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Srivastava PK, Singh A, Kumari S, Arora S, Choubey AK, Sinha ASK. Production and characterization of sustainable vermimanure derived from poultry litter and rice straw using tiger worm Eisenia fetida. Bioresour Technol 2023; 369:128377. [PMID: 36423761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Poultry litter (PL) and rice straw (RS), commonly available waste materials, pose severe threat to environment, if not properly managed. As viable waste treatment method, vermi-transformation of PL into enriched vermimanure was done using RS and cow dung (CD) with different feedstocks (FS) combinations like FS0(CD without earthworm), FS1(CD), FS2(1CD: 1RS), FS3(1CD: 1PL) and FS4(1CD: 1RS: 1PL) for 110 days. Increased growth performance (P < 0.05) of Eisenia fetida, macronutrient levels, and a consistently lower carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) emphasize the importance of RS and PL in the vermimanuring process. Several analytical techniques have revealed the presence of functional groups, nitrate (NO3-), phosphate (PO43-), and potassium ions (K+) as well as the high porosity of the matured vermimanures. Therefore, using earthworms, the feedstock FS4(1CD: 1RS: 1PL) could be successfully biotransformed into sustainable manure lowering the usage of chemical fertilizers and rice straw burning.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Srivastava
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Jais, Amethi 229304, India.
| | - A Singh
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Jais, Amethi 229304, India
| | - S Kumari
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Jais, Amethi 229304, India
| | - S Arora
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - A K Choubey
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Jais, Amethi 229304, India
| | - A S K Sinha
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Jais, Amethi 229304, India
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Sanyasi AK, Srivastava PK, Adhikari A, Awasthi LM, Leuva P, Santra P, Doshi B, Gupta MK, Sugandhi R. Large area multi-filamentary plasma source for large volume plasma device-upgrade. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:103546. [PMID: 36319362 DOI: 10.1063/5.0095793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper discusses the salient features and plasma performance of the newly installed Large Area Multi-Filamentary Plasma Source (LAMPS) in large volume plasma device-upgrade. The plasma source is designed to exhibit a plasma electron density of ∼1018 m-3, low electron temperature (∼eV), and a uniform plasma cross section of 2.54 m2. The directly heated LAMPS emits accelerated primary energetic electrons when it is biased with a negative discharge voltage with respect to the anode. The hairpin shaped tungsten (W) filaments, each of diameter 0.5 mm and length 180 mm, are heated to a temperature of 2700 K by feeding ∼19.5A to each filament. The LAMPS consists of 162 numbers of filaments, and it has been successfully operated with a total investment of 50 kW of electrical power. The LAMPS as a laboratory plasma source is characterized by large operational life, ease of handling, better compatibility to high pressure conditions, and advantages over other contemporary plasma sources, viz., oxide coated cathodes, RF based sources, and helicon sources, when producing plasma over large cross sections and fill volumes. Pulsed argon plasma is produced with quiescence (δnene≪1%) using LAMPS for the duration of 50 ms and a reasonably good radial uniformity (Ln = 210 cm) is achieved. Good axial uniformity is also observed over the entire length of the device. Initial measurements on plasma parameters have yielded plasma density of ∼2×1017m-3 with existing set of filaments. A plasma density of ∼1018 m-3 is envisaged for larger thickness of filaments, such as 0.75 and 1.0 mm, with the existing plasma source assembly setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Sanyasi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - P K Srivastava
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - Ayan Adhikari
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - L M Awasthi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - P Leuva
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - P Santra
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - B Doshi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - M K Gupta
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India
| | - R Sugandhi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India
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Robinson EL, Baker AH, Brittan M, McCracken I, Condorelli G, Emanueli C, Srivastava PK, Gaetano C, Thum T, Vanhaverbeke M, Angione C, Heymans S, Devaux Y, Pedrazzini T, Martelli F. Dissecting the transcriptome in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:1004-1019. [PMID: 33757121 PMCID: PMC8930073 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human transcriptome comprises a complex network of coding and non-coding RNAs implicated in a myriad of biological functions. Non-coding RNAs exhibit highly organized spatial and temporal expression patterns and are emerging as critical regulators of differentiation, homeostasis, and pathological states, including in the cardiovascular system. This review defines the current knowledge gaps, unmet methodological needs, and describes the challenges in dissecting and understanding the role and regulation of the non-coding transcriptome in cardiovascular disease. These challenges include poor annotation of the non-coding genome, determination of the cellular distribution of transcripts, assessment of the role of RNA processing and identification of cell-type specific changes in cardiovascular physiology and disease. We highlight similarities and differences in the hurdles associated with the analysis of the non-coding and protein-coding transcriptomes. In addition, we discuss how the lack of consensus and absence of standardized methods affect reproducibility of data. These shortcomings should be defeated in order to make significant scientific progress and foster the development of clinically applicable non-coding RNA-based therapeutic strategies to lessen the burden of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Robinson
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- The Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mairi Brittan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ian McCracken
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - G Condorelli
- Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Via Manzoni 113, Rozzano, MI 20089, Italy
| | - C Emanueli
- Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - P K Srivastava
- Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - C Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Via Maugeri 4, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - T Thum
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - M Vanhaverbeke
- UZ Gasthuisberg Campus, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - C Angione
- Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BX, UK
| | - S Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Y Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - T Pedrazzini
- Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS-Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Edmondo Malan, 2, 20097 San Donato, Milan, Italy
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Dhar S, Parikh D, Srivastava PK. In memory of Prof. Ashok Kumar Bajaj (December 24, 1945–January 22, 2021). Indian J Paediatr Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/ijpd.ijpd_68_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kumar S, Srivastava PK. Syntheses, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of a Series of 2-Phenylamino-5-(2-Chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3329/dujps.v18i1.41894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical synthesis of 2-phenylamino-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles have been carried out in good yields at platinum electrode through the electrochemical oxidation of acyl thiosemicarbazide at room temperature in acetic acid. Two platinum electrodes in the form of square plates were used as working as well as counter electrode and saturated calomel electrode was used as reference electrode. The structure of the compounds was confirmed by IR, NMR, mass spectral and elemental analyses. The antibacterial activity of the derivatives was also assessed and compared with data against a series of Gram-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Gramnegative bacteria Streptococcus aureus and Bascillus subtilis. The antifungal activity was assessed against the fungal strain Aspergillus niger, Crysosporium pannical, Pellicularia solmanicolor and Candida albicans and compared against the standard antifungal drug Griesvofulvin.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(1): 75-83, 2019 (June)
