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Jones D, Moodie C, Purves RI, Fitzgerald N, Crockett R. Alcohol packaging as a promotional tool: A focus group study with young adult drinkers in Scotland. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Given the dearth of research on consumer perceptions of alcohol packaging as a marketing tool, with existing studies focused on children and adolescents, our aim was to explore how young adults view and engage with alcohol packaging.
Methods
Eight focus groups were conducted in Glasgow (Scotland) in September 2019 with young adult drinkers (n = 50), segmented by age (18-24, 25-35), gender (female, male) and social grade (ABC1, C2DE). Participants were shown, allowed to handle, and asked about, a range of alcoholic products. Data were analysed thematically using an inductive approach.
Results
Five main themes emerged from the data. The first was the ubiquity of alcohol packaging, with frequent exposure reported in different settings, such as shops and drinking venues, and via marketing. The second was appeal, with pack graphics (e.g. colour), structure (e.g. shape, size) and promotions (e.g. gifts, limited-editions) allowing alcohol packs to capture attention, enable products to stand out on shelves, and help create product and brand liking, interest and choice. Third, alcohol packaging was frequently associated with specific occasions and activities. Fourth, alcohol packaging informed perceptions of product-consumer targeting, suitability, and intended drinker profiles. Fifth, alcohol packaging also engaged non-visual senses, guiding expectations of product taste and palatability.
Conclusions
For young adult drinkers in Scotland, alcohol packaging can capture attention, create appeal, and help shape perceptions of the product, drinker and drinking experience.
Key messages
Alcohol packaging is a key marketing communications vehicle, which can attract attention, create product and brand liking, interest and choice, guide expectations, and influence purchasing decisions. Alcohol packaging conveys messages of consumer-product suitability and acceptability, helping to reinforce perceptions that alcohol is a desirable product via pack structure, graphics, and promotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jones
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - C Moodie
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - RI Purves
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - N Fitzgerald
- Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
- Spectrum Consortium, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R Crockett
- Psychology Department, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
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McIntyre M, Dixon M, Pucillo EM, DiBella D, Crockett R, Hung M, Bounsanga J, Butterfield RJ, Campbell C, Johnson NE. A longitudinal study of age equivalent receptive communication and performance on functional outcome measures in congenital myotonic dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.25770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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3
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Abstract
The impact of brush-like structure and disorder on the lubricating ability of dextran chains at low and high loads has been investigated by means of AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Goren
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N. D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology
- Department of Materials
- CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R. Crockett
- Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology
- CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
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4
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Abstract
To gain more information on the mechanism of lubrication in articular joints, the superficial layer of bovine articular cartilage was mechanically removed in a sheet of ice that formed on freezing the cartilage. Freeze-dried samples contained low concentrations of chondroitin sulphate and protein. Analysis of the protein by SDS PAGE showed that the composition of the sample was comparable to that of synovial fluid (SF). Attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy of the dried residue indicated that the sample contained mostly hyaluronan. Moreover, ATR-IR spectroscopy of the upper layer of the superficial layer, adsorbed onto silicon, showed the presence of phospholipids. A gel could be formed by mixing hyaluronan and phosphatidylcholine in water with mechanical properties similar to those of the superficial layer on cartilage. Much like the superficial layer of natural cartilage, the surface of this gel became hydrophobic on drying out. Thus, it is proposed that the superficial layer forms from hyaluronan and phospholipids, which associate by hydrophobic interactions between the alkyl chains of the phospholipids and the hydrophobic faces of the disaccharide units in hyaluronan. This layer is permeable to material from the SF and the cartilage, as shown by the presence of SF proteins and chondroitin sulphate. As the cartilage dries out after removal from the joint, the phospholipids migrate towards the surface of the superficial layer to reduce the surface tension. It is also proposed that the highly efficient lubrication in articular joints can, at least in part, be attributed to the ability of the superficial layer to adsorb and hold water on the cartilage surface, thus creating a highly viscous boundary protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Crockett
- Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Empa, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland.
