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Leonardi A, Donato A, Rosani U, Di Stefano A, Cavarzeran F, Brun P. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response in Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:23. [PMID: 38597723 PMCID: PMC11008754 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is an ocular allergic disease characterized by a type 2 inflammation, tissue remodeling, and low quality of life for the affected patients. We investigated the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response in VKC. Methods Conjunctival imprints from VKC patients and normal subjects (CTs) were collected, and RNA was isolated, reverse transcribed, and analyzed with the Affymetrix microarray. Differentially expressed genes between VKC patients and CTs were evaluated. Genes related to ER stress, apoptosis, and autophagy were further considered. VKC and CT conjunctival biopsies were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with specific antibodies against unfolded protein response (UPR), apoptosis, and inflammation. Conjunctival fibroblast and epithelial cell cultures were exposed to the conditioned medium of activated U937 monocytes and analyzed by quantitative PCR for the expression of UPR, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammatory markers. Results ER chaperones HSPA5 (GRP78/BiP) and HYOU1 (GRP170) were upregulated in VKC patients compared to CTs. Genes encoding for ER transmembrane proteins, PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), ER-associated degradation (ERAD), and autophagy were upregulated, but not those related to apoptosis. Increased positive reactivity of BiP and ATF6 and unchanged expression of apoptosis markers were confirmed by IHC. Cell cultures in stress conditions showed an overexpression of UPR, proinflammatory, apoptosis, and autophagy markers. Conclusions A significant overexpression of genes encoding for ER stress, UPR, and pro-inflammatory pathway components was reported for VKC. Even though these pathways may lead to ER homeostasis, apoptosis, or inflammation, ER stress in VKC may predominantly contribute to promote inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Leonardi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alice Donato
- Histology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Istituto Scientifico di Veruno, Veruno, Italy
| | - Fabiano Cavarzeran
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Histology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Mehrbod P, Brun P, Rosani U, Leonardi A, Ghavami S. Evaluation of Autophagy in Conjunctival Fibroblasts. Methods Mol Biol 2024. [PMID: 38499918 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2024_523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a serious eye allergy characterized by poorly understood pathogenic mechanisms and a lack of effective treatments. Autophagy, a process involved in both triggering and suppressing immune and inflammatory responses, plays a role in VKC's pathophysiology. Understanding autophagy's involvement in VKC could lead to new treatment possibilities, such as utilizing specific topical substances to induce or inhibit autophagy and prevent severe complications of this eye condition. In our current protocol, we present a robust methodology established in our laboratory for studying autophagy in primary conjunctival fibroblasts. We assess autophagy through techniques like immunocytochemistry, immunoblotting, and qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Department of Influenza and Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology Unit, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Umberto Rosani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Leonardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
- Academy of Silesia, Faculty of Medicine, Katowice, Poland.
- Research Institutes of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Leonardi A, Cavarzeran F, Rosani U, Righetti G, Garrigue JS, Brun P. Correlation between gene expression and clinical scores in vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Allergy 2024; 79:513-515. [PMID: 37792793 DOI: 10.1111/all.15903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Leonardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabiano Cavarzeran
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Umberto Rosani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Righetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Donato A, Di Stefano A, Freato N, Bertocchi L, Brun P. Inhibition of Pro-Fibrotic Molecules Expression in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis-Derived Lung Fibroblasts by Lactose-Modified Hyaluronic Acid Compounds. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:138. [PMID: 38201803 PMCID: PMC10780654 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic inflammatory and fibrotic pathological condition with undefined effective therapies and a poor prognosis, partly due to the lack of specific and effective therapies. Galectin 3 (Gal-3), a pro-fibrotic ß-galactoside binding lectin, was upregulated in the early stages of the pathology, suggesting that it may be considered a marker of active fibrosis. In the present in vitro study, we use Hylach®, a lactose-modified hyaluronic acid able to bind Gal-3, to prevent the activation of lung myofibroblast and the consequent excessive ECM protein cell expression. Primary human pulmonary fibroblasts obtained from normal and IPF subjects activated with TGF-β were used, and changes in cell viability, fibrotic components, and pro-inflammatory mediator expression at both gene and protein levels were analyzed. Hylach compounds with a lactosylation degree of about 10% and 30% (Hylach1 and Hylach 2), administrated to TGF-β-stimulated lung fibroblast cultures, significantly downregulated α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) gene expression and decreased collagen type I, collagen type III, elastin, fibronectin gene and protein expression to near baseline values. This anti-fibrotic activity is accompanied by a strong anti-inflammatory effect and by a downregulation of the gene expression of Smad2 for both Hylachs in comparison to the native HA. In conclusion, the Gal-3 binding molecules Hylachs attenuated inflammation and TGF-β-induced over-expression of α-SMA and ECM protein expression by primary human lung fibroblasts, providing a new direction for the treatment of pulmonary fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Donato
- Histology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia Dell’apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, 28010 Veruno, Italy;
| | | | | | - Paola Brun
- Histology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
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Bernabè G, Brun P, Pietra GD, Zatta V, Asad S, Meneghello S, Cordioli G, Lavezzo E, Valente E, Mietto S, Besutti V, Castagliuolo I. Prevalence and virulence potential of Aeromonas spp. isolated from human diarrheal samples in North East Italy. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0080723. [PMID: 37855641 PMCID: PMC10715124 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00807-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In this work, we demonstrate the epidemiologic relevance of the Aeromonas genus as the cause of infective diarrhea in North East Italy, both in children and adult subjects, with the significative presence of highly pathogenic strains. Aeromonas strains possess a heterogeneous armamentarium of pathogenicity factors that allows the microbe to affect a wide range of human intestinal epithelial cell processes that justify the ability to induce diarrhea through different mechanisms and cause diseases of variable severity, as observed for other gastrointestinal pathogens. However, it remains to be determined whether specific genotype(s) are associated with clinical pictures of different severity to implement the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this relevant enteric pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Zatta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Shirin Asad
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Meneghello
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Lavezzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Microbiology Unit of Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Mietto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valeria Besutti
- Microbiology Unit of Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Microbiology Unit of Padua University Hospital, Padova, Italy
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Faggian M, Bernabè G, Pauletto A, Loschi F, Tezze C, Merlo R, Merlo L, Sut S, Ferrarese I, Brun P, Castagliuolo I, Peron G, Dall'Acqua S. Nutraceutical formulation for immune system modulation: Active constituents, in vitro antibacterial and immunomodulatory activity, and metabolomics analysis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5883-5896. [PMID: 37926430 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a large demand for nutraceuticals in the market and studies related to their action are needed. In this paper, the antimicrobial activity and the immunomodulatory effect of a nutraceutical formulation containing 14.39% of ascorbic acid, 7.17% of coenzyme Q10, 1.33% of Echinacea polyphenols, 0.99% of pine flavan-3-ols, 0.69% of resveratrol and 0.023% of Echinacea alkylamides were studied using in vitro assays and cell-based metabolomics. Chromatographic analysis allowed us to study the nutraceutical composition. The antibacterial activity was evaluated on S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, H. influenzae, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis. The immunomodulatory activity was assessed on human macrophages and dendritic cells. The production of IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-10 and IL-8 was evaluated on culture medium by ELISA and the activation/maturation of dendritic cells with cytofluorimetric analysis. Treated and untreated macrophages and dendritic cell lysates were analysed by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry, and results were compared using multivariate data analysis to identify biological markers related to the treatment with the food supplement. The food supplement decreased K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and M. catharralis growth, reduced the inflammatory response in macrophages exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and modulated the activation and maturation of the dendritic cells. Oxidized phospholipids were identified as the main biological markers of treated cell lysates, compared with controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Anthony Pauletto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Loschi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Caterina Tezze
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefania Sut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Irene Ferrarese
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Microbiology Unit of Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Gregorio Peron
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Unired srl, Padova, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Sbricoli L, Schiavon L, Brunello G, Brun P, Becker K, Sivolella S. Efficacy of different mouthwashes against COVID-19: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Jpn Dent Sci Rev 2023; 59:334-356. [PMID: 37854066 PMCID: PMC10579871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness of antiseptic mouthwashes in reducing SARS-CoV-2 load clinically and in vitro. A systematic electronic search (MEDLINE/Scopus/Cochrane) was conducted to identify prospective clinical and in vitro studies published between 2019 included and 16 June 2023 assessing the effectiveness of mouthwashes in reducing SARS-CoV-2 load in saliva or surrogates. Data were summarized in tables and a network meta-analysis was performed for clinical trials. Thirty-five studies (14 RCTs, 21 in vitro) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was judged to be high for 2 clinical and 7 in vitro studies. The most commonly test product was chlorhexidine alone or in combination with other active ingredients, followed by povidone-iodine, hydrogen peroxide and cetylpyridinium chloride. Overall, the descriptive analysis revealed the effectiveness of the mouthwashes in decreasing the salivary viral load both clinically and in vitro. Network meta-analysis demonstrated a high degree of heterogeneity. Among these studies, only chlorhexidine 0.20% was associated to a significant Ct increase in the saliva 5 min after rinsing compared to non-active control (p = 0.027). Data from clinical and in vitro studies suggested the antiviral efficacy of commonly used mouthwashes. Large well-balanced trials are needed to identify the best rinsing protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Sbricoli
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Lucia Schiavon
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Brunello
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Kathrin Becker
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefano Sivolella
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
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Levra S, Rosani U, Gnemmi I, Brun P, Leonardi A, Carriero V, Bertolini F, Balbi B, Profita M, Ricciardolo FLM, Di Stefano A. Impaired autophagy in the lower airways and lung parenchyma in stable COPD. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00423-2023. [PMID: 38111541 PMCID: PMC10726222 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00423-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing evidence of autophagy activation in COPD, but its role is complex and probably regulated through cell type-specific mechanisms. This study aims to investigate the autophagic process at multiple levels within the respiratory system, using different methods to clarify conflicting results reported so far. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on bronchial biopsies and peripheral lung samples obtained from COPD patients (30 and 12 per sample type, respectively) and healthy controls (25 and 22 per sample type, respectively), divided by smoking history. Subjects were matched for age and smoking history. We analysed some of the most important proteins involved in autophagosome formation, such as LC3 and p62, as well as some molecules essential for lysosome function, such as lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the autophagic process in both sample types. ELISA and transcriptomic analysis were performed on lung samples. Results We found increased autophagic stimulus in smoking subjects, regardless of respiratory function. This was revealed by immunohistochemistry through a significant increase in LC3 (p<0.01) and LAMP1 (p<0.01) in small airway bronchiolar epithelium, alveolar septa and alveolar macrophages. Similar results were obtained in bronchial biopsy epithelium by evaluating LC3B (p<0.05), also increased in homogenate lung tissue using ELISA (p<0.05). Patients with COPD, unlike the others, showed an increase in p62 by ELISA (p<0.05). No differences were found in transcriptomics analysis. Conclusions Different techniques, applied at post-transcriptional level, confirm that cigarette smoke stimulates autophagy at multiple levels inside the respiratory system, and that autophagy failure may characterise COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Levra
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Rosani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Isabella Gnemmi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (Novara), Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology Unit, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Leonardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Vitina Carriero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Mirella Profita
- Section of Palermo, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (IFT-CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Section of Palermo, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (IFT-CNR), Palermo, Italy
- Severe Asthma and Rare Lung Disease Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Turin, Italy
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (Novara), Italy
- These authors contributed equally
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Iobbi V, Parisi V, Bernabè G, De Tommasi N, Bisio A, Brun P. Anti-Biofilm Activity of Carnosic Acid from Salvia rosmarinus against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3679. [PMID: 37960038 PMCID: PMC10647425 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The Salvia rosmarinus "Eretto Liguria" ecotype was studied as a source of valuable bioactive compounds. LC-MS analysis of the methanolic extract underlined the presence of diterpenoids, triterpenoids, polyphenolic acids, and flavonoids. The anti-virulence activity of carnosic acid along with the other most abundant compounds against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was evaluated. Only carnosic acid induced a significant reduction in the expression of agrA and rnaIII genes, which encode the key components of quorum sensing (QS), an intracellular signaling mechanism controlling the virulence of MRSA. At a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL, carnosic acid inhibited biofilm formation by MRSA and the expression of genes involved in toxin production and made MRSA more susceptible to intracellular killing, with no toxic effects on eukaryotic cells. Carnosic acid did not affect biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a human pathogen that often coexists with MRSA in complex infections. The selected ecotype showed a carnosic acid content of 94.3 ± 4.3 mg/g. In silico analysis highlighted that carnosic acid potentially interacts with the S. aureus AgrA response regulator. Our findings suggest that carnosic acid could be an anti-virulence agent against MRSA infections endowed with a species-specific activity useful in multi-microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Iobbi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy;
| | - Valentina Parisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.P.); (N.D.T.)
| | - Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; (G.B.); (P.B.)
