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Dexheimer T, Silvers T, Delosh R, Laudeman J, Reinhart R, Ogle C, Davoudi Z, Jones E, Coussens N, Parchment R, Morris J, Kunkel M, Wright J, Takebe N, Doroshow J, Teicher B. Abemaciclib drug combination screening with other targeted therapies in complex multicellular tumor spheroids. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)00969-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2
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Tödtmann N, Weber A, Hollstein S, Kunkel M. A simple method for preconditioning radial forearm flaps in the case of an insufficient ulnar vascular supply: a retrospective clinical analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 51:33-37. [PMID: 33838963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to its versatile applicability, many reconstructive surgeons use the radial forearm flap (RFF) as the first choice for soft tissue replacement. Donor site limitations of the flap arise with an insufficient blood supply along the ulnar artery. This study presents a simple and safe method for RFF preconditioning by recruitment of the deep palmar arch via the ulnar artery. Fourteen patients scheduled for RFF surgery between 2013 and 2018 showed an insufficient vascular supply according to the Allen test, which was confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). These 14 patients underwent temporary ligature of one or both radial arteries with elastic vessel loops under local anaesthesia and continuous pulse oximetry. A control DSA was performed about 24hours later in 10 of the 14 patients. Recruitment of the blood supply along the enlarged ulnar artery or reanimated collaterals was confirmed in all 10 patients. No local complications such as ischemia of the hand were seen. All flaps could be harvested regularly and were used for different reconstructive purposes. This simple technique may help to overcome vascular limitations of the RFF via the rapid, efficient, and reliable recruitment of the biological vascular reserve. Within the limits of a case series, this procedure appears practicable and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tödtmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - A Weber
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - S Hollstein
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M Kunkel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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3
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Orbital gunshot wounds are rarely found after suicide. A gunshot fired at point blank range into the temple has devastating effects on all intraorbital and neighboring structures. CASE REPORTS This article reports on two cases of gunshot wounds to the lateral orbit in attempted suicides with different weapons from 2012 and 2013 and treated at the Ruhr University Eye Hospital in Bochum. In both cases treatment was carried out in cooperation with the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Ruhr University Hospital, Bochum. In the first case a 7.65 mm gun was used. The patient presented with a double penetration of both orbits with total destruction of both globes and a reconstruction was not possible. The second patient presented with multiple shots to the head from a small caliber gun (5.6 mm) where one bullet entered the right orbit behind the globe. The bullet could be localized using computed tomography (CT) and surgically removed with preservation of the globe and with a postoperative visual acuity of 20/60. CONCLUSION The preservation of visual function after orbital gunshot wounds depends on both the projectile channel and the characteristics of the gun and bullet. Close collaboration in surgical management between ophthalmologists, maxillofacial surgeons and neurosurgeons in specialized centers is necessary because patients often present with multiple trauma and prompt interdisciplinary treatment is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schargus
- Universitäts-Augenklinik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892, Bochum, Deutschland,
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Clark PM, Kunkel M, Monos DS. The dichotomy between disease phenotype databases and the implications for understanding complex diseases involving the major histocompatibility complex. Int J Immunogenet 2015; 42:413-22. [PMID: 26456690 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Many genes related to innate and adaptive immunity reside within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and have been associated with a multitude of complex, immune-related disorders. Despite years of genetic study, this region has seen few causative determinants discovered for immune-mediated diseases. Reported associations have been curated in various databases including the Genetic Association Database, NCBI database of clinically relevant variants (ClinVar) and the Human Gene Mutation Database and together capture genetic associations and annotated pathogenic loci within the MHC and across the genome for a variety of complex, immune-mediated diseases. A review of these three distinct databases reveals disparate annotations between associated genes and pathogenic loci, alluding to the polygenic, multifactorial nature of immune-mediated diseases and the pleiotropic character of genes within the MHC. The technical limitations and inherent biases imposed by current approaches and technologies in studying the MHC create a strong case for the need to perform targeted deep sequencing of the MHC and other immunologically relevant loci in order to fully elucidate and study the causative elements of complex immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Clark
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Kunkel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D S Monos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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5
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Langebrake C, Ihbe-Heffinger A, Leichenberg K, Kaden S, Kunkel M, Lueb M, Hilgarth H, Hohmann C. PS-110 Extent and diversity of day-to-day clinical pharmacists’ interventions in hospitals. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000639.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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6
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Kaifi J, Kunkel M, Das A, Harouka R, Zhu J, Dicker D, Staveley-O'Carroll K, Zheng S, El-Deiry W. Intraoperative Quantifizierung von zirkulierenden Tumorzellen bei der kolorektalen Lungen- und Leber-Metastasektomie: ein prospektiver Vergleich zweier Detektionsmethoden. Zentralbl Chir 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1389274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ihbe-Heffinger A, Langebrake C, Leichenberg K, Hilgarth H, Hohmann C, Kunkel M, Lueb M, Schuster T. PS-039 DokuPIK – Pharmaceutical interventions: Do ward pharmacists know how to document? Eur J Hosp Pharm 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2013-000436.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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8
