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Barceló C, Miranda MA. Development and lifespan of Culicoides obsoletus s.s. (Meigen) and other livestock-associated species reared at different temperatures under laboratory conditions. Med Vet Entomol 2021; 35:187-201. [PMID: 33103805 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) transmit arboviruses affecting wild and domestic ruminants such as bluetongue (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV). The sub-adult development and lifespan of Culicoides obsoletus s.s. (Meigen), Culicoides circumscriptus Kieffer and Culicoides paolae Boorman were examined at three different temperatures under laboratory conditions. Insects were collected from field between spring and autumn 2015 in two livestock farms located in Majorca (Spain). Gravid females were held individually at 18, 25 or 30 °C. Low temperatures increased the adult lifespan, time to oviposit and rate of development, whereas high temperatures increased the number of eggs, successful pupation and adult emergence as well as the larvae growth rate. The results showed that C. obsoletus s.s. have optimum development at 18 °C, whereas the optimal rearing temperature for C. circumscriptus and C. paolae was under warmer conditions of 25-30 °C. Variations in temperature/humidity and assays with different materials and substrates for oviposition should be considered in future studies. Understanding the requirements of the different species of Culicoides optimizing the results should be of special interest for predicting environmental change effects on these species, in addition to determining the rearing conditions for candidate Culicoides vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Barceló
- Applied Zoology and Animal Conservation Group, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M A Miranda
- Applied Zoology and Animal Conservation Group, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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2
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Gangoso L, Aragonés D, Martínez-de la Puente J, Lucientes J, Delacour-Estrella S, Estrada Peña R, Montalvo T, Bueno-Marí R, Bravo-Barriga D, Frontera E, Marqués E, Ruiz-Arrondo I, Muñoz A, Oteo JA, Miranda MA, Barceló C, Arias Vázquez MS, Silva-Torres MI, Ferraguti M, Magallanes S, Muriel J, Marzal A, Aranda C, Ruiz S, González MA, Morchón R, Gómez-Barroso D, Figuerola J. Determinants of the current and future distribution of the West Nile virus mosquito vector Culex pipiens in Spain. Environ Res 2020; 188:109837. [PMID: 32798954 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Changes in environmental conditions, whether related or not to human activities, are continuously modifying the geographic distribution of vectors, which in turn affects the dynamics and distribution of vector-borne infectious diseases. Determining the main ecological drivers of vector distribution and how predicted changes in these drivers may alter their future distributions is therefore of major importance. However, the drivers of vector populations are largely specific to each vector species and region. Here, we identify the most important human-activity-related and bioclimatic predictors affecting the current distribution and habitat suitability of the mosquito Culex pipiens and potential future changes in its distribution in Spain. We determined the niche of occurrence (NOO) of the species, which considers only those areas lying within the range of suitable environmental conditions using presence data. Although almost ubiquitous, the distribution of Cx. pipiens is mostly explained by elevation and the degree of urbanization but also, to a lesser extent, by mean temperatures during the wettest season and temperature seasonality. The combination of these predictors highlights the existence of a heterogeneous pattern of habitat suitability, with most suitable areas located in the southern and northeastern coastal areas of Spain, and unsuitable areas located at higher altitude and in colder regions. Future climatic predictions indicate a net decrease in distribution of up to 29.55%, probably due to warming and greater temperature oscillations. Despite these predicted changes in vector distribution, their effects on the incidence of infectious diseases are, however, difficult to forecast since different processes such as local adaptation to temperature, vector-pathogen interactions, and human-derived changes in landscape may play important roles in shaping the future dynamics of pathogen transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gangoso
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, EBD-CSIC, C/ Américo Vespucio 26, 41092, Seville, Spain.
| | - D Aragonés
- Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems Laboratory (LAST-EBD), Estación Biológica de Doñana, EBD-CSIC, C/ Américo Vespucio 26, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - J Martínez-de la Puente
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, EBD-CSIC, C/ Américo Vespucio 26, 41092, Seville, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Lucientes
- Animal Health Department, The AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, C/ Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - S Delacour-Estrella
- Animal Health Department, The AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, C/ Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - R Estrada Peña
- Animal Health Department, The AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, C/ Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - T Montalvo
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Consorci Sanitari de Barcelona, Plaça Lesseps 8, 08023, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Bueno-Marí
- Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D), Laboratorios Lokímica, Polígono Industrial El Bony, C/42, n°4, 46470, Catarroja, Valencia, Spain
| | - D Bravo-Barriga
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - E Frontera
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - E Marqués
- Service of Mosquito Control (Badia de Roses i del Baix Ter), Plaça del Bruel 1, Castelló d'Empúries, 17486, Empuriabrava, Girona, Spain
| | - I Ruiz-Arrondo
- Center of Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital Universitario San Pedro-CIBIR, C/ Piqueras 98, 26006, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - A Muñoz
- Quimera Biological Systems S.L., Pol. Malpica-Alfindén, C/ Olivo 14, Nave 6, 50171, La Puebla de Alfindén, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J A Oteo
- Center of Rickettsiosis and Arthropod-Borne Diseases, Hospital Universitario San Pedro-CIBIR, C/ Piqueras 98, 26006, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - M A Miranda
- Applied Zoology and Animal Conservation group, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - C Barceló
- Applied Zoology and Animal Conservation group, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - M S Arias Vázquez
- Zoonoses and Public Health. COPAR Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Carvallo Calero, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - M I Silva-Torres
- Zoonoses and Public Health. COPAR Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Carvallo Calero, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - M Ferraguti
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology, University of Extremadura, Av. de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - S Magallanes
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology, University of Extremadura, Av. de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - J Muriel
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology, University of Extremadura, Av. de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain; Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, IPE (CSIC), Av. Nuestra Señora de la Victoria 16, 22700, Jaca, Spain
| | - A Marzal
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology, University of Extremadura, Av. de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - C Aranda
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Servei de Control de Mosquits, Consell Comarcal del Baix Llobregat, N-340, 08980, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Ruiz
- Service of Mosquito Control de la Diputación Provincial de Huelva, Ctra. Hospital Infanta Elena s/n, 21007, Huelva, Spain
| | - M A González
- Department of Animal Health, NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Berreaga 1, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - R Morchón
- Group of Animal and Human dirofilariosis. University of Salamanca, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Miguel Unamuno, C/ Lic. Méndez Nieto, s/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - D Gómez-Barroso
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029, Madrid. Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Figuerola
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, EBD-CSIC, C/ Américo Vespucio 26, 41092, Seville, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Miranda MA, Silva LB, Carvalho IPS, Amaral R, de Paula MH, Swiech K, Bastos JK, Paschoal JAR, Emery FS, Dos Reis RB, Bentley MVLB, Marcato PD. Targeted uptake of folic acid-functionalized polymeric nanoparticles loading glycoalkaloidic extract in vitro and in vivo assays. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 192:111106. [PMID: 32474325 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Solanum lycocarpum fruits contain two major glycoalkaloids (GAs), solamargine (SM) and solasonine (SS). These compounds are reported as cytotoxic. However, they have poor water solubility and low bioavailability. To overcome these disadvantages and getting an efficient formulation the current study aimed to develop, characterize, and test the effectiveness of a nanotechnology-based strategy using poly(D,L-lactide) (PLA) nanoparticles functionalized with folate as delivery system of glycoalkaloidic extract (AE) for bladder cancer therapy. The strategic of adding folic acid into nanoformulations can increase the selectivity of the compounds to the cancer cells reducing the side effects. Our results revealed the successful preparation of AE-loaded folate-targeted nanoparticles (NP-F-AE) with particle size around 177 nm, negative zeta potential, polydispersity index <0.20, and higher efficiency of encapsulation for both GAs present in the extract (>85 %). To investigate the cellular uptake, the fluorescent dye coumarin-6 was encapsulated into the nanoparticle (NP-F-C6). The cell studies showed high uptake of nanoparticles by breast (MDA-MB-231) and bladder (RT4) cancer cells, but not for normal keratinocytes cells (HaCaT) indicating the target uptake to cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of nanoparticles was evaluated on RT4 2D culture model showing 2.16-fold lower IC50 than the free AE. Furthermore, the IC50 increased on the RT4 spheroids compared to 2D model. The nanoparticles penetrated homogeneously into the urotheliumof porcine bladder. These results showed that folate-conjugated polymeric nanoparticles are potential carriers for targeted glycoalkaloidic extract delivery to bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Miranda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L B Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I P S Carvalho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Amaral
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M H de Paula
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - K Swiech
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J K Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J A R Paschoal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F S Emery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R B Dos Reis
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M V L B Bentley
