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Jena B, Bajish CC, Turner J, Ravichandran M, Kshitija S, Anilkumar N, Singh AK, Pradhan PK, Ray Y, Saini S. Mechanisms associated with the rapid decline in sea ice cover around a stranded ship in the Lazarev Sea, Antarctica. Sci Total Environ 2022; 821:153379. [PMID: 35085627 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the satellite data era starting from 1979, the extent of Antarctic sea ice increased moderately for the first 37 years. However, the extent decreased to record low levels from 2016 to 2020, with the drop being greatest in the Weddell and Lazarev Seas of the Southern Ocean. An important question for the scientific fraternity and policymakers is to understand what ocean-atmospheric processes triggered such a rapid decline in sea ice. We employ in-situ, satellite, and atmospheric reanalysis data to examine the causative mechanism of anomalous sea ice variability in the Lazarev Sea at a time of ice growth in the annual cycle (March-April 2019), when a cargo ship was stuck in extensive ice cover and freed following the unusual decline in sea ice. High-resolution Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar captured a distinct view of the ship location and track within extensive ice cover of fast sea ice, dense pack ice, and icebergs in the Lazarev Sea on 27 March 2019. Subsequently, the sea ice cover declined and reached the fourth lowest extent in the entire satellite record during April 2019 which was 25.6% lower than the long-term mean value of 2.65 × 106 km2. We show that the anomalous sea ice variability was due to the occurrence of eastward-moving polar cyclones, including a quasi-stationary explosive development that impacted sea ice through extreme changes in ocean-atmospheric conditions. The cyclone-induced dynamic (poleward propagation of ocean waves and ice motion) and thermodynamic (heat and moisture plumes from midlatitudes, ocean mixed layer warming) processes coupled with high tides provided a conducive environment for an exceptional decline in sea ice over the region of ship movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jena
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Vasco-da-Gama, India.
| | - C C Bajish
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Vasco-da-Gama, India
| | - J Turner
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Ravichandran
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Vasco-da-Gama, India
| | - S Kshitija
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Vasco-da-Gama, India
| | - N Anilkumar
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Vasco-da-Gama, India
| | - A K Singh
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Vasco-da-Gama, India
| | - P K Pradhan
- Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - Y Ray
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Vasco-da-Gama, India
| | - S Saini
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Vasco-da-Gama, India
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Yadav MK, Rastogi A, Verma DK, Paria A, Kushwaha B, Rathore G, Swaminathan TR, Pradhan PK, Sood N. Establishment and characterization of a continuous cell line from caudal fin of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822). Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1299-1304. [PMID: 35535632 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Labeo calbasu is an important food fish and candidate species for diversification of carp aquaculture. In the present study, we have established a continuous cell line, designated as L. calbasu fin (LCF), from caudal fin of L. calbasu using explant method. The cell line has been subcultured for over 73 passages and the LCF cells show optimal growth in Leibovitz's L-15 medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum at a temperature of 28°C. In karyotype analysis, the modal chromosome number of LCF cells at 35th passage was found to be 50. The amplification and sequencing of partial fragments of mitochondrial genes, namely 16S rRNA and COI from LCF cells confirmed the origin of cell line from L. calbasu. The LCF cells could be successfully transfected with GFP reporter gene, indicating suitability of these cells for expression of foreign genes. Further, following inoculation with supernatant from Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) infected cell line, no cytopathic effects were observed in the LCF cells and cell pellet was negative for TiLV in RT-PCR, indicating that LCF cells were not susceptible to TiLV. The developed cell line has been submitted to National Repository of Fish Cell Lines being maintained at ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow (accession no. NRFC063). The newly developed LCF cell line would be helpful in investigating diseases affecting this candidate species particularly the ones suspected to be of viral etiology, and for cytotoxicity and transgenic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Yadav
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aakriti Rastogi
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dev K Verma
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anutosh Paria
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Basdeo Kushwaha
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Rathore
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T Raja Swaminathan
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR-NBFGR, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Pravata K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Verma DK, Sood N, Paria A, Swaminathan TR, Mohan CV, Rajendran KV, Pradhan PK. Reassortment and evolutionary dynamics of tilapia lake virus genomic segments. Virus Res 2021; 308:198625. [PMID: 34780882 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The tilapia lake virus (TiLV), a highly infectious negative-sense single-stranded segmented RNA virus, has caused several outbreaks worldwide since its first report from Israel in 2014, and continues to pose a major threat to the global tilapia industry. Despite its economic importance, little is known about the underlying mechanisms in the genomic evolution of this highly infectious viral pathogen. Using phylogenomic approaches to the genome sequences of TiLV isolates from various geographic regions, we report on the pervasive role of reassortment, selection, and mutation in TiLV evolution. Our findings provided the evidence of genome-wide reassortment in this newly discovered RNA virus. The rate of non-synonymous (dN) to synonymous (dS) substitutions was less than one (dN/dS = 0.076 to 0.692), indicating that each genomic segment has been subjected to purifying selection. Concurrently, the rate of nucleotide substitution for each genomic segment was in the order of 1-3 × 10-3 nucleotide substitutions per site per year, which is comparable to the rate of other RNA viruses. Collectively, in line with the results of the previous studies, our results demonstrated that reassortment is the dominant force in the evolution and emergence of this highly infectious segmented RNA virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev Kumar Verma
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226002, India
| | - Neeraj Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226002, India
| | - Anutosh Paria
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226002, India
| | - T R Swaminathan
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR-NBFGR, CMFRI Campus, Kochi, Kerala 682018, India
| | | | - K V Rajendran
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400061, India
| | - P K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226002, India.
