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Paul I, Manna S, Bera R, Paine AK, Mridha D, Gorain PC, Roychowdhury T, Poddar Sarkar M. Floral scents, specialized metabolites and stress-response activities in Heritiera fomes and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza from Sundarban mangrove ecosystem. J Plant Res 2024:10.1007/s10265-024-01527-2. [PMID: 38337083 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Floral biochemistry and stress physiology is an underexplored aspect of mangroves, which should be investigated as part of preservation and restoration efforts. A thriving true mangrove tree (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk.) and a threatened mangrove-associate species (Heritiera fomes Buch. Ham.) were studied in the Sundarban region of India for seasonal variations in floral odours, non-volatile phytochemicals, antioxidant enzyme activities, and surface water chemistry in surrounding habitat. Both species were found to exhibit significant differences in floral volatilomes, protein contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, total flavonoids, and total phenolic contents between spring and autumn blooms. The bird-pollinated flowers of B. gymnorrhiza also showed considerable seasonal differences in floral anthocyanin and proline contents, indicating vulnerability of the post-anthesis open flowers to environmental factors. Contrarily to previous findings, B. gymnorrhiza floral bouquet appeared to be enriched in various classes of volatiles - dominated by sulphurous compounds in bud stage and terpenoids in open stage. Floral anthocyanins, contributing to the striking colouration of the calyx, were found to comprise cyanidin and delphinidin derivatives. Other glycosides of cyanidin and delphinidin were detected in H. fomes flowers, contributing to visual guides to potential food rewards for pollinating insects. Floral tissue in H. fomes was found to be protected by densely overlapping layers of stellate trichomes containing sesquiterpenoids as phytoprotectants. Comparison of the two floral species suggested that H. fomes flowering is optimized to oligohaline (but not freshwater) vernal conditions; whereas B. gymnorrhiza blooms are adapted for biologically enriched (including abundant herbivores and microbial growth), mesohaline forest habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Paul
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Sourav Manna
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Ritwika Bera
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Anup Kumar Paine
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Deepanjan Mridha
- Department of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | | | - Tarit Roychowdhury
- Department of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Mousumi Poddar Sarkar
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India.
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Poddar Sarkar M, Biswas Raha A, Datta J, Mitra S. Chemotaxonomic and evolutionary perspectives of Bryophyta based on multivariate analysis of fatty acid fingerprints of Eastern Himalayan mosses. Protoplasma 2022; 259:1125-1137. [PMID: 34787717 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bryophyta comprises one of the earliest lineages of land plants that had implemented remarkable innovations to their lipid metabolic systems for successful adaptation to terrestrial habitat. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of fatty acid profiles of mosses from Eastern Himalayas with an aim to trace their chemotaxonomic and evolutionary implications. Fatty acid compositions of 40 random mosses belonging to major families of Bryophyta were explored by gas chromatographic analysis. A diverse array of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids including rare acetylenic fatty acids were detected. Hexadecanoic acid (C16:0), 9,12 (Z,Z)-octadecadienoic acid (C18:2n6) and 9,12,15 (Z,Z,Z)-octadecatrienoic acid (C18:3n3) were the predominant fatty acids in all the mosses. However, quantitative variation of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), specifically 5,8,11,14 (Z,Z,Z,Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid (C20:4n6), among the investigated mosses was the most prominent outcome. The diplolepidous members of Bryidae, especially the mosses of Hypnales, Bryales and Bartramiales contained higher amount of C20 PUFAs compared with the haplolepidous orders. Principal component analyses based on individual fatty acids and other related parameters validated C20:4n6 content and the ratio of C20:4n6/C18:2n6 as the apparent chemotaxonomic discriminants. The prevalent notion of considering 9,12,15-octadecatrien-6-ynoic acid (C18:4a) as the chemomarker of Dicranaceae has also been challenged, since the compound was detected not only in different families of Dicranales, but also in a Pottiales member, Leptodontium viticulosoides. Therefore, an ensemble of fatty acids instead of a single one can be considered as the chemical signature for taxonomic interpretation which may also be vital from an evolutionary standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Poddar Sarkar
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Anashuya Biswas Raha
- Department of Botany, Diamond Harbour Women's University, Diamond Harbour Road, Sarisha, South 24 Parganas, Sarisha, 743368, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayashree Datta
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Souvik Mitra
- Department of Botany, Darjeeling Government College, 19, Lebong Cart Road, Darjeeling, 734101, West Bengal, India.
