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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Kiss MG, Papac-Miličević N, Porsch F, Tsiantoulas D, Hendrikx T, Takaoka M, Dinh HQ, Narzt MS, Göderle L, Ozsvár-Kozma M, Schuster M, Fortelny N, Hladik A, Knapp S, Gruber F, Pickering MC, Bock C, Swirski FK, Ley K, Zernecke A, Cochain C, Kemper C, Mallat Z, Binder CJ. Cell-autonomous regulation of complement C3 by factor H limits macrophage efferocytosis and exacerbates atherosclerosis. Immunity 2023; 56:1809-1824.e10. [PMID: 37499656 PMCID: PMC10529786 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Complement factor H (CFH) negatively regulates consumption of complement component 3 (C3), thereby restricting complement activation. Genetic variants in CFH predispose to chronic inflammatory disease. Here, we examined the impact of CFH on atherosclerosis development. In a mouse model of atherosclerosis, CFH deficiency limited plaque necrosis in a C3-dependent manner. Deletion of CFH in monocyte-derived inflammatory macrophages propagated uncontrolled cell-autonomous C3 consumption without downstream C5 activation and heightened efferocytotic capacity. Among leukocytes, Cfh expression was restricted to monocytes and macrophages, increased during inflammation, and coincided with the accumulation of intracellular C3. Macrophage-derived CFH was sufficient to dampen resolution of inflammation, and hematopoietic deletion of CFH in atherosclerosis-prone mice promoted lesional efferocytosis and reduced plaque size. Furthermore, we identified monocyte-derived inflammatory macrophages expressing C3 and CFH in human atherosclerotic plaques. Our findings reveal a regulatory axis wherein CFH controls intracellular C3 levels of macrophages in a cell-autonomous manner, evidencing the importance of on-site complement regulation in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté G Kiss
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
| | | | - Florentina Porsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dimitrios Tsiantoulas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim Hendrikx
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Minoru Takaoka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Huy Q Dinh
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Marie-Sophie Narzt
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Göderle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mária Ozsvár-Kozma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schuster
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Fortelny
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anastasiya Hladik
- Department of Medicine I, Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Department of Medicine I, Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Gruber
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Klaus Ley
- Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Clément Cochain
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Kemper
- Inflammation Research Section, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ziad Mallat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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Yamamoto-Mitani N, Saito Y, Takaoka M, Igarashi A. STAFF-CENTERED CASE CONFERENCE FOR STAFF WELL-BEING AND CARE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN LONG-TERM CARE. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Yamamoto-Mitani
- Dept. of Gerontological Homecare & LTC Nursing, UTokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Saito
- Department of Gerontological Homecare & LTC Nursing, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Takaoka
- Department of Gerontological Homecare & LTC Nursing, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Igarashi
- Department of Gerontological Homecare & LTC Nursing, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Takaoka M, Harrison J, Mallat Z, Goodall J. P12 EFFECTS OF GADD34, GROWTH ARREST AND DNA DAMAGE-INDUCIBLE PROTEIN 34, ON ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND POST-ISCHEMIC CARDIAC INJURY. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy216.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Takaoka
- University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Cambridge
| | - J Harrison
- University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Cambridge
| | - Z Mallat
- University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Cambridge
| | - J Goodall
- University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. Cambridge
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Okada S, Morimoto T, Ogawa H, Sakuma M, Matsumoto C, Soejima H, Nakayama M, Doi N, Jinnouchi H, Waki M, Masuda I, Saito Y, Miwa K, Akahoshi K, Misumi K, Araki H, Mitsudo Y, Kondo N, Ashihara K, Yumoto S, Horimoto M, Doi O, Doijiri K, Fukami R, Shimabukuro M, Egusa G, Goto K, Hanaoka Y, Kimura Y, Haraguchi Y, Haraguchi O, Hasegawa A, Shioya Y, Shioya Y, Tanaka E, Yamada K, Atsumi T, Tanazawa S, Horio Y, Ichihara S, Yasuda I, Ikeda T, Ikemura M, Imamoto C, Iseri Y, Iwai K, Okamoto S, Sugiyama S, Kamura M, Kan H, Kiyota M, Kawamura K, Ono T, Koga T, Kinuwaki E, Naito H, Kozuma K, Kudou K, Morikami Y, Yasue H, Mizuno Y, Fujimoto H, Matsuyama K, Fujii H, Kamijikkoku S, Kuwahara T, Takaoka K, Machii K, Maeda K, Mahara K, Maki A, Manda N, Marutsuka K, Sameshima N, Gi T, Matsunaga T, Matsuo S, Okubo H, Minagawa F, Minoda K, Miyata J, Matsuo T, Momosaki S, Munakata T, Nakamura T, Nagano H, Goshi K, Sugimoto K, Naomi S, Nasu T, Tanaka H, Sonoda R, Kajiwara K, Odo T, Ogata H, Ogihara M, Ogura T, Oka K, Kawashima E, Oshima E, Ozaki K, Ozawa S, Shono H, Sakamoto Y, Sakurai N, Wakabayashi C, Sawada T, Shibata J, Shimono H, Iemura A, Matsutani A, Suefuji H, Sugiyama H, Hokamaki J, Komori K, Kinoshita Y, Murakami H, Hashiguchi J, Hashiguchi Y, Sawai K, Hifumi A, Seo K, Toihata M, Tokube K, Ogawa H, Tomita F, Taguchi M, Tsubokura T, Tsuchiya T, Tsuda K, Tsurusaki R, Obata K, Watanabe K, Hayasida R, Ishibashi Y, Osamura Y, Yamanaka Y, Sonoda K, Iwaoka T, Yokota H, Yoshinari M, Abe N, Ando N, Bando H, Takami T, Doi M, Fujii Y, Fukuda M, Fukuoka Y, Hamano M, Takaoka M, Hasegawa H, Yabuta I, Higami K, Higami S, Yasuno A, Fujinaga Y, Onishi Y, Yoshimura K, Minami S, Nakashima T, Horie H, Horii K, Matsumura N, Ikuno T, Katsuyama Y, Uemura S, Kikukawa M, Kanauchi M, Kuzuya H, Iwasaki A, Koutani T, Makino H, Miki H, Misugi S, Naito M, Naito M, Nakano Y, Nakatani A, Nakatani F, Horii M, Yabuta M, Seno A, Kawata H, Samejima K, Onoue K, Kawakami R, Nakano T, Ueda T, Soeda T, Kita Y, Inoue F, Yamano S, Iwama H, Sakan H, Suzuki M, Kagoshima T, Nakai T, Hashimoto T, Nishitani Y, Kobayashi Y, Hoda K, Fujiki K, Uejima J, Morikawa Y, Kawano T, Yamada H, Nishimoto K, Ohsumi K, Ote N, Oya A, Nishiura K, Masuda J, Ban K, Kyoda Y, Sawada I, Sawada Y, Okada K, Yazaki A, Hanatani M, Sutani T, Hiramori Y, Tanaka Y, Igaki T, Tomioka Y, Shiiki H, Sugihara K, Hayashi M, Sasaki Y, Matsukura Y, Ueda M, Ueyama M, Uyama H, Yamada H, Yamaga K, Nakajima T, Yoshimoto K, Yoshimura M. Effect of Aspirin on Cancer Chemoprevention in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: 10-Year Observational Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1757-1764. [PMID: 29909377 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the efficacy of low-dose aspirin in cancer chemoprevention in patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a posttrial follow-up of the Japanese Primary Prevention of Atherosclerosis with Aspirin for Diabetes (JPAD) trial. Participants in the JPAD trial (2,536 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and without preexisting cardiovascular disease) were randomly allocated to receive aspirin (81 or 100 mg daily) or no aspirin. After that trial ended in 2008, we followed up with the participants until 2015, with no attempt to change the previously assigned therapy. The primary end point was total cancer incidence. We investigated the effect of low-dose aspirin on cancer incidence. RESULTS During the median follow-up period of 10.7 years, a total of 318 cancers occurred. The cancer incidence was not significantly different between the aspirin and no-aspirin groups (log-rank, P = 0.4; hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% CI, 0.73-1.14; P = 0.4). In subgroup analyses, aspirin did not affect cancer incidence in men, women, or participants aged ≥65 years. However, it decreased cancer incidence in participants aged <65 years (log-rank, P = 0.05; HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.44-0.99; P = 0.048). After adjusting for sex, hemoglobin A1c, smoking status, and administration of metformin and statins, aspirin significantly reduced cancer incidence in participants aged <65 years (adjusted HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.43-0.99; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Low-dose aspirin did not reduce cancer incidence in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadanori Okada
- Department of Diabetology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hisao Ogawa
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mio Sakuma
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Chisa Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Soejima
- Department of Cardiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Chuo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Naofumi Doi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Prefectural Seiwa Medical Center, Sango, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Hideaki Jinnouchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jinnouchi Hospital Diabetes Care Center, Chuo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masako Waki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital, Aoi, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Izuru Masuda
- Medical Examination Center, Takeda Hospital, Shimogyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Suzuki T, Israr MZ, Heaney LM, Takaoka M, Squire IB, Ng LL. Prognostic Role of Molecular Forms of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Acute Heart Failure. Clin Chem 2017; 63:880-886. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.265140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) molecular forms 5-32, 4-32, and 3-32 are known to be present in the circulation of heart failure (HF) patients. This study investigated the prognostic role of circulating BNP molecular forms on risk prediction for patients with acute HF.