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Sanyasi AK, Sugandhi R, Srivastava PK, Srivastav P, Awasthi LM. Electro-mechanical probe positioning system for large volume plasma device. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:055113. [PMID: 29864852 DOI: 10.1063/1.5016229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An automated electro-mechanical system for the positioning of plasma diagnostics has been designed and implemented in a Large Volume Plasma Device (LVPD). The system consists of 12 electro-mechanical assemblies, which are orchestrated using the Modbus communication protocol on 4-wire RS485 communications to meet the experimental requirements. Each assembly has a lead screw-based mechanical structure, Wilson feed-through-based vacuum interface, bipolar stepper motor, micro-controller-based stepper drive, and optical encoder for online positioning correction of probes. The novelty of the system lies in the orchestration of multiple drives on a single interface, fabrication and installation of the system for a large experimental device like the LVPD, in-house developed software, and adopted architectural practices. The paper discusses the design, description of hardware and software interfaces, and performance results in LVPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Sanyasi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - R Sugandhi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | - P K Srivastava
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
| | | | - L M Awasthi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
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Gejje S, Singh AK, Srivastava PK, Goel M, Kumar V, Hongal A. Evaluation of Use of Adipose Cells in Various Procedures of Plastic Surgery and its Volumetric Quantification using High Resolution Ultrasound. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:PC17-PC21. [PMID: 28969194 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25116.10497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autologous fat transfer is based on one of the principles of plastic surgery, replace like with like. It is used in wide variety of aesthetic procedures such as lip, facial augmentation and reconstructive procedures such as involutional disorders, post traumatic defects etc. AIM This prospective study was on the use of adipose cells in various procedures of plastic surgery, the role of high resolution ultrasound in estimating the volume of the grafted fat, comparison of the results based on the different donor sites of the harvested fat and comparison of the effectiveness of grafted fat in extremities and craniofacial region. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study a total of 34 patients underwent fat grafting procedure at various sites of the body from May 2012 till November 2013. After noting the details of the patient, details of the defect, laboratory and radiological investigations, the consent for the fat grafting procedure was taken. Clinical photographs and High Resolution Ultrasound (HRUS) volume estimation was done on a regular basis as per the protocol. RESULTS Out of 34 patients, 29 patients underwent free fat grafting and five patients underwent derma fat grafting. HRUS at six months revealed a mean 73.5% and 63.5% of the injected fat remained in contour deformity in extremities and craniofacial region respectively. HRUS at one year revealed a mean 57.4% and 41.4% of the injected fat remained in contour deformity in extremities and craniofacial region respectively. CONCLUSION HRUS is an excellent handy modality for serial volume estimation, cost-effective, non-invasive, multi planar modality, does not require any preparation, and easily done outdoor procedure. Follow up is a practical proposition. Autologous fat grafting is a safe procedure with no significant complications other than fat reabsorption and it can be done under local anaesthesia in contour deformity of smaller areas. Disadvantage of autologous fat grafting is the fat reabsorption needing multiple sittings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somashekar Gejje
- Consultant, Department of Plastic Surgery, The Bangalore Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun K Singh
- Professor and Head, Department of Plastic Surgery, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P K Srivastava
- Professor, Department of Radiotherapy, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhumati Goel
- Professor, Department of Pathology, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, KGMU, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Amrita Hongal
- Consultant, Department of Dermatology, The Bangalore Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Srivastava PK, Singh SK, Sanyasi AK, Awasthi LM, Mattoo SK. A 5 kA pulsed power supply for inductive and plasma loads in large volume plasma device. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:073501. [PMID: 27475553 DOI: 10.1063/1.4954981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes 5 kA, 12 ms pulsed power supply for inductive load of Electron Energy Filter (EEF) in large volume plasma device. The power supply is based upon the principle of rapid sourcing of energy from the capacitor bank (2.8 F/200 V) by using a static switch, comprising of ten Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs). A suitable mechanism is developed to ensure equal sharing of current and uniform power distribution during the operation of these IGBTs. Safe commutation of power to the EEF is ensured by the proper optimization of its components and by the introduction of over voltage protection (>6 kV) using an indigenously designed snubber circuit. Various time sequences relevant to different actions of power supply, viz., pulse width control and repetition rate, are realized through optically isolated computer controlled interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S K Singh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India
| | - A K Sanyasi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India
| | - L M Awasthi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India
| | - S K Mattoo
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India
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Jhala M, Srivastava PK, Patil S. Assessment of thyroid function among the young asymptomatic male members of the Indian armed forces. J Mar Med Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0975-3605.202978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Feuerborn A, Mathow D, Srivastava PK, Gretz N, Gröne HJ. Basonuclin-1 modulates epithelial plasticity and TGF-β1-induced loss of epithelial cell integrity. Oncogene 2014; 34:1185-95. [PMID: 24662832 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a multifunctional cytokine and critically involved in the progression of a variety of cancers. TGF-β1 signaling can impair tumor development by its anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic features. In contrast, it may actively promote tumor progression and cancer cell dissemination by inducing a gradual switch from epithelial towards mesenchymal-like cell features (EMT-like), including decreased intercellular adhesion. Here, we show that expression of the transcription factor Basonuclin-1 (Bnc1) modulates TGF-β1-induced epithelial dedifferentiation of mammary epithelial cells. RNAi-mediated repression of Bnc1 resulted in enhanced intercellular adhesion and strongly impaired TGF-β1-dependent sheet disintegration and cell scattering. In contrast, forced expression of Bnc1 modifies plasma membrane/cytoskeletal dynamics and seemingly interferes with the initiation of sustainable cell-cell contacts. Follow-up analyses revealed that Bnc1 affects the expression of numerous TGF-β1-responsive genes including distinct EMT-related transcription factors, some of which modulate the expression of Bnc1 themselves. These results suggest that Bnc1 is part of a transcription factor network related to epithelial plasticity with reciprocal feedback-loop connections on which Smad-factors integrate TGF-β1 signaling. Our study demonstrates that Bnc1 regulates epithelial plasticity of mammary epithelial cells and influences outcome of TGF-β1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Feuerborn
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Mathow
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P K Srivastava
- Physiological Genomics and Medicine, MRC Clinical Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - N Gretz