- Department of Botany, Taki Government College, North 24 Parganas, Taki, 743429, West Bengal, India.
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Debabhuti N, Mukherjee S, Neogi S, Sharma P, Sk UH, Maiti S, Sarkar MP, Tudu B, Bhattacharyya N, Bandyopadhyay R. A study of vegetable oil modified QCM sensor to detect β-pinene in Indian cardamom. Talanta 2022; 236:122837. [PMID: 34635227 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor was developed in this study with the vegetable oil from olive (OLV-QCM) to detect an important volatile organic compound, β-pinene in Indian cardamom. Hydrophobic vegetable oil from olive, which contains oleic acid and omega-9, a monounsaturated fatty acid was found to be suitable for binding β-pinene through non-covalent bonds. The fabricated QCM sensor coating was examined with the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine its surface morphology and chemical compositions. The sensitivity, reproducibility, repeatability, and reusability were studied for the developed sensor. Notably, the sensor was observed to be highly selective towards β-pinene as compared to the other volatile components present in cardamom. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) parameters were determined as 5.57 mg L-1 and 18.57 mg L-1, respectively. Moreover, the adsorption isotherm models of the sensor were studied to validate the physical adsorption affinity towards β-pinene applying Langmuir, Freundlich, and Langmuir-Freundlich isotherm models. The sensor showed a correlation factor of 0.99 with the peak area percentage of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis for β-pinene in cardamom samples. The sensor was prepared with natural vegetable oil, unlike health hazard chemicals. In addition to this, the low-cost, easy fabrication process ensured the suitability of the sensor for practical deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilava Debabhuti
- Department of Instrumentation and Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 106, India
| | - Sumani Mukherjee
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, St. Thomas' College of Engineering and Technology, Kolkata, 700023, India
| | - Swarnali Neogi
- Department of Instrumentation and Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 106, India
| | - Prolay Sharma
- Department of Instrumentation and Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 106, India.
| | - Ugir Hossain Sk
- Clinical and Translational Research, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 026, India
| | - Soumen Maiti
- Department of Basic Science & Humanities, St. Thomas' College of Engineering and Technology, Kolkata, 700023, India
| | | | - Bipan Tudu
- Department of Instrumentation and Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 106, India
| | - Nabarun Bhattacharyya
- Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Kolkata, 700 091, India; Laboratory of Artificial Sensory Systems, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
| | - Rajib Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Instrumentation and Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 106, India; Laboratory of Artificial Sensory Systems, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
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Ray S, Deb D, Nandy A, Basu D, Aich A, Tripathi S, Roy SS, Sarkar MP. Rare and neglected rice landraces as a source of fatty acids for undernourished infants. CURR SCI INDIA 2021. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v121/i5/660-666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gautam A, Ray A, Manna S, Sarkar MP, Ghosh AR, Ray M, Ray S. Shift in phagocytosis, lysosomal stability, lysozyme activity, apoptosis and cell cycle profile in the coelomocytes of earthworm of polluted soil near a tannery field of India. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 200:110713. [PMID: 32464436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcutta Leather Complex of the state of West Bengal, India has been designated as an industrially active zone with around 400 active tannery units. This area spanning 4.5 km2 is surrounded by human habitation. The soil of this region is contaminated with metal pollutants and exhibited an alteration in selected physicochemical parameters, namely cation exchange capacity, moisture content, pH, total nitrogen, total organic carbon and water holding capacity. Metaphire posthuma, a common variety of endogeic earthworm inhabiting this region is thus continuously exposed to these toxic metals. Coelomocytes, the chief immune effector cells of earthworm presented a shift in phagocytosis, lysosomal membrane stability, lysozyme and phosphatase activity, physiological apoptosis and cell cycle profile of M. posthuma sampled from the soil of tannery industry. Presence of high concentration of toxic metals and change in the physicochemical characteristics of soil led to a state of cellular stress and immunocompromisation in M. posthuma, a common inhabitant of soil of this region. Experimental endpoints bear ecotoxicological significance as biomarkers of physiological stress in earthworm for monitoring the health of soil around this tannery industrial zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunodaya Gautam
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Abhishek Ray
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sourav Manna
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mousumi Poddar Sarkar
- Semiochemicals and Lipid Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Apurba Ratan Ghosh