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P D Marcato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Miranda MA, Mondal A, Sachdeva M, Cabral H, Neto YAAH, Khan I, Groppo M, McChesney JD, Bastos JK. Chemosensitizing Effect of Cernumidine Extracted from Solanum cernuum on Bladder Cancer Cells in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900334. [PMID: 31448497 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cernumidine (CER) is a guanidinic alkaloid isolated from Solanum cernuum leaves. In this work, we investigated the cytotoxicity, chemosensitizing effect of cernumidine to cisplatin (cDDP) and the possible mechanism of action of the combination on bladder cancer cells. Cernumidine showed cytotoxicity and could sensitize bladder cancer cells to cisplatin. The combination of CER+cDDP inhibited cell migration on T24 cells. CER+cDDP down-regulated MMP-2/9 and p-ERK1/2, while it increased EGFR activity corroborating the observed cell migration inhibition. Down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation pro-apoptotic Bax and further depletion of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) indicates that mitochondria play a central role in the combination treatment inducing the mitochondrial signaling pathway of apoptosis in T24 cells. Our data showed that the alkaloid cernumidine is worthy of further studies as a chemosensitizing agent to be used in complementary chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariza A Miranda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arindam Mondal
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32307, USA
| | - Mandip Sachdeva
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32307, USA
| | - Hamilton Cabral
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Youssef A A H Neto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ikhlas Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, 38677, USA
| | - Milton Groppo
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - James D McChesney
- Ironstone Separations, Inc. 147 County Road 245, Etta, Mississippi, 38627, USA
| | - Jairo K Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Miranda MA, Marcato PD, Carvalho IPS, Silva LB, Ribeiro DL, Amaral R, Swiech K, Bastos JK, Paschoal JAR, Dos Reis RB, Bentley MVLB. Assessing the cytotoxic potential of glycoalkaloidic extract in nanoparticles against bladder cancer cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 71:1520-1531. [PMID: 31385306 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study proposed to use the nanotechnology to deliver glycoalkaloidic extract (AE) to bladder cancer cells, evaluating their activity in 2D and 3D models and the biological mechanism of cell death. METHODS NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method using polylactic acid (PLA) and characterized considering their size, charge, particle concentration and stability. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in 2D and 3D model, and the apoptosis and cell cycle were investigated using flow cytometry. KEY FINDINGS NPs loading AE (NP-AE) had diameter around 125 ± 6 nm (PdI <0.1) and negative charge. The encapsulation efficiency of SM and SS was higher than 85% for both compounds. The obtained formulation showed a significant in-vitro cytotoxic effect against RT4 cells in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 two fold lower than the free AE. The cytotoxic effect of NP-AE was mediated by apoptosis and cell cycle arrested in the S phase. RT4 cells cultured under 3D conditions exhibited a higher resistance to the treatments (IC50 ~ three fold higher than in 2D cell culture). CONCLUSION The NP-AE might be a promising nanocarrier to load and deliver glycoalkaloids against bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariza A Miranda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscyla D Marcato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivana P S Carvalho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia B Silva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego L Ribeiro
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robson Amaral
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jairo K Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonas A R Paschoal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo B Dos Reis
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria V L B Bentley
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Miranda MA, Salvatierra S, Rodríguez I, Álvarez MJ, Rodríguez V. Characterization of the flow of patients in a hospital from complex networks. Health Care Manag Sci 2019; 23:66-79. [PMID: 30607802 DOI: 10.1007/s10729-018-9466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We study the efficiency of operations management in a hospital from the dynamics of the flow of patients. Our principal aim is to characterize strategic departments and seasonal patterns in a hospital from a complex networks approach. Process mining techniques are developed to track out-patients' pathways along different departments for the purpose of building weekly networks. In these networks, departments act as nodes with multiple out/in-going arrows connecting other departments. Strategic departments are classified into target and critical departments. On the one hand, target departments, which in this study belong to the oncology area, correspond to those affected by new management policies whose impact is to be assessed. On the other hand, critical departments correspond to the most active departments, the hubs of the networks. Using suitable networks parameters, strategic departments are shown to be highly efficient regardless of the season, which naturally translates into a high level of service offered to patients. In addition, our results show conformance with the new objectives concerning target departments. The methodology presented is shown to be successful in evaluating the efficiency of hospital services in order to enhance process performances, and moreover, it is suitable to be implemented in healthcare management systems at a greater scale and the service industry whenever the flow of clients or customers are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Miranda
- Department of Business Administration, School of Economics and Business Administration, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - S Salvatierra
- Department of Business Administration, School of Economics and Business Administration, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - I Rodríguez
- Department of Business Administration, School of Economics and Business Administration, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M J Álvarez
- Department of Industrial Organization, School of Engineering (TECNUN), University of Navarra, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - V Rodríguez
- Department of Business Administration, School of Economics and Business Administration, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Sanz-Aguilar A, Rosselló R, Bengoa M, Ruiz-Pérez M, González-Calleja M, Barceló C, Borrás D, Paredes-Esquivel C, Miranda MA, Tavecchia G. Water associated with residential areas and tourist resorts is the key predictor of Asian tiger mosquito presence on a Mediterranean island. Med Vet Entomol 2018; 32:443-450. [PMID: 29969158 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae), is a highly invasive species and a vector of several viruses of serious concern to public health. Investigating the habitat selection of this species at small to medium scales is essential to the planning of effective prevention and control campaigns. The present group considered detailed data for this species' presence/absence collected at 228 sites on Mallorca Island (Spain) in autumn 2015, 3 years after the first detection of the species on the island. Site occupancy models accounting for false negative detections and imperfect monitoring were used to evaluate the relationships between mosquito presence and habitat variables. In the study area, mosquito presence was negatively associated with altitude, probably as a result of greater human presence at low altitudes near the coast. Moreover, the presence of Ae. albopictus was positively associated with swimming pools as a result of associated gardens, plants and sources of fresh water. These two variables were combined to predict the presence of the species across the entire island.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sanz-Aguilar
- Animal Demography and Ecology Group, Department of Animal and Microbial Biodiversity, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), Spanish National Research Council, University of the Balearic Islands (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - R Rosselló
- Animal Demography and Ecology Group, Department of Animal and Microbial Biodiversity, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), Spanish National Research Council, University of the Balearic Islands (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - M Bengoa
- Consultoria Moscard Tigre, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M Ruiz-Pérez
- GIS and Remote Sensing Service, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M González-Calleja
- Department of Geographic Information Systems, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - C Barceló
- Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - D Borrás
- Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - C Paredes-Esquivel
- Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M A Miranda
- Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - G Tavecchia
- Animal Demography and Ecology Group, Department of Animal and Microbial Biodiversity, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), Spanish National Research Council, University of the Balearic Islands (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
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8
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Martinez-Haya R, Gomis J, Arques A, Amat AM, Miranda MA, Marin ML. Direct detection of the triphenylpyrylium-derived short-lived intermediates in the photocatalyzed degradation of acetaminophen, acetamiprid, caffeine and carbamazepine. J Hazard Mater 2018; 356:91-97. [PMID: 29857226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes are useful methodologies to accomplish abatement of contaminants; however, elucidation of the reaction mechanisms is hampered by the difficult detection of the short-lived primary key species involved in the photocatalytic processes. Nevertheless, herein the combined use of an organic photocatalyst such as triphenylpyrylium (TPP+) and photophysical techniques based on emission and absorption spectroscopy allowed monitoring the photocatalyst-derived short-lived intermediates. This methodology has been applied to the photocatalyzed degradation of different pollutants, such as acetaminophen, acetamiprid, caffeine and carbamazepine. First, photocatalytic degradation of a mixture of the pollutants showed that acetaminophen was the most easily photodegraded, followed by carbamazepine and caffeine, being the abatement of acetamiprid almost negligible. This process was accompanied by mineralization, as demonstrated by trapping of carbon dioxide using barium hydroxide. Then, emission spectroscopy measurements (steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence) allowed demonstrating quenching of the singlet excited state of TPP+. Laser flash photolysis experiments with absorption detection showed that oxidation of contaminants is accompanied by TPP+ reduction, with formation of a pyranyl radical (TPP), that constituted a fingerprint of the redox nature of the occurring process. The relative amounts of TPP detected was also correlated with the efficiency of the photodegradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martinez-Haya
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Gomis
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada, Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Campus de Alcoy, Alcoy, Spain
| | - A Arques
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada, Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Campus de Alcoy, Alcoy, Spain.