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Yadav SK, Jha CK, Patil S, Datta D, Mishra A, Pradhan PK. Lutetium therapy-induced carcinoid crisis: A case report and review of literature. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 16:S206-S208. [PMID: 33380679 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_22_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with 177lutetium (Lu)-labeled somatostatin analogs is a promising new tool in the management of patients with inoperable or metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Some of these patients may present with carcinoid syndrome and it is known that rarely carcinoid crisis can be precipitated by surgical or other interventions in these patients. However, there are anecdotal reports of carcinoid crisis after Lu-labeled peptide therapy. We are reporting our experience of successful management of one such case of carcinoid crisis which was precipitated by Lu therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Yadav
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Chandan Kumar Jha
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Shrinivas Patil
- Medical Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Deepanksha Datta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Anjali Mishra
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - P K Pradhan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Sood N, Pradhan PK, Raja Swaminathan T, Rathore G, Jena JK, Lal KK. National Surveillance Programme For Aquatic Animal Diseases – A Stepping Stone For Establishing Disease Governance System In India. CURR SCI INDIA 2021. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v120/i2/273-277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Verma DK, Peruzza L, Trusch F, Yadav MK, Ravindra, Shubin SV, Morgan KL, Mohindra V, Hauton C, van West P, Pradhan PK, Sood N. Transcriptome analysis reveals immune pathways underlying resistance in the common carp Cyprinus carpio against the oomycete Aphanomyces invadans. Genomics 2020; 113:944-956. [PMID: 33127583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Aphanomyces invadans is a serious fish disease with major global impacts. Despite affecting over 160 fish species, some of the species like the common carp Cyprinus carpio are resistant to A. invadans infection. In the present study, we investigated the transcriptomes of head kidney of common carp experimentally infected with A. invadans. In time course analysis, 5288 genes were found to be differentially expressed (DEGs), of which 731 were involved in 21 immune pathways. The analysis of immune-related DEGs suggested that efficient processing and presentation of A. invadans antigens, enhanced phagocytosis, recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and increased recruitment of leukocytes to the sites of infection contribute to resistance of common carp against A. invadans. Herein, we provide a systematic understanding of the disease resistance mechanisms in common carp at molecular level as a valuable resource for developing disease management strategies for this devastating fish-pathogenic oomycete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev Kumar Verma
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Luca Peruzza
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; Present address: Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Franziska Trusch
- International Centre for Aquaculture Research and Development, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom; Present address: University of Dundee, School of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences (@ James Hutton Institute), Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Manoj Kumar Yadav
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravindra
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sergei V Shubin
- College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Kenton L Morgan
- The Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, CH64 7TE, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Vindhya Mohindra
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chris Hauton
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom
| | - Pieter van West
- International Centre for Aquaculture Research and Development, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - P K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Pradhan PK, Paria A, Pande V, Verma DK, Arya P, Rathore G, Sood N. Expression of immune genes in Indian major carp, Catla catla challenged with Flavobacterium columnare. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 94:599-606. [PMID: 31542493 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Columnaris disease, caused by Flavobacterium columnare, is one of the important bacterial diseases responsible for large-scale mortalities in numerous freshwater fishes globally. This disease can cause up to 100% mortality within 24 h of infection and is considered to be a cause of concern for aquaculture industry. Despite being a serious disease, scarce information is available regarding host-pathogen interaction, particularly the modulation of different immune genes in response to F. columnare infection. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt has been made to study expression of important immune regulatory genes, namely IL-1β, iNOS, INF-γ, IL-10, TGF-β, C3, MHC-I and MHC-II in gills and kidney of Catla catla following experimental infection with F. columnare. The expression analysis of immune genes revealed that transcript levels of IL-1β, iNOS, IL-10, TGF-β, C3 and MHC-I were significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05) in both the organs of the infected catla. IFN-γ and MHC-II were up-regulated in gills of infected catla whereas, both the genes showed down-regulation in kidney. The results indicate that important immune genes of C. catla are modulated following infection with F. columnare. The knowledge thus generated will strengthen the understanding of molecular pathogenesis of F. columnare in Indian major carp C. catla.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anutosh Paria
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dev K Verma
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P Arya
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Rathore
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Dhingra VK, Pradhan PK, Garg N, Basu S. The feasibility and safety of graded adenosine stress test for myocardial perfusion in asthmatic and/or COPD patients. Hell J Nucl Med 2019; 22:135-139. [PMID: 31273356 DOI: 10.1967/s002449911007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
SUBJECT AND METHODS A total of 40 patients (M:F::26:14; age range: 37-84yrs; mean: 64.1yrs) with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (ranging from mild to severe), referred for a stress myocardial perfusion study, were included in this study over a period of one year. All patients underwent adenosine stress in a titrated protocol and pre-infusion of short acting bronchodilator salbutamol 2 puffs few minutes prior to start adenosine infusion. In a fraction of 26 patients, pulmonary function tests (PFT) were performed and used in addition to clinical examination to classify the severity of pulmonary obstruction. On the basis of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) on PFT, 4 patients had a mild disease (FEV1 60%-80%), 17 had a moderate obstructive disease (FEV1 41%-59%) and 4 had severe COPD/asthma (FEV1 <40%) while 2 patients had normal >95% FEV1. Post-stress questionnaire to assess subjective tolerance and symptoms were undertaken for all patients. RESULTS The results demonstrated an excellent tolerance to adenosine infusion in this group of patients, with adequate stress achieved in all. None had complaints of severe dyspnoea or respiratory distress requiring medical intervention. Thirteen patients had mild to moderate degree dyspnoea during infusion. The study included a significant number of 23 elderly patients (>65 years), who showed better tolerance than the younger patients. CONCLUSION In this pilot study in patients with COPD who referred for myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, the feasibility and safety of adenosine in a graded protocol along with a good pre-stress assessment and a short acting bronchodilator treatment was documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana K Dhingra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, AIIMS, Rishikesh Uttarakhand, India.
