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Oswald TK, Nguyen MT, Mirza L, Lund C, Jones HG, Crowley G, Aslanyan D, Dean K, Schofield P, Hotopf M, Das-Munshi J. Interventions targeting social determinants of mental disorders and the Sustainable Development Goals: a systematic review of reviews. Psychol Med 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38523245 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Globally, mental disorders account for almost 20% of disease burden and there is growing evidence that mental disorders are socially determined. Tackling the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), which address social determinants of mental disorders, may be an effective way to reduce the global burden of mental disorders. We conducted a systematic review of reviews to examine the evidence base for interventions that map onto the UN SDGs and seek to improve mental health through targeting known social determinants of mental disorders. We included 101 reviews in the final review, covering demographic, economic, environmental events, neighborhood, and sociocultural domains. This review presents interventions with the strongest evidence base for the prevention of mental disorders and highlights synergies where addressing the UN SDGs can be beneficial for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassia Kate Oswald
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luwaiza Mirza
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- University Hospitals Sussex, UK
| | - Crick Lund
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hannah Grace Jones
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Grace Crowley
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Daron Aslanyan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Kimberlie Dean
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Schofield
- School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jayati Das-Munshi
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, UK
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Nguyen AT, Nguyen TN, Mittova VO, Thieu QQV, Mittova IY, Tran VM, Nguyen MT, Nguyen DQ, Kim IT, Nguyen TL. Tailored synthesis of NdMn xFe 1-xO 3 perovskite nanoparticles with oxygen-vacancy defects for lithium-ion battery anodes. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21782. [PMID: 38034705 PMCID: PMC10682627 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesize nanostructured NdMnxFe1-xO3 perovskites using a facile method to produce materials for the high-working-efficiency anodes of Li-ion batteries. A series of characterization assessments (e.g., X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron microscopy) were conducted, and the results confirmed the efficacious partial replacement of Fe ions with Mn ions in the NdFeO3 perovskite structure, occurrence of both amorphous and crystalline structures, presence of oxygen vacancies (VO), and interconnection between nanoparticles. The possibility of Mn ion replacement significantly affects the size, amount of VO, and ratio of amorphous phase in NdMnxFe1-xO3 perovskites. The NdMnxFe1-xO3 perovskite with x = 0.3 presents a notable electrochemical performance, including low charge transfer resistance, durable Coulombic efficiency, first-rate capacity reservation, high pseudo-behavior, and elongated 150-cycle service life, whereas no discernible capacity deterioration is observed. The reversible capacity of the anode after the 150th-cylcle was 713 mAh g-1, which represents a high-capacity value. The outstanding electrochemical efficiency resulted from the optimum presence of VO, interconnection between the nanoparticles, and distinctive properties of the NdFeO3 perovskite. The interconnection between nanoparticles was advantageous for forming a large electrolyte-electrode contact area, improving Li-ion diffusion rates, and enhancing pseudocapacitive effect. The attributes of perovskite crystals, coexistence of Mn and Fe throughout the charge/discharge process, and optimum VO precluded the electrode devastation that caused the Li2O-phase decomposition catalysis, enabling favorable reversible Li storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tien Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh Ngoc Nguyen
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Valentina Olegovna Mittova
- Scientific-Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Teaching University Geomedi LLC, Tbilisi, 0114, Georgia
| | - Quang Quoc Viet Thieu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Viet Nam
| | - Irina Yakovlevna Mittova
- Department of Materials Science and Industry of Nanosystems, Faculty of Chemistry, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394018, Russian Federation
| | - Van Man Tran
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Viet Nam
- Applied Physical Chemistry Laboratory (APCLAB), VNUHCM-University of Science, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Applied Physical Chemistry Laboratory (APCLAB), VNUHCM-University of Science, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Dinh Quan Nguyen
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Laboratory of Biofuel and Biomass Research, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Il Tae Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Tuan Loi Nguyen
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
- Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang City, 550000, Viet Nam
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Tran Huu H, Nguyen NP, Ngo VH, Luc HH, Le MK, Nguyen MT, Le MLP, Kim HR, Kim IY, Kim SJ, Tran VM, Vo V. In situ magnesiothermic reduction synthesis of a Ge@C composite for high-performance lithium-ion batterie anodes. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2023; 14:751-761. [PMID: 37405152 PMCID: PMC10315890 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Metallothermic, especially magnesiothermic, solid-state reactions have been widely applied to synthesize various materials. However, further investigations regarding the use of this method for composite syntheses are needed because of the high reactivity of magnesium. Herein, we report an in situ magnesiothermic reduction to synthesize a composite of Ge@C as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The obtained electrode delivered a specific capacity of 454.2 mAh·g-1 after 200 cycles at a specific current of 1000 mA·g-1. The stable electrochemical performance and good rate performance of the electrode (432.3 mAh·g-1 at a specific current of 5000 mA·g-1) are attributed to the enhancement in distribution and chemical contact between Ge nanoparticles and the biomass-based carbon matrix. A comparison with other synthesis routes has been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of contact formation during in situ synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Tran Huu
- Faculty of Natural Science, Quy Nhon University, 170 An Duong Vuong, Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh, 55000, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Phi Nguyen
- Faculty of Natural Science, Quy Nhon University, 170 An Duong Vuong, Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh, 55000, Vietnam
| | - Vuong Hoang Ngo
- Faculty of Natural Science, Quy Nhon University, 170 An Duong Vuong, Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh, 55000, Vietnam
| | - Huy Hoang Luc
- Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, 11300, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Kha Le
- Applied Physical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Science, Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Applied Physical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Science, Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - My Loan Phung Le
- Applied Physical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Science, Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Hye Rim Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - In Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Sung Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Van Man Tran
- Applied Physical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Science, Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Vien Vo
- Faculty of Natural Science, Quy Nhon University, 170 An Duong Vuong, Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh, 55000, Vietnam
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Ward BJ, Nguyen MT, Sam SB, Korir N, Niwagaba CB, Morgenroth E, Strande L. Particle size as a driver of dewatering performance and its relationship to stabilization in fecal sludge. J Environ Manage 2023; 326:116801. [PMID: 36435127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Poor and unpredictable dewatering performance of fecal sludge is a major barrier to sanitation provision in urban areas not served by sewers. Fecal sludge comprises everything that accumulates in onsite containments, and its characteristics are distinct from wastewater sludges and from feces. There is little fundamental understanding of what causes poor dewatering in fecal sludge. For the first time, we demonstrate that particle size distribution is a driver of dewatering performance in fecal sludge, and is associated with level of stabilization. Higher concentrations of small particles (<10 μm) and smaller median aggregate size (D50) corresponded to poor dewatering performance (measured by capillary suction time (CST) and supernatant turbidity) in field samples from Kenya and Uganda and in controlled laboratory anaerobic storage experiments. More stabilized fecal sludge (higher C/N, lower VSS/TSS) had better dewatering performance, corresponding to lower concentrations of small particles. Samples with the largest aggregates (D50 > 90 μm) had higher abundance of Gammaproteobacteria Pseudomonas, and samples with the smallest aggregates (D50 ≤ 50 μm) were characterized by higher abundance of Bacteroidetes Vadin HA17 and Rikenellaceae. Contrary to common perceptions, stabilization, particle size distribution, and dewatering performance were not dependent on time intervals between emptying of onsite containments or on time in controlled anaerobic storage experiments. Our results suggest that the stabilization process in onsite containments, and hence the dewaterability of sludge arriving at treatment facilities, is not dependent on time in containment but is more likely associated with specific microbial populations and the in-situ environmental conditions which promote or discourage their growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Ward
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - M T Nguyen
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S B Sam
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - C B Niwagaba
- Makerere University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kampala, Uganda
| | - E Morgenroth
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L Strande