METHODS
BNP molecular forms were measured in plasma using an immunocapture MALDI-TOF–mass spectrometry (MS) method. Associations of molecular BNP forms with adverse outcome of all-cause mortality (death) and a composite of all-cause mortality and rehospitalization due to HF (death/HF) at 6 months and 1 year were investigated.
RESULTS
BNP molecular forms 5-32, 4-32, and 3-32 were detected in 838 out of 904 patient samples. BNP molecular forms were all able to independently predict death and death/HF at 6 months and 1 year. BNP 5-32 was the superior form with strongest predictive qualities for death at 6 months [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.31, P = 0.005] and 1 year (adjusted HR 1.29, P = 0.002) and death/HF at 1 year (adjusted HR 1.18, P = 0.011). BNP 5-32, 4-32, and 3-32 showed decreased survival rates across increasing tertiles of circulating concentrations (P ≤ 0.004). BNP molecular forms showed prognostic ability comparable with conventional BNP measurements across all end points (P = 0.002–0.032 vs P = 0.014–0.039, respectively) and reduced associations with renal dysfunction (blood urea; Spearman correlation rs = 0.187–0.246 vs rs = 0.369, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
BNP molecular forms, notably BNP 5-32, showed association with poor prognosis at 6 months and 1 year in patients with acute HF. This is the first study reporting the prognostic ability of molecular BNP forms in HF patients and demonstrated comparable qualities to conventional BNP measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- Jichi Medical University, Tochigi-ken, Japan
| | - M Zubair Israr
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Liam M Heaney
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Minoru Takaoka
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Iain B Squire
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Leong L Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Taneike M, Nishida K, Omiya S, Zarrinpashneh E, Misaka T, Kitazume-Taneike R, Austin R, Takaoka M, Yamaguchi O, Gambello MJ, Shah AM, Otsu K. mTOR Hyperactivation by Ablation of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 in the Mouse Heart Induces Cardiac Dysfunction with the Increased Number of Small Mitochondria Mediated through the Down-Regulation of Autophagy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152628. [PMID: 27023784 PMCID: PMC4811538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a key regulator of cell growth, proliferation and metabolism. mTORC1 regulates protein synthesis positively and autophagy negatively. Autophagy is a major system to manage bulk degradation and recycling of cytoplasmic components and organelles. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) 1 and 2 form a heterodimeric complex and inactivate Ras homolog enriched in brain, resulting in inhibition of mTORC1. Here, we investigated the effects of hyperactivation of mTORC1 on cardiac function and structure using cardiac-specific TSC2-deficient (TSC2-/-) mice. TSC2-/- mice were born normally at the expected Mendelian ratio. However, the median life span of TSC2-/- mice was approximately 10 months and significantly shorter than that of control mice. TSC2-/- mice showed cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy without considerable fibrosis, cell infiltration or apoptotic cardiomyocyte death. Ultrastructural analysis of TSC2-/- hearts revealed misalignment, aggregation and a decrease in the size and an increase in the number of mitochondria, but the mitochondrial function was maintained. Autophagic flux was inhibited, while the phosphorylation level of S6 or eukaryotic initiation factor 4E -binding protein 1, downstream of mTORC1, was increased. The upregulation of autophagic flux by trehalose treatment attenuated the cardiac phenotypes such as cardiac dysfunction and structural abnormalities of mitochondria in TSC2-/- hearts. The results suggest that autophagy via the TSC2-mTORC1 signaling pathway plays an important role in maintenance of cardiac function and mitochondrial quantity and size in the heart and could be a therapeutic target to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis in failing hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Taneike
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kazuhiko Nishida
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shigemiki Omiya
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elham Zarrinpashneh
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tomofumi Misaka
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rika Kitazume-Taneike
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Austin
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Minoru Takaoka
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Osamu Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michael J. Gambello
- Division of Medical Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ajay M. Shah
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kinya Otsu
- Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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9
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Yokoyama N, Takaoka M. Nonlinear energy in a wave turbulence system. Proc Estonian Acad Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.3176/proc.2015.3s.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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10
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Fujiwara Y, Yamada T, Naomoto Y, Yamatsuji T, Shirakawa Y, Tanabe S, Noma K, Kimura T, Aoki H, Matsukawa H, Kimura M, Nonaka Y, Sasaki H, Onoda T, Otawa Y, Takaoka M, Fukazawa T, Ohno Y, Fujiwara T. Multicentred surgical site infection surveillance using partitioning analysis. J Hosp Infect 2013; 85:282-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Imazu K, Shinozaki K, Kinoshita M, Mukaigawa Y, Nishikawa C, Nishi Y, Shirasuna M, Kuwada E, Nakata K, Takaoka M. Investigation and Prevention of Fosaprepitant-Induced Vascular Pain. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt460.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Shimamura M, Nakagami H, Sata M, Takaoka M, Azuma J, Kiomy Osako M, Koriyama H, Kurinami H, Wakayama K, Miyake T, Morishita R. Unique remodeling processes after vascular injury in intracranial arteries: analysis using a novel mouse model. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013; 33:1153-9. [PMID: 23571280 PMCID: PMC3734766 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of angioplasty and stenting in intracranial atherosclerotic diseases is controversial due to high rates of delayed restenosis and hemorrhage compared with extracranial arteries. However, the mechanisms underlying these differences are still unclear, because their pathophysiology is yet to be examined. To address this issue, we established a novel vascular injury model in the intracranial internal carotid arteries (IICAs) in mice, and analyzed the remodeling process in comparison to that of the femoral arteries (FAs). In IICAs, neointimal hyperplasia was observed from day 14 and grew until day 56. Although smooth muscle cells (SMCs) emerged in the neointima from day 28, SMCs in the injured media were continuously lost with eventual extinction of the media. Re-endothelialization was started from day 7 and completed on day 28. Accumulation of macrophages was continued in the adventitia until day 56. Compared with FAs, the following points are unique in IICAs: (1) delayed continuous formation of neointima; (2) accumulation of macrophages in the media on day 14; (3) continuous loss of SMCs in the media followed by extinction of the media itself; and (4) continuously growing adventitia. These pathophysiologic differences might be associated with unfavorable outcomes in percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting in intracranial arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munehisa Shimamura
- Division of Vascular Medicine and Epigenetics, Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University Office for University-Industry Collaboration, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Minami T, Kuwahara K, Nakagawa Y, Takaoka M, Kinoshita H, Nakao K, Kuwabara Y, Yamada Y, Yamada C, Shibata J, Usami S, Yasuno S, Nishikimi T, Ueshima K, Sata M, Nakano H, Seno T, Kawahito Y, Sobue K, Kimura A, Nagai R, Nakao K. Abstract 30: Reciprocal Expression of MRTF-A and Myocardin Mediated by miR-1 Is Crucial for Phenotypic Modulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.32.suppl_1.a30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF)-A is a Rho signaling-responsive co-activator of serum response factor (SRF). Here we show that induction of MRTF-A expression is key to pathological vascular remodeling in mouse models of vascular disease. MRTF-A expression was significantly higher in the wire-injured femoral arteries of wild-type mice and in the atherosclerotic aortic tissues of ApoE
-/-
mice than in healthy control tissues, whereas myocardin expression was significantly lower. In addition, neointima formation in wire-injured femoral arteries in MRTF-A knockout (
Mkl1
-/-
) mice and atherosclerotic lesions in
Mkl1
-/-
;ApoE
-/-