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Kumar A, Pradhan PK, Chadha NK, Mohindra V, Tiwari VK, Sood N, Gisbert E. Ontogeny of the digestive tract in stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) larvae. Fish Physiol Biochem 2019; 45:667-679. [PMID: 30805756 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00618-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) is an important candidate species for diversification of freshwater aquaculture in India. However, high mortality rate during larval rearing is the most serious bottleneck in commercial production of this species. A proper understanding of the ontogenic development of digestive system provides the basis to understand the nutritional physiology of larvae and develop appropriate feeding strategies. In the present study, the ontogenical development of the digestive tract in H. fossilis larvae was studied from hatching until 30 day post-hatching (dph) at 29 °C. At hatching (2.8 ± 0.2 mm standard length, SL), the digestive tract was undifferentiated and attached dorsally to the yolk sac. At 1 dph (2.9 ± 0.2 mm SL), the mouth opened and oral valves were visible. At 2 dph (3.0 ± 0.3 mm SL), goblet cells were observed in the buccoparyngaeal cavity. At this age, exogenous feeding started and the intestine was differentiated into the anterior and posterior regions, and the rudimentary liver and pancreas were also seen. Small supranuclear vacuoles were observed in the enterocytes of the posterior intestine at 2 dph. Zymogen granules were observed in acinar cells of pancreas by 3 dph, and islets of Langerhans were visible at 4 dph (3.5 ± 0.1 mm SL). At the same age, most of the yolk sac reserves were consumed, whereas they were completely exhausted by 5 dph (3.9 ± 0.5 mm SL). Between 4 and 6 dph, the liver elongated in size and started to accumulate lipids in the hepatocytes. Gastric glands were detected at 4 dph, and the pyloric sphincter was completely differentiated at 9 dph (6.1 ± 0.4 mm SL) as an epithelial fold that separated stomach from the anterior intestine. By 13 dph (8.6 ± 0.2 mm SL), profuse gastric glands were visible inside longitudinal mucosal folds of the stomach. The formation of gastric glands and their development were noticed as the last events in the development of the digestive tract in H. fossilis. This indicated the end of the larval period and the commencement of the juvenile stage. Considering these observations, it is suggested that H. fossilis larvae have a morphologically complete digestive tract by 13 dph. The findings of the study on the development of the digestive system in H. fossilis may help in synchronising the larval stage of development and feeding strategies and would be helpful in improving larval rearing techniques for catfish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Andheri (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 061, India
| | - P K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India.
| | - N K Chadha
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Andheri (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 061, India
| | - V Mohindra
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India
| | - V K Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Panch Marg, Off Yari Road, Andheri (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 061, India
| | - N Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India
| | - E Gisbert
- IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Rapita, Unitat de Cultius Aquicoles, Crta. de Poblenou km 5.5, 43450 Sant Carles de la Rapita, Tarragona, Spain
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Gupta J, Azis S, Rutten L, Manchanda R, Pramanik A, Chakraborty P, Singh P, Singh JP, Sah M, Reddy GRC, Sarangi M, Chakma A, Ramteke S, Pradhan PK, Devi P, Singh O, Sahoo AR, Avinash KK, Singh N, Goli S. Exploring the predictive value of specific symptom as prognostic factor: Assessment of group-confined likelihood ratio for symptom ‘Headache’ in 20 lesser-known drugs. Indian J Res Homoeopathy 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijrh.ijrh_65_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Pradhan PK, Sood N, Yadav MK, Arya P, Chaudhary DK, Kumar U, Kumar CB, Swaminathan TR, Rathore G. Effect of immunization of rohu Labeo rohita with inactivated germinated zoospores in providing protection against Aphanomyces invadans. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 78:195-201. [PMID: 29684607 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Infection with Aphanomyces invadans is one of the most destructive diseases of freshwater fishes. Indian major carps, the dominant cultured species in the Indian sub-continent are highly susceptible to this disease. Till date, there is no effective treatment for control of this disease and immunization can be one of the strategies to reduce disease-related losses. In the present study, inactivated germinated zoospores of A. invadans were evaluated as antigen in conjunction with and without adjuvant Montanide™ ISA 763 A VG, for assessing their efficacy in rendering protection against A. invadans infection. For the experiment, rohu Labeo rohita, (n = 160, 74 ± 12 g) were divided into 4 groups (C, A, G and GA) with 40 fish in each group. The fish in groups i.e., C, A, G and GA were injected intraperitoneally with PBS, adjuvant emulsified with PBS, inactivated germinated zoospores, and inactivated germinated zoospores emulsified with adjuvant, respectively. After 21 days of immunization, the fish were given a booster dose as above. After 7 days of the booster dose, the fish were challenged with zoospores of A. invadans to determine the relative percent survival (RPS). The results revealed that all the fish in C, A and G group succumbed to infection (0% RPS), although there was delayed mortality in fish from A and G groups in comparison to the C group. However, the fish in GA group showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) protection (66.7% RPS). In addition, following booster immunization (before challenge), the antibody level in the GA group was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the control group. In western blotting, sera from G and GA groups showed reactivity with peptides of about 54 KDa. Following challenge (on 14th day), the antibody level as well as total antiprotease activity in fish of all the groups was significantly decreased in comparison to pre-challenge, except fish in GA group not exhibiting any gross lesions. In addition, sera of surviving fish of GA group showed significant inhibition of germination of zoospores and germlings growth in comparison to other groups (P < 0.05). Further, histopathological examination of the muscle tissue revealed that, in fish of GA group without any gross lesions, there were well developed granulomas and extensive mononuclear cell infiltration restricted to the site of injection, whereas in other groups, there was extensive myonecrosis with proliferating hyphae. These preliminary findings indicate that inactivated germinated zoospores of A. invadans in combination with adjuvant could stimulate good immune response and confer remarkable protection in rohu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravata K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Neeraj Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Manoj K Yadav
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pooja Arya
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dharmendra K Chaudhary
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Uday Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandra Bhushan Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T R Swaminathan
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR-NBFGR, CMFRI Campus, Kochi, 682 018, Kerala, India
| | - Gaurav Rathore
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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12
