1
|
Wilcox N, Dumont M, González-Neira A, Carvalho S, Joly Beauparlant C, Crotti M, Luccarini C, Soucy P, Dubois S, Nuñez-Torres R, Pita G, Gardner EJ, Dennis J, Alonso MR, Álvarez N, Baynes C, Collin-Deschesnes AC, Desjardins S, Becher H, Behrens S, Bolla MK, Castelao JE, Chang-Claude J, Cornelissen S, Dörk T, Engel C, Gago-Dominguez M, Guénel P, Hadjisavvas A, Hahnen E, Hartman M, Herráez B, Jung A, Keeman R, Kiechle M, Li J, Loizidou MA, Lush M, Michailidou K, Panayiotidis MI, Sim X, Teo SH, Tyrer JP, van der Kolk LE, Wahlström C, Wang Q, Perry JRB, Benitez J, Schmidt MK, Schmutzler RK, Pharoah PDP, Droit A, Dunning AM, Kvist A, Devilee P, Easton DF, Simard J. Author Correction: Exome sequencing identifies breast cancer susceptibility genes and defines the contribution of coding variants to breast cancer risk. Nat Genet 2023; 55:2009. [PMID: 37752376 PMCID: PMC10632125 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Wilcox
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martine Dumont
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Carvalho
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Charles Joly Beauparlant
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marco Crotti
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Penny Soucy
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Dubois
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rocio Nuñez-Torres
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eugene J Gardner
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Rosario Alonso
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Álvarez
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Caroline Baynes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Annie Claude Collin-Deschesnes
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Desjardins
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Heiko Becher
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Behrens
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose E Castelao
- Oncology and Genetics Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-SERGAS, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sten Cornelissen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE-Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Cancer Genetics and Epidemiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS) Foundation, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Team 'Exposome and Heredity,' CESP, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
| | - Andreas Hadjisavvas
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Belén Herráez
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Audrey Jung
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renske Keeman
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jingmei Li
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore City, Singapore.
| | - Maria A Loizidou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Soo Hwang Teo
- Breast Cancer Research Programme, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, UM Cancer Research Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lizet E van der Kolk
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Wahlström
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anders Kvist
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wilcox N, Dumont M, González-Neira A, Carvalho S, Joly Beauparlant C, Crotti M, Luccarini C, Soucy P, Dubois S, Nuñez-Torres R, Pita G, Gardner EJ, Dennis J, Alonso MR, Álvarez N, Baynes C, Collin-Deschesnes AC, Desjardins S, Becher H, Behrens S, Bolla MK, Castelao JE, Chang-Claude J, Cornelissen S, Dörk T, Engel C, Gago-Dominguez M, Guénel P, Hadjisavvas A, Hahnen E, Hartman M, Herráez B, Jung A, Keeman R, Kiechle M, Li J, Loizidou MA, Lush M, Michailidou K, Panayiotidis MI, Sim X, Teo SH, Tyrer JP, van der Kolk LE, Wahlström C, Wang Q, Perry JRB, Benitez J, Schmidt MK, Schmutzler RK, Pharoah PDP, Droit A, Dunning AM, Kvist A, Devilee P, Easton DF, Simard J. Exome sequencing identifies breast cancer susceptibility genes and defines the contribution of coding variants to breast cancer risk. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1435-1439. [PMID: 37592023 PMCID: PMC10484782 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Linkage and candidate gene studies have identified several breast cancer susceptibility genes, but the overall contribution of coding variation to breast cancer is unclear. To evaluate the role of rare coding variants more comprehensively, we performed a meta-analysis across three large whole-exome sequencing datasets, containing 26,368 female cases and 217,673 female controls. Burden tests were performed for protein-truncating and rare missense variants in 15,616 and 18,601 genes, respectively. Associations between protein-truncating variants and breast cancer were identified for the following six genes at exome-wide significance (P < 2.5 × 10-6): the five known susceptibility genes ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2 and PALB2, together with MAP3K1. Associations were also observed for LZTR1, ATR and BARD1 with P < 1 × 10-4. Associations between predicted deleterious rare missense or protein-truncating variants and breast cancer were additionally identified for CDKN2A at exome-wide significance. The overall contribution of coding variants in genes beyond the previously known genes is estimated to be small.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Wilcox
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martine Dumont
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Carvalho
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Charles Joly Beauparlant
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marco Crotti
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Penny Soucy
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Dubois
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rocio Nuñez-Torres
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eugene J Gardner
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Rosario Alonso
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Álvarez
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Caroline Baynes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Annie Claude Collin-Deschesnes
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Desjardins
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Heiko Becher
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Behrens
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose E Castelao
- Oncology and Genetics Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-SERGAS, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sten Cornelissen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE-Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Cancer Genetics and Epidemiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS) Foundation, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Team 'Exposome and Heredity,' CESP, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
| | - Andreas Hadjisavvas
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Belén Herráez
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Audrey Jung
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renske Keeman
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jingmei Li
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore City, Singapore.
