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de León P, Cañas-Arranz R, Bustos MJ, Sáiz M, Sobrino F. Inhibition of Human Coronaviruses by Combinations of Host-Targeted and Direct-Acting Antivirals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0170322. [PMID: 36975844 PMCID: PMC10112268 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01703-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiviral compounds targeting cellular metabolism are part of the therapeutic arsenal to control the spread of virus infection, either as sole treatment or in combination with direct-acting antivirals (DAA) or vaccines. Here, we describe the effect of two of them, lauryl gallate (LG) and valproic acid (VPA) both exhibiting a wide antiviral spectrum, against infection by coronaviruses such as HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, and SARS-CoV-2. A consistent 2 to 4-log-decrease in virus yields was observed in the presence of each antiviral, with an average IC50 value of 1.6 μM for LG and 7.2 mM for VPA. Similar levels of inhibition were observed when adding the drug 1 h before adsorption, at the time of infection or 2 h after infection, supporting a postvirus entry mechanism of action. The specificity of the antiviral effect of LG against SARS-CoV-2, relative to other related compounds such as gallic acid (G) and epicatechin gallate (ECG), predicted to be better inhibitors according to in silico studies, was also demonstrated. The combined addition of LG, VPA, and remdesivir (RDV), a DAA with a proven effect against human coronaviruses, resulted in a robust synergistic effect between LG and VPA, and to a lesser extent between the other drug combinations. These findings reinforce the interest of these wide antiviral spectrum host-targeted compounds as a first line of defense against viral diseases or as a vaccine complement to minimize the gap in antibody-mediated protection evoked by vaccines, either in the case of SARS-CoV-2 or for other possible emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de León
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Cañas-Arranz
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Bustos
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Sáiz
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Caridi F, Cañas-Arranz R, Vázquez-Calvo Á, de León P, Calderón KI, Domingo E, Sobrino F, Martín-Acebes MA. Adaptive value of foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid substitutions with opposite effects on particle acid stability. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23494. [PMID: 34873184 PMCID: PMC8648728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02757-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a picornavirus that exhibits an extremely acid sensitive capsid. This acid lability is directly related to its mechanism of uncoating triggered by acidification inside cellular endosomes. Using a collection of FMDV mutants we have systematically analyzed the relationship between acid stability and the requirement for acidic endosomes using ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), an inhibitor of endosome acidification. A FMDV mutant carrying two substitutions with opposite effects on acid-stability (VP3 A116V that reduces acid stability, and VP1 N17D that increases acid stability) displayed a rapid shift towards acid lability that resulted in increased resistance to NH4Cl as well as to concanamicyn A, a different lysosomotropic agent. This resistance could be explained by a higher ability of the mutant populations to produce NH4Cl-resistant variants, as supported by their tendency to accumulate mutations related to NH4Cl-resistance that was higher than that of the WT populations. Competition experiments also indicated that the combination of both amino acid substitutions promoted an increase of viral fitness that likely contributed to NH4Cl resistance. This study provides novel evidences supporting that the combination of mutations in a viral capsid can result in compensatory effects that lead to fitness gain, and facilitate space to an inhibitor of acid-dependent uncoating. Thus, although drug-resistant variants usually exhibit a reduction in viral fitness, our results indicate that compensatory mutations that restore this reduction in fitness can promote emergence of resistance mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Caridi
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Patricia de León
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Esteban Domingo
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Martín-Acebes
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Cañas-Arranz R, de León P, Defaus S, Torres E, Forner M, Bustos MJ, Andreu D, Blanco E, Sobrino F. Immunogenicity of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Dendrimer Peptides: Need for a T-Cell Epitope and Ability to Elicit Heterotypic Responses. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164714. [PMID: 34443302 PMCID: PMC8398643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An approach based on a dendrimer display of B- and T-cell epitopes relevant for antibody induction has been shown to be effective as a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine. B2T dendrimers combining two copies of the major FMD virus (FMDV) type O B-cell epitope (capsid proteinVP1 (140–158)) covalently linked to a heterotypic T-cell epitope from non-structural protein 3A (21–35), henceforth B2T-3A, has previously been shown to elicit high neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers and IFN-γ-producing cells in both mice and pigs. Here, we provide evidence that the B- and T-cell epitopes need to be tethered to a single molecular platform for successful T-cell help, leading to efficient nAb induction in mice. In addition, mice immunized with a non-covalent mixture of B2T-3A dendrimers containing the B-cell epitopes of FMDV types O and C induced similarly high nAb levels against both serotypes, opening the way for a multivalent vaccine platform against a variety of serologically different FMDVs. These findings are relevant for the design of vaccine strategies based on B- and T-cell epitope combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Cañas-Arranz
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.J.B.)