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Soni P, Pradhan PK, Swaminathan TR, Sood N. Development, characterization and application of a new epithelial cell line from caudal fin of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878). Acta Trop 2018; 182:215-222. [PMID: 29545155 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A cell line, designated as PHF, has been established from caudal fin of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. The cell line was developed using explant method and PHF cells have been subcultured for more than 72 passages over a period of 14 months. The cells were able to grow at temperatures between 24 and 32° C, with an optimum temperature of 28° C. The growth rate of PHF cells was directly proportional to FBS concentration, with optimum growth observed at 20% FBS concentration. On the basis of immunophenotyping assay, PHF cells were confirmed to be of epithelial type. Karyotyping of PHF cells revealed diploid number of chromosomes (2n = 60) at 39th and 65th passage, which indicated that the developed cell line is chromosomally stable. The origin of the cell line was confirmed by amplification and sequencing of cytochrome oxidase c subunit I and 16S rRNA genes. The cell line was tested for Mycoplasma contamination and found to be negative. The cells were successfully transfected with GFP reporter gene suggesting that the developed cell line could be utilized for gene expression studies in future. The cell line could be successfully employed for evaluating the cytotoxicity of heavy metals, namely mercuric chloride and sodium arsenite suggesting that PHF cell line can be potential surrogate for whole fish for studying the cytotoxicity of water soluble compounds. The result of virus susceptibility to tilapia lake virus (TiLV) revealed that PHF cells were refractory to TiLV virus. The newly established cell line would be a useful tool for investigating disease outbreaks particularly of viral etiology, transgenic as well as cytotoxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Soni
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pravata K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - T R Swaminathan
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR-NBFGR, CMFRI Campus, Kochi, 682 018, Kerala, India
| | - Neeraj Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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13
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Jha CK, Agrawal V, Mishra A, Pradhan PK. Overt Skeletal Metastases in a Patient of Occult (Microscopic) Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma: a Rare Case. Indian J Surg Oncol 2018; 9:68-70. [PMID: 29563739 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-017-0709-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Occult follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) presenting as distant metastases is a rare occurrence. However, despite being occult in majority of these cases, primary tumor can be detected on thyroid imaging or during surgery. Here, we present an extremely rare case of an occult FTC with overt skeletal metastases in which primary tumor was discernible only on microscopic examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar Jha
- 1Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226 014 India
| | - Vinita Agrawal
- 2Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226 014 India
| | - Anjali Mishra
- 1Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226 014 India
| | - P K Pradhan
- 3Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226 014 India
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14
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Sood N, Pradhan PK, Verma DK, Yadav MK, Dev AK, Swaminathan TR, Sood NK. Candidatus Actinochlamydia pangasiae sp. nov. (Chlamydiales, Actinochlamydiaceae), a bacterium associated with epitheliocystis in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. J Fish Dis 2018; 41:281-290. [PMID: 28940578 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydial infections are recognised as causative agent of epitheliocystis, reported from over 90 fish species. In the present study, the farmed striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (14-15 cm, 70-90 g) with a history of cumulative mortality of about 23% during June and July 2015, were brought to the laboratory. The histopathological examination of gills from the affected fish revealed presence of granular basophilic intracellular inclusions, mostly at the base of the interlamellar region and in gill filaments. A concurrent infection with Trichodina spp., Ichthyobodo spp. and Dactylogyrus spp. was observed in the gills. The presence of chlamydial DNA in the gills of affected fish was confirmed by amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. BLAST-n analysis of these amplicons revealed maximum similarity (96%) with Candidatus Actinochlamydia clariae. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, it was inferred that the epitheliocystis agents from striped catfish were novel and belonged to the taxon Ca. Actinochlamydia. It is proposed that epitheliocystis agents from striped catfish will be named as Ca. Actinochlamydia pangasiae. The 16S rRNA gene amplicons from novel chlamydiae were labelled and linked to inclusions by in situ hybridisation. This is the first report of epitheliocystis from India in a new fish host P. hypophthalmus.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P K Pradhan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D K Verma
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M K Yadav
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Dev
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T R Swaminathan
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR-NBFGR, Kochi, Kerala
| | - N K Sood
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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15
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Gupta J, Manchanda R, Chakraborty P, Singh P, Ramteke S, Singh O, Prasad VG, Das KC, Pradhan PK, Singh JP, Gupta P, Rakshit G, Kumar A, Pramanik A, Nayak C, Azis S. Prevalence and prognostic factor in patients with good therapeutic response in a cohort of 172 patients with the homoeopathic medicine Aranea diadema: A multicentre, open-label, observational study. Indian J Res Homoeopathy 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/ijrh.ijrh_6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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16
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Sood N, Swaminathan TR, Yadav MK, Pradhan PK, Kumar R, Sood NK. First report of cutaneous infiltrative lipoma in goldfish Carassius auratus. Dis Aquat Organ 2017; 125:243-247. [PMID: 28792422 DOI: 10.3354/dao03148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Goldfish Carassius auratus is the most popular ornamental species, widely present in private and public aquaria. In the present case, 2 goldfish exhibited bilateral, multiple, variably sized, round, pale-white, soft, protruding masses on the body. The microscopic examination of the masses revealed well-differentiated adipocytes infiltrating the subcutaneous skeletal muscle bundles. The histological lesions were consistent with infiltrative lipoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of cutaneous infiltrative lipoma in goldfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Sood
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, PO Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226002, India
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17
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Dey S, Ghosh M, Rangra NK, Kant K, Shah SR, Pradhan PK, Singh S. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Determination of Praziquantel in Rat Plasma; Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies. Indian J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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18
