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Li B, Wang L, Gao L, Xu T, Zhang D, Li F, Lyu J, Zhu R, Gao X, Zhang H, Hu BL, Li RW. Elastic Relaxor Ferroelectric by Thiol-ene Click Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400511. [PMID: 38488202 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
As ferroelectrics hold significance and application prospects in wearable devices, the elastification of ferroelectrics becomes more and more important. Nevertheless, achieving elastic ferroelectrics requires stringent synthesis conditions, while the elastification of relaxor ferroelectric materials remains unexplored, presenting an untapped potential for utilization in energy storage and actuation for wearable electronics. The thiol-ene click reaction offers a mild and rapid reaction platform to prepare functional polymers. Therefore, we employed this approach to obtain an elastic relaxor ferroelectric by crosslinking an intramolecular carbon-carbon double bonds (CF=CH) polymer matrix with multiple thiol groups via a thiol-ene click reaction. The resulting elastic relaxor ferroelectric demonstrates pronounced relaxor-type ferroelectric behaviour. This material exhibits low modulus, excellent resilience, and fatigue resistance, maintaining a stable ferroelectric response even under strains up to 70 %. This study introduces a straightforward and efficient approach for the construction of elastic relaxor ferroelectrics, thereby expanding the application possibilities in wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, P. R. China, 650500
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 West Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, P. R. China, 315201
| | - Linping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 West Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, P. R. China, 315201
| | - Liang Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 West Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, P. R. China, 315201
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, No.166 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, P. R. China, 215123
| | - Tianhua Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 West Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, P. R. China, 315201
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, P. R. China, 100049
| | - Dongyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 West Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, P. R. China, 315201
| | - Fangzhou Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 West Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, P. R. China, 315201
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, P. R. China, 100049
| | - Jike Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 West Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, P. R. China, 315201
| | - Ren Zhu
- Oxford Instruments Asylum Research, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Xin Gao
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, P. R. China, 650500
| | - Heng Zhang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, P. R. China, 650500
| | - Ben-Lin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 West Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, P. R. China, 315201
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, P. R. China, 100049
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 West Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, P. R. China, 315201
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, P. R. China, 100049
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Liu J, Song L, He Z, Wang S, Zhang W, Yang H, Li F, Li S, Wang J, Xiao H, Xu D, Liu Y, Wu Y, Wang JQ, Shui X, Hu YC, Shang J, Li RW. Size Dependent Phase Transformation of Liquid Gallium. Small 2024; 20:e2305798. [PMID: 37849041 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
As the most popular liquid metal (LM), gallium (Ga) and its alloys are emerging as functional materials due to their unique combination of fluidic and metallic properties near room temperature. As an important branch of utilizing LMs, micro- and submicron-particles of Ga-based LM are widely employed in wearable electronics, catalysis, energy, and biomedicine. Meanwhile, the phase transition is crucial not only for the applications based on this reversible transformation process, but also for the solidification temperature at which fluid properties are lost. While Ga has several solid phases and exhibits unusual size-dependent phase behavior. This complex process makes the phase transition and undercooling of Ga uncontrollable, which considerably affects the application performance. In this work, extensive (nano-)calorimetry experiments are performed to investigate the polymorph selection mechanism during liquid Ga crystallization. It is surprisingly found that the crystallization temperature and crystallization pathway to either α -Ga or β -Ga can be effectively engineered by thermal treatment and droplet size. The polymorph selection process is suggested to be highly relevant to the capability of forming covalent bonds in the equilibrium supercooled liquid. The observation of two different crystallization pathways depending on the annealing temperature may indicate that there exist two different liquid phases in Ga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lijian Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Zidong He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shengding Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wuxu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huali Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Fali Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Shengbin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jianing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huiyun Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Qiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Shui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Chao Hu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Liu X, Sun C, Ye X, Zhu X, Hu C, Tan H, He S, Shao M, Li RW. Neuromorphic Nanoionics for Human-Machine Interaction: From Materials to Applications. Adv Mater 2024:e2311472. [PMID: 38421081 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Human-machine interaction (HMI) technology has undergone significant advancements in recent years, enabling seamless communication between humans and machines. Its expansion has extended into various emerging domains, including human healthcare, machine perception, and biointerfaces, thereby magnifying