radiology 2018; 289:658-667. [PMID: 30251930 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018180924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the diagnostic performance of minimally invasive autopsy with that of conventional autopsy. Materials and Methods For this prospective, single-center, cross-sectional study in an academic hospital, 295 of 2197 adult cadavers (mean age: 65 years [range, 18-99 years]; age range of male cadavers: 18-99 years; age range of female cadavers: 18-98 years) who died from 2012 through 2014 underwent conventional autopsy. Family consent for minimally invasive autopsy was obtained for 139 of the 295 cadavers; 99 of those 139 cadavers were included in this study. Those involved in minimally invasive autopsy and conventional autopsy were blinded to each other's findings. The minimally invasive autopsy procedure combined postmortem MRI, CT, and CT-guided biopsy of main organs and pathologic lesions. The primary outcome measure was performance of minimally invasive autopsy and conventional autopsy in establishing immediate cause of death, as compared with consensus cause of death. The secondary outcome measures were diagnostic yield of minimally invasive autopsy and conventional autopsy for all, major, and grouped major diagnoses; frequency of clinically unsuspected findings; and percentage of answered clinical questions. Results Cause of death determined with minimally invasive autopsy and conventional autopsy agreed in 91 of the 99 cadavers (92%). Agreement with consensus cause of death occurred in 96 of 99 cadavers (97%) with minimally invasive autopsy and in 94 of 99 cadavers (95%) with conventional autopsy (P = .73). All 288 grouped major diagnoses were related to consensus cause of death. Minimally invasive autopsy enabled diagnosis of 259 of them (90%) and conventional autopsy 224 (78%); 200 (69%) were found with both methods. At clinical examination, the cause of death was not suspected in 17 of the 99 cadavers (17%), and 124 of 288 grouped major diagnoses (43%) were not established. There were 219 additional clinical questions; 189 (86%) were answered with minimally invasive autopsy and 182 (83%) were answered with conventional autopsy (P = .35). Conclusion The performance of minimally invasive autopsy in the detection of cause of death was similar to that of conventional autopsy; however, minimally invasive autopsy has a higher yield of diagnoses. © RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Krombach in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt M Blokker
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Annick C Weustink
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Ivo M Wagensveld
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Jan H von der Thüsen
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Andrea Pezzato
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Ruben Dammers
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Jan Bakker
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Nomdo S Renken
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Michael A den Bakker
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Folkert J van Kemenade
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - Gabriel P Krestin
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
| | - J Wolter Oosterhuis
- From the Departments of Pathology (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., J.H.v.d.T., M.A.d.B., F.J.v.K., J.W.O.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.M.B., A.C.W., I.M.W., A.P., G.P.K., M.G.M.H., J.W.O.), Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center (R.D.), Intensive Care Adults (J.B.), and Clinical Epidemiology (M.G.M.H.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.G.M.H.); Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.B.); Department of Radiology, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, the Netherlands (N.S.R.); and Department of Pathology, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (M.A.d.B.)
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Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij TA, Robroek SJW, Kraaijenhagen RA, Helmhout PH, Nieboer D, Burdorf A, Myriam Hunink MG. Effectiveness of the blended-care lifestyle intervention 'PerfectFit': a cluster randomised trial in employees at risk for cardiovascular diseases. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:766. [PMID: 29921255 PMCID: PMC6009059 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web-based lifestyle interventions at the workplace have the potential to promote health and work productivity. However, the sustainability of effects is often small, which could be enhanced by adding face-to-face contacts, so-called 'blended care'. Therefore, this study evaluates the effects of a blended workplace health promotion intervention on health and work outcomes among employees with increased cardiovascular risk. METHODS In this multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial (PerfectFit), 491 workers in 18 work units from military, police, and a hospital with increased cardiovascular risk were randomised into two intervention groups. The limited intervention (n = 213; 9 clusters) consisted of a web-based Health Risk Assessment with advice. In the extensive intervention (n = 271; 8 clusters), coaching sessions by occupational health physicians using motivational interviewing were added. One cluster dropped out after randomisation but before any inclusion of subjects. Primary outcome was self-rated health. Secondary outcomes were body weight, body mass index (BMI), work productivity, and health behaviours. Follow-up measurements were collected at 6 and 12 months. Effect sizes were determined in mixed effects models. RESULTS At 12 months, the extensive intervention was not statistically different from the limited intervention for self-rated health (4.3%; 95%CI -5.3-12.8), BMI (- 0.81; 95%CI -1.87-0.26) and body weight (- 2.16; 95%CI -5.49-1.17). The within-group analysis showed that in the extensive intervention group body weight (- 3.1 kg; 95% CI -2.0 to - 4.3) was statistically significantly reduced, whereas body weight remained stable in the limited intervention group (+ 0.2 kg; 95% CI -1.4 to 1.8). In both randomised groups productivity loss and physical activity increased and excessive alcohol use decreased significantly at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS There were no effects on self-rated health, body weight, and BMI. However, within the group with web-based tailored Health Risk Assessment including personalized advice body weight reduced significantly. Adding motivational coaching is promising to reduce body weight. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospectively registered at the Netherlands Trial Registry with number NTR4894 , at Nov 14 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa A Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Na2818, Postbus 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Occupational Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Suzan J W Robroek
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pieter H Helmhout
- Staff Joint Health Care Division, Command Service Center, Ministry of Defense, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Nieboer
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Na2818, Postbus 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Health Decision Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, USA
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Kühlmann AYR, de Rooij A, Kroese LF, van Dijk M, Hunink MGM, Jeekel J. Meta-analysis evaluating music interventions for anxiety and pain in surgery. Br J Surg 2018; 105:773-783. [PMID: 29665028 PMCID: PMC6175460 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate anxiety and pain following perioperative music interventions compared with control conditions in adult patients. METHODS Eleven electronic databases were searched for full-text publications of RCTs investigating the effect of music interventions on anxiety and pain during invasive surgery published between 1 January 1980 and 20 October 2016. Results and data were double-screened and extracted independently. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate effect sizes as standardized mean differences (MDs). Heterogeneity was investigated in subgroup analyses and metaregression analyses. The review was registered in the PROSPERO database as CRD42016024921. RESULTS Ninety-two RCTs (7385 patients) were included in the systematic review, of which 81 were included in the meta-analysis. Music interventions significantly decreased anxiety (MD -0·69, 95 per cent c.i. -0·88 to -0·50; P < 0·001) and pain (MD -0·50, -0·66 to -0·34; P < 0·001) compared with controls, equivalent to a decrease of 21 mm for anxiety and 10 mm for pain on a 100-mm visual analogue scale. Changes in outcome corrected for baseline were even larger: MD -1·41 (-1·89 to -0·94; P < 0·001) for anxiety and -0·54 (-0·93 to -0·15; P = 0·006) for pain. Music interventions provided during general anaesthesia significantly decreased pain compared with that in controls (MD -0·41, -0·64 to -0·18; P < 0·001). Metaregression analysis found no significant association between the effect of music interventions and age, sex, choice and timing of music, and type of anaesthesia. Risk of bias in the studies was moderate to high. CONCLUSION Music interventions significantly reduce anxiety and pain in adult surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y R Kühlmann
