1
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Polce S, Kohn N, Ghaly M, Teckie S, V J, Hausen R, Frank D, Parashar B. SBRT after Conventional IMRT in Locally Advanced/Recurrent Head and Neck (HN) Cancers: Importance of Patient Selection. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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2
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Olazagasti C, Velazquez A, Ehrlich M, Kohn N, Seetharamu N. P61.05 Time to Loosen Up: Liberalizing Lung Cancer Screening Guidelines Might Save More Lives. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Berthold-Losleben M, Papalini S, Habel U, Losleben K, Schneider F, Amunts K, Kohn N. A short-term musical training affects implicit emotion regulation only in behaviour but not in brain activity. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:30. [PMID: 33902437 PMCID: PMC8074429 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In everyday life, negative emotions can be implicitly regulated by positive stimuli, without any conscious cognitive engagement; however, the effects of such implicit regulation on mood and related neuro-mechanisms, remain poorly investigated in literature. Yet, improving implicit emotional regulation could reduce psychological burden and therefore be clinically relevant for treating psychiatric disorders with strong affective symptomatology. Results Music training reduced the negative emotional state elicited by negative odours. However, such change was not reflected at the brain level. Conclusions In a context of affective rivalry a musical training enhances implicit regulatory processes. Our findings offer a first base for future studies on implicit emotion regulation in clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berthold-Losleben
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Division of Mental Healthcare, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - S Papalini
- Laboratory for Biological Psychology, Brain and Cognition Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - U Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - K Losleben
- Centre for Women's and Gender Studies, The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Tromsø, Norway
| | - F Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany.,University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - K Amunts
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany.,Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute of Brain Research, Heinrich Heine University, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - N Kohn
- Department for Cognitiv Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Postbus 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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4
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Olazagasti C, Aviles K, Ehrlich M, Hoilett A, Kohn N, Seetharamu N. P41.06 As Seen from the Rearview Mirror: A Retrospective Analysis of Lung Cancer Screening in Patients with Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Kohn N, Szopinska-Tokov J, Llera Arenas A, Beckmann C, Arias-Vasquez A, Aarts E. Multivariate associative patterns between the gut microbiota and large-scale brain network connectivity. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:2006586. [PMID: 34856861 PMCID: PMC8726725 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.2006586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on the gut-brain axis has accelerated substantially over the course of the last years. Many reviews have outlined the important implications of understanding the relation of the gut microbiota with human brain function and behavior. One substantial drawback in integrating gut microbiome and brain data is the lack of integrative multivariate approaches that enable capturing variance in both modalities simultaneously. To address this issue, we applied a linked independent component analysis (LICA) to microbiota and brain connectivity data.We analyzed data from 58 healthy females (mean age = 21.5 years). Magnetic Resonance Imaging data were acquired using resting state functional imaging data. The assessment of gut microbial composition from feces was based on sequencing of the V4 16S rRNA gene region. We used the LICA model to simultaneously factorize the subjects' large-scale brain networks and microbiome relative abundance data into 10 independent components of spatial and abundance variation.LICA decomposition resulted in four components with non-marginal contribution of the microbiota data. The default mode network featured strongly in three components, whereas the two-lateralized fronto-parietal attention networks contributed to one component. The executive-control (with the default mode) network was associated to another component. We found that the abundance of Prevotella genus was associated with the strength of expression of all networks, whereas Bifidobacterium was associated with the default mode and frontoparietal-attention networks.We provide the first exploratory evidence for multivariate associative patterns between the gut microbiota and brain network connectivity in healthy humans considering the complexity of both systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Kohn
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J. Szopinska-Tokov
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A. Llera Arenas
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C.F. Beckmann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A. Arias-Vasquez
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - E Aarts
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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6
