1
|
Maloney P, Kompaniyets L, Yusuf H, Bonilla L, Figueroa C, Garcia M. The effects of policy changes and human mobility on the COVID-19 epidemic in the Dominican Republic, 2020-2021. Prev Med Rep 2023; 36:102459. [PMID: 37840596 PMCID: PMC10568125 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in technology can be leveraged to enhance public health research and practice. This study aimed to assess the effects of mobility and policy changes on COVID-19 case growth and the effects of policy changes on mobility using data from Google Mobility Reports, information on public health policy, and COVID-19 testing results. Multiple bivariate regression analyses were conducted to address the study objectives. Policies designed to limit mobility led to decreases in mobility in public areas. These policies also decreased COVID-19 case growth. Conversely, policies that did not restrict mobility led to increases in mobility in public areas and led to increases in COVID-19 case growth. Mobility increases in public areas corresponded to increases in COVID-19 case growth, while concentration of mobility in residential areas corresponded to decreases in COVID-19 case growth. Overall, restrictive policies were effective in decreasing COVID-19 incidence in the Dominican Republic, while permissive policies led to increases in COVID-19 incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Maloney
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dominican Republic
| | - Lyudmyla Kompaniyets
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, Obesity Prevention and Control Branch, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Hussain Yusuf
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Health Information and Surveillance, Partnerships and Evaluation Branch, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Luis Bonilla
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dominican Republic
| | - Carmen Figueroa
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dominican Republic
| | - Macarena Garcia
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Dominican Republic
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maloney P, Mowrer C, Jansen L, Karre T, Bedrnicek J, Obaro SK, Iwen PC, McCutchen E, Wetzel C, Frederick J, Ashraf MS, Donahue M. Fatal Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis in Nebraska: Case Report and Environmental Investigation, August 2022. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:322-326. [PMID: 37460088 PMCID: PMC10397427 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare and lethal infection caused by Naegleria fowleri. We report an epidemiological and environmental investigation relating to a case of PAM in a previously healthy boy age 8 years. An interview of the patient's family was conducted to determine the likely exposure site and to assess risk factors. Data from the United States Geological Survey site at Waterloo, NE, on the Elkhorn River were used to estimate water temperature and streamflow at the time and site of exposure. Data from the National Weather Service were used to estimate precipitation and ambient air temperature at the time and site of exposure. Despite conventional treatment, the patient died 2 days after hospital admission. The patient participated in recreational water activities in the Elkhorn River in northeastern Nebraska 5 days before symptom onset. In the week before exposure, water and ambient air high temperatures reached annual highs, averaging 32.4°C and 35.8°C, respectively. The day before infection, 2.2 cm of precipitation was reported. Streamflow was low (407 ft3/s). Infections in several northern states, including Nebraska, suggest an expanding geographic range of N. fowleri transmission, which may lead to increased incidence of PAM in the United States. Similar environmental investigations at suspected exposure sites of future cases will allow data aggregation, enabling investigators to correlate environmental factors with infection risk accurately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Maloney
- Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Clayton Mowrer
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Lauren Jansen
- Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Workforce Development, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tess Karre
- Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | | | | | | | - Chad Wetzel
- Douglas County Health Department, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | - Muhammad Salman Ashraf
- Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Matthew Donahue
- Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Loughlin KM, Lyons C, McGettigan L, Maloney P. 49 ASSESSING EFFECTIVENESS OF AN OUTREACH VISIT PATHWAY FROM ED & REQUIRING FURTHER FOLLOW UP IN THEIR OWN ENVIRONMENT. Age Ageing 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab219.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Falls are a leading cause of presentation to the Emergency Department for older adults. They often are at higher risk of admission to hospital which can lead to other complications of frailty such as development of delirium or deconditioning. The risks of admission were further complicated in the past year due to COVID and its adverse outcomes on our older frail population which further highlighted the need to manage their needs at home where possible.
These above changes have led to FITT reviewing the scope of our outreach service with a focus not just on facilitating discharge but preventing further presentation or deconditioning.
Methods
The aim of the project was to identify appropriate FITT patients to provide an Outreach visit from ED within 72 hours of discharge pending needs. This service was in conjunction with the existing Integrated Care Teams/community services but an outreach visit direct from ED may have been indicated due to; staffing levels, response time, catchment area or existing rapport with the individual patient. This was pending staffing levels with reconfiguration of existing staff to support the outreach therapist.
Appropriate patients included.
-Recurrent falls.
-Unresolved delirium/advanced dementia with ongoing therapy needs.—Bridging gap while awaiting community teams.
-Equipment provision.
Results
Over 10 months 34 outreach visits completed.
Average CFS: 6.
Reasons for:
12 for safety checks.
15 equipment provision/fitting.
6 mobility reviews.
Onward referrals:
22 (PCCC OT, Physio, PHN & day hospital & ICT).
Represent within 7 days = 0.
Represent within 30 day = 14 (41%).
Conclusion
The provision of an outreach services allowed a swift therapy review in the patient’s own home & onwards referrals as indicated. Often these patients were likely to be admitted however the outreach provided a safety net to facilitate direct discharge from the ED with no representations within the first 7 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Lyons
- Beaumont Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Loughlin KM, Lyons C, McGettigan L, Maloney P. 50 A COMPARISON OF FRAILTY SCREENING TOOLS WITHIN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT. Age Ageing 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab219.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Increased awareness has been given to the value of identifying frail for risk stratification and to assist in providing frailty attuned care rather than disease specific input.
This increased awareness both nationally and internationally has led to many ED’s introducing the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) to triage however as a service we wanted to evaluate which tool would best meet our needs to screen appropriate patients and highlight the current level of frailty within the Emergency Department.
Methods
Over a 3 day period all patients over 75 who present during core hours were screened by a senior FITT member using a number of frailty tools (CFS, THINK frail, InterRai, PRIMSA 7 & compared against our own clinical reasoning if a FITT assessment was indicated).
Results
Total Patient’s over 75 screened by screener & FITT—48.
Average age: 82.
Sex: 51.62% male.
Discharges: 57% d/c’d.
Average CFS (Screener) = 5.
Average CFS (FITT) = 5.
28/48 CFS same = 58.33%.
15/48 CFS differ by 1 point = 31.25%.
Average THINK Frail (Screener): 3.
Average THINK Frail (FITT): 2.
17/47 THINK Frail same =36%.
21/47 THINK Frail differ by 1 point = 44%.
80.85% same or within 1 point difference.
Conclusion
The CFS score provided the most consistent when comparing scores by multiple disciplines/grades.
Although the majority of older adults who scored a CFS of 1–3 or deemed non frail at triage were unlikely to benefit from a CGA, those who presented with a new fall often did require FITT input.
