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Pichardo-Velarde JG, Estrada N, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Ascencio F. Growth and paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin production by a Mexican dinoflagellate strain of Alexandrium tamiyavanichii Balech (1994) under different nutrient conditions. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 198:115802. [PMID: 37995589 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Alexandrium tamiyavanichii is a marine dinoflagellate known to produce Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxin. Thus, a strain was isolated from La Paz Bay, Baja California Sur, Mexico and used to explore whether stress conditions, such as phosphorus limitation (PL) and nitrogen enrichment (NE) modulate population growth and PSP toxin production in the GSe medium. Growth kinetics showed that the PL treatment produced a 3.4-fold increase in cell density versus control at day 30 of the culture cycle. The highest PSP concentration was found in the control culture (309 fmol cell-1) on day 21. Saxitoxin (STX) was the main analog in all the treatments (> 40 % mol). In conclusion, PL and NE treatments promoted growth kinetics in the species studied but did not affect the PSP toxin production. For the first time, the present research describes A. tamiyavanichii high toxicity strain isolated from Mexican coasts relative to the South-Atlantic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge-Gerardo Pichardo-Velarde
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Av. I.P.N. 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur 23096, Mexico
| | - Norma Estrada
- Programa Cátedras CONAHCYT, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Av. I.P.N. 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur 23096, Mexico
| | - Rosalba Alonso-Rodríguez
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P. O. Box 811, Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82040, Mexico.
| | - Felipe Ascencio
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Av. I.P.N. 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur 23096, Mexico
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2
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Cardoso-Mohedano JG, Canales-Delgadillo JC, Machain-Castillo ML, Sanchez-Muñoz WN, Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Esqueda-Lara K, Gómez-Ponce MA, Ruiz-Fernández AC, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Lestayo-González JA, Merino-Ibarra M. Contrasting nutrient distributions during dry and rainy seasons in coastal waters of the southern Gulf of Mexico driven by the Grijalva-Usumacinta River discharges. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 178:113584. [PMID: 35381463 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Globally, nutrient river discharges drive water quality of coastal ecosystems, and excess nutrients can cause eutrophication impacts. The Grijalva-Usumacinta River System (GURS) discharges in the southern Gulf of Mexico (SGoM) and it is the second largest riverine input to the Gulf. To study how contrasting GURS freshwater flow between rainy and dry seasons affects nutrients concentrations in the receiving coastal ecosystem, we evaluated nutrient variability in the water column during both seasons. High inorganic nutrients and total phosphate outline the rivers discharge plumes during rainy season, and were significantly higher than during the dry season throughout the study area, suggesting contrasting seasonal nutrient discharge of the GURS to coastal waters. On average the GURS discharged 141,123 t N yr-1 6893 t P yr-1 and 928,904 t Si yr-1 to SGoM. These results contribute with a nutrient baseline in the SGoM that could be useful for GURS decision-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose-Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano
- Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km. 9.5, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.
| | - Julio C Canales-Delgadillo
- CONACYT-Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km. 9.5, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.
| | - María-Luisa Machain-Castillo
- Unidad Académica de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Wendy-Nahomy Sanchez-Muñoz
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Karina Esqueda-Lara
- Centro del Cambio Global y la Sustentabilidad A.C. Calle Centenario del Instituto Juárez S/N, Col. Reforma, 86080 Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico.
| | - Mario A Gómez-Ponce
- Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km. 9.5, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.
| | - Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Rosalba Alonso-Rodríguez
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Julio A Lestayo-González
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Martín Merino-Ibarra
- Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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3
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Machain-Castillo ML, Ruiz-Fernández AC, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Gío-Argáez FR, Rodríguez-Ramírez A, Villegas-Hernández R, Mora-García AI, Fuentes-Sánchez AP, Cardoso-Mohedano JG, Hernández-Becerril DU, Esqueda-Lara K, Santiago-Pérez S, Gómez-Ponce MA, Pérez-Bernal LH. Anthropogenic and natural impacts in the marine area of influence of the Grijalva - Usumacinta River (Southern Gulf of Mexico) during the last 45 years. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 156:111245. [PMID: 32510387 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of the Grijalva-Usumacinta river basin exerts modifications on its discharge area. A sediment core was studied to reconstruct environmental changes and trace element contamination status during the past 45 years. 210Pb-derived mass accumulation rates indicate higher sediment input to the area since 1995, related to increased precipitation and floodings in the catchment area. Sediments show finer particles from the late 1970s on, likely related to dams construction upriver and/or land use changes. Heavy metal enrichment factors (EF < 2) suggest minimum contamination. Benthic foraminifera and redox-sensitive - elements (As, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) indicate the sediments before 2000 were deposited under oxygenated conditions. Afterwards, environmental conditions changed and benthic foraminifera and dinocysts assemblages changed suggesting eutrophication and lower oxygen conditions during the last 20 years. Monitoring should be continued to assess eutrophication/hypoxic/pollution trends that could become deleterious to the marine biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Machain-Castillo
- Unidad Académica de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México.
| | - A C Ruiz-Fernández
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz. Joel Montes Camarena s/n, Col. Playa Sur, 82040 Mazatlán, México.
| | - R Alonso-Rodríguez
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz. Joel Montes Camarena s/n, Col. Playa Sur, 82040 Mazatlán, México.
| | - J A Sanchez-Cabeza
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz. Joel Montes Camarena s/n, Col. Playa Sur, 82040 Mazatlán, México.
| | - F R Gío-Argáez
- Unidad Académica de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México.
| | - A Rodríguez-Ramírez
- Unidad Académica de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México.
| | - R Villegas-Hernández
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - A I Mora-García
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México
| | - A P Fuentes-Sánchez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Bahía Banderas, Crucero a Punta Mita s/n, C.P. 63734 Bahía Banderas, Nayarit, México
| | - J G Cardoso-Mohedano
- Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km. 9.5, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, México.
| | - D U Hernández-Becerril
- Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México.
| | - K Esqueda-Lara
- Centro del Cambio Global y la Sustentabilidad A.C., Calle Centenario del Instituto, Juárez S/N, Col. Reforma, C.P. 86080 Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - S Santiago-Pérez
- Unidad Académica de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México.
| | - M A Gómez-Ponce
- Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km. 9.5, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, México.
| | - L H Pérez-Bernal
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz. Joel Montes Camarena s/n, Col. Playa Sur, 82040 Mazatlán, México.
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Cardoso-Mohedano JG, Canales-Delgadillo JC, Machain-Castillo ML, Hernández-Hernández JG, Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Ruiz-Fernández AC, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Gómez-Ponce MA, Esqueda-Lara K, Merino-Ibarra M, Hernández-Becerril DU, Gelabert-Fernández R. Absence of hypoxia events in the adjacent coastal waters of Grijalva-Usumacinta river, Southern Gulf of Mexico. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 156:111174. [PMID: 32510356 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Globally, oxygen concentration in many coastal areas is depleting. River nutrient discharges may produce hypoxia events. The Southern Gulf of Mexico receives the discharges of the Grijalva-Usumacinta River System, the second largest in the Gulf of Mexico. To evaluate the influence of river discharges on dissolved oxygen concentrations in the receiving coastal ecosystem, we studied the variation of physicochemical variables in the water column. During the dry season, the influence of the river waters to the coastal area is scarce, but during the rainy season the river plume reached ~9 km offshore. The lowest concentration of dissolved oxygen (3.6 mg L-1) was observed within the river plume. We concluded that, in the studied area, hypoxia events (oxygen concentrations ≤ 2 mg L-1) would occur during the rainy season, low winds and in deeper waters (>80 m depth).