| | - Maria A Loizidou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Soo Hwang Teo
- Breast Cancer Research Programme, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, UM Cancer Research Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lizet E van der Kolk
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Wahlström
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anders Kvist
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nyberg T, Brook MN, Ficorella L, Lee A, Dennis J, Yang X, Wilcox N, Dadaev T, Govindasami K, Lush M, Leslie G, Lophatananon A, Muir K, Bancroft E, Easton DF, Tischkowitz M, Kote-Jarai Z, Eeles R, Antoniou AC. CanRisk-Prostate: A Comprehensive, Externally Validated Risk Model for the Prediction of Future Prostate Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:1092-1104. [PMID: 36493335 PMCID: PMC9928632 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer (PCa) is highly heritable. No validated PCa risk model currently exists. We therefore sought to develop a genetic risk model that can provide personalized predicted PCa risks on the basis of known moderate- to high-risk pathogenic variants, low-risk common genetic variants, and explicit cancer family history, and to externally validate the model in an independent prospective cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a risk model using a kin-cohort comprising individuals from 16,633 PCa families ascertained in the United Kingdom from 1993 to 2017 from the UK Genetic Prostate Cancer Study, and complex segregation analysis adjusting for ascertainment. The model was externally validated in 170,850 unaffected men (7,624 incident PCas) recruited from 2006 to 2010 to the independent UK Biobank prospective cohort study. RESULTS The most parsimonious model included the effects of pathogenic variants in BRCA2, HOXB13, and BRCA1, and a polygenic score on the basis of 268 common low-risk variants. Residual familial risk was modeled by a hypothetical recessively inherited variant and a polygenic component whose standard deviation decreased log-linearly with age. The model predicted familial risks that were consistent with those reported in previous observational studies. In the validation cohort, the model discriminated well between unaffected men and men with incident PCas within 5 years (C-index, 0.790; 95% CI, 0.783 to 0.797) and 10 years (C-index, 0.772; 95% CI, 0.768 to 0.777). The 50% of men with highest predicted risks captured 86.3% of PCa cases within 10 years. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first validated risk model offering personalized PCa risks. The model will assist in counseling men concerned about their risk and can facilitate future risk-stratified population screening approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Nyberg
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark N. Brook
- Oncogenetics Team, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Ficorella
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Xin Yang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Naomi Wilcox
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tokhir Dadaev
- Oncogenetics Team, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Koveela Govindasami
- Oncogenetics Team, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Artitaya Lophatananon
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Bancroft
- Oncogenetics Team, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Genetics Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zsofia Kote-Jarai
- Oncogenetics Team, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Cancer Genetics Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Emanuels A, Heimonen J, O’Hanlon J, Kim AE, Wilcox N, McCulloch DJ, Brandstetter E, Wolf CR, Logue JK, Han PD, Pfau B, Newman KL, Hughes JP, Jackson ML, Uyeki TM, Boeckh M, Starita LM, Nickerson DA, Bedford T, Englund JA, Chu HY. Remote Household Observation for Noninfluenza Respiratory Viral Illness. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:e4411-e4418. [PMID: 33197930 PMCID: PMC7717193 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noninfluenza respiratory viruses are responsible for a substantial burden of disease in the United States. Household transmission is thought to contribute significantly to subsequent transmission through the broader community. In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, contactless surveillance methods are of particular importance. METHODS From November 2019 to April 2020, 303 households in the Seattle area were remotely monitored in a prospective longitudinal study for symptoms of respiratory viral illness. Enrolled participants reported weekly symptoms and submitted respiratory samples by mail in the event of an acute respiratory illness (ARI). Specimens were tested for 14 viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Participants completed all study procedures at home without physical contact with research staff. RESULTS In total, 1171 unique participants in 303 households were monitored for ARI. Of participating households, 128 (42%) included a child aged <5 years and 202 (67%) included a child aged 5-12 years. Of the 678 swabs collected during the surveillance period, 237 (35%) tested positive for 1 or more noninfluenza respiratory viruses. Rhinovirus, common human coronaviruses, and respiratory syncytial virus were the most common. Four cases of SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 3 households. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the circulation of respiratory viruses within households during the winter months during the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Contactless methods of recruitment, enrollment, and sample collection were utilized throughout this study and demonstrate the feasibility of home-based, remote monitoring for respiratory infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Emanuels
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jessica Heimonen
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jessica O’Hanlon
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ashley E Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Naomi Wilcox
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Denise J McCulloch
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Caitlin R Wolf
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer K Logue
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter D Han
- Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian Pfau
- Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kira L Newman
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - James P Hughes
