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Peirce J, Sandland G, Bennie B, Erickson R. An integral projection model for gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) utilizing density-dependent age-0 survival. Ecol Modell 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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2
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Tang MT, Keir ME, Erickson R, Stefanich EG, Fuh FK, Ramirez‐Montagut T, McBride JM, Danilenko DM. Review article: nonclinical and clinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of etrolizumab, an anti-β7 integrin therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:1440-1452. [PMID: 29601644 PMCID: PMC6001693 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel treatments with superior benefit-risk profiles are needed to improve the long-term prognosis of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Etrolizumab-a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets β7 integrins-is currently under phase III clinical evaluation in IBD. AIM This review summarises the available pharmacological and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data for etrolizumab to provide a comprehensive understanding of its mechanism of action (MOA) and pharmacological effects. METHODS Published and internal unpublished data from nonclinical and clinical studies with etrolizumab are reviewed. RESULTS Etrolizumab exerts its effect via a unique dual MOA that inhibits both leucocyte trafficking to the intestinal mucosa and retention within the intestinal epithelial layer. The gut-selectivity of etrolizumab results from its specific targeting of the β7 subunit of α4β7 and αEβ7 integrins. Etrolizumab does not bind to α4β1 integrin, which mediates lymphocyte trafficking to tissues including the central nervous system, a characteristic underlying its favourable safety with regard to progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy. Phase I/II studies in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) showed linear pharmacokinetics when etrolizumab was administered subcutaneously at 100 mg or higher once every 4 weeks. This dose was sufficient to enable full β7 receptor occupancy in both blood and intestinal tissues of patients with moderate to severe UC. The phase II study results also suggested that patients with elevated intestinal expression of αE integrin may have an increased likelihood of clinical remission in response to etrolizumab treatment. CONCLUSION Etrolizumab is a gut-selective, anti-β7 integrin monoclonal antibody that may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. T. Tang
- Research and Early DevelopmentGenentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCAUSA
| | - M. E. Keir
- Research and Early DevelopmentGenentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCAUSA
| | - R. Erickson
- Research and Early DevelopmentGenentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCAUSA
| | - E. G. Stefanich
- Research and Early DevelopmentGenentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCAUSA
| | - F. K. Fuh
- Research and Early DevelopmentGenentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCAUSA
| | | | - J. M. McBride
- Research and Early DevelopmentGenentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCAUSA
| | - D. M. Danilenko
- Research and Early DevelopmentGenentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCAUSA
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Stavropoulos DJ, Merico D, Jobling R, Bowdin S, Monfared N, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Nalpathamkalam T, Pellecchia G, Yuen RKC, Szego MJ, Hayeems RZ, Shaul RZ, Brudno M, Girdea M, Frey B, Alipanahi B, Ahmed S, Babul-Hirji R, Porras RB, Carter MT, Chad L, Chaudhry A, Chitayat D, Doust SJ, Cytrynbaum C, Dupuis L, Ejaz R, Fishman L, Guerin A, Hashemi B, Helal M, Hewson S, Inbar-Feigenberg M, Kannu P, Karp N, Kim R, Kronick J, Liston E, MacDonald H, Mercimek-Mahmutoglu S, Mendoza-Londono R, Nasr E, Nimmo G, Parkinson N, Quercia N, Raiman J, Roifman M, Schulze A, Shugar A, Shuman C, Sinajon P, Siriwardena K, Weksberg R, Yoon G, Carew C, Erickson R, Leach RA, Klein R, Ray PN, Meyn MS, Scherer SW, Cohn RD, Marshall CR. Whole Genome Sequencing Expands Diagnostic Utility and Improves Clinical Management in Pediatric Medicine. NPJ Genom Med 2016; 1. [PMID: 28567303 PMCID: PMC5447450 DOI: 10.1038/npjgenmed.2015.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard of care for first-tier clinical investigation of the etiology of congenital malformations and neurodevelopmental disorders is chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) for copy number variations (CNVs), often followed by gene(s)-specific sequencing searching for smaller insertion-deletions (indels) and single nucleotide variant (SNV) mutations. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has the potential to capture all classes of genetic variation in one experiment; however, the diagnostic yield for mutation detection of WGS compared to CMA, and other tests, needs to be established. In a prospective study we utilized WGS and comprehensive medical annotation to assess 100 patients referred to a paediatric genetics service and compared the diagnostic yield versus standard genetic testing. WGS identified genetic variants meeting clinical diagnostic criteria in 34% of cases, representing a 4-fold increase in diagnostic rate over CMA (8%) (p-value = 1.42e-05) alone and >2-fold increase in CMA plus targeted gene sequencing (13%) (p-value = 0.0009). WGS identified all rare clinically significant CNVs that were detected by CMA. In 26 patients, WGS revealed indel and missense mutations presenting in a dominant (63%) or a recessive (37%) manner. We found four subjects with mutations in at least two genes associated with distinct genetic disorders, including two cases harboring a pathogenic CNV and SNV. When considering medically actionable secondary findings in addition to primary WGS findings, 38% of patients would benefit from genetic counseling. Clinical implementation of WGS as a primary test will provide a higher diagnostic yield than conventional genetic testing and potentially reduce the time required to reach a genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri J Stavropoulos
- Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniele Merico
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebekah Jobling
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Bowdin
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Genetic Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nasim Monfared
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Genetic Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bhooma Thiruvahindrapuram
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Nalpathamkalam
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giovanna Pellecchia
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan K C Yuen
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J Szego
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Joint Centre for Bioethics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine and Clinical Public Health Division, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Z Hayeems
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Randi Zlotnik Shaul
- Joint Centre for Bioethics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Bioethics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Brudno
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Computational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marta Girdea
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Computational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brendan Frey
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Babak Alipanahi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sohnee Ahmed
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Riyana Babul-Hirji
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ramses Badilla Porras
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa T Carter
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren Chad
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ayeshah Chaudhry
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Chitayat
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Soghra Jougheh Doust
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl Cytrynbaum
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucie Dupuis
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Resham Ejaz
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leona Fishman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Guerin
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bita Hashemi
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mayada Helal
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stacy Hewson
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michal Inbar-Feigenberg
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Kannu
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natalya Karp
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raymond Kim
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Kronick
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eriskay Liston
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heather MacDonald
- Ophthalmology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saadet Mercimek-Mahmutoglu
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roberto Mendoza-Londono
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Enas Nasr
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graeme Nimmo
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole Parkinson
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nada Quercia
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julian Raiman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maian Roifman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andreas Schulze
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Shugar
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl Shuman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pierre Sinajon
