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Ma R, Kanders E, Sundh UB, Geng M, Ek P, Zetterqvist O, Li JP. Mutational study of human phosphohistidine phosphatase: effect on enzymatic activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 337:887-91. [PMID: 16219293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2005] [Accepted: 09/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although protein histidine phosphorylation is estimated to account for about 6% of total protein phosphorylation in eukaryotes, knowledge on histidine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation is still limited. Recently, a few reports have appeared on a mammalian 14-kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase, also named protein histidine phosphatase. Molecular cloning of the protein has opened possibilities for exploring its properties and physiological role. In the present work, we have searched for potential active site residues in the human phosphohistidine phosphatase by point mutations of conserved histidine and arginine residues to alanine. When assayed by the phosphohistidine-containing peptide succinyl-Ala-His(P)-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide, mutants H53A and H102A showed no detectable activity. Compared to the wild-type recombinant enzyme, the specific activity of mutant R45A was decreased by one order of magnitude, that of mutant R78A was decreased by about 30%, while that of mutant H81A was essentially unchanged. These results will facilitate future studies of the reaction mechanism, substrate binding, and molecular structure of the phosphohistidine phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Ma
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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2
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Ek P, Pettersson G, Ek B, Gong F, Li JP, Zetterqvist O. Identification and characterization of a mammalian 14-kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase. Eur J Biochem 2002; 269:5016-23. [PMID: 12383260 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein histidine phosphorylation in eukaryotes has been sparsely studied compared to protein serine/threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation. In an attempt to rectify this by probing porcine liver cytosol with the phosphohistidine-containing peptide succinyl-Ala-His(P)-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide (phosphopeptide I), we observed a phosphatase activity that was insensitive towards okadaic acid and EDTA. This suggested the existence of a phosphohistidine phosphatase different from protein phosphatase 1, 2A and 2C. A 1000-fold purification to apparent homogeneity gave a 14-kDa phosphatase with a specific activity of 3 micro mol.min-1.mg-1 at pH 7.5 with 7 micro m phosphopeptide I as substrate. Partial amino-acid sequence determination of the purified porcine enzyme by MS revealed similarity with a human sequence representing a human chromosome 9 gene of hitherto unknown function. Molecular cloning from a human embryonic kidney cell cDNA-library followed by expression and purification, yielded a protein with a molecular mass of 13 700 Da, and an EDTA-insensitive phosphohistidine phosphatase activity of 9 micro mol.min-1.mg-1 towards phosphopeptide I. No detectable activity was obtained towards a set of phosphoserine-, phosphothreonine-, and phosphotyrosine peptides. Northern blot analysis indicated that the human phosphohistidine phosphatase mRNA was present preferentially in heart and skeletal muscle. These results provide a new tool for studying eukaryotic histidine phosphorylation/dephosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Ek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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3
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Tomkinson B, Grehn L, Fransson B, Zetterqvist O. Use of a dehydroalanine-containing peptide as an efficient inhibitor of tripeptidyl peptidase II. Arch Biochem Biophys 1994; 314:276-9. [PMID: 7979365 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1994.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tripeptidyl peptidase II is an intracellular exopeptidase, which has been purified from rat liver and human erythrocytes. An efficient specific inhibitor was obtained through beta-elimination of phosphate from the phosphopeptide Arg-Ala-Ser(P)-Val-Ala. The dehydroalanine-containing peptide formed was a competitive inhibitor with a Ki of 0.02 +/- 0.01 microM. This study demonstrated that replacing a serine residue in a good inhibitor with a dehydroalanine residue reduced the Ki 45 times. It is proposed that dehydroalanine-containing peptides could be of interest in the development of inhibitors for other peptidases as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tomkinson
- Department of Veterinary Medical Chemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala
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4