mice were both significantly attenuated. Expression of vinculin, MMP-9 and integrin β1, three SRF targets and key regulators of cell migration, in injured arteries was significantly weaker in
Mkl1
-/-
mice than in wild-type mice. In cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), a cellular model of dedifferentiated VSMCs, knocking down MRTF-A reduced expression of these genes and significantly impaired cell migration. Underlying the increased MRTF-A expression in dedifferentiated VSMCs was the downregulation of microRNA-1 concomitant with a decrease in myocardin expression. Moreover, the MRTF-A inhibitor CCG1423 significantly reduced neointima formation following wire injury in mice. MRTF-A could thus be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeya Minami
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Nakagawa
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Minoru Takaoka
- Dept of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate Sch of Medicine, The Univ of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kinoshita
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nakao
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kuwabara
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuko Yamada
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Yamada
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Shibata
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Usami
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Yasuno
- EBM Rsch Cntr, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshio Nishikimi
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Ueshima
- EBM Rsch Cntr, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Sata
- Dept of Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute of Health Biosciences, The Univ of Tokushima Graduate Sch, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Nakano
- Juntendo Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Rsch, Biomedical Rsch Cntr, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seno
- Dept of Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate Sch of Med Science, Kyoto Prefectural Univ of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawahito
- Dept of Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate Sch of Med Science, Kyoto Prefectural Univ of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Sobue
- Dept of Neuroscience, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Iwate Med Univ, Iwate, Japan
| | - Akinori Kimura
- Dept of Molecular Pathogenesis, Med Rsch Institute, Tokyo Med and Dental Univ, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- Dept of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate Sch of Medicine, The Univ of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Dept of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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14
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Nagare H, Fujiwara T, Inoue T, Akao S, Inoue K, Maeda M, Yamane S, Takaoka M, Oshita K, Sun X. Nutrient recovery from biomass cultivated as catch crop for removing accumulated fertilizer in farm soil. Water Sci Technol 2012; 66:1110-1116. [PMID: 22797242 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
As a result of long-term continuous use of fertilizers in farm land, a large amount of nutrients accumulate in the soil, increasing the risk of eutrophication or nitrate pollution of groundwater. For rehabilitating the farm soil and recovering nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, a new system has been developed by our research group. This paper discusses the methodology of extracting nutrients from biomass in order to recover phosphorus and other nutrients in crystal form. Around 80% or higher extraction rates were achieved for phosphorus and potassium by soaking the powdered tissue in distilled water or 1% NaOH solution for 24 h. The extracted phosphorus and potassium act as a potential resource for recycled fertilizer or other industrial materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nagare
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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15
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Minami T, Kuwahara K, Nakagawa Y, Kuwabara Y, Nakao K, Kinohita H, Usami S, Yamada C, Shibata J, Nishikimi T, Takaoka M, Sata M, Nagai R, Nakao K. Abstract P341: MRTF-A, a Rho-Dependent Coactivator of SRF, Plays a Critical Role in Vascular Remodeling. Circ Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1161/res.109.suppl_1.ap341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
Rho-ROCK pathway is involved in the progression of pathological vascular remodeling through the regulation of cell proliferation and migration by controlling gene transcription. While a transcriptional co-activator Myocardin-related transcription factor(MRTF)-A transduces Rho-actin signaling to SRF activation in the nucleus, roles of MRTF-A in the process underlying vascular diseases remain unknown.
Methods and Results:
We found that MRTF-A mRNA and protein expression in femoral arteries 2weeks after wire injury was significantly higher than that in sham-operated arteries of mice. In contrast, the expression of myocardin or MRTF-B was significantly decreased in injured arteries. We then evaluated the role played by MRTF-A in pathological vascular remodeling by creating several vascular disease models of mice lacking MRTF-A (MRTF-A
-/-
). Neointima formation induced by ligation in carotid arteries of MRTF-A
-/-
was significantly smaller than that of MRTF-A
+/-
. Neointima formation induced by wire injury in femoral arteries of MRTFA
-/-
was significantly smaller than that of MRTF-A
+/+
. Atherosclerotic lesions of MRTF-A
-/-
;ApoE
-/-
was also significantly smaller than those of MRTF-A
+/+
;ApoE
-/
. The expression of SRF-target genes involved in cellular migration, such as MMP9 and vinculin,within injured arteries of MRTF-A
-/-
was significantly attenuated compared to that of MRTF-A
+/+
. In cultured, de-differentiated rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (RAVSMC), the expression of these genes was decreased by knocking down MRTF-A. Indeed, the promoter activity of vinculin gene was controlled by MRTF-A in RAVSMC. In addition, knocking down MRTF-A in RAVSMC resulted in a significant impairment in migration capacity. Furthermore, treatment with a small molecule CCG1423 inhibiting MRTF-A significantly reduced neointima formation induced by wire injury in femoral arteries of mice.
Conclusions:
Our study revealed that in de-differentiated vascular smooth muscle cells, in which myocardin and MRTTF-B expression is decreased, increased expression of MRTF-A contributes to the acquisition of migration capacity by maintaining SRF-target genes transcription, thereby promoting stress-induced vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Satoru Usami
- Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Minoru Takaoka
- Graduate Sch of Medicine, The Univ of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Sata
- The Univ of Tokushima Graduate Sch, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- Graduate Sch of Medicine, The Univ of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Kyoto Univ Graduate Sch of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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16
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Higashikuni Y, Sainz J, Nakamura K, Takaoka M, Enomoto S, Iwata H, Tanaka K, Sahara M, Hirata Y, Nagai R, Sata M. The ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure by promoting angiogenesis and antioxidant response. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 32:654-61. [PMID: 22116099 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.240341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), expressed in microvascular endothelial cells in the heart, has been suggested to regulate several tissue defense mechanisms. This study was performed to elucidate its role in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Pressure overload was induced in 8- to 12-week-old wild-type and Abcg2-/- mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Abcg2-/- mice showed exaggerated cardiac hypertrophy and ventricular remodeling after TAC compared with wild-type mice. In the early phase after TAC, functional impairment in angiogenesis and antioxidant response in myocardium was found in Abcg2-/- mice. In vitro experiments demonstrated that ABCG2 regulates transport of glutathione, an important endogenous antioxidant, from microvascular endothelial cells. Besides, glutathione transported from microvascular endothelial cells in ABCG2-dependent manner ameliorated oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In vivo, glutathione levels in plasma and the heart were increased in wild-type mice but not in Abcg2-/- mice after TAC. Treatment with the superoxide dismutase mimetic ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy in Abcg2-/- mice after TAC to the same extent as that in wild-type mice, although cardiac dysfunction with impaired angiogenesis was observed in Abcg2-/- mice. CONCLUSION ABCG2 protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure by promoting angiogenesis and antioxidant response.