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Müller N, Dresler M, Janzen G, Beckmann C, Fernández G, Kohn N. Medial prefrontal decoupling from the default mode network benefits memory. Neuroimage 2020; 210:116543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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7
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Tufano A, Kohn N, Seetharamu N, Pereira L, Kamdar D, Gabalski E, Ghaly M, Parashar B, Fantasia J, Frank D, Goncalves P. Clinicopathologic characteristics associated with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in nonsmokers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.11.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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El-Neemany D, O'Shaughnessy D, Grande D, Sajjan S, Jin C, Kohn N, Shalom D, Lind L, Winkler H. 24: Histological and biomechanical characteristics of permanent and absorbable sling mesh in a rabbit model: 3-month time point. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.01.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The "magic triangle" in surgery and other disciplines consists of the demand for increasingly gentler forms of treatment, simultaneous cost reduction and the fundamental primacy of improving the quality of results. The digitalization of medicine offers a promising opportunity to do justice to this, also in the sense of "Surgery 4.0". The aim is to create a cognitive, collaborative diagnostics and treatment environment to support the surgeon. METHODS In the sense of a "theory building" for analysis and planning, process modeling is the cornerstone for modern treatment planning. The main distinction is made between the patient model and the treatment model. The course of the actual surgical treatment can also be modeled: in principle it is possible to describe the course of an operation in such fine detail that the surgical procedure can be mapped and reproduced down to each single step, such as a single implementation of forceps. Basically, this has already been achieved. So-called neural networks also open up completely new forms of knowledge acquisition, machine learning and flexible reaction to nearly all conceivable possibilities in highly complex processes. CONCLUSION "Digitalization" is a necessary development in surgery. It offers not only countless possibilities to support the surgeon in the field of activity but also the chance of more precise data acquisition with respect to academic surgery. Modeling is an indispensable part of this and must be rigorously implemented and further developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vogel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Chirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland.
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10
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Papalini S, Michels F, Kohn N, Wegman J, van Hemert S, Roelofs K, Arias-Vasquez A, Aarts E. Stress matters: Randomized controlled trial on the effect of probiotics on neurocognition. Neurobiol Stress 2018; 10:100141. [PMID: 30937347 PMCID: PMC6430409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed. In animals, probiotics reverse gut microbiome-related alterations in depression-like symptoms, in cognition, and in hormonal stress response. However, in humans, a causal understanding of the gut-brain link in emotion and cognition is lacking. Additionally, whether the effects of probiotics on neurocognition are visible only in presence of stress, remains unclear. We investigated the effects of a multispecies probiotic (Ecologic®Barrier) on specific neurocognitive measures of emotion reactivity, emotion regulation, and cognitive control using fMRI. Critically, we also tested whether probiotics can buffer against the detrimental effects of acute stress on working memory. In a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, between-subjects intervention study, 58 healthy participants were tested once before and once after a 28-day intervention. Without stress induction, probiotics did not affect brain, behavioral, or related self-report measures. However, relative to placebo, the probiotics group did show a significant stress-related increase in working memory performance after supplementation. This change was associated with intervention-related neural changes in frontal cortex during cognitive control exclusively in the probiotics group. Overall, our results show neurocognitive effects of a multispecies probiotic in healthy women only under challenging situations, buffering against the detrimental effects of stress on cognition. We ran a randomized placebo-controlled fMRI study with a multispecies probiotic. Probiotics did not affect neurocognitive measures of emotion and cognitive control. Probiotics did affect stress-related working memory and neural correlates. Probiotics in healthy individuals can support cognition under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Papalini
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - F. Michels
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - N. Kohn
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - J. Wegman
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - K. Roelofs
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - A. Arias-Vasquez
- Radboud University Medical Center, Departments of Psychiatry, Human Genetics & Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - E. Aarts
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author. Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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11
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El-Chaar GM, Supaswud-Franks T, Venugopalan L, Kohn N, Castro-Alcaraz S. Response to "Extended-interval gentamicin administration in neonates: an over-simplified approach". J Perinatol 2016; 36:1028. [PMID: 27777409 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2016.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G M El-Chaar