This research has led us to move away from our current triage tool of THINK FRAIL to the CFS, whilst continuing to assess any new falls irrespective of score.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Lyons
- Beaumont Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Slosky LM, Bai Y, Toth K, Ray C, Rochelle LK, Badea A, Chandrasekhar R, Pogorelov VM, Abraham DM, Atluri N, Peddibhotla S, Hedrick MP, Hershberger P, Maloney P, Yuan H, Li Z, Wetsel WC, Pinkerton AB, Barak LS, Caron MG. β-Arrestin-Biased Allosteric Modulator of NTSR1 Selectively Attenuates Addictive Behaviors. Cell 2020; 181:1364-1379.e14. [PMID: 32470395 PMCID: PMC7466280 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) agonists have been pursued for more than 40 years as potential therapeutics for psychiatric disorders, including drug addiction. Clinical development of NTSR1 agonists has, however, been precluded by their severe side effects. NTSR1, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), signals through the canonical activation of G proteins and engages β-arrestins to mediate distinct cellular signaling events. Here, we characterize the allosteric NTSR1 modulator SBI-553. This small molecule not only acts as a β-arrestin-biased agonist but also extends profound β-arrestin bias to the endogenous ligand by selectively antagonizing G protein signaling. SBI-553 shows efficacy in animal models of psychostimulant abuse, including cocaine self-administration, without the side effects characteristic of balanced NTSR1 agonism. These findings indicate that NTSR1 G protein and β-arrestin activation produce discrete and separable physiological effects, thus providing a strategy to develop safer GPCR-targeting therapeutics with more directed pharmacological action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Slosky
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yushi Bai
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Krisztian Toth
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Caroline Ray
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Alexandra Badea
- Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Vladimir M Pogorelov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dennis M Abraham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Duke Cardiovascular Physiology Core, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Namratha Atluri
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Satyamaheshwar Peddibhotla
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael P Hedrick
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Paul Hershberger
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Patrick Maloney
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hong Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; UNC Linebarger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - William C Wetsel
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Anthony B Pinkerton
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Lawrence S Barak
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Marc G Caron
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Herrick JA, Nordstrom M, Maloney P, Rodriguez M, Naceanceno K, Gallo G, Mejia R, Hershow R. Parasitic infections represent a significant health threat among recent immigrants in Chicago. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:1139-1148. [PMID: 32008064 PMCID: PMC7075846 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06608-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parasitic infections are likely under-recognized among immigrant populations in the USA. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate if such infections have health impacts among recent immigrants in Chicago and to identify predictive factors for parasitic infections. A total of 133 recent immigrants were enrolled, filling out a standardized medical questionnaire and providing blood and stool samples. Appriximately 12% of subjects (15/125) who provided a blood or stool sample for testing were found to have evidence of current or prior infection with a pathogenic parasite, of which Toxocara spp. (8 subjects, 6.4%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (5 subjects, 4%) were most commonly identified. Parasitic infection was more likely among subjects who had immigrated within the previous 2 years and those with a self-reported history of worms in the stool. The most useful surrogate markers identified for parasitic infections were an elevated immunoglobulin E level (seen in 46.7% (7/15) of subjects with parasitic infections and 20% (22/110) of uninfected individuals, p = 0.04) and the presence of Blastocystis hominis cysts on Ova & Parasite exam (detected in 38.5% (5/13) of subjects with parasitic infections who provided a stool sample and 5.1% (5/98) of uninfected subjects, p = 0.002). Our study found that parasitic infections may be common in recent US immigrants, which highlights an important health disparity among a vulnerable population that merits further study. Additionally, clinical risk factors, symptoms, and laboratory findings traditionally thought to be associated with parasites were commonly found but not predictive of infection in this study population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesica A. Herrick
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Immunology, and International Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 South Wood, M/C 735, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Monica Nordstrom
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Patrick Maloney
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Miguel Rodriguez
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Kevin Naceanceno
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Gloria Gallo
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rojelio Mejia
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Ron Hershow
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Immunology, and International Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 South Wood, M/C 735, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pinkerton AB, Peddibhotla S, Yamamoto F, Slosky LM, Bai Y, Maloney P, Hershberger P, Hedrick MP, Falter B, Ardecky RJ, Smith LH, Chung TDY, Jackson MR, Caron MG, Barak LS. Discovery of β-Arrestin Biased, Orally Bioavailable, and CNS Penetrant Neurotensin Receptor 1 (NTR1) Allosteric Modulators. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8357-8363. [PMID: 31390201 PMCID: PMC7003992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurotensin receptor 1 (NTR1) is a G protein coupled receptor that is widely expressed throughout the central nervous system where it acts as a neuromodulator. Neurotensin receptors have been implicated in a wide variety of CNS disorders, but despite extensive efforts to develop small molecule ligands there are few reports of such compounds. Herein we describe the optimization of a quinazoline based lead to give 18 (SBI-553), a potent and brain penetrant NTR1 allosteric modulator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B. Pinkerton
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Satyamaheshwar Peddibhotla
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Fusayo Yamamoto
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lauren M. Slosky
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Yushi Bai
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Patrick Maloney
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Paul Hershberger
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Michael P. Hedrick
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Bekhi Falter
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Robert J. Ardecky
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Layton H. Smith
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Thomas D. Y. Chung
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Michael R. Jackson
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Marc G. Caron
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Lawrence S. Barak
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kirby RJ, Divlianska DB, Whig K, Bryan N, Morfa CJ, Koo A, Nguyen KH, Maloney P, Peddibhotla S, Sessions EH, Hershberger PM, Smith LH, Malany S. Discovery of Novel Small-Molecule Inducers of Heme Oxygenase-1 That Protect Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes from Oxidative Stress. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:87-96. [PMID: 29101218 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.243717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative injury to cardiomyocytes plays a critical role in cardiac pathogenesis following myocardial infarction. Transplantation of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes has recently progressed as a novel treatment to repair damaged cardiac tissue but its efficacy has been limited by poor survival of transplanted cells owing to oxidative stress in the post-transplantation environment. Identification of small molecules that activate cardioprotective pathways to prevent oxidative damage and increase survival of stem cells post-transplantation is therefore of great interest for improving the efficacy of stem cell therapies. This report describes a chemical biology phenotypic screening approach to identify and validate small molecules that protect human-induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) from oxidative stress. A luminescence-based high-throughput assay for cell viability was used to screen a diverse collection of 48,640 small molecules for protection of hiPSC-CMs from peroxide-induced cell death. Cardioprotective activity of "hit" compounds was confirmed using impedance-based detection of cardiomyocyte monolayer integrity and contractile function. Structure-activity relationship studies led to the identification of a potent class of compounds with 4-(pyridine-2-yl)thiazole scaffold. Examination of gene expression in hiPSC-CMs revealed that the hit compound, designated cardioprotectant 312 (CP-312), induces robust upregulation of heme oxygenase-1, a marker of the antioxidant response network that has been strongly correlated with protection of cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress. CP-312 therefore represents a novel chemical scaffold identified by phenotypic high-throughput screening using hiPSC-CMs that activates the antioxidant defense response and may lead to improved pharmacological cardioprotective therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Jason Kirby