| | - A M Amat
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada, Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Campus de Alcoy, Alcoy, Spain
| | - M A Miranda
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - M L Marin
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Barceló C, Miranda MA. Bionomics of livestock-associated Culicoides (biting midge) bluetongue virus vectors under laboratory conditions. Med Vet Entomol 2018; 32:216-225. [PMID: 29205857 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This research contributes to knowledge of the basic bionomic parameters of vector and non-vector Culicoides species. Field-collected gravid C. imicola and Obsoletus complex showed the longest lifespans in laboratory conditions. Culicoides paolae and C. circumscriptus seemed to be the most suitable species for laboratory rearing in view of their high oviposition rates, short lifecycles, long adult lifespans and female-biased sex ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Barceló
- Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M A Miranda
- Laboratory of Zoology, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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10
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Martinez-Haya R, Gomis J, Arques A, Amat AM, Miranda MA, Marin ML. Direct detection of the triphenylpyrylium-derived short-lived intermediates in the photocatalyzed degradation of acetaminophen, acetamiprid, caffeine and carbamazepine. J Hazard Mater 2018; 342:633. [PMID: 28898860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes are useful methodologies to accomplish abatement of contaminants; however, elucidation of the reaction mechanisms is hampered by the difficult detection of the short-lived primary key species involved in the photocatalytic processes. Nevertheless, herein the combined use of an organic photocatalyst such as triphenylpyrylium (TPP+) and photophysical techniques based on emission and absorption spectroscopy allowed monitoring the photocatalyst-derived short-lived intermediates. This methodology has been applied to the photocatalyzed degradation of different pollutants, such as acetaminophen, acetamiprid, caffeine and carbamazepine. First, photocatalytic degradation of a mixture of the pollutants showed that acetaminophen was the most easily photodegraded, followed by carbamazepine and caffeine, being the abatement of acetamiprid almost negligible. This process was accompanied by mineralization, as demonstrated by trapping of carbon dioxide using barium hydroxide. Then, emission spectroscopy measurements (steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence) allowed demonstrating quenching of the singlet excited state of TPP+. Laser flash photolysis experiments with absorption detection showed that oxidation of contaminants is accompanied by TPP+ reduction, with formation of a pyranyl radical (TPP), that constituted a fingerprint of the redox nature of the occurring process. The relative amounts of TPP detected was also correlated with the efficiency of the photodegradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martinez-Haya
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Gomis
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada, Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Campus de Alcoy, Alcoy, Spain
| | - A Arques
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada, Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Campus de Alcoy, Alcoy, Spain.
| | - A M Amat
- Grupo de Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada, Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Campus de Alcoy, Alcoy, Spain
| | - M A Miranda
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - M L Marin
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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11
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More S, Bicout D, Bøtner A, Butterworth A, Calistri P, Depner K, Edwards S, Garin-Bastuji B, Good M, Gortázar Schmidt C, Michel V, Miranda MA, Saxmose Nielsen S, Raj M, Sihvonen L, Spoolder H, Thulke HH, Velarde A, Willeberg P, Winckler C, Adlhoch C, Baldinelli F, Breed A, Brouwer A, Guillemain M, Harder T, Monne I, Roberts H, Cortinas Abrahantes J, Mosbach-Schulz O, Verdonck F, Morgado J, Stegeman A. Urgent request on avian influenza. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04687. [PMID: 32625275 PMCID: PMC7009852 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 is currently causing an epizootic in Europe, infecting many poultry holdings as well as captive and wild bird species in more than 10 countries. Given the clear clinical manifestation, passive surveillance is considered the most effective means of detecting infected wild and domestic birds. Testing samples from new species and non‐previously reported areas is key to determine the geographic spread of HPAIV H5N8 2016 in wild birds. Testing limited numbers of dead wild birds in previously reported areas is useful when it is relevant to know whether the virus is still present in the area or not, e.g. before restrictive measures in poultry are to be lifted. To prevent introduction of HPAIV from wild birds into poultry, strict biosecurity implemented and maintained by the poultry farmers is the most important measure. Providing holding‐specific biosecurity guidance is strongly recommended as it is expected to have a high impact on the achieved biosecurity level of the holding. This is preferably done during peace time to increase preparedness for future outbreaks. The location and size of control and in particular monitoring areas for poultry associated with positive wild bird findings are best based on knowledge of the wider habitat and flight distance of the affected wild bird species. It is recommended to increase awareness among poultry farmers in these established areas in order to enhance passive surveillance and to implement enhanced biosecurity measures including poultry confinement. There is no scientific evidence suggesting a different effectiveness of the protection measures on the introduction into poultry holdings and subsequent spread of HPAIV when applied to H5N8, H5N1 or other notifiable HPAI viruses. This publication is linked to the following EFSA Supporting Publications article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2016.EN-1142/full
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Massey LA, Miranda MA, Al-Helli O, Parkes HG, Thornton JS, So PW, White MJ, Mancini L, Strand C, Holton J, Lees AJ, Revesz T, Yousry TA. 9.4 T MR microscopy of the substantia nigra with pathological validation in controls and disease. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 13:154-163. [PMID: 27981030 PMCID: PMC5144755 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anatomy of the substantia nigra on conventional MRI is controversial. Even using histological techniques it is difficult to delineate with certainty from surrounding structures. We sought to define the anatomy of the SN using high field spin-echo MRI of pathological material in which we could study the anatomy in detail to corroborate our MRI findings in controls and Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. METHODS 23 brains were selected from the Queen Square Brain Bank (10 controls, 8 progressive supranuclear palsy, 5 Parkinson's disease) and imaged using high field 9.4 Tesla spin-echo MRI. Subsequently brains were cut and stained with Luxol fast blue, Perls stain, and immunohistochemistry for substance P and calbindin. Once the anatomy was defined on histology the dimensions and volume of the substantia nigra were determined on high field magnetic resonance images. RESULTS The anterior border of the substantia nigra was defined by the crus cerebri. In the medial half it was less distinct due to the deposition of iron and the interdigitation of white matter and the substantia nigra. The posterior border was flanked by white matter bridging the red nucleus and substantia nigra and seen as hypointense on spin-echo magnetic resonance images. Within the substantia nigra high signal structures corresponded to confirmed nigrosomes. These were still evident in Parkinson's disease but not in progressive supranuclear palsy. The volume and dimensions of the substantia nigra were similar in Parkinson's disease and controls, but reduced in progressive supranuclear palsy. CONCLUSIONS We present a histologically validated anatomical description of the substantia nigra on high field spin-echo high resolution magnetic resonance images and were able to delineate all five nigrosomes. In accordance with the pathological literature we did not observe changes in the nigrosome structure as manifest by volume or signal characteristics within the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease whereas in progressive supranuclear palsy there was microarchitectural destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- LA Massey
- Sara Koe Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - MA Miranda
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - O Al-Helli
- Sara Koe Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - HG Parkes
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - JS Thornton
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - P-W So
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - MJ White
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Mancini
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Strand
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Holton
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - AJ Lees
- Sara Koe Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Revesz
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - TA Yousry