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.P.); (N.D.T.)
| | - Angela Bisio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy;
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; (G.B.); (P.B.)
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Bellato M, Cappellato M, Longhin F, Del Vecchio C, Brancaccio G, Cattelan AM, Brun P, Salaris C, Castagliuolo I, Di Camillo B. Uncover a microbiota signature of upper respiratory tract in patients with SARS-CoV-2 + . Sci Rep 2023; 13:16867. [PMID: 37803040 PMCID: PMC10558486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, forced us to face a pandemic with unprecedented social, economic, and public health consequences. Several nations have launched campaigns to immunize millions of people using various vaccines to prevent infections. Meanwhile, therapeutic approaches and discoveries continuously arise; however, identifying infected patients that are going to experience the more severe outcomes of COVID-19 is still a major need, to focus therapeutic efforts, reducing hospitalization and mitigating drug adverse effects. Microbial communities colonizing the respiratory tract exert significant effects on host immune responses, influencing the susceptibility to infectious agents. Through 16S rDNAseq we characterized the upper airways' microbiota of 192 subjects with nasopharyngeal swab positive for SARS-CoV-2. Patients were divided into groups based on the presence of symptoms, pneumonia severity, and need for oxygen therapy or intubation. Indeed, unlike most of the literature, our study focuses on identifying microbial signatures predictive of disease progression rather than on the probability of infection itself, for which a consensus is lacking. Diversity, differential abundance, and network analysis at different taxonomic levels were synergistically adopted, in a robust bioinformatic pipeline, highlighting novel possible taxa correlated with patients' disease progression to intubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bellato
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Cappellato
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Longhin
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Del Vecchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cattelan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Salaris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Camillo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
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Di Stefano A, Rosani U, Levra S, Gnemmi I, Brun P, Maniscalco M, D’Anna SE, Carriero V, Bertolini F, Ricciardolo FLM. Bone Morphogenic Proteins and Their Antagonists in the Lower Airways of Stable COPD Patients. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1304. [PMID: 37887014 PMCID: PMC10603834 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and their antagonists are involved in the tissue development and homeostasis of various organs. OBJECTIVE To determine transcriptomic and protein expression of BMPs and their antagonists in stable COPD. METHODS We measured the expression and localization of BMPs and some relevant antagonists in bronchial biopsies of stable mild/moderate COPD (MCOPD) (n = 18), severe/very severe COPD (SCOPD) (n = 16), control smokers (CS) (n = 13), and control non-smokers (CNS) (n = 11), and in lung parenchyma of MCOPD (n = 9), CS (n = 11), and CNS (n = 9) using immunohistochemistry and transcriptome analysis, in vitro after the stimulation of the 16HBE cells. RESULTS In bronchial biopsies, BMP4 antagonists CRIM1 and chordin were increased in the bronchial epithelium and lamina propria of COPD patients. BMP4 expression was decreased in the bronchial epithelium of SCOPD and MCOPD compared to CNS. Lung transcriptomic data showed non-significant changes between groups. CRIM1 and chordin were significantly decreased in the alveolar macrophages and alveolar septa in COPD patients. External 16HBE treatment with BMP4 protein reduced the bronchial epithelial cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS These data show an imbalance between BMP proteins and their antagonists in the lungs of stable COPD. This imbalance may play a role in the remodeling of the airways, altering the regenerative-reparative responses of the diseased bronchioles and lung parenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell’Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, 28010 Veruno, Italy;
| | - Umberto Rosani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Stefano Levra
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (S.L.); (V.C.); (F.B.); (F.L.M.R.)
| | - Isabella Gnemmi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell’Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, 28010 Veruno, Italy;
| | - Paola Brun
- Histology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, 82037 Telese, Italy; (M.M.); (S.E.D.)
| | - Silvestro Ennio D’Anna
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, 82037 Telese, Italy; (M.M.); (S.E.D.)
| | - Vitina Carriero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (S.L.); (V.C.); (F.B.); (F.L.M.R.)
| | - Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (S.L.); (V.C.); (F.B.); (F.L.M.R.)
| | - Fabio L. M. Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (S.L.); (V.C.); (F.B.); (F.L.M.R.)
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (IFT-CNR), Section of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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12
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Sivolella S, Brunello G, Nika E, Badocco D, Pastore P, Carturan SM, Bernardo E, Elsayed H, Biasetto L, Brun P. In vitro evaluation of granules obtained from 3D sphene scaffolds and bovine bone grafts: chemical and biological assays. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8775-8787. [PMID: 37665632 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00499f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Sphene is an innovative bone graft material. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the physicochemical and biological properties of Bio-Oss® (BO) and in-lab synthesized and processed sphene granules. BO granules of 1000-2000 μm (BO-L), 250-1000 μm (BO-S) and 100-200 μm (BO-p) for derived granules, and corresponding groups of sphene granules obtained from 3D printed blocks (SB-L, SB-S, SB-p) and foams (SF-L, SF-S and SF-p) were investigated. The following analyses were conducted: morphological analysis, specific surface area and porosity, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), cytotoxicity assay, Alizarin staining, bone-related gene expression, osteoblast migration and proliferation assays. All pulverized granules exhibited a similar morphology and SF-S resembled natural bone. Sphene-derived granules showed absence of micro- and mesopores and a low specific surface area. ICP-MS revealed a tendency for absorption of Ca and P for all BO samples, while sphene granules demonstrated a release of Ca. No cellular cytotoxicity was detected and osteoblastic phenotype in primary cells was observed, with significantly increased values for SF-L, SF-S, BO-L and BO-p. Further investigations are needed before clinical use can be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sivolella
- Department of Neuroscience, Dentistry Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Giulia Brunello
- Department of Neuroscience, Dentistry Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.
- Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ervin Nika
- Department of Neuroscience, Dentistry Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Denis Badocco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Paolo Pastore
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Sara M Carturan
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Università 2, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 5131, Padua, Italy
| | - Enrico Bernardo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Hamada Elsayed
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, El Buhouth Str., Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Lisa Biasetto
- Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Stradella San Nicola 3, 36100 Vicenza, Italy.
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Microbiology, University of Padova, via A. Gabelli, 63, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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13
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Carpi A, Rahim MA, Marin A, Armellin M, Brun P, Miotto G, Dal Monte R, Trainotti L. Optimization of Anthocyanin Production in Tobacco Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13711. [PMID: 37762013 PMCID: PMC10531439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cell cultures have emerged as a promising tool for producing active molecules due to their numerous advantages over traditional agricultural methods. Flavonols, and anthocyanin pigments in particular, together with other phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid, are known for their beneficial health properties, mainly due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. The synthesis of these molecules is finely regulated in plant cells and controlled at the transcriptional level by specific MYB and bHLH transcription factors that coordinate the transcription of structural biosynthetic genes. The co-expression of peach PpMYB10.1 and PpbHLH3 in tobacco was used to develop tobacco cell lines showing high expression of both the peach transgenes and the native flavonol structural genes. These cell lines were further selected for fast growth. High production levels of chlorogenic acid, anthocyanins (mainly cyanidin 3-rutinoside), and other phenolics were also achieved in pre-industrial scale-up trials. A single-column-based purification protocol was developed to produce a lyophile called ANT-CA, which was stable over time, showed beneficial effects on cell viability, and had antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and wound-healing activities. This lyophile could be a valuable ingredient for food or cosmetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carpi
- Active Botanicals Research (ABR), 36040 Brendola, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Md Abdur Rahim
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.A.R.); (M.A.)
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Angela Marin
- Active Botanicals Research (ABR), 36040 Brendola, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Marco Armellin
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.A.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Miotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Renzo Dal Monte
- Active Botanicals Research (ABR), 36040 Brendola, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.); (R.D.M.)
| | - Livio Trainotti
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.A.R.); (M.A.)
- Botanical Garden, University of Padua, 35123 Padua, Italy
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14
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Molon S, Brun P, Scarpa M, Bizzotto D, Zuccolotto G, Scarpa M, Fassan M, Angriman I, Rosato A, Braghetta P, Castagliuolo I, Bonaldo P. Collagen VI promotes recovery from colitis by inducing lymphangiogenesis and drainage of inflammatory cells. J Pathol 2023; 260:417-430. [PMID: 37272555 DOI: 10.1002/path.6092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite a number of studies providing evidence that the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an active player in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation, knowledge on the actual contribution of specific ECM molecules in the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains scant. Here, we investigated the role of a major ECM protein, collagen VI (ColVI), in gut homeostasis and elucidated the impact of its deregulation on the pathophysiology of IBD. To this end, we combined in vivo and ex vivo studies on wild type and ColVI-deficient (Col6a1-/- ) mice both under physiological conditions and during experimentally induced acute colitis and its subsequent recovery, by means of gut histology and immunostaining, gene expression, bone marrow transplantation, flow cytometry of immune cell subpopulations, and lymph flow assessment. We found that ColVI displayed dynamic expression and ECM deposition during the acute inflammatory and recovery phases of experimentally induced colitis, whereas the genetic ablation of ColVI in Col6a1 null mice impaired the functionality of lymphatic vessels, which in turn affected the resolution of inflammation during colitis. Based on these findings, we investigated ColVI expression and deposition in ileal specimens from two cohorts of patients affected by Crohn's disease (CD) and correlated ColVI abundance to clinical outcome. Our results show that high ColVI immunoreactivity in ileal biopsies of CD patients at diagnosis correlates with increased risk of surgery and that ColVI expression in biopsies taken at the resection margin during surgery, and showing inactive disease, predict disease recurrence. Our data unveil a key role for ColVI in the intestinal microenvironment, where it is involved in lymphangiogenesis and intestinal inflammation. Altogether, these findings point at the dysregulation of ColVI expression as a novel factor contributing to the onset and maintenance of inflammation in CD via mechanisms impinging on the modulation of inflammatory cell recruitment and function. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibilla Molon
- Matrix Biology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Dario Bizzotto
- Matrix Biology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Marco Scarpa
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Imerio Angriman
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV) - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Matrix Biology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Matrix Biology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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15
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Salvato I, Ricciardi L, Dal Col J, Nigro A, Giurato G, Memoli D, Sellitto A, Lamparelli EP, Crescenzi MA, Vitale M, Vatrella A, Nucera F, Brun P, Caicci F, Dama P, Stiff T, Castellano L, Idrees S, Johansen MD, Faiz A, Wark PA, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM, Caramori G, Stellato C. Expression of targets of the RNA-binding protein AUF-1 in human airway epithelium indicates its role in cellular senescence and inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1192028. [PMID: 37483631 PMCID: PMC10360199 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The RNA-binding protein AU-rich-element factor-1 (AUF-1) participates to posttranscriptional regulation of genes involved in inflammation and cellular senescence, two pathogenic mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Decreased AUF-1 expression was described in bronchiolar epithelium of COPD patients versus controls and in vitro cytokine- and cigarette smoke-challenged human airway epithelial cells, prompting the identification of epithelial AUF-1-targeted transcripts and function, and investigation on the mechanism of its loss. Results RNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (RIP-Seq) identified, in the human airway epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, 494 AUF-1-bound mRNAs enriched in their 3'-untranslated regions for a Guanine-Cytosine (GC)-rich binding motif. AUF-1 association with selected transcripts and with a synthetic GC-rich motif were validated by biotin pulldown. AUF-1-targets' steady-state levels were equally affected by partial or near-total AUF-1 loss induced by cytomix (TNFα/IL1β/IFNγ/10 nM each) and siRNA, respectively, with differential transcript decay rates. Cytomix-mediated decrease in AUF-1 levels in BEAS-2B and primary human small-airways epithelium (HSAEC) was replicated by treatment with the senescence- inducer compound etoposide and associated with readouts of cell-cycle arrest, increase in lysosomal damage and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, and with AUF-1 transfer in extracellular vesicles, detected by transmission electron microscopy and immunoblotting. Extensive in-silico and genome ontology analysis found, consistent with AUF-1 functions, enriched RIP-Seq-derived AUF-1-targets in COPD-related pathways involved in inflammation, senescence, gene regulation and also in the public SASP proteome atlas; AUF-1 target signature was also significantly represented in multiple transcriptomic COPD databases generated from primary HSAEC, from lung tissue and from single-cell RNA-sequencing, displaying a predominant downregulation of expression. Discussion Loss of intracellular AUF-1 may alter posttranscriptional regulation of targets particularly relevant for protection of genomic integrity and gene regulation, thus concurring to airway epithelial inflammatory responses related to oxidative stress and accelerated aging. Exosomal-associated AUF-1 may in turn preserve bound RNA targets and sustain their function, participating to spreading of inflammation and senescence to neighbouring cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Salvato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Ricciardi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Annunziata Nigro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Domenico Memoli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Assunta Sellitto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Erwin Pavel Lamparelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Crescenzi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Monica Vitale