the demand for advanced intelligent technologies. Neuromorphic computing, a paradigm rooted in nanoionic devices that emulate the operations and architecture of the human brain, has emerged as a powerful tool for highly efficient information processing. This paper delivers a comprehensive review of recent developments in nanoionic device-based neuromorphic computing technologies and their pivotal role in shaping the next-generation of HMI. Through a detailed examination of fundamental mechanisms and behaviors, the paper explores the ability of nanoionic memristors and ion-gated transistors to emulate the intricate functions of neurons and synapses. Crucial performance metrics, such as reliability, energy efficiency, flexibility, and biocompatibility, are rigorously evaluated. Potential applications, challenges, and opportunities of using the neuromorphic computing technologies in emerging HMI technologies, are discussed and outlooked, shedding light on the fusion of humans with machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Cong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Shang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Mengjie Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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Wang L, Gao L, Li B, Hu B, Xu T, Lin H, Zhu R, Hu BL, Li RW. High-Curie-Temperature Elastic Polymer Ferroelectric by Carbene Cross-Linking. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5614-5621. [PMID: 38354217 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
With the emergence of wearable electronics, ferroelectrics are poised to serve as key components for numerous potential applications. Currently, intrinsically elastic ferroelectrics featuring a network structure through a precise "slight cross-linking" approach have been realized. The resulting elastic ferroelectrics demonstrate a combination of stable ferroelectric properties and remarkable resilience under various strains. However, challenges arose as the cross-linking temperature was too high when integrating ferroelectrics with other functional materials, and the Curie temperature of this elastic ferroelectric was comparatively low. Addressing these challenges, we strategically chose a poly(vinylidene fluoride)-based copolymer with high vinylidene fluoride content to obtain a high Curie temperature while synthesizing a cross-linker with carbene intermediate for high reactivity to reduce the cross-linking temperature. At a relatively low temperature, we successfully fabricated elastic ferroelectrics through carbene cross-linking. The resulting elastic polymer ferroelectrics exhibit a higher Curie temperature and show a stable ferroelectric response under strains up to 50%. These materials hold significant potential for integration into wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Liang Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bowen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bing Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Tianhua Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ren Zhu
- Oxford Instruments Asylum Research, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ben-Lin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Jiang Q, Yang H, Xue W, Yang R, Shen J, Zhang X, Li RW, Xu X. Controlled Growth of Submillimeter-Scale Cr 5Te 8 Nanosheets and the Domain Wall Nucleation Governed Magnetization Reversal Process. Nano Lett 2024; 24:1246-1253. [PMID: 38198620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnets have attracted widespread attention for promising applications in compact spintronic devices. However, the controlled synthesis of high-quality, large-sized, and ultrathin 2D magnets via facile, economical method remains challenging. Herein, we develop a hydrogen-tailored chemical vapor deposition approach to fabricating 2D Cr5Te8 ferromagnetic nanosheets. Interestingly, the time period of introducing hydrogen was found to be crucial for controlling the lateral size, and a Cr5Te8 single-crystalline nanosheet of lateral size up to ∼360 μm with single-unit-cell thickness has been obtained. These samples exhibit a leading role of domain wall nucleation in governing the magnetization reversal process, providing important references for optimizing the performances of associated devices. The nanosheets also show notable magnetotransport response, including nonmonotonous magnetic-field-dependent magnetoresistance and sizable anomalous Hall resistivity, demonstrating Cr5Te8 as a promising material for constructing high-performance magnetoelectronic devices. This study presents a breakthrough of large-sized CVD-grown 2D magnetic materials, which is indispensable for constructing 2D spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qitao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Huali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wuhong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Ruilong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Jianlei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Zhongfa Aviation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 311115, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
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Sun C, Liu X, Yao Q, Jiang Q, Xia X, Shen Y, Ye X, Tan H, Gao R, Zhu X, Li RW. A Discolorable Flexible Synaptic Transistor for Wearable Health Monitoring. ACS Nano 2024; 18:515-525. [PMID: 38126328 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional intelligent wearable electronics, providing integrated physiological signal analysis, storage, and display for real-time and on-site health status diagnosis, have great potential to revolutionize health monitoring technologies. Advanced wearable systems combine isolated digital processor, memory, and display modules for function integration; however, they suffer from compatibility and reliability issues. Here, we introduce a flexible multifunctional electrolyte-gated transistor (EGT) that integrates synaptic learning, memory, and autonomous discoloration functionalities for intelligent wearable application. This device exhibits synergistic light absorption coefficient changes during voltage-gated ion doping that modulate the electrical conductance changes for synaptic function implementation. By adaptively changing color, the EGT can differentiate voltage pulse inputs with different frequency, amplitude, and duration parameters, exhibiting excellent reversibility and reliability. We developed a smart wearable monitoring system that incorporates EGT devices and sensors for respiratory and electrocardiogram signal analysis, providing health warnings through real-time and on-site discoloration. This study represents a significant step toward smart wearable technologies for health management, offering health evaluation through intelligent displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xuerong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Quanxing Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangling Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Youfeng Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto FI-00076, Finland