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Kaifi J, Das A, Harouka R, Kunkel M, Zhu J, Dicker D, Kimchi E, Staveley-O'Carroll K, Gusani N, Reed M, Zheng S, El-Deiry W. Circulating Tumor Cells are Shed During Resection of Colorectal Cancer Liver and Lung Metastases. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Schmack I, Breil P, Kriwalsky M, Kunkel M, Tischoff I. Orbitale Metastase als „Erstmanifestation“ eines typischen Karzinoids der Lunge. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2013; 230:684-5. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1328614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - P. Breil
- Augenheilkunde, Augenzentrum Siegburg
| | - M. Kriwalsky
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum
| | - M. Kunkel
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum
| | - I. Tischoff
- Institut für Pathologie, Berufsgenossenschaftliches Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bochum
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Kaifi J, Kunkel M, Allen J, Dicker D, Das A, Gusani N, Reed M, Kimchi E, Staveley-O'Carroll K, El-Deiry W. Presence of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients With Resectable Colorectal Cancer Lung Metastases is A Potential Indicator for Extrathoracic Disease. J Surg Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Maurer P, Sandulescu T, Kriwalsky MS, Rashad A, Hollstein S, Stricker I, Hölzle F, Kunkel M. Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the maxilla and sinusitis maxillaris. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 40:285-91. [PMID: 21163624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely used as bone-stabilizers, but side effects of BP therapy include bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), which is resistant to therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of maxillary BRONJ involving sinusitis maxillaris. 21 patients presenting with maxillary BRONJ, from 2005 to 2008, were included in the study. In 18 cases BP had been administered for carcinoma and in 3 cases for osteoporosis, with an average exposure time of 47.4 months. 12 patients spontaneously developed BRONJ. The 10 patients diagnosed with stage III BRONJ presented with concomitant sinusitis maxillaris. Despite treatment, there were six recurrences of BRONJ, four of them with additional sinusitis maxillaris. Whether BRONJ occurred spontaneously or after extraction there was no difference in the outcome. Patients with advanced maxillary BRONJ often suffer from sinusitis maxillaris, both of which are frequently resistant to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Maurer
- Department of Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
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12
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13
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Rawnaq T, Kunkel M, Simon R, Zander H, Brandl S, Sauter G, Izbicki J, Kaifi J. Serum Midkine Correlates with Tumor Progression and Imatinib in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. J Surg Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Driemel O, Braun S, Müller-Richter UDA, Behr M, Reichert TE, Kunkel M, Reich R. Historical development of alloplastic temporomandibular joint replacement after 1945 and state of the art. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009; 38:909-20. [PMID: 19464145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2009.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 01/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O Driemel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Regensburg, Germany.
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15
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16
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Wysluch A, Maurer P, Ast J, Kunkel M. Orbital complications due to an acute odontogenic focus in a child. A case report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 107:e39-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Stebel A, Brachetti C, Kunkel M, Schmidt M, Fritz G. Progression of breast tumors is accompanied by a decrease in expression of the Rho guanine exchange factor Tiam1. Oncol Rep 2009; 21:217-222. [PMID: 19082465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the expression level of Ras-homologous (Rho) GTPases and the Rho guanine exchange factor (GEF) T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1) in breast tumor specimens (n=106) by immunohistochemistry. Rho and Rho-GEF expression scores were compared to clinically established diagnostic and prognostic parameters. We found that RhoA and RhoB scores slightly increased with tumor grade, whereas the Rac1 score remained unaffected. The most significant effects were observed for the Rac1-specific GEF Tiam1. Tiam1 expression scores significantly decreased with the increase in tumor grade, tumor spreading and proliferation. Furthermore, Tiam1 expression was inversely related to the plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and estrogen receptor (ER) expression but not the progesterone receptor (PR) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). A low Tiam1 expression was associated with p53 positivity without being related to HER2/neu status. The data show that Tiam1 expression decreases with the progression of breast carcinomas and is inversely associated with several established breast tumor markers. Therefore, we suggest that Tiam1 counteracts the progression of breast carcinomas and is suitable as a novel breast tumor marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stebel
- Department of Toxicology, University of Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
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18
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Jung B, Göde M, Wehrbein H, Kunkel M. P.223 Success rate of palatal implants in growing patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-5182(08)72011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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19
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Jung B, Göllner P, Liechti T, Wehrbein H, Kunkel M. O.372 Early vs. conventional loading of palatal implants in humans. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-5182(08)71496-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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20
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Böckmann R, Kunkel M. O.369 Condylar resorption after orthognathic surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-5182(08)71493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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21