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vatrella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Paola Dama
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Stiff
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Leandro Castellano
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Sobia Idrees
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matt D. Johansen
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alen Faiz
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A. Wark
- Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Morphological and Functional Imaging (BIOMORF), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristiana Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Bernabè G, Shalata MEM, Zatta V, Bellato M, Porzionato A, Castagliuolo I, Brun P. Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-Lasting Effects on Gut Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System in Mice. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1000. [PMID: 37370319 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The side effects of antibiotic treatment directly correlate with intestinal dysbiosis. However, a balanced gut microbiota supports the integrity of the enteric nervous system (ENS), which controls gastrointestinal neuromuscular functions. In this study, we investigated the long-term effects of antibiotic-induced microbial dysbiosis on the ENS and the impact of the spontaneous re-establishment of the gut microbiota on gastrointestinal functions. C57BL/6J mice were treated daily for two weeks with antibiotics. After 0-6 weeks of antibiotics wash-out, we determined (a) gut microbiota composition, (b) gastrointestinal motility, (c) integrity of the ENS, (d) neurochemical code, and (e) inflammation. Two weeks of antibiotic treatment significantly altered gut microbial composition; the genera Clostridium, Lachnoclostridium, and Akkermansia did not regain their relative abundance following six weeks of antibiotic discontinuation. Mice treated with antibiotics experienced delayed gastrointestinal transit and altered expression of neuronal markers. The anomalies of the ENS persisted for up to 4 weeks after the antibiotic interruption; the expression of neuronal HuC/D, glial-derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf), and nerve growth factor (Ngf) mRNA transcripts did not recover. In this study, we strengthened the idea that antibiotic-induced gastrointestinal dysmotility directly correlates with gut dysbiosis as well as structural and functional damage to the ENS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli, 63-35127 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Zatta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli, 63-35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Bellato
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via G. Gradenigo, 6-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli, 61-35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli, 63-35127 Padova, Italy
- Microbiology and Virology Unit of Padua University Hospital, School of Medicine, Via Ospedale, 1-35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli, 63-35127 Padova, Italy
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Bortoletto E, Pieretti F, Brun P, Venier P, Leonardi A, Rosani U. Meta-Analysis of Keratoconus Transcriptomic Data Revealed Altered RNA Editing Levels Impacting Keratin Genomic Clusters. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:12. [PMID: 37279397 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.7.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Keratoconus (KC) is an ocular disorder with a multifactorial origin. Transcriptomic analyses (RNA-seq) revealed deregulations of coding (mRNA) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in KC, suggesting that mRNA-ncRNA co-regulations can promote the onset of KC. The present study investigates the modulation of RNA editing mediated by the adenosine deaminase acting on dsRNA (ADAR) enzyme in KC. Materials The level of ADAR-mediated RNA editing in KC and healthy corneas were determined by two indexes in two different sequencing datasets. REDIportal was used to localize known editing sites, whereas new putative sites were de novo identified in the most extended dataset only and their possible impact was evaluated. Western Blot analysis was used to measure the level of ADAR1 in the cornea from independent samples. Results KC was characterized by a statistically significant lower RNA-editing level compared to controls, resulting in a lower editing frequency, and less edited bases. The distribution of the editing sites along the human genome showed considerable differences between groups, particularly relevant in the chromosome 12 regions encoding for Keratin type II cluster. A total of 32 recoding sites were characterized, 17 representing novel sites. JUP, KRT17, KRT76, and KRT79 were edited with higher frequencies in KC than in controls, whereas BLCAP, COG3, KRT1, KRT75, and RRNAD1 were less edited. Both gene expression and protein levels of ADAR1 appeared not regulated between diseased and controls. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated an altered RNA-editing in KC possibly linked to the peculiar cellular conditions. The functional implications should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Pieretti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Venier
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Leonardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Umberto Rosani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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D'Anna SE, Dossena F, Gnemmi I, Brun P, Spanevello A, Carriero V, Bertolini F, Maniscalco M, Ricciardolo FL, Balbi B, Di Stefano A. Bacterial load and related innate immune response in the bronchi of rapid decliners with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med 2023:107297. [PMID: 37245650 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characterization of COPD patients with rapid lung functional decline is of interest for prognostic and therapeutic reasons. We recently reported an impaired humoral immune response in rapid decliners. OBJECTIVE To determine the microbiota associated to markers of innate immune host response in COPD patients with rapid lung functional decline. METHODS In COPD patients monitored for at least 3 years (mean ± SD: 5.8 ± 3 years) for lung functional decline, the microbiota and related markers of immune response was measured in bronchial biopsies of patients with different lung functional decline (rate of FEV1% lung functional decline: no decline FEV1%, ≤20 ml/year n = 21, slow decline FEV1%, >20 ≤ 70 ml/year, n = 14 and rapid decline FEV1%, >70 ml/year, n = 15) using qPCR for microbiota and immunohistochemistry for cell-receptors and inflammatory markers. MAIN RESULTS Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae were increased in rapid decliners vs slow decliners, S. pneumoniae was also increased compared to non decliners. In all patients, S. pneumoniae (copies/ml) positively correlated with pack-years consumption, lung function decline, TLR4, NOD1, NOD2 scored in bronchial epithelium and NOD1/mm2 in lamina propria. CONCLUSION These data show an imbalance of microbiota components in rapid decliners which is associated to the expression of the related cell-receptors in all COPD patients. These findings may help in the prognostic stratification and treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvestro Ennio D'Anna
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Telese, BN, Italy.
| | - Francesca Dossena
- Divisione di Pneumologia and Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno, NO, Italy
| | - Isabella Gnemmi
- Divisione di Pneumologia and Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno, NO, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Spanevello
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Tradate, VA, Italy
| | - Vitina Carriero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Telese, BN, Italy; Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Respiratory Disease, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Lm Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Bruno Balbi
- Divisione di Pneumologia and Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno, NO, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia and Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno, NO, Italy
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Zamuner A, Zeni E, Elsayed H, Di Foggia M, Taddei P, Pasquato A, Di Silvio L, Bernardo E, Brun P, Dettin M. Proteolytically Resistant Bioactive Peptide-Grafted Sr/Mg-Doped Hardystonite Foams: Comparison of Two Covalent Functionalization Strategies. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8020185. [PMID: 37218771 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hardystonite-based (HT) bioceramic foams were easily obtained via thermal treatment of silicone resins and reactive oxide fillers in air. By using a commercial silicone, incorporating strontium oxide and magnesium oxide precursors (as well as CaO and ZnO), and treating it at 1100 °C, a complex solid solution (Ca1.4Sr0.6Zn0.85Mg0.15Si2O7) that has superior biocompatibility and bioactivity properties compared to pure hardystonite (Ca2ZnSi2O7) can be obtained. Proteolytic-resistant adhesive peptide mapped on vitronectin (D2HVP), was selectively grafted to Sr/Mg-doped HT foams using two different strategies. Unfortunately, the first method (via protected peptide) was unsuitable for acid-sensitive materials such as Sr/Mg-doped HT, resulting in the release of cytotoxic levels of Zinc over time, with consequent negative cellular response. To overcome this unexpected result, a novel functionalization strategy requiring aqueous solution and mild conditions was designed. Sr/Mg-doped HT functionalized with this second strategy (via aldehyde peptide) showed a dramatic increase in human osteoblast proliferation at 6 days compared to only silanized or non-functionalized samples. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the functionalization treatment does not induce any cytotoxicity. Functionalized foams enhanced mRNA-specific transcript levels coding IBSP, VTN, RUNX2, and SPP1 at 2 days post-seeding. In conclusion, the second functionalization strategy proved to be appropriate for this specific biomaterial and was effective at enhancing the material's bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annj Zamuner
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Zeni
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Hamada Elsayed
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Di Foggia
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Taddei
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Pasquato
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lucy Di Silvio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Enrico Bernardo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Monica Dettin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Kyathanahally SP, Hardeman T, Reyes M, Merz E, Bulas T, Brun P, Pomati F, Baity-Jesi M. Author Correction: Ensembles of data-efficient vision transformers as a new paradigm for automated classification in ecology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6243. [PMID: 37069189 PMCID: PMC10110596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - T Hardeman
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - M Reyes
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - E Merz
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - T Bulas
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - P Brun
- WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - F Pomati
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - M Baity-Jesi
- Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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Donato A, Fontana F, Venerando R, Di Stefano A, Brun P. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Lactose-Modified Hyaluronic Acid Molecules on Primary Bronchial Fibroblasts of Smokers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071616. [PMID: 37050230 PMCID: PMC10096707 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of smoking-related diseases is characterized by macrophage-mediated inflammation, which is responsible for an increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and galectins, molecules that bind specifically to β-galactoside sugars. This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of a broad selection of differently lactose-modified hyaluronic acids (HA) named HYLACH®, which are able to bind proinflammatory galectins. The best HYLACH ligands for Gal-3 were selected in silico and their activities were tested in vitro on primary human bronchial fibroblasts obtained from smokers and inflamed with the conditioned medium of activated U937 monocytes. Changes in cell viability, ROS generation, proinflammatory mediators, and MMP expression, at both gene and protein levels, were analyzed. The in silico results show that HYLACH with a percentage of lactosylation of 10-40% are the best ligands for Gal-3. The in vitro study revealed that HYLACH compounds with 10, 20, and 40% lactosylation (HYLACH-1-2-3) administrated to inflamed cell cultures counteracted the oxidative damage and restored gene and protein expression for IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, Gal-1, Gal-3, and MMP-3 to near baseline values. The evidence that HYLACH attenuated macrophage-induced inflammation, inhibited MMP expression, and exhibited antioxidative effects provide an initial step toward the development of a therapeutic treatment suitable for smoking-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Donato
- Histology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering, A.S.S.T. Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza dell'Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Rina Venerando
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, 28013 Gattico-Veruno, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Histology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
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Meggiolaro A, Moccia V, Brun P, Pierno M, Mistura G, Zappulli V, Ferraro D. Microfluidic Strategies for Extracellular Vesicle Isolation: Towards Clinical Applications. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 13:bios13010050. [PMID: 36671885 PMCID: PMC9855931 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are double-layered lipid membrane vesicles released by cells. Currently, EVs are attracting a lot of attention in the biological and medical fields due to their role as natural carriers of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Thus, they can transport useful genomic information from their parental cell through body fluids, promoting cell-to-cell communication even between different organs. Due to their functionality as cargo carriers and their protein expression, they can play an important role as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in various types of diseases, e.g., cancers, neurodegenerative, and autoimmune diseases. Today, given the invaluable importance of EVs, there are some pivotal challenges to overcome in terms of their isolation. Conventional methods have some limitations: they are influenced by the starting sample, might present low throughput and low purity, and sometimes a lack of reproducibility, being operator dependent. During the past few years, several microfluidic approaches have been proposed to address these issues. In this review, we summarize the most important microfluidic-based devices for EV isolation, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages compared to existing technology, as well as the current state of the art from the perspective of the use of these devices in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Meggiolaro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Moccia