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Komudi Siriwardena
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grace Yoon
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chris Carew
- Centre for Genetic Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Robert Klein
- Complete Genomics Inc, Mountain View, California, USA
| | - Peter N Ray
- Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Genetic Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Stephen Meyn
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Genetic Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Genetic Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronald D Cohn
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Genetic Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christian R Marshall
- Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Genetic Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Marshall CR, Stavropoulos DJ, Jobling R, Merico D, Bowdin S, Monfared N, Meyn MS, Szego M, Shaul RZ, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Pellecchia G, Nalpathamkalam T, Brudno M, Girdea M, Hayeems RZ, Carew C, Erickson R, Leach RA, Shuman C, Ray PN, Cohn RD, Scherer SW. MG-132 Diagnostic utility of whole genome sequencing in paediatric medicine. J Med Genet 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103578.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Troyk PR, Bradley D, Bak M, Cogan S, Erickson R, Hu Z, Kufta C, McCreery D, Schmidt E, Sung S, Towle V. Intracortical visual prosthesis research - approach and progress. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2005:7376-9. [PMID: 17281985 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Following the early work of Brindley in the late 1960's, the NIH began intramural and extramural funding for stimulation of the primary visual coretex using fine-wire electrodes that are inserted into area VI for the prupose of restoring vision in individuals with blindness. More recently researchers with experience in this projectbecame part of our multi-institutional team with the intention to identify and close technological gaps so that the intracortical approach might be tested in humans on a chronic basis. Our team has formulated an approach for testing a prototype system in a human volunteer. Here, we describe our progress and expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Troyk
- Pritzker Inst Biomed Sci & Eng, Illinois Institute Technology, Chicago, Il
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Stefanich EG, Danilenko DM, Wang H, O'Byrne S, Erickson R, Gelzleichter T, Hiraragi H, Chiu H, Ivelja S, Jeet S, Gadkari S, Hwang O, Fuh F, Looney C, Howell K, Albert V, Balazs M, Refino C, Fong S, Iyer S, Williams M. A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the β7 integrin selectively blocks intestinal homing of T lymphocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162:1855-70. [PMID: 21232034 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE rhuMAb Beta7 is a humanized anti-human β7 monoclonal antibody currently in phase I in inflammatory bowel disease. rhuMAb Beta7 binds the β7 subunit of the integrins α4β7 and αEβ7, blocking interaction with their ligands. These integrins play key roles in immune cell homing to and retention in mucosal sites, and are associated with chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The goal of this study was to evaluate the mucosal specificity of rhuMAb Beta7. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We assessed the effect of murine anti-Beta7 on lymphocyte homing in mouse models of autoimmune disease. We also compared the effect of rhuMAb Beta7 on circulating mucosal-homing versus peripheral-homing T cells in naïve non-human primates. KEY RESULTS In cynomolgus monkeys, occupancy of β7 integrin receptors by rhuMAb Beta7 correlated with an increase in circulating β7(+) mucosal-homing lymphocytes, with no apparent effect on levels of circulating β7(-) peripheral-homing lymphocytes. rhuMAb Beta7 also inhibited lymphocyte homing to the inflamed colons of severe combined immunodeficient mice in CD45RB(high) CD4(+) T-cell transfer models. Consistent with a lack of effect on peripheral homing, in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, anti-β7 treatment resulted in no amelioration of CNS inflammation. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results presented here suggest that rhuMAb Beta7 selectively blocks lymphocyte homing to the gastrointestinal tract without affecting lymphocyte trafficking to non-mucosal tissues. rhuMAb Beta7 provides a targeted therapeutic approach with the potential for a more attractive benefit:risk ratio than currently available inflammatory bowel disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Stefanich
- Department of Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Fairbrother W, Wong H, Budha N, Blackwood B, Gould S, Erickson R, LoRusso P, Eckhardt S, Wagner A, Chan I. 82 Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modeling of the effect of GDC-0152, a selective antagonist of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins, on monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) indicates species differences in MCP-1 response. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71787-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Aubert B, Bona M, Karyotakis Y, Lees JP, Poireau V, Prencipe E, Prudent X, Tisserand V, Garra Tico J, Grauges E, Lopez L, Palano A, Pappagallo M, Eigen G, Stugu B, Sun L, Abrams GS, Battaglia M, Brown DN, Cahn RN, Jacobsen RG, Kerth LT, Kolomensky YG, Lynch G, Osipenkov IL, Ronan MT, Tackmann K, Tanabe T, Hawkes CM, Soni N, Watson AT, Koch H, Schroeder T, Walker D, Asgeirsson DJ, Fulsom BG, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, Barrett M, Khan A, Blinov VE, Bukin AD, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Bondioli M, Curry S, Eschrich I, Kirkby D, Lankford AJ, Lund P, Mandelkern M, Martin EC, Stoker DP, Abachi S, Buchanan C, Gary JW, Liu F, Long O, Shen BC, Vitug GM, Yasin Z, Zhang L, Sharma V, Campagnari C, Hong TM, Kovalskyi D, Mazur MA, Richman JD, Beck TW, Eisner AM, Flacco CJ, Heusch CA, Kroseberg J, Lockman WS, Martinez AJ, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Seiden A, Wilson MG, Winstrom LO, Cheng CH, Doll DA, Echenard B, Fang F, Hitlin DG, Narsky I, Piatenko T, Porter FC, Andreassen R, Mancinelli G, Meadows BT, Mishra K, Sokoloff MD, Bloom PC, Ford WT, Gaz A, Hirschauer JF, Nagel M, Nauenberg U, Smith JG, Ulmer KA, Wagner SR, Ayad R, Soffer A, Toki WH, Wilson RJ, Altenburg DD, Feltresi E, Hauke A, Jasper H, Karbach M, Merkel J, Petzold A, Spaan B, Wacker K, Kobel MJ, Mader WF, Nogowski R, Schubert KR, Schwierz R, Volk A, Bernard D, Bonneaud GR, Latour E, Verderi M, Clark PJ, Playfer S, Watson JE, Andreotti M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cecchi A, Cibinetto G, Franchini P, Luppi E, Negrini M, Petrella A, Piemontese L, Santoro V, Baldini-Ferroli R, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Pacetti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rama M, Zallo A, Buzzo A, Contri R, Lo Vetere M, Macri MM, Monge MR, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Robutti E, Santroni A, Tosi S, Chaisanguanthum KS, Morii M, Adametz A, Marks J, Schenk S, Uwer U, Klose V, Lacker HM, Bard DJ, Dauncey PD, Nash JA, Tibbetts M, Behera PK, Chai X, Charles MJ, Mallik U, Cochran J, Crawley HB, Dong L, Meyer WT, Prell S, Rosenberg EI, Rubin AE, Gao YY, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Lae CK, Arnaud N, Béquilleux J, D'Orazio A, Davier M, Firmino da Costa J, Grosdidier G, Höcker A, Lepeltier V, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Pruvot S, Roudeau P, Schune MH, Serrano J, Sordini V, Stocchi A, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Bingham I, Burke JP, Chavez CA, Fry JR, Gabathuler E, Gamet R, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Clarke CK, George KA, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Sigamani M, Cowan G, Flaecher HU, Hopkins DA, Paramesvaran S, Salvatore F, Wren AC, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Fritsch M, Gradl W, Schott G, Alwyn KE, Bailey D, Barlow RJ, Chia YM, Edgar CL, Jackson G, Lafferty GD, West TJ, Yi JI, Anderson J, Chen C, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Simi G, Tuggle JM, Dallapiccola C, Li X, Salvati E, Saremi S, Cowan R, Dujmic D, Fisher PH, Sciolla G, Spitznagel M, Taylor F, Yamamoto RK, Zhao M, Patel PM, Robertson SH, Lazzaro A, Lombardo V, Palombo F, Bauer JM, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Kroeger R, Sanders DA, Summers DJ, Zhao HW, Simard M, Taras P, Viaud FB, Nicholson H, De Nardo G, Lista L, Monorchio D, Onorato G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Snoek HL, Jessop CP, Knoepfel KJ, Losecco JM, Wang WF, Benelli G, Corwin LA, Honscheid K, Kagan H, Kass R, Morris JP, Rahimi AM, Regensburger JJ, Sekula SJ, Wong QK, Blount NL, Brau J, Frey R, Igonkina O, Kolb JA, Lu M, Rahmat R, Sinev NB, Strom D, Strube J, Torrence E, Castelli G, Gagliardi N, Margoni M, Morandin M, Posocco M, Rotondo M, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Voci C, Del Amo Sanchez P, Ben-Haim E, Briand H, Calderini G, Chauveau J, David P, Del Buono L, Hamon O, Leruste P, Ocariz J, Perez A, Prendki J, Sitt S, Gladney L, Biasini M, Covarelli R, Manoni E, Angelini C, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Cervelli A, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Marchiori G, Morganti M, Neri N, Paoloni E, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Lopes Pegna D, Lu C, Olsen J, Smith AJS, Telnov AV, Anulli F, Baracchini E, Cavoto G, Del Re D, Di Marco E, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Gaspero M, Jackson PD, Li Gioi L, Mazzoni MA, Morganti S, Piredda G, Polci F, Renga F, Voena C, Ebert M, Hartmann T, Schröder H, Waldi R, Adye T, Franek B, Olaiya EO, Wilson FF, Emery S, Escalier M, Esteve L, Ganzhur SF, Hamel de Monchenault G, Kozanecki W, Vasseur G, Yèche