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano
- Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km. 9.5, C. P 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.
| | - Julio C Canales-Delgadillo
- CONACYT-Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km. 9.5, C. P. 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico
| | - María-Luisa Machain-Castillo
- Unidad Académica de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Mexico
| | - Johana G Hernández-Hernández
- Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Calle 56 No.4, Avenida Concordia Col. Benito Juárez, C.P. 24180 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz. J. Montes Camarena s/n, 82040 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz. J. Montes Camarena s/n, 82040 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Rosalba Alonso-Rodríguez
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz. J. Montes Camarena s/n, 82040 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - M A Gómez-Ponce
- Estación el Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km. 9.5, C. P 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.
| | - Karina Esqueda-Lara
- Centro del Cambio Global y la Sustentabilidad A.C. Calle Centenario del Instituto Juárez S/N, Col. Reforma, C.P. 86080 Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico.
| | - Martín Merino-Ibarra
- Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C. P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - David U Hernández-Becerril
- Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, C. P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Rolando Gelabert-Fernández
- Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Centro de Investigación de Ciencias Ambientales, Avenida Laguna de Términos s/n., Colonia Renovación 2da Sección, C.P. 24155 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.
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Cortés-Altamirano R, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Salas-de-León DA. Historical observations of algal blooms in Mazatlan Bay, Sinaloa, Mexico (1979-2014). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210631. [PMID: 30699162 PMCID: PMC6353142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A 35-year record of algal blooms in Mazatlan Bay is reviewed in order to register bloom-forming species and their seasonal presence, duration, degree of toxicity and environmental impact. A total of 202 algal blooms have been recorded and 25 dominant species identified: 6 toxic, 5 harmful and 14 harmless species. A harmless species, Myrionecta rubra, tended to decrease in frequency, while toxic species Gymnodinium catenatum and Margalefidinium polykrikoides showed a clear trend towards an increase in frequency. The number of discoloration days attributable to blooms was highly variable in each year, but a decadal analysis revealed a tendency to increase. The monthly distribution of algal blooms for decades showed two peaks of high frequency, the larger from February to May and the smaller from September to November. The duration of blooms varied from a few days to more than three months; the ephemeral blooms were the most frequent, but in the last decade, the frequency of the longer-lasting blooms has increased. An absence of blooms in 1983-4 and 1992-3 coincided with strong El Niño events, but this pattern was not consistent in subsequent El Niño years. Years with more or fewer discolorations days appear to be associated with cold or warm phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cortés-Altamirano
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Rosalba Alonso-Rodríguez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - David Alberto Salas-de-León
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Cuellar-Martinez T, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Ruiz-Fernández AC, de Vernal A, Morquecho L, Limoges A, Henry M, Sanchez-Cabeza JA. Environmental forcing on the flux of organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in recent sediments from a subtropical lagoon in the Gulf of California. Sci Total Environ 2018; 621:548-557. [PMID: 29195203 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the relationship of changes in organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) fluxes to sediments with environmental variables (air and sea surface temperatures, El Niño conditions, rainfall, and terrigenous index), cyst assemblages were analyzed in a 210Pb-dated sediment core (~100years) from the pristine San José Lagoon (San José Island, SW Gulf of California). The dinocyst abundance ranged from 3784 to 25,108cystsg-1 and fluxes were of the order of 103-104cystscm-2yr-1. Lingulodinium machaerophorum, Polysphaeridium zoharyi and Spiniferites taxa accounted for 96% of the total dinocyst assemblages, and the abundances of these species increased towards the core surface. P. zoharyi fluxes increased from about 1965 onwards. Redundancy analyses, showed that mean minimum air temperature and terrigenous index were the key factors governing dinocyst fluxes. In this study, dinocyst fluxes of dominant taxa had responded to changes in climate-dependent environmental variables during the past ~20years; this may also be the case in other subtropical coastal lagoons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasa Cuellar-Martinez