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Pierno
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Mistura
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Zappulli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Davide Ferraro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Kyathanahally SP, Hardeman T, Reyes M, Merz E, Bulas T, Brun P, Pomati F, Baity-Jesi M. Ensembles of data-efficient vision transformers as a new paradigm for automated classification in ecology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18590. [PMID: 36329061 PMCID: PMC9633651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring biodiversity is paramount to manage and protect natural resources. Collecting images of organisms over large temporal or spatial scales is a promising practice to monitor the biodiversity of natural ecosystems, providing large amounts of data with minimal interference with the environment. Deep learning models are currently used to automate classification of organisms into taxonomic units. However, imprecision in these classifiers introduces a measurement noise that is difficult to control and can significantly hinder the analysis and interpretation of data. We overcome this limitation through ensembles of Data-efficient image Transformers (DeiTs), which not only are easy to train and implement, but also significantly outperform the previous state of the art (SOTA). We validate our results on ten ecological imaging datasets of diverse origin, ranging from plankton to birds. On all the datasets, we achieve a new SOTA, with a reduction of the error with respect to the previous SOTA ranging from 29.35% to 100.00%, and often achieving performances very close to perfect classification. Ensembles of DeiTs perform better not because of superior single-model performances but rather due to smaller overlaps in the predictions by independent models and lower top-1 probabilities. This increases the benefit of ensembling, especially when using geometric averages to combine individual learners. While we only test our approach on biodiversity image datasets, our approach is generic and can be applied to any kind of images.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. P. Kyathanahally
- grid.418656.80000 0001 1551 0562Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - T. Hardeman
- grid.418656.80000 0001 1551 0562Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - M. Reyes
- grid.418656.80000 0001 1551 0562Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - E. Merz
- grid.418656.80000 0001 1551 0562Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - T. Bulas
- grid.418656.80000 0001 1551 0562Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - P. Brun
- grid.419754.a0000 0001 2259 5533WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - F. Pomati
- grid.418656.80000 0001 1551 0562Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - M. Baity-Jesi
- grid.418656.80000 0001 1551 0562Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Bernabè G, Marzaro G, Di Pietra G, Otero A, Bellato M, Pauletto A, Scarpa M, Sut S, Chilin A, Dall’Acqua S, Brun P, Castagliuolo I. A novel phenolic derivative inhibits AHL-dependent quorum sensing signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:996871. [PMID: 36204236 PMCID: PMC9531014 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.996871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic resistance and the decline in the pharmaceutical industry’s investments have amplified the need for novel treatments for multidrug-resistant bacteria. Quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors reduce pathogens’ virulence without selective pressure on bacteria and provide an alternative to conventional antibiotic-based therapies. P. aeruginosa uses complex QS signaling to control virulence and biofilm formation. We aimed to identify inhibitors of P. aeruginosa QS acting on acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL)-mediated circuits. Bioluminescence and qRT-PCR assays were employed to screen a library of 81 small phenolic derivatives to reduce AHL-dependent signaling. We identified GM-50 as the most active compound inhibiting the expression of AHL-regulated genes but devoid of cytotoxic activity in human epithelial cells and biocidal effects on bacteria. GM-50 reduces virulence factors such as rhamnolipids, pyocyanin, elastase secretion, and swarming motility in P. aeruginosa PAO1 laboratory strain. By molecular docking, we provide evidence that GM-50 highly interacts with RhlR. GM-50 significantly improved aztreonam-mediated biofilm disruption. Moreover, GM-50 prevents adhesion of PAO1 and inflammatory damage in the human A549 cell line and protects Galleria mellonella from PAO1-mediated killing. GM-50 significantly reduces virulence factors in 20 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates from patients with respiratory tract infections. In conclusion, GM-50 inhibits AHL-signaling, reduces virulence factors, enhances the anti-biofilm activity of aztreonam, and protects G. mellonella larvae from damage induced by P. aeruginosa. Since GM-50 is active on clinical strains, it represents a starting point for identifying and developing new phenolic derivatives acting as QS-inhibitors in P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marzaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Ana Otero
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía-CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Massimo Bellato
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Anthony Pauletto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Melania Scarpa
- Laboratory of Advanced Translational Research, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefania Sut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Adriana Chilin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paola Brun,
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Di Stefano A, Dossena F, Gnemmi I, D'Anna SE, Brun P, Balbi B, Piraino A, Spanevello A, Nucera F, Carriero V, Bertolini F, Maniscalco M, Adcock IM, Caramori G, Ricciardolo FLM. Decreased humoral immune response in the bronchi of rapid decliners with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2022; 23:200. [PMID: 35922811 PMCID: PMC9351175 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of COPD patients with a rapid decline in FEV1 is of particular interest for prognostic and therapeutic reasons.
Objective To determine the expression of markers of inflammation in COPD patients with rapid functional decline in comparison to slow or no decliners. Methods In COPD patients monitored for at least 3 years (mean ± SD: 5.8 ± 3 years) for lung functional decline, the expression and localization of inflammatory markers was measured in bronchial biopsies of patients with no lung functional decline (FEV1% + 30 ± 43 ml/year, n = 21), slow (FEV1% ml/year, − 40 ± 19, n = 14) and rapid decline (FEV1% ml/year, − 112 ± 53, n = 15) using immunohistochemistry. ELISA test was used for polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) quantitation “in vitro”. Results The expression of secretory IgA was significantly reduced in bronchial epithelium (p = 0.011) and plasma cell numbers was significantly reduced in the bronchial lamina propria (p = 0.017) of rapid decliners compared to no decliners. Bronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, CD4, CD8, CD68, CD20, NK, neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, pIgR, was not changed in epithelium and lamina propria of rapid decliners compared to other groups. Plasma cells/mm2 correlated positively with scored total IgA in lamina propria of all patients. “In vitro” stimulation of 16HBE cells with LPS (10 μg/ml) and IL-8 (10 ng/ml) induced a significant increase while H2O2 (100 μM) significantly decreased pIgR epithelial expression. Conclusion These data show an impaired humoral immune response in rapid decliners with COPD, marked by reduced epithelial secretory IgA and plasma cell numbers in the bronchial lamina propria. These findings may help in the prognostic stratification and treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit of Veruno Institute, Via Per Revislate, 13, 28010, Veruno, NO, Italy.
| | - Francesca Dossena
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit of Veruno Institute, Via Per Revislate, 13, 28010, Veruno, NO, Italy
| | - Isabella Gnemmi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit of Veruno Institute, Via Per Revislate, 13, 28010, Veruno, NO, Italy
| | - Silvestro Ennio D'Anna
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Telese, BN, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology Unit, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Bruno Balbi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit of Veruno Institute, Via Per Revislate, 13, 28010, Veruno, NO, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Spanevello
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Tradate, VA, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vitina Carriero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bertolini
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Telese, BN, Italy
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabio L M Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
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Cassari L, Brun P, Di Foggia M, Taddei P, Zamuner A, Pasquato A, De Stefanis A, Valentini V, Saceleanu VM, Rau JV, Dettin M. Mn-Containing Bioactive Glass-Ceramics: BMP-2-Mimetic Peptide Covalent Grafting Boosts Human-Osteoblast Proliferation and Mineral Deposition. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:4647. [PMID: 35806763 PMCID: PMC9267458 DOI: 10.3390/ma15134647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of Mn in bioceramic formulation is gaining interest in the field of bone implants. Mn activates human osteoblast (h-osteoblast) integrins, enhancing cell proliferation with a dose-dependent effect, whereas Mn-enriched glasses induce inhibition of Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. In an effort to further optimize Mn-containing scaffolds' beneficial interaction with h-osteoblasts, a selective and specific covalent functionalization with a bioactive peptide was carried out. The anchoring of a peptide, mapped on the BMP-2 wrist epitope, to the scaffold was performed by a reaction between an aldehyde group of the peptide and the aminic groups of silanized Mn-containing bioceramic. SEM-EDX, FT-IR, and Raman studies confirmed the presence of the peptide grafted onto the scaffold. In in vitro assays, a significant improvement in h-osteoblast proliferation, gene expression, and calcium salt deposition after 7 days was detected in the functionalized Mn-containing bioceramic compared to the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Cassari
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.C.); (A.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli, 63, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Michele Di Foggia
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.F.); (P.T.)
| | - Paola Taddei
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.F.); (P.T.)
| | - Annj Zamuner
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.C.); (A.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonella Pasquato
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.C.); (A.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Adriana De Stefanis
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Montelibretti Unit, Via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (V.V.)
| | - Veronica Valentini
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Montelibretti Unit, Via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (A.D.S.); (V.V.)
| | | | - Julietta V. Rau
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Analytical, Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Build. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Monica Dettin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.C.); (A.Z.); (A.P.)
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Fabris F, Pirazzini M, Brun P, Castagliuolo I, Megighian A, Montecucco C, Rossetto O. Unravelling the Inhibitory Activity of Botulinum Toxins on the Enteric Nervous System. Toxicon 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Debieuvre D, Auliac J, Bylicki O, Moreau L, Corre R, Pinsolle J, Bizieux Thaminy A, Schneider S, Godbert B, Renault P, Brun P, Bernardi M, Briens E, Lepoulain Doubliez M, Delclaux B, Petit L, Bizec J, Milliet de Faverges G, Al Freijat F, Quieffin J. 132P 20 years of real life nationwide epidemiological data on lung cancer in non-academic French public hospitals: KBP-2020-CPHG compared to 2000 and 2010 studies. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Rosani U, Del Vecchio C, Franchin E, Brun P, Ferrari S, Ponzin D, Leonardi A. Tracing the SARS-CoV-2 infection on the ocular surface: Overview and preliminary corneoscleral transcriptome sequencing. Exp Eye Res 2022; 217:108975. [PMID: 35134391 PMCID: PMC8816849 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.108975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19's impact on the ocular surface has already been recognized, however the molecular mechanisms induced by the infection on the ocular surface are still unclear. The aim of this paper is to provide a first overview of the transcriptional perturbations caused by SARS-CoV-2 on the ocular surface by analyzing gene expression profile of corneoscleral ring samples from post-mortem SARS-CoV-2 positive donors (PD). The presence of SARS-CoV-2 on the ocular surface, in tears and corneal tissues has rarely been detected in infected individuals in both the presence and the absence of ocular manifestations. In this preliminary study, 6 human corneoscleral tissues of 3 PD and two tissues from a negative donor (CTRL) were obtained at the local eye bank. The presence of genomic and sub-genomic SARS-CoV-2 RNAs was assessed by qRT-PCR, while transcriptome analysis (RNA-sequencing) was performed by Illumina. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), search for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and Gene Ontology (GO)-enrichment analysis were performed. Three samples from PD were found positive for SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA, although the absence of sub-genomic RNAs indicated an inactive virus. PCA analysis grouped 3 different clusters, one including CTRL, and the other two including, respectively, PD with undetected SARS-CoV-2 (PD-SARS-neg) and PD with detected SARS-CoV-2 (PD-SARS-pos). The DEGs in common with the 2 PD clusters included several genes associable to the interferon pathway, such as ADAMTS4, RSAD2, MMP1, IL6, ISG15 and proinflammatory cytokines. Among the down-regulated genes we found AQP5. GO analysis revealed 77 GO terms over-represented in PD-SARS-neg vs. CTRL, and 17 GO terms in PD-SARS-pos vs. CTRL. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and RNA-sequencing reads in ocular surface tissues supports the possibility that the eye acts as an entry route. The modulation of early responsive genes, together with several ISGs suggests a potential protective responsiveness of the ocular tissues to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elisa Franchin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Diego Ponzin
- Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto, Venice, Italy
| | - Andrea Leonardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padova, Italy.