| | - Patricia de León
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.J.B.)
| | - Sira Defaus
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS-UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.F.); (D.A.)
| | - Elisa Torres
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), 28130 Valdeolmos, Spain; (E.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Mar Forner
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS-UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.F.); (D.A.)
| | - María J. Bustos
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.J.B.)
| | - David Andreu
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS-UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.F.); (D.A.)
| | - Esther Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), 28130 Valdeolmos, Spain; (E.T.); (E.B.)
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Forner M, Cañas-Arranz R, Defaus S, de León P, Rodríguez-Pulido M, Ganges L, Blanco E, Sobrino F, Andreu D. Peptide-Based Vaccines: Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus, a Paradigm in Animal Health. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050477. [PMID: 34066901 PMCID: PMC8150788 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are considered one of the greatest global health achievements, improving the welfare of society by saving lives and substantially reducing the burden of infectious diseases. However, few vaccines are fully effective, for reasons ranging from intrinsic limitations to more contingent shortcomings related, e.g., to cold chain transport, handling and storage. In this context, subunit vaccines where the essential antigenic traits (but not the entire pathogen) are presented in rationally designed fashion have emerged as an attractive alternative to conventional ones. In particular, this includes the option of fully synthetic peptide vaccines able to mimic well-defined B- and T-cell epitopes from the infectious agent and to induce protection against it. Although, in general, linear peptides have been associated to low immunogenicity and partial protection, there are several strategies to address such issues. In this review, we report the progress towards the development of peptide-based vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) a highly transmissible, economically devastating animal disease. Starting from preliminary experiments using single linear B-cell epitopes, recent research has led to more complex and successful second-generation vaccines featuring peptide dendrimers containing multiple copies of B- and T-cell epitopes against FMD virus or classical swine fever virus (CSFV). The usefulness of this strategy to prevent other animal and human diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Forner
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS-UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (S.D.)
| | - Rodrigo Cañas-Arranz
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.R.-P.)
| | - Sira Defaus
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS-UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (S.D.)
| | - Patricia de León
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.R.-P.)
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Pulido
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.R.-P.)
| | - Llilianne Ganges
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), OIE Reference Laboratory for Classical Swine Fever, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Esther Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), 28130 Valdeolmos, Spain;
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.R.-P.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (D.A.)
| | - David Andreu
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS-UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (D.A.)
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de León P, Cañas-Arranz R, Defaus S, Torres E, Forner M, Bustos MJ, Revilla C, Dominguez J, Andreu D, Blanco E, Sobrino F. Swine T-Cells and Specific Antibodies Evoked by Peptide Dendrimers Displaying Different FMDV T-Cell Epitopes. Front Immunol 2021; 11:621537. [PMID: 33613553 PMCID: PMC7886804 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.621537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimeric peptide constructs based on a lysine core that comprises both B- and T-cell epitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) have proven a successful strategy for the development of FMD vaccines. Specifically, B2T dendrimers displaying two copies of the major type O FMDV antigenic B-cell epitope located on the virus capsid [VP1 (140–158)], covalently linked to a heterotypic T-cell epitope from either non-structural protein 3A [3A (21–35)] or 3D [3D (56–70)], named B2T-3A and B2T-3D, respectively, elicit high levels of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and IFN-γ-producing cells in pigs. To assess whether the inclusion and orientation of T-3A and T-3D T-cell epitopes in a single molecule could modulate immunogenicity, dendrimers with T epitopes juxtaposed in both possible orientations, i.e., constructs B2TT-3A3D and B2TT-3D3A, were made and tested in pigs. Both dendrimers elicited high nAbs titers that broadly neutralized type O FMDVs, although B2TT-3D3A did not respond to