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Daniela B Divlianska
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Kanupriya Whig
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Nadezda Bryan
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Camilo J Morfa
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Ada Koo
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Kevin H Nguyen
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Patrick Maloney
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Satayamaheshwar Peddibhotla
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - E Hampton Sessions
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Paul M Hershberger
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Layton H Smith
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| | - Siobhan Malany
- Sanford Burham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Orlando, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alvi MA, Kerezoudis P, Alamoudi A, Meyer J, Shepherd D, Maloney P, Bydon M. Minimally invasive percutaneous approach for the management of high grade spondylolisthesis. J Neurosurg Sci 2017; 62:521-522. [PMID: 28869369 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.17.03980-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Alvi
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Panagiotis Kerezoudis
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abdullah Alamoudi
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jenna Meyer
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Rochester, MN, USA.,Medical School for International Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University fo the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniel Shepherd
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Patrick Maloney
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Rochester, MN, USA - .,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rinaldo L, McCutcheon BA, Gilder H, Kerezoudis P, Murphy M, Maloney P, Hassoon A, Bydon M. Diabetes and Back Pain: Markers of Diabetes Disease Progression Are Associated With Chronic Back Pain. Clin Diabetes 2017; 35:126-131. [PMID: 28761214 PMCID: PMC5510921 DOI: 10.2337/cd16-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
IN BRIEF Diabetes has been associated with the incidence of back pain. However, the relationship between markers of diabetes progression and back pain has not been studied. The objective of this study was to correlate clinical and laboratory measures of diabetes disease severity to the presence of back pain to provide insight into the relationship between these conditions. Findings showed that markers of diabetes disease progression were associated with the presence of back pain, suggesting that uncontrolled diabetes may contribute to the development of chronic back pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hannah Gilder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Meghan Murphy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Ahmed Hassoon
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Agarwal V, Maloney P, Perry A, Graffeo C, Link M. Lower Cranial Nerve Schwannomas: Microsurgical Outcomes in a Modern Cohort. Skull Base Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1600703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Avital Perry
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | | | - Michael Link
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Herrick J, Nordstrom M, Rodriguez M, Maloney P, Handali S, Elder ES, Mcauliffe I, Wilkins P, Hershow R. High Prevalence of Parasitic Infections Among Recent Immigrants in Chicago. Open Forum Infect Dis 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofx163.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
13
|
Abstract
The Hand Test (Wagner, 1962) was administered to 48 subjects. Interscorer reliabilities were computed based on the agreement in scoring between a well trained graduate student and the author of the test. The reliabilities were quite high for a projective technique (median rho = .910).
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The relationship between chronic low back pain and scores on depression was examined in a sample of 31 veterans who completed a depression inventory. Analysis indicated that those with chronic low back pain scored significantly higher on depression than those without.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Maloney
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, Alabama A & M University, Normal 35762, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The present study involved a cross-cultural comparison of 320 Israeli and 333 American students using the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) as a measure of sex-role orientation. The results indicated that fewer Israeli males were classified as androgynous. No significant differences were found in the masculine or feminine categories. It was found that Israeli and American females were very similar in terms of mean masculine and feminine BSRI scores. However, Israeli males had significantly lower BSRI masculine scores than American males. The utility of the BSRI and other measures of sex-role orientation for cross-cultural research is noted and other studies using Israeli samples are discussed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Kempe LJ, Maloney P, Dambrot FH. Persuasibility of Women: Conventional Wisdom Re-examined. Psychology of Women Quarterly 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.1978.tb00534.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examined sex differences in persuasibility at differing levels of topic involvement. A pilot study was conducted to select topics which were of high and low involvement and which did not show sex differences in terms of agreement, interest or information about the topics. Subjects were 296 Introductory Psychology students. Pre-test and post-test measures were obtained as a measure of opinion change. Control groups were used to control for effects of testing, maturation, and other threats to internal and external validity. The treatment consisted of written persuasive communications arguing against the opinions previously reported by a majority of subjects. Contrary to most previous research, results indicated that there were no significant sex differences or interactions in persuasibility using topics of low or high involvement.
Collapse
|
17
|
McCutcheon BA, Kerezoudis P, Porter AL, Rinaldo L, Murphy M, Maloney P, Shepherd D, Hirshman BR, Carter BS, Lanzino G, Bydon M, Meyer F. Coma and Stroke Following Surgical Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm: An American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Study. World Neurosurg 2016; 91:272-8. [PMID: 27108027 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A large national surgical registry was used to establish national benchmarks and associated predictors of major neurologic complications (i.e., coma and stroke) after surgical clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. METHODS The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data set between 2007 and 2013 was used for this retrospective cohort analysis. Demographic, comorbidity, and operative characteristics associated with the development of a major neurologic complication (i.e., coma or stroke) were elucidated using a backward selection stepwise logistic regression analysis. This model was subsequently used to fit a predictive score for major neurologic complications. RESULTS Inclusion criteria were met by 662 patients. Of these patients, 57 (8.61%) developed a major neurologic complication (i.e., coma or stroke) within the 30-day postoperative period. On multivariable analysis, operative time (log odds 0.004 per minute; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.002-0.007), age (log odds 0.05 per year; 95% CI, 0.02-0.08), history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (log odds 1.26; 95% CI, 0.43-2.08), and diabetes (log odds 1.15; 95% CI, 0.38-1.91) were associated with an increased odds of major neurologic complications. When patients were categorized according to quartile of a predictive score generated from the multivariable analysis, rates of major neurologic complications were 1.8%, 4.3%, 6.7%, and 21.2%. CONCLUSIONS Using a large, national multi-institutional cohort, this study established representative national benchmarks and a predictive scoring system for major neurologic complications following operative management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. The model may assist with risk stratification and tailoring of decision making in surgical candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A McCutcheon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Panagiotis Kerezoudis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amanda L Porter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lorenzo Rinaldo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Meghan Murphy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Patrick Maloney
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel Shepherd
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brian R Hirshman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bob S Carter