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Knoppers T, Cosquer M, Hagan J, Nguyen MT, Knoppers BM. “The Stakes Are Higher”- Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on Cystic Fibrosis Research and Personalized Medicine. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:841887. [PMID: 35402437 PMCID: PMC8984098 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.841887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Making bench to bedside advances in cystic fibrosis (CF) care requires the sustained engagement and trust of people living with CF. However, there is a scarcity of studies exploring their concerns and priorities regarding research and its end products. The aim of this qualitative study was to generate empirical evidence regarding patient and caregiver perspectives on cystic fibrosis research and personalized medicine to foster developments in translational research in Canada. Methods A total of 15 focus groups were conducted, engaging 22 adults with CF and 18 caregivers (e.g., parents, siblings and partners) living in Canada. Inductive thematic analysis relied on an iterative process involving themes derived from both participant meaning-making and existing scientific literature. Participant perspectives were considered along intrapersonal, intracommunity, interpersonal, and structural lines. Results Overall, participants described a relationship to CF research inextricable from the lived experience of CF as a lifelong progressive and terminal disease and from the goal of advancing medical science. They were enthusiastic and excited about the emergence of CFTR modulators, although they had some knowledge gaps regarding the associated research. They largely spoke to positive experiences with researcher communication but had feedback regarding informed consent processes and the return of study results. Participants also voiced concerns about structural access barriers to research and to its end products. Extensive histories of research participation, a relatively small and intercommunicative CF community, and structural overlap between research and care settings contributed to their perspectives and priorities. Conclusion Study findings are valuable for researchers and policy-makers in CF and rare or progressive diseases more broadly. Continuing to solicit and listen to the voices of patients and caregivers is crucial for research ethics and the translation of new therapies in the area of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terese Knoppers
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Terese Knoppers,
| | - Marie Cosquer
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Hagan
- Department of Sociology, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Tripathi K, Godoy Brewer G, Thu Nguyen M, Singh Y, Saleh Ismail M, Sauk JS, Parian AM, Limketkai BN. COVID-19 and Outcomes in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 28:1265-1279. [PMID: 34718595 PMCID: PMC8574492 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our understanding of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its implications for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is rapidly evolving. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes in IBD patients with COVID-19. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, Clinicaltrials.gov, Web of Science, MedRxiv, and Google Scholar from inception through October 2020. We included studies with IBD patients and confirmed COVID-19. Data were collected on the prevalence, patient characteristics, pre-infection treatments for IBD, comorbidities, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU), admission, and death. RESULTS Twenty-three studies with 51,643 IBD patients and 1449 with COVID-19 met our inclusion criteria. In 14 studies (n = 50,706) that included IBD patients with and without COVID-19, the prevalence of infection was 1.01% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92-1.10). Of IBD patients with COVID-19, 52.7% had Crohn's disease, 42.2% had ulcerative colitis, and 5.1% had indeterminate colitis. Nine studies (n = 687) reported outcomes according to IBD therapy received. Compared with patients on corticosteroids, those on antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy had a lower risk of hospitalization (risk ratio [RR], 0.24; 95% CI, 0.16-0.35; P < .01; I2 = 0%) and ICU admission (RR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.37; P < .01) but not death (RR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.02-1.71; P = .13; I2 = 39%). Compared with patients on mesalamine, those on antitumor necrosis factor therapy had a lower risk of hospitalizations (RR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.25-0.54), ICU admissions (RR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.07-0.58), and death (0.21; 95% CI, 0.04-1.00). Comparing patients on immunomodulators vs mesalamine or anti-TNF therapy, there was no difference in these outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of COVID-19 in IBD patients was low. Use of corticosteroids or mesalamine was significantly associated with worse outcomes, whereas use of anti-TNFs was associated with more favorable outcomes. Further investigation clarifying the mechanisms of these disparate observations could help identify risk and adverse outcome-mitigating strategies for patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikeya Tripathi
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Baystate Campus, Springfield, MA, USA,Address correspondence to: Kartikeya Tripathi, MD, 759 Chestnut St., Springfield, MA, 01199, USA ()
| | - Gala Godoy Brewer
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Vatche & Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Mohamed Saleh Ismail
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jenny S Sauk
- Vatche & Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa M Parian
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Berkeley N Limketkai
- Vatche & Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Kleiderman E, Nguyen MT, Knoppers BM. Of the Rights and Best Interests of Future Generations. Am J Bioeth 2020; 20:38-40. [PMID: 32804063 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2020.1782523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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Leite EL, Gautron A, Deplanche M, Nicolas A, Ossemond J, Nguyen MT, do Carmo FLR, Gilot D, Azevedo V, Goetz F, Le Loir Y, Otto M, Berkova N. Involvement of caspase-1 in inflammasomes activation and bacterial clearance in S. aureus-infected osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. Cell Microbiol 2020; 22:e13204. [PMID: 32176433 PMCID: PMC10988652 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, a versatile Gram-positive bacterium, is the main cause of bone and joint infections (BJI), which are prone to recurrence. The inflammasome is an immune signaling platform that assembles after pathogen recognition. It activates proteases, most notably caspase-1 that proteolytically matures and promotes the secretion of mature IL-1β and IL-18. The role of inflammasomes and caspase-1 in the secretion of mature IL-1β and in the defence of S. aureus-infected osteoblasts has not yet been fully investigated. We show here that S. aureus-infected osteoblast-like MG-63 but not caspase-1 knock-out CASP1 -/- MG-63 cells, which were generated using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, activate the inflammasome as monitored by the release of mature IL-1β. The effect was strain-dependent. The use of S. aureus deletion and complemented phenole soluble modulins (PSMs) mutants demonstrated a key role of PSMs in inflammasomes-related IL-1β production. Furthermore, we found that the lack of caspase-1 in CASP1 -/- MG-63 cells impairs their defense functions, as bacterial clearance was drastically decreased in CASP1 -/- MG-63 compared to wild-type cells. Our results demonstrate that osteoblast-like MG-63 cells play an important role in the immune response against S. aureus infection through inflammasomes activation and establish a crucial role of caspase-1 in bacterial clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma Lima Leite
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Unité Mixtes de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte- Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Arthur Gautron
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR [(Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)]-UMR 6290, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Martine Deplanche
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Unité Mixtes de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France
| | - Aurelie Nicolas
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Unité Mixtes de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France
| | - Jordane Ossemond
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Unité Mixtes de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Federal Regulatory Agency for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen 63225, Germany
| | - Fillipe L. R. do Carmo
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Unité Mixtes de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte- Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - David Gilot
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR [(Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes)]-UMR 6290, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte- Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Friedrich Goetz
- Mikrobielle Genetik, Universität Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yves Le Loir
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Unité Mixtes de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France
| | - Michael Otto
- Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Nadia Berkova
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France; Agrocampus Ouest, Unité Mixtes de Recherche 1253 STLO, Rennes, France
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Nguyen MT, Goldblatt J, Isasi R, Jagut M, Jonker AH, Kaufmann P, Ouillade L, Molnar-Gabor F, Shabani M, Sid E, Tassé AM, Wong-Rieger D, Knoppers BM. Model consent clauses for rare disease research. BMC Med Ethics 2019; 20:55. [PMID: 31370847 PMCID: PMC6676617 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-019-0390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rare Disease research has seen tremendous advancements over the last decades, with the development of new technologies, various global collaborative efforts and improved data sharing. To maximize the impact of and to further build on these developments, there is a need for model consent clauses for rare diseases research, in order to improve data interoperability, to meet the informational needs of participants, and to ensure proper ethical and legal use of data sources and participants’ overall protection. Methods A global Task Force was set up to develop model consent clauses specific to rare diseases research, that are comprehensive, harmonized, readily accessible, and internationally applicable, facilitating the recruitment and consent of rare disease research participants around the world. Existing consent forms and notices of consent were analyzed and classified under different consent themes, which were used as background to develop the model consent clauses. Results The IRDiRC-GA4GH MCC Task Force met in September 2018, to discuss and design model consent clauses. Based on analyzed consent forms, they listed generic core elements and designed the following rare disease research specific core elements; Rare Disease Research Introductory Clause, Familial Participation, Audio/Visual Imaging, Collecting, storing, sharing of rare disease data, Recontact for matching, Data Linkage, Return of Results to Family Members, Incapacity/Death, and Benefits. Conclusion The model consent clauses presented in this article have been drafted to highlight consent elements that bear in mind the trends in rare disease research, while providing a tool to help foster harmonization and collaborative efforts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12910-019-0390-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Thu Nguyen
- Center of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada.