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Muluh JP, Titanji VP, Zetterqvist O. Phosphoprotein patterns in Onchocerca volvulus developmental stages. Ups J Med Sci 1994; 99:39-49. [PMID: 7810028 DOI: 10.3109/03009739409179349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Living females and microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus incubated in culture medium containing [32P]orthophosphate were observed to phosphorylate their proteins rapidly. Patterns of phosphoproteins in extracts from these labelled parasites were compared after two dimensional electrophoresis and autoradiography. Protein extracts from eggs, microfilariae and adult females of O. volvulus were phosphorylated in the presence of [gamma-32P]ATP, magnesium acetate, and added cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase or the endogenous protein kinase present in the extracts. Patterns of phosphoproteins were compared after separation by single and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography. Common phosphopeptide bands were observed when phosphorylated extracts from adult females, microfilariae and eggs were compared. However, extracts from eggs displayed unique phosphorylated polypeptides of M(r) 30,000 and 34,000 that were absent from the extracts from microfilariae. Furthermore, two phosphorylated polypeptides of M(r) 47,000 and 76,000 were detected in extracts from microfilariae but not from eggs. These results indicate that O. volvulus parasites may phosphorylate different proteins at different stages of their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Muluh
- Biotechnology Centre, Yaoundé, Sweden
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5
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Rosén J, Tomkinson B, Pettersson G, Zetterqvist O. A human serine endopeptidase, purified with respect to activity against a peptide with phosphoserine in the P1' position, is apparently identical with prolyl endopeptidase. J Biol Chem 1991; 266:3827-34. [PMID: 1995635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work describes the detection, purification, and characterization of a serine endopeptidase with preference for a phosphoserine in the P1' position of the substrate. During probing for the enzyme in crude extracts, as well as during its 64,000-fold purification, 32P-labeled guanidovaleryl-Arg-Ala-Ser(P)-isobutyl amide (I) was used to measure the cleavage of the Ala-Ser(P) bond. With this substrate, kcat was 1.7 s-1 and Km was 30 microM at the pH optimum, 7.5. The enzyme was classified as a serine peptidase from its reaction with a set of inhibitors, among which diisopropyl fluorophosphate was effective at low (20 microM) concentration. The endopeptidase showed an Mr of 74,000 under native as well as denaturing and reducing conditions, indicating that the native enzyme consists of only one major polypeptide chain. The molecular size and inhibition profile suggested identity of this enzyme with prolyl endopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.26). This was supported by its activity against specific substrates, such as succinyl-Gly-Pro-Leu-Pro-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (kcat = 7.2 s-1 and Km = 290 microM), and by the inhibition of the latter activity by I. Compared with the cleavage of 100 microM I, Gly-Val-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser-Val-Ala-Gln-Leu, after phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase, was cleaved at the Ala-Ser(P) bond at a relative rate of 0.43, while cleavage of the Ala-Ser bond of the unphosphorylated undecapeptide was undetectable, i.e. less than 0.03. The pentapeptide Arg-Arg-Pro-Ser-Val was rapidly cleaved at the Pro-Ser bond (relative rate, 2.2). Still, the cleavage of the Pro-Ser(P) bond of the corresponding phosphorylated pentapeptide was even higher (relative rate, 4.0). These data suggest that phosphorylation of a serine residue in the P1' position of at least a few substrates of prolyl endopeptidase will increase the rate of their cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rosén
- Department of Medical and Physiological Chemistry, University of Uppsala, Sweden
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Rosén J, Tomkinson B, Pettersson G, Zetterqvist O. A human serine endopeptidase, purified with respect to activity against a peptide with phosphoserine in the P1' position, is apparently identical with prolyl endopeptidase. J Biol Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)67868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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7
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Abstract
Tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPP II) is a large intracellular exopeptidase with an active site of the subtilisin type. Affinity-purified hen antibodies against human erythrocyte TPP II cross-reacted with fibronectin in an immunoblot analysis. Furthermore, antibodies against human fibronectin cross-reacted with TPP II. Antibodies against a 65 kDa cell-binding fragment of fibronectin specifically reacted with TPP II, whereas antibodies against the collagen-binding domain, the main heparin-binding domain or the N-terminal fibrin-binding domain did not react. Moreover, the affinity-purified antibodies against TPP II reacted with a 105 kDa cell-binding fragment of fibronectin but not with the fibrin-binding domain or the collagen-binding domain. When native TPP II was dissociated into smaller units through dialysis against a dilute Tris buffer, it could be digested by chymotrypsin into three stable fragments of 70 kDa, 42 kDa and 20 kDa. It could be demonstrated that the 42 kDa fragment was specifically recognized by antibodies against the 65 kDa cell-binding fragment of fibronectin. Furthermore, labelling with di-[3H]isopropyl phosphorofluoridate and N-terminal sequence determination showed that the 70 kDa fragment contained the active-site serine residue. In conclusion, our findings suggest that one domain of the TPP II molecule bears structural resemblance to a cell-binding fragment of fibronectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tomkinson