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Molinier O, Besse B, Barlesi F, Audigier-Valette C, Friard S, Monnet I, Jeannin G, Mazières J, Cadranel J, Hureaux J, Hilgers W, Quoix E, Coudert B, Moro-Sibilot D, Fauchon E, Westeel V, Brun P, Langlais A, Morin F, Souquet PJ, Girard N. IFCT-1502 CLINIVO: real-world evidence of long-term survival with nivolumab in a nationwide cohort of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. ESMO Open 2021; 7:100353. [PMID: 34953398 PMCID: PMC8764511 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy using inhibitors targeting immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is currently the standard of care in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a nationwide cohort retrospective study of consecutive patients with advanced, refractory NSCLC who received nivolumab as second to later lines of treatment as part of the expanded access program. Key objectives were to assess the efficacy and safety of nivolumab and the efficacy of first post-nivolumab treatment. RESULTS Nine hundred and two patients were enrolled: 317 (35%) with squamous cell carcinoma and 585 (65%) with non-squamous cell carcinoma. Median age was 64 years; there were 630 (70%) men, 795 (88%) smokers, 723 (81%) patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of 0/1, 197 (22%) patients with brain metastases, and 212 (27%) with liver metastases. Best response was partial response for 16.2% and stable disease (SD) for 30.5%. Progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) rates at 2, 3, and 5 years were 8% and 25%, 6% and 16%, and 4% and 10%, respectively. At multivariate analysis, ECOG PS ≥2 [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.13, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.78-2.55, P < 0.001], squamous histology (HR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.36, P = 0.04), and presence of central nervous system metastases (HR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.08-1.54, P = 0.005) were significantly associated with lower OS. Four hundred and ninety-two patients received at least one treatment after discontinuation of nivolumab, consisting of systemic therapies in 450 (91%). Radiation therapy was delivered to 118 (24%) patients. CONCLUSION The CLINIVO cohort represents the largest real-world evidence cohort with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitor in advanced, metastatic NSCLC after failure of first-line chemotherapy, with long-term follow-up and analysis of subsequent therapies. Our data confirm the efficacy of nivolumab in a cohort larger than that reported in landmark clinical trials and identify prognostic factors, which reinforces the need for accurate selection of patients for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Our data indicate that oligoprogression is frequent after nivolumab exposure and provide a unique insight into the long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Molinier
- Pneumology, Centre Hospitalier Du Mans, Le Mans, France
| | - B Besse
- Cancer Medicine Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - F Barlesi
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CRCM, Marseille, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - C Audigier-Valette
- Pneumology Department, Centre Hospitalier Toulon Sainte-Musse, Toulon, France
| | - S Friard
- Hopital Foch, Chest Department, Suresnes, France
| | - I Monnet
- Pneumology Service, CHI Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - G Jeannin
- Pneumology Service, CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - J Mazières
- Pneumology Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Hôpital Larrey, Pôle Voies Respiratoires, Toulouse, France
| | - J Cadranel
- Pneumology Service, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, GRC n04, Theranoscan, Paris, France
| | - J Hureaux
- Pôle Hippocrate, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - W Hilgers
- Medical Oncology, Sainte Catherine Cancer Institute, Avignon Provence, France
| | - E Quoix
- Pneumology Service, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg-Unistra, Strasbourg, France
| | - B Coudert
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - D Moro-Sibilot
- Pneumology and Thoracic Oncology Department, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - E Fauchon
- Pneumology Service, CHI, Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - V Westeel
- Pneumology Service, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Besançon, France
| | - P Brun
- Pneumology Service, CH de Valence, Valence, France
| | - A Langlais
- Biostatistic Department, French Cooperative Thoracic Intergroup (IFCT), Paris, France
| | - F Morin
- Clinical Research Unit, French Cooperative Thoracic Intergroup (IFCT), Paris, France
| | - P J Souquet
- Pneumology Service, Centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - N Girard
- Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France; Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
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Di Fiore A, Meneghello R, Brun P, Rosso S, Gattazzo A, Stellini E, Yilmaz B. Comparison of the flexural and surface properties of milled, 3D-printed, and heat polymerized PMMA resins for denture bases: an in vitro study. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:502-508. [PMID: 34853238 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_21_00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the flexural properties and the adhesion of Lactobacillus salivarius (LS), Streptococcus mutans (SM), and Candida albicans (CA) on heat-polymerized (CV), CAD-CAM milled (CAD), or 3D-printed (3D) Poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA). METHODS Ultimate Flexural Strength (UFS), Flexural Strain (FS) (%) at Flexural Strength, and Flexural Modulus (FM) of specimens (65.0×10.0×3.3 mm) from each PMMA group (n=6) were calculated by using the 3-point bending test. The surface roughness profiles (R) were measured before and after polishing with a contact profilometer. LS, SM, and CA adhesion on PMMA specimens (n=18) (10 mm in diameter, 3 mm in height) was assessed after 90 minutes and 16 hours by using scanning electron microscopy. The Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc analysis was performed to compare the groups (alpha=0.05). RESULTS Mean UFS values were 80.79±7.64 MPa for CV, 110.23±5.03 MPa for CAD, and 87.34±6.39 MPa for 3D. Mean FS values were 4.37±1.04% for CV, 4.71±0.62% for CAD, and 6.19±0.13 % for 3D. Mean FM values were 2542±301 MPa for CV, 3435±346 MPa for CAD, and 2371±197 MPa for 3D. CAD had the lowest average R value (0.29±0.16 µm) before polishing, and bacterial adhesion after 90 minutes of incubation. R value and microbial adhesion were not different amongst groups after polishing and 16 hours of incubation, respectively. CONCLUSION The CAD group displayed the best flexural properties, except for FS, the lowest roughness before polishing and bacterial adhesion after 90 minutes of incubation. All tested PMMAs had similar surface roughness after polishing, and microbial adhesion after 16 hours of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Di Fiore
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, Section of Prosthodontics and Digital Dentistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Rosso
- Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Edoardo Stellini
- Head of University Dental Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Ohio, USA
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Tarricone E, Elia R, Mattiuzzo E, Faggian A, Pozzuoli A, Ruggieri P, Brun P. The Viability and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Hyaluronic Acid-Chitlac-Tracimolone Acetonide- β-Cyclodextrin Complex on Human Chondrocytes. Cartilage 2021; 13:920S-924S. [PMID: 32107923 PMCID: PMC8804853 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520908658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of the complex triamcinolone acetonide-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (TA-CD) on in vitro inflamed primary human articular chondrocytes in the presence or absence of the mixture hyaluronic acid-Chitlac, a lactose-modified chitosan (HA-CTL). DESIGN Changes in cell viability and pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression were analyzed in human chondrocytes using an in vitro model of macrophage-mediated inflammation. Human monocytes U937 were differentiated to macrophages by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The anti-inflammatory effects of the complex TA-CD and HA-CTL mixture were assessed on chondrocytes exposed for 24 hours to U937 conditioned medium (CM), by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS The TA-CD viability was enhanced by the presence of the HA-CTL mixture in chondrocyte cultures. The exposure of cells to CM significantly increased interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 gene expression, and when the complex TA-CD was added to the inflamed cells, gene transcription of cytokines was restored to near baseline values, both in the presence or in the absence of HA-CTL mixture. CONCLUSION The addition of HA-CTL mixture significantly attenuated cytotoxicity induced by TA and preserved the anti-inflammatory effects, thus confirming the chondroprotective role of the HA-CTL mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tarricone
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology
Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rossella Elia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology
Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Mattiuzzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology
Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessia Faggian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology
Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Assunta Pozzuoli
- Musculoskeletal Pathology and Oncology
Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova,
Padova, Italy,Orthopedic and Traumatologic Clinic,
Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova,
Italy
| | - Pietro Ruggieri
- Orthopedic and Traumatologic Clinic,
Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova,
Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology
Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy,Paola Brun, Department of Molecular Medicine,
Histology Unit, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58B, Padova 35121, Italy.
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Iobbi V, Brun P, Bernabé G, Dougué Kentsop RA, Donadio G, Ruffoni B, Fossa P, Bisio A, De Tommasi N. Labdane Diterpenoids from Salvia tingitana Etl. Synergize with Clindamycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2021; 26:6681. [PMID: 34771089 PMCID: PMC8587691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum-sensing (QS) is a regulatory mechanism in bacterial communication, important for pathogenesis control. The search for small molecules active as quorum-sensing inhibitors (QSI) that can synergize with antibiotics is considered a good strategy to counteract the problem of antibiotic resistance. Here the antimicrobial labdane diterpenoids sclareol (1) and manool (2) extracted from Salvia tingitana were considered as potential QSI against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Only sclareol showed synergistic activity with clindamycin. The quantification of these compounds by LC-MS analysis in the organs and in the calli of S. tingitana showed that sclareol is most abundant in the flower spikes and is produced by calli, while manool is the major labdane of the roots, and is abundant also in the leaves. Other metabolites of the roots were abietane diterpenoids, common in Salvia species, and pentacyclic triterpenoids, bearing a γ-lactone moiety, previously undescribed in Salvia. Docking simulations suggested that 1 and 2 bind to key residues, involved in direct interactions with DNA. They may prevent accessory gene regulator A (AgrA) binding to DNA or AgrA activation upon phosphorylation, to suppress virulence factor expression. The antimicrobial activity of these two compounds probably achieves preventing upregulation of the accessory gene regulator (agr)-regulated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Iobbi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (V.I.); (R.A.D.K.); (P.F.)
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; (P.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Giulia Bernabé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy; (P.B.); (G.B.)
| | - Roméo Arago Dougué Kentsop
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (V.I.); (R.A.D.K.); (P.F.)
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura–CREA Centro di ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, 18038 San Remo, Italy;
| | - Giuliana Donadio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (G.D.); (N.D.T.)
| | - Barbara Ruffoni
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura–CREA Centro di ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, 18038 San Remo, Italy;
| | - Paola Fossa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (V.I.); (R.A.D.K.); (P.F.)
| | - Angela Bisio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (V.I.); (R.A.D.K.); (P.F.)
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (G.D.); (N.D.T.)
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Castagliuolo I, Scarpa M, Brun P, Bernabe G, Sagheddu V, Elli M, Fiore W, De Vitis V, Guglielmetti S. Co-administration of vitamin D3 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DG increase 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels in mice. ANN MICROBIOL 2021; 71:42. [PMID: 34690623 PMCID: PMC8522538 DOI: 10.1186/s13213-021-01655-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Subclinical vitamin D (vitD) deficiency enhances the predisposition to a myriad of acute and chronic pathologies in many people worldwide. Due to the scarcity of vitD-rich foods, the consumption of supplements or fortified foods can be required to maintain healthy serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and the major circulating form of vitD that is commonly measured in serum to determine the vitD status. Since the vitD absorption seems to resemble that of lipids, improved emulsification in the gut could favor vitD permeation through the enterocyte membrane. Contextually, we hypothesized that a microorganism with cholecalciferol (vitD3)-solubilization properties may potentially result in enhanced serum vitD levels. Methods and results Six probiotic strains were screened for their ability to create a stable suspension of vitD3 in water: Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DG, L. paracasei LPC-S01, L. paracasei Shirota, L. rhamnosus GG, Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5. The DG strain displayed the strongest vitD3 solubilization ability and, consequently, were used in an in vivo trial where a commercial preparation of vitD3 in refined olive oil was administered by gavage to CD-1 mice with or without the concurrent administration of L. paracasei DG. ELISA measurements showed that the DG strain significantly increased the serum levels of 25(OH) D when administered once a day for 1 week in association with the vitD3 supplement. Conclusion This preliminary pre-clinical study suggests that the combined administration of L. paracasei DG with an oil-based cholecalciferol supplement could contribute to the maintenance of the adequate 25(OH) D serum levels in people at risk of vitD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melania Scarpa
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Bernabe
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Valeria Sagheddu
- AAT-Advanced Analytical Technologies S.r.l., Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Marina Elli
- AAT-Advanced Analytical Technologies S.r.l., Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Guizzardi R, Zamuner A, Brun P, Dettin M, Natalello A, Cipolla L. Thymosin‐β4, and Human Vitronectin peptides Grafted to Collagen Tune Adhesion or VEGF Gene Expression in Human Cell Lines**. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Guizzardi
- Dept. of Biotechnology and Biosciences University of Milano-Bicocca P.zza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
- Present address: Tecnoservizi ambientali s.r.l
| | - Annj Zamuner
- Dept. of Industrial Engineering University of Padova Via Marzolo, 9 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine University of Padova Via Gabelli, 63 35121 Padova Italy
| | - Monica Dettin
- Dept. of Industrial Engineering University of Padova Via Marzolo, 9 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Antonino Natalello
- Dept. of Biotechnology and Biosciences University of Milano-Bicocca P.zza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Laura Cipolla
- Dept. of Biotechnology and Biosciences University of Milano-Bicocca P.zza della Scienza 2 20126 Milano Italy
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Faggian M, Bernabè G, Valente M, Francescato S, Baratto G, Brun P, Castagliuolo I, Dall'Acqua S, Peron G. Characterization of PACs profile and bioactivity of a novel nutraceutical combining cranberry extracts with different PAC-A oligomers, D-mannose and ascorbic acid: An in vivo/ex vivo evaluation of dual mechanism of action on intestinal barrier and urinary epithelium. Food Res Int 2021; 149:110649. [PMID: 34600651 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, an A-type procyanidin (PAC)-rich cranberry extract (CB-B) was obtained mixing different extracts and was formulated with D-mannose and ascorbic acid to obtain a novel nutraceutical (URO-F) aimed at preventing non-complicated bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs). To assess the bioactivity of CB-B and URO-F, urine samples collected from six healthy volunteers undergoing a 2-days oral consumption of 0.41 g/day of CB-B or 10 g/day of URO-F (corresponding to 72 mg/day of PACs) were tested against uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) incubated on urinary bladder epithelial cells (T24). Urinary markers of CB-B and URO-F consumption were assessed in the same urine output by UPLC-QTOF-based untargeted metabolomics approach. CB-B and URO-F were evaluated for their ability to promote the intestinal barrier function by restoring the trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines in intestinal epithelial Caco2 cells. CB-B was characterized by a high PAC-A content (70% of total PACs) and a broad distribution of different PACs polymers (dimers-hexamers). Urine from subjects consuming CB-B and URO-F showed a significant effect in reducing the adhesion of UPEC to urothelium in vitro, supporting their efficacy as anti-adhesive agents after oral intake. CB-B inhibited the release of cytokine IL-8, and both products were effective in restoring the TEER. Overall, our results show that the beneficial effects of CB-B and URO-F on UTIs are not only due to the antiadhesive activity of cranberry on UPEC in the urothelium, but also to a multi-target activity involving anti-inflammatory and permeability-enhancing effects on intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Faggian
- Unired srl, Via Niccolò Tommaseo 69, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy.
| | - Marco Valente
- Unifarco spa, Via Cal Longa 62, 32035 Santa Giustina, Belluno, Italy.
| | | | - Gianni Baratto
- Unired srl, Via Niccolò Tommaseo 69, 35131 Padova, Italy; Unifarco spa, Via Cal Longa 62, 32035 Santa Giustina, Belluno, Italy.