boosting, and induced lower IgGs titers, in particular IgG2, than B2TT-3A3D. Pigs immunized with B2, a control dendrimer displaying two B-cell epitope copies and no T-cell epitope, gave no nABs, confirming T-3A and T-3D as T helper epitopes. The T-3D peptide was found to be an immunodominant, as it produced more IFN-γ expressing cells than T-3A in the in vitro recall assay. Besides, in pigs immunized with the different dendrimeric peptides, CD4+ T-cells were the major subset contributing to IFN-γ expression upon in vitro recall, and depletion of CD4+ cells from PBMCs abolished the production of this cytokine. Most CD4+IFN-γ+ cells showed a memory (CD4+2E3−) and a multifunctional phenotype, as they expressed both IFN-γ and TNF-α, suggesting that the peptides induced a potent Th1 pro-inflammatory response. Furthermore, not only the presence, but also the orientation of T-cell epitopes influenced the T-cell response, as B2TT-3D3A and B2 groups had fewer cells expressing both cytokines. These results help understand how B2T-type dendrimers triggers T-cell populations, highlighting their potential as next-generation FMD vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de León
- Microbes in Health and Welfare Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Cañas-Arranz
- Microbes in Health and Welfare Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sira Defaus
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Torres
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Forner
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María J Bustos
- Microbes in Health and Welfare Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Revilla
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Dominguez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Microbes in Health and Welfare Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
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de León P, Cañas-Arranz R, Saez Y, Forner M, Defaus S, Cuadra D, Bustos MJ, Torres E, Andreu D, Blanco E, Sobrino F, Hammer SE. Association of Porcine Swine Leukocyte Antigen (SLA) Haplotypes with B- and T-Cell Immune Response to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) Peptides. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030513. [PMID: 32911818 PMCID: PMC7563261 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimer peptides are promising vaccine candidates against the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Several B-cell epitope (B2T) dendrimers, harboring a major FMDV antigenic B-cell site in VP1 protein, are covalently linked to heterotypic T-cell epitopes from 3A and/or 3D proteins, and elicited consistent levels of neutralizing antibodies and IFN-γ-producing cells in pigs. To address the contribution of the highly polymorphic nature of the porcine MHC (SLA, swine leukocyte antigen) on the immunogenicity of B2T dendrimers, low-resolution (Lr) haplotyping was performed. We looked for possible correlations between particular Lr haplotypes with neutralizing antibody and T-cell responses induced by B2T peptides. In this study, 63 pigs immunized with B2T dendrimers and 10 non-immunized (control) animals are analyzed. The results reveal a robust significant correlation between SLA class-II Lr haplotypes and the T-cell response. Similar correlations of T-cell response with SLA class-I Lr haplotypes, and between B-cell antibody response and SLA class-I and SLA class-II Lr haplotypes, were only found when the sample was reduced to animals with Lr haplotypes represented more than once. These results support the contribution of SLA class-II restricted T-cells to the magnitude of the T-cell response and to the antibody response evoked by the B2T dendrimers, being of potential value for peptide vaccine design against FMDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de León
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (P.d.L.); (R.C.-A.); (M.J.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Rodrigo Cañas-Arranz
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (P.d.L.); (R.C.-A.); (M.J.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Yago Saez
- Computer Science Department, Universidad Carlos III of Madrid, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mar Forner
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (S.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Sira Defaus
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (S.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Dolores Cuadra
- Computer Science Department, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain;
| | - María J. Bustos
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (P.d.L.); (R.C.-A.); (M.J.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Elisa Torres
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (P.d.L.); (R.C.-A.); (M.J.B.); (E.T.)
| | - David Andreu
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (S.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Esther Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (P.d.L.); (R.C.-A.); (M.J.B.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (S.E.H.); Tel.: +34-9119-64493 (F.S.); +43-1-25077-2754 (S.E.H.)
| | - Sabine E. Hammer
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (S.E.H.); Tel.: +34-9119-64493 (F.S.); +43-1-25077-2754 (S.E.H.)