- Department of Medical and Physiological Chemistry, University of Uppsala, Sweden
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8
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Macpherson E, Tomkinson B, Bålöw RM, Höglund S, Zetterqvist O. Supramolecular structure of tripeptidyl peptidase II from human erythrocytes as studied by electron microscopy, and its correlation to enzyme activity. Biochem J 1987; 248:259-63. [PMID: 3481262 PMCID: PMC1148527 DOI: 10.1042/bj2480259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tripeptidyl peptidase II is an extralysosomal serine peptidase of an unusually large size, i.e. Mr greater than 10(6) for the native enzyme and Mr 135000 for the subunit. The enzyme from human erythrocytes was studied by electron microscopy on samples negatively stained by ammonium molybdate. Two different structural representations of the purified enzyme were obtained, both with a length of about 50 nm, and consisting of repetitive substructures. Upon dialysis of the enzyme against a Tris/HCl buffer, the activity was gradually decreased. This decrease was shown to parallel the dissociation of the large enzyme structures into smaller ones, the smallest measuring 3 nm by 10 nm and apparently corresponding to the repetitive substructures. The results indicate that a large polymeric form of the enzyme is a prerequisite for full activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Macpherson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Uppsala, Sweden
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9
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Tomkinson B, Wernstedt C, Hellman U, Zetterqvist O. Active site of tripeptidyl peptidase II from human erythrocytes is of the subtilisin type. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987; 84:7508-12. [PMID: 3313395 PMCID: PMC299325 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.21.7508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present report presents evidence that the amino acid sequence around the serine of the active site of human tripeptidyl peptidase II is of the subtilisin type. The enzyme from human erythrocytes was covalently labeled at its active site with [3H]diisopropyl fluorophosphate, and the protein was subsequently reduced, alkylated, and digested with trypsin. The labeled tryptic peptides were purified by gel filtration and repeated reversed-phase HPLC, and their amino-terminal sequences were determined. Residue 9 contained the radioactive label and was, therefore, considered to be the active serine residue. The primary structure of the part of the active site (residues 1-10) containing this residue was concluded to be Xaa-Thr-Gln-Leu-Met-Asx-Gly-Thr-Ser-Met. This amino acid sequence is homologous to the sequence surrounding the active serine of the microbial peptidases subtilisin and thermitase. These data demonstrate that human tripeptidyl peptidase II represents a potentially distinct class of human peptidases and raise the question of an evolutionary relationship between the active site of a mammalian peptidase and that of the subtilisin family of serine peptidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tomkinson
- Department of Medical and Physiological Chemistry, University of Uppsala, Sweden
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10
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Titanji VP, Zetterqvist O. Detection of protein kinase substrates in extracts of Onchocerca volvulus. Acta Trop 1986; 43:343-8. [PMID: 2882661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Extracts of Onchocerca volvulus were phosphorylated in the presence of (gamma 32P)ATP and Mg2+ by endogenous protein kinase activity and exogenous rabbit muscle catalytic sub-unit of the adenosine 3'5' monophosphate dependent protein kinase (E.C. 2.7.1.37). Sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of the 32P-labelled extracts revealed at least seven (32P)-phosphoproteins with apparent Mr of 92,000; 86,000; 40,000; 27,000; 26,000; 23,000 and 17,000. The phosphorylation of the components with apparent Mr of 23,000 and 17,000 was catalysed by both endogenous and exogenous protein kinases, whereas the other components required exogenous protein kinase for their phosphorylation. The endogenous protein kinase activity was inhibited by suramin and the heat-stable protein inhibitor of the adenosine 3'5' monophosphate dependent protein kinase. The (32P)phosphoproteins identified in this investigation are probably candidate regulatory molecules in O. volvulus; though their physiological functions remain to be determined.