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Damasceno JL, Oliveira PF, Miranda MA, Leandro LF, Acésio NO, Ozelin SD, Bastos JK, Tavares DC. Protective effects of Solanum cernuum extract against chromosomal and genomic damage induced by methyl methanesulfonate in Swiss mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:1111-1115. [PMID: 27551757 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Solanum cernuum Vell is a Brazilian shrub or small tree, restricted to Southeast states of the country. The leaves are commercialized as "panacéia" and indicated for the treatment of urinary disorders, gonorrhea, scabies, skin diseases and as desobstruent, diuretic and antiarrhythmic. The hydroalcholic extract is active in the treatment of gastric ulcer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of S. cernuum hydroalcoholic extract (SC) in Swiss mice by micronucleus and comet assays. The animals were treated by gavage with the doses of 500, 1000 and 2000mg/kg body weight (b.w.). For antigenotoxicity assessment, the doses of 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240mg/kg b.w SC were administered simultaneously with the mutagen methyl methanesulfonate (MMS, 40mg/kg b.w., i.p.). The results showed that the SC was not genotoxic in both micronucleus and comet assays. On the other hand, the treatment with the lowest dose of SC (15mg/kg b.w.) plus MMS showed a statistically significant reduction in the frequency of micronuclei compared to treatment only with MMS. For the comet assay, significant reduction in extensions of DNA damage was observed in all treatments with SC combined with MMS in comparison with only MMS. The antigenotoxic activity observed for the SC may be due to the antioxidant potential of the compounds present in the extract such as guanidine alkaloids and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline L Damasceno
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pollyanna F Oliveira
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariza A Miranda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, s/n-Monte Alegre, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis F Leandro
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathália O Acésio
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saulo D Ozelin
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jairo K Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, s/n-Monte Alegre, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise C Tavares
- University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Khramtsova EA, Sosnovsky DV, Ageeva AA, Nuin E, Marin ML, Purtov PA, Borisevich SS, Khursan SL, Roth HD, Miranda MA, Plyusnin VF, Leshina TV. Impact of chirality on the photoinduced charge transfer in linked systems containing naproxen enantiomers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:12733-41. [PMID: 27098151 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07305g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The model reaction of photoinduced donor-acceptor interaction in linked systems (dyads) has been used to study the comparative reactivity of a well-known anti-inflammatory drug, (S)-naproxen (NPX) and its (R)-isomer. (R)- or (S)-NPX in these dyads is linked to (S)-N-methylpyrrolidine (Pyr) using a linear or cyclic amino acid bridge (AA or CyAA), to give (R)-/(S)-NPX-AA-(S)-Pyr flexible and (R)-/(S)-NPX-CyAA-(S)-Pyr rigid dyads. The donor-acceptor interaction is reminiscent of the binding (partial charge transfer, CT) and electron transfer (ET) processes involved in the extensively studied inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzymes (COXs) by the NPX enantiomers. Besides that, both optical isomers undergo oxidative metabolism by enzymes from the P450 family, which also includes ET. The scheme proposed for the excitation quenching of the (R)- and (S)-NPX excited state in these dyads is based on the joint analysis of the chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (CIDNP) and fluorescence data. The (1)H CIDNP effects in this system appear in the back electron transfer in the biradical-zwitterion (BZ), which is formed via dyad photoirradiation. The rate constants of individual steps in the proposed scheme and the fluorescence quantum yields of the local excited (LE) states and exciplexes show stereoselectivity. It depends on the bridge's length, structure and solvent polarity. The CIDNP effects (experimental and calculated) also demonstrate stereodifferentiation. The exciplex quantum yields and the rates of formation are larger for the dyads containing (R)-NPX, which let us suggest a higher contribution from the CT processes with the (R)-optical isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Khramtsova
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, Institutskaya st., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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Magin IM, Polyakov NE, Kruppa AI, Purtov PA, Leshina TV, Kiryutin AS, Miranda MA, Nuin E, Marin ML. Low field photo-CIDNP in the intramolecular electron transfer of naproxen-pyrrolidine dyads. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 18:901-7. [PMID: 26648262 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04233j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced processes with partial (exciplex) and full charge transfer in donor-acceptor systems are of interest because they are frequently used for modeling drug-protein binding. Low field photo-CIDNP (chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization) for these processes in dyads, including the drug, (S)- and (R)-naproxen and (S)-N-methyl pyrrolidine in solutions with strong and weak permittivity have been measured. The dramatic influence of solvent permittivity on the field dependence of the N-methyl pyrrolidine (1)H CIDNP effects has been found. The field dependences of both (R,S)- and (S,S)-dyads in a polar medium are the curves with a single extremum in the area of the S-T+ terms intersection. Moreover, the CIDNP field dependences of the same protons measured in a low polar medium present curves with several extrema. The shapes of the experimental CIDNP field dependence with two extrema have been described using the Green function approach for the calculation of the CIDNP effects in the system without electron exchange interactions. The article discusses the possible causes of the differences between the CIDNP field dependence detected in a low-permittivity solvent with the strong Coulomb interactions and in a polar solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Magin
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, Institutskaya st. 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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Del Río R, Barceló C, Paredes-Esquivel C, Lucientes J, Miranda MA. Susceptibility of Culicoides species biting midges to deltamethrin-treated nets as determined under laboratory and field conditions in the Balearic Islands, Spain. Med Vet Entomol 2014; 28:414-420. [PMID: 24890642 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are vectors of several arboviruses, including bluetongue virus (BTV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV), which cause diseases in, respectively, sheep and cattle, and horses, and have economic repercussions mainly as a result of trade restrictions. Insecticides can be used to reduce vector populations and hence the spread of disease. Despite the economic importance of these diseases, relatively few studies have evaluated the efficacy of commercially available insecticides and the effectiveness of treated nets against Culicoides species. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the insecticidal effect of commercially available polyethylene nets (ZeroVector(®) ) treated with deltamethrin (4.4 g/kg ± 15%) on Culicoides species. Laboratory and field trials were conducted in Culicoides populations collected in Majorca in the Balearic Islands, Spain. The present study shows that deltamethrin-treated nets provoke high and rapid mortality (90-100%) in Culicoides midges under laboratory conditions and increase mortality by 13% when deployed in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Del Río
- Laboratory of Zoology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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17
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Cantelli BAM, Barbosa FR, Bitencourt TA, Miranda MA, Bastos JK, Marins M, Fachin AL, De Abreu MH, Crivelenti YD, Mesquita TB. Evaluation of antifungal activity of glycoalkaloids from the Solanum lycocarpum St. Hil (lobeira) in the cell membrane of dermatophyte of Trichophyton rubrum. BMC Proc 2014. [PMCID: PMC4204338 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-8-s4-p11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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18
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Abstract
We present a study of the freezing dynamics of topological defects in a subcritical system by testing the Kibble-Zurek (KZ) mechanism while crossing a tri-stable region in a one-dimensional quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equation. The critical exponents of the KZ mechanism and the horizon (KZ-scaling regime) are predicted from the quasistatic study, and are in full accordance with the quenched study. The correlation length, in the KZ freezing regime, is corroborated from the number of topological defects and from the spatial correlation function of the order parameter. Furthermore, we characterize the dynamics to differentiate three out-of-equilibrium regimes: the adiabatic, the impulse and the free relaxation. We show that the impulse regime shares a common temporal domain with a fast exponential increase of the order parameter.