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5
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Marteau TM, Dormandy E, Crockett R. Informed choice: why measuring behaviour is important. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90:546-7; author reply 546-7. [PMID: 15851446 PMCID: PMC1720398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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7
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Weir C, McCarthy C, Gohlinghorst S, Crockett R. Assessing the implementation process. Proc AMIA Symp 2000:908-12. [PMID: 11080016 PMCID: PMC2243919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS) has many benefits and could improve health care outcomes. Reaping these benefits, however, is dependent on successful implementation of a provider order entry system. The literature supports substantial evidence that even systems that are usable, effective and reliable have not been adopted by the intended users. A successful implementation may be substantially a function of the degree to which the processes of care have changed to adapt to the new system. To ensure successful implementation we suggest monitoring the implementation process itself. The purpose of this paper is to report the methodology we developed for assessing how successfully a provider order entry system is being implemented. We adopt a model of diffusion of information technology developed by Fichman (1994) and expanded by Ash (1997). In this model, diffusion is characterized be three categories, "breadth" (infusion) and "depth" (diffusion) and "quality" (appropriateness of use). In this paper we discuss the typology of diffusion and describe specific measures designed to measure infusion and diffusion of a hospital information system.
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Weir CR, Crockett R, Gohlinghorst S, McCarthy C. Does user satisfaction relate to adoption behavior?: an exploratory analysis using CPRS implementation. Proc AMIA Symp 2000:913-7. [PMID: 11080017 PMCID: PMC2243831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
User satisfaction is commonly assessed in evaluations of information systems as a proxy for user adoption. However few studies actually report directly assessing the relationship between the two constructs. In this study the relationship between four user satisfaction measures and five adoption behaviors were explored in the context of the implementation of the Veteran's Health Administration Computerized Patient Record System 1.0. Findings suggest that the relationship is modest and depends on the measurement system used. Specifically, direct reports of affect and judgements of specific task efficacy related to behavior more often than usability and a general user satisfaction instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Weir
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, USA
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9
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to review the radiologic manifestations of the hepatopulmonary syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed clinical records, chest radiographs, 99m Tc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA) perfusion lung scans, chest CT scans, and pulmonary angiograms of 10 patients with proven hepatopulmonary syndrome. RESULTS Chest radiographs showed basilar, medium-sized (1.5-3.0 mm) nodular or reticulonodular opacities in all cases. CT was done in eight cases and showed basilar dilatation of lung vessels with a larger than normal number of visible branches. The vascular basis for these opacities was best appreciated on conventional CT scans of 10-mm sections. No individual arteriovenous malformations were seen on CT scans. High-resolution CT scans showed no evidence of interstitial fibrosis. 99mTc-MAA perfusion lung imaging, done in seven patients, showed pulmonary arteriovenous shunting in five. Contrast echocardiography confirmed intrapulmonary shunting in these five patients. Pulmonary angiography, done in four cases, showed subtle distal vascular dilatation in two and moderate dilatation with early venous filling in two but did not reveal any individual arteriovenous malformations. CONCLUSION Chest radiographs in hepatopulmonary syndrome usually show bibasilar nodular or reticulonodular opacities. Conventional CT shows that these opacities represent dilated lung vessels. High-resolution CT is useful in excluding pulmonary fibrosis or emphysema as the cause of these opacities. 99mTc-MMA perfusion imaging or contrast echocardiography can be used to confirm intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunting.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P McAdams