- Department of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Centre (ZMF), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - H-J Gröne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Singh SK, Srivastava PK, Awasthi LM, Mattoo SK, Sanyasi AK, Singh R, Kaw PK. Performance of large electron energy filter in large volume plasma device. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:033507. [PMID: 24689585 DOI: 10.1063/1.4868514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes an in-house designed large Electron Energy Filter (EEF) utilized in the Large Volume Plasma Device (LVPD) [S. K. Mattoo, V. P. Anita, L. M. Awasthi, and G. Ravi, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 3864 (2001)] to secure objectives of (a) removing the presence of remnant primary ionizing energetic electrons and the non-thermal electrons, (b) introducing a radial gradient in plasma electron temperature without greatly affecting the radial profile of plasma density, and (c) providing a control on the scale length of gradient in electron temperature. A set of 19 independent coils of EEF make a variable aspect ratio, rectangular solenoid producing a magnetic field (B(x)) of 100 G along its axis and transverse to the ambient axial field (B(z) ~ 6.2 G) of LVPD, when all its coils are used. Outside the EEF, magnetic field reduces rapidly to 1 G at a distance of 20 cm from the center of the solenoid on either side of target and source plasma. The EEF divides LVPD plasma into three distinct regions of source, EEF and target plasma. We report that the target plasma (n(e) ~ 2 × 10(11) cm(-3) and T(e) ~ 2 eV) has no detectable energetic electrons and the radial gradients in its electron temperature can be established with scale length between 50 and 600 cm by controlling EEF magnetic field. Our observations reveal that the role of the EEF magnetic field is manifested by the energy dependence of transverse electron transport and enhanced transport caused by the plasma turbulence in the EEF plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, Gujarat, India
| | - P K Srivastava
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, Gujarat, India
| | - L M Awasthi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, Gujarat, India
| | - S K Mattoo
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, Gujarat, India
| | - A K Sanyasi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, Gujarat, India
| | - R Singh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, Gujarat, India
| | - P K Kaw
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, Gujarat, India
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Kori P, Sahu R, Srivastava PK, Jaiswal A, Shukla R. Teaching neuroimages: neurocysticercosis with subretinal cyst. Neurology 2013; 81:e135-6. [PMID: 24166968 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182a9f422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A 30-year-old woman presented with headache and diminution of vision of 2 weeks' duration. Visual acuity was finger counting at 1 meter in the right eye. Fundus examination showed a subretinal cyst (figure 1A). Neurologic examination was normal. Neuroimaging revealed neurocysticercosis (figure 2A). Ultrasound orbit showed subretinal cysticercosis (figure 2B). The patient was started on steroids and laser photocoagulation was recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Kori
- From the Departments of Neurology (P.K., R. Sahu., A.J., R. Shukla) and Radiology (P.K.S.), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Tripathi S, Patel HM, Srivastava PK, Bafna AM. Assessment of water quality index of bore well water samples from some selected locations of South Gujarat, India. J Environ Sci Eng 2013; 55:456-465. [PMID: 25906591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study calculates the water quality index (WQI) of some selected sites from South Gujarat (India) and assesses the impact of industries, agriculture and human activities. Chemical parameters were monitored for the calculation of WQI of some selected bore well samples. The results revealed that the WQI of the some bore well samples exceeded acceptable levels due to the dumping of wastes from municipal, industrial and domestic sources and agricultural runoff as well. Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) was implemented for interpolation of each water quality parameter (pH, EC, alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, nitrate and sulphate) for the entire sampled area. The bore water is unsuitable for drinking and if the present state of affairs continues for long, it may soon become an ecologically dead bore.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tripathi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, N.M. College of Agriculture Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari-396 450, Gujarat, India
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Singh VP, Srivastava PK, Prasad SM. UV-B induced differential effect on growth and nitrogen metabolism in two cyanobacteria under copper toxicity. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2012; 58:85-95. [PMID: 23273196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, impact of low (UV-B(L): 0.1 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) and high (UV-BH: 1.0 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) fluence rates of ultraviolet-B on growth and nitrogen metabolism in two cyanobacteria: Phormidium foveolarum and Nostoc muscorum under copper toxicity (2 and 5 μM) was investigated after 24 and 72 h of experiments. Copper and UV-BH treatment suppressed growth but more in N. muscorum which was accompanied by significant accumulation of Cu. Nitrate and nitrite uptake rates and activities of nitrogen assimilating enzymes i.e. nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) except glutamate dehydrogenase activity (GDH; aminating) were decreased following treatments of Cu and UV-BH, and under combined treatments the effect was greater. On contrary, UV-BL declined Cu toxicity significantly. The study concludes that Cu and UV-BH suppressed the activity of NR, NiR, GS and GOGAT (except GDH) hence decreased growth. However, UV-BL showed cross tolerance in test organisms against Cu toxicity up to certain extent. Phormidium foveolarum is comparatively less sensitive against UV-BH and excess Cu, a situation likely exists in nature, hence it may be used as a biofertilizer for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
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Chakrabarti R, Srivastava PK. Effect of dietary supplementation with Achyranthes aspera seed on larval rohu Labeo rohita challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. J Aquat Anim Health 2012; 24:213-218. [PMID: 23025591 DOI: 10.1080/08997659.2012.694834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Larval rohu Labeo rohita were fed four different diets: three of the diets contained Achyranthes aspera (prickly chaff-flower) seeds at 0.10% (D1), 0.25% (D2), or 0.50% (D3); the fourth diet was a control diet (D4; no A. aspera supplementation). After 70 d, the rohu were injected intraperitoneally with live Aeromonas hydrophila. Mortality of fish was recorded for 7 d. In the D4 group, the first mortality was observed within 12 h of exposure, whereas in the D1-D3 treatment groups, mortality was first observed at 24 h postexposure. In the D4 group, 50% of fish died within 72 h of exposure, whereas in the D3 group, 10-15% mortality occurred between 72 and 84 h. The cumulative mortality rate was 50% for D4, 40% for D1, 35% for D2, and 15% for D3. Total tissue protein level in the larvae was higher for the D2 and D3 groups than for the other groups. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels were significantly lower in D3 larvae than in the other groups, whereas lysozyme and nitric oxide synthase levels were significantly higher in D3 larvae compared with the other groups. Dietary supplementation with A. aspera seeds at the 0.50% level provided protection against oxidative stress, prevented tissue damage, and enhanced disease resistance in rohu larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chakrabarti
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
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Vaishnav KG, Desai HS, Srivastava PK, Joshi PT, Kurian G, Thakor HG, Dhariwal AC. Impact of mass drug administration on elimination of lymphatic filariasis in Surat city, India. J Commun Dis 2012; 44:251-259. [PMID: 25145075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is one of the major public health problems in some of the endemic districts in India including Surat city of Gujarat province. Historical data reveals that in 1960s, Surat city had infection rate of about 23% and infectivity rate of 1.6%. Since then, Surat city has been reporting the cases of Lymphoedema and hydrocele. Filaria Control Unit was established under National Filaria Control Programme to detect and provide treatment to the cases. Based on the reports of NFCP, Surat City has been considered as LF endemic. During 2004, the country launched campaign of Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis through Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with annual single dose of 6 mg/kg body weight of DEC tablets in all LF endemic districts including Surat city. Four rounds of MDA (2004-2007) had shown 41% reduction in mf rate, with drastic reduction in infection rate of 88% and 100% in infectivity rate. Serious adverse effect (SAE) after 4th round of MDA was insignificant (< 0.5%) during 2007. An assessment by surveying 5058 people in different parts of Surat city revealed the drug distribution coverage of more than 95% but actual drug compliance between 70-90%. Analysis of the data revealed that though the overall Microfilaria rate has been reduced due to MDA, higher Microfilaria rate was noticed in North zone of city where the migrant populations influx is higher. The observation and analysis of the data in Surat city towards elimination of Lymphatic filariasis has been discussed in this paper.