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Bålöw RM, Tomkinson B, Ragnarsson U, Zetterqvist O. Purification, substrate specificity, and classification of tripeptidyl peptidase II. J Biol Chem 1986; 261:2409-17. [PMID: 3511062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An extralysosomal tripeptide-releasing aminopeptidase was recently discovered in rat liver (Bålöw, R.-M., Ragnarsson, U., and Zetterqvist, O. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 11622-11628). In the present work this tripeptidyl peptidase is shown to occur in several rat tissues and in human erythrocytes. The erythrocyte enzyme was purified about 80,000-fold from a hemolysate while the rat liver enzyme was purified about 4,000-fold from a homogenate. Upon polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate under reducing conditions more than 90% of the protein was represented by a polypeptide of Mr 135,000 in both cases. In addition, the two enzymes eluted at similar positions in the various chromatographic steps, showed similar specific activity, and had a pH optimum around 7.5. A tryptic pentadecapeptide from the alpha-chain of human hemoglobin, Val-Gly-Ala-His-Ala-Gly-Glu-Tyr-Gly-Ala-Glu-Ala-Leu-Glu-Arg, i.e. residues 17-31, was found to be sequentially cleaved by the erythrocyte enzyme into five tripeptides, beginning from the NH2 terminus. Chromogenic tripeptidylamides showed various rates of hydrolysis at pH 7.5. With Ala-Ala-Phe-4-methyl-7-coumarylamide, Km was 16 microM and Vmax 13 mumol min-1 . mg-1, comparable to the standard substrate Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser(32P)-Val-Ala values (Km 13 microM and Vmax 24 mumol . min-1 . mg-1). The tripeptidyl peptidase of human erythrocytes was classified as a serine peptidase from its irreversible inhibition by phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride and diisopropyl fluorophosphate. The rate of inhibition was decreased by the presence of an efficient competitive inhibitor, Val-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser-Val-Ala (Ki 1.5 microM). [3H]Diisopropylphosphate was incorporated to the extent of 0.7-0.9 mol/mol of Mr 135,000 subunit, which confirms the high purity of the enzyme.
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12
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Bålöw RM, Tomkinson B, Ragnarsson U, Zetterqvist O. Purification, substrate specificity, and classification of tripeptidyl peptidase II. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)35951-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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13
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Hider RC, Ragnarsson U, Zetterqvist O. The role of the phosphate group for the structure of phosphopeptide products of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase. Biochem J 1985; 229:485-9. [PMID: 2994637 PMCID: PMC1145081 DOI: 10.1042/bj2290485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
By c.d. studies it is shown that liver-pyruvate-kinase-related peptide substrates of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase have a high tendency towards non-random structures in non-aqueous media. When phosphorylated, the conformation tendencies decrease. This structural change is explained in terms of the formation of strong intrapeptide phosphate-guanidinium salt links. It is proposed that similar events occur at the catalytic site of protein kinase and that such an interaction could facilitate the removal of the phosphorylated products.
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14
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Engström L, Ekman P, Humble E, Ragnarsson U, Zetterqvist O. Detection and identification of substrates for protein kinases: use of proteins and synthetic peptides. Methods Enzymol 1984; 107:130-54. [PMID: 6503712 DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(84)07008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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15
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Bålöw RM, Ragnarsson U, Zetterqvist O. Tripeptidyl aminopeptidase in the extralysosomal fraction of rat liver. J Biol Chem 1983; 258:11622-8. [PMID: 6352701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
An enzyme which removes tripeptides from the free, NH2-terminal end of oligopeptides has been detected in the extralysosomal fraction of rat liver. The enzyme was partially purified by Sepharose CL-4B and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The pH optimum was in the neutral range and the apparent native molecular weight was above 10(6), as judged by the Sepharose chromatography. The enzyme cleaved the phosphopeptide Gly-Val-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser(P)-Val-Ala (I), first at the Leu-Arg bond and then at the Ala-Ser(P) bond. The cleavage of the former bond was inhibited by Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser(P)-Val-Ala (II), which indicated that both bonds were cleaved by the same enzyme. Km for II was 0.01 mM at pH 6.5-7.5. Val-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser(P)-Val-Ala (III) and Leu - Arg - Arg - Ala - Ser(P)-Val-Ala were poor substrates. III was, however, found to be an efficient inhibitor. The Ala-Ser(P) bond of Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser(P)-Val (IV) was cleaved at the same rate as that of II. The enzyme was active also with the unphosphorylated peptides corresponding to II and IV and tolerated the substitution of lysine for the NH2-terminal arginine of the latter peptide. Substitution of guanidovaleric acid for the NH2-terminal arginine of IV and of guanidovaleric acid or epsilon-amino-hexanoic acid for the NH2-terminal arginine of unphosphorylated IV reduced the rate of hydrolysis to insignificant levels, demonstrating the importance of a free NH2 terminus. The results provide evidence of a unique tripeptidyl aminopeptidase.