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17
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Matsushita M, Shimatani M, Ikeura T, Takaoka M, Okazaki K. Peroral direct cholangioscopy with an ultraslim gastroscope in combination with a short double-balloon enteroscope for reconstructed biliary anatomy. Endoscopy 2011; 43:1017. [PMID: 22057770 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1256698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Higashikuni Y, Takaoka M, Iwata H, Tanaka K, Hirata Y, Nagai R, Sata M. Aliskiren in combination with valsartan exerts synergistic protective effects against ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in mice. Hypertens Res 2011; 35:62-9. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2011.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Matsushita M, Shimatani M, Ikeura T, Takaoka M, Okazaki K. ERCP for altered Roux-en-Y anatomy: a single-balloon or short double-balloon enteroscope? Endoscopy 2011; 43:169. [PMID: 21271470 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1256133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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20
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Higashikuni Y, Sainz J, Nakamura K, Takaoka M, Enomoto S, Iwata H, Sahara M, Tanaka K, Koibuchi N, Ito S, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y, Hirata Y, Nagai R, Sata M. The ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter BCRP1/ABCG2 Plays a Pivotal Role in Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction Via Modulation of Microvascular Endothelial Cell Survival and Function. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:2128-35. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.211755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
To clarify the impact of breast cancer resistance protein 1 (BCRP1)/ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) expression on cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI).
Methods and Results—
The ATP-binding cassette transporter BCRP1/ABCG2 is expressed in various organs, including the heart, and may regulate several tissue defense mechanisms. BCRP1/ABCG2 was mainly expressed in endothelial cells of microvessels in the heart. MI was induced in 8- to 12-week-old wild-type (WT) and Bcrp1/Abcg2 knockout (KO) mice by ligating the left anterior descending artery. At 28 days after MI, the survival rate was significantly lower in KO mice than in WT mice because of cardiac rupture. Echocardiographic, hemodynamic, and histological assessments showed that ventricular remodeling was more deteriorated in KO than in WT mice. Capillary, myofibroblast, and macrophage densities in the peri-infarction area at 5 days after MI were significantly reduced in KO compared with WT mice. In vitro experiments demonstrated that inhibition of BCRP1/ABCG2 resulted in accumulation of intracellular protoporphyrin IX and impaired survival of microvascular endothelial cells under oxidative stress. Moreover, BCRP1/ABCG2 inhibition impaired migration and tube formation of endothelial cells.
Conclusion—
BCRP1/ABCG2 plays a pivotal role in cardiac repair after MI via modulation of microvascular endothelial cell survival and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutomi Higashikuni
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Julie Sainz
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nakamura
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Minoru Takaoka
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Soichiro Enomoto
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwata
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Makoto Sahara
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kimie Tanaka
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Koibuchi
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sumito Ito
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sugiyama
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Hirata
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masataka Sata
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.H., J.S., K.N., M.T., S.E., H.I., M.S., K.T., N.K., Y.H., and R.N.), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics (S.I., H.K., and Y.S.), Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.S.), The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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21
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Abstract
Of the various conservative treatment modalities available for temporomandibular disorders, we believe that therapeutic exercise has a good prognosis, especially for anterior disc displacement without reduction. Since its effectiveness has not been extensively evaluated, we conducted a comparative study to verify the hypothesis that treatment efficacy would not differ for exercise and occlusal splints. Fifty-two individuals with anterior disc displacement without reduction were randomly assigned to a splint or a joint mobilization self-exercise treatment group. Four outcome variables were evaluated: (i) maximum mouth-opening range without and (ii) with pain, (iii) current maximum daily pain intensity, and (iv) limitation of daily functions. All outcome variables significantly improved after 8 weeks of treatment in both groups. In particular, the mouth opening range increased more in the exercise group than in the splint group. This result demonstrates that therapeutic exercise brings earlier recovery of jaw function compared with splints.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Haketa
- Temporomandibular Joint and Occlusion, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113–8549, Japan
| | - K. Kino
- Temporomandibular Joint and Occlusion, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113–8549, Japan
| | - M. Sugisaki
- Department of Dentistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Takaoka
- Temporomandibular Joint and Occlusion, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113–8549, Japan
| | - T. Ohta
- Temporomandibular Joint and Occlusion, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113–8549, Japan
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22
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Takaoka M, Suzuki H, Shioda S, Sekikawa K, Saito Y, Nagai R, Sata M. Endovascular Injury Induces Rapid Phenotypic Changes in Perivascular Adipose Tissue. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:1576-82. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.207175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Accumulating evidence suggests that adipose tissue not only stores energy but also secretes various bioactive substances called adipocytokines. Periadventitial fat is distributed ubiquitously around arteries throughout the body. It was reported that inflammatory changes in the periadventitial fat may have a direct role in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases accelerated by obesity. We investigated the effect of endovascular injury on the phenotype of perivascular fat.
Methods and Results—
Endovascular injury significantly upregulated proinflammatory adipocytokines and downregulated adiponectin within periadventitial fat tissue in models of mouse femoral artery wire injury and rat iliac artery balloon injury. Genetic disruption of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α attenuated upregulation of proinflammatory adipocytokine expression, with reduced neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury. Local delivery of TNF-α to the periadventitial area enhanced inflammatory adipocytokine expression, which was associated with augmented neointimal hyperplasia in TNF-α-deficient mice. Conditioned medium from a coculture of 3T3-L1 and RAW264 cells stimulated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. An anti-TNF-α neutralizing antibody in the coculture abrogated the stimulating effect of the conditioned medium.
