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Bui QM, Nguyen QT, Nguyen TT, Nguyen HM, Phung TT, Le VA, Truong NM, Mac TV, Nguyen TD, Hoang LTA, Tran HMD, Le VN, Nguyen MD. Multivariate Statistical Analysis for the Classification of Sausages Based on Physicochemical Attributes, Using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). J Anal Methods Chem 2024; 2024:1329212. [PMID: 38505133 PMCID: PMC10950409 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1329212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Sausage is a convenient food that is widely consumed in the world and in Vietnam. Due to the rapid development of this product, the authenticity of many famous brands has faded by the rise of adulteration. Therefore, in this study, principal component analysis (PCA) was combined with chemical analysis to identify 6 sausage brands. Sausage samples were dried and then ground to a fine powder for both instrumental analyses of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Dried measurements of ATR-FTIR was performed directly on the ZnSe crystal, while elemental data were obtained through microwave digestion before the ICP-MS analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) within the framework software of XLSTAT and STATISTICA 12 was performed on the spectroscopy and elemental dataset of sausage samples. PCA visualized the distinction of 6 sausage brands on both datasets of ATR-FTIR and ICP-MS. The classification on the spectroscopy profile showed that although more than 90% variation of the dataset was explained on the first two PCs, the difference between several brands was not detected as the distribution of data overlapped with one another. The PCA observation of the elemental composition on PC1 and PC3 has separated the sausage brands into 6 distinctive groups. Besides, several key elements contributed to the brands' identification have been detected, and the most distinctive elements are Na, K, Ca, and Ba. PCA visualization showed the feasibility of the classification of sausage samples from different brands when combined with the results of FT-IR and ICP-MS methods. The experiment was able to differentiate the sausages from the 5 brands using multivariate statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Minh Bui
- Center for High Technology Research and Development (CHTD), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quang Trung Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Science and Public Health, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Thao Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha My Nguyen
- Center for High Technology Research and Development (CHTD), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Tinh Phung
- Center for High Technology Research and Development (CHTD), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Viet Anh Le
- Center for High Technology Research and Development (CHTD), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Minh Truong
- Center for High Technology Research and Development (CHTD), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - The Vinh Mac
- Hanoi University of Industry, 298 Cau Dien Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tien Dat Nguyen
- Center for High Technology Research and Development (CHTD), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Tuan Anh Hoang
- Center for High Technology Research and Development (CHTD), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Minh Duc Tran
- Center for High Technology Research and Development (CHTD), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Nhan Le
- Center for High Technology Research and Development (CHTD), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Duc Nguyen
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Nguyen QT, Nguyen TT, Le VN, Nguyen NT, Truong NM, Hoang MT, Pham TPT, Bui QM. Towards a Standardized Approach for the Geographical Traceability of Plant Foods Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Foods 2023; 12:1848. [PMID: 37174386 PMCID: PMC10177964 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a systematic literature review focused on the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) combined with PCA, a multivariate technique, for determining the geographical origin of plant foods. Recent studies selected and applied the ICP-MS analytical method and PCA in plant food geographical traceability. The collected results from many previous studies indicate that ICP-MS with PCA is a useful tool and is widely used for authenticating and certifying the geographic origin of plant food. The review encourages scientists and managers to discuss the possibility of introducing an international standard for plant food traceability using ICP-MS combined with PCA. The use of a standard method will reduce the time and cost of analysis and improve the efficiency of trade and circulation of goods. Furthermore, the main steps needed to establish the standard for this traceability method are reported, including the development of guidelines and quality control measures, which play a pivotal role in providing authentic product information through each stage of production, processing, and distribution for consumers and authority agencies. This might be the basis for establishing the standards for examination and controlling the quality of foods in the markets, ensuring safety for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Trung Nguyen
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam; (Q.T.N.); (V.N.L.); (N.T.N.); (N.M.T.); (M.T.H.); (T.P.T.P.)