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17
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Fransson B, Ragnarsson U, Zetterqvist O. Separation of basic, hydrophilic peptides by reversed-phase ion-pair chromatography. II. Analytical applications with particular reference to phosphoserine peptides. Anal Biochem 1982; 126:174-8. [PMID: 6295207 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(82)90125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Titanji VP, Ragnarsson U, Humble E, Zetterqvist O. Phosphopeptide substrates of a phosphoprotein phosphatase from rat liver. J Biol Chem 1980; 255:11339-43. [PMID: 6254966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The substrate specificity of a preparation of phosphoprotein phosphatase (Mr = 32 000) from rat liver was investigated. Phosphopeptides based on the structure Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser(P)-Val-Ala-Glx-Leu and Ala-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-Ser-Gly-Ser(P)-Val-Tyr-Glu-Pro-Leu-Lys were used. These phosphopeptides correspond to the phosphorylation sites of rat liver pyruvate kinase (type L) and the beta subunit of rabbit muscle phosphorylase b kinase, respectively. A decrease in the apparent Km values and a concomitant increase in Vmax values was observed when the number of amino acyl residues after the phosphoseryl residue in the respective phosphopeptides were increased from 2 to 4, 5, or 6. Most of the phosphopeptides investigated generally showed apparent Km values higher than the values obtained with phosphopyruvate kinase. Ala-Ser(P)-Val-Ala and Gly-Ser(P)-Val-Tyr appeared to be the shortest phosphopeptides that could be dephosphorylated rapidly. These findings support the hypothesis that a small part of the phosphoprotein may be sufficient to fulfill the minimal requirements for its dephosphorylation.
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Titanji VP, Zetterqvist O, Engström L. A highly purified rat-liver phosphoprotein phosphatase preparation with activity towards phosphopyruvate kinase (type L). FEBS Lett 1980; 111:209-13. [PMID: 6244181 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)80795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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22
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Edlund B, Zetterqvist O, Ragnarsson U, Engström L. Phosphorylation of synthetic peptides by (32P)ATP and cyclic GMP-stimulated protein kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1977; 79:139-44. [PMID: 200235 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(77)90071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Titanji VP, Zetterqvist O, Ragnarsson U. Activity of rat-liver phosphoprotein phosphatase on phosphopeptides formed in the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase reaction. FEBS Lett 1977; 78:86-90. [PMID: 194795 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(77)80279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Zetterqvist O, Ragnarsson U, Humble E, Berglund L, Engström L. The minimum substrate of cyclic AMP-stimulated protein kinase, as studied by synthetic peptides representing the phosphorylatable site of pyruvate kinase (type L) of rat liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976; 70:696-703. [PMID: 180994 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(76)90648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Titanji VP, Zetterqvist O, Engstroöm L. Regulation in vitro of rat liver pyruvate kinase by phosphorylation-dephosphorylation reactions, catalyzed by cyclic-AMP dependent protein kinases and a histone phosphatase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1976; 422:98-108. [PMID: 174740 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(76)90011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. Cyclic-AMP dependent protein kinases, resolved by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and hydroxylapatite, catalysed the phosphorylation of rat liver pyruvate kinase and calf thymus histones by [gamma32P]ATP. [32P]phosphopeptides, from acid hydrolysates of pyruvate kinase phosphorylated by the different protein kinase fractions, displayed identical electrophoretic patterns. Phosphorylation inhibited pyruvate kinase activity. 2. Full activity was restored when phosphorylated pyruvate kinase was dephosphorylated by a histone phosphatase from the soluble fraction of rat liver. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that pyruvate kinase is regulated by phosphorylation-dephosphorylation reactions.