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy.
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy.
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Unired srl, Via Niccolò Tommaseo 69, 35131 Padova, Italy; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Gregorio Peron
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Brun P, Piovan A, Caniato R, Dalla Costa V, Pauletto A, Filippini R. Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Euglena gracilis Extracts. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2058. [PMID: 34683379 PMCID: PMC8537577 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with nutrients able to control intestinal and systemic inflammation is of marketable interest. Indeed, gastrointestinal homeostasis plays a significant role in maintaining human health. In this setting, E. gracilis may sustain or promote human health, but the effects on the intestinal inflammatory milieu are not clear. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of E. gracilis and inferred possible mechanisms. Paramylon, crude, and fractionated extracts were obtained from E. gracilis grown in vitro. Phytoconstituents of the extracts were characterized using TLC and HPLC UV-Vis. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities were investigated in primary human macrophages and an intestinal epithelial cell line (HT-29). The analysis of the extracts led to identifying β-carotene, neoxanthin, diadinoxanthin, canthaxanthin, and breakdown products such as pheophytins and pheophorbides. E. gracilis fractionated extracts reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor-α triggered by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the short and long terms. Pheophytin a and b and canthaxanthin increased the intracellular reducing potential and dampened the production of LPS-induced reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, intracellular events usually involved in the perpetuation of chronic inflammatory disorders. This study rationalizes the role of specific extract fractions of E. gracilis in controlling LPS-driven intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Microbiology, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 63, 35127 Padova, Italy;
| | - Anna Piovan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.P.); (R.C.); (V.D.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Rosy Caniato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.P.); (R.C.); (V.D.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Vanessa Dalla Costa
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.P.); (R.C.); (V.D.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Anthony Pauletto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Microbiology, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 63, 35127 Padova, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Filippini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.P.); (R.C.); (V.D.C.); (R.F.)
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38
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Raimondi S, Spampinato G, Candeliere F, Amaretti A, Brun P, Castagliuolo I, Rossi M. Phenotypic Traits and Immunomodulatory Properties of Leuconostoc carnosum Isolated From Meat Products. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:730827. [PMID: 34512608 PMCID: PMC8425591 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.730827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Twelve strains of Leuconostoc carnosum from meat products were investigated in terms of biochemical, physiological, and functional properties. The spectrum of sugars fermented by L. carnosum strains was limited to few mono- and disaccharides, consistently with the natural habitats of the species, including meat and fermented vegetables. The strains were able to grow from 4 to 37°C with an optimum of approximately 32.5°C. The ability to grow at temperatures compatible with refrigeration and in presence of up to 60 g/L NaCl explains the high loads of L. carnosum frequently described in many meat-based products. Six strains produced exopolysaccharides, causing a ropy phenotype of colonies, according to the potential involvement on L. carnosum in the appearance of slime in packed meat products. On the other side, the study provides evidence of a potential protective role of L. carnosum WC0321 and L. carnosum WC0323 against Listeria monocytogenes, consistently with the presence in these strains of the genes encoding leucocin B. Some meat-based products intended to be consumed without cooking may harbor up to 108 CFU/g of L. carnosum; therefore, we investigated the potential impact of this load on health. No strains survived the treatment with simulated gastric juice. Three selected strains were challenged for the capability to colonize a mouse model and their immunomodulatory properties were investigated. The strains did not colonize the intestine of mice during 10 days of daily dietary administration. Intriguingly, despite the loss of viability during the gastrointestinal transit, the strains exhibited different immunomodulatory effect on the maturation of dendritic cells in vivo, the extent of which correlated to the production of exopolysaccharides. The ability to stimulate the mucosal associated immune system in such probiotic-like manner, the general absence of antibiotic resistance genes, and the lack of the biosynthetic pathways for biogenic amines should reassure on the safety of this species, with potential for exploitation of selected starters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gloria Spampinato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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39
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Zamuner A, Brun P, Ciccimarra R, Ravanetti F, Veschini L, Elsayed H, Sivolella S, Iucci G, Porzionato A, Silvio LD, Cacchioli A, Bernardo E, Dettin M. Biofunctionalization of bioactive ceramic scaffolds to increase the cell response for bone regeneration. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34271554 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac1555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biofunctionalization was investigated for polymers and metals considering their scarce integration ability. On the contrary few studies dealt with ceramic biofunctionalization because the bioactive and bioresorbable surfaces of ceramics are able to positively interact with biological environment. In this study the cell-response improvement on biofunctionalized wollastonite and diopside-based scaffolds was demonstrated. The ceramics were first obtained by heat treatment of a silicone embedding reactive oxide fillers and then biofunctionalized with adhesive peptides mapped on vitronectin. The most promisingin vitroresults, in terms of h-osteoblast proliferation and bone-related gene expression, were reached anchoring selectively a peptide stable toward proteolytic degradation induced by serum-enriched medium. Inin vivoassays the anchoring of this protease-stable adhesive peptide was combined with self-assembling peptides, for increasing cell viability and angiogenesis. The results demonstrated external and internal cell colonization of biofunctionalized scaffolds with formation of new blood vessels (neoangiogenesis) and stimulation of ectopic mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annj Zamuner
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, Padova 35127, Italy
| | - Roberta Ciccimarra
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Francesca Ravanetti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Veschini
- Academic Centre of Reconstructive Sciences, King's College, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Hamada Elsayed
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova 35131, Italy.,Ceramics Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohous Street, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Stefano Sivolella
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 5, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University of Rome, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Nicolò Giustiniani, 5, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Lucy Di Silvio
- Centre for Oral Clinical and Translational Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Cacchioli
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Enrico Bernardo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Monica Dettin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova 35131, Italy
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40
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Rondanelli M, Miraglia N, Putignano P, Castagliuolo I, Brun P, Dall’Acqua S, Peroni G, Faliva MA, Naso M, Nichetti M, Infantino V, Perna S. Effects of 60-Day Saccharomyces boulardii and Superoxide Dismutase Supplementation on Body Composition, Hunger Sensation, Pro/Antioxidant Ratio, Inflammation and Hormonal Lipo-Metabolic Biomarkers in Obese Adults: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082512. [PMID: 34444671 PMCID: PMC8400582 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In animals it has been demonstrated that Saccharomyces boulardii and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) decrease low-grade inflammation and that S. boulardii can also decrease adiposity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 60-day S. boulardii and SOD supplementation on circulating markers of inflammation, body composition, hunger sensation, pro/antioxidant ratio, hormonal, lipid profile, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR, in obese adults (BMI 30-35 kg/m2). Twenty-five obese adults were randomly assigned to intervention (8/4 women/men, 57 ± 8 years) or Placebo (9/4 women/men, 50 ± 9 years). Intervention group showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease of body weight, BMI, fat mass, insulin, HOMA Index and uric acid. Patients in intervention and control groups showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) of GLP-1. Intervention group showed an increase (p < 0.05) of Vitamin D as well. In conclusion, the 60-day S. boulardii-SOD supplementation in obese subjects determined a significant weight loss with consequent decrease on fat mass, with preservation of fat free mass. The decrease of HOMA index and uric acid, produced additional benefits in obesity management. The observed increase in vitamin D levels in treated group requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Niccolò Miraglia
- Clinical & Pre-Clinical Development, Gnosis SpA, 20121 Milan, Italy;
- Business Unit of the Lesaffre Group, Lesaffre, 59703 Marcq-en-Baroeul, France
| | | | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-381-739
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Mara Nichetti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, Sakhir Campus, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain;
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41
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Abdalla H, Aharonian F, Ait Benkhali F, Angüner EO, Arcaro C, Armand C, Armstrong T, Ashkar H, Backes M, Baghmanyan V, Barbosa Martins V, Barnacka A, Barnard M, Becherini Y, Berge D, Bernlöhr K, Bi B, Bissaldi E, Böttcher M, Boisson C, Bolmont J, de Bony de Lavergne M, Breuhaus M, Brun F, Brun P, Bryan M, Büchele M, Bulik T, Bylund T, Caroff S, Carosi A, Casanova S, Chand T, Chandra S, Chen A, Cotter G, Curyło M, Damascene Mbarubucyeye J, Davids ID, Davies J, Deil C, Devin J, Dirson L, Djannati-Ataï A, Dmytriiev A, Donath A, Doroshenko V, Dreyer L, Duffy C, Dyks J, Egberts K, Eichhorn F, Einecke S, Emery G, Ernenwein JP, Feijen K, Fegan S, Fiasson A, Fichet de Clairfontaine G, Fontaine G, Funk S, Füßling M, Gabici S, Gallant YA, Giavitto G, Giunti L, Glawion D, Glicenstein JF, Grondin MH, Hahn J, Haupt M, Hermann G, Hinton JA, Hofmann W, Hoischen C, Holch TL, Holler M, Hörbe M, Horns D, Huber D, Jamrozy M, Jankowsky D, Jankowsky F, Jardin-Blicq A, Joshi V, Jung-Richardt I, Kasai E, Kastendieck MA, Katarzyński K, Katz U, Khangulyan D, Khélifi B, Klepser S, Kluźniak W, Komin N, Konno R, Kosack K, Kostunin D, Kreter M, Lamanna G, Lemière A, Lemoine-Goumard M, Lenain JP, Leuschner F, Levy C, Lohse T, Lypova I, Mackey J, Majumdar J, Malyshev D, Malyshev D, Marandon V, Marchegiani P, Marcowith A, Mares A, Martí-Devesa G, Marx R, Maurin G, Meintjes PJ, Meyer M, Mitchell A, Moderski R, Mohrmann L, Montanari A, Moore C, Morris P, Moulin E, Muller J, Murach T, Nakashima K, Nayerhoda A, de Naurois M, Ndiyavala H, Niemiec J, Oakes L, O'Brien P, Odaka H, Ohm S, Olivera-Nieto L, de Ona Wilhelmi E, Ostrowski M, Panny S, Panter M, Parsons RD, Peron G, Peyaud B, Piel Q, Pita S, Poireau V, Priyana Noel A, Prokhorov DA, Prokoph H, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Quirrenbach A, Raab S, Rauth R, Reichherzer P, Reimer A, Reimer O, Remy Q, Renaud M, Rieger F, Rinchiuso L, Romoli C, Rowell G, Rudak B, Ruiz-Velasco E, Sahakian V, Sailer S, Salzmann H, Sanchez DA, Santangelo A, Sasaki M, Scalici M, Schäfer J, Schüssler F, Schutte HM, Schwanke U, Seglar-Arroyo M, Senniappan M, Seyffert AS, Shafi N, Shapopi JNS, Shiningayamwe K, Simoni R, Sinha A, Sol H, Specovius A, Spencer S, Spir-Jacob M, Stawarz Ł, Sun L, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Steinmassl S, Steppa C, Takahashi T, Tam T, Tavernier T, Taylor AM, Terrier R, Thiersen JHE, Tiziani D, Tluczykont M, Tomankova L, Tsirou M, Tuffs R, Uchiyama Y, van der Walt DJ, van Eldik C, van Rensburg C, van Soelen B, Vasileiadis G, Veh J, Venter C, Vincent P, Vink J, Völk HJ, Wadiasingh Z, Wagner SJ, Watson J, Werner F, White R, Wierzcholska A, Wong YW, Yusafzai A, Zacharias M, Zanin R, Zargaryan D, Zdziarski AA, Zech A, Zhu SJ, Zorn J, Zouari S, Żywucka N, Evans P, Page K. Revealing x-ray and gamma ray temporal and spectral similarities in the GRB 190829A afterglow. Science 2021; 372:1081-1085. [PMID: 34083487 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe8560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which are bright flashes of gamma rays from extragalactic sources followed by fading afterglow emission, are associated with stellar core collapse events. We report the detection of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays from the afterglow of GRB 190829A, between 4 and 56 hours after the trigger, using the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). The low luminosity and redshift of GRB 190829A reduce both internal and external absorption, allowing determination of its intrinsic energy spectrum. Between energies of 0.18 and 3.3 tera-electron volts, this spectrum is described by a power law with photon index of 2.07 ± 0.09, similar to the x-ray spectrum. The x-ray and VHE gamma-ray light curves also show similar decay profiles. These similar characteristics in the x-ray and gamma-ray bands challenge GRB afterglow emission scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H Abdalla
- University of Namibia, Department of Physics, Windhoek 10005, Namibia
| | - F Aharonian
- Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin 2, Ireland. .,Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany.,High Energy Astrophysics Laboratory, Russian-Armenian University (RAU), Yerevan 0051, Armenia
| | - F Ait Benkhali
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E O Angüner
- Aix Marseille Université, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)/Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et Physique des Particules (IN2P3), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Marseille, France
| | - C Arcaro
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - C Armand
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - T Armstrong
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - H Ashkar
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Backes
- University of Namibia, Department of Physics, Windhoek 10005, Namibia.,Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - V Baghmanyan
- Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej Polskiej Akademii Nauk (PAN), 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - A Barnacka
- Obserwatorium Astronomiczne, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, 30-244 Kraków, Poland
| | - M Barnard
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Y Becherini
- Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linnaeus University, 351 95 Växjö, Sweden
| | - D Berge
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Bernlöhr
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Bi
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, D 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - E Bissaldi
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - M Böttcher
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - C Boisson
- Laboratoire Univers et Théories, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris, 92190 Meudon, France
| | - J Bolmont
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), F-75252 Paris, France
| | - M de Bony de Lavergne
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - M Breuhaus
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Brun
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Brun
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Bryan
- Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics at the University of Amsterdam (GRAPPA), Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Büchele