- Institute of Environmental Science and Public Health, Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Association, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam;
| | - Thanh Thao Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Science and Public Health, Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Association, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam;
| | - Van Nhan Le
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam; (Q.T.N.); (V.N.L.); (N.T.N.); (N.M.T.); (M.T.H.); (T.P.T.P.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Tung Nguyen
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam; (Q.T.N.); (V.N.L.); (N.T.N.); (N.M.T.); (M.T.H.); (T.P.T.P.)
| | - Ngoc Minh Truong
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam; (Q.T.N.); (V.N.L.); (N.T.N.); (N.M.T.); (M.T.H.); (T.P.T.P.)
| | - Minh Tao Hoang
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam; (Q.T.N.); (V.N.L.); (N.T.N.); (N.M.T.); (M.T.H.); (T.P.T.P.)
| | - Thi Phuong Thao Pham
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam; (Q.T.N.); (V.N.L.); (N.T.N.); (N.M.T.); (M.T.H.); (T.P.T.P.)
| | - Quang Minh Bui
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 11353, Vietnam; (Q.T.N.); (V.N.L.); (N.T.N.); (N.M.T.); (M.T.H.); (T.P.T.P.)
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Nguyen LKP, Nguyen NP, Le MT, Bui QM, Cam TS. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Vietnamese takeaway coffee: effects of coffee variety, roasting temperature and time. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:346-355. [PMID: 36689564 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2168067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The research goal was to estimate the level of risk to human health posed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Vietnamese takeaway coffee. A variety of roasted coffee beans were collected and tested for the presence of PAHs in various takeaway locations throughout Vietnam. Furthermore, the effect of roasting conditions on PAH concentrations in Vietnamese Robusta coffee was also studied and demonstrated. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, a modern, accurate, and fast method, was used to determine the research results. Six PAHs, namely naphthalene, anthracene, pyrene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and benz[a]anthracene, were found in the 100 collected samples, with average concentrations (μg/kg dry weight) of 943.7 ± 40.3, 195.1 ± 4.9, 36.1 ± 1.1, 33.3 ± 2.2, 28.2 ± 1.7, and 2.0 ± 0.1, respectively. It was found that the tested samples were almost free of PAH4 contamination. The research showed that the total value of PAH quantifications in Robusta coffee increased with increasing roasting temperature and decreased with increasing roasting time. In addition, the calculated value of the total hazard quotient (THQ) was less than 1, and the obtained value of the incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk (ILCR) did not exceed 1·10-5, meaning that coffee consumers in Vietnam are safe from exposure to PAHs present in the investigated coffee beans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Minh Tuan Le
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Quang Minh Bui
- Centre For Research and Technology Transfer, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Son Cam
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.,Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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Kraan CM, Date P, Rattray A, Sangeux M, Bui QM, Baker EK, Morison J, Amor DJ, Godler DE. Feasibility of wearable technology for 'real-world' gait analysis in children with Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes. J Intellect Disabil Res 2022; 66:717-725. [PMID: 35713265 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are neurodevelopmental disorders in need of innovative 'real-world' outcome measures to evaluate treatment effects. Instrumented gait analysis (IGA) using wearable technology offers a potentially feasible solution to measure "real-world' neurological and motor dysfunction in these groups. METHODS Children (50% female; 6-16 years) diagnosed with PWS (n = 9) and AS (n = 5) completed 'real-world' IGA assessments using the Physilog®5 wearable. PWS participants completed a laboratory assessment and a 'real-world' long walk. The AS group completed 'real-world' caregiver-assisted assessments. Mean and variability results for stride time, cadence, stance percentage (%) and stride length were extracted and compared across three different data reduction protocols. RESULTS The wearables approach was found to be feasible, with all participants able to complete at least one assessment. This study also demonstrated significant agreement, using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), between laboratory and 'real-world' assessments in the PWS group for mean stride length, mean stance % and stance % CV (n = 7, CCC: 0.782-0.847, P = 0.011-0.009). CONCLUSION 'Real-world' gait analysis using the Physilog®5 wearable was feasible to efficiently assess neurological and motor dysfunction in children affected with PWS and AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kraan
- Diagnosis and Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Date
- Diagnosis and Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Rattray
- Diagnosis and Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Sangeux
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Laboratory for Movement Analysis, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Q M Bui
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E K Baker
- Diagnosis and Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Morison
- Diagnosis and Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D J Amor
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Neurodisability and Rehabilitation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D E Godler
- Diagnosis and Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Shelton AL, Cornish KM, Godler D, Bui QM, Kolbe S, Fielding J. White matter microstructure, cognition, and molecular markers in fragile X premutation females. Neurology 2017; 88:2080-2088. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000003979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective:To examine the interrelationships between fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) mRNA and the FMR1 exon 1/intron 1 boundary methylation, white matter microstructure, and executive function, in women with a FMR1 premutation expansion (PM; 55–199 CGG repeats) and controls (CGG < 44).Methods:Twenty women with PM without fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) and 20 control women between 22 and 54 years of age completed this study. FMR1 mRNA and methylation levels for 9 CpG sites within the FMR1 exon 1/intron 1 boundary from peripheral blood samples were analyzed. To measure white matter microstructure, diffusion-weighted imaging was used, from which fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values from anatomic regions within the corpus callosum and cerebellar peduncles were extracted. Executive function was assessed across a range of tasks.Results:No differences were revealed in white matter microstructure between women with PM and controls. However, we reveal that for women with PM (but not controls), higher FMR1 mRNA correlated with lower MD values within the middle cerebellar peduncle and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test scores, higher methylation of the FMR1 exon 1/intron 1 boundary correlated with lower MD within the inferior and middle cerebellar peduncles and longer prosaccade latencies, and higher FA values within the corpus callosum and cerebellar peduncle regions corresponded to superior executive function.Conclusions:We provide evidence linking white matter microstructure to executive dysfunction and elevated FMR1 mRNA and FMR1 exon 1/intron 1 boundary methylation in women with PM without FXTAS. This suggests that the FXTAS phenotype may not be distinct but may form part of a spectrum of PM involvement.