C, Zito M, Chen XR, Liu H, Park W, Purohit MV, White RM, Wilson JR, Allen MT, Aston D, Bartoldus R, Bechtle P, Benitez JF, Bertsche K, Cai Y, Cenci R, Coleman JP, Convery MR, Decker FJ, Dingfelder JC, Dorfan J, Dubois-Felsmann GP, Dunwoodie W, Ecklund S, Erickson R, Field RC, Fisher A, Fox J, Gabareen AM, Gowdy SJ, Graham MT, Grenier P, Hast C, Innes WR, Iverson R, Kaminski J, Kelsey MH, Kim H, Kim P, Kocian ML, Kulikov A, Leith DWGS, Li S, Lindquist B, Luitz S, Luth V, Lynch HL, Macfarlane DB, Marsiske H, Messner R, Muller DR, Neal H, Nelson S, Novokhatski A, O'Grady CP, Ofte I, Perazzo A, Perl M, Ratcliff BN, Rivetta C, Roodman A, Salnikov AA, Schindler RH, Schwiening J, Seeman J, Snyder A, Su D, Sullivan MK, Suzuki K, Swain SK, Thompson JM, Va'vra J, Van Winkle D, Wagner AP, Weaver M, West CA, Wienands U, Wisniewski WJ, Wittgen M, Wittmer W, Wright DH, Wulsin HW, Yan Y, Yarritu AK, Yi K, Yocky G, Young CC, Ziegler V, Burchat PR, Edwards AJ, Majewski SA, Miyashita TS, Petersen BA, Wilden L, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Pan B, Saeed MA, Zain SB, Spanier SM, Wogsland BJ, Eckmann R, Ritchie JL, Ruland AM, Schilling CJ, Schwitters RF, Drummond BW, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, Gamba D, Pelliccioni M, Bomben M, Bosisio L, Cartaro C, Della Ricca G, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Azzolini V, Lopez-March N, Martinez-Vidal F, Milanes DA, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Banerjee S, Bhuyan B, Choi HHF, Hamano K, Kowalewski R, Lewczuk MJ, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Ilic J, Latham TE, Mohanty GB, Band HR, Chen X, Dasu S, Flood KT, Pan Y, Pierini M, Prepost R, Vuosalo CO, Wu SL. Measurement of the e;{+}e;{-}-->bb[over ] Cross Section between sqrt[s]=10.54 and 11.20 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:012001. [PMID: 19257181 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.012001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report e;{+}e;{-}-->bb[over ] cross section measurements by the BABAR experiment performed during an energy scan in the range of 10.54 to 11.20 GeV at the SLAC PEP-II e;{+}e;{-} collider. A total relative error of about 5% is reached in more than 300 center-of-mass energy steps, separated by about 5 MeV. These measurements can be used to derive precise information on the parameters of the Upsilon(10860) and Upsilon(11020) resonances. In particular we show that their widths may be smaller than previously measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aubert
- Laboratoire de Physique des Particules, IN2P3/CNRS et Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
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Aubert B, Bona M, Karyotakis Y, Lees JP, Poireau V, Prencipe E, Prudent X, Tisserand V, Garra Tico J, Grauges E, Lopez L, Palano A, Pappagallo M, Eigen G, Stugu B, Sun L, Abrams GS, Battaglia M, Brown DN, Cahn RN, Jacobsen RG, Kerth LT, Kolomensky YG, Lynch G, Osipenkov IL, Ronan MT, Tackmann K, Tanabe T, Hawkes CM, Soni N, Watson AT, Koch H, Schroeder T, Walker D, Asgeirsson DJ, Fulsom BG, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, Barrett M, Khan A, Blinov VE, Bukin AD, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Bondioli M, Curry S, Eschrich I, Kirkby D, Lankford AJ, Lund P, Mandelkern M, Martin EC, Stoker DP, Abachi S, Buchanan C, Gary JW, Liu F, Long O, Shen BC, Vitug GM, Yasin Z, Zhang L, Sharma V, Campagnari C, Hong TM, Kovalskyi D, Mazur MA, Richman JD, Beck TW, Eisner AM, Flacco CJ, Heusch CA, Kroseberg J, Lockman WS, Martinez AJ, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Seiden A, Wilson MG, Winstrom LO, Cheng CH, Doll DA, Echenard B, Fang F, Hitlin DG, Narsky I, Piatenko T, Porter FC, Andreassen R, Mancinelli G, Meadows BT, Mishra K, Sokoloff MD, Bloom PC, Ford WT, Gaz A, Hirschauer JF, Nagel M, Nauenberg U, Smith JG, Ulmer KA, Wagner SR, Ayad R, Soffer A, Toki WH, Wilson RJ, Altenburg DD, Feltresi E, Hauke A, Jasper H, Karbach M, Merkel J, Petzold A, Spaan B, Wacker K, Kobel MJ, Mader WF, Nogowski R, Schubert KR, Schwierz R, Volk A, Bernard D, Bonneaud GR, Latour E, Verderi M, Clark PJ, Playfer S, Watson JE, Andreotti M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cecchi A, Cibinetto G, Franchini P, Luppi E, Negrini M, Petrella A, Piemontese L, Santoro V, Baldini-Ferroli R, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Pacetti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rama M, Zallo A, Buzzo A, Contri R, Lo Vetere M, Macri MM, Monge MR, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Robutti E, Santroni A, Tosi S, Chaisanguanthum KS, Morii M, Adametz A, Marks J, Schenk S, Uwer U, Klose V, Lacker HM, Bard DJ, Dauncey PD, Nash JA, Tibbetts M, Behera PK, Chai X, Charles MJ, Mallik U, Cochran J, Crawley HB, Dong L, Meyer WT, Prell S, Rosenberg EI, Rubin AE, Gao YY, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Lae CK, Arnaud N, Béquilleux J, D'Orazio A, Davier M, da Costa JF, Grosdidier G, Höcker A, Lepeltier V, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Pruvot S, Roudeau P, Schune MH, Serrano J, Sordini V, Stocchi A, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Bingham I, Burke JP, Chavez CA, Fry JR, Gabathuler E, Gamet R, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Clarke CK, George KA, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Sigamani M, Cowan G, Flaecher HU, Hopkins DA, Paramesvaran S, Salvatore F, Wren AC, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Fritsch M, Gradl W, Schott G, Alwyn KE, Bailey D, Barlow RJ, Chia YM, Edgar CL, Jackson G, Lafferty GD, West TJ, Yi JI, Anderson J, Chen C, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Simi G, Tuggle JM, Dallapiccola C, Li X, Salvati E, Saremi S, Cowan R, Dujmic D, Fisher PH, Sciolla G, Spitznagel M, Taylor F, Yamamoto RK, Zhao M, Patel PM, Robertson SH, Lazzaro A, Lombardo V, Palombo F, Bauer JM, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Kroeger R, Sanders DA, Summers DJ, Zhao HW, Simard M, Taras P, Viaud FB, Nicholson H, De Nardo G, Lista L, Monorchio D, Onorato G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Snoek HL, Jessop CP, Knoepfel KJ, LoSecco JM, Wang WF, Benelli G, Corwin LA, Honscheid K, Kagan H, Kass R, Morris JP, Rahimi AM, Regensburger JJ, Sekula SJ, Wong QK, Blount NL, Brau J, Frey R, Igonkina O, Kolb JA, Lu M, Rahmat R, Sinev NB, Strom D, Strube J, Torrence E, Castelli G, Gagliardi N, Margoni M, Morandin M, Posocco M, Rotondo M, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Voci C, del Amo Sanchez P, Ben-Haim E, Briand H, Calderini G, Chauveau J, David P, Del Buono L, Hamon O, Leruste P, Ocariz J, Perez A, Prendki J, Sitt S, Gladney L, Biasini M, Covarelli R, Manoni E, Angelini C, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Cervelli A, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Marchiori G, Morganti M, Neri N, Paoloni E, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Lopes Pegna D, Lu C, Olsen J, Smith AJS, Telnov AV, Anulli F, Baracchini E, Cavoto G, del Re D, Di Marco E, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Gaspero M, Jackson PD, Gioi LL, Mazzoni MA, Morganti S, Piredda G, Polci F, Renga F, Voena C, Ebert M, Hartmann T, Schröder H, Waldi R, Adye T, Franek B, Olaiya EO, Wilson FF, Emery S, Escalier M, Esteve L, Ganzhur SF, de Monchenault GH, Kozanecki W, Vasseur G, Yèche C, Zito M, Chen XR, Liu H, Park W, Purohit MV, White RM, Wilson JR, Allen MT, Aston D, Bartoldus R, Bechtle P, Benitez JF, Bertsche K, Cai Y, Cenci R, Coleman JP, Convery MR, Decker FJ, Dingfelder JC, Dorfan J, Dubois-Felsmann GP, Dunwoodie W, Ecklund S, Erickson R, Field RC, Fisher A, Fox J, Gabareen AM, Gowdy SJ, Graham MT, Grenier P, Hast C, Innes WR, Iverson R, Kaminski J, Kelsey MH, Kim H, Kim P, Kocian ML, Kulikov A, Leith DWGS, Li S, Lindquist B, Luitz S, Luth V, Lynch HL, Macfarlane DB, Marsiske H, Messner R, Muller DR, Neal H, Nelson S, Novokhatski A, O'Grady CP, Ofte I, Perazzo A, Perl M, Ratcliff BN, Rivetta C, Roodman A, Salnikov AA, Schindler RH, Schwiening J, Seeman J, Snyder A, Su D, Sullivan MK, Suzuki K, Swain SK, Thompson JM, Va'vra J, Van Winkle D, Wagner AP, Weaver M, West CA, Wienands U, Wisniewski WJ, Wittgen M, Wittmer W, Wright DH, Wulsin HW, Yan Y, Yarritu AK, Yi K, Yocky G, Young CC, Ziegler V, Burchat PR, Edwards AJ, Majewski SA, Miyashita TS, Petersen BA, Wilden L, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Pan B, Saeed MA, Zain SB, Spanier SM, Wogsland BJ, Eckmann R, Ritchie JL, Ruland AM, Schilling CJ, Schwitters RF, Drummond BW, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, Gamba D, Pelliccioni M, Bomben M, Bosisio L, Cartaro C, Della Ricca G, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Azzolini V, Lopez-March N, Martinez-Vidal F, Milanes DA, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Banerjee S, Bhuyan B, Choi HHF, Hamano K, Kowalewski R, Lewczuk MJ, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Ilic J, Latham TE, Mohanty GB, Band HR, Chen X, Dasu S, Flood KT, Pan Y, Pierini M, Prepost R, Vuosalo CO, Wu SL. Observation of the bottomonium ground state in the decay Upsilon(3S)-->gammaetab. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:071801. [PMID: 18764521 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of a search for the bottomonium ground state etab(1S) in the photon energy spectrum with a sample of (109+/-1) million of Upsilon(3S) recorded at the Upsilon(3S) energy with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B factory at SLAC. We observe a peak in the photon energy spectrum at Egamma=921.2(-2.8)+2.1(stat)+/-2.4(syst) MeV with a significance of 10 standard deviations. We interpret the observed peak as being due to monochromatic photons from the radiative transition Upsilon(3S)-->gammaetab(1S). This photon energy corresponds to an etab(1S) mass of 9388.9(-2.3)+3.1(stat)+/-2.7(syst) MeV/c2. The hyperfine Upsilon(1S)-etab(1S) mass splitting is 71.4(-3.1)+2.3(stat)+/-2.7(syst) MeV/c2. The branching fraction for this radiative Upsilon(3S) decay is estimated to be [4.8+/-0.5(stat)+/-1.2(syst)]x10(-4).