- Clinical Health Professions, St. John's University, Jamaica, USA
| | | | - L Venugopalan
- Clinical Health Professions, St. John's University, Jamaica, USA
| | - N Kohn
- Clinical Health Professions, St. John's University, Jamaica, USA
| | - S Castro-Alcaraz
- Clinical Health Professions, St. John's University, Jamaica, USA
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12
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Puetz VB, Parker D, Kohn N, Dahmen B, Verma R, Konrad K. Altered brain network integrity after childhood maltreatment: A structural connectomic DTI-study. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:855-868. [PMID: 27774721 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment is associated with alterations in neural architecture that potentially put these children at increased risk for psychopathology. Alterations in white matter (WM) tracts have been reported, however no study to date has investigated WM connectivity in brain networks in maltreated children to quantify global and local abnormalities through graph theoretical analyses of DTI data. We aimed for a multilevel investigation examining the DTI-based structural connectome and its associations with basal cortisol levels of 25 children with documented maltreatment experiences before age 3, and 24 matched controls (age: 10.6 ± 1.75 years). On the global and lobar level, maltreated children showed significant reductions in global connectivity strength, local connectivity and increased path length, suggesting deviations from the small-world network architecture previously associated with psychopathology. Reductions in global connectivity were associated with placement instability, attenuated cortisol secretion and higher levels of internalizing and externalizing behaviours. Regional measures revealed lower connectivity strength especially in regions within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) in maltreated children. These findings show that childhood maltreatment is associated with systemic global neurodevelopmental alterations in WM networks next to regional alterations in areas involved in the regulation of affect. These alterations in WM organization could underlie global functional deficits and multi-symptom patterns frequently observed in children with maltreatment experiences. Hum Brain Mapp 38:855-868, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Puetz
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Parker
- Section of Biomedical Image Analysis, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - N Kohn
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - B Dahmen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - R Verma
- Section of Biomedical Image Analysis, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - K Konrad
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany.,JARA-Brain Institute II, Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, RWTH Aachen & Research Centre Juelich, Germany.,Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
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13
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Bludau S, Bzdok D, Gruber O, Kohn N, Riedl V, Sorg C, Palomero-Gallagher N, Müller V, Hoffstaedter F, Amunts K, Eickhoff S. EP 81. Medial prefrontal aberrations in major depressive disorder revealed by Cytoarchitectonically informed Voxel-based Morphometry. Clin Neurophysiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Clemens B, Wagels L, Bauchmüller M, Bergs R, Schneider F, Habel U, Kohn N. EP 64. Altered default mode: resting-state functional connectivity changes in response to social stress. Clin Neurophysiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Evler A, Scheller M, Wagels L, Bergs R, Clemens B, Kohn N, Pütz A, Voss B, Schneider F, Habel U. [Gender-inclusive care of victims of violence : The model project "Gender Gewaltkonzept" at the University Hospital Aachen]. Nervenarzt 2016; 87:746-752. [PMID: 26628043 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-015-0024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Violence is a topic of great social relevance, frequently causing tremendous health consequences for those affected and high consequential costs for health care and the national economy. The established consulting and assistance services are usually restricted to offers for ambulant supply, mainly from private agencies or societies. As a result, there is no identification and care for patients who have experienced violence and who are treated in hospital. Another deficiency is the identification and care of male victims of violence. Despite wide-ranging offers of assistance, only very few gender-specific consulting and support services have been available to date.Therefore, the model project "Gender Gewaltkonzept" was initiated at Aachen University Hospital to assess the prevalence of violence and the potential consequences of the violence experienced on the patients' health. In addition, we investigated whether males and females are in need of different supply requirements.Based on the results of the project "Gender Gewaltkonzept" so far, and on prevalence estimates proving that there is a high rate of violent experiences in both males and females, this overview is aimed at presenting the aid and protection concepts available for victims of violence, in addition to the existing deficiencies of the care system. We present approaches to resolving these deficiencies to be able to establish all-encompassing gender-appropriate support for victims of violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Evler
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland.