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Kraan CM, Cornish KM, Bui QM, Li X, Slater HR, Godler DE. β-glucuronidase mRNA levels are correlated with gait and working memory in premutation females: understanding the role of FMR1 premutation alleles. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29366. [PMID: 27387142 PMCID: PMC4937393 DOI: 10.1038/srep29366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset disorder manifesting in a proportion of FMR1 premutation individuals (PM: 55-199 CGG triplet expansions). FXTAS is associated with elevated levels of FMR1 mRNA which are toxic. In this study, relationships between neurocognitive and intra-step gait variability measures with mRNA levels, measured in blood samples, were examined in 35 PM and 35 matched control females. The real-time PCR assays measured FMR1 mRNA, and previously used internal control genes: β-Glucuronidase (GUS), Succinate Dehydrogenase 1 (SDHA) and Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4A (EI4A2). Although there was significant correlation of gait variability with FMR1 mRNA levels (p = 0.004) when normalized to GUS (FMR1/GUS), this was lost when FMR1 was normalized to SDHA and EI4A2 (2IC). In contrast, GUS mRNA level normalized to 2IC showed a strong correlation with gait variability measures (p < 0.007), working memory (p = 0.001) and verbal intelligence scores (p = 0.008). PM specific changes in GUS mRNA were not mediated by FMR1 mRNA. These results raise interest in the role of GUS in PM related disorders and emphasise the importance of using appropriate internal control genes, which have no significant association with PM phenotype, to normalize FMR1 mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kraan
- School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - K M Cornish
- School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Q M Bui
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, University of Melbourne Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - X Li
- Cyto-molecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - H R Slater
- Cyto-molecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - D E Godler
- Cyto-molecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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Bala Y, Bui QM, Wang XF, Iuliano S, Wang Q, Ghasem-Zadeh A, Rozental TD, Bouxsein ML, Zebaze RMD, Seeman E. Trabecular and cortical microstructure and fragility of the distal radius in women. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:621-9. [PMID: 25327362 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fragility fractures commonly involve metaphyses. The distal radius is assembled with a thin cortex formed by fusion (corticalization) of trabeculae arising from the periphery of the growth plate. Centrally positioned trabeculae reinforce the thin cortex and transfer loads from the joint to the proximal thicker cortical bone. We hypothesized that growth- and age-related deficits in trabecular bone disrupt this frugally assembled microarchitecture, producing bone fragility. The microarchitecture of the distal radius was measured using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in 135 females with distal radial fractures, including 32 girls (aged 7 to 18 years), 35 premenopausal women (aged 18 to 44 years), and 68 postmenopausal women (aged 50 to 76 years). We also studied 240 fracture-free controls of comparable age and 47 healthy fracture-free premenopausal mother-daughter pairs (aged 30 to 55 and 7 to 20 years, respectively). In fracture-free girls and pre- and postmenopausal women, fewer or thinner trabeculae were associated with a smaller and more porous cortical area (r = 0.25 to 0.71 after age, height, and weight adjustment, all p < 0.05). Fewer and thinner trabeculae in daughters were associated with higher cortical porosity in their mothers (r = 0.30 to 0.47, all p < 0.05). Girls and premenopausal and postmenopausal women with forearm fractures had 0.3 to 0.7 standard deviations (SD) fewer or thinner trabeculae and higher cortical porosity than controls in one or more compartment; one SD trait difference conferred odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for fracture ranging from 1.56 (1.01-2.44) to 4.76 (2.86-7.69). Impaired trabecular corticalization during growth, and cortical and trabecular fragmentation during aging, may contribute to the fragility of the distal radius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Bala
- Endocrine Center, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Cornish KM, Kraan CM, Bui QM, Bellgrove MA, Metcalfe SA, Trollor JN, Hocking DR, Slater HR, Inaba Y, Li X, Archibald AD, Turbitt E, Cohen J, Godler DE. Novel methylation markers of the dysexecutive-psychiatric phenotype in FMR1 premutation women. Neurology 2015; 84:1631-8. [PMID: 25809302 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the epigenetic basis of psychiatric symptoms and dysexecutive impairments in FMR1 premutation (PM: 55 to 199 CGG repeats) women. METHODS A total of 35 FMR1 PM women aged between 22 and 55 years and 35 age- and IQ-matched women controls (CGG <45) participated in this study. All participants completed a range of executive function tests and self-reported symptoms of psychiatric disorders. The molecular measures included DNA methylation of the FMR1 CpG island in blood, presented as FMR1 activation ratio (AR), and 9 CpG sites located at the FMR1 exon1/intron 1 boundary, CGG size, and FMR1 mRNA levels. RESULTS We show that FMR1 intron 1 methylation levels could be used to dichotomize PM women into greater and lower risk categories (p = 0.006 to 0.037; odds ratio = 14-24.8), with only FMR1 intron 1 methylation, and to a lesser extent AR, being significantly correlated with the likelihood of probable dysexecutive or psychiatric symptoms (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the significant relationships between methylation and social anxiety were found to be mediated by executive function performance, but only in PM women. FMR1 exon 1 methylation, CGG size, and FMR1 mRNA could not predict probable dysexecutive/psychiatric disorders in PM women. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study supporting presence of specific epigenetic etiology associated with increased risk of developing comorbid dysexecutive and social anxiety symptoms in PM women. These findings could have implications for early intervention and risk estimate recommendations aimed at improving the outcomes for PM women and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Cornish
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia.
| | - Claudine M Kraan
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Quang Minh Bui
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Mark A Bellgrove
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Sylvia A Metcalfe
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Julian N Trollor
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Darren R Hocking
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Howard R Slater
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Yoshimi Inaba
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Xin Li
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Alison D Archibald
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Erin Turbitt
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - Jonathan Cohen
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
| | - David E Godler
- From the School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (K.M.C., C.M.K., M.A.B.), and the Centre for Developmental Disability Health Victoria (J.C.), Monash University, Clayton; the Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Q.M.B.), Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne; Genetics Education and Health Research (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), the Cytomolecular Diagnostic Research Laboratory (H.R.S., Y.I., X.L., D.E.G.) and Victorian Clinical Genetics Services (A.D.A.), Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne; the Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences (S.A.M., A.D.A., E.T.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; the Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (J.N.T.), UNSW Australia, Sydney; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (D.R.H.), School of Psychological Science, La Trobe, Bundoora; and Fragile X Alliance Inc. (Clinic) (J.C.), North Caufield, Australia
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9
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Ahsan H, Halpern J, Kibriya MG, Pierce BL, Tong L, Gamazon E, McGuire V, Felberg A, Shi J, Jasmine F, Roy S, Brutus R, Argos M, Melkonian S, Chang-Claude J, Andrulis I, Hopper JL, John EM, Malone K, Ursin G, Gammon MD, Thomas DC, Seminara D, Casey G, Knight JA, Southey MC, Giles GG, Santella RM, Lee E, Conti D, Duggan D, Gallinger S, Haile R, Jenkins M, Lindor NM, Newcomb P, Michailidou K, Apicella C, Park DJ, Peto J, Fletcher O, Silva IDS, Lathrop M, Hunter DJ, Chanock SJ, Meindl A, Schmutzler RK, Müller-Myhsok B, Lochmann M, Beckmann L, Hein R, Makalic E, Schmidt DF, Bui QM, Stone J, Flesch-Janys D, Dahmen N, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Blomqvist C, Hall P, Czene K, Irwanto A, Liu J, Rahman N, Turnbull C, Dunning AM, Pharoah P, Waisfisz Q, Meijers-Heijboer H, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, Nicolae D, Easton DF, Cox NJ, Whittemore AS. A genome-wide association study of early-onset breast cancer identifies PFKM as a novel breast cancer gene and supports a common genetic spectrum for breast cancer at any age. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:658-69. [PMID: 24493630 PMCID: PMC3990360 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-onset breast cancer (EOBC) causes substantial loss of life and productivity, creating a major burden among women worldwide. We analyzed 1,265,548 Hapmap3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) among a discovery set of 3,523 EOBC incident cases and 2,702 population control women ages ≤ 51 years. The SNPs with smallest P values were examined in a replication set of 3,470 EOBC cases and 5,475 control women. We also tested EOBC association with 19,684 genes by annotating each gene with putative functional SNPs, and then combining their P values to obtain a gene-based P value. We examined the gene with smallest P value for replication in 1,145 breast cancer cases and 1,142 control women. The combined discovery and replication sets identified 72 new SNPs associated with EOBC (P < 4 × 10(-8)) located in six genomic regions previously reported to contain SNPs associated largely with later-onset breast cancer (LOBC). SNP rs2229882 and 10 other SNPs on chromosome 5q11.2 remained associated (P < 6 × 10(-4)) after adjustment for the strongest published SNPs in the region. Thirty-two of the 82 currently known LOBC SNPs were associated with EOBC (P < 0.05). Low power is likely responsible for the remaining 50 unassociated known LOBC SNPs. The gene-based analysis identified an association between breast cancer and the phosphofructokinase-muscle (PFKM) gene on chromosome 12q13.11 that met the genome-wide gene-based threshold of 2.5 × 10(-6). In conclusion, EOBC and LOBC seem to have similar genetic etiologies; the 5q11.2 region may contain multiple distinct breast cancer loci; and the PFKM gene region is worthy of further investigation. These findings should enhance our understanding of the etiology of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibul Ahsan