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lanzino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Fredric Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
McCutcheon BA, Ubl DS, Babu M, Maloney P, Murphy M, Kerezoudis P, Bydon M, Habermann EB, Parney I. Predictors of Surgical Site Infection Following Craniotomy for Intracranial Neoplasms: An Analysis of Prospectively Collected Data in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database. World Neurosurg 2016; 88:350-358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
McCutcheon B, Kerezoudis P, Maloney P, Murphy M, Snyder K, Bydon M. Increased Operative Time for Benign Cranial Nerve Tumor Resection Correlates with Increased Morbidity Postoperatively. Skull Base Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1579910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
20
|
Brown D, Maloney P, Major B, Eckel L, Leutmer P, Koeller K, Van Gompel J, Link M. An Algorithm for Exploring Spontaneous CSF Leaks: Not all Leaks are Created Equal. Skull Base Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1579919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
21
|
Murphy M, Gilder H, McCutcheon BA, Kerezoudis P, Rinaldo L, Shepherd D, Maloney P, Snyder K, Carlson ML, Carter BS, Bydon M, Van Gompel JJ, Link MJ. Increased Operative Time for Benign Cranial Nerve Tumor Resection Correlates with Increased Morbidity Postoperatively. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2016; 77:350-7. [PMID: 27441161 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1572508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Operative time, previously identified as a risk factor for postoperative morbidity, is examined in patients undergoing benign cranial nerve tumor resection. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS This retrospective cohort analysis included patients enrolled in the ACS-NSQIP registry from 2007 through 2013 with a diagnosis of a benign cranial nerve neoplasm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcomes included postoperative morbidity and mortality. Readmission and reoperation served as secondary outcomes. RESULTS A total of 565 patients were identified. Mean (median) operative time was 398 (370) minutes. The 30-day complication, readmission, and return to the operating room rates were 9.9%, 9.9%, and 7.3%, respectively, on unadjusted analyses. CSF leak requiring reoperation or readmission occurred at a rate of 3.1%. On multivariable regression analysis, operations greater than 413 minutes were associated with an increased odds of overall complication (OR 4.26, 95% CI 2.08-8.72), return to the operating room (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.23-5.67), and increased length of stay(1.6 days, 95% CI 0.94-2.23 days). Each additional minute of operative time was associated with an increased odds of overall complication (OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.002-1.006) and increased length of stay (0.006 days, 95% CI 0.004-0.008). CONCLUSION Increased operative time in patients undergoing surgical resection of a benign cranial nerve neoplasm was associated with an increased rate of complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Murphy
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Hannah Gilder
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Brandon A McCutcheon
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | | | - Lorenzo Rinaldo
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Daniel Shepherd
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Patrick Maloney
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Kendall Snyder
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Matthew L Carlson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Bob S Carter
- Department of Neurologic Surgery University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Jamie J Van Gompel
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Michael J Link
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Peddibhotla S, Fontaine P, Leung CK, Maloney P, Hershberger PM, Wang Y, Bousquet MS, Luesch H, Mangravita-Novo A, Pinkerton AB, Smith LH, Malany S, Choe K. Discovery of ML358, a Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of the SKN-1 Pathway Involved in Drug Detoxification and Resistance in Nematodes. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1871-9. [PMID: 25946346 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nematodes parasitize ∼1/3 of humans worldwide, and effective treatment via administration of anthelmintics is threatened by growing resistance to current therapies. The nematode transcription factor SKN-1 is essential for development of embryos and upregulates the expression of genes that result in modification, conjugation, and export of xenobiotics, which can promote resistance. Distinct differences in regulation and DNA binding relative to mammalian Nrf2 make SKN-1 a promising and selective target for the development of anthelmintics with a novel mode of action that targets stress resistance and drug detoxification. We report 17 (ML358), a first in class small molecule inhibitor of the SKN-1 pathway. Compound 17 resulted from a vanillamine-derived hit identified by high throughput screening that was advanced through analog synthesis and structure-activity studies. Compound 17 is a potent (IC50 = 0.24 μM, Emax = 100%) and selective inhibitor of the SKN-1 pathway and sensitizes the model nematode C. elegans to oxidants and anthelmintics. Compound 17 is inactive against Nrf2, the homologous mammalian detoxification pathway, and is not toxic to C. elegans (LC50 > 64 μM) and Fa2N-4 immortalized human hepatocytes (LC50 > 5.0 μM). In addition, 17 exhibits good solubility, permeability, and chemical and metabolic stability in human and mouse liver microsomes. Therefore, 17 is a valuable probe to study regulation and function of SKN-1 in vivo. By selective targeting of the SKN-1 pathway, 17 could potentially lead to drug candidates that may be used as adjuvants to increase the efficacy and useful life of current anthelmintics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satyamaheshwar Peddibhotla
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Pauline Fontaine
- Department
of Biology and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Chi K. Leung
- Department
of Biology and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Patrick Maloney
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Paul M. Hershberger
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Department
of Biology and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Michelle S. Bousquet
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Arianna Mangravita-Novo
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Anthony B. Pinkerton
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Layton H. Smith
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Siobhan Malany
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Keith Choe
- Department
of Biology and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this paper was to determine the diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in the setting of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), hypothesizing that CSF analysis is only critical in confirming suspected infection and may be useful in predicting and/or detecting delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). METHODS Retrospective review of consecutive adult patients diagnosed with aSAH from 1/2000 to 12/2013 at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA with cerebral aneurysm(s) identified by vascular imaging, and CSF drawn within 14 days of the date of hemorrhage. RESULTS We identified 741 patients during the study period, 167 met inclusion criteria and 356 samples were collected. First Median CSF samples were taken 5 (4-8) days postbleed. Multiple samples were taken in 94 (54.5%) patients and the mean number of samples per patient was 2.1. Ventriculitis, confirmed by growth of organism from CSF culture was present in 2 (1.2%) patients and one patient (0.6%) developed meningitis. CSF WBC count remained elevated throughout the 14 days, even when corrected for red blood cell count (RBC). Peak CSF RBCs occurred 2-4 days post bleed, and then gradually normalized. Maximum CSF RBCs did not correlate with modified Fisher grades (P=0.422). Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) was present in 86 (51.5%) patients and there was no difference in the CSF profile of patients with DCI compared with those without. CONCLUSIONS Routine CSF sampling for cell count and chemistry in the setting of temporary diversion following aSAH appears to have little clinical benefit beyond the evaluation for infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarun D Singh
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA -
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Maloney P, Copeland W, Link M, Lane J, Jentoft M. Pathologically Confirmed Cerebellopontine Angle Arachnoid Granulation: Case Report. Skull Base Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
25
|
Sparks SM, Chen G, Collins JL, Danger D, Dock ST, Jayawickreme C, Jenkinson S, Laudeman C, Leesnitzer MA, Liang X, Maloney P, McCoy DC, Moncol D, Rash V, Rimele T, Vulimiri P, Way JM, Ross S. Identification of diarylsulfonamides as agonists of the free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3100-3. [PMID: 24881566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The exploration of a diarylsulfonamide series of free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120) agonists is described. This work led to the identification of selective FFA4 agonist 8 (GSK137647A) and selective FFA4 antagonist 39. The in vitro profile of compounds 8 and 39 is presented herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Sparks
- Enteroendocrine Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States.