| | | | - Rosario Isasi
- Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, University of Miami, Miami, USA
| | - Marlene Jagut
- IRDiRC Scientific Secretariat, Inserm US-14, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Mahsa Shabani
- Centre for Biomedical Ethics and Law, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Sid
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Anne Marie Tassé
- Center of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
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Kennedy GM, Min MY, Fitzgerald JF, Nguyen MT, Schultz SL, Crum MT, Starke JA, Butkus MA, Bowman DD, Labare MP. Inactivation of the bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Acinetobacter baumannii by butanoic acid. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:752-763. [PMID: 30578718 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of butanoic acid against bacterial pathogens including Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. METHODS AND RESULTS Vegetative bacteria were exposed to butanoic acid in vitro and log reduction was quantified using viable count assays. The maximum (8 and 9) log inactivation was determined by qualitatively assaying for growth/no-growth after a 48-h incubation (37°C). Membrane integrity after exposure to butanoic acid was determined by propidium iodide staining, scanning electron microscopy, membrane depolarization and inductively coupled plasma analysis. Cytosolic pH was measured by 5-(6-)carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester. CONCLUSIONS Inhibitory concentrations of butanoic acid ranged between 11 and 21 mmol l-1 for Gram-positive and Gram-negative species tested. The maximum log reduction of A. baumannii was achieved with a 10-s exposure of 0·50 mol l-1 of butanoic acid. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius required 0·40 mol l-1 of butanoic acid to achieve the same level of reduction in the same time period. Inactivation was associated with membrane permeability and acidification of the cytosol. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens necessitates the utilization of novel therapeutics for disinfection and biological control. These results may facilitate the development of butanoic acid as an effective agent against a broad-spectrum of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - M Y Min
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - J F Fitzgerald
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - M T Nguyen
- Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - S L Schultz
- Department of Biology, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, USA
| | - M T Crum
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - J A Starke
- Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - M A Butkus
- Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - D D Bowman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - M P Labare
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
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11
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Ogbogu U, Zarzeczny A, Baltz J, Bedford P, Du J, Hyun I, Jaafar Y, Jurisicova A, Kleiderman E, Koukio Y, Knoppers BM, Leader A, Master Z, Nguyen MT, Noohi F, Ravitsky V, Toews M. Research on Human Embryos and Reproductive Materials: Revisiting Canadian Law and Policy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 13:10-19. [PMID: 29595433 PMCID: PMC5863866 DOI: 10.12927/hcpol.2018.25401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Research involving human embryos and reproductive materials, including certain forms of stem cell and genetic research, is a fast-moving area of science with demonstrated clinical relevance. Canada's current governance framework for this field of research urgently requires review and reconsideration in view of emerging applications. Based on a workshop involving ethics, legal, policy, scientific and clinical experts, we present a series of recommendations with the goal of informing and supporting health policy and decision-making regarding the governance of the field. With a pragmatic and principled governance approach, Canada can continue its global leadership in this field, as well as advance the long-term health and well-being of Canadians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaka Ogbogu
- Assistant Professor, Faculties of Law and Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Amy Zarzeczny
- Associate Professor, Johnson-Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy, University of Regina, Regina, SK
| | - Jay Baltz
- Senior Scientist and Professor, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Patrick Bedford
- Manager of Clinical Translation and Regulatory Affairs, Centre for Commercialization of Regenerative Medicine (CCRM), Toronto, ON
| | - Jenny Du
- Research Trainee, Faculty of Law, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Insoo Hyun
- Associate Professor, Department of Bioethics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Yasmeen Jaafar
- Research Trainee, Faculty of Law, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Andrea Jurisicova
- Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Investigator, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON
| | - Erika Kleiderman
- Academic Associate, Centre of Genomics and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | | | - Bartha Maria Knoppers
- Professor and Director, Centre of Genomics and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - Arthur Leader
- Professor of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Zubin Master
- Associate Consultant II, Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Academic Associate, Centre of Genomics and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - Forough Noohi
- PhD Candidate, Centre of Genomics and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - Vardit Ravitsky
- Associate Professor, Bioethics Programs, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC
| | - Maeghan Toews
- Lecturer, Faculty of Law, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, AU
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12
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Ravitsky V, Nguyen MT, Birko S, Kleiderman E, Laberge AM, Knoppers BM. Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis: The Road Forward in Canada. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2018; 41:68-71. [PMID: 30361155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is increasing as the list of indications it can test for constantly expands. This raises new challenges for clinicians and prospective parents regarding possible uses and calls for guidance. Policy approaches towards PGD vary greatly worldwide. The 2004 Canadian Assisted Human Reproduction Act does not provide guidance, except for prohibiting non-medical sex selection. Criminal legislation is an unsuitable policy instrument to regulate human genetics and reproductive medicine. We call for professional societies to issue guidelines regarding the uses of PGD that would establish the standard of care and legal norms. Such guidelines should be based on a patient-centered approach and respect individual autonomy in reproductive decision-making. Canadian approaches to PGD should also consider issues related to equity of access. Moreover, since PGD often raises concerns about eugenic uses, guidelines should also consider its societal impact and its implementation should be accompanied by policies that maintain or increase social support for people with disabilities. Finally, public engagement could provide an evidence-base regarding Canadian societal values and concerns that should guide regulatory reform, for example, the regulation of non-medical sex selection through PGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardit Ravitsky
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC.
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC
| | - Stanislav Birko
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC
| | - Erika Kleiderman
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC
| | - Anne Marie Laberge
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC
| | - Bartha Maria Knoppers
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC
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13
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Germain L, Larouche D, Nedelec B, Perreault I, Duranceau L, Bortoluzzi P, Beaudoin Cloutier C, Genest H, Caouette-Laberge L, Dumas A, Bussière A, Boghossian E, Kanevsky J, Leclerc Y, Lee J, Nguyen MT, Bernier V, Knoppers BM, Moulin VJ, Auger FA, Auger FA. Autologous bilayered self-assembled skin substitutes (SASSs) as permanent grafts: a case series of 14 severely burned patients indicating clinical effectiveness. Eur Cell Mater 2018; 36:128-141. [PMID: 30209799 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v036a10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Split-thickness skin autografts (AGs) are the standard surgical treatment for severe burn injuries. However, the treatment of patients with substantial skin loss is limited by the availability of donor sites for skin harvesting. As an alternative to skin autografts, our research group developed autologous self-assembled skin substitutes (SASSs), allowing the replacement of both dermis and epidermis in a single surgical procedure. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical outcome of the SASSs as a permanent coverage for full-thickness burn wounds. Patients were recruited through the Health Canada's Special Access Program. SASSs were grafted on debrided full-thickness wounds according to similar protocols used for AGs. The graft-take and the persistence of the SASS epithelium over time were evaluated. 14 patients received surgical care with SASSs. The mean percentage of the SASS graft-take was 98 % (standard deviation = 5) at 5 to 7 d after surgery. SASS integrity persisted over time (average follow-up time: 3.2 years), without noticeable deficiency in epidermal regeneration. Assessment of scar quality (skin elasticity, erythema, thickness) was performed on a subset of patients. Non-homogeneous pigmentation was noticed in several patients. These results indicated that the SASS allowed the successful coverage of full-thickness burns given its high graft-take, aesthetic outcome equivalent to autografting and the promotion of long-term tissue regeneration. When skin donor sites are in short supply, SASSs could be a valuable alternative to treat patients with full-thickness burns covering more than 50 % of their total body surface area.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Germain
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, LOEX, Aile-R, 1401 18ième Rue, Quebec, Quebec, G1J 1Z4,
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14
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Cosson E, Gary F, Nguyen MT, Bianchi L, Sandre-Banon D, Biri L, Jaber Y, Cussac-Pillegand C, Banu I, Chiheb S, Carbillon L, Valensi P. Gradual increase in advanced glycation end-products from no diabetes to early and regular gestational diabetes: A case-control study. Diabetes Metab 2018; 45:586-589. [PMID: 29402596 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Cosson
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France; Unité de recherche épidémiologique nutritionnelle, UMR U1153 Inserm, U11125 Inra, CNAM, université Paris13, 93000 Bobigny, France.