Conclusion—
Our findings indicate that endovascular injury induces rapid and marked changes in perivascular adipose tissue, mainly mediated by TNF-α. It is suggested that the phenotypic changes in perivascular adipose tissue may have a role in the pathogenesis of neointimal hyperplasia after angioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Takaoka
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.T., R.N.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (H.S.); First Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (S.S.); PrevenTec, Tsukuba, Japan (K.S.); First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.T., R.N.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (H.S.); First Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (S.S.); PrevenTec, Tsukuba, Japan (K.S.); First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
| | - Seiji Shioda
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.T., R.N.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (H.S.); First Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (S.S.); PrevenTec, Tsukuba, Japan (K.S.); First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
| | - Kenji Sekikawa
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.T., R.N.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (H.S.); First Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (S.S.); PrevenTec, Tsukuba, Japan (K.S.); First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.T., R.N.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (H.S.); First Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (S.S.); PrevenTec, Tsukuba, Japan (K.S.); First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.T., R.N.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (H.S.); First Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (S.S.); PrevenTec, Tsukuba, Japan (K.S.); First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
| | - Masataka Sata
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.T., R.N.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (H.S.); First Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (S.S.); PrevenTec, Tsukuba, Japan (K.S.); First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan (Y.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
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Takaoka M, Fujimori T, Shiono A, Yamamoto T, Takeda N, Oshita K, Uruga T, Sun Y, Tanaka T. Formation of chlorinated aromatics in model fly ashes using various copper compounds. Chemosphere 2010; 80:144-149. [PMID: 20452643 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Various copper compounds found in fly ash are related to the formation of chlorinated aromatics. The formation potentials of chlorinated aromatics in different model fly ashes containing various copper compounds and the chemical behavior of such copper compounds were investigated. In model fly ash with copper metal, hydroxide, carbonate, or oxides, the generated amounts of chlorobenzene (CBz) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and the average chlorination numbers were low and at the same level, respectively. The maximum generated amounts of chlorinated aromatics were observed at 300 degrees C. Although X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra indicated that the chemical form of copper compounds changed little, they were found to promote the formation of chlorinated aromatics. Therefore, these copper compounds play the same role as CuO. On the other hand, in model fly ash with copper chloride, the generated amounts of CBz and PCBs were quite high and the average chlorination numbers was high. Dynamic changes were observed in XANES spectra, and the pre-edge peak attributed to monovalent copper compounds appeared at around 300 degrees C. A large difference was observed between these two groups in the amount of CuCl generated and the homologs of chlorinated aromatics present, indicating that CuCl played an important role in the formation of chlorinated aromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takaoka
- Department of Urban & Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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24
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Oshita K, Ishihara Y, Takaoka M, Takeda N, Matsumoto T, Morisawa S, Kitayama A. Behaviour and adsorptive removal of siloxanes in sewage sludge biogas. Water Sci Technol 2010; 61:2003-2012. [PMID: 20388997 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the behaviour of siloxanes, which adversely affect biogas engines, as well as their concentration levels in sewage sludge biogas in Japan. We also performed experiments on the absorptive removal of siloxanes using various adsorbents and determined the main adsorbent characteristics required for the removal of siloxanes. The results of our study on the concentration and composition of siloxanes in biogas were similar to previous reports. Moreover, we found that the concentration of siloxanes changes in relation to the outside air temperature based on real-time measurements of siloxanes using a continuous analyser. We further speculated that the continuous analyser would accurately indicate the siloxane concentration in model biogas but overestimate the siloxane concentration in actual biogas because of positive interference by VOCs and other biogas components. In the siloxane adsorption experiment, the equilibrium uptake of both cyclic siloxanes, D4 and D5, was positively related to the BET-specific surface area of the adsorbents and the fraction of the external surface area taken up by relatively large diameter pores. We attributed the adsorption results to the fact that the siloxane molecules are generally larger than micropores; therefore, they are less susceptible to adsorption to micropores. Based on these results, we concluded that adsorbents with large BET-specific surface areas, especially those with a high external specific surface area and pores of relatively large diameters, are desired for the removal of siloxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Oshita
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, C-Cluster, Kyoto University - katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
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Shimatani M, Matsushita M, Takaoka M, Koyabu M, Ikeura T, Kato K, Fukui T, Uchida K, Okazaki K. Effective "short" double-balloon enteroscope for diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP in patients with altered gastrointestinal anatomy: a large case series. Endoscopy 2009; 41:849-54. [PMID: 19750447 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1215108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is technically challenging in patients with altered gastrointestinal anatomy, a double-balloon enteroscope (DBE) permits examinations of a much longer segment of the small bowel than does a standard endoscope, and may be used to perform ERCP in such patients. Since only limited accessories are available for a conventional DBE, we performed ERCP with a "short" DBE, which has a 2.8-mm working channel and a 152-cm working length and for which conventional accessories are available, in patients with altered gastrointestinal anatomy, and evaluated this alternative technique. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 68 patients with a Roux-en-Y total gastrectomy (n = 36), Billroth II gastrectomy (n = 17), or pancreatoduodenectomy (n = 15), ERCP (103 procedures) was performed with a "short" DBE. RESULTS Deep insertion was successful in 100/103 procedures (97 %). Cholangiogram was successfully obtained in 98/100 procedures (98 %). Treatment was accomplished in all 98 procedures in which a cholangiogram was obtained (100 %). Therapeutic interventions including stone extraction (n = 47), nasobiliary drainage (n = 38), stent placement (n = 36), sphincterotomy (n = 31), choledochojejunostomy dilation (n = 29), tumor biopsy (n = 10), and naso-pancreatic duct drainage (n = 1) were performed successfully. Complications occurred in 5/103 procedures (5 %), all in patients with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS Despite the relatively high rate of complications seen in patients with Roux-en-Y reconstruction, ERCP with a "short" DBE is effective in patients who have undergone bowel reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shimatani
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1191, Japan.
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Takaoka M, Nagata D, Kihara S, Shimomura I, Kimura Y, Tabata Y, Saito Y, Nagai R, Sata M. Periadventitial adipose tissue plays a critical role in vascular remodeling. Circ Res 2009; 105:906-11. [PMID: 19762682 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.109.199653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Obesity is associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular complications. However, the molecular link between obesity and vascular disease is not fully understood. Most previous studies have focused on the association between cardiovascular disease and accumulation of visceral fat. Periadventitial fat is distributed ubiquitously around arteries throughout the body. OBJECTIVE Here, we investigated the impact of obesity on inflammation in the periadventitial adipose tissue and on lesion formation after vascular injury. METHODS AND RESULTS High-fat, high-sucrose feeding induced inflammatory changes and decreased adiponectin expression in the periadventitial adipose tissue, which was associated with enhanced neointima formation after endovascular injury. Removal of periadventitial fat markedly enhanced neointima formation after injury, which was attenuated by transplantation of subcutaneous adipose tissue from mice fed on regular chow. Adiponectin-deficient mice showed markedly enhanced lesion formation, which was reversed by local delivery, but not systemic administration, of recombinant adiponectin to the periadventitial area. The conditioned medium from subcutaneous fat attenuated increased cell number of smooth muscle cells in response to platelet derived growth factor-BB. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that periadventitial fat may protect against neointimal formation after angioplasty under physiological conditions and that inflammatory changes in the periadventitial fat may have a direct role in the pathogenesis of vascular disease accelerated by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Takaoka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsushita M, Shimatani M, Takaoka M, Okazaki K. Effective device for peroral direct cholangioscopy: double-balloon enteroscope or ultra-slim gastroscope? Endoscopy 2009; 41:730; author reply 731. [PMID: 19670146 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Takeda Y, Uemura S, Iwama H, Imagawa KI, Nishida T, Onoue K, Takemoto Y, Soeda T, Okayama S, Somekawa S, Ishigami KI, Takaoka M, Kawata H, Kubo A, Horii M, Nakajima T, Saito Y. Treatment with recombinant placental growth factor (PlGF) enhances both angiogenesis and arteriogenesis and improves survival after myocardial infarction. Circ J 2009; 73:1674-82. [PMID: 19602778 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-08-1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placental growth factor (PlGF), a homolog of vascular endothelial growth factor, is reported to stimulate angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in pathological conditions. It was recently demonstrated that PlGF is rapidly produced in myocardial tissue during acute myocardial infarction (MI). However, the effects of exogenous PlGF administration on the healing process after MI are not fully understood. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether PlGF treatment has therapeutic potential in MI. METHODS AND RESULTS Recombinant human PlGF (rhPlGF: 10 microg) was administered continuously for 3 days in a mouse model of acute MI. rhPlGF treatment significantly improved survival rate after MI and preserved cardiac function relative to control mice. The numbers of CD31-positive cells and alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive vessels in the infarct area were significantly increased in the rhPlGF group. Endothelial progenitor cells (Flk-1(+)Sca-1(+) cells) were mobilized by rhPlGF into the peripheral circulation. Furthermore, rhPlGF promoted the recruitment of GFP-labeled bone marrow cells to the infarct area, but only a few of those migrating cells differentiated into endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous PlGF plays an important role in healing processes by improving cardiac function and stimulating angiogenesis following MI. It can be considered as a new therapeutic molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiji Takeda