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Cañas-Arranz R, de León P, Forner M, Defaus S, Bustos MJ, Torres E, Andreu D, Blanco E, Sobrino F. Immunogenicity of a Dendrimer B 2T Peptide Harboring a T-Cell Epitope From FMDV Non-structural Protein 3D. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:498. [PMID: 32851051 PMCID: PMC7433650 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic dendrimer peptides are a promising strategy to develop new FMD vaccines. A dendrimer peptide, termed B2T-3A, which harbors two copies of the major FMDV antigenic B-cell site [VP1 (140–158)], covalently linked to a heterotypic T-cell from the non-structural protein 3A [3A (21–35)], has been shown to protect pigs against viral challenge. Interestingly, the modular design of this dendrimer peptide allows modifications aimed at improving its immunogenicity, such as the replacement of the T-cell epitope moiety. Here, we report that a dendrimer peptide, B2T-3D, harboring a T-cell epitope from FMDV 3D protein [3D (56–70)], when inoculated in pigs, elicited consistent levels of neutralizing antibodies and high frequencies of IFN-γ-producing cells upon in vitro recall with the homologous dendrimers, both responses being similar to those evoked by B2T-3A. Lymphocytes from B2T-3A-immunized pigs were in vitro-stimulated by T-3A peptide and to a lesser extent by B-peptide, while those from B2T-3D- immunized animals preferentially recognized the T-3D peptide, suggesting that this epitope is a potent inducer of IFN-γ producing-cells. These results extend the repertoire of T-cell epitopes efficiently recognized by swine lymphocytes and open the possibility of using T-3D to enhance the immunogenicity and the protection conferred by B2T-dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia de León
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Forner
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sira Defaus
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María J Bustos
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Torres
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
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Defaus S, Forner M, Cañas-Arranz R, de León P, Bustos MJ, Rodríguez-Pulido M, Blanco E, Sobrino F, Andreu D. Designing Functionally Versatile, Highly Immunogenic Peptide-Based Multiepitopic Vaccines against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030406. [PMID: 32707834 PMCID: PMC7565419 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A broadly protective and biosafe vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) remains an unmet need in the animal health sector. We have previously reported solid protection against serotype O FMDV afforded by dendrimeric peptide structures harboring virus-specific B- and T-cell epitopes, and also shown such type of multivalent presentations to be advantageous over simple B-T-epitope linear juxtaposition. Chemically, our vaccine platforms are modular constructions readily made from specified B- and T-cell epitope precursor peptides that are conjugated in solution. With the aim of developing an improved version of our formulations to be used for on-demand vaccine applications, we evaluate in this study a novel design for epitope presentation to the immune system based on a multiple antigen peptide (MAP) containing six immunologically relevant motifs arranged in dendrimeric fashion (named B2T-TB2). Interestingly, two B2T units fused tail-to-tail into a single homodimer platform elicited higher B- and T-cell specific responses than former candidates, with immunization scores remaining stable even after 4 months. Moreover, this macromolecular assembly shows consistent immune response in swine, the natural FMDV host, at reduced dose. Thus, our versatile, immunogenic prototype can find application in the development of peptide-based vaccine candidates for various therapeutic uses using safer and more efficacious vaccination regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sira Defaus
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu-Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Mar Forner
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu-Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Rodrigo Cañas-Arranz
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-P.)
| | - Patricia de León
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-P.)
| | - María J. Bustos
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-P.)
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Pulido
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-P.)
| | - Esther Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-A.); (P.d.L.); (M.J.B.); (M.R.-P.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (D.A.)
| | - David Andreu
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu-Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (D.A.)