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - T Bulik
- Astronomical Observatory, The University of Warsaw, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Bylund
- Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linnaeus University, 351 95 Växjö, Sweden
| | - S Caroff
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Carosi
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - S Casanova
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany.,Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej Polskiej Akademii Nauk (PAN), 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - T Chand
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - S Chandra
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - A Chen
- School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - G Cotter
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - M Curyło
- Astronomical Observatory, The University of Warsaw, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - I D Davids
- University of Namibia, Department of Physics, Windhoek 10005, Namibia
| | - J Davies
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - C Deil
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Devin
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - L Dirson
- Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, D 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Djannati-Ataï
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - A Dmytriiev
- Laboratoire Univers et Théories, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris, 92190 Meudon, France
| | - A Donath
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Doroshenko
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, D 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Dreyer
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - C Duffy
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - J Dyks
- Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Egberts
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, D 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - F Eichhorn
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Einecke
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - G Emery
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J-P Ernenwein
- Aix Marseille Université, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)/Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et Physique des Particules (IN2P3), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Marseille, France
| | - K Feijen
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - S Fegan
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Fiasson
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - G Fichet de Clairfontaine
- Laboratoire Univers et Théories, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris, 92190 Meudon, France
| | - G Fontaine
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S Funk
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Füßling
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - S Gabici
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Y A Gallant
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - G Giavitto
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - L Giunti
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - D Glawion
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J F Glicenstein
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M-H Grondin
- Université Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - J Hahn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Haupt
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - G Hermann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J A Hinton
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - W Hofmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Hoischen
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, D 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - T L Holch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - M Holler
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Hörbe
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - D Horns
- Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, D 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Huber
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Jamrozy
- Obserwatorium Astronomiczne, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, 30-244 Kraków, Poland
| | - D Jankowsky
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - F Jankowsky
- Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Jardin-Blicq
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Joshi
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - I Jung-Richardt
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - E Kasai
- University of Namibia, Department of Physics, Windhoek 10005, Namibia
| | - M A Kastendieck
- Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, D 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Katarzyński
- Institute of Astronomy, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - U Katz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Khangulyan
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
| | - B Khélifi
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - S Klepser
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - W Kluźniak
- Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nu Komin
- School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - R Konno
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Kosack
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Kostunin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - M Kreter
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - G Lamanna
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Lemière
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - M Lemoine-Goumard
- Université Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - J-P Lenain
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), F-75252 Paris, France
| | - F Leuschner
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, D 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - C Levy
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), F-75252 Paris, France
| | - T Lohse
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - I Lypova
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Mackey
- Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - J Majumdar
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - D Malyshev
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, D 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - D Malyshev
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - V Marandon
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Marchegiani
- School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - A Marcowith
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - A Mares
- Université Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - G Martí-Devesa
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Marx
- Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Maurin
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - P J Meintjes
- Department of Physics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - M Meyer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Mitchell
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Moderski
- Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Mohrmann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Montanari
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Moore
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - P Morris
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - E Moulin
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Muller
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - T Murach
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Nakashima
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Nayerhoda
- Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej Polskiej Akademii Nauk (PAN), 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - M de Naurois
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - H Ndiyavala
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - J Niemiec
- Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej Polskiej Akademii Nauk (PAN), 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - L Oakes
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - P O'Brien
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - H Odaka
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - S Ohm
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - L Olivera-Nieto
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - M Ostrowski
- Obserwatorium Astronomiczne, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, 30-244 Kraków, Poland
| | - S Panny
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Panter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R D Parsons
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - G Peron
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Peyaud
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Q Piel
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - S Pita
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - V Poireau
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Priyana Noel
- Obserwatorium Astronomiczne, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, 30-244 Kraków, Poland
| | - D A Prokhorov
- Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics at the University of Amsterdam (GRAPPA), Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - H Prokoph
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - G Pühlhofer
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, D 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Punch
- Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linnaeus University, 351 95 Växjö, Sweden.,Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - A Quirrenbach
- Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Raab
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - R Rauth
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P Reichherzer
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Reimer
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - O Reimer
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Q Remy
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Renaud
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - F Rieger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Rinchiuso
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Romoli
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - G Rowell
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - B Rudak
- Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Ruiz-Velasco
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - V Sahakian
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Sailer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Salzmann
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, D 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - D A Sanchez
- Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Santangelo
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, D 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Sasaki
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Scalici
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, D 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Schäfer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - F Schüssler
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - H M Schutte
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - U Schwanke
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Seglar-Arroyo
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Senniappan
- Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linnaeus University, 351 95 Växjö, Sweden
| | - A S Seyffert
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - N Shafi
- School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - J N S Shapopi
- University of Namibia, Department of Physics, Windhoek 10005, Namibia
| | - K Shiningayamwe
- University of Namibia, Department of Physics, Windhoek 10005, Namibia
| | - R Simoni
- Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics at the University of Amsterdam (GRAPPA), Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Sinha
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - H Sol
- Laboratoire Univers et Théories, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris, 92190 Meudon, France
| | - A Specovius
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Spencer
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - M Spir-Jacob
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Ł Stawarz
- Obserwatorium Astronomiczne, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, 30-244 Kraków, Poland
| | - L Sun
- Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics at the University of Amsterdam (GRAPPA), Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - R Steenkamp
- University of Namibia, Department of Physics, Windhoek 10005, Namibia
| | - C Stegmann
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, D 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - S Steinmassl
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Steppa
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, D 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - T Takahashi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI)), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8583, Japan
| | - T Tam
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - T Tavernier
- Institute for Research on the Fundamental Laws of the Universe (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A M Taylor
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
| | - R Terrier
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - J H E Thiersen
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - D Tiziani
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Tluczykont
- Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, D 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - L Tomankova
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Tsirou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Tuffs
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Y Uchiyama
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - D J van der Walt
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - C van Eldik
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C van Rensburg
- University of Namibia, Department of Physics, Windhoek 10005, Namibia
| | - B van Soelen
- Department of Physics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - G Vasileiadis
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - J Veh
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Venter
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - P Vincent
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), F-75252 Paris, France
| | - J Vink
- Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics at the University of Amsterdam (GRAPPA), Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - H J Völk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Z Wadiasingh
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - S J Wagner
- Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Watson
- University of Oxford, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - F Werner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R White
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Wierzcholska
- Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej Polskiej Akademii Nauk (PAN), 31-342 Kraków, Poland.,Landessternwarte, Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yu Wun Wong
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Yusafzai
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Zacharias
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.,Laboratoire Univers et Théories, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris, 92190 Meudon, France
| | - R Zanin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Zargaryan
- Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin 2, Ireland.,High Energy Astrophysics Laboratory, Russian-Armenian University (RAU), Yerevan 0051, Armenia
| | - A A Zdziarski
- Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-716 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Zech
- Laboratoire Univers et Théories, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris, 92190 Meudon, France
| | - S J Zhu
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany.
| | - J Zorn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Zouari
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - N Żywucka
- Centre for Space Research, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - P Evans
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - K Page
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
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Dahan M, Guillon S, Cavadias I, Brun P, Krief D, Becette V, Pineau V, Rouzier R. [Erratum to « Update on precursors of vulvar carcinoma » [Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil. Senol. 49 (2021]]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2021; 49:567. [PMID: 33771737 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Dahan
- Institut Curie Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UFR sciences de la santé, Versailles, France.