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Srivastava PK, Singh SK, Awasthi LM, Mattoo SK. Revisiting plasma hysteresis with an electronically compensated Langmuir probe. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:093504. [PMID: 23020373 DOI: 10.1063/1.4751858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of electron temperature in plasma by Langmuir probes, using ramped bias voltage, is seriously affected by the capacitive current of capacitance of the cable between the probe tip and data acquisition system. In earlier works a dummy cable was used to balance the capacitive currents. Under these conditions, the measured capacitive current was kept less than a few mA. Such probes are suitable for measurements in plasma where measured ion saturation current is of the order of hundreds of mA. This paper reports that controlled balancing of capacitive current can be minimized to less than 20 μA, allowing plasma measurements to be done with ion saturation current of the order of hundreds of μA. The electron temperature measurement made by using probe compensation technique becomes independent of sweep frequency. A correction of ≤45% is observed in measured electron temperature values when compared with uncompensated probe. This also enhances accuracy in the measurement of fluctuation in electron temperature as δT(pk-pk) changes by ~30%. The developed technique with swept rate ≤100 kHz is found accurate enough to measure both the electron temperature and its fluctuating counterpart. This shows its usefulness in measuring accurately the temperature fluctuations because of electron temperature gradient in large volume plasma device plasma with frequency ordering ≤50 kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Srivastava
- Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar 382 428, India
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Gupta VK, Verma S, Gupta S, Singh A, Pal A, Srivastava SK, Srivastava PK, Singh SC, Darokar MP. Membrane-damaging potential of natural L-(-)-usnic acid in Staphylococcus aureus. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 31:3375-83. [PMID: 22865029 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-012-1706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to try to understand the antibacterial mechanism of L-(-)-usnic acid isolated for the first time from fruticose lichen Usnea subfloridana using clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L-(-)-usnic acid against the clinical isolates of MRSA and reference strain S. aureus MTCC-96 (SA-96) was in the range 25-50 μg/ml. Treatment of both reference and clinical strains (MRSA-ST 2071) with four-fold MIC concentrations (100-200 μg/ml) of L-(-)-usnic acid reduced the viability of cells without damaging the cell wall. However, the loss of 260 nm absorbing material and increase in propidium iodide uptake was observed in both of the strains. Similarly, a combined effect of L-(-)-usnic acid (25-50 μg/ml) and 7.5 % NaCl resulted in a reduced number of viable cells within 24 h in comparison to the control. These observations clearly indicate that L-(-)-usnic acid exerts its action by disruption of the bacterial membrane. Further, in vivo efficacy showed that L-(-)-usnic acid significantly (p < 0.001) lowered the microbial load of spleen at doses ranging from 1 to 5 mg/kg. Further, toxicity studies in infected mice at doses 20 times higher than the efficacious dose indicated L-(-)usnic acid to be safe. Paradoxically, L-(-)usnic acid exhibited changes in serum triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) and liver organ weight in the healthy mice administered with only 25 mg/kg body weight. The results obtained in this study showed that natural L-(-)-usnic acid exerts its antibacterial activity against MRSA by disruption of the cell membrane. Further, the natural L-(-)-usnic acid was found to be safe up to 100 mg/kg body weight, thereby, making it a probable candidate for treating S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Gupta
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226 015, India
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Srivastava PK, Gangopadhyay AN, Gupta DK, Sharma SP, Kumar V. Unusual content of omphalocele: a congenital mature cystic teratoma of falciform ligament of the liver. Pediatr Surg Int 2011; 27:1355-6. [PMID: 21499881 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-011-2898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Omphalocele is a congenital midline abdominal wall defect that results in herniation of intraabdominal contents covered by a lining of peritoneum and amnion. The severity of the defect often ranges from a minor herniation of the umbilical cord to a significant protrusion that includes large proportions of intestine and liver. We report unusual content of omphalocele that is congenital mature cystic teratoma of falciform ligament of liver which was confirmed by histopathology. This is a very uncommon entity and not described in world literature.
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Abstract
Background: Warts are caused by various strains of Human Papilloma Virus. They involve the epithelium of the skin and mucus membrane. Various treatment options are available, but extensive and recalcitrant warts not only cause distress to the patient cosmetically and psychologically but also pose a therapeutic challenge to the treating dermatologist. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of autowart injection as a treatment option for extensive and recalcitrant warts. Materials and Methods: Autowart injection was prepared by removing 3 to 4 mm size wart with radiocautery which was crushed under aseptic condition and injected in the gluteal region by suspending in water for injection. Result: Results were evaluated in 53 available patients who turned up for follow-up; 35 patients (66.03%) had complete resolution in 2 months time, 12 patients (22.64%) showed partial improvement, whereas six patients (11.32%) had no improvement. Conclusion: Autowart injection is suggested as an effective and noninvasive therapeutic option in extensive and recalcitrant warts where most of the available therapies are inconvenient for both patient and treating dermatologist.