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mitali Ray
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sajal Ray
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Paul K, Saha C, Nag M, Mandal D, Naiya H, Sen D, Mitra S, Kumar M, Bose D, Mukherjee G, Naskar N, Lahiri S, Das Ghosh U, Tripathi S, Sarkar MP, Banerjee M, Kleinert A, Valentine AJ, Tripathy S, Sinharoy S, Seal A. A Tripartite Interaction among the Basidiomycete Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, N 2-Fixing Endobacteria, and Rice Improves Plant Nitrogen Nutrition. Plant Cell 2020; 32:486-507. [PMID: 31757927 PMCID: PMC7008492 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) limits crop yield, and improvement of N nutrition remains a key goal for crop research; one approach to improve N nutrition is identifying plant-interacting, N2-fixing microbes. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa JGTA-S1 is a basidiomycetous yeast endophyte of narrowleaf cattail (Typha angustifolia). JGTA-S1 could not convert nitrate or nitrite to ammonium but harbors diazotrophic (N2-fixing) endobacteria (Pseudomonas stutzeri) that allow JGTA-S1 to fix N2 and grow in a N-free environment; moreover, P. stutzeri dinitrogen reductase was transcribed in JGTA-S1 even under adequate N. Endobacteria-deficient JGTA-S1 had reduced fitness, which was restored by reintroducing P. stutzeri JGTA-S1 colonizes rice (Oryza sativa), significantly improving its growth, N content, and relative N-use efficiency. Endofungal P. stutzeri plays a significant role in increasing the biomass and ammonium content of rice treated with JGTA-S1; also, JGTA-S1 has better N2-fixing ability than free-living P. stutzeri and provides fixed N to the plant. Genes involved in N metabolism, N transporters, and NODULE INCEPTION-like transcription factors were upregulated in rice roots within 24 h of JGTA-S1 treatment. In association with rice, JGTA-S1 has a filamentous phase and P. stutzeri only penetrated filamentous JGTA-S1. Together, these results demonstrate an interkingdom interaction that improves rice N nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karnelia Paul
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Chinmay Saha
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata 700020, West Bengal, India
| | - Mayurakshi Nag
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Drishti Mandal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Haraprasad Naiya
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums Namkum, Ranchi 834010, Jharkhand, India
| | - Diya Sen
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Stockholm, SE 75007, Sweden
- Computational Genomics Laboratory, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Souvik Mitra
- Department of Botany, Darjeeling Government College, Darjeeling 734101, India
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Dipayan Bose
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Gairik Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Nabanita Naskar
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Susanta Lahiri
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Upal Das Ghosh
- P.G. Department of Botany, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Sudipta Tripathi
- Agricultural Experimental Farm, Institute of Agricultural Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700144, India
| | | | - Manidipa Banerjee
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Aleysia Kleinert
- Botany & Zoology Department, University of Stellenbosch Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Alexander J Valentine
- Botany & Zoology Department, University of Stellenbosch Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Sucheta Tripathy
- Computational Genomics Laboratory, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Senjuti Sinharoy
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Anindita Seal
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
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Banerjee D, Datta Chaudhuri R, Niyogi S, Roy Chowdhuri S, Poddar Sarkar M, Chatterjee R, Chakrabarti P, Sarkar S. Metabolic impairment in response to early induction of C/EBPβ leads to compromised cardiac function during pathological hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 139:148-163. [PMID: 31958467 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pressure overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in heart is preceded by a metabolic perturbation that prefers glucose over lipid as substrate for energy requirement. Here, we establish C/EBPβ (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β) as an early marker of the metabolic derangement that triggers the imbalance in fatty acid (FA) oxidation and glucose uptake with increased lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes during pathological hypertrophy, leading to contractile dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This is the first study that shows that myocardium-targeted C/EBPβ knockdown prevents the impaired cardiac function during cardiac hypertrophy led by maladaptive metabolic response with persistent hypertrophic stimuli, whereas its targeted overexpression in control increases lipid accumulation significantly compared to control hearts. A new observation from this study was the dual and opposite transcriptional regulation of the alpha and gamma isoforms of Peroxisomal proliferator activated receptors (PPARα and PPARγ) by C/EBPβ in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes. Before the functional and structural remodeling sets in the diseased myocardium, C/EBPβ aggravates lipid accumulation with the aid of the increased FA uptake involving induced PPARγ expression and decreased fatty acid oxidation (FAO) by suppressing PPARα expression. Glucose uptake into cardiomyocytes was greatly increased by C/EBPβ via PPARα suppression. The activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex-1 (mTORC1) during increased workload in presence of glucose as the only substrate was prevented by C/EBPβ knockdown, thereby abating contractile dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. Our study thus suggests that C/EBPβ may be considered as a novel cellular marker for deranged metabolic milieu before the heart pathologically remodels itself during hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durba Banerjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Ratul Datta Chaudhuri