| | - Grace Chen
- Platform Technology & Science, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Jon L Collins
- Enteroendocrine Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Dana Danger
- Enteroendocrine Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Steven T Dock
- Enteroendocrine Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Channa Jayawickreme
- Platform Technology & Science, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Stephen Jenkinson
- Metabolic Center for Excellence in Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Christopher Laudeman
- Metabolic Center for Excellence in Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - M Anthony Leesnitzer
- Platform Technology & Science, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Xi Liang
- Enteroendocrine Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Patrick Maloney
- Metabolic Center for Excellence in Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - David C McCoy
- Metabolic Center for Excellence in Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - David Moncol
- Platform Technology & Science, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Vincent Rash
- Platform Technology & Science, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Thomas Rimele
- Platform Technology & Science, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Padmaja Vulimiri
- Platform Technology & Science, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - James M Way
- Enteroendocrine Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| | - Sean Ross
- Enteroendocrine Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC 27705, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Maloney M, Maloney P, Link M, Garrity J, Cloft H, Uhm J. Cerebro-Sino-Orbital Mucormycosis: Case Report of Novel Biopsy Technique and Review of Literature. Skull Base Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1370669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
27
|
Link M, Copeland W, Maloney P, Rabinstein A. Surgically Induced SMART Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Skull Base Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1336372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
28
|
Preuss J, Maloney P, Peddibhotla S, Hedrick MP, Hershberger P, Gosalia P, Milewski M, Li YL, Sugarman E, Hood B, Suyama E, Nguyen K, Vasile S, Sergienko E, Mangravita-Novo A, Vicchiarelli M, McAnally D, Smith LH, Roth GP, Diwan J, Chung TDY, Jortzik E, Rahlfs S, Becker K, Pinkerton AB, Bode L. Discovery of a Plasmodium falciparum glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 6-phosphogluconolactonase inhibitor (R,Z)-N-((1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl)-2-(2-fluorobenzylidene)-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazine-6-carboxamide (ML276) that reduces parasite growth in vitro. J Med Chem 2012; 55:7262-72. [PMID: 22813531 DOI: 10.1021/jm300833h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A high-throughput screen of the NIH's MLSMR collection of ∼340000 compounds was undertaken to identify compounds that inhibit Plasmodium falciparum glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (PfG6PD). PfG6PD is important for proliferating and propagating P. falciparum and differs structurally and mechanistically from the human orthologue. The reaction catalyzed by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the first, rate-limiting step in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), a key metabolic pathway sustaining anabolic needs in reductive equivalents and synthetic materials in fast-growing cells. In P. falciparum , the bifunctional enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-6-phosphogluconolactonase (PfGluPho) catalyzes the first two steps of the PPP. Because P. falciparum and infected host red blood cells rely on accelerated glucose flux, they depend on the G6PD activity of PfGluPho. The lead compound identified from this effort, (R,Z)-N-((1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl)-2-(2-fluorobenzylidene)-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazine-6-carboxamide, 11 (ML276), is a submicromolar inhibitor of PfG6PD (IC(50) = 889 nM). It is completely selective for the enzyme's human isoform, displays micromolar potency (IC(50) = 2.6 μM) against P. falciparum in culture, and has good drug-like properties, including high solubility and moderate microsomal stability. Studies testing the potential advantage of inhibiting PfG6PD in vivo are in progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janina Preuss
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Maloney P. Handbook of Neurosurgery. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2008; 81. [PMCID: PMC2605313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
31
|
Abstract
A library of 200 2-alkyl-3-alkyloxy-2H-indazole-6-carboxamides was synthesized using parallel solution-phase methods. The indazole cyclization reaction was optimized for library production with the best yields resulting from controlled alcohol/water solvent ratios. The key step, a heterocyclization reaction, proceeds by N,N-bond formation and delivers the 2H-indazole scaffold. Automated preparative HPLC was utilized to provide pure compounds on a 10+ mg scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Mills
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5295, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
McDonald O, Lackey K, Davis-Ward R, Wood E, Samano V, Maloney P, Deanda F, Hunter R. Aza-stilbenes as potent and selective c-RAF inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:5378-83. [PMID: 16890436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Revised: 07/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of several novel aza-stilbene derivatives was carried out. The compounds were tested for their c-RAF enzyme inhibition. Compound 27 possesses significant potency against c-RAF and demonstrates selectivity over other protein kinases. A hypothesis for the binding mode, activity, and selectivity is proposed.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
AIM Understanding the mechanism of tightly coupled ion exchange proteins, important effectors of cell volume regulation and other physiologically important transport processes requires means to observe dynamic changes in structure during the transport cycle. As a step towards this goal, we have applied single-pair fluorescence resonance energy transfer to a monomeric bacterial oxalate-formate exchanger (OxlT). METHODS A His-9 tagged OxlT mutant containing two cysteines at positions 17 and 224 was labelled with cyanine dye maleimides (Cy3 donor and Cy5 acceptor) and attached to glass coverslips for measurements of donor and acceptor emission from single molecules, as described (P. Pal et al. Biophys J89, L11, 2005). RESULTS Time-series data from 20 spots containing donor and acceptor provided evidence for single-pair energy transfer. From the efficiency of energy transfer, the mean donor-acceptor distance was determined to be 44.2 A. Considering the size of the probes, this is in good agreement with the Calpha distance of 39.6 A for the corresponding sites found in the OxlT structural (homology) model (Q. Yang et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci102, 8513, 2005). CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the feasibility of single-pair fluorescence resonance energy transfer to measure distances between known sites in single OxlT molecules. This technique provides a potential means to test models for transport-related conformational changes, as well as to detect real-time structure alterations during the catalytic transport cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Lesoine
- Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kokoris M, Nabavi M, Lancaster C, Clemmens J, Maloney P, Capadanno J, Gerdes J, Battrell CF. Rare cancer cell analyzer for whole blood applications: automated nucleic acid purification in a microfluidic disposable card. Methods 2005; 37:114-9. [PMID: 16199179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2005.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2005] [Accepted: 05/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One current challenge facing point-of-care cancer detection is that existing methods make it difficult, time consuming and too costly to (1) collect relevant cell types directly from a patient sample, such as blood and (2) rapidly assay those cell types to determine the presence or absence of a particular type of cancer. We present a proof of principle method for an integrated, sample-to-result, point-of-care detection device that employs microfluidics technology, accepted assays, and a silica membrane for total RNA purification on a disposable, credit card sized laboratory-on-card ('lab card") device in which results are obtained in minutes. Both yield and quality of on-card purified total RNA, as determined by both LightCycler and standard reverse transcriptase amplification of G6PDH and BCR-ABL transcripts, were found to be better than or equal to accepted standard purification methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Kokoris
- Micronics, Inc., Redmond, WA 98052, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lancaster C, Kokoris M, Nabavi M, Clemmens J, Maloney P, Capadanno J, Gerdes J, Battrell CF. Rare cancer cell analyzer for whole blood applications: Microcytometer cell counting and sorting subcircuits. Methods 2005; 37:120-7. [PMID: 16199174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2005.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2005] [Accepted: 05/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate sorting of rare cancer cells from blood using a thin ribbon monolayer of cells within a credit-card sized, microfluidic laboratory-on-a-card ("lab card") structure. This enables higher cell throughput per minute thereby speeding up cell interrogation. In this approach, multiple cells are viewed and sorted, not individually, but as a whole cell row or section of the ribbon at a time. Gated selection of only the cell rows containing a tagged rare cell provides enrichment of the rare cell relative to background blood cells. We also designed the cell injector for laminar flow antibody labeling within 20s. The approach combines rapid laminar flow cell labeling with monolayer cell sorting thereby enabling rare cell target detection at sensitivity levels 1000 to 10,000 times that of existing flow cytometers. Using this method, total cell labeling and data acquisition time on card may be reduced to a few minutes compared to 30-60 min for standard flow methods.