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A de Rooij
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L F Kroese
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M van Dijk
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G M Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Jeekel
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Fakhry F, Fokkenrood HJP, Spronk S, Teijink JAW, Rouwet EV, Hunink MGM. Endovascular revascularisation versus conservative management for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 2018:CD010512. [PMID: 29518253 PMCID: PMC6494207 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010512.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent claudication (IC) is the classic symptomatic form of peripheral arterial disease affecting an estimated 4.5% of the general population aged 40 years and older. Patients with IC experience limitations in their ambulatory function resulting in functional disability and impaired quality of life (QoL). Endovascular revascularisation has been proposed as an effective treatment for patients with IC and is increasingly performed. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this systematic review is to summarise the (added) effects of endovascular revascularisation on functional performance and QoL in the management of IC. SEARCH METHODS For this review the Cochrane Vascular Information Specialist (CIS) searched the Specialised Register (February 2017) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2017, Issue 1). The CIS also searched trials registries for details of ongoing and unpublished studies. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing endovascular revascularisation (± conservative therapy consisting of supervised exercise or pharmacotherapy) versus no therapy (except advice to exercise) or versus conservative therapy (i.e. supervised exercise or pharmacotherapy) for IC. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of studies. Given large variation in the intensity of treadmill protocols to assess walking distances and use of different instruments to assess QoL, we used standardised mean difference (SMD) as treatment effect for continuous outcome measures to allow standardisation of results and calculated the pooled SMD as treatment effect size in meta-analyses. We interpreted pooled SMDs using rules of thumb (< 0.40 = small, 0.40 to 0.70 = moderate, > 0.70 = large effect) according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We calculated the pooled treatment effect size for dichotomous outcome measures as odds ratio (OR). MAIN RESULTS We identified ten RCTs (1087 participants) assessing the value of endovascular revascularisation in the management of IC. These RCTs compared endovascular revascularisation versus no specific treatment for IC or conservative therapy or a combination therapy of endovascular revascularisation plus conservative therapy versus conservative therapy alone. In the included studies, conservative treatment consisted of supervised exercise or pharmacotherapy with cilostazol 100 mg twice daily. The quality of the evidence ranged from low to high and was downgraded mainly owing to substantial heterogeneity and small sample size.Comparing endovascular revascularisation versus no specific treatment for IC (except advice to exercise) showed a moderate effect on maximum walking distance (MWD) (SMD 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31 to 1.08; 3 studies; 125 participants; moderate-quality evidence) and a large effect on pain-free walking distance (PFWD) (SMD 1.29, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.68; 3 studies; 125 participants; moderate-quality evidence) in favour of endovascular revascularisation. Long-term follow-up in two studies (103 participants) showed no clear differences between groups for MWD (SMD 0.67, 95% CI -0.30 to 1.63; low-quality evidence) and PFWD (SMD 0.69, 95% CI -0.45 to 1.82; low-quality evidence). The number of secondary invasive interventions (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.12 to 5.28; 2 studies; 118 participants; moderate-quality evidence) was also not different between groups. One study reported no differences in disease-specific QoL after two years.Data from five studies (n = 345) comparing endovascular revascularisation versus supervised exercise showed no clear differences between groups for MWD (SMD -0.42, 95% CI -0.87 to 0.04; moderate-quality evidence) and PFWD (SMD -0.05, 95% CI -0.38 to 0.29; moderate-quality evidence). Similarliy, long-term follow-up in three studies (184 participants) revealed no differences between groups for MWD (SMD -0.02, 95% CI -0.36 to 0.32; moderate-quality evidence) and PFWD (SMD 0.11, 95% CI -0.26 to 0.48; moderate-quality evidence). In addition, high-quality evidence showed no difference between groups in the number of secondary invasive interventions (OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.70 to 2.80; 4 studies; 395 participants) and in disease-specific QoL (SMD 0.18, 95% CI -0.04 to 0.41; 3 studies; 301 participants).Comparing endovascular revascularisation plus supervised exercise versus supervised exercise alone showed no clear differences between groups for MWD (SMD 0.26, 95% CI -0.13 to 0.64; 3 studies; 432 participants; moderate-quality evidence) and PFWD (SMD 0.33, 95% CI -0.26 to 0.93; 2 studies; 305 participants; moderate-quality evidence). Long-term follow-up in one study (106 participants) revealed a large effect on MWD (SMD 1.18, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.70; low-quality evidence) in favour of the combination therapy. Reports indicate that disease-specific QoL was comparable between groups (SMD 0.25, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.56; 2 studies; 330 participants; moderate-quality evidence) and that the number of secondary invasive interventions (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.55; 3 studies; 457 participants; high-quality evidence) was lower following combination therapy.Two studies comparing endovascular revascularisation plus pharmacotherapy (cilostazol) versus pharmacotherapy alone provided data showing a small effect on MWD (SMD 0.38, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.68; 186 participants; high-quality evidence), a moderate effect on PFWD (SMD 0.63, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.94; 186 participants; high-quality evidence), and a moderate effect on disease-specific QoL (SMD 0.59, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.91; 170 participants; high-quality evidence) in favour of combination therapy. Long-term follow-up in one study (47 participants) revealed a moderate effect on MWD (SMD 0.72, 95% CI 0.09 to 1.36; P = 0.02) in favour of combination therapy and no clear differences in PFWD between groups (SMD 0.54, 95% CI -0.08 to 1.17; P = 0.09). The number of secondary invasive interventions was comparable between groups (OR 1.83, 95% CI 0.49 to 6.83; 199 participants; high-quality evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS In the management of patients with IC, endovascular revascularisation does not provide significant benefits compared with supervised exercise alone in terms of improvement in functional performance or QoL. Although the number of studies is small and clinical heterogeneity underlines the need for more homogenous and larger studies, evidence suggests that a synergetic effect may occur when endovascular revascularisation is combined with a conservative therapy of supervised exercise or pharmacotherapy with cilostazol: the combination therapy seems to result in greater improvements in functional performance and in QoL scores than are seen with conservative therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Fakhry
- Erasmus MCDepartments of Epidemiology & RadiologyDr Molewaterplein 40PO Box 2040RotterdamNetherlands3015 GD
| | | | - Sandra Spronk
- Erasmus MCDepartments of Epidemiology & RadiologyDr Molewaterplein 40PO Box 2040RotterdamNetherlands3015 GD
- Dutch Health Care InspectorateDepartment of Research and InnovationUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Joep AW Teijink