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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10
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Abstract
Activated charcoal (AC) is most effective when administered soon after the ingestion of certain substances. Delays are recognized to occur at times in the administration of AC after arrival of poisoned patients in the emergency department (ED). In addition, it has been recognized that these delays may be avoided if AC administration is begun in selected patients by paramedics while en route to the ED. We present a pilot study evaluating the administration of AC to poisoned patients in the ambulance prior to arrival in the ED. We performed a retrospective review of Emergency Medical System (EMS) run sheets and ED records of poisoned patients during a 6-month period from two area hospitals. Cases were identified that met criteria for the prehospital administration of AC. Cases were divided into two groups: those who received prehospital AC, and those who did not. Groups were compared for ambulance transport time, time from first paramedic contact to AC administration, and whether AC was tolerated by the patient. A total of 14 patients received prehospital AC (group 1). This group was compared to 22 cases that would have qualified under County protocol to receive prehospital AC, but for whatever reason did not (group 2). Group 2 patients all received AC after arriving in the ED. Average ambulance transport times did not statistically differ among groups. The average time from first encounter with paramedics to administration of AC was 5.0 minutes when AC administration was given in the ambulance as compared to 51.4 minutes when delayed until arrival in the ED. Tolerance was similar among the groups. The time to initiate AC administration may be significantly shortened when begun by prehospital personnel. All EMS should consider including AC in protocols addressing the prehospital management of certain poisoned patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Crockett
- San Diego Regional Poison Center, California, USA
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11
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Seigneur M, Freyburger G, Gin H, Claverie M, Lardeau D, Lacape G, Le Moigne F, Crockett R, Boisseau MR. Serum fatty acid profiles in type I and type II diabetes: metabolic alterations of fatty acids of the main serum lipids. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1994; 23:169-77. [PMID: 7924877 DOI: 10.1016/0168-8227(94)90101-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid profiles of various lipid fractions were determined in carefully selected insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetics to assess relationships between serum fatty acid composition and type of diabetes. Clear-cut hypertriglyceridemia with slight hypercholesterolemia was found in both diabetic types. The decrease of lignoceric acid in sphingomyelin is the only alteration found in both types of diabetes. In the insulin-dependent diabetics, there were increases in levels of oleic acid and of alpha-linolenic acid in esterified cholesterol, and in levels of alpha-linolenic acid in the triglyceride fraction. In the non-insulin-dependent diabetics, there were increases in levels of oleic acid and total monounsaturated fatty acids in the triglyceride fraction and there was an increase in levels of saturated fatty acids and a decrease in levels of polyunsaturated acids in phosphatidylcholine; in sphingomyelin, dihomogamma-linoleic acid levels were enhanced. Arachidonic acid levels were normal in our patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seigneur
- Laboratoire d'Hémobiologie, Hôpital Cardiologique, Pessac-Bordeaux, France
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12
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Abstract
12(S)-HETE, a major lipoxygenase-derived compound from arachidonic acid is incorporated and metabolized by vascular smooth muscle cells via beta-oxidation. We have now identified for the first time in this cell type 12(S)-HETE metabolites formed by a combination of reductase and oxidation pathways. HPLC and GC-MS analysis of time-course experiments allow us to characterize two different metabolic pathways: a direct peroxisomal beta-oxidation of 12(S)-HETE leading to the formation of 16:3 (8-OH) which accumulates first and a reduction of one of the conjugated double bonds of 12(S)-HETE giving the dihydro-intermediate 20:3(12-OH) that transiently accumulates before being converted itself by peroxisomal beta-oxidation to 16:2(8-OH). Taken together these results may suggest that the transient accumulation of 20:3(12-OH) through transcellular metabolism of 12(S)-HETE may represent a part of the modulatory effect of 12(S)-HETE on vascular function.