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Shimatani M, Matsushita M, Takaoka M, Kusuda T, Fukata N, Koyabu M, Uchida K, Okazaki K. "Short" double balloon enteroscope for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with conventional sphincterotomy and metallic stent placement after Billroth II gastrectomy. Endoscopy 2009; 41 Suppl 2:E19-20. [PMID: 19219763 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1103466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Shimatani
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Otani H, Jida M, Takaoka M, Kubo T, Hayashi T, Yamamoto H, Kiura K, Naomoto Y, Toyooka S. The effect of TAE226 on the non-small cell lung cancer including Japanese origin lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e22103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e22103 Background: Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is the predictive factor for sensitivity of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) that is the downstream molecule of EGFR has been reported to be highly expressed in NSCLC suggesting novel therapeutic target of NSCLC. TAE226, dual inhibitor for FAK and insulin like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), have been developed as anticancer reagent. In this study, we examined the effect of TAE226 on NSCLC from the view point of EGFR mutation status. Methods: We used NSCLC cell lines consisting of 4 EGFR mutant cell lines (PC9, H3255, HCC827, H1975) and 3 EGFR wild type cell lines (H1819, H1299, A549). We also used PC9 derived resistant cell line (RPC9). Antiproliferative effect of TAE226 on NSCLC cell lines was examined with MTS assay. The status of EGFR related molecules including its downstream signal pathway was investigated by western blotting analysis. The effect of TAE226 on xenograft mouse models was also examined. Results: TAE226 was effective on NSCLC cell lines with EGFR mutation including T790M mutation, compared to those with EGFR wild type. The value of IC50 (μmol/L) for PC-9, H3255, HCC827, H1975, RPC-9 and H1819, H1299, A549 was 0.16, 0.12, 0.086, 0.17, 0.31 and 4.7, 2.8, 1.4, respectively. Western blotting assay showed that TAE226 preferentially inhibited phosphor-EGFR and its downstream signaling mediators. We could confirm the anticancer effect of TAE226 on EGFR mutant cells was confirmed in xenograft mouse models. Conclusions: We indicated that TAE226 showed antitumor effect on EGFR mutant cell lines even T790M mutant cells. Further study is necessary to understand the mechanism of TAE226 effect on EGFR mutant cell lines. Our results suggest that TAE226 will be expected as the novel strategy for NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Otani
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - M. Jida
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - M. Takaoka
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - T. Kubo
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - T. Hayashi
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - H. Yamamoto
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - K. Kiura
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y. Naomoto
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - S. Toyooka
- Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Okui T, Shimo T, Kurio N, Takaoka M, Yoshioka N, Hassan N, Naomoto Y, Sasaki A. Role of mammalian target of rapamycin signalling in bone destruction by gingival squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2009.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Funasaka K, Tojo T, Katahira K, Shinya M, Miyazaki T, Kamiura T, Yamamoto O, Moriwaki H, Tanida H, Takaoka M. Detection of Pb-LIII edge XANES spectra of urban atmospheric particles combined with simple acid extraction. Sci Total Environ 2008; 403:230-234. [PMID: 18593638 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2008] [Revised: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Pb-LIII edge XANES spectra of atmospheric particles are directly obtained by fluorescent XAFS spectroscopy using a 19-element solid state detector (SSD). Particulate sample was collected on a quartz fiber filter using a high-volume air sampler, and the filter was cut into small pieces (25x25 mm). Then, surface layer of the filter piece was scaled and accumulated in order to enhance the particle density per filter unit. Use of 10 pieces of the surface layer enables the measurement of Pb-LIII edge XANES spectra on beamline BL01B1 at SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan. The shape of the Pb-LIII edge XANES spectra of the particulate sample is similar to the shapes of the spectra for PbS, PbCO(3), PbSO(4) and/or PbCl(2). Additionally, the filter sample is also divided into water-soluble, 0.1 M HCl-extractable, and residual fractions of Pb compounds by a simple acid extraction procedure. We discuss the possibility of Pb speciation in the particulate samples with combination of highly sensitive XANES spectroscopy and simple acid extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Funasaka
- Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Tojo-cho 8-34, Tennoji, Osaka 543-0026, Japan.
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Yokoyama U, Minamisawa S, Quan H, Akaike T, Jin M, Otsu K, Ulucan C, Wang X, Baljinnyam E, Takaoka M, Sata M, Ishikawa Y. Epac1 is upregulated during neointima formation and promotes vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 295:H1547-55. [PMID: 18689492 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01317.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling after mechanoinjury largely depends on the migration of smooth muscle cells, an initial key step to wound healing. However, the role of the second messenger system, in particular, the cAMP signal, in regulating such remodeling remains controversial. Exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) has been identified as a new target molecule of the cAMP signal, which is independent from PKA. We thus examined whether Epac plays a distinct role from PKA in vascular remodeling. To examine the role of Epac and PKA in migration, we used primary culture smooth muscle cells from both the fetal and adult rat aorta. A cAMP analog selective to PKA, 8-(4-parachlorophenylthio)-cAMP (pCPT-cAMP), decreased cell migration, whereas an Epac-selective analog, 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP, enhanced migration. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of PKA decreased cell migration, whereas that of Epac1 significantly enhanced cell migration. Striking morphological differences were observed between pCPT-cAMP- and 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP-treated aortic smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, overexpression of Epac1 enhanced the development of neointimal formation in fetal rat aortic tissues in organ culture. When the mouse femoral artery was injured mechanically in vivo, we found that the expression of Epac1 was upregulated in vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas that of PKA was downregulated with the progress of neointimal thickening. Our findings suggest that Epac1, in opposition to PKA, increases vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Epac may thus play an important role in advancing vascular remodeling and restenosis upon vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utako Yokoyama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Takaoka M, Norback D. Diet among Japanese female university students and asthmatic symptoms, infections, pollen and furry pet allergy. Respir Med 2008; 102:1045-54. [PMID: 18356034 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2008.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Revised: 12/04/2007] [Accepted: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study associations between diet, respiratory symptoms and allergy among female university students in Japan. METHODS A standardised questionnaire was distributed to students in Kobe and Kamakura (N=153). Multiple logistic/linear regression was applied, controlling for age, smoking, heredity and diet. RESULTS Totally 15.7% reported doctor-diagnosed asthma, 3.3% current asthma medication, 56.9% pollen allergy, 15.7% cat allergy, 11.1% dog allergy, 25.0% wheeze, 24.2% daytime and 9.3% nocturnal attacks of breathlessness. Meat consumption was related to wheeze (OR=2.00; 95% CI 1.12-3.60) and respiratory infections (OR=2.10; 95% CI 1.08-4.09). Fish consumption was related to less respiratory infections (OR=0.49; 95% CI 9.28-0.86), seafood to less pollen allergy (OR=0.66; 95% CI 0.44-0.99), and milk consumption to less daytime breathlessness (OR=0.72; 95% CI 0.55-0.95). Fast food consumption was related to wheeze (OR=1.89; 95% CI 1.23-2.91), daytime breathlessness (OR=1.50; 95% CI 1.00-2.28) and pollen allergy (OR=1.69; 95% CI 1.07-2.65). In total, 23.0% used butter, 21.7% margarine, 40.1% olive oil and 55.3% rapeseed oil. Those consuming butter (OR=2.65; 95% CI 1.11-6.32) and rapeseed oil (OR=2.35; 95% CI 1.03-5.38) had more wheeze. Those consuming margarine had more nocturnal breathlessness (OR=4.40; 95% CI 1.42-13.7). An asthma symptom score was related to fast food (p<0.05) and margarine consumption (p<0.01). Factor analysis identified five dietary patterns. A pattern including fast food, juice and soft drinks was related to wheeze and respiratory infections. CONCLUSION Fish, seafood and milk consumption seems to be beneficial, while butter, margarine, rapeseed oil, fast food and soft drinks could be risk factors for allergy and respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takaoka
- Department of Biosphere Sciences, School of Human Sciences, Kobe College, Kobe, Japan.