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Boeckmann R, Schoen P, Frotscher M, Neuking K, Eggeler G, Kunkel M, Wolff K. O.387 Modification of the Obwegeser–Dal Pont split osteotomy. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-5182(08)71511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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22
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Föll D, Ziemann U, Kunkel M, Kolenda H, Reimers C. Neurophysiologische Diagnostik lumbosakraler Radikulopathien - Eine Vergleichsstudie von klinischen Befunden, Elektroneuro- und -myographie, Magnetstimulation und Muskelsonographie. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1060114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Kunkel M, Allroggen S, Appel C, Bargholz C, Biffar R, Boehme P, Engel P, Esser W, Fedderwitz J, Frank M, Georgi M, Heurich T, Kopp I, Kreusser B, Reichert TE, Sanner F, Singer R, Staehle HJ, Terheyden H, Wagner W, Wahl G, Weingart D, Werkmeister R, Hülsmann M. [Apical tooth root resection guideline]. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 2007; 11:251-257. [PMID: 18376426 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-007-0075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Kunkel
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Klinik für Mund-, Kieferund Gesichtschirurgie, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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24
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Hansen T, Wagner W, Kirkpatrick CJ, Kunkel M. Infected osteoradionecrosis of the mandible: follow-up study suggests deterioration in outcome for patients with Actinomyces-positive bone biopsies. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 35:1001-4. [PMID: 17049813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2006.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2006] [Revised: 08/11/2006] [Accepted: 08/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Infected osteoradionecrosis (IORN) is one of the major complications of oral cancer radiotherapy. Recent studies showed a high prevalence of Actinomyces in IORN. In this study, the clinical follow up of IORN patients (n=25; 20 male, 5 female) with regard to Actinomyces detection in the mandible was analyzed. Within 1.6-119 months of follow up, disease control was achieved in almost 90% of the patients with Actinomyces-negative bone biopsies, but only in 25% of the Actinomyces-positive group. The presence of Actinomyces was associated with a significantly higher risk of treatment failure (P=0.004; Fisher's exact test). This held true when the data were controlled for 'extent of bone destruction', 'type of surgery' and 'soft-tissue closure' in a logistic regression analysis (P=0.018; Wald test). Since Actinomyces was detected in a significant number of patients with non-healing mucosal defects, this microbe may promote the persistence of chronic non-healing inflammatory processes. Actinomyces positivity defines a subpopulation with a clinically deteriorated course of mandibular IORN.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hansen
- Institute of Pathology, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-55101 Mainz, Germany.
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Abstract
AIM To discuss a rare, but severe complication arising following routine root canal treatment. SUMMARY An orbital abscess is reported that occurred following routine root canal treatment. A young, healthy female patient, with no history of chronic paranasal infection had undergone root canal treatment of the right maxillary first molar. On hospital admission, she presented with extensive periorbital swelling and discreet diplopia. Computed tomography imaging identified massive purulent sinusitis and subsequent involvement of the orbit via the inferior and medial orbital wall within 48 h after completion of root canal treatment. Immediate surgical drainage of the maxillary sinus and the orbit was established and a high dose of perioperative antibiotics (Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Gentamycin, Metronidazole) were administered. Vision remained undisturbed and mobility of the globe recovered within 10 days. KEY LEARNING POINTS Rapid exacerbation of a periapical inflammation may occur following root canal treatment and may even involve the orbit. A typical speed of disease progression or ophthalmic symptoms should alert the clinician to at least consider unusual early orbital spread of odontogenic infection. When extra-alveolar spread and especially orbital spread is suspected, immediate referral to a maxillofacial or other specialized unit is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Koch
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Augustusplatz, Mainz, Germany
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Walter C, Coerdt W, Kunkel M. [Extended parotid mass in a 3 month old baby]. HNO 2006; 54:875-8. [PMID: 16826420 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-006-1442-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Walter
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
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Kunkel M, Becker J, Boehme P, Engel P, Göz G, Haessler D, Heidemann D, Hellwig E, Kopp I, Kreusser B, Lauer HC, Luckey H, Reinhard E, Schopf P, Singer R, Terheyden H, Türp JC, Weber M, Weingart D, Werkmeister R, Wagner W. [Surgical extraction of wisdom teeth]. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 2006; 10:205-11. [PMID: 16826405 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-006-0007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Kunkel
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Breil P, Koch F, Kunkel M. Lidschwellung nach Zahnarztbesuch. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-922132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Kunkel M, Hansen T, Kirkpatrick C, Weber A, Wagner W. Actinomyces in infected osteoradionecrosis—A previously overlooked pathogen? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0901-5027(05)80990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Kunkel M, Helisch A, Reichert T, Jeong J, Benz P, Bartenstein P, Wagner W, Whiteside T. The value of [18F]FDG-PET for diagnosis and prognosis in recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0901-5027(05)80917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Wagner W, Kunkel M. Malignancies associated with dental implants-clinical observations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0901-5027(05)81104-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Moergel M, Walter C, Coerdt W, Reichert TE, Kunkel M. [Chronic cutaneous infiltration with abscess and fistula formation. A type of clinical course in atypical mycobacteriosis]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 8:311-5. [PMID: 15480871 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-004-0562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous lesions of atypical mycobacteriosis are very rare in Western Europe. Both the slow disease progression and the rather unspecific clinical appearance of the chronic infiltration render cutaneous mycobacteriosis a diagnostic challenge. In this communication, we present an uncommon, biphasic course of a cutaneous atypical mycobacteriosis. CASE REPORT A 3-year-old child was referred to our institution due to submandibular cutaneous infiltration together with subcutaneous abscess formation. There was no carious lesion or other odontogenic potential source of infection. First-line therapy was incision of the abscess and local curettage to obtain a specimen for histologic and microbiologic evaluation, which revealed atypical mycobacteria. In spite of local curettage, only partial remission of the cutaneous infiltration was achieved. When the child was readmitted 9 months later, the lesion had progressed to a scrofulosis-like appearance even though specific antibiotic treatment had been administered. Complete surgical excision of the affected skin and extirpation of the respective lymph node and fistula was performed as second-line therapy. Complete remission was achieved without further adjuvant treatment. DISCUSSION Our case demonstrates the problems that may arise with this rare type of mycobacterial infection. In all probability, scratch artifacts due to atopic dermatitis provided the source/entry of the infection in this specific case. Both histopathologic findings and clinical appearance were suggestive of classic cutaneous tuberculosis (tuberculosis cutis colliquativa), although it was in fact an atypical mycobacteriosis. Furthermore, obstinate persistence after minor surgical intervention and even after specific (triple) antibiotic treatment illustrates the difficulties of limited, minimally invasive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moergel
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
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Hansen T, Weber A, Kunkel M, Kirkpatrick C. Actinomycosis in patients with infected osteoradioncerosis — a previously overlooked disease? Pathol Res Pract 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0344-0338(04)80745-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Buch RSR, Geisbüsch R, Kunkel M. [Acral ischemia as a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in the terminal phase of mouth floor carcinoma]. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 2002; 6:331-5. [PMID: 12448236 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-002-0399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The term "paraneoplastic syndrome" describes a clinically apparent disease associated with a malignant neoplasm, which is not a direct consequence of invasive tumor growth. Acral ischemia and digital necrosis of multiple fingertips have been occasionally described as a paraneoplastic syndrome. However, the exact mechanisms of this phenomenon are still not adequately known. CASE REPORT This paper describes a 72-year-old male patient with severe acral ischemia and multiple necroses on several fingertips. Symptoms evolved under palliative chemotherapy with gemcitabine for inoperable metachronous squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil following a history of two simultaneous carcinomas of the alveolar crest. Digital ischemia was combined with severe pain, similar to Raynaud's syndrome, which required therapeutic intervention. The treatment objective is to improve perfusion and simultaneously reduce pain. A combination of iloprost, an analog of prostacyclin (50 micrograms intravenous Ilomedin once daily), and a CT-guided thoracic sympathectomy achieved a continuous positive effect on the intensity of acral ischemia and alleviated the pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S R Buch
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz.
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Meyer T, Kunkel M, Frahm AW, Waidelich D. Residue mass plot and abundance plot: detection of isobaric interferences in DE-MALDI-TOF-mass spectra of complex polymer mixtures. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2001; 12:911-925. [PMID: 11506224 DOI: 10.1016/s1044-0305(01)00273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectra of complex polymer mixtures often disturbed by overlapping homologue peak series have been interpreted by means of the novel techniques of the residue mass plot and the abundance plot. The model substance used for the investigations is so far poorly characterized non-ionic emulsifier Cremophor EL (polyoxyl 35 castor oil) (CrEL), a heterogeneous polyethoxylate mixture. Because of its high amount of hydrophobic and hydrophilic components, CrEL was separated into two fractions, aqueous and methanolic, by cation exchange (CCaEx) chromatography. CrEL was then subjected to delayed extraction matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (DE-MALDI-TOF-MS). Evaluation of the mass spectra was performed by comparing the residue masses of the homologue peak series with the calculated residue masses of potential components of the excipient cationized with Na+ and K+. A number of these series are overlapping because they differ in their theoretical residue masses by about 0.05 Da. The detection of these isobaric interferences was the basic requirement for our analysis method. This goal was achieved by high mass accuracy of the measurements (obtained by internal calibration) in combination with two newly developed evaluation methods, the residue mass plot and the abundance plot. Using this combined technique, generally applicable for complex polymer mixtures, it was shown that the aqueous CCaEx fraction contains hydrophobic components such as di- and triesters of ricinoleic acid and polyethylene glycol as well as glycerol polyoxyethylene di- and triricinoleates, whereas the methanolic fraction contains hydrophilic components, mainly polyethylene glycol (PEG) and glycerol polyoxyethylene ether. Moreover, free PEG was shown to consist of PEG 800 in contrast to the value of 600 Da described so far in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Meyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs, University, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Salkoff L, Butler A, Fawcett G, Kunkel M, McArdle C, Paz-y-Mino G, Nonet M, Walton N, Wang ZW, Yuan A, Wei A. Evolution tunes the excitability of individual neurons. Neuroscience 2001; 103:853-9. [PMID: 11301195 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00079-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the genome and the evolution of the nervous system may differ between an animal like C. elegans with 302 neurons, and mammals with tens of billions of neurons. Here we report that a class of nonconserved potassium channels highly expanded in C. elegans may play a special role in the evolution of its nervous system. The C. elegans genome contains an extended gene family of potassium