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Durrani AM, Srivastava PK, Verma S. Development and quality evaluation of honey based carrot candy. J Food Sci Technol 2011; 48:502-5. [PMID: 23572779 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Candy was prepared with 3 different combinations of honey and carrot by using 750 g honey + 1,000 g carrot (T1), 1,000 g honey + 1,000 g carrot (T2) and 1,250 g honey + 1,000 g carrot (T3). To establish the best product, sensory evaluation was done on 9-point Hedonic scale. T1 was found to be most preferred candy. Further the T1 candy was assessed for overall quality during storage at room temperature (25-30 °C) for 6 months. Candy can be preserved safely for 6 months in both glass and LDPE packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisa Musarath Durrani
- Department of Home Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002 India
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Feuerborn A, Srivastava PK, Küffer S, Grandy WA, Sijmonsma TP, Gretz N, Brors B, Gröne HJ. The Forkhead factor FoxQ1 influences epithelial differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:710-9. [PMID: 20717954 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Forkhead family of transcription factors comprises numerous members and is implicated in various cellular functions, including cell growth, apoptosis, migration, and differentiation. In this study, we identified the Forkhead factor FoxQ1 as increased in expression during TGF-β1 induced changes in epithelial differentiation, suggesting functional roles of FoxQ1 for epithelial plasticity. The repression of FoxQ1 in mammary epithelial cells led to a change in cell morphology characterized by an increase in cell size, pronounced cell-cell contacts, and an increased expression of several junction proteins (e.g., E-cadherin). In addition, FoxQ1 knock-down cells revealed rearrangements in the actin-cytoskeleton and slowed down cell cycle G1-phase progression. Furthermore, repression of FoxQ1 enhanced the migratory capacity of coherent mammary epithelial cells. Gene expression profiling of NM18 cells indicated that FoxQ1 is a relevant downstream mediator of TGF-β1-induced gene expression changes. This included the differential expression of transcription factors involved in epithelial plasticity, for example, Ets-1, Zeb1, and Zeb2. In summary, this study has elucidated the functional impact of FoxQ1 on epithelial differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Feuerborn
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Srivastava PK, Dhariwal AC. Progress towards morbidity management under elimination of lymphotic filariasis programme in India. J Indian Med Assoc 2010; 108:854, 856, 860 passim. [PMID: 21661465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P K Srivastava
- Directorate of National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi
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Mani I, Kumar R, Singh M, Nagpure NS, Kushwaha B, Srivastava PK, Rao DSK, Lakra WS. Nucleotide variation and physical mapping of ribosomal genes using FISH in genus Tor (Pisces, Cyprinidae). Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:2637-47. [PMID: 21104144 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Molecular cytogenetic studies were carried out for localization of 18S and 5S ribosomal DNAs on chromosomes of three cyprinid fish species viz., T. khudree, T. mussullah and T. mosal mahanadicus using two color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). All the species typically possessed 100 diploid chromosomes with minor variation in karyo-morphology. The 18S rDNA signals were observed on two pair of chromosomes in T. khudree and T. mussullah, and three pairs in T. mosal mahanadicus. The location of 18S signals also showed affinity to silver nitrate and chromomycin A3 staining. Similarly, variation in localization of 5S rDNA among the three species has been detected with the presence of FISH signals on one pair of chromosome in T. khudree and T. mussullah, and on two pairs in T. mosal mahanadicus. These molecular markers could be used as species specific markers for taxonomic identification and can further add in understanding the dynamics of genome organization and karyotypic evolution of these species. The 18S rDNA region was sequenced that generated 1811, 1810 and 1776 bp long 18S sequence in T. khudree, T. mussullah and T. mosal mahanadicus, respectively. The 18S rDNA sequence showed 95-98% identity among the subject species. Similarly, 5S sequencing generated 203 bp long fragments in these species with 100% identity in coding and 9.63% variability in non-transcribed spacer regions. The nucleotide sequence variations could be used for understanding the genetic diversity and will add new informative characters in comparative genomics. These results, in general, would enhance the value and interpretation of ecological assessment data for conservation of Tor species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indra Mani
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226 002, U.P., India
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Dev R, Srivastava PK, Iyer JP, Dastidar SG, Ray A. Therapeutic potential of matrix metalloprotease inhibitors in neuropathic pain. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2010; 19:455-68. [PMID: 20218929 DOI: 10.1517/13543781003643486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Millions of people suffer from neuropathic pain (NP), but the treatment is empirical and results in transient relief in only a few patients. This is primarily because of the poor understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying NP. Following nerve injury, there is a differential and temporal pattern of MMPs expression that coincides with changes in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that MMPs not only act as mediators for neuroinflammation but might also be directly involved in pain associated with nerve damage. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW The present review describes the different mechanisms of NP. The main focus of the review is to highlight the importance of MMPs in NP and their inhibition as a novel approach for treating NP. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN A comprehensive overview of the role of MMPs in the pathogenesis of NP and the potential of MMP inhibition as a therapeutic intervention for NP. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Targeted therapy using specific MMP inhibitors, siRNAs, peptide inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies can provide a better way of treatment by blocking a single MMP and can reduce the side effects of broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Dev
- Department of Pharmacology, New Drug Discovery Research, Ranbaxy Research Laboratories, Plot No. 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, 122015, Haryana, India
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Ahmad S, Rizawi JA, Srivastava PK. Effect of soy protein isolate incorporation on quality characteristics and shelf-life of buffalo meat emulsion sausage. J Food Sci Technol 2010; 47:290-4. [PMID: 23572639 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of soy protein isolate (SPI) at 0, 15, and 25% levels in buffalo meat was investigated for production, quality and shelf life evaluation of emulsion sausage (ES). Quality of ES was evaluated by pH, moisture content, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) number, total plate count (TPC), and Yeast and mold count, sensory, characteristics and instrumental colour and texture measurements. It was found that pH and moisture content were slightly affected, TBA number remained unaffected. TPC of ES fresh sample was found in the range 3.7-4.3 log cfu/g. ES was acceptable to the panelists and incorporation of SPI did not affect the acceptability. SPI incorporation increased Hunter L and b values but decreased a value and instrumental hardness. During storage (0°C), L, a, b values fl uctuated irregularly. It was concluded that incorporation of SPI slightly improved texture, juiciness and colour of emulsion sausage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ahmad
- Department of Post-harvest Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002 India
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Hadi R, Kumar S, Srivastava M, Pant MC, Srivastava PK, Jamal N. Quantitative tumor volume VS TNM staging: the impact on prognosis in head and neck cancer. Gulf J Oncolog 2010:28-34. [PMID: 20601336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prognostic value of tumor volume (TV) by clinical method (CM) and Computerized Tomography (CT) scan in head and neck (H and N) cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total 25 patients' (pts) pretreatment tumor volume (PT TV) was assessed clinically by cuboid volume method. Afterwards contrast enhanced computerized tomography (CECT) images of the pts were transferred to workstation by DICOM software. The computerized tomography tumor volume (CT TV) was obtained on Radworks 6.0, using mouse control cursor. After assessment, the patients were given 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy by conventional method on Co-60 Theratron 780 C. After 1 month of treatment, TV was again measured. STATISTICAL METHOD Statistical analysis was done on MSTAT statistical analysis software. Two-tailed student t test, chi square test and test for two proportions for significance had been used. RESULTS Large variations in tumor volume were found both in intra as well as inter T-stages. As the tumor size increases with T stages, the difference in measurement of TV by both methods decreases. CT TV results pre as well as post-treatment were more consistent than clinical method. CONCLUSION The use of TV as a prognostic factor by CT scan seems to be more useful parameter than the CM. TV should be included in the TNM (tumor, node, and metastasis) classification after setting the strict guidelines for tumor delineation, to solve the discrepancy of treatment outcome in the same clinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hadi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, JIPMER, Pudducherry, India