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aubert
- Laboratoire de Physique des Particules, IN2P3/CNRS et Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
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Lallemand C, Meritet JF, Erickson R, Grossberg S, Roullet E, Lyon-Caen O, Lebon P, Tovey M. Quantification of Neutralizing Antibodies to Human Type I Interferons Using Division-Arrested Frozen Cells Carrying an Interferon-Regulated Reporter-Gene. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2008; 28:393-404. [DOI: 10.1089/jir.2007.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Lallemand
- Laboratory of Viral Oncology, CNRS FRE, Institut André Lwoff, Jonesboro, AR
| | - J.-F. Meritet
- Laboratory of Virology, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Université René Descartes, Paris, France
| | - R. Erickson
- NeutekBio Ltd., Galway Technology Centre, Galway, Ireland
| | - S.E. Grossberg
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - E. Roullet
- Neurology Department, Hôpital Tenon, Jonesboro, AR
| | - O. Lyon-Caen
- Fédération de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Salpetriກre, Paris, France
| | - P. Lebon
- Laboratory of Virology, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Université René Descartes, Paris, France
| | - M.G. Tovey
- Laboratory of Viral Oncology, CNRS FRE, Institut André Lwoff, Jonesboro, AR
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Cherney L, Small S, Wier H, Lobo N, Erickson R. Article 17. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Anthony PL, Arnold RG, Arroyo C, Bega K, Biesiada J, Bosted PE, Bower G, Cahoon J, Carr R, Cates GD, Chen JP, Chudakov E, Cooke M, Decowski P, Deur A, Emam W, Erickson R, Fieguth T, Field C, Gao J, Gary M, Gustafsson K, Hicks RS, Holmes R, Hughes EW, Humensky TB, Jones GM, Kaufman LJ, Keller L, Kolomensky YG, Kumar KS, LaViolette P, Lhuillier D, Lombard-Nelsen RM, Marshall Z, Mastromarino P, McKeown RD, Michaels R, Niedziela J, Olson M, Paschke KD, Peterson GA, Pitthan R, Relyea D, Rock SE, Saxton O, Singh J, Souder PA, Szalata ZM, Turner J, Tweedie B, Vacheret A, Walz D, Weber T, Weisend J, Woods M, Younus I. Precision measurement of the weak mixing angle in Møller scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:081601. [PMID: 16196849 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.081601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on a precision measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in fixed target electron-electron (Møller) scattering: A(PV) = [-131 +/- 14(stat) +/- 10(syst)] x 10(-9), leading to the determination of the weak mixing angle sin2(thetaW(eff) = 0.2397 +/- 0.0010(stat) +/- 0.0008(syst), evaluated at Q2 = 0.026 GeV2. Combining this result with the measurements of sin2(thetaW(eff) at the Z0 pole, the running of the weak mixing angle is observed with over 6sigma significance. The measurement sets constraints on new physics effects at the TeV scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Anthony
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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13
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Bradley DC, Troyk PR, Berg JA, Bak M, Cogan S, Erickson R, Kufta C, Mascaro M, McCreery D, Schmidt EM, Towle VL, Xu H. Visuotopic mapping through a multichannel stimulating implant in primate V1. J Neurophysiol 2004; 93:1659-70. [PMID: 15342724 DOI: 10.1152/jn.01213.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on our efforts to establish an animal model for the development and testing of a cortical visual prostheses. One-hundred-fifty-two electrodes were implanted in the primary visual cortex of a rhesus monkey. The electrodes were made from iridium with an activated iridium oxide film, which has a large charge capacity for a given surface area, and insulated with parylene-C. One-hundred-fourteen electrodes were functional after implantation. The activity of small (2-3) neuronal clusters was first recorded to map the visually responsive region corresponding to each electrode. The animal was then trained in a memory (delayed) saccade task, first with a visual target, then to a target defined by direct cortical stimulation with coordinates specified by the stimulating electrode's mapped receptive field. The SD of saccade endpoints was approximately 2.5 larger for electrically stimulated versus visual saccades; nevertheless, when trial-to-trial scatter was averaged out, the correlation between saccade end points and receptive field locations was highly significant and approached unity after several months of training. Five electrodes were left unused until the monkey was fully trained; when these were introduced, the receptive field-saccade correlations were high on the first day of use (R = 0.85, P = 0.03 for angle, R = 0.98, P < 0.001 for eccentricity), indicating that the monkey had not learned to perform the task empirically by memorizing reward zones. The results of this experiment suggest the potential for rigorous behavioral testing of cortical visual prostheses in the macaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Bradley
- Deptartment of Psychology, University of Chicago, 5848 S. University Ave., Green 314, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Anthony PL, Arnold RG, Arroyo C, Baird K, Bega K, Biesiada J, Bosted PE, Breuer M, Carr R, Cates GD, Chen JP, Chudakov E, Cooke M, Decker FJ, Decowski P, Deur A, Emam W, Erickson R, Fieguth T, Field C, Gao J, Gustafsson K, Hicks RS, Holmes R, Hughes EW, Humensky TB, Jones GM, Kaufman LJ, Kolomensky YG, Kumar KS, Lhuillier D, Lombard-Nelsen R, Mastromarino P, Mayer B, McKeown RD, Michaels R, Olson M, Paschke KD, Peterson GA, Pitthan R, Pope K, Relyea D, Rock SE, Saxton O, Shapiro G, Singh J, Souder PA, Szalata ZM, Tobias WA, Tonguc BT, Turner J, Tweedie B, Vacheret A, Walz D, Weber T, Weisend J, Whittum D, Woods M, Younus I. Observation of parity nonconservation in møller scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:181602. [PMID: 15169482 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.181602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report a measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in fixed target electron-electron (Møller) scattering: A(PV)=[-175+/-30(stat)+/-20(syst)] x 10(-9). This first direct observation of parity nonconservation in Møller scattering leads to a measurement of the electron's weak charge at low energy Q(e)(W)=-0.053+/-0.011. This is consistent with the standard model expectation at the current level of precision: sin((2)theta(W)(M(Z))((-)MS)=0.2293+/-0.0024(stat)+/-0.0016(syst)+/-0.0006(theory).