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael L Jackson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Timothy M Uyeki
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael Boeckh
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lea M Starita
- Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Trevor Bedford
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Janet A Englund
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Helen Y Chu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heimonen J, McCulloch DJ, O'Hanlon J, Kim AE, Emanuels A, Wilcox N, Brandstetter E, Stewart M, McCune D, Fry S, Parsons S, Hughes JP, Jackson ML, Uyeki TM, Boeckh M, Starita LM, Bedford T, Englund JA, Chu HY. A remote household-based approach to influenza self-testing and antiviral treatment. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2021; 15:469-477. [PMID: 33939275 PMCID: PMC8189204 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Households represent important settings for transmission of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Current influenza diagnosis and treatment relies upon patient visits to healthcare facilities, which may lead to under‐diagnosis and treatment delays. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of an at‐home approach to influenza diagnosis and treatment via home testing, telehealth care, and rapid antiviral home delivery. Methods We conducted a pilot interventional study of remote influenza diagnosis and treatment in Seattle‐area households with children during the 2019‐2020 influenza season using pre‐positioned nasal swabs and home influenza tests. Home monitoring for respiratory symptoms occurred weekly; if symptoms were reported within 48 hours of onset, participants collected mid‐nasal swabs and used a rapid home‐based influenza immunoassay. An additional home‐collected swab was returned to a laboratory for confirmatory influenza RT‐PCR testing. Baloxavir antiviral treatment was prescribed and delivered to symptomatic and age‐eligible participants, following a telehealth encounter. Results 124 households comprising 481 individuals self‐monitored for respiratory symptoms, with 58 home tests administered. 12 home tests were positive for influenza, of which eight were true positives confirmed by RT‐PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of the home influenza test were 72.7% and 96.2%, respectively. There were eight home deliveries of baloxavir, with 7 (87.5%) occurring within 3 hours of prescription and all within 48 hours of symptom onset. Conclusions We demonstrate the feasibility of self‐testing combined with rapid home delivery of influenza antiviral treatment. This approach may be an important control strategy for influenza epidemics and pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Heimonen
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jessica O'Hanlon
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ashley E Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anne Emanuels
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Naomi Wilcox
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Scott Fry
- Ellume, East Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | | | - James P Hughes
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael L Jackson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Timothy M Uyeki
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Boeckh
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lea M Starita
- Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Trevor Bedford
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Janet A Englund
- Seattle Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Helen Y Chu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Perchetti GA, Wilcox N, Chu HY, Katz J, Khatry SK, LeClerq SC, Tielsch JM, Jerome KR, Englund JA, Kuypers J. Human Metapneumovirus Infection and Genotyping of Infants in Rural Nepal. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2021; 10:408-416. [PMID: 33137178 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piaa118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory tract infections are a serious clinical burden in infants; human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important etiological agent. We investigated genotypic variation and molecular epidemiological patterns among infants infected with HMPV in Sarlahi, Nepal, to better characterize infection in a rural, low-resource setting. METHODS Between May 2011 and April 2014, mid-nasal swabs were collected from 3528 infants who developed respiratory symptoms during a longitudinal maternal influenza vaccine study. Sequencing glycoprotein genes permitted genotyping and analyses among subtypes. RESULTS HMPV was detected by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 187 (5%) infants, with seasonality observed during fall and winter months. Phylogenetic investigation of complete and partial coding sequences for the F and G genes, respectively, revealed that 3 genotypes were circulating: A2, B1, and B2. HMPV-B was most frequently detected with a single type predominating each season. Both HMPV genotypes exhibited comparable median viral loads. Clinically significant differences between genotypes were limited to increased cough duration and general respiratory symptoms for type B. CONCLUSIONS In rural Nepal, multiple HMPV genotypes circulate simultaneously with an alternating predominance of a single genotype and definitive seasonality. No difference in viral load was detected by genotype and symptom severity was not correlated with RT-PCR cycle threshold or genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett A Perchetti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Naomi Wilcox
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Helen Y Chu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joanne Katz
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Subarna K Khatry
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project Sarlahi, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Steven C LeClerq
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project Sarlahi, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - James M Tielsch
- Department of Global Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Keith R Jerome
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Janet A Englund