| | - F Gary
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - M T Nguyen
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - L Bianchi
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - D Sandre-Banon
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - L Biri
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - Y Jaber
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - C Cussac-Pillegand
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - I Banu
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - S Chiheb
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - L Carbillon
- Department of gynecology-obstetrics, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
| | - P Valensi
- Department of endocrinology-diabetology-nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Jean-Verdier hospital, Paris 13 university, AP-HP, 93143 Bondy cedex, France
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15
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Wong RJ, Nguyen MT, Trinh HN, Chan C, Huynh A, Ly MT, Nguyen HA, Nguyen KK, Torres S, Yang J, Liu B, Garcia RT, Bhuket T, Baden R, Levitt B, da Silveira E, Gish RG. Hepatitis B surface antigen loss and sustained viral suppression in Asian chronic hepatitis B patients: A community-based real-world study. J Viral Hepat 2017; 24:1089-1097. [PMID: 28581644 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Community-based real-world outcomes on effectiveness of antiviral therapies for chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) in Asians are limited. Whether hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss correlates with undetectable virus and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization on treatment or what predicts risk of seroreversion or detectable virus after stopping therapy is unclear. We aim to evaluate rates and predictors of HBsAg loss, seroconversion, ALT normalization and undetectable HBV DNA, including HBsAg seroreversion or re-emergence of HBV DNA among Asian CHB patients. We retrospectively evaluated 1072 CHB adults on antiviral therapy at two community gastroenterology clinics from 1997 to 2015. Rates of HBsAg loss, ALT normalization, achieving undetectable HBV DNA and developing surface antibody (anti-HBs) were stratified by HBeAg status. Following HBsAg loss, HBsAg seroreversion or re-emergence of detectable HBV DNA was analysed. With median treatment of 76.7 months, the overall rate of HBsAg loss was 4.58%, with similar HBsAg loss rates between HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients (4.44% vs 4.71%, P=.85) in a predominantly Asian population (98.1%). Among HBsAg loss patients, 33.3% developed anti-HBs, 95.8% achieved undetectable virus and 66.0% normalized ALT. No significant baseline or on-treatment predictors of HBsAg loss were observed. While six patients who achieved HBsAg loss had seroreversion with re-emergence of HBsAg positivity, viral load remained undetectable, demonstrating the sustainability of viral suppression. Among a large community-based real-world cohort of Asian CHB patients treated with antiviral therapy, rate of HBsAg loss was 4.58%. Despite only 33.3% of HBsAg loss patients achieving anti-HBs, nearly all patients achieved sustained undetectable virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - M T Nguyen
- Silicon Valley Research Institute, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - H N Trinh
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - C Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - A Huynh
- Silicon Valley Research Institute, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - M T Ly
- Silicon Valley Research Institute, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - H A Nguyen
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - K K Nguyen
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - S Torres
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - J Yang
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - B Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - R T Garcia
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - T Bhuket
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - R Baden
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - B Levitt
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | | | - R G Gish
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.,Hepatitis B Foundation, Doylestown, PA, USA
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16
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Abstract
This paper presents an in-depth qualitative analysis of the impact of diagnosis on the lives of rare disease (RD) patients. While diagnosis may be described as a watershed step for RD patients, no extensive account of non-medical outcomes following a RD diagnosis exists within the literature. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap through an analysis of the impact of diagnosis on the lives of RD patients according to their personal experiences. Qualitative research was conducted in three provinces across Canada, with a total of 23 participants, both adult and parents of children with RD, diagnosed and not yet diagnosed. A thematic approach guided the analysis of the transcripts. The results reveal that the impacts of a RD diagnosis for both adults and paediatric patients are multifold, ranging from social to personal and medical impacts (including cases where etiological treatments for the diseases are non-existent). Furthermore, the results shed light on distinct factors that affect the scope of impacts of a diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Esquivel-Sada
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield Ave., Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada.
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield Ave., Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
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17
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Wong RJ, Nguyen MT, Trinh HN, Huynh A, Ly MT, Nguyen HA, Nguyen KK, Yang J, Garcia RT, Levitt B, da Silveira E, Gish RG. Community-based real-world treatment outcomes of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir in Asians with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 6 in the United States. J Viral Hepat 2017; 24:17-21. [PMID: 27677786 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (SOF/LDV) is the first all-oral ribavirin-free treatment approved for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 6, offering a safe and highly efficacious treatment option. Large studies evaluating real-world outcomes of this regimen are lacking. We aim to evaluate real-world treatment outcomes for HCV genotype 6. A retrospective cohort study evaluated 65 adults (age ≥18) with chronic HCV genotype 6 treated with SOF/LDV without ribavirin at a community gastroenterology clinic in the United States from November 2014 to May 2016. Rates of undetectable virus at week 4 on treatment, at end of treatment (EOT) and SVR12 were stratified by the presence of cirrhosis and prior treatment (treatment naïve vs treatment experienced). Among 65 patients with chronic HCV genotype 6 treated with SOF/LDV (52.3% male, mean age 66.3 years [SD 9.7], 41.5% cirrhosis and 15.4% treatment experienced), 97.3% had undetectable virus at week 4 on treatment, 96.9% had undetectable virus at EOT and 95.3% achieved SVR12. SVR12 was 100% in females vs 91.2% in males, P=.096, and 92.3% in patients with cirrhosis vs 97.4% in those without cirrhosis, P=.347. Resistance testing of treatment failures was attempted but unsuccessful due to lack of conforming primers to define the possible resistance mutations. Among the largest U.S. community-based real-world cohort of Asian chronic HCV genotype 6 patients treated with all-oral SOF/LDV without ribavirin, SVR12 was similar to SVR12 reported in clinical trials, confirming the safety and effectiveness of this regimen and validating current HCV genotype 6 treatment guideline recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - M T Nguyen
- Silicon Valley Research Institute, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - H N Trinh
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - A Huynh
- Silicon Valley Research Institute, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - M T Ly
- Silicon Valley Research Institute, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - H A Nguyen
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - K K Nguyen
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - J Yang
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - R T Garcia
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - B Levitt
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | | | - R G Gish
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA, USA.,National Viral Hepatitis Roundtable, San Francisco, CA, USA
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18
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Abstract
The impact of next-generation sequencing (NGS) on the issue of return of results is defying clear policy guidance and creating international confusion. Limiting ourselves to the return of results revealed by NGS (including incidental findings) in adults, children, family members of deceased individuals, and population studies, we describe and contrast emerging policy positions in Europe, Canada, and the United States. Until there are clear, scientific, and professional standards and practical policy, both researchers and clinicians cannot be faulted for being either hesitant or pressured to return NGS results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Karine Sénécal
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Anne Marie Tassé
- Public Population Project in Genomics and Society (PG), Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Ma'n H Zawati
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
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19
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Basak A, Abouelhassan Y, Norwood VM, Bai F, Nguyen MT, Jin S, Huigens RW. Back Cover: Synthetically Tuning the 2-Position of Halogenated Quinolines: Optimizing Antibacterial and Biofilm Eradication Activities via Alkylation and Reductive Amination Pathways (Chem. Eur. J. 27/2016). Chemistry 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akash Basak
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; 1600 SW Archer Road Gainesville FL 32610 USA
| | - Yasmeen Abouelhassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Center for Natural Products; Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3); University of Florida; 1345 Center Drive Gainesville FL 32610 USA
| | - Verrill M. Norwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Center for Natural Products; Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3); University of Florida; 1345 Center Drive Gainesville FL 32610 USA
| | - Fang Bai
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32610 USA