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Satake A, Takaoka M, Nishikawa M, Yuba M, Shibata Y, Okumura K, Kitano K, Tsutsui H, Fujii K, Kobuchi S, Ohkita M, Matsumura Y. Protective effect of 17β-estradiol on ischemic acute renal failure through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway. Kidney Int 2008; 73:308-17. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Takaoka M, Yamamoto T, Fujiwara S, Oshita K, Takeda N, Tanaka T, Uruga T. Chemical states of trace elements in sewage sludge incineration ash by using x-ray absorption fine structure. Water Sci Technol 2008; 57:411-417. [PMID: 18309220 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2008.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the chemical states of chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), and selenium (Se) in sewage sludge incineration ash were determined by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. Sewage sludge incineration ash was sampled from several facilities, and XAFS measurements were carried out with a beam line BL01B1 at the SPring-8 facility. Cr K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra suggested that Cr compounds were predominantly speciated as Cr(III) and the fraction of Cr(VI) was very minor. Compared to the reference materials, Cr XANES spectra of the incineration ashes were similar to those of FeCr2O4, Cr(OH)3, and CaCr2O4. As K-edge XANES spectra indicated that As(V) compounds were present in incineration ashes. Because the chemical state of As in sewage sludge was As3+ in our previous study, we speculated that the chemical state of As changed into As(V) during the incineration process. According to Se K-edge XANES spectra, Se compounds were predominantly Se(IV), and a slight difference was observed in the chemical states amongst facilities using inorganic or organic coagulants in the dewatering process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takaoka
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan.
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Okayama S, Uemura S, Nishida T, Morikawa Y, Onoue K, Takemoto Y, Soeda T, Somekawa S, Ishigami KI, Takeda Y, Horii M, Kawata H, Takaoka M, Nakajima T, Saito Y. Progression of Non-Culprit Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis After Acute Myocardial Infarction in Comparison with Stable Angina Pectoris. J Atheroscler Thromb 2008; 15:228-34. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.e539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Löthgren CJ, Takaoka M, Andersson S, Allard B, Korell J. Mercury Speciation in Flue Gases after an Oxidative Acid Wet Scrubber. Chem Eng Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200600172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Oyama K, Okawa T, Nakagawa H, Takaoka M, Andl CD, Kim SH, Klein-Szanto A, Diehl JA, Herlyn M, El-Deiry W, Rustgi AK. AKT induces senescence in primary esophageal epithelial cells but is permissive for differentiation as revealed in organotypic culture. Oncogene 2006; 26:2353-64. [PMID: 17043653 PMCID: PMC2996093 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression and activation is critical in the initiation and progression of cancers, especially those of epithelial origin. EGFR activation is associated with the induction of divergent signal transduction pathways and a gamut of cellular processes; however, the cell-type and tissue-type specificity conferred by certain pathways remains to be elucidated. In the context of the esophageal epithelium, a prototype stratified squamous epithelium, EGFR overexpression is relevant in the earliest events of carcinogenesis as modeled in a three-dimensional organotypic culture system. We demonstrate that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway, and not the MEK/MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, is preferentially activated in EGFR-mediated esophageal epithelial hyperplasia, a premalignant lesion. The hyperplasia was abolished with direct inhibition of PI3K and of AKT but not with inhibition of the MAPK pathway. With the introduction of an inducible AKT vector in both primary and immortalized esophageal epithelial cells, we find that AKT overexpression and activation is permissive for complete epithelial formation in organotypic culture, but imposes a growth constraint in cells grown in monolayer. In organotypic culture, AKT mediates changes related to cell shape and size with an expansion of the differentiated compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Oyama
- Gastroenterology Division and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - T Okawa
- Gastroenterology Division and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H Nakagawa
- Gastroenterology Division and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Takaoka
- Gastroenterology Division and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - CD Andl
- Gastroenterology Division and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S-H Kim
- Hematology-Oncology Division and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Klein-Szanto
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - JA Diehl
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Herlyn
- Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - W El-Deiry
- Hematology-Oncology Division and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - AK Rustgi
- Gastroenterology Division and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Takaoka M, Uemura S, Kawata H, Imagawa KI, Takeda Y, Nakatani K, Naya N, Horii M, Yamano S, Miyamoto Y, Yoshimasa Y, Saito Y. Inflammatory Response to Acute Myocardial Infarction Augments Neointimal Hyperplasia After Vascular Injury in a Remote Artery. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006; 26:2083-9. [PMID: 16778119 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000232528.93786.0a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is currently the most widely accepted treatment for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It remains unclear, however, whether post-AMI conditions might exacerbate neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis following PCI. Given that both a medial smooth muscle cell lineage and a bone marrow (BM)-derived hematopoietic stem cell lineage are now thought to contribute to neointima formation, the primary aims of the present study were to determine whether AMI augments neointimal hyperplasia at sites of arterial injury, and whether BM-derived cells contribute to that process.
Methods and Results—
We simultaneously generated models of AMI and arterial injury in the same mice, some of which had received BM transplantation. We found that AMI augments neointimal hyperplasia at sites of femoral artery injury by &35% (
P
<0.05), but that while BM-derived cells contributed to neointimal hyperplasia, they did not contribute to the AMI-related augmentation. Expression of interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA was &7-fold higher in the neointimas of mice subjected to both AMI and arterial injury than in those of mice subjected to arterial injury alone. In addition, we observed increased synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α within infarcted hearts and TNF-α receptor type 1 (TNFR1) within injured arteries. Chronic treatment with pentoxifylline, which mainly inhibits TNF-α synthesis, reduced levels of circulating TNF-α and attenuated neointimal hyperplasia after AMI.
Conclusions—
Conditions after AMI could exacerbate postangioplasty restenosis, not by increasing mobilization of BM-derived cells, but by stimulating signaling via TNF-α, TNFR1 and IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Takaoka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, 84 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan
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41
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Yamano S, Takaoka M, Saito Y. [NOS gene polymorphism]. Nihon Rinsho 2006; 64 Suppl 5:459-64. [PMID: 16895215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Yamano
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University
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42
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Iwama H, Uemura S, Naya N, Imagawa KI, Takemoto Y, Asai O, Onoue K, Okayama S, Somekawa S, Kida Y, Takeda Y, Nakatani K, Takaoka M, Kawata H, Horii M, Nakajima T, Doi N, Saito Y. Cardiac expression of placental growth factor predicts the improvement of chronic phase left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47:1559-67. [PMID: 16630991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2004] [Revised: 10/26/2005] [Accepted: 11/08/2005] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to investigate cardiac expression of placental growth factor (PlGF) and its clinical significance in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). BACKGROUND Placental growth factor is known to stimulate wound healing by activating mononuclear cells and inducing angiogenesis. The clinical significance of PlGF in AMI is not yet known. METHODS Fifty-five AMI patients and 43 control subjects participated in the study. Peripheral blood sampling was performed on days 1, 3, and 7 after AMI. Blood was also sampled from the coronary artery (CAos) and the coronary sinus (CS), before and after acute coronary recanalization. Cardiac expression of PlGF was analyzed in a mouse AMI model. RESULTS In AMI patients, peripheral plasma PlGF levels on day 3 were significantly higher than in control subjects. Plasma PlGF levels just after recanalization were significantly higher in the CS than the CAos, which indicates cardiac production and release of PlGF. Peripheral plasma levels of PlGF on day 3 were negatively correlated with the acute phase left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), positively correlated with both acute phase peak peripheral monocyte counts and chronic phase changes in LVEF. Placental growth factor messenger ribonucleic acid expression was 26.6-fold greater in a mouse AMI model than in sham-operated mice, and PlGF was expressed mainly in endothelial cells within the infarct region. CONCLUSIONS Placental growth factor is rapidly produced in infarct myocardium, especially by endothelial cells during the acute phase of myocardial infarction. Placental growth factor might be over-expressed to compensate the acute ischemic damage, and appears to then act to improve LVEF during the chronic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Iwama