Collapse
|
36
|
Jones G, Venuti M, Young J, Krishna Murthy D, Loe B, Simpson R, Berks A, Spires D, Maloney P, Kruseman M, Rouhafza S, Kappas K, Beard C, Unger S, Cheung P. Additions and Corrections - Topical Nonsteroidal Antipsoriatic Agents. 1. 1,2,3,4-Tetraoxygenated Naphthalene Derivatives. J Med Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jm00162a604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
37
|
Nunn J, Nagini S, Risk JM, Prime W, Maloney P, Liloglou T, Jones AS, Rogers SR, Gosney JR, Woolgar J, Field JK. Allelic imbalance at the DNA mismatch repair loci, hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1, hPMS2 and hMSH3, in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Oral Oncol 2003; 39:115-29. [PMID: 12509964 DOI: 10.1016/s1368-8375(02)00028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is one of the 10 most frequently occurring cancers in the world. Defective mismatch repair, as exhibited by the phenomenon of microsatellite instability, has been observed in SCCHN although no reports of mismatch repair gene mutations or altered protein expression have been published. In a variety of microsatellite instability (MSI) positive cancers where mutations in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes were not observed, allelic imbalance at the loci of the MMR genes was prevalent. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether allelic imbalance at the MMR genetic loci contributes to the development of SCCHN. MATERIALS AND METHODS 35 matched normal/tumour SCCHN pairs were studied using 29 microsatellite markers located within and adjacent to six known DNA mismatch repair genes. In addition, mutational analysis and protein expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 were investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that 36 and 17% of the analysed SCCHN specimens exhibited allele imbalance at the hMLH1 and hMSH3 genetic loci, respectively. Allelic instability at these two loci was found to be correlated with the MSI status of the SCCHN tumours. Allelic instability was found to be uncommon at the other MMR gene loci analysed. One mutation was found in hMSH2 and none in hMLH1 in this series of tumours. 23 of 24 (96%) of the examined SCCHN tumours showed reduced expression of either hMSH2 or hMCH1 genes. Allelic instability in the MMR genes, hMLH1 and hMSH3, is proposed to be involved in the aetiology of SCCHN tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Nunn
- Molecular Genetics and Oncology Group, Department of Clinical Dental Science, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Scholes AG, Liloglou T, Maloney P, Hagan S, Nunn J, Hiscott P, Damato BE, Grierson I, Field JK. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 3, 9, 13, and 17, including the retinoblastoma locus, in uveal melanoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001; 42:2472-7. [PMID: 11581185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify tumor-suppressor loci that may contribute to the pathogenesis of uveal melanoma. METHODS Multiplex fluorescence microsatellite assays were performed on 27 uveal melanomas using markers at 3p25-p26, 3p14.2, 9p21-p23, 13q14, 13q12.3-q13, and 17p13, close to or within the von Hippel Lindau (VHL), fragile histidine triad (FHIT), p16/cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 (CDKN2A), retinoblastoma (RB1), breast cancer 2 (BRCA2), and p53 tumor suppressor loci, respectively. Further markers on chromosomes 3 and 9 were analyzed individually. RESULTS Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was identified in 63% of tumors, most frequently on chromosome 3 (52%), in association with epithelioid cells (P = 0.0002) and microvascular loops (P = 0.0008). In the majority of cases, LOH on chromosome 3 was detected at all informative markers. The second most common alteration was LOH at an RB1 intragenic marker (21% tumors), with retention of a more centromeric 13q marker (near BRCA2). The pattern of LOH on chromosome 9p was consistent with the involvement of a region telomeric to CDKN2A. LOH at TP53 was infrequent. CONCLUSIONS In the majority of cases, chromosome 3 LOH involves an entire chromosome homologue, which hampers identification of the relevant suppressor loci. This LOH correlates with the presence of microvascular loops and epithelioid cells, two of the recognized histologic indicators of poor prognosis. Data for chromosomes 13 and 9 support a role for RB1 in the pathogenesis of uveal melanoma but also raise the possibility of the involvement of additional loci close to RB1 and CDKN2A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A G Scholes
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Medicine, The University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liloglou T, Maloney P, Xinarianos G, Hulbert M, Walshaw MJ, Gosney JR, Turnbull L, Field JK. Cancer-specific genomic instability in bronchial lavage: a molecular tool for lung cancer detection. Cancer Res 2001; 61:1624-8. [PMID: 11245475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
We examined genomic instability in DNA from 80 bronchial lavage samples from patients with lung cancer and individuals with no malignant lung disease. We used a multiplex assay of eight fluorescent-tagged microsatellite markers that have a very high incidence of allelic imbalance in lung tumors. When genomic instability at individual loci was analyzed statistically against diagnosis, markers D3S1289 (P = 0.033), D3S1300 (P = 0.001), D13S171 (P = 0.009), and D17S2179E (P = 0.017) demonstrated significantly higher frequency of instability in bronchial lavage specimens from lung cancer cases than those with nonmalignant conditions. In contrast, markers D9S157, D9S161, D13S153, and D5S644 demonstrated lower specificity (P > 0.05) for lung tumors. These results suggest that genomic instability in some loci may be related to high proliferation rates but not necessarily to cell commitment to malignancy. When genomic instability was scored with only the four cancer-specific markers, the assay produced a sensitivity of 73.9% and a specificity of 76.5%. On combining the results from the cytological examination and the molecular assay, the sensitivity reached 82.6%. These results indicate that in our efforts to investigate genomic instability as a potential marker for the early detection of lung cancer, we need to identify cancer-specific genomic instability markers. This paper has shown that these first four markers may be considered to form an individual set of cancer-specific genomic instability markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Liloglou
- Roy Castle International Centre for Lung Cancer Research, Molecular Oncology Unit, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lieberman LD, Gray H, Wier M, Fiorentino R, Maloney P. Long-term outcomes of an abstinence-based, small-group pregnancy prevention program in New York City schools. Fam Plann Perspect 2000; 32:237-45. [PMID: 11030261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite drops in U.S. teenage birthrates, questions continue to arise about how best to reduce the country's adolescent birthrate. School-based programs continue to be considered one of the best ways to reach adolescents at risk of early sexual activity. METHODS A total of 312 students completed a pretest, a posttest and a follow-up one year after the posttest: 125 who had participated in a 3-4-month-long abstinence-based small-group intervention led by trained social workers, and 187 in a comparison group that received no special services. RESULTS There were few significant differences between the intervention and comparison groups at posttest. At the one-year follow-up, however, intervention students had significantly better scores on locus of control, their relationship with their parents and (among males only) their attitudes about the appropriateness of teenage sex. Measures of depression, self-esteem, intentions to have sex, attitudes toward teenage pregnancy and various behaviors did not differ significantly between groups. By the time of the one-year follow-up, there was no difference between study groups among females in the initiation of sexual intercourse. Among the males, initiation of sexual intercourse appeared to be higher in the intervention group than in the comparison group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Positive outcomes were especially limited among students who were already sexually active at the start of the study, a finding that emphasizes the difficulties of reaching adolescents who are already at high risk for pregnancy CONCLUSIONS A small-group abstinence-based intervention focusing on mental health can have some impact on adolescents' attitudes and relationships (particularly with their parents). Long-term evaluations are important for determining the effects of an intervention, as it is difficult to change adolescent risk behavior.