| | - M Scheller
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - L Wagels
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - R Bergs
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - B Clemens
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - N Kohn
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, Niederlande
- Department for Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, Niederlande
| | - A Pütz
- Frauen helfen Frauen e.V., Aachen, Deutschland
| | - B Voss
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - F Schneider
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland
- JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - U Habel
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland
- JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Deutschland
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16
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Lee J, Spinazzola RM, Kohn N, Perrin M, Milanaik RL. Sonographic screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip in preterm breech infants: do current guidelines address the specific needs of premature infants? J Perinatol 2016; 36:552-6. [PMID: 26914014 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2016.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between gestational age versus corrected age at the time of hip ultrasound with findings for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in preterm breech infants. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective medical chart review was conducted to examine hip ultrasounds of 318 premature breech infants for findings associated with DDH. RESULTS Positive findings for DDH occurred in 3/135 (2%) of infants <32 weeks gestational age and 17/183 (9%) of infants 32 to <37 weeks gestational age (odds ratio: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.79, P<0.015). No infants born <32 weeks gestational age had abnormal findings for DDH upon follow-up ultrasound. Infants <40 weeks corrected age at the time of hip ultrasound were more likely to have DDH findings compared with infants ⩾44 weeks corrected age (odds ratio: 7.83, 95% CI: 2.20 to 29.65, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Current hip ultrasonography policies that include screening of premature breech infants may need to be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - R M Spinazzola
- Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - N Kohn
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - M Perrin
- Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - R L Milanaik
- Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, Lake Success, NY, USA
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17
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Kohn N, Eickhoff S, Scheller M, Laird A, Fox P, Habel U. Corrigendum to “Neural network of cognitive emotion regulation — An ALE meta-analysis and MACM analysis”. Neuroimage 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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18
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Kohn N, Toygar T, Weidenfeld C, Berthold-Losleben M, Chechko N, Orfanos S, Vocke S, Durst A, Laoutidis ZG, Karges W, Schneider F, Habel U. In a sweet mood? Effects of experimental modulation of blood glucose levels on mood-induction during fMRI. Neuroimage 2015; 113:246-56. [PMID: 25795339 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the primary source of energy for the human brain. Previous literature has shown that varying blood glucose levels may have a strong impact on behaviour, subjective mood, and the intensity of the BOLD signal measured in fMRI. Therefore, blood glucose levels varying even within the normal range may interact with cognitive and emotional processing as well as BOLD signal. Here, in a placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study on 20 healthy women, we show that overnight fasting, compared to an elevated glucose condition, influences brain activation and the affective state during mood induction. Results indicate that our brain may compensate for low glucose levels during fasting by stronger recruitment of the brain areas relevant to the task at hand. Additionally, we systematically tested the effect of prior cognitive effort on behavioural and neural patterns and found that elevated activation is only associated with maintained performance as long as no prior cognitively challenging task is administered. Prior cognitive effort leads to deteriorated performance and a further increase in emotion-associated brain activation in the pregenual anterior and posterior cingulate, the superior frontal gyrus, and the pre-SMA. These results are in line with the strength model of self-regulation. Our results corroborate the strength model of self-regulation and extend it to affect regulation processes. Additionally, our observations suggest that experimentally controlling for fasting state or glucose levels may be beneficial, especially when studying processes that involve self-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kohn
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-6), Jülich Research Centre, Jülich, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich-Aachen, Germany.
| | - T Toygar
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Biology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Weidenfeld
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich-Aachen, Germany
| | - M Berthold-Losleben
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich-Aachen, Germany
| | - N Chechko
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich-Aachen, Germany
| | - S Orfanos
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich-Aachen, Germany
| | - S Vocke
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich-Aachen, Germany
| | - A Durst
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich-Aachen, Germany
| | - Z G Laoutidis
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstrasse 2, 40629 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - W Karges
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich-Aachen, Germany
| | - U Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich-Aachen, Germany
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Barata I, Bradburn K, Zhou J, Kohn N, Avarello J, Loscalzo K, Llovera I, Ward M. 293 Are Partents or Guardians of Children in the Emergency Department Interested in Smoking Cessation Interventions? Ann Emerg Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kohn N, Wassenberg A, Toygar T, Kellermann T, Weidenfeld C, Berthold-Losleben M, Chechko N, Orfanos S, Vocke S, Laoutidis ZG, Schneider F, Karges W, Habel U. Prolonged fasting impairs neural reactivity to visual stimulation. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 221:147-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0898-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wilhelm D, Reiser S, Kohn N, Witte M, Leiner U, Mühlbach L, Ruschin D, Reiner W, Feussner H. Comparative evaluation of HD 2D/3D laparoscopic monitors and benchmarking to a theoretically ideal 3D pseudodisplay: even well-experienced laparoscopists perform better with 3D. Surg Endosc 2014; 28:2387-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-3487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kohn N, Eickhoff SB, Scheller M, Laird AR, Fox PT, Habel U. Neural network of cognitive emotion regulation--an ALE meta-analysis and MACM analysis. Neuroimage 2013; 87:345-55. [PMID: 24220041 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 603] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive regulation of emotions is a fundamental prerequisite for intact social functioning which impacts on both well being and psychopathology. The neural underpinnings of this process have been studied intensively in recent years, without, however, a general consensus. We here quantitatively summarize the published literature on cognitive emotion regulation using activation likelihood estimation in fMRI and PET (23 studies/479 subjects). In addition, we assessed the particular functional contribution of identified regions and their interactions using quantitative functional inference and meta-analytic connectivity modeling, respectively. In doing so, we developed a model for the core brain network involved in emotion regulation of emotional reactivity. According to this, the superior temporal gyrus, angular gyrus and (pre) supplementary motor area should be involved in execution of regulation initiated by frontal areas. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may be related to regulation of cognitive processes such as attention, while the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex may not necessarily reflect the regulatory process per se, but signals salience and therefore the need to regulate. We also identified a cluster in the anterior middle cingulate cortex as a region, which is anatomically and functionally in an ideal position to influence behavior and subcortical structures related to affect generation. Hence this area may play a central, integrative role in emotion regulation. By focusing on regions commonly active across multiple studies, this proposed model should provide important a priori information for the assessment of dysregulated emotion regulation in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kohn
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain, Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich, Aachen, Germany.