channels whose members fall into two evolutionary divergent classes. One class constitutes an ancient conserved "set" of K+ channels with orthologues in both humans and Drosophila and a second larger class made up of rapidly evolving genes unique to C. elegans. Chief among this second class are novel potassium channels having four transmembrane domains per subunit that function as regulated leak conductances to modulate cell electrical excitability. This inventory of novel potassium channels is far larger in C. elegans than in humans or Drosophila. We found that, unlike conserved channel genes, the majority of these genes are expressed in very few cells. We also identified DNA enhancer elements associated with these genes that direct gene expression to individual neurons. We conclude that C. elegans may maintain an exceptionally large inventory of these channels (as well as ligand-gated channels) as an adaptive mechanism to "fine tune" individual neurons, making the most of its limited circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Salkoff
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Abstract
A number of aza-steroids were synthesized as potent phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C (PI-PLC) inhibitors. The epimeric mixtures 22,25-diazacholesterol (8a) and 3beta-hydroxy-22,25-diazacholestane (8b) were among the most active of these inhibitors, with IC(50) values of 7.4 and 7.5 microM, respectively. The 20alpha epimer, 8a2 (IC(50)=0.64 microM), whose stereochemistry at C-20 coincides with that of cholesterol, was found 50 times more potent than the 20beta epimer, 8a1 (IC(50)=32.2 microM). In diaza-estrone derivatives, the 3-methoxy group on the aromatic A-ring of 23 exhibited moderate PI-PLC inhibitory activity (IC(50)=19.7 microM), while compound with a free hydroxyl group (21) was inactive. However, in diaza-pregnane derivatives, epimers with a 3-hydroxyl group (8a, IC(50)=7.4 microM) exhibited more potent PI-PLC inhibitory activity than their counterparts with 3-methoxyl group on the non-aromatic A-ring (26, IC(50)=17.4 microM). We have illustrated in our previous publication that 3-hydroxyl-6-aza steroids are potent PI-PLC inhibitors.(3) However, simultaneous presence of the 6-aza and 22,25-diaza moieties in one molecule as in 13, led to loss of activity. Epimeric mixture 8a showed selective growth inhibition effects in the NCI in vitro tumor cell screen with a mean GI(50) value (MG-MID) of 5.75 microM for 54 tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xie
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Kunkel M, Grötz KA, Förster GJ, Wahlmann U, Benz P, Kutzner J, Rippins G, Wagner W. [Therapy monitoring with 2-(18F)-FDG positron emission tomography after neoadjuvant radiation treatment of mouth carcinoma]. Strahlenther Onkol 2001; 177:145-52. [PMID: 11285772 DOI: 10.1007/pl00002395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined protocols of radiation therapy and surgical resection, as applied in advanced oral cancer, rely on objective and early assessment of treatment response to radiation therapy. Non-responders require immediate radical salvage surgery even in spite of substantial operative risks, while complete or subtotal response may give reasons for continuing the conservative approach. Therefore, we investigated radiation response by FDG-PET for early monitoring of oral cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 30 patients with advanced stages of oral cancer (Table 1), FDG-PET (Siemens, ECAT EXACT 922) was performed within 4 weeks after completion of preoperative radiation therapy (36 Gy). SUV of tumor regions were compared to the histologic degree of tumor regression in complete resection specimens. Statistic evaluation included correlation analysis of SUV vs tumor regression and ROC analysis for SUV cut-off values. RESULTS While low FDG accumulation was found in tumors with histological complete remission (2.3 +/- 0.4) as well as in cases of residual tumor (3.4 +/- 1.8), high FDG uptake was a rather specific indicator of vital tumor tissue (Figure 2). Significant correlation (p = 0.045) between postradiotherapeutic FDG-uptake and histological tumor regression was recognized. A SUV > 2.75 as a clinically practicable threshold value for the identification of residual vital tumor resulted in a specificity of 88%, sensitivity of 68%, a positive predictive value of 94% and a negative predictive value of 50% (Figure 3). Based on our actual follow-up data we could not confirm a significant correlation between postradiotherapeutic SUV and patients' survival. CONCLUSION Within a standardized protocol, FDG-PET recognize treatment response to radiation therapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma with a reasonable specificity and thus provides a basis for further therapeutic decisions. An increased SUV (> 2.75) may be the rational to justify an aggressive surgical approach even when patients face substantial surgical or anesthesiological risk. However, the posttherapeutic pattern of glucose uptake varies with the applied treatment modalities and has to be explored for the protocol applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kunkel
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
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Wriedt S, Kunkel M, Zentner A, Wahlmann UW. Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion. An acoustic rhinometric, morphometric and sonographic investigation. J Orofac Orthop 2001; 62:107-15. [PMID: 11304927 DOI: 10.1007/pl00001921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion on the skeletal structures of the midface. Ten patients (mean age 28.5 years) were investigated by means of acoustic rhinometry, study model analysis and sonography before and after the procedure of surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion. The measurements revealed that surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion not only resulted in transverse expansion of the maxilla, providing dental arch space for lining up the teeth; the procedure also caused a substantial enlargement of the maxillary apical base and of the palatal vault, providing space for the tongue for correct swallowing and thus preventing relapse. There was a distinct subjective improvement in nasal breathing associated with enlargement of the nasal valve towards normal values and with an increase of nasal volume in all compartments. The measurements showed a marked influence of surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion on the skeletal structures of the midface. The significant widening can be demonstrated by non-invasive examination. Success of the osteotomy procedure can be readily monitored by sonographic examination of the expansion and the subsequent ossification, which allows individually adjusted retention periods and avoids frequent radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wriedt
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Mainz, Germany.