- Catharina HospitalDepartment of Vascular Surgeryvisiting address: Michelangelolaan 2, 5623 EJ, Eindhovenpostal address: P.O. Box 1350EindhovenNetherlands5602 ZA
| | - Ellen V Rouwet
- Erasmus MCDepartment of Vascular SurgeryRotterdamNetherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Erasmus MCDepartment of EpidemiologyPO Box 2040RotterdamNetherlands3000 CA
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Drost FJH, Roobol MJ, Nieboer D, Bangma CH, Steyerberg EW, Hunink MGM, Schoots IG. MRI pathway and TRUS-guided biopsy for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer. Hippokratia 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank-Jan H Drost
- Erasmus University Medical Center; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; 's-Gravendijkwal 230 Room NA-1710, P.O. Box 2040 Rotterdam Zuid-Holland Netherlands 3015 CE
- Erasmus University Medical Center; Department of Urology; Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Monique J Roobol
- Erasmus University Medical Center; Department of Urology; Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Daan Nieboer
- Erasmus University Medical Center; Department of Public Health; Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Chris H Bangma
- Erasmus University Medical Center; Department of Urology; Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Ewout W Steyerberg
- Erasmus University Medical Center; Department of Public Health; Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Erasmus University Medical Center; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; 's-Gravendijkwal 230 Room NA-1710, P.O. Box 2040 Rotterdam Zuid-Holland Netherlands 3015 CE
- Erasmus University Medical Center; Department of Epidemiology; PO Box 2040 Rotterdam Netherlands 3000 CA
- Harvard T.H. School of Public Health, Harvard University; Center for Health Decision Science; Boston USA
| | - Ivo G Schoots
- Erasmus University Medical Center; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; 's-Gravendijkwal 230 Room NA-1710, P.O. Box 2040 Rotterdam Zuid-Holland Netherlands 3015 CE
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Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij TA, Robroek SJ, Ling SW, van Rosmalen J, van Rossum EF, Burdorf A, Hunink MGM. A Blended Web-Based Gaming Intervention on Changes in Physical Activity for Overweight and Obese Employees: Influence and Usage in an Experimental Pilot Study. JMIR Serious Games 2017; 5:e6. [PMID: 28373157 PMCID: PMC5394263 DOI: 10.2196/games.6421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Addressing the obesity epidemic requires the development of effective interventions aimed at increasing physical activity (PA). eHealth interventions with the use of accelerometers and gaming elements, such as rewarding or social bonding, seem promising. These eHealth elements, blended with face-to-face contacts, have the potential to help people adopt and maintain a physically active lifestyle. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the influence and usage of a blended Web-based gaming intervention on PA, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference among overweight and obese employees. Methods In an uncontrolled before-after study, we observed 52 health care employees with BMI more than 25 kg/m2, who were recruited via the company’s intranet and who voluntarily participated in a 23-week Web-based gaming intervention, supplemented (blended) with non-eHealth components. These non-eHealth components were an individual session with an occupational health physician involving motivational interviewing and 5 multidisciplinary group sessions. The game was played by teams in 5 time periods, aiming to gain points by being physically active, as measured by an accelerometer. Data were collected in 2014 and 2015. Primary outcome was PA, defined as length of time at MET (metabolic equivalent task) ≥3, as measured by the accelerometer during the game. Secondary outcomes were reductions in BMI and waist circumference, measured at baseline and 10 and 23 weeks after the start of the program. Gaming elements such as “compliance” with the game (ie, days of accelerometer wear), “engagement” with the game (ie, frequency of reaching a personal monthly target), and “eHealth teams” (ie, social influence of eHealth teams) were measured as potential determinants of the outcomes. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate the effects on all outcome measures. Results The mean age of participants was 48.1 years; most participants were female (42/51, 82%). The mean PA was 86 minutes per day, ranging from 6.5 to 223 minutes, which was on average 26.2 minutes per day more than self-reported PA at baseline and remained fairly constant during the game. Mean BMI was reduced by 1.87 kg/m2 (5.6%) and waist circumference by 5.6 cm (4.8%). The univariable model showed that compliance, engagement, and eHealth team were significantly associated with more PA, which remained significant for eHealth team in the multivariable model. Conclusions This blended Web-based gaming intervention was beneficial for overweight workers in becoming physically active above the recommended activity levels during the entire intervention period, and a favorable influence on BMI and waist circumference was observed. Promising components in the intervention, and thus targets for upscaling, are eHealth teams and engagement with the game. Broader implementation and long-term follow-up can provide insights into the sustainable effects on PA and weight loss and into who benefits the most from this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa A Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Occupational Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Suzan Jw Robroek
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sui Wai Ling
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joost van Rosmalen
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Fc van Rossum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Obesity Center CGG, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Center for Health Decision Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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Abstract
In the era of value-based health care, adding value is a key element in providing care. The choice of appropriate imaging modality and protocol should be based on consideration of patients' values, health care outcomes, and cost-effectiveness, taking into account the perspective of the decision maker, the health care system, and society at large. This article provides an overview of the available tools to measure value, outcomes, and cost-effectiveness in musculoskeletal radiology, illustrated with relevant examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Visser
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin H G Oei
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Ferket BS, Hunink MGM, Khanji M, Agarwal I, Fleischmann KE, Petersen SE. Cost-effectiveness of the polypill versus risk assessment for prevention of cardiovascular disease. Heart 2017; 103:483-491. [PMID: 28077465 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is an international trend towards recommending medication to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals at increasingly lower cardiovascular risk. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of a population approach with a polypill including a statin (simvastatin 20 mg) and three antihypertensive agents (amlodipine 2.5 mg, losartan 25 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg) and periodic risk assessment with different risk thresholds. METHODS We developed a microsimulation model for lifetime predictions of CVD events, diabetes, and death in 259 146 asymptomatic UK Biobank participants aged 40-69 years. We assessed incremental costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for polypill scenarios with the same combination of agents and doses but differing for starting age, and periodic risk assessment with 10-year CVD risk thresholds of 10% and 20%. RESULTS Restrictive risk assessment, in which statins and antihypertensives were prescribed when risk exceeded 20%, was the optimal strategy gaining 123 QALYs (95% credible interval (CI) -173 to 387) per 10 000 individuals at an extra cost of £1.45 million (95% CI 0.89 to 1.94) as compared with current practice. Although less restrictive risk assessment and polypill scenarios prevented more CVD events and attained larger survival gains, these benefits were offset by the additional costs and disutility of daily medication use. Lowering the risk threshold for prescription of statins to 10% was economically unattractive, costing £40 000 per QALY gained. Starting the polypill from age 60 onwards became the most cost-effective scenario when annual drug prices were reduced below £240. All polypill scenarios would save costs at prices below £50. CONCLUSIONS Periodic risk assessment using lower risk thresholds is unlikely to be cost-effective. The polypill would become cost-effective if drug prices were reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart S Ferket