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Mani I, Kumar R, Singh M, Kushwaha B, Nagpure NS, Srivastava PK, Murmu K, Rao DSK, Lakra WS. Karyotypic diversity and evolution of seven mahseer species (Cyprinidae) from India. J Fish Biol 2009; 75:1079-1091. [PMID: 20738599 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02379.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Mahseer is a group of fish species that are well known as food and game fishes. The taxonomy of the mahseer species is confusing owing to the morphological variations and habitat adaptation. Detailed karyomorphological investigations have been carried out in seven species of mahseer, using karyotyping, Ag-NOR and fluorescent staining techniques. The basic diploid chromosome number (2n), in all mahseer species, was observed to be 100; however, the karyotype formula varied among the species, which were recorded as: 20m + 14sm + 22st + 44t (fundamental arm number, FN = 134) in Tor khudree; 22m + 24sm + 24st + 30t (FN = 146) in Tor mussullah; 12m + 22sm + 14st + 52t (FN = 134) in Tor putitora; 20m + 24sm + 24st + 32t (FN = 144) in Tor tor; 20m + 30sm + 24st + 26t (FN = 150) in Tor chelynoides; 20m + 20sm + 20st + 40t (FN = 140) in Tor progeneius; and 20m + 18sm + 14st + 48t (FN = 138) in Neolissochilus hexagonolepis. Silver staining of the chromosomes revealed the presence of multiple nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) in these mahseer species. The highest number of NORs was observed in T. tor (four pairs of chromosomes), whereas the other six species possessed Ag-NOR signals on only two pairs of chromosomes. Although chromomycin A(3) (CMA(3)) staining induced bright fluorescence signals on same Ag-NORs sites, with CMA(3), one additional signal was observed on the p arm of subtelocentric chromosomes in T. tor, T. chelynoides, T. progeneius and N. hexagonolepis, which may indicate the presence of inactive NOR in these species. The information on cytogenetic profile of these mahseer species is discussed in the light of cytotaxonomic implications and understanding the karyoevolution of these fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mani
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow-226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Srivastava PK, Dhillon GPS. Elimination of lymphatic filariasis in India--a successful endeavour. J Indian Med Assoc 2008; 106:673-677. [PMID: 19552103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
World Health Assembly resolution in 1997 for elimination of lymphatic filariasis (ELF) by 2020 made all the filaria endemic countries in the world to put efforts for its elimination by progressively reducing and ultimately interrupting the transmission of lymphatic filariasis. National Health Policy, 2002 has set the goal for elimination of lymphatic filariasis (ELF) in India by the year 2015. In pursuit to achieve this goal, the strategy of mass drug administration (MDA) with annual single dose of diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) tablets was introduced in 2004 in all the filaria endemic states of the country and 202 districts were covered. Intensive information education and communication (IEC) and awareness campaign were organised and more districts were included for MDA in subsequent years after 2004.Presently 250 districts are covered under MDA. The coverage of population during MDA against eligible population in the country has been reported 73.19% in 2004, 71.54% in 2005, 60.92% in 2006 and 81.41% in 2007. The microfilaria (mf) rate estimated in sentinel and random sites of each filaria endemic district revealed that in 2007, 177 districts are with less than 1% mf rate and 73 districts are with more than 1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Srivastava
- National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Delhi
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Prakash J, Kumar H, Sinha DK, Kedalaya PG, Pandey LK, Srivastava PK, Raja R. Acute renal failure in pregnancy in a developing country: twenty years of experience. Ren Fail 2006; 28:309-13. [PMID: 16771246 DOI: 10.1080/08860220600583658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Acute renal failure (ARF) has become a rare complication of pregnancy in developed countries. The aim of this study was to describe changing trends in pregnancy-related acute renal failure (PR-ARF) in two successive periods; 1982-1991 and 1992-2002. From July 1982 to December 2002, 190 cases of PR-ARF were observed in Eastern India (11.6% of total number of ARF needing dialysis). Obstetrical complications were causative factors for ARF in 15% (65/426) and 10% (125/1201) of patients in the two periods, respectively. The incidence of PR-ARF fell from 15% in 1982-1991 to 10% in 1992-2002, with respect to the total number of acute renal failure cases. Post-abortal ARF showed a declining trend, 9% in the 1980s to 7% in the 2000s, of the total number of ARF cases. Preeclampsia-eclampsia was the cause of obstetrical ARF in 23% (1982-1991) and 14.4% (1992-2002) of cases in these two periods. The percentage of total ARF due to eclampsia declined from 3.5% during the period 1982-1991 to 1.4% in 1992-2002. Puerperal sepsis contributed to 0.8% of total ARF in recent years, compared to 2.4% in the earlier period. The incidence of cortical necrosis decreased significantly (p < 0.001) from 17% in 1982-1991 to 2.4% in the 2000s. The maternal mortality reduced to 6.4% in 1992-2002 from initial high mortality of 20% in the period of 1982-1991. CONCLUSION PR-ARF which remained high in the initial period has decreased in recent years. This is associated with a declining trend in
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Prakash
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
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Madhup R, Kirti S, Bhatt MLB, Srivastava PK, Srivastava M, Kumar S. Letrozole for brain and scalp metastases from breast cancer—a case report. Breast 2006; 15:440-2. [PMID: 16169225 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2005.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2005] [Accepted: 07/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases from breast cancer have a poor prognosis. There have been reports of patients with breast cancer and brain metastases responding well to tamoxifen therapy. We report a very unusual case of intact breast carcinoma with brain as well as scalp metastasis responding well to letrozole (aromatase inhibitor) therapy for a prolonged period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Madhup
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow-226003, U.P., India.
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Srivastava PK, Kulshreshtha K, Mohanty CS, Pushpangadan P, Singh A. Stakeholder-based SWOT analysis for successful municipal solid waste management in Lucknow, India. Waste Manag 2005; 25:531-7. [PMID: 15925762 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2004.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2003] [Revised: 07/14/2004] [Accepted: 08/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation is a case study of Lucknow, the main metropolis in Northern India, which succumbs to a major problem of municipal solid waste and its management. A qualitative investigation using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis (SWOT) has been successfully implemented through this community participation study. This qualitative investigation emphasizes the limited capabilities of the municipal corporation's resources to provide proper facilitation of the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) services without community participation in Lucknow city. The SWOT analysis was performed to formulate strategic action plans for MSWM in order to mobilize and utilize the community resources on the one hand and municipal corporation's resources on the other. It has allowed the introduction of a participatory approach for better collaboration between the community and municipal corporation in Lucknow (India). With this stakeholder-based SWOT analysis, efforts were made to explore the ways and means of converting the possible "threats" into "opportunities" and changing the "weaknesses" into "strengths" regarding a community-based MSWM programme. By this investigation, concrete strategic action plans were developed for both the community and municipal corporation to improve MSWM in Lucknow.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Srivastava
- Eco-Education Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India.