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MESH Headings
- 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/cytology
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
- Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids/metabolism
- Lipids/isolation & purification
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Phospholipids/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lacape
- Unite 8 de Cardiologie INSERM, Pessac, France
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13
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Steenken S, Sundquist AR, Jovanovic SV, Crockett R, Sies H. Antioxidant activity of the pyridoindole stobadine. Pulse radiolytic characterization of one-electron-oxidized stobadine and quenching of singlet molecular oxygen. Chem Res Toxicol 1992; 5:355-60. [PMID: 1504258 DOI: 10.1021/tx00027a006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant properties of stobadine, a pyridoindole derivative described to exhibit cardioprotective properties, were characterized. The radical scavenging potential of stobadine was evaluated using pulse radiolysis with optical detection, by which it is shown that one-electron oxidation of stobadine with radicals such as C6H5O., CCl3O2., Br2.-, and HO. (reaction rate constants approximately 5 x 10(8)-10(10) M-1 s-1) leads to the radical cation (absorbance maxima at 280 and 445 nm) which deprotonates from the indolic nitrogen (pKa = 5.0) to give a nitrogen-centered radical (absorbance maxima at 275, 335, and 410 nm), probably bearing a positive charge at the pyrido nitrogen. The radical of stobadine reacts with Trolox (i.e., 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-chromane-2-carboxylic acid) with a rate constant of 1.2 x 10(7) M-1 s-1 at pH 7.0 by one-electron oxidation to yield the phenoxyl-type radical of Trolox. This reaction is reversible (k = 2 x 10(5) M-1 s-1). The redox potential of stobadine at pH 7 is 0.58 V/NHE. Stobadine is also a quencher of singlet molecular oxygen (1O2) with an overall quenching rate constant of 1.3 x 10(8) M-1 s-1, determined with the endoperoxide of 3,3'-(1,4-naphthylene)dipropionate (NDPO2) as 1O2 source and by monitoring 1O2 photoemission with a germanium diode.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Steenken
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie I, Universität Düsseldorf, Germany
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14
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Bernadet P, Bonnet J, Couffinhal T, Tourtoulou V, Benchimol D, Drouillet F, Crockett R, Bricaud H. Evaluation of plasmatic leucocyte elastase levels in coronary artery disease. Jpn Heart J 1992; 33:159-68. [PMID: 1375665 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.33.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Leucocyte elastase may be involved in the structural modification observed in the atherosclerotic process. Therefore, we tested the usefulness of leucocyte elastase plasma level determination as a marker for atherosclerosis. Plasma levels of elastase were determined by ELISA in 100 consecutive patients (mean age 56 +/- 9.8 years) admitted to hospital for coronary angiographic investigation of chest pain. Eighty-seven patients had evidence of atherosclerosis, and 13 patients had normal coronary vessels. No significant difference in leucocyte elastase was found between the 2 groups, nor was there any relationship between elastase levels and the severity of atherosclerosis. However, relationships between plasma leucocyte elastase levels and various lipid fractions (Apo AI, LDL) and daily tobacco consumption were found. Leucocyte elastase may thus play a role not only by direct modification of the vessel wall, but also indirectly via risk factors such as dyslipoproteinemia and leucocyte toxicity.
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Bonnet J, Garderes PE, Aumailley M, Moreau C, Gouverneur G, Benchimol D, Crockett R, Larrue J, Bricaud H. Serum type III procollagen peptide levels in coronary artery disease (a marker of atherosclerosis). Eur J Clin Invest 1988; 18:18-21. [PMID: 3130254 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1988.tb01159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The known shift in collagen synthesis from procollagen type I to type III in patients with atherosclerosis, suggested measurement of serum procollagen III peptide (PIIIP) levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Two groups of patients were studied: group I--thirty-six patients with CAD (male, mean age 56.9 +/- 7.5 years, hospitalized for coronary angiography. Risk factors included 16 patients with high blood pressure, four diabetics, 31 smokers and 15 with hypercholesterolaemia. Five patients had no significant lesions, seven had one vessel with over 50% stenosis, 10 had two vessels and 14 had three vessels. Group II--35 patients (male, mean age 39.4 +/- 13.3 years), with normal physical examination and ECG according to WHO criteria, formed the control group: the risk factors included nine patients with high blood pressure, 14 smokers and one with hypercholesterolaemia. Procollagen III peptide levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. In group I, PIIIP levels were 26.8 +/- 16 ng ml-1 vs. 10.4 +/- 3.2 for group II. Sixty-one per cent of group I had pathological levels of PIIIP with an absence of correlation with the severity of atherosclerosis or risk factors. Only 2.8% of patients in group II had pathological levels. Procollagen III peptide determination would appear to be a sensitive, specific and predictive test for atherosclerosis in patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bonnet
- INSERM U8 Cardiologie, Pessac, France
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16
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Bonnet J, Aumailley M, Gardères PE, Benchimol D, Moreau C, Brottier L, St Mézard G, Crockett R, Larrue J, Bricaud H. [Metabolism of collagen in coronary patients]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1987; 80:1577-84. [PMID: 3128200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The alterations observed in connective tissue of the arterial wall and dermis in atherosclerosis incited us to investigate collagen metabolism in patients with coronary disease. We first studied collagen metabolism in fibroblast cultures, then measured serum levels of type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide. Fibroblast collagen metabolism was investigated in 12 consecutive patients of less than 45 years of age presenting with coronary disease and coronary atherosclerosis was found to be preserved in patients with atherosclerosis, but less type III type I procollagen was synthesized (14.6 +/- 6.6% versus 22.3 +/- 4.3%). This abnormality, found in 83% of our coronary patients, seemed to be unrelated to risk factors or to the severity of atherosclerosis. Serum type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide was assayed comparatively in 36 patients with coronary atherosclerosis confirmed at coronary-ventriculography and in 35 patients free from coronary disease as defined by the W.H.O. criteria. Serum levels of this peptide were significantly higher in patients with coronary atherosclerosis (26.76 +/- 16 ng/ml) than in controls (10.43 +/- 3.18 ng/ml). 61% of coronary patients had a peptide level higher than the normal value (17 ng/ml). No correlation was found between this rise in type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide and the severity of coronary lesions or the importance of risk factors. Thus, collagen metabolism is altered in coronary patients, and this alteration can be detected by a peripheral marker. However, the use of this marker to diagnose the presence or evaluate the course of atherosclerosis requires clarification.