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mohammed Khanji
- William Harvey Research Institute and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Isha Agarwal
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Steffen E Petersen
- William Harvey Research Institute and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Abstract
As the complexity of health decision science applications increases, high-level programming languages are increasingly adopted for statistical analyses and numerical computations. These programming languages facilitate sophisticated modeling, model documentation, and analysis reproducibility. Among the high-level programming languages, the statistical programming framework R is gaining increased recognition. R is freely available, cross-platform compatible, and open source. A large community of users who have generated an extensive collection of well-documented packages and functions supports it. These functions facilitate applications of health decision science methodology as well as the visualization and communication of results. Although R’s popularity is increasing among health decision scientists, methodological extensions of R in the field of decision analysis remain isolated. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of existing R functionality that is applicable to the various stages of decision analysis, including model design, input parameter estimation, and analysis of model outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawre Jalal
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (HJ)
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (PP)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (EK)
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA (FA-E, EE)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA (MGMH)
| | - Petros Pechlivanoglou
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (HJ)
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (PP)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (EK)
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA (FA-E, EE)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA (MGMH)
| | - Eline Krijkamp
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (HJ)
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (PP)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (EK)
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA (FA-E, EE)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA (MGMH)
| | - Fernando Alarid-Escudero
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (HJ)
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (PP)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (EK)
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA (FA-E, EE)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA (MGMH)
| | - Eva Enns
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (HJ)
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (PP)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (EK)
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA (FA-E, EE)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA (MGMH)
| | - M. G. Myriam Hunink
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (HJ)
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (PP)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (EK)
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA (FA-E, EE)
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA (MGMH)
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Khanji MY, Bicalho VVS, van Waardhuizen CN, Ferket BS, Petersen SE, Hunink MGM. Cardiovascular Risk Assessment: A Systematic Review of Guidelines. Ann Intern Med 2016; 165:713-722. [PMID: 27618509 DOI: 10.7326/m16-1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many guidelines exist for screening and risk assessment for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy persons. PURPOSE To systematically review current primary prevention guidelines on adult cardiovascular risk assessment and highlight the similarities and differences to aid clinician decision making. DATA SOURCES Publications in MEDLINE and CINAHL between 3 May 2009 and 30 June 2016 were identified. On 30 June 2016, the Guidelines International Network International Guideline Library, National Guideline Clearinghouse, National Library for Health Guidelines Finder, Canadian Medical Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Infobase, and Web sites of organizations responsible for guideline development were searched. STUDY SELECTION 2 reviewers screened titles and abstracts to identify guidelines from Western countries containing recommendations for cardiovascular risk assessment for healthy adults. DATA EXTRACTION 2 reviewers independently assessed rigor of guideline development using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument, and 1 extracted the recommendations. DATA SYNTHESIS Of the 21 guidelines, 17 showed considerable rigor of development. These recommendations address assessment of total cardiovascular risk (5 guidelines), dysglycemia (7 guidelines), dyslipidemia (2 guidelines), and hypertension (3 guidelines). All but 1 recommendation advocates for screening, and most include prediction models integrating several relatively simple risk factors for either deciding on further screening or guiding subsequent management. No consensus on the strategy for screening, recommended target population, screening tests, or treatment thresholds exists. LIMITATION Only guidelines developed by Western national or international medical organizations were included. CONCLUSION Considerable discrepancies in cardiovascular screening guidelines still exist, with no consensus on optimum screening strategies or treatment threshold. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE Barts Charity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Y Khanji
- From Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Federal University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Vinícius V S Bicalho
- From Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Federal University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Claudia N van Waardhuizen
- From Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Federal University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Bart S Ferket
- From Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Federal University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Steffen E Petersen
- From Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Federal University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- From Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Federal University of Juiz de Fora School of Medicine, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Blokker BM, Weustink AC, Hunink MGM, Oosterhuis JW. Autopsy of Adult Patients Deceased in an Academic Hospital: Considerations of Doctors and Next-of-Kin in the Consent Process. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163811. [PMID: 27736974 PMCID: PMC5063372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hospital autopsies, vanishing worldwide, need to be requested by clinicians and consented to by next-of-kin. The aim of this prospective observational study was to examine how often and why clinicians do not request an autopsy, and for what reasons next-of-kin allow, or refuse it. Methods Clinicians at the Erasmus University Medical Centre were asked to complete a questionnaire when an adult patient had died. Questionnaires on 1000 consecutive naturally deceased adults were collected. If possible, missing data in the questionnaires were retrieved from the electronic patient record. Results Data from 958 (96%) questionnaires was available for analysis. In 167/958 (17·4%) cases clinicians did not request an autopsy, and in 641/791 (81·0%) cases next-of-kin did not give consent. The most important reason for both clinicians (51·5%) and next-of-kin (51·0%) to not request or consent to an autopsy was an assumed known cause of death. Their second reason was that the deceased had gone through a long illness (9·6% and 29·5%). The third reason for next-of-kin was mutilation of the deceased’s body by the autopsy procedure (16·1%). Autopsy rates were highest among patients aged 30–39 years, Europeans, suddenly and/or unexpectedly deceased patients, and tissue and/or organ donors. The intensive care and emergency units achieved the highest autopsy rates, and surgical wards the lowest. Conclusion The main reason for not requesting or allowing an autopsy is the assumption that the cause of death is known. This is a dangerous premise, because it is a self-fulfilling prophecy. Clinicians should be aware, and communicate with the next of kin, that autopsies not infrequently disclose unexpected findings, which might have changed patient management. Mutilation of the deceased’s body seems a minor consideration of next-of-kin, though how it really affects autopsy rates, should be studied by offering minimally or non-invasive autopsy methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt M. Blokker