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Yadav MK, Pradhan PK, Sood N, Chaudhary DK, Verma DK, Chauhan U, Punia P, Jena JK. Innate immune response against an oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces invadans in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), a fish resistant to epizootic ulcerative syndrome. Acta Trop 2016; 155:71-6. [PMID: 26739655 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Aphanomyces invadans, also known as epizootic ulcerative syndrome, is a destructive disease of freshwater and brackishwater fishes. Although more than 130 species of fish have been confirmed to be susceptible to this disease, some of the commercially important fish species like common carp, milk fish and tilapia are reported to be resistant. Species that are naturally resistant to a particular disease, provide a potential model to study the mechanisms of resistance against that disease. In the present study, following experimental infection with A. invadans in common carp Cyprinus carpio, sequential changes in various innate immune parameters and histopathological alterations were monitored. Some of the studied innate immunity parameters viz. respiratory burst, alternative complement and total antiproteases activities of the infected common carp were higher compared to control fish, particularly at early stages of infection. On the other hand, some parameters such as myeloperoxidase, lysozyme and alpha-2 macroglobulin activities were not altered. Histopathological examination of the muscle at the site of injection revealed well developed granulomas at 12 days post infection, with subsequent regeneration of muscle fibers. From the results, it could be inferred that innate defense mechanisms of common carp are able to neutralize the virulence factors secreted by A. invadans, thereby, preventing its invasive spread and containing the infection. The results obtained here will help to better understand the mechanisms underlying resistance against A. invadans infection.
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Chakraborty P, Manchanda R, Das KC, Rai MK, Singh O, Pradhan PK, Singh D, Koley M, Saha S, Nayak C. Symptom prevalence in a cohort of 147 patients improved with the homoeopathic medicine Ocimum canum: A multicenter, open, observational, clinical verification study. Indian J Res Homoeopathy 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0974-7168.194311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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20
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Gupta J, Manchanda R, Chakraborty P, Singh P, Nayan S, Singh JP, Pradhan PK, Ramteke S, Das KC, Prasad P, Gupta P, Rakshit G, Nayak C. Formic acid : A multicentric observational homoeopathic clinical verification trial. Indian J Res Homoeopathy 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0974-7168.194320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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21
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Chakraborty P, Manchanda R, Singh P, Pradhan PK, Prasad VG, Singh O, Rai MK, Koley M, Saha S, Nayak C. A multicenter, observational, homoeopathic clinical verification study of Cynodon dactylon revealing symptom prevalence in a cohort of 340 patients. Indian J Res Homoeopathy 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0974-7168.194298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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22
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Chakraborty PS, Manchanda R, Singh P, Nayan SS, Singh O, Pradhan PK, Singh DK, Saha S, Koley M, Nayak C. Mygale lasiodora: A multicentric observational homoeopathic clinical verification study. Indian J Res Homoeopathy 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/0974-7168.172869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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23
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Pradhan S, Panda A, Mohanty M, Behera JP, Ramani YR, Pradhan PK. A study of the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication in elderly in a tertiary care teaching hospital in the state of Odisha. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/2230-8598.165108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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24
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Swaminathan TR, Basheer VS, Gopalakrishnan A, Sood N, Pradhan PK. A new epithelial cell line, HBF from caudal fin of endangered yellow catfish, Horabagrus brachysoma (Gunther, 1864). Cytotechnology 2014; 68:515-23. [PMID: 25359669 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A new epithelial cell line, Horabagrus brachysoma fin (HBF), was established from the caudal fin tissue of yellow catfish, H. brachysoma and characterized. This HBF cell line was maintained in Leibovitz's-15 medium supplemented with 15 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) and subcultured more than 62 times over a period of 20 months. The HBF cell line consists predominantly of epithelial cells and is able to grow at temperatures between 20 and 35 °C with an optimum temperature of 28 °C. The growth rate of these cells increased as the proportion of FBS increased from 5 to 20 % at 28 °C with optimum growth at the concentrations of 15 % FBS. Partial amplification and sequencing of fragments of two mitochondrial genes 16S rRNA and COI confirmed that HBF cell line originated from yellow catfish. The HBF cells showed strong positive reaction to the cytokeratin marker, indicating that it was epithelial in nature. HBF cell line was inoculated with tissue homogenate from juveniles of Sea bass, Lates calcarifer infected with viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV) and found not susceptible to VNNV. The extracellular products of Vibrio cholerae MTCC 3904 were toxic to the HBF cells. These cells were confirmed for the absence of Mycoplasma sp by PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Raja Swaminathan
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Cochin Unit, CMFRI Campus, P.O. Number 1603, Cochin, 682018, Kerala, India.
| | - V S Basheer
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Cochin Unit, CMFRI Campus, P.O. Number 1603, Cochin, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - A Gopalakrishnan
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Cochin Unit, CMFRI Campus, P.O. Number 1603, Cochin, 682018, Kerala, India.,Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, P.O. Number 1603, Cochin, 682018, Kerala, India
| | - Neeraj Sood
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, India
| | - P K Pradhan
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, India
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25
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Awasthi A, Rathore G, Pradhan PK, Rebello SC, Khan MY, Lakra WS. Isolation and characterization of head kidney derived macrophages of Labeo rohita. J Environ Biol 2014; 35:949-954. [PMID: 25204072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play a significant role in non-specific defense mechanisms of all vertebrates against pathogens. One critical element in the area of fish immunology is the unavailability of in-vitro model of immune cells. Therefore, it is essential to develop methods for harvesting and culture of macrophages for assessing innate immune functions of rohu, Labeo rohita, an important culture fish of India. Head kidney leukocytes from were isolated by density gradient sedimentation, so as to exclude other cells. Among isolated leukocytes, only macrophages showed the unique property of sustained adherence on plastic surfaces. These cells exhibited optimum growth at 28 degrees C in L-15 containing 20% FBS. Cultured head kidney macrophages (HKM) demonstrated the property of phagocytosis as evidenced by engulfment of yeast cells. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (20 microg/ml) resulted in functional activation of macrophages as seen by enhanced reactive oxygen and nitrite production; and lysosomal enzyme activity. These results show that in-vitro model of HKM cells can be used to study the role of macrophages in innate immune responses against various immunomodulators.