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Abstract
Risperidone induced galactorrhea and hyperprolactinemia have been reported but its role in the growth of prolactinoma is not yet conclusive, due to extreme rarity of such cases. We describe a woman, suffering from Bipolar Disorder-manic episode, who exhibited prolactinoma while on risperidone therapy. The withdrawal of risperidone resulted in disappearance of prolactinoma though her prolactin level remained elevated along with persistent galactorrhea. The change to olanzapine therapy did not show much change in serum prolactin level and galactorrhea. Ultimately, only adding of bromocriptine resulted in disappearance of symptoms of prolactinemia and normal serum prolactin level was achieved and galactorrhea stopped. Further study is recommended to find out relationship between the growth of prolactinoma and risperidone.
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Abstract
Monitoring of milk and dairy product samples of various brands from different cities in Maharashtra, India, was carried out to determine if there is any contamination due to organochlorine pesticide residues. The measurements were made using a gas chromatograph-electron capture detector system. Trace levels of DDT and HCH were detected in the samples. Total HCH levels in milk and milk product samples were lower than total DDT levels, which could be attributed to earlier extensive antimalaria sanitary activities. Butter had higher levels of DDT than cheese and milk powder. All levels of organochlorine pesticide residues in milk and milk products were well below the maximum permissible limits given by the FAO/ WHO. More importantly, as compared with an earlier report, present levels of the contaminants are substantially lower, which indicate the gradual phase out of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Pandit
- Environmental Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Robert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Abstract
Clinical presentation of an extraabdominal metastasis from carcinoma of the gall bladder is rare. Orbital metastasis from gall bladder carcinoma has not been previously reported. We report a case of a 40-year-old woman who developed orbital metastasis from carcinoma of the gall bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Misra
- Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical College, Lucknow U.P., India
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Mendhekar DN, Srivastava PK, Jiloha RC. Recurrence of puerperal psychosis in both pre and post-partum periods: a case report. Indian J Psychiatry 2002; 44:76-8. [PMID: 21206887 PMCID: PMC2953660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of recurrent pre and postpartum psychosis is described. Pre-partum psychosis was more severe in intensity when compared with postpartum psychosis and, if untreated, it may have continued as postpartum psychosis. Presence of bipolar affective illness in the family, ongoing stressor and unplanned pregnancy may be the risk factors for developing pregnancy- related psychosis. This case report also adds weight to the proposition that puerperal psychosis might occur in late pregnancy also.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Mendhekar
- D.N. MENDHEKAR, M.D., D.P.M., Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi-2
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Pandit GG, Srivastava PK, Rao AM. Monitoring of indoor volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons arising from kerosene cooking fuel. Sci Total Environ 2001; 279:159-165. [PMID: 11712593 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(01)00763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Air samples, representing indoor environments of a kitchen in which a kerosene stove was used were collected and analysed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) viz., n-hexane, benzene, heptane, toluene, p- and o-xylene and n-decane using a cryogenic preconcentration system and a gas chromatograph with a flame-ionisation detector. Simultaneous outdoor samples were also collected to determine indoor to outdoor (I/O) ratios for each compound. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultra violet absorption detection was optimised for separation and quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air particulate matter. Concentration of total suspended particulate matter (TSPM), benzene soluble organics and the PAHs in air samples collected in indoor environment of some tenements at Trombay, Mumbai where kerosene is used as cooking fuel are discussed in relation to the concentration of the same in outdoor environment in vicinity of the tenement. VOCs and PAHs results from samples collected in kitchens in Trombay are discussed in relation to indoor air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Pandit
- Environmental Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India.
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Srivastava PK, Singh DS. Isolation and characterization of NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase of germinating pea seeds (Pisum sativum). Indian J Biochem Biophys 2001; 38:335-41. [PMID: 11886083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.42) has been purified to homogeneity from germinating pea seeds. The enzyme is a tetrameric protein (mol wt, about 146,000) made up of apparently identical monomers (subunit mol wt, about 36,000). Thermal inactivation of purified enzyme at 45 degrees and 50 degrees C shows simple first order kinetics. The enzyme shows optimum activity at pH range 7.5-8. Effect of substrate [S] on enzyme activity at different pH (6.5-8) suggests that the proton behaves formally as an "uncompetitive inhibitor". A basic group of the enzyme (site) is protonated in this pH range in the presence of substrate only, with a pKa equal to 6.78. On successive dialysis against EDTA and phosphate buffer, pH 7.8 at 0 degrees C, yields an enzymatically inactive protein showing kinetics of thermal inactivation identical to the untreated (native) enzyme. Maximum enzyme activity is observed in presence of Mn2+ and Mg2+ ions (3.75 mM). Addition of Zn2+, Cd2+, Co2+ and Ca2+ ions brings about partial recovery. Other metal ions Fe2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ are ineffective.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Kayastha AM, Srivastava PK. Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) urease immobilized on glutaraldehyde-activated chitosan beads and its analytical applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2001; 96:41-53. [PMID: 11783899 DOI: 10.1385/abab:96:1-3:041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Urease from pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) was covalently linked to crab shell chitosan beads using glutaraldehyde. The optimum immobilization (64% activity) was observed at 4 degrees C, with a protein concentration of 0.24 mg/bead and 3% glutaraldehyde. The immobilized enzyme stored in 0.05 M Tris-acetate buffer, pH 7.3, at 4 degrees C had a t(1/2) of 110 d. There was practically no leaching of enzyme (<3%) from the immobilized beads in 30 d. The immobilized urease was used 10 times at an interval of 24 h between each use with 80% residual activity at the end of the period. The chitosan-immobilized urease showed a significantly higher Michaelis constant (8.3 mM) compared to that of the soluble urease (3.0 mM). Its apparent optimum pH also shifted from 7.3 to 8.5. Immobilized urease showed an optimal temperature of 77 degrees C, compared with 47 degrees C for the soluble urease. Time-dependent kinetics of the thermal denaturation of immobilized urease was studied and found to be monophasic in nature compared to biphasic in nature for soluble enzyme. This immobilized urease was used to analyze blood urea of some of the clinical samples from the clinical pathology laboratories. The results compared favorably with those obtained by the various chemical/biochemical methods employed in the clinical pathology laboratories. A column packed with immobilized urease beads was also prepared in a syringe for the regular and continuous monitoring of serum urea concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Kayastha
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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Ménoret A, Li Z, Niswonger ML, Altmeyer A, Srivastava PK. An endoplasmic reticulum protein implicated in chaperoning peptides to major histocompatibility of class I is an aminopeptidase. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:33313-8. [PMID: 11397801 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m103383200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