- Departments of Pathology and Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annick C. Weustink
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M. G. Myriam Hunink
- Departments of Radiology and Clinical Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands and Centre for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, United States of America
| | - J. Wolter Oosterhuis
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Yun BJ, Myriam Hunink MG, Prabhakar AM, Heng M, Liu SW, Qudsi R, Raja AS. Diagnostic Imaging Strategies for Occult Hip Fractures: A Decision and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Acad Emerg Med 2016; 23:1161-1169. [PMID: 27286291 DOI: 10.1111/acem.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hip fractures cause significant morbidity and mortality. Determining the optimal diagnostic strategy for the subset of patients with potential occult hip fracture remains challenging. We determined the most cost-effective strategy for the diagnosis of occult hip fractures from the choices of performing only computed tomography (CT), performing only magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), performing CT and if negative performing MRI (MRI-selective strategy) or discharging the patient without advanced imaging. METHODS We developed a decision-analytic model to compare outcomes and costs of different diagnostic strategies for the diagnosis of an occult hip fracture from a societal perspective. Model inputs were derived from charge data, Medicare reimbursements, and the literature. Strategies with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) below $100,000 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained were considered cost-effective. We tested the robustness of our results using probabilistic sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Compared to a CT strategy, MRI provides an additional 0.05 QALY at an incremental cost of $1,227 and ICER of $25,438/QALY. For facilities without MRI capability, if the cost of transfer is below $1,228, transferring the patient to a MRI-capable facility is the most cost-effective strategy. Above this cost, employing a CT and if negative transfer to a MRI-capable facility strategy was more cost-effective. When the cost of a transfer reached more than $4,039, it became more cost-effective to only obtain a CT. CONCLUSION MRI is a cost-effective strategy for the diagnosis of an occult hip fracture. For facilities without MRI capability, the most cost-effective strategy depends on the cost of the interfacility transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Yun
- Department of Emergency Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - M. G. Myriam Hunink
- Departments of Radiology and Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands
- Centre for Health Decision Science Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA
| | - Anand M. Prabhakar
- Division of Cardiovascular Imaging Department of Radiology Boston MA
- Division of Emergency Imaging Department of Radiology Boston MA
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Marilyn Heng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston MA
- Harvard Orthopaedic Trauma Initiative Boston MA
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Shan W. Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Rameez Qudsi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Boston MA
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA
| | - Ali S. Raja
- Department of Emergency Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA
- Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA
- Harvard Medical School Boston MA
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van der Heijden MJE, Oliai Araghi S, Jeekel J, Reiss IKM, Hunink MGM, van Dijk M. Do Hospitalized Premature Infants Benefit from Music Interventions? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161848. [PMID: 27606900 PMCID: PMC5015899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Neonatal intensive care units (NICU) around the world increasingly use music interventions. The most recent systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) dates from 2009. Since then, 15 new RCTs have been published. We provide an updated systematic review on the possible benefits of music interventions on premature infants’ well-being. Methods We searched 13 electronic databases and 12 journals from their first available date until August 2016. Included were all RCTs published in English with at least 10 participants per group, including infants born prematurely and admitted to the NICU. Interventions were either recorded music interventions or live music therapy interventions. All control conditions were accepted as long as the effects of the music intervention could be analysed separately. A meta-analysis was not possible due to incompleteness and heterogeneity of the data. Results After removal of duplicates the searches retrieved 4893 citations, 20 of which fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The 20 included studies encompassed 1128 participants receiving recorded or live music interventions in the NICU between 24 and 40 weeks gestational age. Twenty-six different outcomes were reported which we classified into three categories: physiological parameters; growth and feeding; behavioural state, relaxation outcomes and pain. Live music interventions were shown to improve sleep in three out of the four studies and heart rate in two out of the four studies. Recorded music improved heart rate in two out of six studies. Better feeding and sucking outcomes were reported in one study using live music and in two studies using recorded music. Conclusions Although music interventions show promising results in some studies, the variation in quality of the studies, age groups, outcome measures and timing of the interventions across the studies makes it difficult to draw strong conclusions on the effects of music in premature infants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Johannes Jeekel
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Irwin K. M Reiss
- Department of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. G. Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Monique van Dijk
- Department of Paediatrics, division of Neonatology and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Intensive care Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Nijhuis RL, Stijnen T, Peeters A, Witteman JCM, Hofman A, Hunink MGM. Apparent and Internal Validity of a Monte Carlo–Markov Model for Cardiovascular Disease in a Cohort Follow-up Study. Med Decis Making 2016; 26:134-44. [PMID: 16525167 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x05284103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To determine the apparent and internal validity of the Rotterdam Ischemic heart disease & Stroke Computer (RISC) model, a Monte Carlo–Markov model, designed to evaluate the impact of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and their modification on life expectancy (LE) and cardiovascular disease–free LE (DFLE) in a general population (hereinafter, these will be referred to together as (DF)LE). Methods. The model is based on data from the Rotterdam Study, a cohort follow-up study of 6871 subjects aged 55 years and older who visited the research center for risk factor assessment at baseline (1990–1993) and completed a follow-up visit 7 years later (original cohort). The transition probabilities and risk factor trends used in the RISC model were based on data from 3501 subjects (the study cohort). To validate the RISC model, the number of simulated CVD events during 7 years’ follow-up were compared with the observed number of events in the study cohort and the original cohort, respectively, and simulated (DF)LEs were compared with the (DF)LEs calculated from multistate life tables. Results .Both in the study cohort and in the original cohort, the simulated distribution of CVD events was consistent with the observed number of events (CVD deaths: 7.1% v. 6.6% and 7.4% v. 7.6%, respectively; non-CVD deaths: 11.2% v. 11.5% and 12.9% v. 13.0%, respectively). The distribution of (DF)LEs estimated with the RISC model consistently encompassed the (DF)LEs calculated with multistate life tables. Conclusions. The simulated events and (DF)LE estimates from the RISC model are consistent with observed data from a cohort follow-up study