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Edlund B, Andersson J, Titanji V, Dahlqvist U, Ekman P, Zetterqvist O, Engstoöm L. Amino acid sequence at the phosphorylated site of rat liver pyruvate kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1975; 67:1516-21. [PMID: 1106423 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(75)90198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Humble E, Berglund L, Titanji V, Ljungström O, Edlund B, Zetterqvist O, Engström L. Non-dependence on native structure of pig liver pyruvate kinase when used as a substrate for cyclic 3',5'-AMP-stimulated protein kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1975; 66:614-21. [PMID: 170925 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(75)90554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Mårdh S, Zetterqvist O. Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions of bovine brain (Na+-K+)-stimulated ATP phosphohydrolase studied by a rapid mixing technique. Biochim Biophys Acta 1974; 350:473-83. [PMID: 4277061 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(74)90523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mårdh S, Zetterqvist O. Phosphorylation of bovine brain Na + , K + -stimulated ATP phosphohydrolase by adenosine ( 32 P)triphosphate studied by a rapid-mixing technique. Biochim Biophys Acta 1972; 255:231-8. [PMID: 4258775 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(72)90025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mårdh S, Ljungström O, Högstedt S, Zetterqvist O. Studies on a rat-liver cell-sap protein yielding 3-[32P]-phosphohistidine after incubation with [32P]ATP and alkaline hydrolysis. Identification of the protein as ATP citrate lyase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1971; 251:419-26. [PMID: 11452885 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(71)90131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
1. The rat-liver cell-sap material from which 3-[32P]phosphohistidine was previously isolated after incubation with [gamma-32P]ATP and alkaline hydrolysis, was shown to increase about 6-fold on a high-carbohydrate diet. This increase in 32P labelling corresponded to the increase in ATP citrate lyase activity of livers of rats fed on a high-carbohydrate diet, as reported by others. 2. ATP citrate lyase [ATP:citrate oxaloacetate-lyase (CoA-acetylating and ATP-dephopshorylating), EC 4.1.3.8] was purified from rat liver essentially according to the method of Plowman and Cleland (J. Biol. Chem., 242 (1967) 4239). The purified enzyme was incubated for a short time at 0 degree with [gamma-32P]ATP in the presence of 20 mM magnesium acetate. The phosphorylated protein was hydrolysed in alkali and the main part of the radioactivity was identified as 3-[32P]phosphohistidine. The identity of the phosphorylated amino acid was established by Dowex-1 chromatography, paper electrophoresis, paper chromatography and by analysis of the stability to acid. 3. It is concluded from these and previous results from this laboratory that ATP citrate lyase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ATP:nucleoside diphosphate phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.4.6) account for most of the normal rat-liver cell-sap protein which is rapidly phosphorylated by ATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mårdh
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, University of Uppsala, Box 551, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden
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Rask L, Wålinder O, Zetterqvist O, Engström L. Protein-bound phosphorylthreonine in some tissues and organisms. Biochim Biophys Acta 1970; 221:107-13. [PMID: 4919728 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(70)90201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Edlund B, Rask L, Olsson P, Wålinder O, Zetterqvist O, Engström L. Preparation of crystalline nucleoside diphosphate kinase from baker's yeast and identification of 1-[32P]phosphohistidine as the main phosphorylated product of an alkaline hydrolysate of enzyme incubated with adenosine [32P]triphosphate. Eur J Biochem 1969; 9:451-5. [PMID: 5806496 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1969.tb00630.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Wålinder O, Zetterqvist O, Engström L. Intermediary phosphorylation of bovine liver nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Studies with a rapid mixing technique. J Biol Chem 1969; 244:1060-4. [PMID: 5769178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Wålinder O, Zetterqvist O, Engström L. Purification of a bovine liver protein rapidly phosphorylated by adenosine triphosphate. Isolation of 1-32P-phosphoistidine, 3-32P-phosphohistidine, and N-epsilon-32P-phospholysine from 32P-labeled protein. J Biol Chem 1968; 243:2793-8. [PMID: 5651649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Zetterqvist O, Engström L. Isolation of N-e-[32P]phosphoryl-lysine from rat-liver cell sap after incubation with [32P]adenosine triphosphate. Biochim Biophys Acta 1967; 141:523-32. [PMID: 6049515 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(67)90181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Zetterqvist O. Further studies on acid-labile [32P]phosphate bound to high-molecular weight material from rat-liver cell sap after incubation with [32P]adenosine triphosphate. Biochim Biophys Acta 1967; 141:533-9. [PMID: 6049516 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(67)90182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Zetterqvist O. Studies on acid-labile [32P]phosphate in different chromatographic fractions of high-molecular weight material from rat-liver cell sap after incubation with [32P]adenosine tri-phosphate. Biochim Biophys Acta 1967; 141:540-6. [PMID: 6049517 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(67)90183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Zetterqvist O. Isolation of I-[32P]phosphohistidine from rat-liver cell sap after incubation with [32P]adenosine triphosphate. Biochim Biophys Acta 1967; 136:279-85. [PMID: 6049495 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(67)90073-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Zetterqvist O, Engström L. Isolation of [32P]phosphohistidine from different rat-liver cell fractions after incubation with [32P]adenosine triphosphate. Biochim Biophys Acta 1966; 113:520-30. [PMID: 5916334 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-6593(66)80010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Wählby S, Zetterqvist O, Engström L. Reaction of two enzyme fractions from Streptomyces griseus protease with diisopropylphosphoro-fluoridate. Acta Chem Scand 1965; 19:1247-8. [PMID: 5850139 DOI: 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.19-1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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