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Center for Natural Products; Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3); University of Florida; 1345 Center Drive Gainesville FL 32610 USA
| | - Shouguang Jin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32610 USA
| | - Robert W. Huigens
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; 1600 SW Archer Road Gainesville FL 32610 USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Center for Natural Products; Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3); University of Florida; 1345 Center Drive Gainesville FL 32610 USA
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20
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Basak A, Abouelhassan Y, Norwood VM, Bai F, Nguyen MT, Jin S, Huigens RW. Synthetically Tuning the 2-Position of Halogenated Quinolines: Optimizing Antibacterial and Biofilm Eradication Activities via Alkylation and Reductive Amination Pathways. Chemistry 2016; 22:9181-9. [PMID: 27245927 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Agents capable of eradicating bacterial biofilms are of great importance to human health as biofilm-associated infections are tolerant to our current antibiotic therapies. We have recently discovered that halogenated quinoline (HQ) small molecules are: 1) capable of eradicating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) biofilms, and 2) synthetic tuning of the 2-position of the HQ scaffold has a significant impact on antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. Here, we report the chemical synthesis and biological evaluation of 39 HQ analogues that have a high degree of structural diversity at the 2-position. We identified diverse analogues that are alkylated and aminated at the 2-position of the HQ scaffold and demonstrate potent antibacterial (MIC≤0.39 μm) and biofilm eradication (MBEC 1.0-93.8 μm) activities against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecium strains while demonstrating <5 % haemolysis activity against human red blood cells (RBCs) at 200 μm. In addition, these HQs demonstrated low cytotoxicity against HeLa cells. Halogenated quinolines are a promising class of antibiofilm agents against Gram-positive pathogens that could lead to useful treatments against persistent bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Basak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yasmeen Abouelhassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Fang Bai
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Shouguang Jin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Robert W Huigens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA. .,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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Garrison AT, Abouelhassan Y, Norwood VM, Kallifidas D, Bai F, Nguyen MT, Rolfe M, Burch GM, Jin S, Luesch H, Huigens RW. Structure-Activity Relationships of a Diverse Class of Halogenated Phenazines That Targets Persistent, Antibiotic-Tolerant Bacterial Biofilms and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Med Chem 2016; 59:3808-25. [PMID: 27018907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Persistent bacteria, including persister cells within surface-attached biofilms and slow-growing pathogens lead to chronic infections that are tolerant to antibiotics. Here, we describe the structure-activity relationships of a series of halogenated phenazines (HP) inspired by 2-bromo-1-hydroxyphenazine 1. Using multiple synthetic pathways, we probed diverse substitutions of the HP scaffold in the 2-, 4-, 7-, and 8-positions, providing critical information regarding their antibacterial and bacterial eradication profiles. Halogenated phenazine 14 proved to be the most potent biofilm-eradicating agent (≥99.9% persister cell killing) against MRSA (MBEC < 10 μM), MRSE (MBEC = 2.35 μM), and VRE (MBEC = 0.20 μM) biofilms while 11 and 12 demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against M. tuberculosis (MIC = 3.13 μM). Unlike antimicrobial peptide mimics that eradicate biofilms through the general lysing of membranes, HPs do not lyse red blood cells. HPs are promising agents that effectively target persistent bacteria while demonstrating negligible toxicity against mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Garrison
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Yasmeen Abouelhassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Dimitris Kallifidas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Fang Bai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Minh Thu Nguyen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Melanie Rolfe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Gena M Burch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Shouguang Jin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Robert W Huigens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, College of Medicine, and ⊥Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610
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Chen Q, Chiheb S, Fysekidis M, Jaber Y, Brahimi M, Nguyen MT, Millasseau S, Cosson E, Valensi P. Arterial stiffness is elevated in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:1041-1049. [PMID: 26474725 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Arterial stiffness, a measure of macrovascular damage predictive of poor cardio-vascular outcomes, is strongly related to age and hypertension (HT). In diabetic patients peripheral neuropathy (PN) has been found to be associated with increased arterial stiffness, which might be due to the concomitant presence of HT. The aim of this study was to examine in type-2 diabetic patients, the relationship between arterial stiffness and presence or absence of PN and HT separately. METHODS AND RESULTS Arterial stiffness was measured with the gold standard carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) in 447 type-2 diabetic subjects of whom 66% were hypertensive, 53% had PN, and 40% had both. Patients with PN were older, more often hypertensive and had higher PWV than those free of PN. Patients were separated according to the presence or absence of PN and HT. PWV values above the 90th percentile age- and blood pressure-adjusted reference range (PWV+) were different across these groups (p < 0.005) with the following respective prevalences: 27.2%, 53.4%, 33.3% and 30.6%. Only PWV+ was significantly associated with PN and hypertension in the interaction analysis. CONCLUSION Well controlled hypertensive patients did not have elevated arterial stiffness compared to normotensive patients. This might be due to anti-hypertensive treatment although our study design does not allow us to confirm it. A strong association between PN and arterial stiffness was only present in normotensive patients, suggesting that normotensive type 2 diabetic patients with PN and elevated arterial stiffness should be carefully managed to prevent future macrovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Chen
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Bondy, France; Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shangai, China
| | - S Chiheb
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Bondy, France
| | - M Fysekidis
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Bondy, France
| | - Y Jaber
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Bondy, France
| | - M Brahimi
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Bondy, France
| | - M T Nguyen
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Bondy, France
| | - S Millasseau
- Pulse Wave Consulting, Saint Leu la Foret, France
| | - E Cosson
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Bondy, France; UMR U1153 Inserm/U1125 Inra/Cnam/Univ Paris 13, Research Center in Epidemiology and Biostatistic Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Bobigny, France
| | - P Valensi
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, Bondy, France.
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Nguyen MT, Kraft B, Yu W, Demircioglu DD, Hertlein T, Burian M, Schmaler M, Boller K, Bekeredjian-Ding I, Ohlsen K, Schittek B, Götz F. Correction: The νSaα Specific Lipoprotein Like Cluster (lpl) of S. aureus USA300 Contributes to Immune Stimulation and Invasion in Human Cells. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005189. [PMID: 26406338 PMCID: PMC4583252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Abouelhassan Y, Garrison AT, Bai F, Norwood VM, Nguyen MT, Jin S, Huigens RW. A Phytochemical-Halogenated Quinoline Combination Therapy Strategy for the Treatment of Pathogenic Bacteria. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1157-62. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nguyen MT, Charlebois K. The clinical utility of whole-exome sequencing in the context of rare diseases - the changing tides of medical practice. Clin Genet 2015; 88:313-9. [PMID: 25421945 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Whole-exome sequencing (WES) carries the potential to facilitate the identification of disease causing genes. This is particularly relevant concerning rare diseases, which proves particularly difficult for physicians to diagnose. However, the complexity of this technology renders its applicability onto the clinical setting uncertain. Our study thus aims to understand physicians' perspectives regarding the clinical utility of WES, particularly for providing a diagnosis for patients with rare diseases. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with physicians with experience and familiarity with WES, and the major themes that emerged from our interviews were (i) the relevance of WES in diagnosing patients with rare diseases (appropriateness); (ii) the cost-effectiveness of WES (accessibility), (iii) the practical issues related to the clinical implementation of WES (practicability); and (iv) ethical, legal and social issues (acceptability). Our study highlights how the clinical implementation of WES presents additional challenges where rare diseases are taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Nguyen
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - K Charlebois