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Anthony
- Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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15
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Noon A, Kriederman B, Witte M, Rennels M, Enerback S, Miura N, Witte C, Erickson R, Dagenais S, Glover T. 54 FOXC2 GENE INSUFFICIENCY AND IMBALANCE IN THE GENESIS OF THE DISTINCTIVE LYMPHATIC AND OCULAR PHENOTYPE OF LYMPHEDEMA-DISTICHIASIS SYNDROME. J Investig Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-52-suppl2-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Groszer M, Erickson R, Scripture-Adams DD, Lesche R, Trumpp A, Zack JA, Kornblum HI, Liu X, Wu H. Negative regulation of neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation by the Pten tumor suppressor gene in vivo. Science 2001; 294:2186-9. [PMID: 11691952 DOI: 10.1126/science.1065518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 625] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms controlling neural stem cell proliferation are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that the PTEN tumor suppressor plays an important role in regulating neural stem/progenitor cells in vivo and in vitro. Mice lacking PTEN exhibited enlarged, histoarchitecturally abnormal brains, which resulted from increased cell proliferation, decreased cell death, and enlarged cell size. Neurosphere cultures revealed a greater proliferation capacity for tripotent Pten-/- central nervous system stem/progenitor cells, which can be attributed, at least in part, to a shortened cell cycle. However, cell fate commitments of the progenitors were largely undisturbed. Our results suggest that PTEN negatively regulates neural stem cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Groszer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This report describes the therapy of 2 women with bulimia nervosa who were treated using cognitive-behavioral therapy delivered via telemedicine. METHOD The telecommunication link was established using a 128-Kbps ISDN switchable data line. RESULTS Both cases were treated successfully and were doing well at 1-month follow-up. DISCUSSION These cases illustrate that this methodology may make it possible to deliver manual-based psychotherapies to patients with eating disorders in remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bakke
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
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18
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Schaufele F, Enwright JF, Wang X, Teoh C, Srihari R, Erickson R, MacDougald OA, Day RN. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha assembles essential cooperating factors in common subnuclear domains. Mol Endocrinol 2001; 15:1665-76. [PMID: 11579200 DOI: 10.1210/mend.15.10.0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha) is the DNA binding subunit of a multiprotein complex that regulates the pituitary-specific GH promoter. C/EBP alpha is absent from the GHFT1-5 pituitary progenitor cell line in which ectopic C/EBP alpha expression leads to activation of the otherwise dormant GH promoter. Transcriptional regulatory complexes are commonly envisaged as assembling from components that evenly diffuse throughout the nucleoplasm. We show that C/EBP alpha, expressed in GHFT1-5 cells as a fusion with color variants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP), concentrated specifically at peri-centromeric chromosomal domains. Although we found the CREB-binding protein (CBP) to activate C/EBP alpha-dependent transcription, CBP was absent from the pericentromeric chromatin. C/EBP alpha expression was accompanied by the translocation of endogenous and ectopically expressed CBP to pericentromeric chromatin. The intranuclear recruitment of CBP required the transcriptional activation domains of C/EBP alpha. C/EBP alpha also caused GFP-tagged TATA binding protein (TBP) to relocate to the Hoechst-stained domains. The altered intranuclear distribution of critical coregulatory factors defines complexes formed upon C/EBP alpha expression. It also identifies an organizational activity, which we label "intranuclear marshalling," that may regulate gene expression by determining the cooperative and antagonistic interactions available at specific nuclear sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Schaufele
- Metabolic Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0540, USA.
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Huber-Lang M, Sarma VJ, Lu KT, McGuire SR, Padgaonkar VA, Guo RF, Younkin EM, Kunkel RG, Ding J, Erickson R, Curnutte JT, Ward PA. Role of C5a in multiorgan failure during sepsis. J Immunol 2001; 166:1193-9. [PMID: 11145701 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.2.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In humans with sepsis, the onset of multiorgan failure (MOF), especially involving liver, lungs, and kidneys, is a well known complication that is associated with a high mortality rate. Our previous studies with the cecal ligation/puncture (CLP) model of sepsis in rats have revealed a C5a-induced defect in the respiratory burst of neutrophils. In the current CLP studies, MOF occurred during the first 48 h with development of liver dysfunction and pulmonary dysfunction (falling arterial partial pressure of O(2), rising partial pressure of CO(2)). In this model an early respiratory alkalosis developed, followed by a metabolic acidosis with increased levels of blood lactate. During these events, blood neutrophils lost their chemotactic responsiveness both to C5a and to the bacterial chemotaxin, fMLP. Neutrophil dysfunction was associated with virtually complete loss in binding of C5a, but binding of fMLP remained normal. If CLP animals were treated with anti-C5a, indicators of MOF and lactate acidosis were greatly attenuated. Under the same conditions, C5a binding to blood neutrophils remained intact; in tandem, in vitro chemotactic responses to C5a and fMLP were retained. These data suggest that, in the CLP model of sepsis, treatment with anti-C5a prevents development of MOF and the accompanying onset of blood neutrophil dysfunction. This may explain the protective effects of anti-C5a in the CLP model of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Huber-Lang
- Department of Pathology University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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20
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Abstract
Candida mediastinitis is a rare clinical entity associated with high mortality and morbidity. It is emerging as an important clinical entity, probably due to increased recognition of candida as a significant pathogen in mediastinitis. Candida mediastinitis is usually associated with cardiothoracic surgery, esophageal perforation, and head and neck infections. Optimal therapy for candida mediastinitis remains undefined. Aggressive, combined surgical debridement and antifungal therapy appears to be the most effective of available therapies. We report a case of spontaneous candida mediastinitis diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided, fine-needle aspiration and successfully treated with oral antifungal therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Prasad
- Division of Gastroenterology, Scott & White Clinic and Memorial Hospital, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple 76508, USA
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21
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Abstract
Glutamine supplements are being studied as protectants against the mucositis associated with radiation therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Glutamine is an important amino acid for the maintenance of healthy gut function and nitrogen transport. It is also a preferred energy source for many types of tumors through an altered Krebs cycle. The effects of glutamine supplements on the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have not been studied. Eighteen nude mice were implanted with one established cell line, and 18 were implanted with another. The mice were paired and fed either a glutamine-rich or a glutamine-poor diet. There was not a statistically significant difference in the growth rates of the xenografts or in the weight gain of the mice between the diet groups. These findings are encouraging for the continued use of glutamine supplements in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Erickson
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Oklahoma City, Ok 73190-3048, USA
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22
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Patiño PJ, Rae J, Noack D, Erickson R, Ding J, de Olarte DG, Curnutte JT. Molecular characterization of autosomal recessive chronic granulomatous disease caused by a defect of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form) oxidase component p67-phox. Blood 1999; 94:2505-14. [PMID: 10498624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare inherited disorder of phagocytes in which defective production of microbicidal oxidants leads to severe recurrent infections. CGD is caused by mutations in any of 4 genes encoding components of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form; NADPH) oxidase, the multisubunit enzyme that produces the precursor of these oxidants, superoxide. Approximately 5% of CGD patients have an autosomal recessive form of disease caused by a severe deficiency of p67-phox, a 526-amino acid subunit of the oxidase that appears to regulate electron transport within the enzyme. Here we report the biochemical and molecular characterization of 6 unrelated kindreds with p67-phox deficiency. These studies show that, as in gp91-phox and p22-phox deficiencies, the p67-phox CGD patients show a high degree of heterogeneity in the genetic defects that underlie their disease. Five different mutant alleles were identified: (1) a nonsense mutation in exon 4 (C(304) --> T); (2) a 5-nucleotide (nt) deletion in exon 13 (nts 1169-1173); (3) a splice mutation in the first nucleotide of intron 4 (G --> A); (4) a deletion of 1 nt in exon 9 (A(728)); and (5) a 9-nt in-frame deletion in exon 2 (nts 55-63). The splice mutation was seen in 3 unrelated kindreds, while the 5-nt deletion was seen in 2 apparently unrelated families (both of Palestinian origin). Homozygosity was present in 4 of the kindreds, 2 of which had consanguineous parentage. In the isolated neutrophils of each of the affected patients in the 6 kindreds, there was no measurable respiratory burst activity and no p67-phox protein detected by immunoblot analysis. The level of 67-phox mRNA was less than 10% of normal in the mononuclear leukocytes from 3 of the 4 patients analyzed by Northern blot studies. Thus, this heterogeneous group of mutations in p67-phox all lead to marked instability of mRNA or protein (or both) that results in the complete loss of NADPH oxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Patiño
- Department of Immunology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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23
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Kadam RM, Itagaki Y, Erickson R, Lund A. ENDOR and ESR Studies of Radical Cations of Methyl-Substituted Benzene in Halocarbon Matrices. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9843149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Kadam
- Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Y. Itagaki
- Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - R. Erickson
- Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - A. Lund
- Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Linköping University, S-58183 Linköping, Sweden
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24
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Sorbi D, Van Os EC, Aberger FJ, Derfus GA, Erickson R, Meier P, Nelson D, Nelson P, Shaw M, Gostout CJ. Clinical application of a new disposable lithotripter: a prospective multicenter study. Gastrointest Endosc 1999; 49:210-3. [PMID: 9925700 DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5107(99)70488-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical lithotripsy has become a well-accepted method of bile duct stone fragmentation and removal. The Olympus lithotripter (Olympus American, Melville, NY) is the standard reusable lithotripter at the institutions that participated in this study. A disposable device with a preassembled pistol grip may perform equally well and facilitate operation. METHODS Twenty patients with bile duct stones were evaluated as part of a multicenter prospective study. Data were obtained regarding stone size and number, bile duct diameter, and configuration, ease of cannulation, basket function, stone capture and crushing success, and complications. RESULTS The maximum stone size averaged 16.5 +/- 1.2 mm (range 10 to 30 mm). Sixteen patients had multiple stones (median 5, range 2 to 12). The mean bile duct diameter was 20.5 +/- 1.5 mm (range 12 to 38 mm). Cannulation was successful in all within 5 attempts. Basket deployment failed in 1 patient because of stone size and the basket was misshapen in 14. Bile duct clearance was complete in 16 subjects (80%), incomplete in 2 patients, and failed in 2 patients. Abnormal duct configuration (sigmoid, stricture) was noted in 2 of 4 patients with failed capture and 7 of 16 patients with successful clearance. No statistically significant difference was observed between the bile duct diameter, maximum stone size, number of stones, and successful clearance. CONCLUSION The disposable lithotripter is easy to use and, compared with the published results for the reusable lithotripter, performs almost as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sorbi
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Gundersen Lutheran, LaCrosse, Wisconsin; Midelfort Clinic, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Retail is a growing economic sector and employs an increasing number of the overall workforce, yet little is known about the incidence and characteristics of work-related deaths in the retail industry. METHODS Workplace deaths were examined using the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries from 1992 through 1996. Occupational fatality rates were calculated by age, gender, and type of establishment, and characteristics of occupational deaths in the retail industry were compared to other industries. RESULTS Liquor stores had the highest work-related fatality rates in the retail industry. The two leading causes of death in the retail industry were violence (69.5%) and motor vehicle crashes (19.3%). Females, younger, minority, and foreign-born workers were more likely to be killed in retail than other industries. Deaths in the retail industry were more likely to be in small businesses, after normal business hours, and in urban settings. DISCUSSION Workers in the retail industry were at lower risk of most types of workplace deaths but had a markedly increased risk of violent death than workers in other industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Peek-Asa
- Southern California Injury Prevention Research Center, UCLA School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Los Angeles, California 90095-1772, USA.