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9
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Cañas-Arranz R, Forner M, Defaus S, Rodríguez-Pulido M, de León P, Torres E, Bustos MJ, Borrego B, Sáiz M, Blanco E, Andreu D, Sobrino F. A bivalent B-cell epitope dendrimer peptide can confer long-lasting immunity in swine against foot-and-mouth disease. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:1614-1622. [PMID: 31994334 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a widely extended contagious disease of livestock. We have previously reported that a synthetic dendrimeric peptide, termed B2 T(mal), consisting of two copies of a B-cell epitope [VP1(140-158)] linked through maleimide groups to a T-cell epitope [3A(21-35)] of FMDV, elicits potent B- and T-cell-specific responses and confers solid protection in pigs to type O FMDV challenge. Longer duration of the protective response and the possibility of inducing protection after a single dose are important requirements for an efficient FMD vaccine. Herein, we show that administration of two doses of B2 T(mal) elicited high levels of specific total IgGs and neutralizing antibodies that lasted 4-5 months after the peptide boost. Additionally, concomitant levels of IFN-γ-producing specific T cells were observed. Immunization with two doses of B2 T(mal) conferred a long-lasting reduced susceptibility to FMDV infection, up to 136 days (19/20 weeks) post-boost. Remarkably, a similar duration of the protective response was achieved by a single dose of B2 T(mal). The effect on the B2 T(mal) vaccine of RNA transcripts derived from non-coding regions in the FMDV genome, known to enhance the immune response and protection induced by a conventional inactivated vaccine, was also analysed. The contribution of our results to the development of FMD dendrimeric vaccines is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mar Forner
- Departament de Ciències, Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu-Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sira Defaus
- Departament de Ciències, Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu-Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Patricia de León
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Torres
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Bustos
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Borrego
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Spain
| | - Margarita Sáiz
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Departament de Ciències, Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu-Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
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10
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de León P, Bustos MJ, Torres E, Cañas-Arranz R, Sobrino F, Carrascosa AL. Inhibition of Porcine Viruses by Different Cell-Targeted Antiviral Drugs. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1853. [PMID: 31474954 PMCID: PMC6702965 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiviral compounds targeting cellular metabolism instead of virus components have become an interesting issue for preventing and controlling the spread of virus infection, either as sole treatment or as a complement of vaccination. Some of these compounds are involved in the control of lipid metabolism and/or membrane rearrangements. Here, we describe the effect of three of these cell-targeting antivirals: lauryl gallate (LG), valproic acid (VPA), and cerulenin (CRL) in the multiplication of viruses causing important porcine diseases. The results confirm the antiviral action in cultured cells of LG against African swine fever virus (ASFV), foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV), as well as the inhibitory effect of VPA and CRL on ASFV infection. Other gallate esters have been also assayed for their inhibition of FMDV growth. The combined action of these antivirals has been also tested in ASFV infections, with some synergistic effects when LG and VPA were co-administered. Regarding the mode of action of the antivirals, experiments on the effect of the time of its addition in infected cell cultures indicated that the inhibition by VPA and CRL occurred at early times after ASFV infection, while LG inhibited a late step in FMDV infection. In all the cases, the presence of the antiviral reduced or abolished the induction of virus-specific proteins. Interestingly, LG also reduced mortality and FMDV load in a mouse model. The possible use of cell-targeted antivirals against porcine diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de León
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Bustos
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Torres
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Cañas-Arranz
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sobrino
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel L Carrascosa
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Gallardo C, Sánchez EG, Pérez-Núñez D, Nogal M, de León P, Carrascosa ÁL, Nieto R, Soler A, Arias ML, Revilla Y. African swine fever virus (ASFV) protection mediated by NH/P68 and NH/P68 recombinant live-attenuated viruses. Vaccine 2018; 36:2694-2704. [PMID: 29609966 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The risk of spread of African swine fever virus (ASFV) from Russia and Caucasian areas to several EU countries has recently emerged, making it imperative to improve our knowledge and defensive tools against this important pathogen. The ASFV genome encodes many genes which are not essential for virus replication but are known to control host immune evasion, such as NFκB and the NFAT regulator A238L, the apoptosis inhibitor A224L, the MHC-I antigen presenting modulator EP153R, and the A276R gene, involved in modulating type I IFN. These genes are hypothesized to be involved in virulence of the genotype I parental ASFV NH/P68. We here describe the generation of putative live attenuated vaccines (LAV) prototypes by constructing recombinant NH/P68 viruses lacking these specific genes and containing specific markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmina Gallardo
- European Union Reference Laboratory for ASF, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (INIA-CISA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena G Sánchez
- Virology Department, Centro Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Daniel Pérez-Núñez
- Virology Department, Centro Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Marisa Nogal
- Virology Department, Centro Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Patricia de León
- Virology Department, Centro Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Ángel L Carrascosa
- Virology Department, Centro Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Raquel Nieto
- European Union Reference Laboratory for ASF, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (INIA-CISA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Soler
- European Union Reference Laboratory for ASF, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (INIA-CISA), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Arias
- European Union Reference Laboratory for ASF, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (INIA-CISA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Revilla
- Virology Department, Centro Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain.
