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Delfin-Riela T, Rossotti MA, Mattiuzzo G, Echaides C, González-Sapienza G. Nanobody-Based Blocking of Binding ELISA for the Detection of Anti-NS1 Zika-Virus-Specific Antibodies in Convalescent Patients. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8010055. [PMID: 36668962 PMCID: PMC9862682 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus has spread around the world with rapid pace in the last five years. Although symptoms are typically mild and unspecific, Zika's major impact occurs during pregnancy, generating a congenital syndrome. Serology plays a key role in its diagnosis. However, its use is limited due to the uncertainty caused by the cross-reaction of antibodies elicited in response to other flavivirus infections when tested in direct immunoassays. Using a panel of previously generated anti-Zika non-structural protein 1 (NS1) nanobodies, a set was selected that only recognizes epitopes present in Zika and is immunogenic to humans. A proper arrangement of these nanobodies was made and conditions were optimized in order to develop a novel serology assay. This new ELISA relies on the inhibition of the binding of a set of selected nanobodies to Zika-immobilized NS1 when previously incubated with Zika convalescent sera. Using the developed blocking of binding assay, it was possible to discriminate between Zika-specific and cross-reactive antibodies in serum samples from infections with Zika and other flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triana Delfin-Riela
- Cátedra de Inmunología, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Martín A. Rossotti
- Cátedra de Inmunología, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Giada Mattiuzzo
- Division of Virology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC)-MHRA, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, UK
| | | | - Gualberto González-Sapienza
- Cátedra de Inmunología, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +598-24874334
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Gonzalez-Sapienza G, Rossotti MA, Tabares-da Rosa S. Single-Domain Antibodies As Versatile Affinity Reagents for Analytical and Diagnostic Applications. Front Immunol 2017; 8:977. [PMID: 28871254 PMCID: PMC5566570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With just three CDRs in their variable domains, the antigen-binding site of camelid heavy-chain-only antibodies (HcAbs) has a more limited structural diversity than that of conventional antibodies. Even so, this does not seem to limit their specificity and high affinity as HcAbs against a broad range of structurally diverse antigens have been reported. The recombinant form of their variable domain [nanobody (Nb)] has outstanding properties that make Nbs, not just an alternative option to conventional antibodies, but in many cases, these properties allow them to reach analytical or diagnostic performances that cannot be accomplished with conventional antibodies. These attributes include comprehensive representation of the immune specificity in display libraries, easy adaptation to high-throughput screening, exceptional stability, minimal size, and versatility as affinity building block. Here, we critically reviewed each of these properties and highlight their relevance with regard to recent developments in different fields of immunosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martín A Rossotti
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sofía Tabares-da Rosa
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Rossotti MA, Pirez M, Gonzalez-Techera A, Cui Y, Bever CS, Lee KSS, Morisseau C, Leizagoyen C, Gee S, Hammock BD, González-Sapienza G. Method for Sorting and Pairwise Selection of Nanobodies for the Development of Highly Sensitive Sandwich Immunoassays. Anal Chem 2015; 87:11907-14. [PMID: 26544909 PMCID: PMC4666776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Single domain heavychain binders (nanobodies) obtained from camelid antibody libraries hold a great promise for immunoassay development. However, there is no simple method to select the most valuable nanobodies from the crowd of positive clones obtained after the initial screening. In this paper, we describe a novel nanobody-based platform that allows comparison of the reactivity of hundreds of clones with the labeled antigen, and identifies the best nanobody pairs for two-site immunoassay development. The output clones are biotinylated in vivo in 96-well culture blocks and then used to saturate the biotin binding capacity of avidin coated wells. This standardizes the amount of captured antibody allowing their sorting by ranking their reactivity with the labeled antigen. Using human soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) as a model antigen, we were able to classify 96 clones in four families and confirm this classification by sequencing. This provided a criterion to select a restricted panel of five capturing antibodies and to test each of them against the rest of the 96 clones. The method constitutes a powerful tool for epitope binning, and in our case allowed development of a sandwich ELISA for sEH with a detection limit of 63 pg/mL and four log dynamic range, which performed with excellent recovery in different tissue extracts. This strategy provides a systematic way to test nanobody pairwise combinations and would have a broad utility for the development of highly sensitive sandwich immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín A. Rossotti
- Cátedra de Inmunología, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Macarena Pirez
- Cátedra de Inmunología, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andres Gonzalez-Techera
- Cátedra de Inmunología, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Yongliang Cui
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Candace S. Bever
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kin S. S. Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | | | - Shirley Gee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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Cui Y, Li D, Morisseau C, Dong JX, Yang J, Wan D, Rossotti MA, Gee SJ, González-Sapienza GG, Hammock BD. Heavy chain single-domain antibodies to detect native human soluble epoxide hydrolase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:7275-83. [PMID: 26229025 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8889-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a potential pharmacological target for treating hypertension, vascular inflammation, pain, cancer, and other diseases. However, there is not a simple, inexpensive, and reliable method to estimate levels of active sEH in tissues. Toward developing such an assay, a polyclonal variable domain of heavy chain antibody (VHH) sandwich immunoassay was developed. Ten VHHs, which are highly selective for native human sEH, were isolated from a phage-displayed library. The ten VHHs have no significant cross-reactivity with human microsomal epoxide hydrolase, rat and mouse sEH, and denatured human sEH. There is a high correlation between protein levels of the sEH determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the catalytic activity of the enzyme in S9 fractions of human tissues (liver, kidney, and lung). The VHH-based ELISA appears to be a new reliable method for monitoring the sEH and may be useful as a diagnostic tool for diseases influenced by sEH. This study also demonstrates the broad utility of VHH in biochemical and pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Cui
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Dongyang Li
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jie-Xian Dong
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Martín A Rossotti
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR Av. A. Navarro 3051, Piso 2, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Shirley J Gee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gualberto G González-Sapienza
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR Av. A. Navarro 3051, Piso 2, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Rossotti MA, Carlomagno M, González-Techera A, Hammock BD, Last J, González-Sapienza G. Phage anti-immunocomplex assay for clomazone: two-site recognition increasing assay specificity and facilitating adaptation into an on-site format. Anal Chem 2010; 82:8838-43. [PMID: 20886819 DOI: 10.1021/ac101476f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the use of herbicides in agriculture can be minimized by compliance with good management practices that reduce the amount used and their release into the environment. Simple tests that provide real time on-site information about these chemicals are a major aid for these programs. In this work, we show that phage anti-immunocomplex assay (PHAIA), a method that uses phage-borne peptides to detect the formation of antibody-analyte immunocomplexes, is an advantageous technology to produce such field tests. A monoclonal antibody to the herbicide clomazone was raised and used in the development of conventional competitive and noncompetitive PHAIA immunoassays. The sensitivity attained with the PHAIA format was over 10 times higher than that of the competitive format. The cross-reactivity of the two methods was also compared using structurally related compounds, and we observed that the two-site binding of PHAIA "double-checks" the recognition of the analyte, thereby increasing the assay specificity. The positive readout of the noncompetitive PHAIA method allowed adaptation of the assay into a rapid and simple format where as little as 0.4 ng/mL clomazone (more than 10-fold lower than the proposed standard) in water samples from a rice field could be easily detected by simple visual inspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rossotti
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay, and Department of Entomology and Cancer Center and Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, United States
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