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Calvo JH, Berzal B, Calvete C, Miranda MA, Estrada R, Lucientes J. Host feeding patterns of Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) within the Picos de Europa National Park in northern Spain. Bull Entomol Res 2012; 102:692-7. [PMID: 22647415 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485312000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Blood meal identification can provide information about the natural host-feeding patterns or preferences of Culicoides species. Such information could indirectly provide data indicating which reservoirs are significant in associated vector-borne diseases. We positively identified the host species through DNA sequencing of the cytochrome b gene in 144 of the 170 (84.7%) blood meal specimens tested. In the remaining samples, identification of the blood-meal source was unsuccessful, possibly due to the post-ingestion time prior to sampling or the availability of the species-specific cytochrome b gene sequences in the database. The majority of identified blood meals were derived from mammalian blood (95.8%), and only six contained chicken blood. We identified five species as mammalian hosts for Culicoides spp.: sheep (87.7%), human (6.5%), cattle (3.7%) and Savi's Pine Vole (Micrototus savii) (2.1%). The results suggested that large mammals, specifically ruminants, were most frequently fed upon by biting midges (Culicoides spp.), but evidence of opportunistic feeding behaviour was also found. Host feeding behaviour of Culicoides species may also be influenced by the relative abundance of a particular host species in the area being studied. In this sense, Savi's Pine Vole, a wild species, was found to be a locally relevant host and a putative reservoir for viruses transmitted by species of biting midges belonging to the Culicoides genus. Finally, feeding on multiple potential host species was observed. One midge acquired blood meals from human and chicken hosts, while four other midges fed on two different sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Calvo
- Unidad Tecnología en Producción Animal, CITA, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Del Rio López R, Miranda MA, Paredes-Esquivel C, Lucientes J, Calvete C, Estrada R, Venter GJ. Recovery rates of bluetongue virus serotypes 1, 2, 4 and 8 Spanish strains from orally infected Culicoides imicola in South Africa. Med Vet Entomol 2012; 26:162-167. [PMID: 22077485 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.00990.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious disease of ruminants that has spread northwards in Europe during the last decade. The aetiological agent of the disease is an arbovirus [bluetongue virus (BTV)] that belongs to the genus Orbivirus (family Reoviridae). The virus is transmitted by certain species of biting midge within the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Information on the vector status of the Culicoides species in a specific area will be essential to predict the risk for BTV incursion. Field-collected Culicoides (Avaritia) imicola Kieffer from South Africa were fed on blood containing several Spanish isolates of BTV. Despite the high virus concentrations in the bloodmeal (5.1-6.4 log(10) TCID(50) /mL of blood), virus was recovered from <1% of midges assayed after incubation. Virus concentrations >2.5 log(10) TCID(50) /midge in individual infected C. imicola suggest virus replication with possible risk for transmission to susceptible vertebrate hosts in the field for at least two of the serotypes assayed (BTV-1 and BTV-2). A third serotype (BTV-4) was very close to the estimated threshold for transmission. The relatively low to near refractory status of C. imicola compared with other vector species such as Culicoides bolitinos supports previous results, indicating that Culicoides species other than C. imicola may play a more important role in the epidemiology of BTV.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Del Rio López
- Laboratory of Zoology and Emerging Diseases, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB-IUNICS), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Sinclair CDJ, Morrow JM, Miranda MA, Davagnanam I, Cowley PC, Mehta H, Hanna MG, Koltzenburg M, Yousry TA, Reilly MM, Thornton JS. Skeletal muscle MRI magnetisation transfer ratio reflects clinical severity in peripheral neuropathies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012; 83:29-32. [PMID: 21613652 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2011.246116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
MRI may provide treatment outcome measures in neuromuscular conditions. The authors assessed MRI magnetisation transfer ratios (MTRs) in lower-limb musculature as markers of pathology in peripheral neuropathies and compared the findings with associated clinical data. Ten patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) and nine patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) were compared with 10 healthy subjects. The MTR in the calf muscles was significantly lower than controls in the two patient groups (both p<0.001). The median MTRs (IQR) were 50.5(1.6) percentage units (p.u.) (control), 41.5(10.6) p.u. (CMT1A) and 39.3(8.7) p.u. (CIDP). Moreover, anterior lower leg MTR correlated strongly with strength of ankle dorsiflexion, measured with the Medical Research Council scale, in CIDP (ρ=0.88, p<0.001) and also in CMT1A (ρ=0.50, p<0.05), where MTR also showed an association with disease duration (ρ=-0.86, p<0.001). Short tau inversion recovery MRI of the same muscles showed abnormalities associated with regions of reduced MTR (p<0.001), and MTR was also reduced in other muscles otherwise deemed normal appearing (p<0.001), indicating that MTR may be more sensitive to muscle damaged by denervation than conventional MRI. The significant reductions in muscle MTR in peripheral neuropathies and the associated correlations with clinical measures indicate that MTR has potential as an imaging outcome measure in future therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D J Sinclair
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Box 65, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
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22
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Tiossi RFJ, Da Costa JC, Miranda MA, Praça FSG, Bentley MVLB, Bastos JK, McChesney JD. A validated HPLC analytical method for the analysis of solasonine and solamargine in in vitro skin penetration studies. QUIM NOVA 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-40422012001100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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23
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Sinclair CDJ, Miranda MA, Cowley P, Morrow JM, Davagnanam I, Mehta H, Hanna MG, Koltzenburg M, Reilly MM, Yousry TA, Thornton JS. MRI shows increased sciatic nerve cross sectional area in inherited and inflammatory neuropathies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2011; 82:1283-6. [PMID: 20971754 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.211334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Measurements of the cross sectional area of the sciatic nerve are described in a group of 10 patients with genetically confirmed Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A), nine patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and 10 healthy controls using MRI. One mid-thigh of each individual was imaged using a short tau inversion recovery sequence and the nerve appearance evaluated radiologically with respect to the signal intensity and visibility of the internal neural structure. The cross sectional area of the sciatic nerve of each individual was measured by defining irregular enclosing regions of interest on the MRI images. The sciatic nerve area was enlarged in both CMT1A (p<0.001) and CIDP (p=0.008) compared with controls and in CMT1A compared with CIDP (p<0.001). Median (interquartile range) areas were 67.6 (16.2) mm(2) for the CIDP group, 135.9 (46.5) mm(2) for the CMT1A group and 43.3 (19.9) mm(2) for the control group. The critical upper value for discriminating pathologically enlarged nerves from normal controls with p<0.05 was 64.4 mm(2). Quantification of sciatic nerve hypertrophy on MRI may be of assistance in cases where the diagnosis is still in doubt, providing an objective pathological marker complimenting other clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D J Sinclair
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
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24
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Massey LA, Miranda MA, Zrinzo L, Al-Helli O, Parkes HG, Thornton JS, So PW, White MJ, Mancini L, Strand C, Holton JL, Hariz MI, Lees AJ, Revesz T, Yousry TA. High resolution MR anatomy of the subthalamic nucleus: imaging at 9.4 T with histological validation. Neuroimage 2011; 59:2035-44. [PMID: 22036997 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Using conventional MRI the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is not clearly defined. Our objective was to define the anatomy of the STN using 9.4 T MRI of post mortem tissue with histological validation. Spin-echo (SE) and 3D gradient-echo (GE) images were obtained at 9.4 T in 8 post mortem tissue blocks and compared directly with corresponding histological slides prepared with Luxol Fast Blue/Cresyl Violet (LFB/CV) in 4 cases and Perl stain in 3. The variability of the STN anatomy was studied using internal reference points. The anatomy of the STN and surrounding structures was demonstrated in all three anatomical planes using 9.4 T MR images in concordance with LFB/CV stained histological sections. Signal hypointensity was seen in 6/8 cases in the anterior and medial STN that corresponded with regions of more intense Perl staining. There was significant variability in the volume, shape and location of the borders of the STN. Using 9.4 T MRI, the internal signal characteristics and borders of the STN are clearly defined and significant anatomical variability is apparent. Direct visualisation of the STN is possible using high field MRI and this is particularly relevant, given its anatomical variability, for planning deep brain stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Massey
- Sara Koe PSP Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
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25
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Venter GJ, Wright IM, Del Rio R, Lucientes J, Miranda MA. The susceptibility of Culicoides imicola and other South African livestock-associated Culicoides species to infection with bluetongue virus serotype 8. Med Vet Entomol 2011; 25:320-326. [PMID: 21133962 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00931.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In 2006, a strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) of sub-Saharan origin was responsible for the first outbreaks in recorded history of clinical bluetongue disease (BT) in northern Europe. In this study, we examine the oral susceptibility of Culicoides (Avaritia) imicola Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and other livestock-associated Culicoides species from southern Africa to infection with several strains of BTV-8. Following feeding using an artificial membrane-based method and incubation, virus was found in <1% of C. imicola individuals tested. Higher rates of susceptibility were found, however, for a variety of other South African species, including Culicoides (Avaritia) bolitinos Meiswinkel. Although these results do not preclude the role of C. imicola as a vector of BTV-8, its low susceptibility to BTV indicates that other less abundant Culicoides species may have the potential to play decisive roles in the epidemiology of this virus and should not be excluded from risk assessment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Venter
- Parasites, Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute (ARC-OVI), Onderstepoort, South Africa.