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogier L Nijhuis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Radiological reporting has generated large quantities of digital content within the electronic health record, which is potentially a valuable source of information for improving clinical care and supporting research. Although radiology reports are stored for communication and documentation of diagnostic imaging, harnessing their potential requires efficient and automated information extraction: they exist mainly as free-text clinical narrative, from which it is a major challenge to obtain structured data. Natural language processing (NLP) provides techniques that aid the conversion of text into a structured representation, and thus enables computers to derive meaning from human (ie, natural language) input. Used on radiology reports, NLP techniques enable automatic identification and extraction of information. By exploring the various purposes for their use, this review examines how radiology benefits from NLP. A systematic literature search identified 67 relevant publications describing NLP methods that support practical applications in radiology. This review takes a close look at the individual studies in terms of tasks (ie, the extracted information), the NLP methodology and tools used, and their application purpose and performance results. Additionally, limitations, future challenges, and requirements for advancing NLP in radiology will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewoud Pons
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.P., L.M.M.B., M.G.M.H.) and Medical Informatics (J.A.K.), Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Loes M M Braun
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.P., L.M.M.B., M.G.M.H.) and Medical Informatics (J.A.K.), Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.P., L.M.M.B., M.G.M.H.) and Medical Informatics (J.A.K.), Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A Kors
- From the Departments of Radiology (E.P., L.M.M.B., M.G.M.H.) and Medical Informatics (J.A.K.), Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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van den Houten MML, Lauret GJ, Fakhry F, Fokkenrood HJP, van Asselt ADI, Hunink MGM, Teijink JAW. Cost-effectiveness of supervised exercise therapy compared with endovascular revascularization for intermittent claudication. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1616-1625. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Current guidelines recommend supervised exercise therapy (SET) as the preferred initial treatment for patients with intermittent claudication. The availability of SET programmes is, however, limited and such programmes are often not reimbursed. Evidence for the long-term cost-effectiveness of SET compared with endovascular revascularization (ER) as primary treatment for intermittent claudication might aid widespread adoption in clinical practice.
Methods
A Markov model was constructed to determine the incremental costs, incremental quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of SETversus ER for a hypothetical cohort of patients with newly diagnosed intermittent claudication, from the Dutch healthcare payer's perspective. In the event of primary treatment failure, possible secondary interventions were repeat ER, open revascularization or major amputation. Data sources for model parameters included original data from two RCTs, as well as evidence from the medical literature. The robustness of the results was tested with probabilistic and one-way sensitivity analysis.
Results
Considering a 5-year time horizon, probabilistic sensitivity analysis revealed that SET was associated with cost savings compared with ER (−€6412, 95 per cent credibility interval (CrI) –€11 874 to –€1939). The mean difference in effectiveness was −0·07 (95 per cent CrI −0·27 to 0·16) QALYs. ER was associated with an additional €91 600 per QALY gained compared with SET. One-way sensitivity analysis indicated more favourable cost-effectiveness for ER in subsets of patients with low quality-of-life scores at baseline.
Conclusion
SET is a more cost-effective primary treatment for intermittent claudication than ER. These results support implementation of supervised exercise programmes in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G J Lauret
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - F Fakhry
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H J P Fokkenrood
- CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A D I van Asselt
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M G M Hunink
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J A W Teijink
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- CAPHRI Research School, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Hunink MGM, Fleischmann KE. The Role of Randomized and Nonrandomized Studies in Evaluating Diagnostic Strategies. Ann Intern Med 2016; 165:61-62. [PMID: 27159031 DOI: 10.7326/m16-0811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Obdeijn IM, Heijnsdijk EAM, Hunink MGM, Tilanus-Linthorst MMA, de Koning HJ. Mammographic screening in BRCA1 mutation carriers postponed until age 40: Evaluation of benefits, costs and radiation risks using models. Eur J Cancer 2016; 63:135-42. [PMID: 27318001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE BRCA1 mutation carriers are offered screening with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and mammography. The aim of this study was to weigh benefits and risks of postponing mammographic screening until age 40. METHODS With the MISCAN microsimulation model two screening protocols were evaluated: 1) the current Dutch guidelines: annual MRI from age 25-60, annual mammography from age 30-60, and biennial mammography in the nationwide program from age 60-74, and 2) the modified protocol: with annual mammography postponed until age 40. A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed. The risks of radiation-induced breast cancer mortality were estimated with absolute and relative exposure-risk models of the 7th Biological Effects of Ionising Radiation Committee. RESULTS Current screening guidelines prevent 13,139 breast cancer deaths per 100,000 BRCA1 mutation carriers. Postponing mammography until age 40 would increase breast cancer deaths by 23 (0.17%), but would also reduce radiation-induced breast cancer deaths by 15 or 105 using the absolute and relative risk model respectively per 100,000 women screened. The estimated net effect is an increase of eight or a reduction of 82 breast cancer deaths per 100,000 women screened (depending on the risk model used). The incremental cost of mammograms between age 30-39 is €272,900 per life year gained. CONCLUSIONS The modified protocol may be slightly less effective or even better than the current guidelines. The high cost-savings justify a possible small loss of effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge-Marie Obdeijn
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Groene Hilledijk 301, 3075 EA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eveline A M Heijnsdijk
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Public Health, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Groene Hilledijk 301, 3075 EA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | | | - Harry J de Koning