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26
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Witte MH, Erickson R, Bernas M, Andrade M, Reiser F, Conlon W, Hoyme HE, Witte CL. Phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity in familial Milroy lymphedema. Lymphology 1998; 31:145-55. [PMID: 9949386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Familial Milroy lymphedema (ML) is classified as an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by peripheral edema of the lower extremities at birth or in early childhood. The variety of phenotypes are not well described, and the genomic location and functional expression of the gene or genes underlying this and related familial lymphedema syndromes remain largely unknown. In this collaborative study between the University of Arizona and the University of São Paulo, we collected clinical pedigrees on 6 ML families, carried out clinical examination of affected and unaffected individuals, and, in representative affected members of two of the families performed dynamic lymphangioscintigraphy (LAS) of the lower and upper limbs to delineate further the ML lymphangiodysplastic phenotype. To localize the gene for ML, we conducted a genome-wide search in 4 of the families using 387 polymorphic dinucleotide-repeat markers at approximate 10 cM spacing in 54 subjects (affected, unaffected bloodline relatives, and spouses). In all 6 families (86 subjects), we specifically examined the suggested linkage to the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C receptor (Flt4) gene localized to the chromosome region 5q34-q35. The findings provide evidence for a spectrum of ML clinical and LAS phenotypes and also suggest ML locus heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Witte
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, USA.
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive disorder associated with disruption of neuronal function and neuronal loss. N-acetylaspartate (NAA) is a marker of neuronal content and can be assessed using proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). We utilized 1H-MRS (two-dimensional chemical-shift imaging) to assess amplitudes and areas of NAA, as well as choline moieties (Cho), creatine (Cr) and myo-inositol (mI), in 15 AD patients compared with 14 control subjects. Voxels were classified as predominantly cortical gray matter (CGM), subcortical gray matter (SGM), or white matter (WM). Compared with control subjects, AD patients exhibited decreased NAA/Cho and NAA/Cr amplitudes, whereas an increase was observed in Cho/Cr and in amplitude ratios involving mI. Area ratios were significant in the same direction for NAA/Cho, NAA/Cr, mI/Cr and mI/NAA. No significant effects of tissue type were observed; however, significant group x tissue type interactions were noted for Cho/Cr and mI/Cr amplitudes. Our study confirms that 1H-MRS can identify distinct physicochemical alterations in AD patients, reflecting membrane changes and diminished neuronal function. These alterations can be used as longitudinal markers for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lazeyras
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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28
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Martinez FD, Graves PE, Baldini M, Solomon S, Erickson R. Association between genetic polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenoceptor and response to albuterol in children with and without a history of wheezing. J Clin Invest 1997; 100:3184-8. [PMID: 9399966 PMCID: PMC508532 DOI: 10.1172/jci119874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 489] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) agonists are the most widely used agents in the treatment of asthma, but the genetic determinants of responsiveness to these agents are unknown. Two polymorphic loci within the coding region of the beta2AR have been recently described at amino acids 16 and 27. It has been reported that glycine at codon 16 (Gly-16) is associated with increased agonist-promoted downregulation of the beta2AR as compared with arginine-16 (Arg-16). The form of the receptor with glutamic acid at codon 27 (Glu-27), on the other hand, has been shown to be resistant to downregulation when compared with glutamine-27 (Gln-27), but only when coexpressed with Arg-16. To assess if different genotypes of these two polymorphisms would show differential responses to inhaled beta2AR agonists, we genotyped 269 children who were participants in a longitudinal study of asthma. Spirometry was performed before and after administration of 180 microg of albuterol, and a positive response was considered an increase of >15.3% predicted FEV1. There was marked linkage disequilibrium between the two polymorphisms, with 97.8% of all chromosomes that carried Arg-16 also carrying Gln-27. When compared to homozygotes for Gly-16, homozygotes for Arg-16 were 5.3 times (95% confidence interval 1.6-17.7) and heterozygotes for beta2AR-16 were 2.3 times (1.3-4.2) more likely to respond to albuterol, respectively. Similar trends were observed for asthmatic and nonasthmatic children, and results were independent of baseline lung function, ethnic origin, and previous use of antiasthma medication. No association was found between the beta2AR-27 polymorphism and response to albuterol. These results may explain some of the variability in response to therapeutic doses of albuterol in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- F D Martinez
- Respiratory Sciences Center, the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA.
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Ross G, Erickson R, Knorr D, Motulsky AG, Parkman R, Samulski J, Straus SE, Smith BR. Gene therapy in the United States: a five-year status report. Hum Gene Ther 1996; 7:1781-90. [PMID: 8886849 DOI: 10.1089/hum.1996.7.14-1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Ross
- Perinatology Center, New York Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA
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31
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Towle V, Syed I, Berger C, Kinnunen L, Grzeszczuk R, Milton J, Erickson R, Spire JP. Functional mapping of human cortex: Central sulcus revealed by ECoG inter-electrode coherence. Neuroimage 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(96)80261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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32
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Meshkinpour H, Vaziri ND, Zhou XJ, Erickson R, Liao SY, Oveisi F, Bemanian S, Hollander D. Effects of experimental hemosiderosis on intestinal morphology, permeability, and tissue iron content. Dig Dis Sci 1996; 41:984-8. [PMID: 8625773 DOI: 10.1007/bf02091541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Effects of iron overload on intestinal function and structure are unknown and were, therefore, investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into an iron-overloaded group, which received a single subcutaneous injection of 1.2 g/kg elemental iron-dextran complex, and placebo-treated pair-fed controls. Animals were studied after a 10-month observation period. Intestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the urinary excretion of lactulose, rhamnose, and mannitol after oral administration. In addition, tissue nonheme iron content was measured, and histologic examination and morphometric measurements were carried out. The chronic iron-overloaded group showed a significant increase in intestine tissue iron content and stainable iron in the submucosa and muscularis propria and adipose tissue of the small intestine and lamina propria and muscularis mucosa of the large intestine. There was a significant decrease in the crypt depths without discernible change in the intestine permeability to any of the markers used. In addition, the iron-overloaded animals showed a significant number of iron-laden cells, which primarily consisted of macrophages, fibroblasts, myocytes, and adipocytes. In contrast, no iron-laden cells were present in tissues obtained from the normal control group. Thus, chronic experimental iron overload in rats leads to significant morphologic, but no permeability, alterations of the alimentary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meshkinpour
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
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Erickson R, Purcell E. Soft skills: who needs them? Health Prog 1995; 76:88, 87. [PMID: 10145135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Ashrafi SH, Atassi B, Erickson R, Sabet T. Migration of epithelium during phenytoin-dependent gingival overgrowth in mice. Scanning Microsc 1993; 7:1247-53. [PMID: 8023091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A small cavity was made in the mesiopalatal area of the maxillary first molar adjacent to the gingiva. Mice were maintained on 40 mg/kg phenytoin (or on diluent for control) by daily intraperitoneal injections. After 9 weeks, light microscopic observations revealed that in experimental mice, epithelial cells migrated towards the cavity and covered it. In controls, epithelial cell migration towards the cavity did not occur. For scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies, specimens were fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, for 2 hours, dehydrated, critical point dried and coated with gold. The surface of the outer gingival epithelium of experimental and of control mice showed a honeycomb arrangement of the microridges suggesting their keratinized nature. Epithelial cells lining the cavity showed well marked macroridges along their borders. Parallel microridges were observed on the upper surface of these cells suggesting that they were non-keratinized. It was concluded that the migrating epithelial cells, that covered the cavity during phenytoin-dependent gingival overgrowth, were of the non-keratinized type.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Ashrafi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612