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, C.P. 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rosalba Alonso-Rodríguez
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 82040 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 82040 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Anne de Vernal
- Geotop, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 8888, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Lourdes Morquecho
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. I.P.N. 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur. 23096, Mexico
| | - Audrey Limoges
- University of New Brunswick, Department of Earth Sciences, 2 Bailey Drive, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Maryse Henry
- Geotop, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 8888, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza
- Unidad Académica Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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Alonso-Rodríguez R, Mendoza-Amézquita E, Velásquez-López SA, Seim JA, Martínez-Rodríguez VM. Florecimientos algales nocivos producidos por Pyrodinium bahamense en Oaxaca, México (2009-2010). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.21149/spm.v57i4.7578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objetivo. Monitorear el dinoflagelado Pyrodinium bahamense y sus toxinas en ostión de roca Striostrea prismatica en Santiago Astata y en Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca, de septiembre de 2009 a junio de 2010. Material y métodos. Se analizó mensualmente la abundancia de Pyrodinium bahamense mediante el método de Sedgewick-Rafter y la concentración de toxinas paralizantes y perfil tóxico en tejido blando del molusco en muestras compuestas de cada zona por el método de cromatografía líquida de alta resolución. Resultados. Se encontró alta abundancia de Pyrodinium bahamense en Santiago Astata en diciembre, febrero, abril y junio, y en Puerto Escondido en abril y junio. Los niveles de toxinas paralizantes fueron superiores al límite permisible para consumo humano en Santiago Astata en noviembre, diciembre, enero, febrero y junio; en la zona de Puerto Escondido, en diciembre y junio. Conclusiones. Estos niveles de toxinas representaron riesgo para la salud pública en la zona de estudio.
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Alonso-Rodríguez R, Mendoza-Amézquita E, Velásquez-López SA, Seim JA, Martínez-Rodríguez VM. [Harmful algal blooms produced by Pyrodinium bahamense in Oaxaca, Mexico (2009-2010)]. Salud Publica Mex 2015; 57:343-351. [PMID: 26395800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pyrodinium bahamense monitoring in water and their toxins in rock oyster Striostrea prismatica in Santiago Astata and Puerto Escondido Oaxaca was performed from September 2009 to July 2010. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pyrodinium bahamense abundance in water, and concentration and toxic profile of paralytic shellfish toxins were analyzed monthly in soft tissue of mollusk in composite samples in high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS High abundance of Pyrodinium bahamense was found in Santiago Astata on December, February, April and June; and in Puerto Escondido on April and June. The concentrations of the paralyzing toxin that exceeded the regulatory limit for human consumption of mollusks (800 µg STX eq. kg⁻¹) were presented in Santiago Astata on November, December, January, February and June; and in Puerto Escondido on December and June. CONCLUSIONS For several months there was risk to public health due to the presence of paralytic shellfish toxins above the regulatory limit in oysters from the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Alonso-Rodríguez
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México
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Páez-Osuna F, Piñón-Gimate A, Ochoa-Izaguirre MJ, Ruiz-Fernández AC, Ramírez-Reséndiz G, Alonso-Rodríguez R. Dominance patterns in macroalgal and phytoplankton biomass under different nutrient loads in subtropical coastal lagoons of the SE Gulf of California. Mar Pollut Bull 2013; 77:274-281. [PMID: 24139642 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nine macroalgal blooms were studied in five coastal lagoons of the SE Gulf of California. The nutrient loads from point and diffuse sources were estimated in the proximity of the macroalgal blooms. Chlorophyll a and macroalgal biomass were measured during the dry, rainy and cold seasons. Shrimp farms were the main point source of nitrogen and phosphorus loads for the lagoons. High biomasses were found during the dry season for phytoplankton at site 6 (791.7±34.6 mg m(-2)) and during the rainy season for macroalgae at site 4 (296.0±82.4 g m(-2)). Depending on the season, the phytoplankton biomass ranged between 40.0 and 791.7 mg m(-2) and the macroalgal biomass between 1 and 296.0 g m(-2). The bulk biomass (phytoplankton+macroalgal) displayed the same tendency as the nutrient loads entering the coastal lagoons. Phytoplankton and macroalgal biomass presented a significant correlation with the atomic N:P ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Páez-Osuna
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Apdo. Postal 811, Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82040, Mexico; Miembro de El Colegio de Sinaloa, Antonio Rosales 435 Pte. Culiacan, Sinaloa 80000, Mexico.