| | - S B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center, Jülich, Germany; Institute for Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Scheller
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain, Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich, Aachen, Germany
| | - A R Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - P T Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA; Audie L. Murphy South Texas Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - U Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain, Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich, Aachen, Germany
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Aschettino-Manevitz DL, Ornstein RM, Meyer Sterling W, Kohn N, Fisher M. Triiodothyronine (T3) and metabolic rate in adolescents with eating disorders: Is there a correlation? Eat Weight Disord 2012; 17:e252-8. [PMID: 23221424 DOI: 10.3275/8756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the correlation between T3 and resting energy expenditure (REE) in adolescent patients with eating disorders (ED) to assess whether T3 can be used to predict metabolic rate suppression and recovery. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with ED (Anorexia Nervosa [AN], Bulimia Nervosa [BN], and Eating Disorder NOS [EDNOS]), aged 11-22 years, who had T3 and REE measured within 1 month (N=38 AN, 32 BN/EDNOS). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry (IC) and represented as the percentage of expected REE (%EREE) predicted by the Harris-Benedict equation. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationship between T3 and %EREE and how each correlates with anthropometric data, laboratory values, and diagnosis. RESULTS T3 was significantly correlated with %EREE in the AN group but not in the total population or BN/EDNOS group. In the total study population, T3 alone correlated significantly with weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI percentile, %Ideal Body Weight (%IBW), %Maximum Weight Lost (%MWL), LH, and estradiol. In the AN group, T3 and %EREE both correlated with BMI, BMI percentile, LH, and estradiol; however, only T3 correlated with %IBW and %MWL. In the BN/EDNOS group, T3 correlated with BMI, BMI percentile, %IBW, and estradiol while %EREE correlated with none. CONCLUSION In patients with AN, T3 correlated significantly with markers of malnutrition and %EREE and may serve as a surrogate measure when IC is unavailable. Following T3 during treatment of AN may assist clinicians in assessing metabolic suppression and recovery and help guide caloric prescriptions and goal weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Aschettino-Manevitz
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, 410 Lakeville Road, Suite 108, New Hyde Park, NY 11042, USA
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Gordon M, Kingsley P, Goldberg T, Koppel J, Christen E, Keehlisen L, Kohn N, Davies P. An Open-Label Exploratory Study with Memantine: Correlation between Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Cognition in Patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease (P04.198). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p04.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kohn N, Kellermann T, Gur RC, Schneider F, Habel U. Gender differences in the neural correlates of humor processing: implications for different processing modes. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:888-897. [PMID: 21320516 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Humor is a complex phenomenon of human social cognition with large inter-individual variability. Gender differences in emotion processing are a common finding in functional neuroimaging studies, and have been documented in behavioral studies of humor, but have received limited attention in functional neuroimaging studies on humor. Using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrasts with high-field (3T) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMR) we investigated 29 healthy subjects (14 female, 15 male) during the processing of humorous cartoons. In women, the ventral system implicated ín detection and appraisal of emotion was activated, including amygdala, insula, and Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC). Men showed activation in both the ventral and dorsal processing systems. The results indicate that women process humor though limbic reactivity, involving appraisal of its emotional features, while men apply more evaluative, executive resources to humor processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kohn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich, Aachen, Germany; Virtual Project House - Gender and Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - T Kellermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich, Aachen, Germany
| | - R C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, The Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center, Philadelphia, USA
| | - F Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich, Aachen, Germany
| | - U Habel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; JARA Brain - Translational Brain Medicine, Jülich, Aachen, Germany