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26
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Yadav MK, Pradhan PK, Sood N, Chaudhary DK, Verma DK, Debnath C, Sahoo L, Chauhan UK, Punia P, Jena JK. Innate immune response of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita infected with oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces invadans. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2014; 39:524-531. [PMID: 24945572 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The fish pathogenic oomycete Aphanomyces invadans is the causative agent of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS), a fish disease of international significance and reportable to the World Organisation for Animal Health. In spite of the current and potential impact of A. invadans infection on fisheries and aquaculture sectors of the world, very little is known about the host-A. invadans interactions. In the present study, following experimental infection with A. invadans in one of the Indian major carps, Labeo rohita, sequential changes in various innate immune parameters were monitored. The results indicated that at early stages of infection, no significant changes in any of the studied innate immune parameters were observed. However, at the advanced stages of infection from 6 to 12 days post infection (dpi), the respiratory burst and alternate complement activity were significantly higher whereas lysozyme, antiproteases and α-2 macroglobulin values were significantly lower than the control group and also from the infected group at earlier stages of infection. Since, the possibility of vaccination of fish against A. invadans appears remote due to difficulties in eliciting a specific antibody response, the information generated in the present study could be useful for developing strategies for improving resistance to A. invadans infection by stimulating the innate immunity through immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Yadav
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pravata K Pradhan
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Neeraj Sood
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dharmendra K Chaudhary
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dev K Verma
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandan Debnath
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Lambucherra 799 210, Tripura, India
| | - Lopamudra Sahoo
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Lambucherra 799 210, Tripura, India
| | - U K Chauhan
- School of Environmental Biology, Awadesh Pratap Singh University, Rewa 486 003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Peyush Punia
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Joy K Jena
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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27
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Pradhan PK, Jena JK, Mitra G, Sood N, Gisbert E. Ontogeny of the digestive tract in butter catfish Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch) larvae. Fish Physiol Biochem 2012; 38:1601-1617. [PMID: 22585417 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-012-9655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The ontogeny of the digestive tract was studied histologically in butter catfish Ompok bimaculatus from hatching to 30 days post-hatching (dph). At hatching, the digestive tract of butter catfish consisted of a straight tube with a smooth lumen dorsally attached to the yolk sac. Between 1 and 2 dph, the mouth opened, oral valves were visible and canine-like teeth and taste buds were detected. During this period, intestine was differentiated into the anterior and posterior intestine, and the digestive accessory glands were also developed. Exogenous feeding started at 2 dph, and there was a 2-day mixed endogenous-exogenous feeding period. Most of the yolk sac reserves were consumed between 2 and 3 dph, and by 5 dph, the yolk sac was completely depleted and no longer visible in histological sections. Between 3 and 4 dph, several vacuoles (neutral lipids) were observed in the intestine and also in hepatocytes, indicating a functional absorption of nutrients from food. At 8 dph, differentiation of gastric glands was noticed, and by 9-11 dph, there were abundant gastric tubular glands arranged along numerous longitudinal folds. During the same period, pyloric sphincter appeared as an epithelial fold that separated the stomach from the anterior intestine. From 12 dph to the end of the study at 30 dph, no noticeable histological modifications were observed. The development of gastric glands is considered as the last major events in digestive tract development and their presence designates the end of larval period and the onset of the juvenile period. Hence, it is suggested that, butter catfish larvae have a morphologically complete digestive tract by 12 dph. These findings on the development of the digestive system in butter catfish may lead to a better understanding of the ontogeny and would be useful to improve the larval rearing techniques of this promising catfish species for freshwater aquaculture diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Pradhan
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, India.
| | - J K Jena
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, India
| | - G Mitra
- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar-2, Orissa, India
| | - N Sood
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002, India
| | - E Gisbert
- IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Unitat de Cultius Aqüícoles, Crta. de Poblenou km 5.5, 43450, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain
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28
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Chaudhary DK, Sood N, Swaminathan TR, Rathore G, Pradhan PK, Agarwal NK, Jena JK. Establishment and characterization of an epithelial cell line from thymus of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822). Gene 2012; 512:546-53. [PMID: 23026220 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A cell line, CTE, derived from catla (Catla catla) thymus has been established by explant method and subcultured for more than 70 passages over a period of 400 days. The cell line has been maintained in L-15 (Leibovitz) medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. CTE cell line consists of homogeneous population of epithelial-like cells and grows optimally at 28°C. Karyotype analysis revealed that the modal chromosome number of CTE cells was 50. Partial amplification, sequencing and alignment of fragments of two mitochondrial genes 16S rRNA and COI confirmed that CTE cell line originated from catla. Significant green fluorescent signals were observed when the cell line was transfected with phrGFP II-N mammalian expression vector, indicating its potential utility for transgenic and genetic manipulation studies. The CTE cells showed strong positivity for cytokeratin, indicating that cell line was epithelial in nature. The flow cytometric analysis of cell line revealed a higher number of cells in S-phase at 48 h, suggesting a high growth rate. The extracellular products of Vibrio cholerae MTCC 3904 were toxic to the CTE cells. This cell line was not susceptible to fish betanodavirus, the causative agent of viral nervous necrosis in a large variety of marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra K Chaudhary
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow-226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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29
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Jha A, Kitchener BA, Pradhan PK, Shyangwa P, Nakarmi B. Mental health first aid programme in Nepal. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2012; 10:258-260. [PMID: 23281463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mental Health First Aid is a relatively new concept conceived in Australia about 10 years ago and by 2010 it has spread to 15 other countries including Nepal. It is designed to deal with mental health emergencies as well as to help people with developing mental health problems to get to appropriate help before a crisis occurs. This programme was launched in Kathmandu by SAF-Nepal in November 2010 when the Australian experts ran a workshop for over 22 delegates from various mental health organisations. The MHFA Nepal course is being evaluated and adapted to suit Nepalese context. New conditions including hysteria and epilepsy have been added in the Nepalese version. The programme is expected to raise mental health awareness and reduce stigmatising attitudes amongst the selected members of the general public and health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jha
- Nepalese Doctors' Association (UK), Hertfordshire, UK.