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Departments of Health Studies, University of Chicago, IL
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, IL
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Jerry Halpern
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Muhammad G Kibriya
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Departments of Health Studies, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Brandon L Pierce
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Departments of Health Studies, University of Chicago, IL
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Lin Tong
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Departments of Health Studies, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Eric Gamazon
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Anna Felberg
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Epidemiology and Genetics Research Program, National Cancer Institute, MD
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Departments of Health Studies, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Shantanu Roy
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Departments of Health Studies, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Rachelle Brutus
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Departments of Health Studies, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Maria Argos
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Departments of Health Studies, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Stephanie Melkonian
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Departments of Health Studies, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Irene Andrulis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Ontario
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Esther M. John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Kathi Malone
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Marilie D Gammon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Duncan C Thomas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, CA
| | - Daniela Seminara
- Epidemiology and Genetics Research Program, National Cancer Institute, MD
| | - Graham Casey
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, CA
| | - Julia A Knight
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Ontario
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, CA
| | - David Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, CA
| | - David Duggan
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Steve Gallinger
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Haile
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, CA
| | - Mark Jenkins
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Noralane M Lindor
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Polly Newcomb
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carmel Apicella
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel J Park
- Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julian Peto
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Isabel dos Santos Silva
- Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Centre National de Genotypage, Evry, France
- Fondation Jean Dausset – CEPH, Paris, France
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division for Gynaecological Tumor-Genetics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Molecular Gynaeco-Oncology, University of Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Magdalena Lochmann
- Clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division for Gynaecological Tumor-Genetics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Lars Beckmann
- Foundation for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care IQWIG, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- PMV Research Group at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Enes Makalic
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel F Schmidt
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Quang Minh Bui
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer Stone
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic, and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Dahmen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per Hall
- Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Kamila Czene
- Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Astrid Irwanto
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics Division, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Nazneen Rahman
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Clare Turnbull
- Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Quinten Waisfisz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, section Oncogenetics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Meijers-Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, section Oncogenetics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andre G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dan Nicolae
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, IL
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Palo Alto, CA
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10