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Nguyen MT, Pham I, Chemla D, Valensi P, Cosson E. Decreased stroke volume−brachial pulse pressure ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes over 50 years: the role of peripheral neuropathy. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:1093-1100. [PMID: 23541167 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To document the stroke volume to pulse pressure ratio (SV/PP, an index of total arterial compliance) and its correlates in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) aged over 50 years whose peripheral neuropathy and silent myocardial ischemic (SMI) status were known. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 360 patients with T2DM aged ≥ 50 years, without cardiac history or symptom, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, dilatation and hypokinesia, were retrospectively enrolled. The SV/PP was calculated from echocardiographic left ventricular measurements and brachial blood pressure at rest. Peripheral neuropathy was defined as the presence of any two or more of the following: neuropathic symptoms, decreased distal sensation, or decreased or absent ankle reflexes. SMI was defined as an abnormal stress myocardial scintigraphy and/or stress echocardiography. A low SV/PP ratio (<0.53 ml/m²/mmHg, first tertile) was associated with age, creatinine clearance, 24 h urinary albumin excretion rate, peripheral neuropathy, hypertension, serum total cholesterol and triglycerides levels (p < 0.05-0.0001). In multivariate analysis, age (OR 1.1 [1.0-1.2], p < 0.01), triglycerides (OR 1.5 [1.2-2.0], p = 0.01) and peripheral neuropathy (OR 2.2 [1.2-3.9], p = 0.009) were independently associated with a low SV/PP. The patients with peripheral neuropathy had lower SV (p < 0.01) and higher PP (p < 0.05) than those without, and only lower SV after adjustment for age and nephropathy. Similar results were obtained in the patients with and without SMI. CONCLUSION Peripheral neuropathy was independently associated with decreased SV/PP, mainly through decreased SV, in patients with T2DM over 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Nguyen
- AP-HP, Jean Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Paris Nord University, CRNH-IdF, Bondy, France; UMR U557 Inserm, U1125 Inra, Cnam, Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France
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Nguyen MT, Csermely P, Sőti C. Hsp90 chaperones PPARγ and regulates differentiation and survival of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Cell Death Differ 2013; 20:1654-63. [PMID: 24096869 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue dysregulation has a major role in various human diseases. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) is a key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and function, as well as a target of insulin-sensitizing drugs. The Hsp90 chaperone stabilizes a diverse set of signaling 'client' proteins, thereby regulates various biological processes. Here we report a novel role for Hsp90 in controlling PPARγ stability and cellular differentiation. Specifically, we show that the Hsp90 inhibitors geldanamycin and novobiocin efficiently impede the differentiation of murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Geldanamycin at higher concentrations also inhibits the survival of both developing and mature adipocytes, respectively. Further, Hsp90 inhibition disrupts an Hsp90-PPARγ complex, leads to the destabilization and proteasomal degradation of PPARγ, and inhibits the expression of PPARγ target genes, identifying PPARγ as an Hsp90 client. A similar destabilization of PPARγ and a halt of adipogenesis also occur in response to protein denaturing stresses caused by a single transient heat-shock or proteasome inhibition. Recovery from stress restores PPARγ stability and adipocyte differentiation. Thus, our findings reveal Hsp90 as a critical stress-responsive regulator of adipocyte biology and offer a potential therapeutic target in obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Nguyen
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Zawati MH, Parry D, Thorogood A, Nguyen MT, Boycott KM, Rosenblatt D, Knoppers BM. Reporting results from whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing in clinical practice: a proposal for Canada? J Med Genet 2013; 51:68-70. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-101934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Cosson E, Nguyen MT, Chanu B, Balta S, Takbou K, Valensi P. The report of male gender and retinopathy status improves the current consensus guidelines for the screening of myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:557-565. [PMID: 22502874 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS American Diabetes Association (ADA), French-speaking Societies for diabetes & cardiology (ALFEDIAM-SFC) and Cardiac Radionuclide Imaging (CRI) have proposed guidelines for the screening of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI). The aim of the study was to evaluate their diagnostic values and how to improve them. METHODS AND RESULTS 731 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients with ≥1 additional risk factor were screened between 1992 and 2006 for SMI by stress myocardial scintigraphy and for silent coronary artery disease (CAD) by coronary angiography. A total of 215 (29.4%) patients had SMI, and 79 of them had CAD. ADA (Odds Ratio 1.7 [95% Confidence Interval: 1.2-2.5]; p < 0.05), ALFEDIAM-SFC (OR 1.5 [1.0-2.5], p < 0.05) and CRI criteria (OR 2.0 [1.4-2.8], p < 0.01) predicted SMI. Considering the presence of male gender and retinopathy added to the prediction of SMI allowed by ADA criteria (c statistic: area under the curve AROC 0.651 [0.605-0.697] versus 0.582 [0.534-0.630]), p < 0.01 and ALFEDIAM-SFC criteria (AROC 0.672 [0.620-0.719] versus 0.620 [0.571-0.670], p < 0.05). CRI prediction of SMI was improved by considering the presence of macroproteinuria and retinopathy (AROC 0.621 [0.575-0.667] versus 0.594 [0.548-0.641], p < 0.01). Severe retinopathy (OR 3.4 [1.2-9.4], p < 0.05), smoking habits (OR 2.1 [1.1-4.2], p < 0.05) and triglyceride levels (OR 1.3 [1.0-1.6], p < 0.05) were independent predictors of CAD in the patients with SMI. CONCLUSION Current guidelines criteria are able to predict SMI but prediction may be improved by considering male gender and the presence of retinopathy. CAD is more frequent in the patients with SMI who are current smokers, have severe retinopathy and higher triglyceride levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cosson
- AP-HP, Jean Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition and Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, Bondy, France.
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Alexiou K, Wilbring M, Nguyen MT, Tugtekin SM, Kappert U, Matschke K. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation reduces grade of concomitant mitral- and tricuspid valve regurgitation and improves right ventricular function. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1332711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Velázquez JJ, Tikhomirov VK, Chibotaru LF, Cuong NT, Kuznetsov AS, Rodríguez VD, Nguyen MT, Moshchalkov VV. Energy level diagram and kinetics of luminescence of Ag nanoclusters dispersed in a glass host. Opt Express 2012; 20:13582-91. [PMID: 22714386 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.013582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A site-selective spectroscopy study of Ag nanoclusters dispersed in oxyfluoride glass hosts has been carried out. The nano- to millisecond, essentially non-exponential, luminescence kinetics of Ag nanoclusters has been detected in the spectral range from 450 to 1000 nm, when excited at discrete wavelengths in the range 250 to 450 nm. Based on these experimental observations, the energy level configuration coordinate diagram for the involved ground and excited singlet/triplet states of the Ag nanoclusters has been proposed and confirmed by the density functional theory (DFT). The sites for the Ag nanoclusters are argued to be multiple. The structure/geometry of the involved Ag nanoclusters has been suggested to involve spin-paired dimers Ag²⁺, or tetramers Ag₄²⁺, with a varying elongation/distortion along the tetramer diagonals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Velázquez
- INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
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Claes P, Janssens E, Ngan VT, Gruene P, Lyon JT, Harding DJ, Fielicke A, Nguyen MT, Lievens P. Structural identification of caged vanadium doped silicon clusters. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:173401. [PMID: 22107515 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.173401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The geometry of cationic silicon clusters doped with vanadium, Si(n)V(+) (n=12-16), is investigated by using infrared multiple photon dissociation of the corresponding rare gas complexes in combination with ab initio calculations. It is shown that the clusters are endohedral cages, and evidence is provided that Si(16)V(+) is a fluxional system with a symmetric Frank-Kasper geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Claes
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Cosson E, Nguyen MT, Hamo-Tchatchouang E, Banu I, Chiheb S, Charnaux N, Valensi P. What would be the outcome if the American Diabetes Association recommendations of 2010 had been followed in our practice in 1998-2006? Diabet Med 2011; 28:567-74. [PMID: 21480967 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In 2010, the American Diabetes Association has published recommendations on the population to be screened for dysglycaemia; the diagnostic criteria for intermediate hyperglycaemia and diabetes using oral glucose tolerance testing and HbA(1c); and the patients eligible for treatment with metformin. We aimed to evaluate the consequences of screening with oral glucose tolerance test or HbA(1c) in an at-risk population. METHODS Among 1177 overweight or obese consecutive adults without known diabetes who were referred to our department for weight management, we selected 1157 individuals (83% female; 80% European) fulfilling the American Diabetes Association 2010 criteria for dysglycaemia screening. RESULTS Mean age was 41.2 ± 13 years, BMI 37.0 ± 7.2 kg/m(2), fasting plasma glucose 4.9 ± 0.8 mmol/l and HbA(1c) (turbidimetric immunoassay) 5.7 ± 0.7% (39 mmol/mol). Based on oral glucose tolerance test and HbA(1c), respectively, 76 (6.6%) and 113 (9.8%) patients had diabetes, including 34 sharing both criteria; 307 (26.5%) and 478 (41.3%) had intermediate hyperglycaemia; and 130 (11.2%) and 255 (22.0%) would be treated with metformin. The sensitivity/specificity of HbA(1c) ≥ 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) for the diagnosis of diabetes according to the oral glucose tolerance test were 44.7/92.7%. Diabetes risk scores and UK Prospective Diabetes Study cardiovascular risk score were the highest in the 130 patients having both an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test and HbA(1c) ≥ 5.7%. CONCLUSIONS In a population at risk for diabetes, the HbA(1c) strategy could lead to diagnosing more cases of dysglycaemia and to treating more patients with metformin than the oral glucose tolerance test strategy. The consistency of either diagnostic criteria was low. The patients with the highest a priori risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease were those fulfilling both oral glucose tolerance test and HbA(1c) criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cosson
- AP-HP, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, Bondy, France.