| | - Runsheng Gao
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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Li S, Wu Y, Asghar W, Li F, Zhang Y, He Z, Liu J, Wang Y, Liao M, Shang J, Ren L, Du Y, Makarov D, Liu Y, Li RW. Wearable Magnetic Field Sensor with Low Detection Limit and Wide Operation Range for Electronic Skin Applications. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2304525. [PMID: 38037314 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Flexible electronic devices extended abilities of humans to perceive their environment conveniently and comfortably. Among them, flexible magnetic field sensors are crucial to detect changes in the external magnetic field. State-of-the-art flexible magnetoelectronics do not exhibit low detection limit and large working range simultaneously, which limits their application potential. Herein, a flexible magnetic field sensor possessing a low detection limit of 22 nT and wide sensing range from 22 nT up to 400 mT is reported. With the detection range of seven orders of magnitude in magnetic field sensor constitutes at least one order of magnitude improvement over current flexible magnetic field sensor technologies. The sensor is designed as a cantilever beam structure accommodating a flexible permanent magnetic composite and an amorphous magnetic wire enabling sensitivity to low magnetic fields. To detect high fields, the anisotropy of the giant magnetoimpedance effect of amorphous magnetic wires to the magnetic field direction is explored. Benefiting from mechanical flexibility of sensor and its broad detection range, its application potential for smart wearables targeting geomagnetic navigation, touchless interactivity, rehabilitation appliances, and safety interfaces providing warnings of exposure to high magnetic fields are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Waqas Asghar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Taxila, 47050, Pakistan
| | - Fali Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Zidong He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jinyun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Meiyong Liao
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Long Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yi Du
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Denys Makarov
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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8
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Hu BL, Dkhil B, Li RW. The way to elastic ferroelectrics. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:2691-2694. [PMID: 37867060 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Lin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Brahim Dkhil
- Laboratoire Structures, Propriétés et Modélisation des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, CNRS-UMR8580, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France.
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
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9
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Wang T, Fan Z, Xue W, Yang H, Li RW, Xu X. Controlled Growth and Size-Dependent Magnetic Domain States of 2D γ-Fe 2O 3. Nano Lett 2023; 23:10498-10504. [PMID: 37939014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Nonlayered two-dimensional (2D) magnets have attracted special attention, as many of them possess magnetic order above room temperature and enhanced chemical stability compared to most existing vdW magnets, which offers remarkable opportunities for developing compact spintronic devices. However, the growth of these materials is quite challenging due to the inherent three-dimensionally bonded nature, which hampers the study of their magnetism. Here, we demonstrate the controllable growth of air-stable pure γ-Fe2O3 nanoflakes by a confined-vdW epitaxial approach. The lateral size of the nanoflakes could be adjusted from hundreds of nanometers to tens of micrometers by precisely controlling the annealing time. Interestingly, a lateral-size-dependent magnetic domain configuration was observed. As the sizes continuously increase, the magnetic domain evolves from single domain to vortex and finally to multidomain. This work provides guidance for the controllable synthesis of 2D inverse spinel-type crystals and expands the range of magnetic vortex materials into magnetic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuhong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, People's Republic of China
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10
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Xia X, Xiang Z, Gao Z, Hu S, Zhang W, Long R, Du Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Li W, Shang J, Li RW. Structural Design and DLP 3D Printing Preparation of High Strain Stable Flexible Pressure Sensors. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2304409. [PMID: 37953443 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors are crucial force-sensitive devices in wearable electronics, robotics, and other fields due to their stretchability, high sensitivity, and easy integration. However, a limitation of existing pressure sensors is their reduced sensing accuracy when subjected to stretching. This study addresses this issue by adopting finite element simulation optimization, using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology to design and fabricate the force-sensitive structure of flexible pressure sensors. This is the first systematic study of how force-sensitive structures enhance tensile strain stability of flexible resistive pressure sensors. 18 types of force-sensitive structures have been investigated by finite element design, simultaneously, the modulus of the force-sensitive structure is also a critical consideration as it exerts a significant influence on the overall tensile stability of the sensor. Based on simulation results, a well-designed and highly stretch-stable flexible resistive pressure sensor has been fabricated which exhibits a resistance change rate of 0.76% and pressure sensitivity change rate of 0.22% when subjected to strains ranging from no tensile strain to 20% tensile strain, demonstrating extremely low stretching response characteristics. This study presents innovative solutions for designing and fabricating flexible resistive pressure sensors that maintain stable sensing performance even under stretch conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ziyin Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyi Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Siqi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wuxu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ren Long