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Bjørnerem Å, Bui QM, Ghasem-Zadeh A, Hopper JL, Zebaze R, Seeman E. Fracture risk and height: an association partly accounted for by cortical porosity of relatively thinner cortices. J Bone Miner Res 2013; 28:2017-26. [PMID: 23520013 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Taller women are at increased risk for fracture despite having wider bones that better tolerate bending. Because wider bones require less material to achieve a given bending strength, we hypothesized that taller women assemble bones with relatively thinner and more porous cortices because excavation of a larger medullary canal may be accompanied by excavation of more intracortical canals. Three-dimensional images of distal tibia, fibula, and radius were obtained in vivo using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) in a twin study of 345 females aged 40 to 61 years, 93 with at least one fracture. Cortical porosity <100 µm as well as >100 µm, and microarchitecture, were quantified using Strax1.0, a new algorithm. Multivariable linear and logistic regression using generalized estimating equation (GEE) methods quantified associations between height and microarchitecture and estimated the associations with fracture risk. Each standard deviation (SD) greater height was associated with a 0.69 SD larger tibia total cross-sectional area (CSA), 0.66 SD larger medullary CSA, 0.50 SD higher medullary CSA/total CSA (i.e., thinner cortices relative to the total CSA due to a proportionally larger medullary area), and 0.42 SD higher porosity (all p < 0.001). Cortical area was 0.45 SD larger in absolute terms but 0.50 SD smaller in relative terms. These observations were confirmed by examining trait correlations in twin pairs. Fracture risk was associated with height, total CSA, medullary CSA/total CSA, and porosity in univariate analyses. In multivariable analyses, distal tibia, medullary CSA/total CSA, and porosity predicted fracture independently; height was no longer significant. Each 1 SD greater porosity was associated with fracture; odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are as follows: distal tibia, OR = 1.55 (95% CI, 1.11-2.15); distal fibula, OR = 1.47 (95% CI, 1.14-1.88); and distal radius, OR = 1.22 (95% CI, 0.96-1.55). Taller women assemble wider bones with relatively thinner and more porous cortices predisposing to fracture.
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11
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Loesch DZ, Khaniani MS, Slater HR, Rubio JP, Bui QM, Kotschet K, D'Souza W, Venn A, Kalitsis P, Choo AKH, Burgess T, Johnson L, Evans A, Horne M. Small CGG repeat expansion alleles of FMR1 gene are associated with parkinsonism. Clin Genet 2009; 76:471-6. [PMID: 19796183 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2009.01275.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) affects older males carrying premutation, that is, expansions of the CGG repeat (in the 55-200 range), in the FMR1 gene. The neurological changes are linked to the excessive FMR1 messenger RNA (mRNA), becoming toxic through a 'gain-of-function'. Because elevated levels of this mRNA are also found in carriers of the smaller expansion (grey zone) alleles, ranging from 40 to 54 CGGs, we tested for a possible role of these alleles in the origin of movement disorders associated with tremor. We screened 228 Australian males affected with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and other causes of parkinsonism recruited from Victoria and Tasmania for premutation and grey zone alleles. The frequencies of either of these alleles were compared with the frequencies in a population-based sample of 578 Guthrie spots from consecutive Tasmanian male newborns (controls). There was a significant excess of premutation carriers (Fisher's exact test p = 0.006). There was also a more than twofold increase in grey zone carriers in the combined sample of the Victorian and Tasmanian cases, with odds ratio (OR ) = 2.36, and 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.20-4.63, as well as in Tasmanian cases only (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.06-5.13), compared with controls. The results suggest that the FMR1 grey zone alleles, as well as premutation alleles, might contribute to the aetiology of disorders associated with parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Z Loesch
- School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne/Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
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12
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Loesch DZ, Bui QM, Kelso W, Huggins RM, Slater H, Warne G, Bergman PB, Bergman P, Rodda C, Mitchell RJ, Prior M. Effect of Turner's syndrome and X-linked imprinting on cognitive status: analysis based on pedigree data. Brain Dev 2005; 27:494-503. [PMID: 16198207 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2004.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2004] [Revised: 12/01/2004] [Accepted: 12/28/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The effects of a monosomy of either the maternally or paternally derived X chromosome in Turner's syndrome (TS) on general neurocognitive status and some executive abilities were assessed using the maximum likelihood estimators for pedigree data. This method increases the power of analysis by accounting for the effect of background heritable variation on a trait. The sample comprised 42 females with regular non-mosaic X monosomy and their non-affected relatives. Wechsler neurocognitive scores and several executive function tests' scores, including the Behaviour Dyscontrol Scale (BDS-2), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT), were considered in the analysis. Results showed a significant effect of TS on all Wechsler index and subtest scores, with greatest deficits observed in Arithmetic, Block Design, Object Assembly and Picture Arrangement, and on the total BDS, RCFT and WCST scores, regardless of parental origin of the single X-chromosome. Our data also showed a significantly higher effect of a paternally derived X chromosome in diminishing the performance on several Wechsler scores relevant to verbal skills, which might suggest X-linked imprinting loci relevant to these skills. Possible reasons for the inconsistency of the results concerning X-linked imprinting of cognitive loci using TS patients are discussed, and the relevance of pedigree analysis to future studies of this problem is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Z Loesch