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Abstract
Little is known about the assembly pathway and structure of hepatitis C virus (HCV) since insufficient quantities of purified virus are available for detailed biophysical and structural studies. Here, we show that bacterially expressed HCV core proteins can efficiently self-assemble in vitro into nucleocapsid-like particles. These particles have a regular, spherical morphology with a modal distribution of diameters of approximately 60 nm. Self-assembly of nucleocapsid-like particles requires structured RNA molecules. The 124 N-terminal residues of the core protein are sufficient for self-assembly into nucleocapsid-like particles. Inclusion of the carboxy-terminal domain of the core protein modifies the core assembly pathway such that the resultant particles have an irregular outline. However, these particles are similar in size and shape to those assembled from the 124 N-terminal residues of the core protein. These results provide novel opportunities to delineate protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions critical for HCV assembly, to study the molecular details of HCV assembly, and for performing high-throughput screening of assembly inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kunkel
- Department of Human Biological Chemistry & Genetics and the Sealy Center for Structural Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
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Kunkel M, Wahlmann U, Grotz KA, Benz P, Kuffner HD, Spitz J, Wagner W. The therapeutic impact of [F18]-2-fluordesoxyglucose PET for the staging and monitoring of oral cancer: a comparative study of PET before and after preoperative radiochemotherapy with CT and histologic data. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000. [DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0020.2000.290519.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Xie W, Peng H, Zalkow LH, Li YH, Zhu C, Powis G, Kunkel M. 3Beta-hydroxy-6-aza-cholestane and related analogues as phosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) inhibitors with antitumor activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2000; 8:699-706. [PMID: 10819158 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
6-Aza steroid analogues were synthesized as PI-PLC inhibitors. The most active compound, 3beta-hydroxy-6-aza-cholestane (1) showed potent PI-PLC inhibition (IC50 = 1.8 microM), similar to that of the commercially available steroid analogue U73122 (IC50 = 1-2.1 microM). Compound 1 exhibited significant growth inhibition effects (IC50 = 1.3 microM in each case) against MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cells in in vitro cell culture. Compound 1 also inhibited the in vitro adhesion and transmigration of HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells at 2.5 and 5.0 microM, respectively. In vivo, compound 1, at 1 mg/kg/day, reduced the volume of MCF-7 tumors in xenograft models, without weight loss in mice. Structure activity relationships of this series of compounds revealed that a hydrophobic cholesteryl side chain, 3beta-hydroxy group and a C-6 nitrogen containing a hydrogen atom at position-6 are crucial for activity. N-Maleic amidoacid derivative 11 also exhibited weak inhibition (IC50 = 16.2 microM).
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xie
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, USA
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Kunkel M, Kuffner HD, Reichert TE, Benz P, Förster GJ, Wagner W. [(18F)-2-fluorodeoxyglucose PET. Prospects for secondary prevention of mouth cavity carcinoma]. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 2000; 4:105-10. [PMID: 10851884 DOI: 10.1007/s100060050179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The predominant cause of death due to oral cancer is the failure to control local tumor due to regional tumor recurrence. The sequelae of surgical resection and high-dose irradiation cause substantial changes in head and neck anatomy, leading to considerable problems in the early morphological detection of recurrent disease. Therefore, this study evaluates the verification of cancer recurrence by means of its pathologic glucose metabolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed a total of 50 [18F]-2-fluordeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18FDG-PET) investigations performed in 44 patients who had undergone surgical resection of oral cancer. In 23 cases, re-staging (group A) was indicated due to suspicion of recurrent or secondary tumor manifestation. In 27 cases, PET served as a screening procedure (group B). Statistic evaluation included sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative predictive value and accuracy of 18FDG-PET for the detection of tumor manifestation. RESULTS 18FDG-PET correctly identified 23 of 26 tumor sites (88%) in the re-staging group and 9 of 10 tumor sites (90%) in the screening group. We encountered a total number of 16 false-positive foci with an increased 18FDG-uptake. In six patients, 18FDG-PET detected tumor recurrence several months before a morphological correlative could be identified. In 5 of these 6 patients, the PET findings for the latter tumor sites determined the patient's fate. Specificity was 63% for local recurrence, 97% for secondary lymph node involvement and 90% for distant metastasis. CONCLUSION According to these data, 18FDG-PET is the most effective diagnostic tool in the follow-up of oral cancer patients to date. Due to the high prevalence of recurrent disease in the follow-up of oral cancer, either the detection of early recurrence or the identification of additional, incurable tumors may add substantially to a rational therapeutic management. We therefore recommend 18FDG-PET for screening and re-staging of recurrent oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kunkel
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