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Osuna-Martínez CC, Páez-Osuna F, Alonso-Rodríguez R. Cadmium, copper, lead and zinc in cultured oysters under two contrasting climatic conditions in coastal lagoons from SE Gulf of California, Mexico. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2011; 87:272-275. [PMID: 21748472 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine the metal concentrations in cultured oysters from four coastal lagoons from SE Gulf of California, several individuals of Crassostrea gigas and C. corteziensis were collected and their cadmium, copper, lead and zinc levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry after acid digestion. The concentration of metals in oyster soft tissue was Zn > Cu > Cd > Pb. In two lagoons, Cd concentrations (10.1-13.5 μg g(-1) dw) exceeded the maximum level allowed according to the Official Mexican Standard (NOM-031-SSA1-1993), which is equivalent to the WHO recommended Cd levels in organisms used for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C Osuna-Martínez
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Mexico
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Osuna-Martínez CC, Páez-Osuna F, Alonso-Rodríguez R. Mercury in cultured oysters (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, 1793 and C. corteziensis Hertlein, 1951) from four coastal lagoons of the SE Gulf of California, Mexico. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2010; 85:339-343. [PMID: 20697884 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-010-0071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine the mercury concentrations in cultured oysters from coastal lagoons (SE Gulf of California), several individuals of Crassostrea gigas and C. corteziensis were collected and their mercury levels were measured with a cold vapor analyzer. The mean concentrations during the rainy and dry seasons, respectively, were 0.70 and 0.15 microg g(-1) in C. gigas and 0.56 and 0.18 microg g(-1) in C. corteziensis. During the rainy season, elevated mercury contents are apparently related to terrigen transport from the watershed, while during the dry season, the moderate levels are related to upwellings.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Osuna-Martínez
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
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Dorantes-Aranda JJ, García-de la Parra LM, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Morquecho L, Voltolina D. Toxic effect of the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides on the spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus. Environ Toxicol 2010; 25:319-326. [PMID: 19437451 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides isolated from Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California, showed an important short-term toxic effect on the spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus. This microalga was able to decrease fish liver catalase activity and lipid peroxidation. Fish exposed to live dinoflagellates developed an abnormal mucus secretion on the gills that was directly related to algal cell concentration. Hepatic catalase inhibition and an increase in mucus secretion on the gills occurred when fish were exposed to 2 x 10(6) cells L(-1) of C. polykrikoides. Lipid peroxidation was significantly different at 4 x 10(6) cells L(-1) and the hepatosomatic index decreased at 3 x 10(6) cells L(-1). Our results suggest that oxidative stress contributes, at least in part, to the ichthyotoxic effect of C. polykrikoides from the Gulf of California.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Dorantes-Aranda
- Postgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Apdo. Postal 811, Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82040, Mexico.
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Dorantes-Aranda JJ, García-de la Parra LM, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Morquecho L. Hemolytic activity and fatty acids composition in the ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides isolated from Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California. Mar Pollut Bull 2009; 58:1401-1405. [PMID: 19616264 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The hemolytic activity of the dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides from Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California was investigated as part of the ichthyotoxic mechanism of this microalga. Two different kinds of erythrocytes, fish and human, were tested for the hemolytic assay. Since fatty acids have been associated with hemolytic activity in C. polykrikoides, the composition of fatty acids of this dinoflagellate was also analyzed. The concentration of C. polykrikoides causing 50% hemolysis (HE(50)) was 4.88 and 5.27x10(6) cellsL(-1), for fish and human erythrocytes, respectively. According to the standard curve of saponin, an equivalence between the hemolytic activity of saponin and the dinoflagellate concentration was found with 1mug saponinmL(-1) equivalent to 1x10(6) cellsL(-1) of C. polykrikoides. The polyunsaturated fatty acids: hexadecaenoic (16:0), docosahexaenoic (22:6 n3) and octadecapentaenoic (18:5 n3) were found in an abundance of approximately 62% of total fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Dorantes-Aranda
- Postgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Apdo. Postal 811, Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82040, Mexico.