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Slapak M, Geoghegan T, Digard N, Ahmed K, Sharman VL, Crockett R. The use of low-dose cyclosporine A in combination with azathioprine and steroids in renal transplantation. Transplant Proc 1987; 19:41-5. [PMID: 3551255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
Urinary gamma glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), renal tubular brush border enzymes, have been shown to be sensitive indicators of renal tubular functions. This study documents circadian rhythms in the urinary activity of GGT and LAP, statistically validated and quantified by the cosinor method, in 15 male Wistar rats standardized to a LD 12:12 illumination schedule (light from 0800 hr to 2000 hr) and fed ad libitum. The acrophase of the circadian rhythms in urinary GGT and LAP activity occurred at the end of the rest span of the animals: between 1730 and 1915 for GGT (depending on the mode of expression of the activity) and between 1700 and 1910 for LAP. Of striking resemblance in their timing, both these rhythms were also of large amplitude (about 50% of the mesor for urinary GGT activity and about 45% for LAP one). The circadian acrophases of urinary GGT and LAP activity led in timing the circadian rhythms in urine volume and creatinine excretion by about 13 hr. Such findings consistent with the circadian variations found by other investigators in GGT in kidney homogenates or in LAP in human urine thus reflect a periodicity in renal tubular function. The reasons for these circadian variations, still unknown at this time, are discussed. The influence recently demonstrated of the hormonal context on protein and enzyme synthesis at the tubule, and its phase relations to urinary enzyme excretion emphasize how much the circadian rhythm in urinary GGT and LAP activity is well included in the murine time structure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Cal
- Groupe d'Etude de Physiologie et Physiopathologie Rénales, Faculté de Pharmacie, Bordeaux, France
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19
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Saux MC, Fourtillan JB, Crockett R, Couraud L. [Pulmonary diffusion of netilmicin]. Therapie 1986; 41:185-9. [PMID: 3750257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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20
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Saux MC, Crockett R, Fourtillan JB, Leng B, Couraud L. [Diffusion of amikacin in the lungs]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1986; 34:113-7. [PMID: 3517776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The authors report their findings on amikacin concentrations in serum and in the lungs, its diffusion in the parenchyma of the lungs--evaluated from the ratio tissue/serum concentrations, and they also compare their results with those registered during a study on dibekacin, tobramycin and netilmicin, designed according to the same protocol. Ten patients with bronchial carcinoma who had to undergo chirurgical excision, received 5 IM injections at 12-hourly intervals. The dose administrated at each injection was 7.5 mg/kg. The assay of amikacin was realized by HPLC. Serum concentrations at the presumed peak (17 micrograms/ml) and 12 hours after that were somewhat lower than those reported by other authors. The mean tissue concentrations 2 h 20 min. after the last injection were 14,95 +/- 4,52 micrograms/g in the normal parenchyma, and 16,18 +/- 3,67 micrograms/g in the pathological parenchyma. The ratio concentrations in the tissues and in serum were comparable for both the normal and pathological parenchyma. Compared to dibekacin, tobramycin and netilmicin, this study confirms the large distribution of the aminoglycosides in the lung parenchyma. The behaviour of dibekacin and tobramycin with regard to the pathological parenchyma is rather comparable; netilmicin better penetrates into the normal parenchyma, and the diffusion of amikacin is parallel for both the normal and pathological tissues.