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jane Kuypers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Crawford KHD, Dingens AS, Eguia R, Wolf CR, Wilcox N, Logue JK, Shuey K, Casto AM, Fiala B, Wrenn S, Pettie D, King NP, Greninger AL, Chu HY, Bloom JD. Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody Titers in the Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection. J Infect Dis 2021; 223:197-205. [PMID: 33535236 PMCID: PMC7543487 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develop neutralizing antibodies that target the viral spike protein. In this study, we quantified how levels of these antibodies change in the months after SARS-CoV-2 infection by examining longitudinal samples collected approximately 30-152 days after symptom onset from a prospective cohort of 32 recovered individuals with asymptomatic, mild, or moderate-severe disease. Neutralizing antibody titers declined an average of about 4-fold from 1 to 4 months after symptom onset. This decline in neutralizing antibody titers was accompanied by a decline in total antibodies capable of binding the viral spike protein or its receptor-binding domain. Importantly, our data are consistent with the expected early immune response to viral infection, where an initial peak in antibody levels is followed by a decline to a lower plateau. Additional studies of long-lived B cells and antibody titers over longer time frames are necessary to determine the durability of immunity to SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharine H D Crawford
- Division of Basic Sciences and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Adam S Dingens
- Division of Basic Sciences and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rachel Eguia
- Division of Basic Sciences and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Caitlin R Wolf
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Naomi Wilcox
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer K Logue
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kiel Shuey
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Amanda M Casto
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brooke Fiala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Samuel Wrenn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Deleah Pettie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Helen Y Chu
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jesse D Bloom
- Division of Basic Sciences and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Newman KL, Rogers JH, McCulloch D, Wilcox N, Englund JA, Boeckh M, Uyeki TM, Jackson ML, Starita L, Hughes JP, Chu HY. Point-of-care molecular testing and antiviral treatment of influenza in residents of homeless shelters in Seattle, WA: study protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial. Trials 2020; 21:956. [PMID: 33228787 PMCID: PMC7682130 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04871-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Influenza is an important public health problem, but data on the impact of influenza among homeless shelter residents are limited. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate whether on-site testing and antiviral treatment of influenza in residents of homeless shelters reduces influenza spread in these settings. Methods and analysis This study is a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial of on-site testing and antiviral treatment for influenza in nine homeless shelter sites within the Seattle metropolitan area. Participants with acute respiratory illness (ARI), defined as two or more respiratory symptoms or new or worsening cough with onset in the prior 7 days, are eligible to enroll. Approximately 3200 individuals are estimated to participate from October to May across two influenza seasons. All sites will start enrollment in the control arm at the beginning of each season, with routine surveillance for ARI. Sites will be randomized at different timepoints to enter the intervention arm, with implementation of a test-and-treat strategy for individuals with two or fewer days of symptoms. Eligible individuals will be tested on-site with a point-of-care influenza test. If the influenza test is positive and symptom onset is within 48 h, participants will be administered antiviral treatment with baloxavir or oseltamivir depending upon age and comorbidities. Participants will complete a questionnaire on demographics and symptom duration and severity. The primary endpoint is the incidence of influenza in the intervention period compared to the control period, after adjusting for time trends. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04141917. Registered 28 October 2019. Trial sponsor: University of Washington. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-020-04871-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kira L Newman
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, UW Medicine at South Lake Union, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Julia H Rogers
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, UW Medicine at South Lake Union, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Denise McCulloch
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, UW Medicine at South Lake Union, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Naomi Wilcox
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, UW Medicine at South Lake Union, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Janet A Englund
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, UW Medicine at South Lake Union, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Boeckh
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, UW Medicine at South Lake Union, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Timothy M Uyeki
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Lea Starita
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, UW Medicine at South Lake Union, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - James P Hughes
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, UW Medicine at South Lake Union, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Helen Y Chu
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, UW Medicine at South Lake Union, Chu Lab Room E630, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wojakowski E, Cheruvil C, Hassan A, Holsen MR, Chen L, Rossi M, Wilcox N, Woodruff AE. Albumin and bleed risk in rivaroxaban treated patients. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 50:1004-1011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02092-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
10
|