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12
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de León P, Bustos MJ, Carrascosa AL. Laboratory methods to study African swine fever virus. Virus Res 2012; 173:168-79. [PMID: 23041357 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We summarize findings of comparative studies in different cells cultures susceptible to ASFV infection, through the analysis of virus components and infectious virus particles production, as alternative means to grow field and laboratory ASFV strains. We also provide different methods to assay the infectivity of ASFV samples and to purify the infective virus particles. Finally we describe the general strategy to construct virus deletion mutants that can be engineered to obtain attenuated ASFV strains suitable for vaccine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de León
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, c/Nicolas Cabrera no 1, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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13
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Hurtado C, Bustos MJ, Granja AG, de León P, Sabina P, López-Viñas E, Gómez-Puertas P, Revilla Y, Carrascosa AL. The African swine fever virus lectin EP153R modulates the surface membrane expression of MHC class I antigens. Arch Virol 2010; 156:219-34. [PMID: 21069396 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-010-0846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have modeled a 3D structure for the C-type lectin domain of the African swine fever virus protein EP153R, based on the structure of CD69, CD94 and Ly49A cell receptors, and this model predicts that a dimer of EP153R may establish an asymmetric interaction with one MHC-I molecule. A functional consequence of this interaction could be the modulation of MHC-I expression. By using both transfection and virus infection experiments, we demonstrate here that EP153R inhibits MHC-I membrane expression, most probably by impairing the exocytosis process, without affecting the synthesis or glycosylation of MHC antigens. Interestingly, the EP153-mediated control of MHC requires the intact configuration of the lectin domain of the viral protein, and specifically the R133 residue. Interference of EP153R gene expression during virus infection and studies using virus recombinants with the EP153R gene deleted further support the inhibitory role of the viral lectin on the expression of MHC-I antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Hurtado
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (C.S.I.C.-U.A.M.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Medina F, Ramos M, Iborra S, de León P, Rodríguez-Castro M, Del Val M. Furin-processed antigens targeted to the secretory route elicit functional TAP1-/-CD8+ T lymphocytes in vivo. J Immunol 2009; 183:4639-47. [PMID: 19752221 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Most pathogen-derived peptides recognized by CD8+ CTL are produced by proteasomes and delivered to the endoplasmic reticulum by the TAP transporters associated with Ag processing. Alternative proteases also produce antigenic peptides, but their actual relevance is unclear. There is a need to quantify the contribution of these supplementary pathways in vitro and in vivo. A well-defined TAP-independent secretory route of Ag processing involves the trans-Golgi network protease furin. Quantitation of this route by using OVA constructs encoded by vaccinia viruses indicates that it provides approximately one-third of all surface complexes of peptide and MHC class I molecules. Generation of the epitope carboxyl terminus is a dramatic rate-limiting step, since bypassing it increased efficiency by at least 1000-fold. Notably, the secretory construct activated a similar percentage of Ag-specific CD8+ T cells in wild type as in TAP1-deficient mice, which allow only secretory routes but which have a 10- to 20-fold smaller CD8 compartment. Moreover, these TAP1(-/-) OVA-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes accomplished elimination of epitope-bearing cells in vivo. The results obtained with this experimental system underscore the potential of secretory pathways of MHC class I Ag presentation to elicit functional CD8+ T lymphocytes in vivo and support the hypothesis that noncytosolic processing mechanisms may compensate in vivo for the lack of proteasome participation in Ag processing in persons genetically deficient in TAP and thus contribute to pathogen control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Medina
- Unidad de Inmunología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda (Madrid) E-28220, Spain
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15
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Johnstone C, de León P, Medina F, Melero JA, García-Barreno B, Val MD. Shifting immunodominance pattern of two cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes in the F glycoprotein of the Long strain of respiratory syncytial virus. J Gen Virol 2004; 85:3229-3238. [PMID: 15483236 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.80219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory infection in children and in the elderly. The RSV fusion (F) glycoprotein has long been recognized as a vaccine candidate as it elicits cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses. Two murine H-2K(d)-restricted CTL epitopes (F85-93 and F92-106) are known in the F protein of the A2 strain of RSV. F-specific CTL lines using BCH4 fibroblasts that are persistently infected with the Long strain of human RSV as stimulators were generated, and it was found that in this strain only the F85-93 epitope