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sougata Niyogi
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sumedha Roy Chowdhuri
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Mousumi Poddar Sarkar
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Raghunath Chatterjee
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B T Road, Kolkata 700108, India
| | - Partha Chakrabarti
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sagartirtha Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Das D, Das P, Moniruzzaman M, Poddar Sarkar M, Mukherjee J, Chakraborty SB. Consequences of oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction on the fatty acid profile of muscle of Indian Major Carps considering metal toxicity. Chemosphere 2018; 207:385-396. [PMID: 29803888 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Current study aims to find interrelation between mitochondrial enzyme function and fatty acid profile in fish muscle and role of antioxidant agents to maintain their balance in response to metal accumulation. Fishes (Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus cirrhosus) were collected from two sites (Nalban Bheri and Diamond Harbour, India). Concentrations of metals (lead, cadmium, copper, nickel, zinc), enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase), muscle enzyme activity (acetylcholinesterase, succinate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, Ca2+ATPase, AMP-deaminase, lipoamide reductase, cytochrome C oxidase, aldolase) and fatty acid composition in muscle tissues were analyzed. Metal concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in fish muscles from Nalban compared to those in Diamond Harbour. Increased activity of antioxidant enzymes was noted with diminished mitochondrial enzymes activity and altered fatty acid composition in response to higher metal accumulation. Higher metal concentration in fish muscle of Nalban seems to significantly (P < 0.05) affect poly and monounsaturated fatty acid content, possibly due to oxidative damage and accumulation of hazardous reactive oxygen species (ROS) molecules. Changes in fatty acid contents following metal accumulation were observed to be species specific. Current study is the first correlative study to illuminate the level of oxidative damage and possible consequences on muscle cellular integrity, mitochondrial functionality and flesh quality against bioaccumulation of different metals in carps. Future studies are needed to quantify the relative contributions of enzymatic and low-molecular-mass antioxidants in protecting mitochondrial function and maintenance of proper fatty acid oxidation during acclimation to long term metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjit Das
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Payel Das
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | | | | | - Joyita Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, Krishna Chandra College, University of Burdwan, Hetampur, Birbhum 731124, West Bengal, India
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Roy Chowdhuri S, Biswas Raha A, Mitra S, Datta J, Poddar Sarkar M. "Dicranin" in the Membrane Phospholipids of a Dicranaceae and Pottiaceae Moss Member of the Eastern Himalayan Biodiversity Hotspot. Lipids 2018; 53:539-545. [PMID: 30070366 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The phospholipids of two moss samples Oreoweisia laxifolia (Hookf.) Kindb. (family-Dicranaceae Schimp.) and Leptodontium viticulosoides (P. Beauv.) Wijk & Margad (family-Pottiaceae Schimp.) of the Eastern Himalayan Biodiversity Hotspot were investigated to find out any peculiarity in their fatty acid profiles. Detailed analysis of phospholipid classes and the respective fatty acids was performed using high-performance thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An array of different saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were detected in both the samples. Although it has been proposed previously that acetylenic fatty acids are associated only with triacylglycerol of storage lipids, the most striking observation of the present investigation is the abundance of an acetylenic fatty acid, octadeca-6-yn-9,12,15-trienoic acid (18:4a), or Dicranin, in the phospholipids of both the mosses. The position of the triple bond in the hydrocarbon chain of the fatty acids was confirmed by dimethyloxazoline derivatization of fatty acids and their characteristic mass fragmentation pattern. The occurrence of Dicranin in phospholipids and in the Pottiaceae family is reported for the first time, with substantial explanations of the observed results. This may raise the issue of rethinking "Dicranin" as a chemotaxonomic marker of Dicranaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumedha Roy Chowdhuri
- Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Anashuya Biswas Raha
- Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Souvik Mitra
- Department of Botany, Darjeeling Government College, Lebong Cart Rd, Richmond Hill, Darjeeling, 734101, India
| | - Jayashree Datta
- Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Mousumi Poddar Sarkar
- Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
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Dey P, Dutta S, Biswas-Raha A, Sarkar MP, Chaudhuri TK. Haloalkane induced hepatic insult in murine model: amelioration by Oleander through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, an in vitro and in vivo study. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:280. [PMID: 27516209 PMCID: PMC4982413 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nerium oleander L. (syn. Nerium indicum Mill, Nerium odorum Aiton) belongs to the family Apocynaceae. It is used for its anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer and hepatoprotective activities in traditional medicine. Previous pharmacognostic studies suggested that 70 % hydro-methanolic extracts of oleander possess potent free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities, both of which are helpful against hepatotoxicity. METHODS Hydro-methanolic extracts of oleander stem and root were evaluated for their hepatoprotective activities in acute CCl4 intoxicated mouse through in vitro and in vivo studies. Silymarin was used as positive reference. Antioxidant enzymes, pro-inflammatory markers and liver enzymatic and biochemical parameters were studied. The extracts were further chemically characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS CCl4 toxicity caused fatty liver formation by increase of relative liver weight (32.53 g) compared to control group (16.08 g). The elevated liver enzymatic and biochemical parameters due to CCl4 toxicity were considerably normalized by the extracts treatment under both in vivo and in vitro models. Oleander stem (NOSE) and root (NORE) extracts increased the reduced hepatic catalase activity 27.37 and 25.25 %, whereas peroxidase activity was increased 18.19 and 22.78 %, respectively. The extent of lipid peroxidation was significantly (p < 0.01) lowered 20.76 % (NOSE) and 21.12 % (NORE) compared to CCl4 group. The levels of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was lowered 71.33 % (NOSE) and 61.60 % (NORE). Histopathological study demonstrated substantial reduction of hepatocellular necrosis, fatty infiltration, sinusoidal dilation, bile duct proliferation, vascular congestion, leukocyte infiltration in the silymarin and extract treated groups. Furthermore, various bioactive compounds were identified in the extracts such as apocynin, tocopherol, squalene, vanillin, isoeugenol, amyrin, lupeol etc. CONCLUSION The present study provided convincing evidence that oleander extracts possess potent hepatoprotective capacity which was primarily governed by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The collegial bioactivities of the phytochemicals may be accredited behind the hepatoprotective activity of oleander.
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Dey P, Roy Chowdhuri S, Sarkar MP, Chaudhuri TK. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity and standardisation of hydro-methanol extract of underground tuber of Dioscorea alata. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:1474-1482. [PMID: 26864460 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1104702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context The underground edible tuber of Dioscorea alata L. (Dioscoreaceae) is a functional food with high nutritive value and therapeutic potential. The tuber is known to possess anti-inflammatory properties in traditional medicine. Objective The present study explores the anti-inflammatory activity and standardisation of D. alata tuber hydromethanol extract. Materials and methods Hydromethanol extract (70%) of D. alata tuber was chemically characterised using HPLC and GC-MS techniques. Murine lymphocytes were cultured for 48 h with six different concentrations (0-80 μg/mL) of the extract. The expression of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, COX-1, COX-2, and PGE2 were evaluated using colorimetric and ELISA methods. Results Dioscorea alata extract inhibited the expression of NO and TNF-α with an IC50 value of 134.51 ± 6.75 and 113.30 ± 7.44 μg/mL, respectively. The IC50 values for inhibition of total COX, COX-1, COX-2 activities and PGE2 level were 41.96 ± 3.07, 141.41 ± 8.99, 32.50 ± 1.69, and 186.34 ± 15.36 μg/mL, respectively. Inhibition of PGE2 level and COX-2 activity was positively correlated (R(2) = 0.9393). Gallic acid (GA), 4-hydroxy benzoic acid (4HBA), syringic acid (SYA), p-coumaric acid (PCA), and myricetin (MY) were identified and quantified using HPLC. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 13 different phytocompounds such as hexadecanoic acid, methyl stearate, cinnamyl cinnamate, and squalene. Conclusion The D. alata extract significantly down-regulated the pro-inflammatory signals in a gradual manner compared with control (0 μg/mL). Different bioactive phytocompounds individually possessing anti-inflammatory activities contributed to the overall bioactivity of the D. alata tuber extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyankar Dey
- a Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology , University of North Bengal , Siliguri , West Bengal , India
| | - Sumedha Roy Chowdhuri
- b Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , West Bengal , India