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Public Health, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Shrime MG, Ferket BS, Scott DJ, Lee J, Barragan-Bradford D, Pollard T, Arabi YM, Al-Dorzi HM, Baron RM, Hunink MGM, Celi LA, Lai PS. Time-Limited Trials of Intensive Care for Critically Ill Patients With Cancer: How Long Is Long Enough? JAMA Oncol 2016; 2:76-83. [PMID: 26469222 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.3336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Time-limited trials of intensive care are commonly used in patients perceived to have a poor prognosis. The optimal duration of such trials is unknown. Factors such as a cancer diagnosis are associated with clinician pessimism and may affect the decision to limit care independent of a patient's severity of illness. OBJECTIVE To identify the optimal duration of intensive care for short-term mortality in critically ill patients with cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Decision analysis using a state-transition microsimulation model was performed to simulate the hospital course of patients with poor-prognosis primary tumors, metastatic disease, or hematologic malignant neoplasms admitted to medical and surgical intensive care units. Transition probabilities were derived from 920 participants stratified by sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores to identify severity of illness. The model was validated in 3 independent cohorts with 349, 158, and 117 participants from quaternary care academic hospitals. Monte Carlo microsimulation was performed, followed by probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Outcomes were assessed in the overall cohort and in solid tumors alone. INTERVENTIONS Time-unlimited vs time-limited trials of intensive care. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES 30-day all-cause mortality and mean survival duration. RESULTS The SOFA scores at ICU admission were significantly associated with mortality. A 3-, 8-, or 15-day trial of intensive care resulted in decreased mean 30-day survival vs aggressive care in all but the sickest patients (SOFA score, 5-9: 48.4% [95% CI, 48.0%-48.8%], 60.6% [95% CI, 60.2%-61.1%], and 66.8% [95% CI, 66.4%-67.2%], respectively, vs 74.6% [95% CI, 74.3%-75.0%] with time-unlimited aggressive care; SOFA score, 10-14: 36.2% [95% CI, 35.8%-36.6%], 44.1% [95% CI, 43.6%-44.5%], and 46.1% [95% CI, 45.6%-46.5%], respectively, vs 48.4% [95% CI, 48.0%-48.8%] with aggressive care; SOFA score, ≥ 15: 5.8% [95% CI, 5.6%-6.0%], 8.1% [95% CI, 7.9%-8.3%], and 8.3% [95% CI, 8.1%-8.6%], respectively, vs 8.8% [95% CI, 8.5%-9.0%] with aggressive care). However, the clinical magnitude of these differences was variable. Trial durations of 8 days in the sickest patients offered mean survival duration that was no more than 1 day different from time-unlimited care, whereas trial durations of 10 to 12 days were required in healthier patients. For the subset of patients with solid tumors, trial durations of 1 to 4 days offered mean survival that was not statistically significantly different from time-unlimited care. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Trials of ICU care lasting 1 to 4 days may be sufficient in patients with poor-prognosis solid tumors, whereas patients with hematologic malignant neoplasms or less severe illness seem to benefit from longer trials of intensive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Shrime
- Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 2Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bart S Ferket
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands 4Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Daniel J Scott
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joon Lee
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diana Barragan-Bradford
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts8Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tom Pollard
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yaseen M Arabi
- Intensive Care Department, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia10King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan M Al-Dorzi
- Intensive Care Department, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia10King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rebecca M Baron
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts8Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands 11Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leo A Celi
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts8Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peggy S Lai
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts12Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Chu P, Pandya A, Salomon JA, Goldie SJ, Hunink MGM. Comparative Effectiveness of Personalized Lifestyle Management Strategies for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e002737. [PMID: 27025969 PMCID: PMC4943251 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence shows that healthy diet, exercise, smoking interventions, and stress reduction reduce cardiovascular disease risk. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of these lifestyle interventions for individual risk profiles and determine their rank order in reducing 10-year cardiovascular disease risk. METHODS AND RESULTS We computed risks using the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Pooled Cohort Equations for a variety of individual profiles. Using published literature on risk factor reductions through diverse lifestyle interventions-group therapy for stopping smoking, Mediterranean diet, aerobic exercise (walking), and yoga-we calculated the risk reduction through each of these interventions to determine the strategy associated with the maximum benefit for each profile. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the results. In the base-case analysis, yoga was associated with the largest 10-year cardiovascular disease risk reductions (maximum absolute reduction 16.7% for the highest-risk individuals). Walking generally ranked second (max 11.4%), followed by Mediterranean diet (max 9.2%), and group therapy for smoking (max 1.6%). If the individual was a current smoker and successfully quit smoking (ie, achieved complete smoking cessation), then stopping smoking yielded the largest reduction. Probabilistic and 1-way sensitivity analysis confirmed the demonstrated trend. CONCLUSIONS This study reports the comparative effectiveness of several forms of lifestyle modifications and found smoking cessation and yoga to be the most effective forms of cardiovascular disease prevention. Future research should focus on patient adherence to personalized therapies, cost-effectiveness of these strategies, and the potential for enhanced benefit when interventions are performed simultaneously rather than as single measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Chu
- Department of Health Policy, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Ankur Pandya
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Joshua A Salomon
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Sue J Goldie
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Tapper EB, Hunink MGM, Afdhal NH, Lai M, Sengupta N. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: Risk Stratification of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) by the Primary Care Physician Using the NAFLD Fibrosis Score. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147237. [PMID: 26905872 PMCID: PMC4764354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The complications of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) are dependent on the presence of advanced fibrosis. Given the high prevalence of NAFLD in the US, the optimal evaluation of NAFLD likely involves triage by a primary care physician (PCP) with advanced disease managed by gastroenterologists. Methods We compared the cost-effectiveness of fibrosis risk-assessment strategies in a cohort of 10,000 simulated American patients with NAFLD performed in either PCP or referral clinics using a decision analytical microsimulation state-transition model. The strategies included use of vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), combination testing with NFS and VCTE, and liver biopsy (usual care by a specialist only). NFS and VCTE performance was obtained from a prospective cohort of 164 patients with NAFLD. Outcomes included cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) and correct classification of fibrosis. Results Risk-stratification by the PCP using the NFS alone costs $5,985 per QALY while usual care costs $7,229/QALY. In the microsimulation, at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000, the NFS alone in PCP clinic was the most cost-effective strategy in 94.2% of samples, followed by combination NFS/VCTE in the PCP clinic (5.6%) and usual care in 0.2%. The NFS based strategies yield the best biopsy-correct classification ratios (3.5) while the NFS/VCTE and usual care strategies yield more correct-classifications of advanced fibrosis at the cost of 3 and 37 additional biopsies per classification. Conclusion Risk-stratification of patients with NAFLD primary care clinic is a cost-effective strategy that should be formally explored in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot B. Tapper
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - M. G. Myriam Hunink
- Dept of Radiology, Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Health Decision Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States of America
| | - Nezam H. Afdhal
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, United States of America
| | - Michelle Lai
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, United States of America
| | - Neil Sengupta