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Verma Y, Pradhan PK, Gurung N, Sapkota SD, Giri P, Sundas P, Bhattarai BN, Nadayil D, Ramnath T, Nandakumar A. Population-based cancer incidence in Sikkim, India: report on ethnic variation. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:962-5. [PMID: 22240780 PMCID: PMC3305974 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A Population-Based Cancer Registry (PBCR) was set up in Sikkim (a state in the North Eastern India) in 2003. We examined incidence rates by ethnic groups from 2003–2008. Methods: Age-adjusted incidence rates (AARs) per 100 000 person-years were calculated by direct method using the world standard population, and analysed by ethnic group (Bhutia, Rai and other). Result: There were a total of 1148 male and 1063 female cases of cancer between 2003 and 2008 on the Sikkim PBCR. The overall AARs were 89.4 and 99.4 per 100 000 person-years in males and females, respectively. Incidence rates were highest amongst the Bhutia group (AAR=172.4 and 147.4 per 100 000 person-years in males and females, respectively), and the largest difference in rates were observed for stomach cancers with AARs being 12.6 and 4.7 times higher in the Bhutia group compared with other ethnic groups in males and females, respectively. Conclusion: These observations call for further epidemiological investigations and the introduction of screening programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Verma
- Population Based Cancer Registry, Sir Thutob Namgyal Memorial Hospital, Gangtok, Sikkim, India.
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Jha A, Ranjan S, Pradhan PK, Jha T. Challenges of setting up psychiatric services in Nepal: Lessons from the first year of Janakpur Project. Asian J Psychiatr 2011; 4:297-9. [PMID: 23051166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In Nepal psychiatric services outside big cities are virtually non-existent. This paper reports the observations and findings of a mental health project jointly run by private and voluntary sector organisations at Janakpur in southeast Nepal. The services included monthly outpatient clinics, day care, home visits and psychiatric training for medical students. At the monthly clinic, altogether 396 patients attended the service in 2009: a high proportion had psychoses (30% schizophrenia and 25% bipolar disorder); most (54%) were young; they came mainly from rural areas. Medical students also benefited from the clinical exposure, but the intake of the day care service was poor. The overall success of the innovative project shows how low-cost basic psychiatric services can be delivered in Nepal by private and voluntary sectors in the absence of state health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jha
- Nepalese Doctors' Association, UK
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Abstract
We report a case of a patient with carcinoma breast who was incidentally diagnosed to be also suffering from Paget's disease of bone on a routine radionuclide bone scan. CT-guided biopsy and histopathology later confirmed the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sundaraiya
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow-226 014, India
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Kalita J, Misra U, Ranjan P, Pradhan PK. Pattern of cerebellar perfusion on single photon emission computed tomography in subcortical hematoma: A clinical and computed tomography correlation. Neurol India 2008; 56:17-21. [DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.39306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kalita J, Misra UK, Ranjan P, Pradhan PK, Das BK. Effect of mannitol on regional cerebral blood flow in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurol Sci 2004; 224:19-22. [PMID: 15450766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2004.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2003] [Revised: 04/29/2004] [Accepted: 05/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes following IV mannitol bolus in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS In a hospital based randomized placebo controlled study, 21 CT proven ICH patients with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of 5 or more were subjected to clinical evaluation including GCS and Canadian Neurological stroke (CNS) scale. Cranial SPECT study was undertaken before and 60 min after 20% mannitol 100 ml IV in 20 min or sham infusion. The SPECT images were semi-quantitatively analyzed and asymmetry index of basal ganglia, frontal, parietal and occipital regions were calculated. RESULTS There were 12 patients in mannitol and nine in control group who were evenly matched for age, mean arterial blood pressure, GCS score and size of hematoma. Only one patient died in mannitol group. Following mannitol, GCS score improved in six, worsened in two and remained unaltered in four patients. In the control group, GCS improved in seven, worsened in none and was unchanged in two patients. SPECT studies revealed reduction in asymmetry index in basal ganglia in four, frontal region in six, parietal in four and occipital region in five patients in mannitol group. In control group, asymmetry index was reduced in basal ganglia in one, frontal and parietal region in three each and occipital region in five patients. These differences between control and study group were not significant. CONCLUSION Mannitol does not seem to significantly change the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in ICH patients as evaluated by SPECT study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kalita
- Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rae Bareily Road, Lucknow 226014, India
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Das BK, Senthilnathan MS, Pradhan PK, Nagabhushan S, Jeloka TK, Sharma RK. Comparison of peritoneal equilibration test with 99mTc-DTPA excretion in the assessment of peritoneal permeability. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2004; 31:710-3. [PMID: 14985866 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-004-1467-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2003] [Accepted: 12/31/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of peritoneal permeability is necessary for successful management of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The objective of this study was to develop an alternative method of assessing the peritoneal permeability and to compare this method with the conventional method, the peritoneal equilibrium test, first described by Twardowski in 1987. Twenty patients undergoing regular CAPD were included in this study. Before starting the peritoneal dialysis, 370 MBq (10 mCi) technetium-99m diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid ((99m)Tc-DTPA) was injected intravenously. A standard dose of the same quantity was kept and used later for calculations. At the end of 4 h, a dialysate fluid sample (1 ml) was collected and the total dialysis effluent fluid volume was measured. Excretion of (99m)Tc-DTPA into the dialysate fluid as a percentage of the injected dose was calculated. Simultaneously, standard peritoneal equilibrium test values were recorded for comparison. Peritoneal excretion of (99m)Tc-DTPA ranged from 8% to 25% of the injected dose, depending on the peritoneal membrane permeability. When the results were compared with the conventional method, a good correlation (r=0.79) was found. This innovative radionuclide technique is a simple and convenient method to assess the peritoneal membrane permeability and can be used as an alternative to the peritoneal equilibrium test, which is very cumbersome and associated with many limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Das
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, 226014 Lucknow, India.