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26
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Calvete C, Estrada R, Miranda MA, Del Rio R, Borrás D, Beldron FJ, Martínez A, Calvo AJ, Lucientes J. Protection of livestock against bluetongue virus vector Culicoides imicola using insecticide-treated netting in open areas. Med Vet Entomol 2010; 24:169-175. [PMID: 20604862 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2009.00858.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The protection of livestock against Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) using physical barriers or chemically treated barriers is difficult owing to the small size of these biting midges and animal welfare concerns associated with the reduction of air flow. Culicoides imicola Kieffer is the main bluetongue virus vector in the Mediterranean basin, including the southern Iberian peninsula, where livestock is mainly housed in open pens or sheds which offer no physical protection against C. imicola. In this study we assessed the efficacy of surrounding yearling ewe pens with a canvas barrier or a cypermethrin-treated canvas barrier in reducing the entry of Culicoides spp. and C. imicola. Analyses were based on comparisons of Culicoides catches in traps in pens with and without barriers, and in traps located outside pens. Although there was no clear reduction in the abundance of Culicoides other than C. imicola in pens with either barrier, the C. imicola presence was markedly reduced by the insecticide-treated barrier compared with the untreated barrier; the latter did not reduce the abundance of this species in pens. Estimates of the protection conferred against C. imicola by the treated barrier differed depending on whether catch comparisons were based on outside traps or on traps located inside no-barrier pens. The results suggest that the use of insecticide-treated barriers may reduce contact between livestock and C. imicola in open areas or sheds. More research is necessary to assess the degree of protection as a function of barrier height, C. imicola abundance, and the size of the area to be protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Calvete
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA-Gobierno de Aragón), Unidad de Sanidad y Producción Animal, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Paredes-Esquivel C, Del Río R, Monerris M, Martí T, Borras D, Miranda MA. High prevalence of myiasis by Oestrus ovis in the Balearic Islands. Parasite 2010; 16:323-4. [PMID: 20092066 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2009164323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Calvo JH, Calvete C, Martinez-Royo A, Estrada R, Miranda MA, Borras D, Sarto I Monteys V, Pages N, Delgado JA, Collantes F, Lucientes J. Variations in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene indicate northward expanding populations of Culicoides imicola in Spain. Bull Entomol Res 2009; 99:583-591. [PMID: 19889254 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485309006622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Culicoides imicola is the main vector for bluetongue (BT) and African horse sickness (AHS) viruses in the Mediterranean basin and in southern Europe. In this study, we analysed partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene to characterize and confirm population expansion of Culicoides imicola across Spain. The data were analysed at two hierarchical levels to test the relationship between C. imicola haplotypes in Spain (n = 215 from 58 different locations) and worldwide (n = 277). We found nineteen different haplotypes within the Spanish population, including 11 new haplotypes. No matrilineal subdivision was found within the Spanish population, while western and eastern Mediterranean C. imicola populations were very structured. These findings were further supported by median networks and mismatch haplotype distributions. Median networks demonstrated that the haplotypes we observed in the western Mediterranean region were closely related with one another, creating a clear star-like phylogeny separated only by a single mutation from eastern haplotypes. The two, genetically distinct, sources of C. imicola in the Mediterranean basin, thus, were confirmed. This type of star-like population structure centred around the most frequent haplotype is best explained by rapid expansion. Furthermore, the proposed northern expansion was also supported by the statistically negative Tajima's D and Fu's Fs values, as well as predicted mismatch distributions of sudden and spatially expanding populations. Our results thus indicated that C. imicola population expansion was a rapid and recent phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Calvo
- Unidad de Tecnología en Producción animal, CITA-ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain.
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29
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Calvete C, Estrada R, Miranda MA, Del Rio R, Borrás D, Beldron FJ, Martínez A, Calvo AJ, Lucientes J. Entry of bluetongue vector Culicoides imicola into livestock premises in Spain. Med Vet Entomol 2009; 23:202-208. [PMID: 19531066 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2009.00801.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Culicoides imicola Kieffer is considered to be the main vector of bluetongue disease (BT) and African horse sickness (AHS) in the Mediterranean basin. It has been assumed that this midge species is exophilic and, consequently, that stabling of livestock should provide effective protection against these diseases. This study presents the results of sampling surveys for C. imicola carried out both inside and outside stables on three farms in mainland Spain. The number of C. imicola captured varied as a function of the populations sampled and trap location (inside vs. outside). The daily mean number captured inside during the sampling of each farm population was directly correlated with the daily mean number captured outside, but daily correlation of captures was not observed. By contrast with previous studies, the mean catch of C. imicola inside was consistently higher than that outside. No clear effect of stable characteristics on the degree of entry was detected. In addition, proportions of males and age-graded female groups varied among populations and with trap location. Proportionately more males and fewer engorged females were captured outside than inside, although the proportions varied among stables. These results contrast with those of previous studies, and with the assumed pronounced exophilic behaviour of C. imicola, and raise important questions about the vector activity of this species in the study area and its implications for the epidemiology of BT and/or AHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Calvete
- Unidad de Sanidad y Producción Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA), Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.
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30
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Miranda MA, Burguete J. Experimentally observed route to spatiotemporal chaos in an extended one-dimensional array of convective oscillators. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2009; 79:046201. [PMID: 19518306 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.79.046201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental evidence of the route to spatiotemporal chaos in a large one-dimensional array of hotspots in a thermoconvective system. As the driving force is increased, a stationary cellular pattern becomes unstable toward a mixed pattern of irregular clusters which consist of time-dependent localized patterns of variable spatiotemporal coherence. These irregular clusters coexist with the basic cellular pattern. The Fourier spectra corresponding to this synchronization transition reveal the weak coupling of a resonant triad. This pattern saturates with the formation of a unique domain of high spatiotemporal coherence. As we further increase the driving force, a supercritical bifurcation to a spatiotemporal beating regime takes place. The new pattern is characterized by the presence of two stationary clusters with a characteristic zig-zag geometry. The Fourier analysis reveals a stronger coupling than the previous mixed pattern and enables us to find out that this beating phenomenon is produced by the splitting of the fundamental spatiotemporal frequencies in a narrow band. Both secondary instabilities are phaselike synchronization transitions with global and absolute character. Far beyond this threshold, a new instability takes place when the system is not able to sustain the spatial frequency splitting, although the temporal beating remains inside these domains. These experimental results may support the understanding of other systems in nature undergoing similar clustering processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Miranda
- Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea s/n, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain.
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31
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Azevedo JRA, Azevedo RP, Miranda MA, Costa NNR, Araujo LO. Management of hyperglycemia in patients with acute ischemic stroke: comparison of two strategies. Crit Care 2009. [PMCID: PMC4085448 DOI: 10.1186/cc7850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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32
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Miranda MA, Burguete J. Subcritical instabilities in a convective fluid layer under a quasi-one-dimensional heating. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2008; 78:046305. [PMID: 18999524 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.046305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The study and characterization of the diversity of spatiotemporal patterns generated when a rectangular layer of fluid is locally heated beneath its free surface is presented. We focus on the instability of a stationary cellular pattern of wave number ks which undergoes a globally subcritical transition to traveling waves by parity-breaking symmetry. The experimental results show how the emerging traveling mode (2ks/3) switches on a resonant triad (ks, ks/2, 2ks/3) within the cellular pattern yielding a "mixed" pattern. The nature of this transition is described quantitatively in terms of the evolution of the fundamental modes by complex demodulation techniques. The Bénard-Marangoni convection accounts for the different dynamics depending on the depth of the fluid layer and on the vertical temperature difference. The existence of a hysteresis cycle has been evaluated quantitatively. When the bifurcation to traveling waves is measured in the vicinity of the codimension-2 bifurcation point, we measure a decrease of the subcritical interval in which the traveling mode becomes unstable. From the traveling wave state the system undergoes a global secondary bifurcation to an alternating pattern which doubles the wavelength (ks/2) of the primary cellular pattern; this result compares well with theoretical predictions [P. Coullet and G. Iooss, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 866 (1990)]. In this cascade of bifurcations towards a defect dynamics, bistability due to the subcritical behavior of our system is the reason for the coexistence of two different modulated patterns connected by a front. These fronts are stationary for a finite interval of the control parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Miranda
- Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea s/n, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain
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Silvério MS, Sousa OV, Del-Vechio-Vieira G, Miranda MA, Matheus FC, Kaplan MAC. Propriedades farmacológicas do extrato etanólico de Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) McLeisch (Asteraceae). Rev bras farmacogn 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2008000300017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Calvete C, Estrada R, Miranda MA, Borrás D, Calvo JH, Lucientes J. Ecological correlates of bluetongue virus in Spain: predicted spatial occurrence and its relationship with the observed abundance of the potential Culicoides spp. vector. Vet J 2008; 182:235-43. [PMID: 18667341 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Using data from bluetongue (BT) outbreaks caused by viral serotype 4 (BTV-4) in Spain during 2004-2005, a predictive model for BTV-4 occurrence in peninsular Spain was developed. An autologistic regression model was employed to estimate the relationships between BTV-4 presence and bioclimatic-related and host-availability-related variables. In addition, the observed abundances of the main potential Culicoides vectors during 2004-2005, namely Culicoides imicola, Culicoides obsoletus group, and species of the Culicoides pulicaris group, were compared between BTV-4 presence/absence areas predicted by the model. BTV-4 occurrence was mainly explained by bioclimatic variables, although a consideration of host-availability variables led to improved fit of the model. The area of BTV-4 presence predicted by the model largely resembled the core distribution area of C. imicola, and this species was the most abundant Culicoides spp. in predicted BTV-4 presence areas. The results suggest that the spatial expansion of BTV-4 took place only as far as those areas in which C. imicola populations efficiently transmitted the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Calvete
- Unidad de Sanidad y Producción Animal. Centro de Investigación y Tecnología, Agroalimentaria, Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.