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology/Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Younge JO, Wery MF, Gotink RA, Utens EMWJ, Michels M, Rizopoulos D, van Rossum EFC, Hunink MGM, Roos-Hesselink JW. Web-Based Mindfulness Intervention in Heart Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143843. [PMID: 26641099 PMCID: PMC4671576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is accumulating that mindfulness training has favorable effects on psychological outcomes, but studies on physiological outcomes are limited. Patients with heart disease have a high incidence of physiological and psychological problems and may benefit from mindfulness training. Our aim was to determine the beneficial physiological and psychological effects of online mindfulness training in patients with heart disease. METHODS The study was a pragmatic randomized controlled single-blind trial. Between June 2012 and April 2014 we randomized 324 patients (mean age 43.2 years, 53.7% male) with heart disease in a 2:1 ratio (n = 215 versus n = 109) to a 12-week online mindfulness training in addition to usual care (UC) compared to UC alone. The primary outcome was exercise capacity measured with the 6 minute walk test (6MWT). Secondary outcomes were other physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and NT-proBNP), subjective health status (SF-36), perceived stress (PSS), psychological well-being (HADS), social support (PSSS12) and a composite endpoint (all-cause mortality, heart failure, symptomatic arrhythmia, cardiac surgery, and percutaneous cardiac intervention). Linear mixed models were used to evaluate differences between groups on the repeated outcome measures. RESULTS Compared to UC, mindfulness showed a borderline significant improved 6MWT (effect size, meters: 13.2, 95%CI: -0.02; 26.4, p = 0.050). There was also a significant lower heart rate in favor of the mindfulness group (effect size, beats per minute: -2.8, 95%CI: -5.4;-0.2, p = 0.033). No significant differences were seen on other outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Mindfulness training showed positive effects on the physiological parameters exercise capacity and heart rate and it might therefore be a useful adjunct to current clinical therapy in patients with heart disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION Dutch Trial Register 3453.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Younge
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Machteld F Wery
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rinske A Gotink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry (Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy), Erasmus MC Rotterdam, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M W J Utens
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle Michels
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitris Rizopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth F C van Rossum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jolien W Roos-Hesselink
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Fakhry F, Spronk S, van der Laan L, Wever JJ, Teijink JAW, Hoffmann WH, Smits TM, van Brussel JP, Stultiens GNM, Derom A, den Hoed PT, Ho GH, van Dijk LC, Verhofstad N, Orsini M, van Petersen A, Woltman K, Hulst I, van Sambeek MRHM, Rizopoulos D, Rouwet EV, Hunink MGM. Endovascular Revascularization and Supervised Exercise for Peripheral Artery Disease and Intermittent Claudication: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2015; 314:1936-44. [PMID: 26547465 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2015.14851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Supervised exercise is recommended as a first-line treatment for intermittent claudication. Combination therapy of endovascular revascularization plus supervised exercise may be more promising but few data comparing the 2 therapies are available. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of endovascular revascularization plus supervised exercise for intermittent claudication compared with supervised exercise only. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized clinical trial of 212 patients allocated to either endovascular revascularization plus supervised exercise or supervised exercise only. Data were collected between May 17, 2010, and February 16, 2013, in the Netherlands at 10 sites. Patients were followed up for 12 months and the data were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle. INTERVENTIONS A combination of endovascular revascularization (selective stenting) plus supervised exercise (n = 106) or supervised exercise only (n = 106). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end point was the difference in maximum treadmill walking distance at 12 months between the groups. Secondary end points included treadmill pain-free walking distance, vascular quality of life (VascuQol) score (1 [worst outcome] to 7 [best outcome]), and 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) domain scores for physical functioning, physical role functioning, bodily pain, and general health perceptions (0 [severe limitation] to 100 [no limitation]). RESULTS Endovascular revascularization plus supervised exercise (combination therapy) was associated with significantly greater improvement in maximum walking distance (from 264 m to 1501 m for an improvement of 1237 m) compared with the supervised exercise only group (from 285 m to 1240 m for improvement of 955 m) (mean difference between groups, 282 m; 99% CI, 60-505 m) and in pain-free walking distance (from 117 m to 1237 m for an improvement of 1120 m vs from 135 m to 847 m for improvement of 712 m, respectively) (mean difference, 408 m; 99% CI, 195-622 m). Similarly, the combination therapy group demonstrated significantly greater improvement in the disease-specific VascuQol score (1.34 [99% CI, 1.04-1.64] in the combination therapy group vs 0.73 [99% CI, 0.43-1.03] in the exercise group; mean difference, 0.62 [99% CI, 0.20-1.03]) and in the score for the SF-36 physical functioning (22.4 [99% CI, 16.3-28.5] vs 12.6 [99% CI, 6.3-18.9], respectively; mean difference, 9.8 [99% CI, 1.4-18.2]). No significant differences were found for the SF-36 domains of physical role functioning, bodily pain, and general health perceptions. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with intermittent claudication after 1 year of follow-up, a combination therapy of endovascular revascularization followed by supervised exercise resulted in significantly greater improvement in walking distances and health-related quality-of-life scores compared with supervised exercise only. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Registry Identifier: NTR2249.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzin Fakhry
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands2Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Spronk
- Department of Research and Innovation, Dutch Health Care Inspectorate, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jan J Wever
- Departments of Vascular Surgery and Interventional Radiology, Haga Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Joep A W Teijink
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Wolter H Hoffmann
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Taco M Smits
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Bernhoven Hospital, Uden, the Netherlands
| | - Jerome P van Brussel
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Sint Franciscus Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Guido N M Stultiens
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Elkerliek Hospital, Helmond, the Netherlands
| | - Alex Derom
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zorgsaam Hospital, Terneuzen, the Netherlands
| | - P Ted den Hoed
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Ikazia Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gwan H Ho
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amphia Hospital, Breda, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas C van Dijk
- Departments of Vascular Surgery and Interventional Radiology, Haga Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole Verhofstad
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Mariella Orsini
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Andre van Petersen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Bernhoven Hospital, Uden, the Netherlands
| | - Kristel Woltman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Sint Franciscus Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Hulst
- Departments of Vascular Surgery and Interventional Radiology, Haga Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | | | - Dimitris Rizopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen V Rouwet
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands2Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands15Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Publ
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