gp96, an abundant peptide-binding chaperone of the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and an acceptor of peptides transported into the endoplasmic reticulum through transporter associated with antigen processing, is shown to be an aminopeptidase. gp96 can trim an amino-terminal extended 19-mer precursor of the K(b)-binding VSV8 epitope for recognition by the cognate cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone. These observations support a role for gp96 in the amino-terminal trimming of extended peptides in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ménoret
- Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases (MC1601), University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
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Abstract
Urease purified from pigeonpea seeds was immobilized on gelatin beads via cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The maximum immobilization (75%) was observed at 30 mg/ml gelatin, 0.414 mg of enzyme/bead, 1% (v/v) glutaraldehyde and 4 degrees C. Beads stored in 50 mM Tris/acetate buffer (pH 7.3) at 4 degrees C showed a half-life of 240 days and there was practically no leaching of enzyme (less than 2%) over a period of 30 days. These beads can be reused more than 30 times (with 24 h intervals) without much loss of enzyme activity (i.e. less than 11%). The immobilized urease showed a shift in its optimum pH from 7.3 to 6.5 in Tris/acetate buffer. Optimum temperature also shifted from 47 to 65 degrees C compared with the soluble enzyme. Gelatin-immobilized pigeonpea urease had a higher K(m) (8.3 mM) than that of the soluble enzyme (3.0 mM). The time-dependent temperature inactivation pattern was also found to change from biphasic to monophasic kinetics. The immobilized beads were used for the preparation of a new urea biosensor with a response time of less than 2 min. At least 14 samples of urea can be measured with this biosensor within an hour. The beads, as well as the biosensor, were used to analyse the urea content in clinical samples from the local clinical pathology laboratories. The results obtained with the biosensor were strikingly similar to those obtained with the various commonly employed biochemical/autoanalyzer(R) methods used. These immobilization studies also have a potential role in haemodialysis machines that maintain the urea level in kidney patients and in the construction of a portable/wearable kidney. The easy availability of the pigeonpea urease, the ease of its immobilization on gelatin and a significantly lower cost of the urease described in the present study makes it a suitable product for future applications in therapeutics and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Srivastava
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
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Binder RJ, Blachere NE, Srivastava PK. Heat shock protein-chaperoned peptides but not free peptides introduced into the cytosol are presented efficiently by major histocompatibility complex I molecules. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:17163-71. [PMID: 11278929 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011547200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The studies reported here bear on the events in the cytosol that lead to trafficking of peptides during antigen processing and presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I molecules. We have introduced free antigenic peptides or antigenic peptides bound to serum albumin or to cytosolic heat shock proteins hsp90 (and its endoplasmic reticular homologue gp96) or hsp70 into the cytosol of living cells and have monitored the presentation of the peptides by appropriate MHC I molecules. The experiments show that (i) free peptides or serum albumin-bound peptides, introduced into the cytosol, become ligands of MHC I molecules at a far lower efficiency than peptides chaperoned by any of the heat shock proteins tested and (ii) treatment of cells with deoxyspergualin, a drug that binds hsp70 and hsp90 with apparent specificity, abrogates the ability of cells to present antigenic peptides through MHC I molecules, and introduction of additional hsp70 into the cytosol overcomes this abrogation. These results suggest for the first time a functional role for cytosolic chaperones in antigen processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Binder
- Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
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Binder RJ, Karimeddini D, Srivastava PK. Adjuvanticity of alpha 2-macroglobulin, an independent ligand for the heat shock protein receptor CD91. J Immunol 2001; 166:4968-72. [PMID: 11290775 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.8.4968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We recently have identified CD91 as a receptor for the heat shock protein gp96. CD91 was identified initially as a receptor for alpha(2)-macroglobulin (alpha(2)M). Gp96 and alpha(2)M are both ligands for CD91. Because gp96-chaperoned peptides can prime CD8(+) T cell responses and are re-presented by APCs, we tested alpha(2)M for similar properties. Our studies show that alpha(2)M binds peptides in vitro and that the peptides, chaperoned by alpha(2)M, efficiently prime peptide-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in mice immunized with alpha(2)M-peptide complexes. Furthermore, peptides chaperoned by alpha(2)M, like those chaperoned by gp96, can be re-presented by CD91(+) APCs on their MHC I molecules. These studies demonstrate that alpha(2)M molecules, like the heat shock protein molecules, are T cell adjuvants that can channel exogenous Ags into the endogenous pathway of Ag presentaion. The remarkable similarities between an intracellular chaperone and an extracellular serum chaperone may have interesting physiological ramifications.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/metabolism
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigen Presentation
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/metabolism
- Antigens, Neoplasm/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Heat-Shock Proteins/administration & dosage
- Heat-Shock Proteins/immunology
- Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Ligands
- Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Peptides/administration & dosage
- Peptides/immunology
- Peptides/metabolism
- Protein Binding/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Serum Albumin/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- alpha-Macroglobulins/administration & dosage
- alpha-Macroglobulins/immunology
- alpha-Macroglobulins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Binder
- Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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Levey DL, Udono H, Heike M, Srivastava PK. Identification of a tumor-associated contact-dependent activity which reversibly downregulates cytolytic function of CD8+ T cells. Cancer Immun 2001; 1:5. [PMID: 12747766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2001] [Accepted: 03/20/2001] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumors elicit an immune response in hosts and yet, paradoxically, often grow progressively with fatal consequences. This phenomenon has been attributed to the possible expression by tumor cells of immunomodulatory factors that overcome the anti-tumor effector functions of both specific and non-specific immune cells. This study reports on the ability of the methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma, Meth A, as well as other tumors of varied histological origins to downregulate the lytic activity of CD8+ T cells. The suppressive activity is contact-dependent and reversible. As tumor-bearing hosts are rarely immunosuppressed systemically, these findings may explain how local events within the tumor bed subvert the specific anti-tumor immune response.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cell Communication/immunology
- Cell Membrane/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- Fibrosarcoma/blood
- Fibrosarcoma/immunology
- Fibrosarcoma/pathology
- Graft Rejection/immunology
- H-2 Antigens/immunology
- Kinetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Levey
- Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, Mail Code 1601, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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