Robertson PA, Brown JS, Flanagan TA, Goldman ME, Learman LA, Stevens AE, Wilcox N. The Women's Health Curriculum by a problem-based learning method for medical students at the University of California, San Francisco. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997; 176:1368-73. [PMID: 9215199 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objectives were to (1) expand and strengthen the women's health curriculum at the University of California, San Francisco, and (2) evaluate the responses of both medical students and faculty to this curriculum. STUDY DESIGN A written evaluation of the curriculum in women's health was completed by both students and faculty. Variables studied included mean scores of cases, the overall course score, and the preferences of medical students for faculty specialty in teaching the small groups. RESULTS The overall course evaluation score was 7.81 (range 1 to 10). For those students who had both faculty from internal medicine or family medicine and obstetrics and gynecology, there was a strong preference that obstetrician-gynecologists teach the majority of the cases. CONCLUSIONS The new case-based curriculum in women's health was enthusiastically received by both medical students and faculty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P A Robertson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bradlaw J, Gupta K, Green S, Hill R, Wilcox N. Practical application of non-whole animal alternatives: summary of IRAG workshop on eye irritation testing. Interagency Regulatory Alternatives Group. Food Chem Toxicol 1997; 35:175-8. [PMID: 9100821 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(96)00110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In November 1993, the Interagency Regulatory Alternatives Group (IRAG) sponsored a workshop to examine the current scientific status of alternatives to the Draize eye irritation test by assessing the current practical application of methods used to predict in vivo eye irritation. Laboratories from around the world were invited to submit detailed in vitro and in vivo data in parallel according to a specific set of guidelines in a consistent format. In vitro scores were compared with individual tissue scores. Over 60 data sets from 41 laboratories were received for 29 different test methods. Methods were grouped into five categories: organotypic models, chorioallantoic membrane-based assays, cell function-based assays, cytotoxicity assays and other systems. Data submissions and correlation analyses have been used to demonstrate the application of guidelines in method evaluations. Findings are summarized and future directions are indicated. A significant outcome of the workshop was the co-operation demonstrated among representatives of industry, academia and government in sharing test data on more than 2000 chemicals, products and product formulations for evaluation by their peers. Information obtained from this workshop will add to the weight of scientific evidence and scientific consensus about in vitro test methods and will establish credibility for regulatory acceptance of non-whole animal alternatives for ocular irritation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Bradlaw
- US Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC 20204, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The inclusion of the Defensive Functioning Scale (DFS) in the DSM-IV provides clinicians with the opportunity to incorporate psychodynamic information into their descriptive diagnoses. The DFS contains 27 specific defenses covering six levels of defensive functioning ranging from psychotic to normal. This study undertook an initial empirical evaluation of the DFS. A sample of 100 clinicians completed a questionnaire containing both the personality disorder (PD) symptoms and the DFS defenses of PD patients known to them, DFS ratings were not related to clinician orientation. Patient gender was related to only one defense level, with women being assigned significantly more action level defenses than men. Multiple regression analyses revealed unique and meaningful patterns of association between the defense levels and PD symptoms. Additionally, the DFS ratings provided unique information regarding level of impairment and treatment success. These results provide initial empirical support for the clinical application and relevance of the proposed DFS system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Blais
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
O'Brien T, Wilcox N, Kersch T. Refractory pelvic stress fracture in a female long-distance runner. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 1995; 24:710-3. [PMID: 8548266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Stress fractures of the pelvis are uncommon. They tend to occur in female long-distance runners. We present the case of a female jogger with amenorrhea and osteoporosis who presented with left hip and groin pain. An initial bone scan yielded normal results. Symptoms persisted and subsequent plain radiographs and a repeat bone scan revealed evidence of public rami stress fractures. She developed a delayed union that ultimately healed with an electrical bone growth stimulator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T O'Brien
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Naval Hospital, Pensacola, Florida, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The authors studied T-groups offered in psychiatric residency programs in the United States in 1992. A 32-item questionnaire was sent to the residency training directors of 297 psychiatric programs and 34% responded. Results of the questionnaire are presented and their possible implications are discussed. These include: (1) programs that offer T-group value it as indicated by the time allotted to it, the quality of the T-group leaders, and the objectives within the residency program it seeks to accomplish; (2) 45% of respondents not offering T-groups cite negative attitudes toward T-groups (theirs or their residents) as a reason for this decision; (3) T-group, often equated with psychodynamic process, may have suffered the same recent deemphasis as has the teaching of psychodynamic psychotherapy; (4) and T-group, by its very nature, has educational as well as therapeutic features, a combination that creates tensions with regard to the T-group contract, especially the items having to do with confidentiality and attendance. The authors suggest group therapy will be a primary treatment modality in the coming years of economic constraint. They also recommend making a case to residency training directors for T-group and its inclusion in psychiatric curricula.
Collapse
|
15
|
Flowers JH, Wilcox N. The effect of flanking context on visual classification: the joint contribution of interactions at different processing levels. Percept Psychophys 1982; 32:581-91. [PMID: 7167358 DOI: 10.3758/bf03204214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|