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Shah K, Ritter G, Gupta R, Knobel D, Kohn N, Marini C, Barrera R. Comparison Of APACHE I, APACHE III, SAPS And MODS Scores In Predicting Mortality In The Surgical Intensive Care Unit. J Surg Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Llovera I, Barata I, Barton E, Ward M, Kohn N, Loscalzo K, Sama A. 164: Smoking Parents of Our Pediatric Population Are Interested In Emergency Department Smoking Cessation Interventions. Ann Emerg Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.06.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bruchfeld A, Goldstein RS, Chavan S, Patel NB, Rosas-Ballina M, Kohn N, Qureshi AR, Tracey KJ. Whole blood cytokine attenuation by cholinergic agonists ex vivo and relationship to vagus nerve activity in rheumatoid arthritis. J Intern Med 2010; 268:94-101. [PMID: 20337855 PMCID: PMC2937357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02226.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The central nervous system regulates innate immunity in part via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, a neural circuit that transmits signals in the vagus nerve that suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine production by an alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (alpha7nAChR) dependent mechanism. Vagus nerve activity is significantly suppressed in patients with autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It has been suggested that stimulating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway may be beneficial to patients, but it remains theoretically possible that chronic deficiencies in this pathway will render these approaches ineffective. METHODS Here we addressed the hypothesis that inflammatory cells from RA patients can respond to cholinergic agonists with reduced cytokine production in the setting of reduced vagus nerve activity. RESULTS Measurement of RR interval variability (heart rate variability, HRV), in RA patients (n = 13) and healthy controls (n = 10) revealed that vagus nerve activity was significantly depressed in patients. Whole blood cultures stimulated by exposure to endotoxin produced significantly less tumour necrosis factor in samples from RA patients as compared to healthy controls. Addition of cholinergic agonists (nicotine and GTS-21) to the stimulated whole blood cultures however significantly suppressed cytokine production to a similar extent in patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that it is possible to pharmacologically target the alpha7nAChR dependent control of cytokine release in RA patients with suppressed vagus nerve activity. As alpha7nAChR agonists ameliorate the clinical course of collagen induced arthritis in animals, it may be possible in the future to explore whether alpha7nAChR agonists can improve clinical activity in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bruchfeld
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Limaye SA, Horowitz SN, Thomas A, Kohn N, Mehrotra B. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly platinum for patients with unresectable/locally advanced SCCHN and comorbidities. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e16024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Llovera I, Ward M, Gong J, Firestone B, Dubon M, Sama A, Kohn N, Barata I. 259: Motivated-To-Quit Smokers Are Interested in Smoking Cessation Interventions. Ann Emerg Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.06.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Latcha S, Hong S, Gibbons N, Kohn N, Mattana J. Relationship between dialysate oxidized protein and peritoneal membrane transport properties in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23:3295-301. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfn221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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32
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Kaufman MS, Damle R, Yan X, Lebowicz Y, Johnson C, Driscoll N, Kohn N, Rai KR, Chiorazzi N. Correlation of IgVH somatic mutation and disease course in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.7068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Llovera I, Dubon M, Ward M, Dahlem K, Peress D, Litroff A, Kohn N, Drumheller B, Song C, Sama A. 136: Smoking Cessation Interventions Among Motivated-To-Quit Smokers in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.06.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Llovera I, Ward M, Dubon M, Dahlem K, Peress D, Litroff A, Sama A, Kohn N. Are Smokers Interested in Smoking Cessation Interventions in the Emergency Department? Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Goldstein R, Puerta MG, Lihong Y, Patel N, Kohn N, Lukin M, Lee D, Boah A, Chavan S, Ward M, Fishman P, Sama A, Tracey K. Cholinergic Agonists Inhibit LPS Induced Whole Blood TNF Release Ex Vivo In Patients With Severe Sepsis: A Pilot Study. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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36