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Sun T, Brody J, Koduru P, Vinciguerra V, Weiselberg L, Marino J, Chaudhri F, Papps J, Erickson R. Study of the major phenotype of large granular T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. Am J Clin Pathol 1992; 98:516-21. [PMID: 1283056 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/98.5.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Six cases of large granular T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with a selected immunophenotype (CD3+, CD4-, CD8+, CD16+) were studied to characterize a homogeneous group of patients. It was found that most of these patients did not exhibit the clinical features frequently described in large granular T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder--recurrent infection, rheumatoid arthritis, and splenomegaly. The laboratory tests usually positive in large granular T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, including rheumatoid factor and anti-nuclear antibodies, also were frequently negative. The pathognomonic features were found to be neutropenia and large granular lymphocytosis with positive killer cell markers. All six cases showed T-cell receptor gene rearrangement that indicated a monoclonal proliferation of lymphoid cells, which were natural killer-like T cells by immunophenotyping. B cells were essentially absent in all cases. It should be emphasized that bone marrow aspirates are as informative as peripheral blood samples for the diagnosis of large granular T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder; indeed, phenotypes of blood and marrow in one case were identical in terms of percentages of markers. In this selected group of patients, the clinical courses were indolent with uncomplicated outcomes. In three patients, chemotherapy did not induce an obvious clinical response, but all patients' conditions remained stable with only supportive care.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/analysis
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Bone Marrow/ultrastructure
- CD3 Complex/analysis
- CD3 Complex/genetics
- CD4 Antigens/analysis
- CD4 Antigens/genetics
- CD56 Antigen
- CD57 Antigens
- CD8 Antigens/analysis
- CD8 Antigens/genetics
- DNA/genetics
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders/genetics
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders/immunology
- Middle Aged
- Phenotype
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/analysis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/analysis
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sun
- Department of Laboratories, North Shore University Hospital-Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, New York 11030
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a concurrent record of chest pain episodes on later completeness and accuracy of verbal recall. Patients included 23 men and eight women, ages 43 to 76 years from a private cardiology practice who were randomized into experimental (n = 16) and control (n = 15) groups. Following an initial interview, experimental patients were instructed in using a Chest Discomfort Diary in the home setting to record eight categories of information about each episode of chest pain experienced during the next 7 to 10 days. At the end of that time, both groups were interviewed about a specific typical episode of chest pain that had occurred; patients who did not have chest pain during the study period described an episode experienced prior to the initial interview. Experimental patients recalled their chest pain more completely than controls (P = 0.007), whether it had occurred during or prior to the study period. Experimental patients who had pain (n = 11), and thus actually used the diary, accurately recalled the duration, intensity, description, and treatment of the typical episode but were often inaccurate regarding their mood and the total number of episodes they had experienced. The findings suggest that a concurrent diary offers one method of teaching patients how to report their chest pain symptoms and may improve the completeness and accuracy of those reports.
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Odell RM, Erickson R, McEwan RM. Identification and certification of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation specialists in the United States. ASAIO J 1992; 38:858-61. [PMID: 1450487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a highly specialized technique widely practiced in many hospitals. Despite the proliferation of ECMO, little information has been generated relating to ECMO specialists, a new professional group responsible for managing the extracorporeal life support (ELS) system. A telephone survey of ECMO centers in the United States was conducted to determine the number of ECMO specialists, team composition by profession, and clinical components of ECMO specialist certification. Data were obtained in May 1991 from all 63 (100%) active ELS centers. The survey found that the average ECMO program performs 3,770 +/- 1,019 clinical hours of ELS per year with a team of 23 +/- 11 specialists. There are 1,431 practicing ECMO specialists in the United States: 73% registered nurses, 22% respiratory therapists, and 5% others. Most ECMO specialist teams (56%) are comprised of a single profession, with 44% of programs using a mixture of professions. The average ECMO specialist manages the ELS system 171 +/- 91 hr/yr. Thirty-six (57%) programs have a mean yearly clinical requirement of 77 +/- 23 ELS hours per specialist. These results represent the first complete report identifying the number of ECMO specialists in the United States. In addition, program demographics demonstrate variability in ECMO experience and certification requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Odell
- Department of Neonatology, Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena, CA 91109-3027
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Hoffmann KP, Distler C, Erickson R. Functional projections from striate cortex and superior temporal sulcus to the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (DTN) of macaque monkeys. J Comp Neurol 1991; 313:707-24. [PMID: 1783687 DOI: 10.1002/cne.903130413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and the dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (DTN) have been recognized to be relevant structures for optokinetic and vestibuloocular reflexes. NOT-DTN neurons relay visual information to the vestibular nuclei via the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi and to the flocculus via the dorsal cap of the inferior olive. It has been previously shown that in carnivores the NOT-DTN receives information from primary visual cortical areas in addition to the direct retinal input. In this study we demonstrate the presence and some functional characteristics such as latency and evicacy of considerable cortical projections to the NOT-DTN in macaque monkeys. In anaesthetized and paralyzed monkeys NOT-DTN neurons were identified physiologically and tested for cortical input by electrical stimulation in various cortical areas. Successful sites of stimulation to activate NOT-DTN neurons orthodromically lie in the primary visual cortex (V1) and in the motion-processing areas in the superior temporal sulcus (STS). In contrast, electrical stimulation in area V4 and in parietal areas in most cases did not yield orthodromic responses. Overall latencies of action potentials elicited by stimulation in V1 were 0.5 ms longer than those elicited from STS. These short latency differences between V1 and STS stimulation suggest a direct projection from both V1 and STS to the NOT-DTN. The physiological results were supported by the results of anatomical experiments by using horseradish peroxidase as anterograde tracer. Both injections into V1 and into the lower bank of STS resulted in anterogradely labelled fibers and terminals around the recording sites of direction-specific NOT-DTN neurons. This paper is a first step in clarifying the significance of corticofugal projections from individual areas involved in the analysis of visual motion for the optokinetic reflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Hoffmann
- Allgemeine Zoologie und Neurobiologie, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Federal Republic of Germany
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40
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Abstract
The ability of the Periotron device to measure changes in dentin permeability and wetness was evaluated by use of extracted human teeth in vitro. Pulpal pressures were varied from zero to 40 cm H2O for simulation of different pulpal tissue pressures. Non-physiologic pulpal pressures of 703 cm H2O were used for comparison of dentin permeability measurements made with the Periotron device with those made using micropipettes. Measurements made with the Periotron device correlated well with methods used previously for measurement of dentin permeability. The shear bond strength of Scotchbond 2/Silux was measured 24 h after being bonded to dentin held at zero pulpal pressure. There was an inverse correlation between the shear bond strengths of Scotchbond 2/Silux and Periotron values, suggesting that increased wetness decreases the bond strength of that system. The Periotron device offers a new, simple, convenient measure of dentin surface wetness which may be useful in dentin bonding studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Prati
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Bologna
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41