| | - S Guillon
- Institut Curie Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UFR sciences de la santé, Versailles, France
| | - I Cavadias
- Institut Curie Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UFR sciences de la santé, Versailles, France
| | - P Brun
- Institut Curie Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UFR sciences de la santé, Versailles, France
| | - D Krief
- Institut Curie Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UFR sciences de la santé, Versailles, France
| | - V Becette
- Institut Curie Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UFR sciences de la santé, Versailles, France
| | - V Pineau
- Institut Curie Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UFR sciences de la santé, Versailles, France
| | - R Rouzier
- Institut Curie Saint-Cloud, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France; Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UFR sciences de la santé, Versailles, France
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43
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Brun P, Conti J, Zatta V, Russo V, Scarpa M, Kotsafti A, Porzionato A, De Caro R, Scarpa M, Fassan M, Calistri A, Castagliuolo I. Persistent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection of Enteric Neurons Triggers CD8 + T Cell Response and Gastrointestinal Neuromuscular Dysfunction. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:615350. [PMID: 34094993 PMCID: PMC8169984 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.615350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Behind the central nervous system, neurotropic viruses can reach and persist even in the enteric nervous system (ENS), the neuronal network embedded in the gut wall. We recently reported that immediately following orogastric (OG) administration, Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 infects murine enteric neurons and recruits mononuclear cells in the myenteric plexus. In the current work, we took those findings a step forward by investigating the persistence of HSV-1 in the ENS and the local adaptive immune responses against HSV-1 that might contribute to neuronal damage in an animal model. Our study demonstrated specific viral RNA transcripts and proteins in the longitudinal muscle layer containing the myenteric plexus (LMMP) up to 10 weeks post HSV-1 infection. CD3+CD8+INFγ+ lymphocytes skewed towards HSV-1 antigens infiltrated the myenteric ganglia starting from the 6th week of infection and persist up to 10 weeks post-OG HSV-1 inoculation. CD3+CD8+ cells isolated from the LMMP of the infected mice recognized HSV-1 antigens expressed by infected enteric neurons. In vivo, infiltrating activated lymphocytes were involved in controlling viral replication and intestinal neuromuscular dysfunction. Indeed, by depleting the CD8+ cells by administering specific monoclonal antibody we observed a partial amelioration of intestinal dysmotility in HSV-1 infected mice but increased expression of viral genes. Our findings demonstrate that HSV-1 persistently infects enteric neurons that in turn express viral antigens, leading them to recruit activated CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes. The T-cell responses toward HSV-1 antigens persistently expressed in enteric neurons can alter the integrity of the ENS predisposing to neuromuscular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Jessica Conti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Veronica Zatta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Venera Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Melania Scarpa
- Laboratory of Advanced Translational Research, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Andromachi Kotsafti
- Laboratory of Advanced Translational Research, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele De Caro
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Scarpa
- General Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Arianna Calistri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Scarpa M, Ruffolo C, Kotsafti A, Canal F, Erroi F, Basato S, DallAgnese L, Fiorot A, Pozza A, Brun P, Bassi N, Dei Tos A, Castoro C, Castagliuolo I, Scarpa M. MLH1 Deficiency Down-Regulates TLR4 Expression in Sporadic Colorectal Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:624873. [PMID: 34026821 PMCID: PMC8139190 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.624873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient colorectal cancer (CRC) have a more favorable prognosis than patients with tumors with intact MMR. In order to obtain further insights on the reasons for this different outcome, we investigated the interplay between MMR genes and TLR4/MyD88 signaling. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) databases were selected to predict the differential expression of TLR4 in colon cancer and its correlation with MMR genes. Moreover, the expression of MMR genes and TLR4 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 113 CRC samples and a cohort of 63 patients was used to assess TLR4 mRNA expression and MLH1 epigenetic silencing status. In vitro, the effect of MLH1 knockdown on TLR4 expression was quantified by Real Time PCR. TLR4 expression resulted dependent on MMR status and directly correlated to MLH1 expression. In vitro, MLH1 silencing decreased TLR4 expression. These observations may reflect the better prognosis and the chemoresistance of patients with CRC and MMR defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Scarpa
- Laboratory of Advanced Translational Research, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Cesare Ruffolo
- Clinica Chirurgica I, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Andromachi Kotsafti
- Laboratory of Advanced Translational Research, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Canal
- Pathology Unit, Treviso Regional Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Francesca Erroi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Basato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Lucia DallAgnese
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alain Fiorot
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Pozza
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine DMM, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicol Bassi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology DISCOG, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Dei Tos
- Pathology Unit, Treviso Regional Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Carlo Castoro
- Oncological Surgery Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Marco Scarpa
- Clinica Chirurgica I, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padua, Italy
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Brun P, Akbarali HI, Castagliuolo I. Editorial: The Gut Microbiota Orchestrates the Neuronal-Immune System. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:672685. [PMID: 33855030 PMCID: PMC8039309 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.672685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Hamid I Akbarali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Bernabè G, Dal Pra M, Ronca V, Pauletto A, Marzaro G, Saluzzo F, Stefani A, Artusi I, De Filippis V, Ferlin MG, Brun P, Castagliuolo I. A Novel Aza-Derivative Inhibits agr Quorum Sensing Signaling and Synergizes Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to Clindamycin. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:610859. [PMID: 33633702 PMCID: PMC7899991 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.610859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic resistance and diminishing pharmaceutical industry investments have increased the need for molecules that can treat infections caused by dangerous pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Quorum Sensing (QS) is a signaling mechanism that regulates bacterial virulence in pathogens. A report demonstrating that the anti-inflammatory drug Diflunisal reduces MRSA virulence factors' expression prompted us to design, synthesize and test 16 aza-analogs as inhibitors of S. aureus virulence factors controlled by the accessory gene regulator (agr) QS system. At first, we evaluated by qRT-PCR the activity of compounds on rnaIII expression, a QS related gene. Azan-7 was the most active molecule tested and it did not show cytotoxic activity in human cell lines. Moreover, we demonstrated that it did not affect bacterial proliferation. Regulation of MRSA virulence genes by Azan-7 was investigated using qRT-PCR and RNAseq. Azan-7 significantly reduced hla, psmα, hysA, agrA, cap1A, and cap1C gene expression. In silico docking demonstrated that Azan-7 binds the response regulator AgrA. This data was confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) reporting that Azan-7 binding to AgrA protein strongly reduced the AgrA-DNA complex formation at the P3 promoter region involved in the regulation of rnaIII transcription. Azan-7 inhibited MRSA-mediated haemolysis, reduced survival of the pathogen at low pH levels, and increased macrophage killing. In addition, Azan-7 enhanced MRSA susceptibility to clindamycin both in planktonic growth and biofilm. Azan-7 did not induce resistance over 10 days in culture. It was equally active against all the AgrA MRSA subtypes encountered among clinical isolates, but it was not active against Staphylococcus epidermidis, although the AgrA proteins show an approximate 80% homology. These results demonstrate that Azan-7 inhibits the expression of MRSA virulence factors by interfering in the QS and synergizes MRSA biofilm with clindamycin, indicating the compound as a promising candidate for the treatment of MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Dal Pra
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vittoria Ronca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Anthony Pauletto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marzaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Annalisa Stefani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Ilaria Artusi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Filippis
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ferlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Salaris C, Scarpa M, Elli M, Bertolini A, Guglielmetti S, Pregliasco F, Blandizzi C, Brun P, Castagliuolo I. Protective Effects of Lactoferrin against SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020328. [PMID: 33498631 PMCID: PMC7911668 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a newly emerging virus that currently lacks curative treatments. Lactoferrin (LF) is a naturally occurring non-toxic glycoprotein with broad-spectrum antiviral, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we assessed the potential of LF in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Antiviral immune response gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR in uninfected Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells treated with LF. An infection assay for SARS-CoV-2 was performed in Caco-2 cells treated or not with LF. SARS-CoV-2 titer was determined by qRT-PCR, plaque assay and immunostaining. Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production was determined by qRT-PCR. LF significantly induced the expression of IFNA1, IFNB1, TLR3, TLR7, IRF3, IRF7 and MAVS genes. Furthermore, LF partially inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. Our in vitro data support LF as an immune modulator of the antiviral immune response with moderate effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Salaris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.S.); (A.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Melania Scarpa
- Laboratory of Advanced Translational Research, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Marina Elli
- AAT-Advanced Analytical Technologies S.r.l., Fiorenzuola d’Arda, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
| | - Alice Bertolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.S.); (A.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Pregliasco
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, University of Milan, 20136 Milan, Italy;
| | - Corrado Blandizzi
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.S.); (A.B.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (C.S.); (A.B.); (I.C.)
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Salaris C, Scarpa M, Elli M, Bertolini A, Guglielmetti S, Pregliasco F, Brun P, Castagliuolo I. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DG enhances the lactoferrin anti-SARS-CoV-2 response in Caco-2 cells. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1961970. [PMID: 34365895 PMCID: PMC8354669 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1961970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing the ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which primarily manifests with respiratory distress and may also lead to symptoms associated with the gastrointestinal tract. Probiotics are living microorganisms that have been shown to confer immune benefits. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of three different Lacticaseibacillus probiotic strains, either alone or in combination with lactoferrin, using the intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell line. Our results revealed that the Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DG strain significantly induced the expression of genes involved in protective antiviral immunity and prevented the expression of proinflammatory genes triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, L. paracasei DG significantly inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. L. paracasei DG also positively affected the antiviral immune activity of lactoferrin and significantly augmented its anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. Overall, our work shows that the probiotic strain L. paracasei DG is a promising candidate that exhibits prophylactic potential against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Salaris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Melania Scarpa
- Laboratory of Advanced Translational Research, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Marina Elli
- AAT-Advanced Analytical Technologies S.r.l., Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Alice Bertolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (Defens), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Ruíz-Roso MB, de Carvalho Padilha P, Matilla-Escalante DC, Brun P, Ulloa N, Acevedo-Correa D, Arantes Ferreira Peres W, Martorell M, Rangel Bousquet Carrilho T, de Oliveira Cardoso L, Carrasco-Marín F, Paternina-Sierra K, Lopez de las Hazas MC, Rodriguez-Meza JE, Villalba-Montero LF, Bernabè G, Pauletto A, Taci X, Cárcamo-Regla R, Martínez JA, Dávalos A. Changes of Physical Activity and Ultra-Processed Food Consumption in Adolescents from Different Countries during Covid-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082289. [PMID: 32751721 PMCID: PMC7468997 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM to describe physical activity and ultra-processed foods consumption, their changes and sociodemographic predictors among adolescents from countries in Europe (Italy and Spain) and Latin America (Brazil, Chile, and Colombia) during the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic period. METHODS Cross-sectional study via web survey. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and weekly ultra-processed food consumption data were used. To compare the frequencies of physical activity status with sociodemographic variables, a multinomial logistic and a multiple logistic regression for habitual ultra-processed foods was performed. In final models, p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Sample of 726 adolescents, mostly females (59.6%) aged 16-19 years old (54.3%). Adolescents from Latin America presented odds ratio (OR) 2.98 (CI 95% 1.80-4.94) of being inactive and those whose mothers had higher level of education were less active during lockdown [OR 0.40 (CI 95% 0.20-0.84)]. The habitual ultra-processed consumption was also high during this period in all countries, and more prevalent in Latin America. CONCLUSION A higher prevalence of inactivity was observed in this population, but reductions of physical activity and habitual ultra-processed consumption during the pandemic were more pronounced in Latin America. Our findings reinforce the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle, i.e., exercise and diet, during periods of social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Ruíz-Roso
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)–Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.C.M.-E.); (M.-C.L.d.l.H.)
- Correspondence: (M.B.R.-R.); (P.d.C.P.); ; (A.D.); Tel.: +34-91-279-6985 (A.D.)
| | - Patricia de Carvalho Padilha
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)–Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.C.M.-E.); (M.-C.L.d.l.H.)
- Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (W.A.F.P.); (T.R.B.C.)
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Correspondence: (M.B.R.-R.); (P.d.C.P.); ; (A.D.); Tel.: +34-91-279-6985 (A.D.)
| | - Diana C. Matilla-Escalante
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)–Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.C.M.-E.); (M.-C.L.d.l.H.)
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35100 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (X.T.)
| | - Natalia Ulloa
- Centro Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, BíoBío, Chile; (N.U.); (M.M.); (F.C.-M.); (R.C.-R.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Diofanor Acevedo-Correa
- Research Group in Innovation and Agricultural and Agroindustrial Development, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 48-152, Colombia; (D.A.-C.); (K.P.-S.); (J.E.R.-M.)
| | - Wilza Arantes Ferreira Peres
- Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (W.A.F.P.); (T.R.B.C.)
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Centro Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, BíoBío, Chile; (N.U.); (M.M.); (F.C.-M.); (R.C.-R.)
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Thais Rangel Bousquet Carrilho
- Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (W.A.F.P.); (T.R.B.C.)
| | | | - Fernanda Carrasco-Marín
- Centro Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, BíoBío, Chile; (N.U.); (M.M.); (F.C.-M.); (R.C.-R.)
| | - Katherine Paternina-Sierra
- Research Group in Innovation and Agricultural and Agroindustrial Development, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 48-152, Colombia; (D.A.-C.); (K.P.-S.); (J.E.R.-M.)
| | - María-Carmen Lopez de las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)–Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.C.M.-E.); (M.-C.L.d.l.H.)
| | - Jhon E. Rodriguez-Meza
- Research Group in Innovation and Agricultural and Agroindustrial Development, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias 48-152, Colombia; (D.A.-C.); (K.P.-S.); (J.E.R.-M.)
| | | | - Giulia Bernabè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35100 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (X.T.)
| | - Anthony Pauletto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35100 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (X.T.)
| | - Xhoajda Taci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35100 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (X.T.)
| | - Richar Cárcamo-Regla
- Centro Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, BíoBío, Chile; (N.U.); (M.M.); (F.C.-M.); (R.C.-R.)
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Ciber de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Nutrition and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, IDISNA Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies Food (IMDEA Food), CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)–Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (D.C.M.-E.); (M.-C.L.d.l.H.)
- Correspondence: (M.B.R.-R.); (P.d.C.P.); ; (A.D.); Tel.: +34-91-279-6985 (A.D.)
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Abstract
The discovery of several unexpected complex biological roles of hyaluronic acid (HA) has promoted new research impetus for biologists and, the clinical interest in several fields of medicine, such as ophthalmology, articular pathologies, cutaneous repair, skin remodeling, vascular prosthesis, adipose tissue engineering, nerve reconstruction and cancer therapy. In addition, the great potential of HA in medicine has stimulated the interest of pharmaceutical companies which, by means of new technologies can produce HA and several new derivatives in order to increase both the residence time in a variety of human tissues and the anti-inflammatory properties. Minor chemical modifications of the molecule, such as the esterification with benzyl alcohol (Hyaff-11® biomaterials), have made possible the production of water-insoluble polymers that have been manufactured in various forms: membranes, gauzes, nonwoven meshes, gels, tubes. All these biomaterials are used as wound-covering, anti-adhesive devices and as scaffolds for tissue engineering, such as epidermis, dermis, micro-vascularized skin, cartilage and bone. In this review, the essential biological functions of HA and the applications of its derivatives for pharmaceutical and tissue regeneration purposes are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Abatangelo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - V. Vindigni
- Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (V.V.); (L.P.)
| | - G. Avruscio
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Angiology Unit, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - L. Pandis
- Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (V.V.); (L.P.)
| | - P. Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Histology unit, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy;
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