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Kalbe E, Riedel O, Kohn N, Dodel R, Calabrese P, Kessler J. Sensitivität und Spezifität des „Parkinson Neuropsychometric Dementia Assessment” (PANDA): Ergebnisse der GEPAD-Studie. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-951967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lu Z, Chen TC, Zhang A, Persons KS, Kohn N, Berkowitz R, Martinello S, Holick MF. An evaluation of the vitamin D3 content in fish: Is the vitamin D content adequate to satisfy the dietary requirement for vitamin D? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2007; 103:642-4. [PMID: 17267210 PMCID: PMC2698592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that the major source of vitamin D should come from dietary sources and not sun exposure. However, the major fortified dietary source of vitamin D is milk which often does not contain at least 80% of what is stated on the label. Fish has been touted as an excellent source of vitamin D especially oily fish including salmon and mackerel. Little is known about the effect of various cooking conditions on the vitamin D content in fish. We initiated a study and evaluated the vitamin D content in several species of fish and also evaluated the effect of baking and frying on the vitamin D content. Surprisingly, farmed salmon had approximately 25% of the vitamin D content as wild salmon had. The vitamin D content in fish varied widely even within species. These data suggest that the tables that list the vitamin D content are out-of-date and need to be re-evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Lu
- Vitamin D, Skin, and Bone Research Laboratory, Departments of Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, 715 Albany Street, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Kalbe E, Kohn N, Georg H, Kessler J. Erfassung kognitiver Störungen bei neurologischen Erkrankungen unterschiedlicher Ätiologie: Gegenüberstellung des DemTects und des MMSTs. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-987737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kessler J, Calabrese P, Kohn N, Kalbe E. PANDA versus MMST: Sensitivität und Spezifität zweier Screenings in der Demenzdiagnostik bei Parkinson. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-987941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Patel N, Davidoff S, Wann L, Recchia D, Shakir N, Kohn N, Berkowski P, Hirsch B, Merwin S, Fein A, Talwar A. LONG-TERM QUALITY OF HEALTH POSTDISCHARGE IN AN ELDERLY COHORT ADMITTED WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA. Chest 2006. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.130.4_meetingabstracts.126s-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Mehrotra B, Seetharamu N, Janson D, Heller K, Myssiorek D, Pollack J, Nissel-Horowitz S, Thomas A, Kohn N. Low pretreatment hemoglobin and advanced age: Important adverse prognostic factors in head and neck cancer independent of treatment modality. A large single institutional study. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.5524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. Mehrotra
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | | | - D. Janson
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - K. Heller
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | | | - J. Pollack
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | | | - A. Thomas
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - N. Kohn
- Long Island Jewish Medcl Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY
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Reichert VC, Villano L, Folan P, Kohn N, Fein A, Schulman D, Arunabh NFN. The Cost of Smoking and Its Impact on a Cohort of Patients Undergoing the Process of Smoking Cessatio. Chest 2003. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.124.4_meetingabstracts.231s-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Kyprianou A, London D, Padilla M, Kohn N, Quinones A, Feinsilver S, Fein A, Arunabh X. Small Airway Disease, Air Trapping and Airways Responsiveness in Patients With Primary Pulmonary Hypertensio. Chest 2003. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.124.4_meetingabstracts.222s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Reichert VC, Villano L, Folan P, Kohn N, Loeber R, Fein A, Schulman D, Arunabh NFN. Endocrine Disorders Amongst a Cohort of Patients Undergoing Smoking Cessatio. Chest 2003. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.124.4_meetingabstracts.231s-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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McCloskey TW, Kohn N, Lesser M, Bakshi S, Pahwa S. Immunophenotypic analysis of HIV-infected children: alterations within the first year of life, changes with disease progression, and longitudinal analyses of lymphocyte subsets. Cytometry 2001; 46:157-65. [PMID: 11449406 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in tremendous activation of the pediatric immune system. An important component of understanding the pathogenesis of this disease is to characterize and quantify antigenic indicators of activation within the peripheral lymphocyte population. We measured T-lymphocyte activation and maturation antigens in a cohort of 112 HIV-infected children treated with antiretroviral therapy according to the current standard of care. Changes in expression of CD95, HLA-DR, and CD45RO were evident in 22 HIV-infected children younger than 1 year of age. A comparison of phenotypic profiles of children in mild, moderate, and severe immune categories revealed perturbations of CD28, CD38, CD45RA, CD45RO, CD95, and HLA-DR. Finally, a novel analysis of 56 HIV-infected children based on the repeated collection of data over time (median of seven observations over 33 months) demonstrated a strong negative correlation between the percentage CD4 and the percentage of CD45RO, CD95, and HLA-DR on both CD4 and CD8 cells. Our data implicate persistent immune activation, beginning within the first year of life, as a major driving force in the pathogenesis of perinatally acquired HIV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W McCloskey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, North Shore University Hospital, New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, New York, USA