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21
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Soldati L, Crockett R, Carrigan JM, Leisinger T, Holloway BW, Haas D. Revised locations of the hisI and pru (proline utilization) genes on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa chromosome map. Mol Gen Genet 1984; 193:431-6. [PMID: 6423932 DOI: 10.1007/bf00382080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The location of genes in the vicinity of the major FP2 origin on the chromosome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO has been revised. The markers hisI (a transduction group of histidine biosynthetic genes) and pru (a gene cluster encoding proline utilization functions) were located in the 90 to 95/0 min chromosome region by a series of plate matings mediated by R68.45. Three-factor-crosses using this plasmid established the following marker order: pur-67 pru hisI/cys-59 proB ilvB/C. Genetic evidence is presented to confirm the previous observations that FP2 can mobilize the chromosome from at least two origins near proB and in both directions. Thus, when markers in this chromosome region are analyzed by FP2 crosses only, the mapping data may be difficult to interpret. This complication can be overcome by the use of R68.45 and Tfr (transposon-facilitated recombination) or Hfr donors.
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22
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Couzigou P, Fleury B, Crockett R, Rautou JJ, Blanchard P, Lemoine F, Richard-Molard B, Amouretti M, Béraud C. High density lipoprotein cholesterol and apoprotein A1 in healthy volunteers during long-term moderate alcohol intake. Ann Nutr Metab 1984; 28:377-84. [PMID: 6595959 DOI: 10.1159/000176849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower cardiovascular mortality. The effect of moderate alcohol intake during 5 weeks on lipoproteins, especially on the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol total (of which the levels are inversely predictive of coronary heart disease) and apoproteins A, A1 and B, was studied in 7 normal men. HDL cholesterol total appreciated by the heparin manganese precipitation method and phosphotungstate magnesium method increased (p less than 0.01) during alcohol consumption. The composition of HDL was modified by alcohol consumption: increase of the esterified/total cholesterol ratio (p less than 0.05) and phospholipids (p less than 0.05) without significant modification of triglycerides. Low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein did not vary significantly. Apoprotein A1 increased during alcohol consumption (p less than 0.05) with a transitory increase of apoprotein A. There was no significant modification of apoprotein B.
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23
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Cambar J, Toussaint C, Le Moigne F, Cales P, Crockett R. [Circadian rhythms in rat and mouse urinary electrolytes and nitrogen derivatives excretion (author's transl)]. J Physiol (Paris) 1981; 77:887-90. [PMID: 7341766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study considers circadian rhythms of excretion of six solutes in the urine of 40 rats and 100 mice collected during eight consecutive, six-hour long periods. 1. The different chronograms evidence significant diurnal variations in water, sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine and proteins excretion of the two rodent urines. To compare easily the circadian variations in rat and mouse (with very marked differences in excretion intensities), the value of each urinary solute for each six-hour period is given as a percent of the total 24 hours excretion. 2. Daily excretion represents only 34 to 44% of the total 24 hour excretion. 3. These variations are exactly reproduced on the two consecutive days. 4. Chronogram drawings of the circadian variations of these six urinary solutes are very comparable in each rodent. 5. Moreover, these circadian variations in excretion are very similar, when compared in rat and mouse; the difference between homologous values in the two rodents is less than 2% in 2/3 of the cases.