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35
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Calvete C, Estrada R, Miranda MA, Borrás D, Calvo JH, Lucientes J. Modelling the distributions and spatial coincidence of bluetongue vectors Culicoides imicola and the Culicoides obsoletus group throughout the Iberian peninsula. Med Vet Entomol 2008; 22:124-134. [PMID: 18498611 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2008.00728.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Data obtained by a Spanish national surveillance programme in 2005 were used to develop climatic models for predictions of the distribution of the bluetongue virus (BTV) vectors Culicoides imicola Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and the Culicoides obsoletus group Meigen throughout the Iberian peninsula. Models were generated using logistic regression to predict the probability of species occurrence at an 8-km spatial resolution. Predictor variables included the annual mean values and seasonalities of a remotely sensed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), a sun index, interpolated precipitation and temperature. Using an information-theoretic paradigm based on Akaike's criterion, a set of best models accounting for 95% of model selection certainty were selected and used to generate an average predictive model for each vector. The predictive performances (i.e. the discrimination capacity and calibration) of the average models were evaluated by both internal and external validation. External validation was achieved by comparing average model predictions with surveillance programme data obtained in 2004 and 2006. The discriminatory capacity of both models was found to be reasonably high. The estimated areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) were 0.78 and 0.70 for the C. imicola and C. obsoletus group models, respectively, in external validation, and 0.81 and 0.75, respectively, in internal validation. The predictions of both models were in close agreement with the observed distribution patterns of both vectors. Both models, however, showed a systematic bias in their predicted probability of occurrence: observed occurrence was systematically overestimated for C. imicola and underestimated for the C. obsoletus group. Average models were used to determine the areas of spatial coincidence of the two vectors. Although their spatial distributions were highly complementary, areas of spatial coincidence were identified, mainly in Portugal and in the southwest of peninsular Spain. In a hypothetical scenario in which both Culicoides members had similar vectorial capacity for a BTV strain, these areas should be considered of special epidemiological concern because any epizootic event could be intensified by consecutive vector activity developed for both species during the year; consequently, the probability of BTV spreading to remaining areas occupied by both vectors might also be higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Calvete
- Unidad de Sanidad y Producción Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria (CITA), Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.
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36
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Calvete C, Miranda MA, Estrada R, Borras D, Sarto i Monteys V, Collantes F, Garcia-de-Francisco JM, Moreno N, Lucientes J. Spatial distribution of Culicoides imicola, the main vector of bluetongue virus, in Spain. Vet Rec 2006; 158:130-1. [PMID: 16443839 DOI: 10.1136/vr.158.4.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Calvete
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Gobierno de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
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Amat AM, Arques A, Miranda MA, López F. Use of ozone and/or UV in the treatment of effluents from board paper industry. Chemosphere 2005; 60:1111-7. [PMID: 15993159 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2004] [Revised: 12/21/2004] [Accepted: 12/24/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work has been to study the viability of ozone and/or UV in the treatment of cardboard industry effluents. Several model compounds have been chosen for the experiments: guaicol, eugenol, glucose, acetate and butyrate. Significant differences in the ozonisation rates are observed between phenolic products coming from lignin (eugenol and guaiacol) and aliphatic compounds. Reactions fit in all cases a pseudo-first order kinetics and are influenced by the pH of the solution. Real effluents have also been tested, and the COD decrease has been found to depend on the fatty acids/phenols ratio. Finally, respirometric studies have shown an increase in the BODst in effluents subjected to a mild oxidation, while under stronger conditions a BODst decrease is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Amat
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, EPSA-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Paseo del Viaducto 1, E-03801 Alcoy, Spain.
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Brunaldi K, Miranda MA, Abdulkader F, Curi R, Procopio J. Effects of palmitic acid and cholesterol on proton transport across black lipid membranes. Bioelectrochemistry 2004; 65:9-13. [PMID: 15522686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2004.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2003] [Revised: 01/15/2004] [Accepted: 01/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effect of palmitic acid (PA) and cholesterol (approximately 17 wt.%) on proton translocation across asolectin (charged) and diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine (DPhPC, neutral) black lipid membranes (BLMs). Potential difference (PD), short circuit current (SCC), and conductance (G(total)) were measured with a digital electrometer. Membranes were exposed to pH gradients (0.4-2.0 units), followed by PA addition to bath (symmetrically, 40-65 microM). The membrane conductive pathway was subdivided into an unspecific and a proton-related routes. A computer program estimated the conductances (G(un) and G(H)) of the two pathways from the measured parameters. No significant differences in proton selectivity were found between DPhPC membranes and DPhPC/cholesterol membranes. By contrast, cholesterol incorporation into asolectin increases membranes selectivity to proton. Cholesterol dramatically reduced G(un) reflecting, probably, its ability of inducing order in lipid chains. In asolectin membranes, PA increases proton selectivity, probably by acting as a proton shuttle according to the model proposed by Kamp and et al. [Biochemistry 34 (1995) 11928]. Cholesterol incorporation into asolectin membranes eliminates the PA-induced increase in proton selectivity. In DPhPC and DPhPC/cholesterol membranes, PA does not affect proton selectivity. These results are discussed in terms of the presence of cardiolipin (CL) in asolectin, cholesterol/PA interactions, and cholesterol order-inducing effects on acyl-chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Brunaldi
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Miranda MA, Rincón C, Borràs D. Seasonal abundance of Culicoides imicola and C. obsoletus in the Balearic islands. Vet Ital 2004; 40:292-295. [PMID: 20419681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak of bluetongue (BT) was declared on the Balearic islands of Spain in September and October 2000. In 2001 and 2002, an intensive survey was conducted on cattle farms in Majorca and Minorca for the principal vectors in the Mediterranean Basin, Culicoides imicola and C. obsoletus. Adult Culicoides were collected once a week between June 2001 and December 2002 using CDC light traps. The results from 348 light-trap collections revealed that, in addition to other species of the genus Culicoides, both C. imicola and C. obsoletus appear to be well established on both Majorca and Minorca. Furthermore, both species showed a different seasonal abundance pattern: peak adult populations of C. obsoletus occurred in July, while those of C. imicola peaked in October. These findings indicate that the principal vector in the outbreak of BT in the Balearic islands in 2000 was probably C. imicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Miranda
- Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemosa km 7.5, Palma de Majorca, Spain
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Abstract
The possible stereoselectivity in DNA-photosensitization by carprofen (a NSAID drug) and ofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone agent) was investigated. The different drug stereoisomers or racemic mixtures were UVA-irradiated and the relaxation of the supercoiled circular pBR322 quantified by electrophoresis. Formation of single strand breaks was compared for each group of compounds. Moreover a mechanistic study by means of repair enzymes: T4 endonuclease V (specific of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers), E. coli endonuclease III (revealing oxidized pyrimidines) and E. coli Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (revealing oxidized purines) provided further insights into a possible stereoselectivity of the different reaction pathways in drug photosensitized-DNA damage. Ofloxacin and levofloxacin (its S stereoisomer) were responsible of single strand breaks formation as well as oxidation of pyrimidine and purine bases. No pyrimidine dimers were observed. Racemic, R and S stereoisomers of carprofen were less efficient than ofloxacin in DNA single strand breaks formation and did not induce enzyme-sensitive sites. The photoproducts distribution of drug-photosensitized reactions of 2'-deoxyguanosine and thymidine were established by HPLC as fingerprints for assignment of the DNA-photosensitization mechanism. Both Type I and Type II mechanisms were assigned to nucleoside-photosensitization by ofloxacin and levofloxacin. In the case of carprofen, a weak nucleoside degradation was obtained. The data suggest that levofloxacin, the (S) stereoisomer, might be slightly more efficient than racemic ofloxacin. In the case of carprofen the (S) isomer appears to be somewhat less active than its (R) enantiomer. However, due to the small differences found, the possible stereoselectivity has to be confirmed by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lhiaubet-Vallet
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46071 Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
The photophysical properties and photochemistry of indoprofen (INP) have been investigated. Absorption and emission spectroscopies in phosphate buffer, ethanol and ether show that INP photophysics is dominated by a singlet-singlet transition of pipi* character. INP fluoresces at room temperature, with a quantum yield approximately 0.04. Flash photolysis experiments together with the lack of phosphorescence at room temperature point to a very weak intersystem crossing. The photoreactivity of INP is centered on the propionic acid chain and gives rise to photoproducts similar to those obtained with other arylpropionic acids (ethyl, hydroxyethyl and acetyl derivatives). Thus, irradiation of INP in aqueous buffer results in photodecarboxylation and leads mainly to oxidative compounds whose proportions increase with increasing oxygen concentration. These data suggest a photoreactivity occurring from the excited singlet state.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lhiaubet-Vallet
- Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique, UMR 5623 au CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Amat AM, Arques A, Bossmann SH, Braun AM, Göb S, Miranda MA. A "camel through the eye of a needle": direct introduction of the TPP+ ion inside Y-zeolites by formal ion exchange in aqueous medium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2003; 42:1653-5. [PMID: 12698468 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200219624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A M Amat
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Paseo Viaducto 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain.