- School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
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Huggins RM, Loesch DZ, Qian GQ, Bui QM, Mitchell RJ, Dobson M, Taylor AK. Hierarchical Bayes model for random haplotype and family effects in the transmission of fragile-X. Genet Epidemiol 2004; 26:294-304. [PMID: 15095389 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.10316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A model for the transmission of the CGG repeat sequence associated with the fragile-X dynamic mutation in the FMR1 gene is developed. The model incorporates both haplotype and family effects on the expansion rate of the sequence. The resulting random effects model is fitted to new data, using computer-intensive Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The results demonstrate both the FRAXAC1-DXS458 haplotype and family effects on the transmission of CGG repeats from mother to offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Huggins
- Department of Statistical Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Loesch DZ, Huggins RM, Bui QM, Taylor AK, Pratt C, Epstein J, Hagerman RJ. Effect of fragile X status categories and FMRP deficits on cognitive profiles estimated by robust pedigree analysis. Am J Med Genet A 2003; 122A:13-23. [PMID: 12949966 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.20214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the fragile X pre-mutation and full mutation categories, and FMRP deficits in these categories, on neurocognitive status, have been assessed in fragile X individuals from 144 extended families, which included fragile X individuals, as well as their non-fragile X relatives. Neuropsychological status was assessed by the Wechsler summary and subtest test scores. A modification of the maximum likelihood estimators for pedigree data that is resistant to outliers was used to analyze the data. The results have demonstrated the effect of large expansions of CGG repeat in the FMR1 (fragile X mental retardation 1) gene (full mutation) in decreasing full scale IQ (FSIQ), as well as several FSIQ-adjusted subtest scores in the performance domain. Moreover, the results have demonstrated significant cognitive deficits in male individuals with pre-mutation. FMRP depletion correlates strongly with neurocognitive status in the full mutation subjects. Evidence for the effect of FMRP in smaller expansions (pre-mutation) in reducing FSIQ, Performance and Verbal scores, as well as subtest scores in males, has also been obtained. The results are also suggestive of factors other than FMRP deficit which may determine some specific cognitive deficits in fragile X pre-mutation carriers. Genetic variance estimated from the models accounts for less than half of the total variance in FSIQ, and it varies widely between individual Wechsler subtests.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Z Loesch
- School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Loesch DZ, Huggins RM, Bui QM, Taylor AK, Hagerman RJ. Relationship of deficits of FMR1 gene specific protein with physical phenotype of fragile X males and females in pedigrees: a new perspective. Am J Med Genet A 2003; 118A:127-34. [PMID: 12655493 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.10099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The effect of deficit of the FMR1-gene product (FMRP) on physical phenotype was investigated using a robust modification of the maximum likelihood estimators for pedigree data. The approach is a powerful method of examining genotype-phenotype relationships because it adjusts for intra-familial variation, and the robust modification allows violation of distributional assumptions in the data to be overcome by objectively down-weighting unusual observations. The data on 19 age- or height-adjusted physical measures including head, trunk and limb measures and height and weight from 110 extended fragile X families (including 185 fragile X males and females and 120 normal relatives) were related to the FMRP levels assessed in peripheral blood lymphocytes. A significant interaction between FMRP and age was also included in the models for some measures. The results have demonstrated a linear effect of progressively reducing levels of FMRP on the values of a majority of physical measures considered in the study. The most evident effect of FMRP deficit in sexes combined was in decreasing body height and limb length, and in increasing head height and the degree of connective tissue involvement (measured by the middle finger extension angle). Heritability estimated from the complex FMRP models showed the highest values for height and limb length, and the lowest for weight, finger extension angle and some facial measures. On the basis of the present data, a possible mechanism by which the FMRP deficit impacts physical phenotype is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Z Loesch
- School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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