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Casahoursat L, Bildet J, Saux MC, Crockett R. [The flow of powders: effect of the nature and form of the flow cone]. Farmaco Prat 1979; 34:509-22. [PMID: 553810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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25
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Le Rebeller MJ, Crockett R, Maurain C, Sirieix F. [Study of the composition of aqueous humor in normal subjects by means of automatic analytical technics]. Arch Ophtalmol (Paris) 1976; 36:749-64. [PMID: 140647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Five new constituents in the aqueous humour were measured as part of a study on the constitution of the aqueous in normal subjects; urea, glucose, phosphorus, calcium and the carbonates and bicarbonates representing the alkaline reserve. Each of these constituents were measured by an automatic method using the Technicon auto-analyser, a similar sample of aqueous humour serving in some cases for simultaneous measurement of several constituents. The principles of the reaction, the Manifold used and the results obtained are reported for each of these. The latter were studied more particularly as a function of age on the one part and also a function of the serum levels of the same constituent. This simultaneous study establishes a relationship between the aqueous humor and the plasma which is compared with preceding reports in the literature and with results obtained more often in animals. Several important physiological and physiopathological considerations arise from these findings.
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26
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Rabaud M, Crockett R, Bricaud H. [Improvements in the technical conditions for the evaluation of an elastolytic activity. The role of tryspin as an activator (author's transl)]. Clin Chim Acta 1975; 61:257-63. [PMID: 238767 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(75)90415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An isotopic assay of elastolytic activity is performed; the iodine-125 ions retained inside the elastin framework were removed by appropriate treatment. This acute substrate enables us to study the role of trypsin on elastase activity and facilitates the study of elastase role in atherosclerosis.
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Bessiere E, Le Rebeller MJ, Crockett R, Maurain C. [Measurement of ascorbic acid in the aqueous humor of normal subjects and in patients with cataract]. Bull Soc Ophtalmol Fr 1975; 75:41-6. [PMID: 1204148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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28
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Chavoix P, Siriex F, Crockett R, Battin J. [Essential familial hyperlipemia type I. Apropos of a case]. Pediatrie 1974; 29:205-6. [PMID: 4845053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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29
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Bessiere E, Crockett R, Le Rebeller MJ, Maurain C, Grenie D. [Chemical methods for quantitative analysis of normal aqueous humour]. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 1973; 187:273-88. [PMID: 4541978 DOI: 10.1007/bf00414441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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30
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Bessière E, Crockett R, Le Rebeller MJ, Maurain C, Grenie D. [Chemical methods of normal aqueous humor determination]. Arch Ophtalmol Rev Gen Ophtalmol 1972; 32:227-40. [PMID: 4263266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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31
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Pautrizel R, Priore A, Dallochio M, Crockett R. [Action of electromagnetic waves and magnetic fields on the lipid modifications induced in the rabbit by the administration of a hypercholesterol diet]. C R Acad Hebd Seances Acad Sci D 1972; 274:488-91. [PMID: 4621935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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32
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Moretti G, Staeffen J, Ferrer J, Ballan P, Moulinier J, Roques JC, Broustet A, Crockett R, Grenié D. [Leukocyte count in normal blood by DNA determination. A simple and precise technic]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1971; 19:679-88. [PMID: 4933631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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33
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Roger P, Crockett R, Luc G, Lespinasse F, Rivière J. [Some biological aspects of obesity]. Bord Med 1970; 3:721-30. [PMID: 5422377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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34
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Coustou F, Crockett R, Fontan F, Dubourg G, Dulong de Rosnay H. [Aortic valve homografts. Organization of a bank]. Ann Chir Thorac Cardiovasc 1968; 7:539-41. [PMID: 5758336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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35
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Bricaud H, Crockett R, Dallocchio M, Colin JM, Villeneuve J. [Enzymes and ischemic cardiopathy]. Coeur Med Interne 1967; 6:335-45. [PMID: 5607131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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36
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Dallocchio M, Crockett R, Razaka G, Gandji FA, Bricaud H, Pautrizel R, Broustet P. Enzymatic Activity of the Serum and the Aortic Wall in Animals Immunized by Homologous and Heterologous Aortic Extracts. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 1967. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7796-2_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Broustet P, Dallocchio M, Crockett R, Bricaud H. [Trial of a synthetic heparinoid in the treatment of atherogenic dyslipemia]. Gaz Med Fr 1965; 72:3513-7. [PMID: 4159547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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38
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Mesnard P, Crockett R. [Antidiabetic chemotherapy with sulfonamides]. Prod Pharm 1958; 13:499-508. [PMID: 13601945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
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