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Kunkel M, Meyer T, Böhler J, Keller E, Frahm AW. Titrimetric determination of Cremophor EL in aqueous solutions and biofluids: part 2: ruggedness of the method with respect to biofluids. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1999; 21:911-22. [PMID: 10703959 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(99)00212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A titration method for Cremophor EL, as a multicomponent mixture commonly used as non-ionic emulgent for manufacturing certain parenteralia, was developed for quantitative routine analysis in biofluids. A coated wire electrode is used as the end-point indicator in potentiometric titrations of Cremophor EL with sodium tetraphenylborate. The method tolerates a broad pH range, addition of alkanols and components of drug formulations and is sufficiently rugged. Reliable results are obtained at 20 degrees C. Disturbing ions from biofluid matrices can be masked or complexed by addition of formaldehyde, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and sodium fluoride. Sodium hydroxide is used for the required adjustment of the samples to pH 10. Cremophor EL spiked urine samples can be determined directly, whereas the true value of the emulgent content in the case of Cremophor EL spiked plasma samples is achieved by means of a conventional method.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kunkel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Watts G, Futscher B, Guzman M, Epner E, Kunkel M, Salmon S. Gene expression profiles associated with MDR1 expression in a doxorubicin-resistant human multiple myeloma cell line. Nat Genet 1999. [DOI: 10.1038/14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kirkpatrick DL, Watson S, Kunkel M, Fletcher S, Ulhaq S, Powis G. Parallel syntheses of disulfide inhibitors of the thioredoxin redox system as potential antitumor agents. Anticancer Drug Des 1999; 14:421-32. [PMID: 10766297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
We have reported previously that unsymmetrical disulfide inhibitors of the human thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase redox system (hTrx/TR) possess antitumor activity. We have broadened the search for more potent inhibitors and evaluated a large range of mono- and bis-disulfide compounds, prepared using parallel syntheses. Reaction of isothioisourea-HCI salts (R') or bis-salts (R) with aromatic or aryl thiols (R") in wells of 96-well plates produced >450 derivatives with the structures R"SSR' and R"SSRSSR". The excellent yield and purity of the disulfides provided sufficient material for evaluations of enzyme inhibition and cytotoxicity. Selection criteria based on the IC50 values for hTrx/TR inhibition and for cytotoxicities of the disulfides identified agents for subsequent scale-up syntheses and in vivo evaluations of antitumor activity. These scale-up studies confirmed the original activities of agents synthesized in the plates and validated the parallel synthetic approach. Structure-activity information derived from the hTrx/TR IC50 data allow for a number of generalizations. The most potent inhibitors of the Trx system contained two heteroatoms ortho to the disulfide moiety in an aromatic functionality. The thioalkylating moieties had greatest activity with one branch point alpha to the disulfide. In the absence of branching, more potent inhibition was observed with the electron withdrawing functionalities. Bis-disulfides showed patterns of activity which depended on chain length, with optimum activity observed when the disulfide units were separated by 3.9 A, a similar distance to that separating the thioredoxin active site cysteine residues. From the agents selected for scale-up syntheses, three disulfide compounds were studied for their antitumor activity in vivo against human tumor xenografts in scid mice. One of the analogues discovered through the combinatorial syntheses/screening for Trx inhibition, 1-phenylethyl 2-imidazolyl disulfide, N1 (ProlX agent PX-C5), has demonstrated excellent in vivo activity against the MCF-7 human breast cancer and the HL-60 human leukemia, thus validating this approach for novel drug discovery.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the nasal airway in unilateral cleft palate patients by means of a noninvasive, objective diagnostic method that provides topographic information about the airway profile. DESIGN A consecutive sample of patients was measured. SETTING Cleft palate rehabilitation center of the University of Mainz, Germany. PATIENTS Forty-nine subjects were investigated: 34 full-grown patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate and 15 controls with subjective normal nasal patency. INTERVENTION A transnasal series of three acoustic measurements of nasal volume was performed per nostril; measurements were taken both before and after decongestion with 0.3 mg xylometazoline per nostril. Minimum cross-sectional area, nasal volume, and decongestion capacity were calculated for both the cleft side and the contralateral side and for both nasal sides in controls. RESULTS Pathologic obstructions (<0.4 cm2) were detected on the cleft side in 75% of patients but were detected in only 15% of patients on the contralateral side (p < .001). The valve area of the cleft side (0.32 +/- 0.2 cm2) yielded significantly (p < .001) lower cross-sectional values compared with the contralateral side (0.56 +/- 0.1 cm2). Total nasal volume was determined to be 35% smaller on the cleft side (p < .001). Significantly higher decongestion capacity was verified on the cleft side, thus indicating mucosal hypertrophy. CONCLUSION Despite a wide range of interindividual variability, we recognized a characteristic "descending W"" airway pattern in cleft palate patients. Acoustic rhinometry seems to be a powerful tool for acquiring topographic information about the individual airway profile. It has proven helpful in visualizing the location and amount of pathologic obstructions, rendering it especially useful for preoperative investigation and quality control in corrective cleft nose surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kunkel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Mainz, Germany