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Condo GT, Handler T, Shimony J, Abe K, Armenteros R, Austern M, Bacon TC, Ballam J, Bingham HH, Brau JE, Braune K, Brick D, Bugg WM, Butler JM, Cameron W, Cohn HO, Colley DC, Dado S, Diamond R, Dingus P, Erickson R, Falicov A, Field RC, Fortney LR, Franek B, Fujiwara N, Glanzman T, Godfrey IM, Goldberg JJ, Goshaw AT, Hall G, Hancock ER, Hargis HJ, Hart EL, Harwin MJ, Hasegawa K, Hulsizer RI, Jobes M, Kafka T, Kalmus GE, Kelsey DP, Kent J, Kitagaki T, Levy A, Lucas PW, Mann WA, McCrory ES, Merenyi R, Milburn R, Milstene C, Moffeit KC, Napier A, Noguchi S, O'Dell VR, O'Neale S, Palounek AP, Pless IA, Rankin P, Robertson WJ, Sagawa H, Sato T, Schneps J, Sewell SJ, Shank J. Photoproduction of an isovector rho pi state at 1775 MeV. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1991; 43:2787-2791. [PMID: 10013676 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.43.2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Abstract
Theophylline therapy increases left ventricular output in preterm infants by a combination of positive inotropic and chronotropic effects. The cardiovascular effects of caffeine were evaluated in 20 clinically stable preterm infants. Ten infants received intravenous caffeine citrate with a loading dose of 20 mg/kg and a maintenance dose of 5 mg/kg every 24 hours, and 10 infants were control subjects. Left ventricular output, stroke volume, and heart rate were measured by using a combination of two-dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiography and mean arterial blood pressure by oscillometry (Dinamap, Critikon, Division of McNeil Laboratories, Irvine, Calif) before the start and on days 1, 2, 3, and 7 of caffeine therapy and 7 days after discontinuation of therapy. Compared with controls, left ventricular output and stroke volume were significantly increased on days 1 to 7 of caffeine therapy. Caffeine led to an increase in the mean arterial blood pressure on the first 3 days of therapy, but the heart rate did not change. These data indicated that caffeine administration leads to a significant increase in left ventricular output in preterm infants and that this inotropic effect is accompanied by a pressor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Walther
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90059
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43
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Condo GT, Handler T, Shimony J, Abe K, Austern M, Armenteros R, Bacon TC, Ballam J, Bingham HH, Brau JE, Braune K, Brick D, Bugg WM, Butler JM, Cameron W, Cohn HO, Colley DC, Dado S, Diamond R, Dingus P, Erickson R, Falicov A, Field RC, Fortney LR, Franek B, Fujiwara N, Glanzman T, Godfrey IM, Goldberg JJ, Goshaw AT, Hall G, Hancock ER, Hargis HJ, Hart EL, Harwin MJ, Hasegawa K, Hulsizer RI, Jobes M, Kafka T, Kalmus GE, Kelsey DP, Kent J, Kitagaki T, Levy A, Lucas PW, Mann WA, McCrory ES, Merenyi R, Milburn R, Milstene C, Moffeit KC, Napier A, Noguchi S, Ochiai F, O'Dell VR, O'Neale S, Palounek AP, Pless IA, Rankin P, Robertson WJ, Sagawa H, Sato T, Schneps J, Sewell SJ. Charge-exchange photoproduction of the a2-(1320) in association with Delta ++ at 19.3 GeV/c. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1990; 41:3317-3323. [PMID: 10012269 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.41.3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Byrd JC, Lamport DT, Siddiqui B, Kuan SF, Erickson R, Itzkowitz SH, Kim YS. Deglycosylation of mucin from LS174T colon cancer cells by hydrogen fluoride treatment. Biochem J 1989; 261:617-25. [PMID: 2775237 PMCID: PMC1138869 DOI: 10.1042/bj2610617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mucin from xenografts of LS174T human colon cancer cells was treated with anhydrous HF for 1 h at 0 degree C to give a product (HFA) with over 80% of the glucosamine and hexose removed, but retaining some galactosamine, and for 3 h at room temperature to give a product (HFB) devoid of carbohydrate. Rabbit antibodies against HFA bound to HFA much more than to HFB, and bound to native mucin to an intermediate extent. Antibodies to HFB bound to HFB more than to HFA, and did not bind to native mucin. Both HFA and native mucin bound a number of lectins, but HFB did not. By SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and size-exclusion h.p.l.c., native mucin and HFA are of apparent molecular mass greater than 400 kDa, whereas HFB is heterogeneous and of low molecular mass. On Western blots, antibody to HFA detected both high-molecular-mass mucin and a 90 kDa protein in homogenates of LS174T cells. Antibody to HFB detected a major 70 kDa band as well as higher-molecular-mass species. In tissue sections of normal colon and colon cancers, antibody to HFA showed both cytoplasmic and extracellular staining, whereas antibody to HFB generally stained only cytoplasmic antigens. These results indicate that anti-HFB antibody is specific for apo-mucin, whereas anti-HFA antibody is specific for GalNAc-apo-mucin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Byrd
- Gastrointestinal Research Laboratory, V.A. Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121
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46
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Bambade P, Erickson R, Koska WA, Kozanecki W, Phinney N, Wagner SR. Observation of beam-beam deflections at the interaction point of the SLAC Linear Collider. Phys Rev Lett 1989; 62:2949-2952. [PMID: 10040135 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.62.2949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
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47
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Brau JE, Franek B, Wester W, Abe K, Bacon TC, Ballam J, Bingham HH, Braune K, Brick D, Bugg WM, Butler JM, Cameron W, Carroll JT, Cautis CV, Cohn HO, Colley DC, Condo GT, Dado S, Diamond R, Dingus P, Erickson R, Fieguth T, Field RC, Fortney L, Fujiwara N, Gearhart R, Glanzman T, Godfrey IM, Goldberg JJ, Goshaw AT, Hall G, Hancock ER, Handler T, Hargis HJ, Hart EL, Harwin MJ, Hasegawa K, Hulsizer RI, Jobes M, Kafka T, Kalmus GE, Kelsey DP, Kent J, Kitagaki T, Levy A, Mann WA, Merenyi R, Milburn R, Milstene C, McCrory E, Moffeit KC, Napier A, Noguchi S, Ochiai F, O'Dell VR, O'Neale S, Palounek AP, Pless IA, Rankin P, Sagawa H, Sato T, Schneps J, Sewell SJ. Production and decay properties of the omega pi 0 state at 1250 MeV/c2 produced by 20-GeV polarized photons on hydrogen. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1988; 37:2379-2390. [PMID: 9958954 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.37.2379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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48
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O'Dell VR, Rankin P, Yost GP, Harwin MJ, Abe K, Armenteros R, Bacon TC, Ballam J, Bingham HH, Brau JE, Braune K, Brick D, Bugg WM, Butler JM, Cameron W, Cohn HO, Colley DC, Condo GT, Dado S, Diamond R, Dingus P, Dornan PJ, Erickson R, Field RC, Franek B, Fujiwara N, Glanzman T, Godfrey IM, Goldberg JJ, Goshaw AT, Hall G, Hancock ER, Handler T, Hargis HJ, Hart EL, Hasegawa K, Hulsizer RI, Jobes M, Kafka T, Kent JF, Kalmus GE, Kelsey DP, Kitagaki T, Levy A, Lucas PW, Mann WA, Merenyi R, Milburn R, Milstene C, Moffeit KC, Napier A, Noguchi S, Ochiai F, O'Neale S, Palounek AP, Pless IA, Robertson WJ, Sagawa H, Sato T, Schneps J, Sewell SJ, Shank J, Shapiro AM, Sugahara R. Forward charge asymmetry in 20-GeV gammap reactions. Int J Clin Exp Med 1987; 36:1-7. [PMID: 9958013 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.36.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ohlstein EH, Kruse LI, Ezekiel M, Sherman SS, Erickson R, DeWolf WE, Berkowitz BA. Cardiovascular effects of a new potent dopamine beta-hydroxylase inhibitor in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1987; 241:554-9. [PMID: 3572812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular effects of a new class of potent inhibitors of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SK&F 102698 [1-(3,5-difluorobenzyl)imidazole-2-thiol] is the prototype molecule of this class of substituted 1-benzylimidazole-2-thiols and is one of the most potent inhibitors of DBH yet described. After acute p.o. administration in conscious unrestrained SHR, SK&F 102698 elicited a dose-dependent decrease in mean arterial blood pressure. The antihypertensive effect was marked by a gradual onset with long duration of activity. The antihypertensive effect produced by SK&F 102698 was accompanied by bradycardia. SK&F 102698 inhibited DBH in vivo as demonstrated by its ability to increase vascular levels of dopamine (DA) while concomitantly decreasing vascular levels of norepinephrine (NE), thus increasing the overall DA/NE ratio. The chronic cardiovascular effects of SK&F 102698 were evaluated in developing SHR. SHR were administered SK&F 102698 p.o. once daily for 9 weeks beginning when animals were 4 weeks of age. SK&F 102698 (50 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the development of hypertension of these SHR. Tolerance to the chronic effects of DBH inhibition was not observed and blood pressures in drug-treated animals were still reduced significantly 20 hr after drug administration. Vascular catecholamine levels were determined in the mesenteric artery of these chronically treated animals. Vascular DA levels were increased 290%, vascular NE levels were decreased 36% and the DA/NE ratio was increased 520%, as compared to controls. Furthermore, hearts weights of SHR receiving SK&F 102698 were approximately 10% lower than controls. The present study demonstrates that in SHR SK&F 102698 is an effective antihypertensive whose effects are mediated by the novel mechanism of DBH inhibition.
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50
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Truong XT, Erickson R, Galbreath R. Baseball adaptation for below-elbow prosthesis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1986; 67:418. [PMID: 3718201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A baseball bat adaptation to improve the handling with below-elbow prosthesis is described. The adaptation consists of a ball and socket joint unit interposed between wrist and hand prostheses. A patient who had forearm amputation successfully used the adaptation to play softball.
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