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Hernández-Becerril DU, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Alvarez-Góngora C, Barón-Campis SA, Ceballos-Corona G, Herrera-Silveira J, Meave Del Castillo ME, Juárez-Ruíz N, Merino-Virgilio F, Morales-Blake A, Ochoa JL, Orellana-Cepeda E, Ramírez-Camarena C, Rodríguez-Salvador R. Toxic and harmful marine phytoplankton and microalgae (HABs) in Mexican Coasts. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2007; 42:1349-63. [PMID: 17680474 DOI: 10.1080/10934520701480219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are becoming an increasing problem to human health and environment (including effects on natural and cultured resources, tourism and ecosystems) all over the world. In Mexico a number of human fatalities and important economic losses have occurred in the last 30 years because of these events. There are about 70 species of planktonic and non-planktonic microalgae considered harmful in Mexican coasts. The most important toxin-producing species are the dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum, in the Mexican Pacific, and Karenia brevis in the Gulf of Mexico, and consequently the poisonings documented in Mexico are Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) and Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP). Although there is evidence that Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP), Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) and Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) also occur in Mexico, these problems are reported less frequently. The type of phytoplankton and epiphytic microalgae, their toxins and harmful effects as well as current methodology used to study these phenomena are presented in this paper. As an experienced group of workers, we include descriptions of monitoring and mitigation programs, our proposals for collaborative projects and perspectives on future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David U Hernández-Becerril
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico.
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Gárate-Lizárraga I, Bustillos-Guzmán JJ, Morquecho L, Band-Schmidt CJ, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Erler K, Luckas B, Reyes-Salinas A, Góngora-González DT. Comparative paralytic shellfish toxin profiles in the strains of Gymnodinium catenatum Graham from the Gulf of California, Mexico. Mar Pollut Bull 2005; 50:211-217. [PMID: 15737363 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2004] [Revised: 11/07/2004] [Accepted: 11/08/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Gárate-Lizárraga
- Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN), Apdo. Postal 592, La Paz, B.C.S. 23000, México.
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Gárate-Lizárraga I, Bustillos-Guzmán JJ, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Luckas B. Comparative paralytic shellfish toxin profiles in two marine bivalves during outbreaks of Gymnodinium catenatum (Dinophyceae) in the Gulf of California. Mar Pollut Bull 2004; 48:397-402. [PMID: 14972594 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Gárate-Lizárraga
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN), Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina, Apartado Postal 592, C.P. 23000 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
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Páez-Osuna F, Gracia A, Flores-Verdugo F, Lyle-Fritch LP, Alonso-Rodríguez R, Roque A, Ruiz-Fernández AC. Shrimp aquaculture development and the environment in the Gulf of California ecoregion. Mar Pollut Bull 2003; 46:806-815. [PMID: 12837298 DOI: 10.1016/s0025-326x(03)00107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Beginning in the middle of the 1980s, the Gulf of California ecoregion experienced a boom in shrimp aquaculture and became the second largest producer in the western hemisphere. The moderated, but continual development of shrimp farming, in conjunction with municipal and agriculture effluents has been accompanied by concern about: (a) depletion of fishing stocks, (b) reduction of mangrove forest, (c) frequent harmful algal blooms in coastal waters and shrimp ponds, and (d) water quality deterioration. We demonstrate that environmental degradation resulted from a conjunction of factors including agriculture, untreated municipal effluents, shrimp aquaculture, increasing number of fishermen, and an absence of an effective regulatory program. We recommend the immediate implementation of an integrated coastal management program to protect the integrity of the coastal ecosystems and operate upon the principle of environmental sustainability for the different economic activities including shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Páez-Osuna
- Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologi;a, Universidad Nacional Autonoma Mexico, Apdo. Postal 811, Mazatlán 82000, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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