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Wenderhold W, Kunkel M, Eicke BM, Reimers CD. Continuous wave Doppler ultrasound for evaluation of vasomotor tone of the radial artery. Eur J Ultrasound 1999; 10:11-20. [PMID: 10502635 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-8266(99)00039-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE At present, the sympathetic skin response (SSR) is the only routinely employed technique for evaluating the autonomic function of peripheral nerves. The present study was conducted in order to compare SSR to continuous wave Doppler (CWD) of the radial artery in both healthy control subjects and patients with lower brachial plexus lesions. METHODS Both methods were performed in 50 healthy volunteers (aged 23 to 70 years; mean age and standard deviation, 39.6+/-14.3 years) and six patients presenting with severe lesions of the lower brachial plexus (aged 22 to 60 years; mean age, 37.6+/-16.0 years). RESULTS In each control subject, a SSR could be evoked with a mean latency of 1.2+/-0.2 s and a mean amplitude of 2.9+/-1.5 mV. In 45 healthy subjects, CWD revealed both a reduction of systolic, diastolic, and mean peak blood flow velocity after electrical (ES) and acoustic (AS) stimulation as well as after inspiratory cough (IC). The mean latencies to the decrease in flow velocity decrease amounted to 1.8+/-0.7, 2.0+/-0.7, and 1. 4+/-0.4 s, respectively. The resistance (Pourcelot) index increased significantly. CWD failed to show changes of blood flow velocity in five healthy subjects due to high sympathetic tone (no baseline diastolic blood flow) or instability of blood flow caused by respiration. In patients with lower brachial plexus lesions, SSR was diminished and changes in blood flow could not be observed on the affected side. CONCLUSION CWD sonography allows easy quantitative assessment of arteriolar tone in healthy subjects and patients with autonomic nerve lesions of the limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wenderhold
- Abteilung für Klinische Neurophysiologie, Georg August Universität, Robert Koch Str. 40, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
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Weibrich G, Wahlmann U, Kunkel M, Reichert T, Wagner W. [Tissue damage and regeneration after laser surgery using different scanning systems]. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 1999; 3:200-4. [PMID: 10474265 DOI: 10.1007/s100060050130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Laser systems are frequently used in dentistry. New laser scanner technologies are promising more homogeneous ablation of pathological ablations of the skin and mucosa. The theoretical advantages of these systems have not yet been sufficiently evaluated by histological findings. For this reason, we compared two laser scanners with different scanning patterns in this study (Silktouch and Swiftlase, by Sharplan, Germany). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this animal study (79 male Osborn-Mendel rats), skin defects of 3-mm diameter were lasered on to the backs of the animals, one for each method mentioned above (defocused laser, Swiftlase, and Silktouch). The histological investigations were conducted, depending on the time after surgery (9 h, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, or 13 days). On the clinical site, we evaluated the visible ablation rate, homogeneity and morphology of the wound surface and the degree of carbonization. In the histomorphological investigations, we determined the degree of thermal damage as well as the morphology of the necrotic area and reepithelization pattern of the surface. RESULTS The Silktouch scanner clinically showed a homogeneous ablation rate with less carbonization than the Swiftlase scanner. In the histological specimen, this correlated with an increase in the tissue ablation rate and decreasing thermal damage to the surrounding tissue. Especially in the early wound-healing period, there was a more rapid reepithelization after the use of the Silktouch scanner. These differences could not be evaluated in the later wound-healing period. Compared to the defocused laser ablation, both scanning systems seem to have benefits within these parameters. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study seem to show a diminished perifocal damage and reduced clinical postoperative morbidity achieved by using laser scanning systems. Compared to the Swiftlase laser, the Silktouch seems to deliver better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Weibrich
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Mainz
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Abstract
In the maxilla, it is sometimes necessary to use implants to achieve a good prosthetic result. However, an increased failure rate of maxillary implants seems to be a common clinical experience. This experience was investigated in a retrospective statistical analysis. In a retrospective study of 665 patients between 1987 and 1997, 2484 implants were examined. The implants in the upper jaw were compared to those in the lower jaw. Implants with and without autogenous bone grafts and fixtures in patients with alveolar ridge atrophy, tumor, or trauma were explored. In particular, the data obtained from the orthopantomograms after completion of the prosthetic superstructures were controlled for peri-implantary bone loss evaluation. A total of 40% of the fixtures were placed in the maxilla, and 30% of these implants were combined with a local or an iliac bone graft. Out of 2484 implants, 207 were lost, largely during the healing period. The failure rates in the groups of patients with alveolar ridge atrophy, tumor, and trauma were between 6 and 27.5%, and the differences between these groups were higher than the difference between the upper and the lower jaw. Especially in the maxilla and after osteoplasty, horizontal peri-implantary bone loss was increased, with some cases of dramatic bone loss and decrease of the osseous integration of the fixtures. There was no statistic evidence of a significantly higher failure rate in the upper jaw than in the lower jaw. However, besides the rate of implant loss, additional markers should also be considered for adequate evaluation of implant prognosis in the maxilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ekert
- Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
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