is conserved. Motif based epitope prediction programs and an F2 chain deleted F protein encoded in a recombinant vaccinia virus enabled identification of a new epitope in the Long strain, F249-258, which is presented by K(d) as a 9-mer (TYMLTNSEL) or a 10-mer (TYMLTNSELL) peptide. The results suggest that the 10-mer might be a naturally processed endogenous K(d) ligand. The CD8(+) T-lymphocyte responses to epitopes F85-93 and F249-258 present in the F protein of RSV Long were found to be strongly skewed to F85-93 in in vitro multispecific CTL lines and in vivo during a secondary response to a recombinant vaccinia virus that expresses the entire F protein. However, no hierarchy in CD8(+) T-lymphocyte responses to F85-93 and F249-258 epitopes was observed in vivo during a primary response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Johnstone
- Unidade de Inmunología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra Pozuelo km 2, E-28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain
| | - Patricia de León
- Unidade de Inmunología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra Pozuelo km 2, E-28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain
| | - Francisco Medina
- Unidade de Inmunología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra Pozuelo km 2, E-28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain
| | - José A Melero
- Unidade de Biología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra Pozuelo km 2, E-28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain
| | - Blanca García-Barreno
- Unidade de Biología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra Pozuelo km 2, E-28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain
| | - Margarita Del Val
- Unidade de Inmunología Viral, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra Pozuelo km 2, E-28220 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain
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16
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Samino Y, Lopez D, Guil S, de León P, Del Val M. An endogenous HIV envelope-derived peptide without the terminal NH3+ group anchor is physiologically presented by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. J Biol Chem 2003; 279:1151-60. [PMID: 14583622 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m305343200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) recognize viral peptidic antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on the surface of infected cells. The CTL response is critical in clearance and prevention of HIV infection. Yet, there are no descriptions of physiological peptides derived from the viral envelope protein. In the few reports on endogenous MHC class I viral peptidic ligands from HIV internal proteins, definitive positive identification by mass spectrometry is lacking. The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp160 induces a strong specific CTL response restricted by several human and murine MHC class I molecules, including H-2Dd. Previous analyses showed that this response can be optimally mimicked with the synthetic decameric peptide 318RGPGRAFVTI327. We aim to identify the endogenous natural peptides mediating the response to this epitope. Our data indicate the presence of, at least, two peptidic species of different length and sharing the same antigenic core, which are associated with the Dd presenting molecule in infected cells. One species is at least, probably, the optimal decapeptide. The second species, identified by mass spectrometry for the first time in HIV, is, unexpectedly, a nonamer, which lacks the correctly positioned N-terminal group to bind to Dd. And yet, it is present in similar amounts and, notably, is equally antigenic. Thus, the physiological set of HIV-derived MHC class I ligands is richer and different than expected from studies with synthetic peptides. This may help raise the plasticity and thus the effectiveness of the immune response against the viral infection. These data have implications for HIV vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Samino
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28220 Madrid, Spain
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17
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de León P, Marco S, Isiegas C, Marina A, Carrascosa JL, Mellado RP. Streptomyces lividans groES, groEL1 and groEL2 genes. Microbiology (Reading) 1997; 143 ( Pt 11):3563-3571. [PMID: 9387235 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-143-11-3563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Streptomyces lividans groES/EL1 operon and groEL2 gene were cloned and their respective DNA sequences determined. The sequenced DNA comprised the genes and their respective regulatory regions in both cases. Transcription of both groES/EL1 and groEL2 seemed to be subjected to temporal control at 30 degrees C. At 45 degrees C the amount of the groEL2 transcript increased considerably in comparison to that of groES/EL1. Among the proteins synthesized under heat shock by S. lividans, a fraction enriched in GroEL2 showed the presence of a ring-shaped structure that resembles that of other chaperonins and was active in a rhodanase folding assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de León
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Marco
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Isiegas
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Marina
- Centra de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Carrascosa
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael P Mellado
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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