Collapse
|
41
|
Xinarianos G, Liloglou T, Prime W, Maloney P, Callaghan J, Fielding P, Gosney JR, Field JK. hMLH1 and hMSH2 expression correlates with allelic imbalance on chromosome 3p in non-small cell lung carcinomas. Cancer Res 2000; 60:4216-21. [PMID: 10945633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
DNA mismatch repair genes have been implicated in the pathogenesis and predisposition of certain malignancies through a mutator phenotype. In this study, we investigated, in 150 non-small cell lung carcinomas, the expression levels of hMLH1 and hMSH2 proteins in relation to loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 3p and 2p, the mutational status of these genes' promoters and the hot spot exons. We have demonstrated that 88 of 150 (58.6%) tumor specimens had reduced expression levels of the hMLH1 protein, whereas 85 of 147 (57.8%) specimens had reduced expression levels of the hMSH2 protein. Reduced expression levels of both proteins were observed in 51 of 150 (34%) specimens. In adenocarcinomas, the reduction of hMSH2 expression was more frequently observed than that of hMLH1 (P<0.003), whereas in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung hMLH1 expression was more frequently reduced than hMSH2 (P<0.006). Reduced expression of hMLH1correlated with allelic imbalance on loci D3S1289 (P<0.0002) and D2S391 (P<0.05). It is of note that an inverse correlation was found between hMSH2 reduced expression and loss of heterozygosity at locus D3S1300 (P = 0.016). In addition, hMLH1 reduced expression was more frequently associated with heavy smokers, assessed by daily tobacco uptake (P = 0.018) and total smoking exposure (pack-years; P<0.05). In addition, a correlation between hMLH1 reduced expression and nodal metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was observed (P = 0.015). No mutations were identified in the promoters or exons examined in these two genes. These findings indicate that hMLH1 and hMSH2 gene inactivation is a common event in the development of non-small cell lung carcinoma and allelic loss seems to be a major genetic event involved in hMLH1 silencing. In addition, we propose that a putative negative regulator of hMSH2 gene may be located at the locus 3p14.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Alleles
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carrier Proteins
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Exons/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- Loss of Heterozygosity
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- MutL Protein Homolog 1
- MutS Homolog 2 Protein
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins
- Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Xinarianos
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Roy Castle International Centre for Lung Cancer Research, Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liloglou T, Maloney P, Xinarianos G, Fear S, Field JK. Sensitivity and limitations of high throughput fluorescent microsatellite analysis for the detection of allelic imbalance: application in lung tumors. Int J Oncol 2000; 16:5-14. [PMID: 10601542 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.16.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used two hexaplex fluorescent microsatellite assays and analysis on an automatic sequencer to determine allelic imbalance in lung tumors. The markers used are located close to tumor-suppressor genes, DNA repair genes and regions frequently lost in lung cancer. We present a reference interval and quantify the reproducibility of the assays as assessed by multiple repeat reactions for normal DNAs. The cut-off value was calculated to 0.77 (23% reduction of one allele intensity) which, to the best of our knowledge, is currently the lowest reported cut-off. Using these parameters we analysed 85 lung carcinomas. Eighty-three samples (97.6%) showed allelic imbalance in at least one locus. It is of note that by using a selection of only 6 markers, imbalance was detected in 81 (95.2%) of the samples. Loci 9p21 and 9p23 exhibited the greatest imbalance (77% and 75% respectively). The fractional allele loss (FAL) for the 3p markers examined was greater in squamous cell carcinomas than adenocarcinomas (t-test, p=0.0001) while no such difference was observed for 9p. The degree of imbalance of different markers within the same sample was divergent, indicating heterogeneity of genomic status (losses, amplifications, aneuploidy) in these tumors. In conclusion, we have established a robust experimental platform with high throughput, sensitivity and specificity for the detection of allelic imbalance in lung tumors. Such assays may be useful for the detection of allelic imbalance in clinical samples to trace genetically abnormal cells and thus assist in the identification of individuals at a high risk for developing lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Liloglou
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Roy Castle International Centre for Lung Cancer Research, Liverpool L3 9TA, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bauman WA, Adkins RH, Spungen AM, Herbert R, Schechter C, Smith D, Kemp BJ, Gambino R, Maloney P, Waters RL. Is immobilization associated with an abnormal lipoprotein profile? Observations from a diverse cohort. Spinal Cord 1999; 37:485-93. [PMID: 10438115 DOI: 10.1038/sj.sc.3100862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The potential effects of ethnicity, gender, and adiposity on the serum lipid profile in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) were determined. SUBJECTS Subjects with SCI were recruited during their annual physical examination from Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center, Downey, California. Sedentary able-bodied controls were Bridge and Tunnel Officers of the Triboro Bridge and Tunnel Authority of the New York City metropolitan area. METHODS Serum lipid profiles were investigated in 320 subjects with SCI and compared to those obtained from 303 relatively sedentary able-bodied controls. Serum lipid studies were obtained in the fasting state. Data were collected between 1993 and 1996. All lipid determinations were performed by the same commercial laboratory. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The dependent variables were the values from the lipid profile analysis. The independent variables consisted of study group, gender, ethnic group, age, duration of injury, and anthropometric measurements. RESULTS The serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) level was reduced in the SCI compared with the control group (mean+/-SEM) (42+/-0.79 vs 47+/-0.67 mg/dl, P<0.0005). The serum HDL-c level was significantly lower in males with SCI than males in the control group (39+/-0.83 vs 45+/-0.70 mg/dl, P<0.0001), but not for females (51+/-1.54 vs 54 1.52 mg/dl, n.s.). Within the subgroups for whites and Latinos, HDL-c values were also lower in subjects with SCI than in controls (whites: 41+/-1.02 vs 46+/-0.86 mg/dl, P<0.0001; Latinos: 37+/-1.53 vs 42+/-1.59 mg/dl, P<0.05), but not for African Americans (49+/-1.56 vs 51+/-1.27 mg/dl, n.s.). African Americans had higher HDL-c values than whites or Latinos (SCI: 49+/-1.56 vs 41+/-1.02 or 37+/-1.53 mg/dl, P< 0.0001; controls: 51+/-1.27 vs 46+/-0.86 mg/dl, P<0.01 or 42+/-1.59 mg/dl, P<0.0005). In persons with SCI, the serum HDL-c values were inversely related to body mass index and estimated per cent body fat (r=0.27, P<0.0001). CONCLUSION In white and Latino males, but not in females or African Americans, immobilization from SCI appears to be associated with lower HDL-c values than in controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W A Bauman