- First Department of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Kato F, Kitakoji H, Oshita K, Takaoka M, Takeda N, Matsumoto T. Extraction efficiency of phosphate from pre-coagulated sludge with NaHS. Water Sci Technol 2006; 54:119-29. [PMID: 17087377 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of phosphorus from sewage and sludge treatment systems is particularly important because it is a limited resource and a large proportion of the phosphorus currently used in Japan must be imported. We have been experimentally evaluating recovery methods with sulphide. In this study, we focussed on the extraction of phosphate from the sludge, and sought to achieve a greater extraction efficiency and to validate the extraction mechanism. We conducted three experiments, i.e. a sludge-type experiment, a coagulant ratio of pre-coagulated sludge experiment, and a concentration of pre-coagulated sludge experiment. Phosphate was extracted not with normal sewage sludge but with pre-coagulated sludge and FePO4 reagent at S/Fe = 1.0-2.0. A coagulant ratio of 23mg Fe L(-1) was required in the precoagulation process to effectively extract phosphate. A high concentration of pre-coagulated sludge was required for the phosphate extraction. The mass balance was calculated, and 44.0% of phosphorus was extracted to supernatant, and 98.5% of iron and 98.3% of sulphur (44.1% of sulphur was sulphide). Thus, phosphate can be selectively separated from iron by the phosphate extraction method with NaHS, and phosphorus and iron can be recovered and reused at sewage treatment plants using ferric chloride as a coagulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kato
- Department of Urban and Environment Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Imagawa K, Okayama S, Takaoka M, Kawata H, Naya N, Nakajima T, Horii M, Uemura S, Saito Y. Inhibitory Effect of Efonidipine on Aldosterone Synthesis and Secretion in Human Adrenocarcinoma (H295R) Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2006; 47:133-8. [PMID: 16424797 DOI: 10.1097/01.fjc.0000197539.12685.f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Targeting aldosterone synthesis and/or release represents a potentially useful approach to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Aldosterone production is stimulated by angiotensin II (Ang II) or extracellular K+ and is mediated mainly by Ca2+ influx into adrenal glomerulosa cells through T-type calcium channels. We therefore examined the effects of efonidipine, a dual T-type/L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, on aldosterone secretion in the H295R human adrenocarcinoma cell line; 100 nmol/L Ang II and 10 mmol/L K+ respectively increased aldosterone secretion from H295R cells 12-fold and 9-fold over baseline. Efonidipine dose-dependently inhibited both Ang II- and K+-induced aldosterone secretion, and nifedipine, an L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, and mibefradil, a relatively selective T-type channel blocker, similarly inhibited Ang II- and K+-induced aldosterone secretion, but were much less potent than efonidipine. Efonidipine also lowered cortisol secretion most potently among these drugs. Notably, efonidipine and mibefradil also significantly suppressed Ang II- and K+-induced mRNA expression of 11-beta-hydroxylase and aldosterone synthase, which catalyze the final two steps in the aldosterone synthesis, whereas nifedipine reduced only K+-induced enzyme expression. These findings suggest that efonidipine acts via T-type Ca2+ channel blockade to significantly reduce aldosterone secretion, and that this effect is mediated, at least in part, by suppression of 11-beta-hydroxylase and aldosterone synthase expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Imagawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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45
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Naya N, Imagawa K, Okayama S, Nakajima T, Takaoka M, Takeda Y, Kawata H, Horii M, Uemura S, Saito Y. Cardioprotective Effects of Efonidipine, a Dihydropyridine T-type Calcium Channel Blocker (TCCB), in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats. J Card Fail 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2005.08.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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46
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Iwama H, Uemura S, Naya N, Imagawa KI, Takeda Y, Takaoka M, Kawata H, Horii M, Nakajima T, Saito Y. Cardiac Over-expression of Placental Growth Factor Correlates to Improvement of Chronic Phase Left Ventricular Function in Patients with Myocardial Infarction. J Card Fail 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2005.08.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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47
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Nobuhisa T, Naomoto Y, Ohkawa T, Takaoka M, Ono R, Murata T, Gunduz M, Shirakawa Y, Yamatsuji T, Haisa M, Matsuoka J, Tsujigiwa H, Nagatsuka H, Nakajima M, Tanaka N. Heparanase expression correlates with malignant potential in human colon cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2004; 131:229-37. [PMID: 15625607 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-004-0644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2004] [Accepted: 10/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Heparanase cleaves carbohydrate chains of heparan sulphate proteoglycans and is an important component of the extracellular matrix. This study was designed to determine the relation between heparanase expression and prognosis of patients with colon cancer. METHODS The study included 54 patients (35 males and 19 females) who underwent colorectal resection for colorectal cancer between January 1992 and December 1994. Expression of heparanase protein and mRNA were determined and correlated with various clinicopathological parameters. In vitro studies were also performed to examine tumor invasion and to test the effects of heparanase inhibition, and in vivo studies were performed to examine tumor metastasis and prognosis. RESULTS Heparanase expression was detected in the invasion front of the tumor in 37 of 54 (69%) colon cancer samples, whereas 17 of 54 (31%) tumors were negative. Expression of heparanase was significantly more frequent in tumors of higher TNM stage (P=0.0481), higher Dukes stage (P=0.0411), higher vascular infiltration (P=0.0146), and higher lymph vessel infiltration (P=0.0010). Heparanase expression in colon cancers correlated significantly with poor survival (P=0.0361). Heparanase-transfected colon cancer cells exhibited significant invasion compared with control-transfected colon cancer cells (P=0.001), and the peritoneal dissemination model also showed the malignant potential of heparanase-transfected cells, as assayed by number of nodules (P=0.017) and survival (P=0.0062). Inhibition of heparanase significantly reduced the invasive capacity of cancer cells (P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Heparanase is a marker for poor prognosis of patients with colon cancer and could be a suitable target for antitumor therapy in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nobuhisa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Transplant and Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Iwama H, Uemura S, Naya N, Imagawa K, Takaoka M, Kawata H, Horii M, Nakajima T, Doi N, Saito Y. 1042-84 Elevated plasma level of placental growth factor is correlated with peripheral monocyte fraction in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(04)91100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nakashima T, Yamano S, Sasaki R, Minami S, Doi K, Yamamoto J, Takaoka M, Saito Y. White-Coat Hypertension Contributes to the Presence of Carotid Arteriosclerosis. Hypertens Res 2004; 27:739-45. [PMID: 15785009 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.27.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It remains unclear whether white-coat hypertension is associated with vascular organ damage (e.g., carotid arteriosclerosis) in the same way sustained hypertension is. We therefore compared the progression of carotid arteriosclerosis among Japanese individuals showing normal blood pressures, sustained hypertension or white-coat hypertension. A total of 30 subjects (mean age, 58 years) with white-coat hypertension, 30 (mean age, 54 years) with untreated sustained hypertension who had no plaque formation in the carotid arteries, and 30 normotensive subjects (mean age, 58 years) were enrolled in this study. The white-coat and sustained hypertensive subjects were matched with respect to their clinical blood pressures, but their ambulatory blood pressures differed. Conversely, white-coat hypertensive and normotensive subjects were matched with respect to ambulatory blood pressures, but their clinical blood pressures differed. Carotid intimal-medial thickness was measured by B-mode ultrasonography, and the cross-sectional area of the common carotid artery was calculated. The three groups were similar with respect to age, sex ratio, height, laboratory data and the incidence of smoking. Body weights and body mass indexes were significantly higher among patients with sustained hypertension than among either normotensive or white-coat hypertensive patients. Intimal-medial thicknesses and carotid cross-sectional areas were similar in patients with white-coat and sustained hypertension and significantly higher than in normotensive subjects. Collectively, these findings suggest that white-coat hypertension contributed to the presence of carotid arteriosclerosis in our subjects in a manner similar to sustained hypertension. Thus, clinical evaluation of white-coat hypertension should be conducted with the potential for target organ damage in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Nakashima
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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