| | - Mousumi Poddar Sarkar
- b Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , West Bengal , India
| | - Tapas Kumar Chaudhuri
- a Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology , University of North Bengal , Siliguri , West Bengal , India
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Dey P, Ray S, Sarkar MP, Chaudhuri TK. Chemical characterization and assessment of antioxidant potentiality of Streptocaulon sylvestre Wight, an endangered plant of sub-Himalayan plains of West Bengal and Sikkim. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:107. [PMID: 25888746 PMCID: PMC4396540 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0629-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background S. sylvestre Wright is an extremely rare plant, found only in the sub-Himalayan Terai region of West Bengal and neighboring Sikkim foot-hills. The plant has never been evaluated for any pharmaceutical properties. The phytochemical status of the plant is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of the study was to explore the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities and analysis of bioactive compounds present in S. sylvestre. Methods S. sylvestre methanolic extract (SSME) was evaluated for different free radical scavenging activities such as hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, singlet oxygen, hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite, superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging etc. Iron chelating capacity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation were studied in addition to the assessment of haemolytic activity and erythrocyte membrane stabilizing activity (EMSA). Chemical characterization of SSME were performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results The results indicate that SSME possess potent antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 113.06 ± 5.67 μg/ml, 63.93 ± 4.16 μg/ml and 142.14 ± 6.13 μg/ml for hydroxyl radical, superoxide radical and hypochlorous acid, respectively. HPLC analysis revealed presence of different phenolic secondary metabolites such as gallic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, syringic acid, myricetin, quercetin etc. GC-MS analysis displayed the predominance of γ-sitosterol, vitamin E and squalene in SSME. Conclusion The present study provides a convincing evidence that S. sylvestre not only possess potent antioxidant activity but also can be used as a source of natural bioactive phytochemicals in the future. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0629-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Dey P, Saha MR, Chowdhuri SR, Sen A, Sarkar MP, Haldar B, Chaudhuri TK. Assessment of anti-diabetic activity of an ethnopharmacological plant Nerium oleander through alloxan induced diabetes in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 161:128-137. [PMID: 25498854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nerium oleander L. (syn. Nerium indicum Mill. and Nerium odorum Aiton.) is used for its anti-diabetic properties in Pakistan, Algeria, Morocco and is also recognized in Ayurveda. The present study was undertaken to investigate the anti-diabetic capacity of a standardized hydromethanolic extract of Nerium oleander in alloxan induced diabetes in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nerium oleander leaf extract (NOLE) was orally administered at 50 and 200mg/kg body weight (BW) dose to alloxanized mice (blood glucose >200mg/dl). After 20 consecutive days of treatment, various diabetic parameters were studied and compared with untreated mice. Furthermore, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was employed to reveal the phytochemical composition of the plant extract. RESULTS NOLE demonstrated antihyperglycaemic activity by reducing 73.79% blood glucose level after 20 days of treatment. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) revealed increase in glucose tolerance as evident by 65.72% decrease in blood glucose in 3h post treatment. Percentage decrease in different liver marker enzymes were significant along with decrease in triglyceride and cholesterol levels, displaying potent antihyperlipidemic activity. Peroxidase and catalase activity in liver, kidney and skeletal muscle were significantly restored besides marked reduction in lipid peroxidation and normalization of hepatic glycogen level in the NOLE treated alloxanized mice. Different bioactive phytocompounds with potent anti-diabetic activity were identified by GC-MS and HPLC analysis. CONCLUSION The present investigation revealed that Nerium oleander possess potent anti-diabetic activity as claimed in different ethnopharmacological practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyankar Dey
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri-734013, West Bengal, India.
| | - Manas Ranjan Saha
- Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri-734013, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sumedha Roy Chowdhuri
- Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India.
| | - Arnab Sen
- Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri-734013, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mousumi Poddar Sarkar
- Chemical Signal and Lipidomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India.
| | - Biswajit Haldar
- Department of Pathology, North Bengal Medical College, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tapas Kumar Chaudhuri
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri-734013, West Bengal, India.
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