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bauman WA, Adkins RH, Spungen AM, Herbert R, Schechter C, Smith D, Kemp BJ, Gambino R, Maloney P, Waters RL. Individuals with extreme inactivity do not have abnormal serum lipoprotein (a) levels. Horm Metab Res 1998; 30:601-3. [PMID: 9808332 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-978941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W A Bauman
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Huff SM, Rocha RA, McDonald CJ, De Moor GJ, Fiers T, Bidgood WD, Forrey AW, Francis WG, Tracy WR, Leavelle D, Stalling F, Griffin B, Maloney P, Leland D, Charles L, Hutchins K, Baenziger J. Development of the Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC) vocabulary. J Am Med Inform Assoc 1998; 5:276-92. [PMID: 9609498 PMCID: PMC61302 DOI: 10.1136/jamia.1998.0050276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/1997] [Accepted: 01/07/1998] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The LOINC (Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes) vocabulary is a set of more than 10,000 names and codes developed for use as observation identifiers in standardized messages exchanged between clinical computer systems. The goal of the study was to create universal names and codes for clinical observations that could be used by all clinical information systems. The LOINC names are structured to facilitate rapid matching, either automated or manual, between local vocabularies and the universal LOINC codes. If LOINC codes are used in clinical messages, each system participating in data exchange needs to match its local vocabulary to the standard vocabulary only once. This will reduce both the time and cost of implementing standardized interfaces. The history of the development of the LOINC vocabulary and the methodology used in its creation are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Huff
- Intermountain Health Care, Salt Lake City, Utah 84111, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bauman WA, Adkins RH, Spungen AM, Maloney P, Gambino R, Waters RL. Ethnicity effect on the serum lipid profile in persons with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998; 79:176-80. [PMID: 9474000 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9993(98)90296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The potential effect of ethnicity on the serum lipid profile and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] was studied in a population with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). STUDY DESIGN The distribution and correlates of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and Lp(a) were studied in a population of 600 subjects with chronic SCI. RESULTS Mean +/- SEM serum HDL cholesterol was significantly higher in the African American group than in the white and Latino groups (47 +/- 1 vs 40 +/- 1 and 38 +/- 1 mg/dL, p < .0001, respectively). The African American group had a lower serum total to HDL cholesterol ratio than white and Latino groups (4.46 +/- .153 vs 5.18 +/- .168 and 5.40 +/- .140 mg/dL, p < .01, respectively). Mean serum Lp(a) levels were significantly higher in the African American group than in Latino or white groups (29 +/- 2 vs 18 +/- 1 and 15 +/- 1 mg/dL, p < .0001, respectively). Age, duration of SCI, and level and completeness of lesion had no significant effect on serum Lp(a) level. CONCLUSIONS In a population with chronic SCI, those in the African American group had the highest serum HDL cholesterol concentrations, the lowest serum total to HDL cholesterol ratios, and elevated levels of serum Lp(a) compared with the Latino and white groups. In a population of individuals with chronic SCI, ethnicity was shown to have a major effect on serum lipids and may be used to assist in the determination of cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W A Bauman
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Mehra P, Caiazzo A, Maloney P. Lidocaine toxicity. Anesth Prog 1998; 45:38-41. [PMID: 9790008 PMCID: PMC2148953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Local anesthetics are the most commonly used drugs in dentistry. The number of adverse reactions reported, particularly toxic reactions, are extraordinarily negligible. This article reports a case of lidocaine toxicity with its typical manifestation in a 37-yr-old healthy male. The toxic reaction followed transoral/transpharyngeal topical spraying of lidocaine preoperatively during preparation for general anesthesia. A review of dosages of the most commonly used local anesthetic drugs in dentistry and the management of a toxic reaction is presented. Clinicians need to be in a position to recognize and successfully manage this potential adverse reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Mehra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Boston University School of Dental Medicine, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Garland JS, Buck RK, Maloney P, Durkin DM, Toth-Lloyd S, Duffy M, Szocik P, McAuliffe TL, Goldmann D. Comparison of 10% povidone-iodine and 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate for the prevention of peripheral intravenous catheter colonization in neonates: a prospective trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995; 14:510-6. [PMID: 7667056 DOI: 10.1097/00006454-199506000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of 10% povidone-iodine with that of 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% isopropyl alcohol for the prevention of peripheral intravenous catheter colonization in neonates. This was a multicenter, nonrandomized prospective study in a tertiary neonatal intensive care setting in which povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine gluconate were each used as antiseptic skin preparations over sequential 6-month periods. During the first 6 months of the study when povidone-iodine was in use 9.3% (38 of 408) of catheters were colonized. During the second 6 months of the study when chlorhexidine gluconate was in use, catheter colonization occurred in 4.7% (20 of 418, P = 0.01). Catheter-related bacteremia occurred during only 0.2% (2 of 826) of all catheterizations. Heavy skin colonization before catheter insertion (relative risk, 3.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.9, 7.0), catheterization > or = 72 hours (relative risk. 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.01, 3.8) and gestational age < or = 32 weeks (relative risk, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.02, 3.3) increased colonization risk. Ampicillin infusion (relative risk, 0.4; 95% confidence interval, 0.2, 0.7) and 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate cutaneous antisepsis (relative risk, 0.4; 95% confidence interval, 0.2, 0.8) were factors associated with decreased colonization risk. We conclude that 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% isopropyl alcohol appears to be more efficacious than 10% povidone-iodine for the prevention of peripheral intravenous catheter colonization in neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Garland
- Joint Program in Neonatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Murphy D, Maloney P, Brown J. Evaluation of DCL reagents on the Hitachi 747. Clin Biochem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-9120(95)91393-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
50
|
Murphy D, Brown J, Maloney P. Evaluation of DCL γ-GT reagent on Hitachi instruments. Clin Biochem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-9120(95)91394-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|