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Arora P, Pradhan PK, Behari S, Banerji D, Das BK, Chhabra DK, Jain VK. Chiari I malformation related syringomyelia: radionuclide cisternography as a predictor of outcome. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2004; 146:119-30. [PMID: 14963744 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-003-0180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This prospective study, conducted in patients with Chiari I malformation (C I) related syringomyelia who underwent posterior decompression and duroplasty, utilizes radionuclide cisternography in order to study the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics at the foramen magnum and to predict the clinical outcome following surgery. METHODS 17 consecutive patients of C I with syringomyelia (but without hydrocephalus or fixed atlanto-axial dislocation), underwent a detailed neurological examination and were assigned a clinical disability score based on the modified Klekamp and Samii score. A radionuclide cisternography (using Tc99m-DTPA) was performed via the lumbar route and the ascent of the tracer was followed utilizing a gamma camera immediately after injection and then sequentially after 1, 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours. After posterior decompression and duroplasty, the modified Klekamp and Samii score was repeated at follow-up visits (range: 3 months to one year) along with radionuclide cisternography at 3 months, and MR imaging at 6 months. FINDINGS Three patterns of tracer flow were observed: a). rapid flow (n=7); b). supratentorial subarachnoid delay (n=7); and, c). foramen magnum block (n=3). The patients having foramen magnum block had the poorest clinical scores on admission. At follow up, there was an improvement in the clinical scores so that the mean scores in all three categories reached nearly the same level. Following posterior decompression, the radionuclide cisternography performed in 10 patients showed a rapid flow of the tracer without any obstruction. The syrinx resolved in 4 of the 11 patients in whom an MRI was done. INTERPRETATION The patients with C I with syringomyelia may often have a free flow of tracer across the FM. Posterior decompression and duroplasty provides maximum clinical relief in patients with a demonstrable foramen magnum block on radionuclide cisternography while those with a normal flow have less relief. The symptomatology related to brain-stem compression immediately responds to the surgical procedure but the syrinx-induced signs and symptoms of spinal cord dysfunction persist.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arora
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Sharma RK, Jeloka T, Gupta A, Sentilnathan MS, Pradhan PK, Das BK. Peritoneal equilibration test using the radiopharmaceutical, diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA). Perit Dial Int 2003; 23:510-1. [PMID: 14604211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
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Bal CS, Raina V, Padhy AK, Pradhan PK, Sarkar C. Pentavalent technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy is useful in diagnosis and localization of neuroblastoma. Postgrad Med J 1992; 68:769. [PMID: 1336195 PMCID: PMC2399450 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.68.803.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Tiwari SK, Gupta GB, Gupta SR, Mishra SN, Pradhan PK. Fatal stroke following scorpion bite. J Assoc Physicians India 1988; 36:225-6. [PMID: 3182668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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41
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Pradhan PK, Dua HK, Kavishwar WK, Agarwal S. Frequency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in individuals with normal and sickle cell haemoglobin--a preliminary study. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 1985; 28:61-5. [PMID: 3833721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Pradhan PK, Tiwari SK, Dabke AT, Agarwal S. Pattern of leukaemia in Raipur (Madhya Pradesh)--an analysis of 162 cases. Indian J Cancer 1982; 19:20-3. [PMID: 7106827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Pradhan PK, Sen K, Agarwal S, Kavishwar KW. ABO gene distribution in south-east region of Madhya Pradesh. J Indian Med Assoc 1981; 77:174-175. [PMID: 7343620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Tiwary VK, Pradhan PK, Agarwal S. Haemoglobin-S in scheduled castes and scheduled tribes of Raipur (Madhya Pradesh) - a preliminary report. Indian J Med Res 1980; 71:397-401. [PMID: 7390576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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45
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Ghatge SG, Pradhan PK, Agarwal S. Haemoglobin-S in Kurmi community of Madhya Pradesh--a preliminary report. Indian J Med Res 1977; 66:260-4. [PMID: 924597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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46
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Prasad M, Pradhan PK, Bisarya BN. Pedunculated fibroma of nipple. J Indian Med Assoc 1973; 61:517. [PMID: 4791942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Pradhan PK, Gupta JC, Chouhan SS, Manghanani ND. Isolation of inaba V. cholerae (classical type) in Rewa (Madhya Pradesh). J Indian Med Assoc 1973; 60:48-9. [PMID: 4712579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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49
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Prasad M, Pradhan PK. Peyronie's disease--report of four cases. Indian J Pathol Bacteriol 1971; 14:180-3. [PMID: 5155045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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