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Miranda MA, Borràs D, Rincón C, Alemany A. Presence in the Balearic Islands (Spain) of the midges Culicoides imicola and Culicoides obsoletus group. Med Vet Entomol 2003; 17:52-54. [PMID: 12680925 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2003.00405.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak of the livestock viral disease bluetongue (BT) was detected during September and October 2000 in the Balearic Islands, Spain. Due to the lack of information about the species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) reported in the affected area, six farms in Majorca, four in Minorca and one in Ibiza were selected to carry out surveillance of Culicoides adults using light traps. Here, for the first time, we report the presence in the Balearic Islands of Culicoides imicola Keiffer, the main vector of BT, and the Culicoides obsoletus Meigen group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Miranda
- Laboratory of Zoology, University of the Balearic Islands, Spain.
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Lewis FD, Zuo X, Kalgutkar RS, Wagner-Brennan JM, Miranda MA, Font-Sanchis E, Perez-Prieto J. Temperature-dependent photochemistry of 1,3-diphenylpropenes. The di-pi-methane reaction revisited. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:11883-9. [PMID: 11724594 DOI: 10.1021/ja0113652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The temperature-dependent photochemical behavior of 1,3-diphenylpropene and several of its 3-substituted derivatives has been investigated over a wide temperature range. The singlet state is found to decay via two unactivated processes, fluorescence and intersystem crossing, and two activated processes, trans,cis isomerization and phenyl-vinyl bridging. The latter activated process yields a diradical intermediate which partitions between ground-state reactant and formation of the di-pi-methane rearrangement product. Kinetic modeling of temperature-dependent singlet decay times and quantum yields of fluorescence, isomerization, di-pi-methane rearrangement, and nonradiative decay provides rate constants and activation parameters for each of the primary and secondary processes. Substituents at the 3-position are found to have little effect on the electronic spectra or unactivated fluorescence and intersystem crossing pathways. However, they do effect the activated primary and secondary processes. Thus, the product ratios are highly temperature dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- F D Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
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Benali O, Jiménez MC, Miranda MA, Tormos R. Novel photohydration of non-conjugated aryl/olefin bichromophores within cyclodextrin cavities. Chem Commun (Camb) 2001:2328-9. [PMID: 12240059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin media are used to achieve photochemical water addition to isolated, acyclic double bonds via intramolecular interaction with excited arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Benali
- Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apdo 22012, 46071 Valencia, Spain
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Lahoz A, Hernández D, Miranda MA, Pérez-Prieto J, Morera IM, Castell JV. Antibodies directed to drug epitopes to investigate the structure of drug-protein photoadducts. Recognition of a common photobound substructure in tiaprofenic acid/ketoprofen cross-photoreactivity. Chem Res Toxicol 2001; 14:1486-91. [PMID: 11712905 DOI: 10.1021/tx0002482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced photoallergy is an immune adverse reaction to the combined effect of drugs and light. From the mechanistic point of view, it first involves covalent binding of drug to protein resulting in the formation of a photoantigen. Hence, determination of the structures of drug-protein photoadducts is of great relevance to understand the molecular basis of photoallergy and cross-immunoreactivity among drugs. Looking for new strategies to investigate the covalent photobinding of drugs to proteins, we generated highly specific antibodies to drug chemical substructures. The availability of such antibodies has allowed us to discriminate between the different modes by which tiaprofenic acid (TPA), suprofen (SUP), and ketoprofen (KTP) photobind to proteins. The finding that the vast majority of the TPA photoadduct can be accounted for by means of antibody anti-benzoyl strongly supports the view that the drug binds preferentially via the thiophene ring, leaving the benzene ring more accessible. By contrast, selective recognition of SUP-protein photoadducts by antibody anti-thenoyl evidences a preferential coupling via the benzene ring leaving the thiophene moiety more distant from the protein matrix. In the case of KTP, photoadducts are exclusively recognized by antibody anti-benzoyl, indicating that the benzene ring is again more accessible. As a result of this research, we have been able to identify a common substructure that is present in TPA-albumin and KTP-albumin photoadducts. This is remarkable since, at a first sight, the greatest structural similarities can be found between TPA and SUP as they share the same benzoylthiophene chromophore. These findings can explain the previously reported observations of cross-reactivity to KTP (or TPA) in patients photosensitized to TPA (or KTP).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lahoz
- Research Center, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
The photoreactivity of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory 2-arylpropionic acids benoxaprofen, carprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, tiaprofenic acid, and suprofen is reviewed with special emphasis on fundamental photophysical and photochemical properties. The absorption and emission properties of the excited states of these drugs as well as their main photodegradation routes are summarized. The photochemical mechanisms are discussed on the basis of product studies and detection of short-lived intermediates by means of laser flash photolysis. After dealing with the unimolecular processes, attention is focused on the photosensitized reactions of key biomolecules, such as lipids, proteins or nucleic acids. Finally, a short section on the photobiological effects on simple biological models is also included. Although some earlier citations are included, the literature coverage is in general limited to the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Boscá
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022-Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
1,n-Dihaloalkanes can be photochemical precursors of n-haloalkyl and -allyl radicals and cations, which are generated via one-photon processes. Time-resolved techniques have provided considerable information on the structures and reactivity of these intermediates. Low-temperature matrix isolation, two-laser two-color, laser-drop, and laser-jet photolysis techniques are powerful tools to photolyze haloalkyl radicals and to generate carbenes or biradicals via two-photon processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Miranda
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC//Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46071 Valencia, Spain.
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Moser J, Hye A, Lovell WW, Earl LK, Castell JV, Miranda MA. Mechanisms of drug photobinding to proteins: photobinding of suprofen to human serum albumin. Toxicol In Vitro 2001; 15:333-7. [PMID: 11566558 DOI: 10.1016/s0887-2333(01)00033-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Photobinding of drugs to biomolecules constitutes an important early event in the onset of photoallergy. In the present work, UV irradiation of human serum albumin in the presence of either suprofen (SUP) or its major photoproduct, decarboxylated suprofen (DSUP), has been studied as a model system for drug-photosensitised protein binding. Both dark binding and binding in the presence of light were investigated since this will affect the mode, site and mechanism of drug interaction with the protein. In order to determine the binding features of SUP to albumin, competitive binding experiments were carried out using fluorescent probes specific for site I and II. Suprofen was found to selectively dark bind to site II on HSA. Photobinding of DSUP to HSA was more efficient than SUP. Parallel to this, the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of HSA decreased when the protein was previously irradiated in the presence of the photoactive compounds, again being DSUP more efficient compared with SUP. As fluorescence quenching involves electron transfer from the excited Trp to the ground state DSUP, it follows that the photoactive compound binding to HSA must be on (or in close proximity to) site I Trp(214) residue. It appears that photobinding of SUP is largely preceded by its photodecomposition to DSUP which, in turn, associates and photobinds to HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Moser
- SEAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, UK
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Miranda MA, Izquierdo MA, Galindo F. Steady-state and time-resolved studies on oxetane cycloreversion using (thia)pyrylium salts as electron-transfer photosensitizers. Org Lett 2001; 3:1965-7. [PMID: 11418025 DOI: 10.1021/ol0158516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Cycloreversion of oxetane 1 is achieved using (thia)pyrylium salts as photosensitizers. RadicaI cation intermediates involved in the electron-transfer process have been detected using laser flash photolysis. The experimental results are consistent with the reaction taking place from the triplet excited state of the sensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Miranda
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino Vera s/n, Apdo. 22012, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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