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Choi SP, Nguyen MT, Sim SJ. Enzymatic pretreatment of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii biomass for ethanol production. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101:5330-6. [PMID: 20219355 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Revised: 12/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The production of ethanol from feedstock other than agriculture materials has been promoted in recent years. Some microalgae can accumulate a high starch content (about 44% of dry base) via photosynthesis. Algal biomass, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii UTEX 90, was converted into a suitable fermentable feedstock by two commercial hydrolytic enzymes. The results showed that almost all starch was released and converted into glucose without steps for the cell wall disruption. Various conditions in the liquefaction and saccharification processes, such as enzyme concentration, pH, temperature, and residence time, have been investigated to obtain an optimum combination using the orthogonal analysis. As a result, approximately 235 mg of ethanol was produced from 1.0 g of algal biomass by a separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) method. The main advantages of this process include the low cost of chemicals, short residence time, and simple equipment system, all of which promote its large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Phill Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Changan-gu, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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Cosson E, Nguyen MT, Pham I, Pontet M, Nitenberg A, Valensi P. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide: an independent marker for coronary artery disease in asymptomatic diabetic patients. Diabet Med 2009; 26:872-9. [PMID: 19719707 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02788.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine whether plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, a marker for cardiac failure and potentially for the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), predicts silent myocardial ischaemia (SMI) and silent CAD in asymptomatic high-risk diabetic patients. METHODS Five hundred and seventeen asymptomatic diabetic patients with > or = 1 additional cardiovascular risk factor but without heart failure were prospectively screened between 1998 and 2008 for SMI, defined as an abnormal stress myocardial scintigraphy, and subsequently for significant (> 70%) angiographic CAD. The 323 patients with interpretable echocardiography and for whom NT-proBNP was measured were included in this analysis. RESULTS SMI was found in 108 (33.4%) patients, 39 of whom had CAD. NT-proBNP was higher in the patients with CAD than in the patients without CAD [45.0 (1-3199) vs. 20.0 (1-1640) pg/ml; P < 0.0001 median (range)], even after adjustment for confounding factors: age, gender, body mass index, glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)), retinopathy, nephropathy, hypertension, echocardiographic parameters (P < 0.05). NT-proBNP in the third tertile (> or = 38 pg/ml) predicted CAD with a sensitivity of 59% and a specificity of 67%. In a multiple logistic regression analysis including NT-proBNP > or = 38 pg/ml, age, body mass index, gender, HbA(1c), hypertension, retinopathy, nephropathy, peripheral occlusive arterial disease, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, dilatation and hypertrophy and Type 1 transmitral flow, NT-proBNP > or = 38 pg/ml was the only significant independent predictor of silent CAD [odds ratio (OR) 3.1 (95% confidence interval 1.3-7.6), P = 0.015]. CONCLUSIONS NT-proBNP measurement helps to better define asymptomatic diabetic patients with an increased likelihood for CAD, independently of cardiac function and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cosson
- AP-HP, Jean Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition and Paris-Nord University, CRNH-IdF, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France.
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Kwok NM, Ha QP, Nguyen MT, Li J, Samali B. Bouc-Wen model parameter identification for a MR fluid damper using computationally efficient GA. ISA Trans 2007; 46:167-79. [PMID: 17349644 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2006.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2006] [Accepted: 08/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A non-symmetrical Bouc-Wen model is proposed in this paper for magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers. The model considers the effect of non-symmetrical hysteresis which has not been taken into account in the original Bouc-Wen model. The model parameters are identified with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) using its flexibility in identification of complex dynamics. The computational efficiency of the proposed GA is improved with the absorption of the selection stage into the crossover and mutation operations. Crossover and mutation are also made adaptive to the fitness values such that their probabilities need not be user-specified. Instead of using a sufficiently number of generations or a pre-determined fitness value, the algorithm termination criterion is formulated on the basis of a statistical hypothesis test, thus enhancing the performance of the parameter identification. Experimental test data of the damper displacement and force are used to verify the proposed approach with satisfactory parameter identification results.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Kwok
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Flammang R, Srinivas R, Nguyen MT, Gerbaux P. Letter: OCCO*+, NNCO*+ and NNNN*+ radical cations. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 2007; 13:173-5. [PMID: 17881784 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Chemical ionization of a mixture of nitrogen and carbon monoxide produces three stable isobaric species at m/z 56: OCCO, OCNN and NNNN radical cations. Separated at increased resolution, these ions are readily identified by collisional activation. Neutralization-reionization experiments performed on two different mass spectrometers have not allowed the detection of any recovery signals for the corresponding neutrals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Flammang
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Mons-Hainaut, Avenue Maistriau 19, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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Nguyen MT, Oey I, Hendrickx M, Van Loey A. Effect of pressure and temperature combination on the stability of (6R,S) 5-methyl and (6R,S) 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid in model system. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2006; 71:291-5. [PMID: 17191524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
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Janssens E, Neukermans S, Nguyen HMT, Nguyen MT, Lievens P. Quenching of the magnetic moment of a transition metal dopant in silver clusters. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:113401. [PMID: 15903854 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.113401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Single magnetic atoms embedded in a nonmagnetic host exhibit the Kondo effect in the bulk limit, while in very small molecules the magnetic atom is hardly affected by the matrix. In a combined theoretical (density functional theory) and experimental (photofragmentation and mass spectrometry) study we consider the intermediate case of nanometer sized transition-metal-doped silver clusters. In particular, we provide experimental evidence for enhanced stability of the cobalt-doped silver cluster Ag10Co+ and show theoretically that it has a symmetric endohedral geometry with a closed 18-electron singlet electronic shell structure. This implies that the magnetic moment on the cobalt atom is quenched.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Janssens
- Laboratorium voor Vaste-Stoffysica en Magnetisme, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Joly
- Centre de recherche en droit public, Universite de Montreal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada.
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Nguyen MT, Van Loey A, Hendrickx M. Isobaric-isothermal degradation kinetics of (6R,S) 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2005; 70:255-8. [PMID: 16366320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
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Compernolle S, Kiran B, Chibotaru LF, Nguyen MT, Ceulemans A. Ab initio study of small graphitic cones with triangle, square, and pentagon apex. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:2326-36. [PMID: 15260787 DOI: 10.1063/1.1757440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate geometries of carbon nanocones of different sizes with a triangle, square or pentagon at the apex have been determined for the first time using a quantum chemical optimization method. The structure close to the apex is distorted from an ideal conical surface. The charging effect of the central defect is quite different from that predicted by tight-binding calculations. The symmetry behavior of the frontier orbitals and the size of the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap versus cone type and size is explained. The density of states quickly converges towards that of graphite when the size of the cone increases. In comparison to previous results in the literature it is found that the local densities of states of cones, that are locally different but belong to the same topo-combinatoric class, share common features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Compernolle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Belgium.
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Arroqui C, Messagie I, Nguyen MT, Van Loey A, Hendrickx M. Comparative study on pressure and temperature stability of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in model systems and in food products. J Agric Food Chem 2004; 52:485-492. [PMID: 14759137 DOI: 10.1021/jf0349432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study on the pressure and temperature stability of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-CH(3)-H(4)folate) was performed in model/buffer systems and food products (i.e., orange juice, kiwi puree, carrot juice, and asparagus). Effects of pH and ascorbic acid (0.5 mg/g) on 5-CH(3)-H(4)folate stability in buffer systems were studied on a kinetic basis at different temperatures (from 65 to 160 degrees C) and different pressure/temperature combinations (from 100 to 700 MPa/from 20 to 65 degrees C). These studies showed that (i) the degradation of 5-CH(3)-H(4)folate in all model systems could be described by first-order reaction kinetics, (ii) the thermostability of 5-CH(3)-H(4)folate was enhanced by increasing pH up to 7, (iii) 5-CH(3)-H(4)folate was relatively pressure stable at temperatures lower than 40 degrees C, and (iv) ascorbic acid enhanced both the thermo- and barostabilities of 5-CH(3)-H(4)folate. In food products, temperature and pressure stabilities of 5-CH(3)-H(4)folate were studied at different temperatures (70-120 degrees C) and different pressure/temperature combinations (from 50 to 200 MPa/25 degrees C and 500 MPa/60 degrees C). 5-CH(3)-H(4)folate in orange juice and kiwi puree was relatively temperature (up to 120 degrees C) and pressure (up to 500 MPa/60 degrees C) stable in contrast to carrot juice and asparagus. Addition of ascorbic acid (0.5 mg/g) in carrot juice resulted in a remarkable protective effect on pressure (500 MPa/60 degrees C/40 min) and temperature degradation (120 degrees C/40 min) of 5-CH(3)-H(4)folate.