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Gregersen PK, Kowalsky E, Kohn N, Marvin EW. Early childhood music education and predisposition to absolute pitch: teasing apart genes and environment. Am J Med Genet 2001; 98:280-2. [PMID: 11169569 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20010122)98:3<280::aid-ajmg1083>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Clinical experience suggests that 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) is effective therapy for children with active steroid-dependent Crohn's disease (CD). We report the results of a prospective, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial evaluating the combination of 6-MP and prednisone as therapy for children with newly diagnosed moderate-to-severe CD. METHODS Fifty-five children (age, 13+/-2 years) were randomized to treatment with 6-MP (1.5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) or placebo within 8 weeks of initial diagnosis. Both groups also received prednisone (40 mg/day). Prednisone dosage adjustments were based on a defined schedule determined by the change in a subject's disease activity score, and steroid administration was discontinued as remission was achieved. Study treatment with 6-MP or placebo continued for 18 months. RESULTS Groups were comparable for age, sex, and site and activity of disease. In the 6-MP group, the duration of steroid use was shorter (P<0.001) and the cumulative steroid dose lower at 6, 12, and 18 months (P<0.01). Although remission was induced in 89% of both groups, only 9% of the remitters in the 6-MP group relapsed compared with 47% of controls (P = 0.007). Growth was comparable in both groups. No clinically significant adverse events occurred, although mild leukopenia and increases in aminotransferase activity were noted in the 6-MP group. CONCLUSIONS Addition of 6-MP to a regimen of corticosteroids significantly lessens the need for prednisone and improves maintenance of remission. 6-MP should be part of the initial treatment regimen for children with newly diagnosed moderate-to-severe CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Markowitz
- Department of Pediatrics, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, New York, USA.
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Gregersen PK, Kowalsky E, Kohn N, Marvin EW. Absolute pitch: prevalence, ethnic variation, and estimation of the genetic component. Am J Hum Genet 1999; 65:911-3. [PMID: 10441595 PMCID: PMC1377995 DOI: 10.1086/302541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Goldner BG, Horwitz L, Kohn N, Lesser M, Ehrlich J, Cohen TJ, Jadonath R. The utility of quantitative body surface isoarea mapping for predicting ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1999; 22:453-61. [PMID: 10192854 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1999.tb00473.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive techniques, such as the signal averaged ECG, have been used to assess risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT). However, these methods produce false positive and negative results. The purpose of this study was to develop body surface map algorithms which would enhance prediction of susceptibility to VT. Fifty-three patients referred for programmed electrical stimulation were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent signal averaged ECG, body surface map, programmed electrical stimulation. Group I patients had no sustained inducible VT and group II patients had either inducible sustained VT at electrophysiology study or previously documented spontaneous, sustained VT. For body surface map analysis, the difference between extrema on isoarea maps was calculated and defined as the gradient range. An abnormal body surface map was defined as a QRST gradient range < or = 109 mv.ms. The mean QRST gradient range in group II was significantly < that in group I (P < 0.05). By logistic regression analysis, the presence of coronary artery disease, a QRST gradient range < or = 109 mv.ms, an EF < 40% and a signal averaged ECG QRS duration > 114 ms predicted VT. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for predicting VT susceptibility of an algorithm which combines the signal averaged ECG QRS duration and the QRST gradients were 0.93, 0.76, 0.79, and 0.91, respectively, while those for the signal averaged ECG alone were 0.52, 0.69, 0.63, and 0.59 for VT susceptibility. A combined body surface map-signal averaged ECG algorithm was more sensitive in detecting susceptibility to VT than the signal averaged ECG alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Goldner
- Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital-New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
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