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Nguyen MT, Van Loey A, Hendrickx M. Effect of pH on temperature stability of folates. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2004; 69:203-6. [PMID: 15560222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
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Barbieri M, Allman J, Pham BS, Nguyen MT. Demographic trends in Vietnam. Popul 2002; 8:209-34. [PMID: 12157937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
"Asia's four ¿little dragons' (South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan) have in common not only an economic boom, but also the same rapid demographic transition. How does Vietnam, whose economy is poised for a take-off, stand in this respect? In an attempt to answer this question, [the authors] study the growing corpus of information which a number of ad hoc surveys have added to the 1979 and 1989 population censuses."
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Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if rectal sedation with thiopental sodium produced for intravenous administration provides safe and effective sedation for children undergoing diagnostic imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five hundred twenty-five consecutive children (mean age, 2.7 years +/- 2.2 [SD]) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (n = 425), computed tomography (n = 89), and nuclear medicine (n = 11) examinations after rectal administration of thiopental sodium injection solution. The solution was prepared from thiopental sodium powder mixed with sterile water to create a concentration of 100 mg/mL. The dose ranged from 25 to 40 mg per kilogram of body weight, with a total dose limit of 1.5 g. The percentages of successful sedations and adverse reactions were evaluated on the basis of data collected at the time of the sedation. RESULTS Sedation was successful in 504 (96%) children. Ten (2%) children experienced desaturation, but only three of the 10 experienced sedation failure. All cases of desaturation were treated successfully with head repositioning, administration of supplemental oxygen, or both. No children experienced vomiting, acute rectal irritation, paradoxical hyperactivity, or prolonged sedation. CONCLUSION Thiopental sodium sedation for pediatric imaging, with use of a rectal solution prepared from thiopental sodium preparation for intravenous injection, is safe and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Nguyen
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Arkansas Children's Hospital, 800 Marshall St, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
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Nataraj C, Thomas DW, Tilley SL, Nguyen MT, Mannon R, Koller BH, Coffman TM. Receptors for prostaglandin E(2) that regulate cellular immune responses in the mouse. J Clin Invest 2001; 108:1229-35. [PMID: 11602631 PMCID: PMC209534 DOI: 10.1172/jci13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) is enhanced during inflammation, and this lipid mediator can dramatically modulate immune responses. There are four receptors for PGE(2) (EP1-EP4) with unique patterns of expression and different coupling to intracellular signaling pathways. To identify the EP receptors that regulate cellular immune responses, we used mouse lines in which the genes encoding each of the four EP receptors were disrupted by gene targeting. Using the mixed lymphocyte response (MLR) as a model cellular immune response, we confirmed that PGE(2) has potent antiproliferative effects on wild-type responder cells. The absence of either the EP1 or EP3 receptors did not alter the inhibitory response to PGE(2) in the MLR. In contrast, when responder cells lacked the EP2 receptor, PGE(2) had little effect on proliferation. Modest resistance to PGE(2) was also observed in EP4-/- responder cells. Reconstitution experiments suggest that EP2 receptors primarily inhibit the MLR through direct actions on T cells. Furthermore, PGE(2) modulates macrophage function by activating the EP4 receptor and thereby inhibiting cytokine release. Thus, PGE(2) regulates cellular immune responses through distinct EP receptors on different immune cell populations: EP2 receptors directly inhibit T cell proliferation while EP2 and EP4 receptors regulate antigen presenting cells functions.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology
- Base Sequence
- DNA Primers/genetics
- Dinoprostone/pharmacology
- Gene Expression
- Immunity, Cellular
- Interleukin-12/biosynthesis
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Mice, Knockout
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/immunology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/classification
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/immunology
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP1 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nataraj
- Division of Nephrology, Duke University and Durham Veterans' Affairs Medical Centers, Durham, NC 27705, USA
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Nguyen LT, Proft FD, Chandra AK, Uchimaru T, Nguyen MT, Geerlings P. Nitrous oxide as a 1,3-dipole: a theoretical study of its cycloaddition mechanism. J Org Chem 2001; 66:6096-103. [PMID: 11529736 DOI: 10.1021/jo015685f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of nitrous oxide and substituted alkynes have been studied at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. The reaction is controlled by LUMO (dipole)--HOMO (dipolarofile) and involves aromatic transition structures. The shape of the potential energy surface and the regioselectivity are not affected by the polarity of the solvents, except in the case of N2O + HC triple bond CSiH3. Different reactivity criteria including FMO coefficients product C, local softness differences Delta, magnetic susceptibility anisotropy chi(anis), and nucleus-independent chemical shifts NICS were used to predict the regioselectivity in all studied cases; the C, Delta criteria turn out to give the best results among them. The aromaticity of the transition structure is not a factor in determining the regiochemistry of the cycloaddtition reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Nguyen
- Group of Computational Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, HoChiMinh City University of Technology, HoChiMinh City, Vietnam
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Mátrai J, Dransfeld A, Veszprémi T, Nguyen MT. Mechanism of the ring-chain rearrangement in phosphiranes: hydrogen versus halogen migration. J Org Chem 2001; 66:5671-8. [PMID: 11511238 DOI: 10.1021/jo000493q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio quantum chemical calculations including HF, MP2, CCSD(T), CASSCF(10,10)/CASPT2, and B3LYP methods with the 6-31G(d,p) basis set were used to probe the mechanism of the ring-chain rearrangement of halogeno-phosphiranes. It is confirmed that the lowest energy interconversion between C-halogenated-(X)-phosphiranes and vinylphosphines, with X = H, F, Cl, and Br, is a one-step process in which the C-P bond cleavage and X-sigmatropic migration from C to P occur in a concerted manner in a single transition structure. The migration of a hydrogen from CH(H) is slightly favored over that of CX(H), and thus, the cleavage of the C(X)-P bond is preferred. The energy barrier for the whole process involving hydrogen migration in the parent phosphirane is calculated to be about 45 +/- 5 kcal/mol. The migratory aptitude of the atoms X in the uncomplexed species is found as follows: H > Br > Cl > F, either in the gaseous phase or in aqueous and DMSO solutions. The solvation enthalpies that were estimated using a polarizable continuum model (PCM) are rather small and do not modify the relative ordering of the energy barriers. Such a trend is at variance with recent experimental findings on metal-phosphinidene complexes in which only halogen migration was observed. This might arise from a peculiar effect of the metal fragments W(CO)(5) used in the experimental studies to stabilize the phosphorus species that induce a quite different mechanism. Calculations of the (31)P chemical shifts using the GIAO/B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) method show a remarkable correlation between the delta(31)P(X) chemical shifts of X-phosphiranes and those of X-phosphines (XCH(2)PH(2)), suggesting that the large beta substituent effect is not inherent to the small rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mátrai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Madan AK, Nguyen MT, Wakabayashi MN, Beech DJ. Magnification views of mammography decrease biopsy rates. Am Surg 2001; 67:687-9. [PMID: 11450790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Mammography is a valuable tool for screening and has increased early detection of breast cancer. Magnification views are commonly used to further elucidate suspicious changes seen on routine mammograms. The effect of magnification views and their utility have not been studied regarding the influence on treatment strategies. All patients who had magnification views performed along with their mammogram at Tulane University Medical Center over a one-year period were included. Patient charts were reviewed for mammogram readings, recommendations, and any biopsy results. The original mammograms without the magnification views were given to a physician who was blinded to the final results of the magnification views for a recommendation of whether or not to biopsy the lesion. These recommendations were compared with the results with actual recommendations. Magnification views were performed on 127 patients. After the additional magnification views were taken 27 per cent (34 of 127) of patients had biopsies performed. Biopsy results revealed benign findings in 71 per cent and nonbenign findings (lobular carcinoma in situ, ductal carcinoma in situ, or carcinoma) in 29 per cent. On the basis of the recommendations without magnification views 64 per cent of patients would have had biopsies performed. Magnification views decreased the biopsy rates by 58 per cent (P < 0.001; chi2 tests). Magnification views can help decrease the number of biopsies performed for suspicious small areas on mammograms. Their judicious use can help decrease unnecessary procedures, patient anxiety, and cost. Magnification views are useful to help surgeons and radiologists best screen for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Madan
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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