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yi Du
- School of Physics and BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wenxian Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
- Materials and Manufacturing Futures Institute, School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- College of Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
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11
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Li M, Yang H, Xie Y, Huang K, Pan L, Tang W, Bao X, Yang Y, Sun J, Wang X, Che S, Li RW. Enhanced Stress Stability in Flexible Co/Pt Multilayers with Strong Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy. Nano Lett 2023; 23:8073-8080. [PMID: 37615627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to the magnetoelastic coupling, the magnetic properties of many flexible magnetic films (such as Fe, Co, and Ni) are sensitive to mechanical stress, which deteriorates the performance of flexible magnetoelectronic devices. We show that by stacking Co and Pt alternatively to form multilayers with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), both magnetic hysteresis and magnetic domain measurements reveal robust PMA against external stress. As the PMA weakens at increased Co thickness, the magnetic anisotropy is vulnerable to external stress. These results were understood based on a micromagnetic model, which suggests that the strength of magnetoelastic anisotropy with respect to initial effective magnetic anisotropy affects the stress-stability of the film. Although the stress coefficient of magnetoelastic anisotropy is enhanced at reduced Co thickness, the concomitant increase of initial effective magnetic anisotropy guarantees a robust PMA against external stress. Our results provide a route to constructing flexible magnetoelectronic devices with enhanced stress stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310034, People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310034, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xilai Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Yang
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenglei Che
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310034, People's Republic of China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
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12
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Gao FL, Liu J, Li XP, Ma Q, Zhang T, Yu ZZ, Shang J, Li RW, Li X. Ti 3C 2T x MXene-Based Multifunctional Tactile Sensors for Precisely Detecting and Distinguishing Temperature and Pressure Stimuli. ACS Nano 2023; 17:16036-16047. [PMID: 37577988 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Although skin-like sensors that can simultaneously detect various physical stimuli are of fair importance in cutting-edge human-machine interaction, robotic, and healthcare applications, they still face challenges in facile, scalable, and cost-effective production using conventional active materials. The emerging two-dimensional transition metal carbide, Ti3C2Tx MXene, integrated with favorable thermoelectric properties, metallic-like conductivity, and a hydrophilic surface, is promising for solving these problems. Herein, skin-like multifunctional sensors are designed to precisely detect and distinguish temperature and pressure stimuli without cross-talk by decorating elastic and porous substrates with MXene sheets. Because the combination of the thermoelectric and conductive MXene with the thermally insulating, elastic, and porous substrate integrates efficient Seebeck and piezoresistive effects, the resultant sensor exhibits not only an ultralow detection limit (0.05 K), high signal-to-noise ratio, and excellent cycling stability for temperature detection but also high sensitivity, fast response time, and outstanding durability for pressure detection. Based on the impressive dual-mode sensing properties and independent temperature and pressure detections, a multimode input terminal and an electronic skin are created, exhibiting great potential in robotic and human-machine interaction applications. This work provides a scalable fabrication of multifunctional tactile sensors for precisely detecting and distinguishing temperature and pressure stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Lin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ji Liu
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Xiao-Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhong-Zhen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Xiong CZ, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li RW, Sun Y, Liu YH. [Ferroptosis is involved in testicular injury induced by TDCIPP in adolescent male mice]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:562-568. [PMID: 37667150 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220512-00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of ferroptosis in testicular injury in adolescent male mice induced by TDCIPP. Methods: In December 2021, 30 healthy 3-week-old male C57BL/6 mice, with a body weight of (13±2) g, were selected and fed adaptive for one week. They were divided into control group, low-dose group, medium-dose group, high-dose group and iron death inhibitor group according to a random number table, with 6 mice in each group. Mice in low, medium and high dose groups were treated with 5, 25 and 125 mg/ (kg·d) TDCIPP for 28 days, respectively, while the control group was treated with the same amount of corn oil for 28 days. The iron death inhibitor group was given 125 mg/ (kg·d) TDCIPP intragastric administration for 28 days, and 30 mg/kg DFO saline solution was intraperitoneally injected three times a week. After the treatment, the mice were killed, the epididymis was separated, and sperm count was performed. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of mouse testis, and iron content in testis was detected by tissue iron detection kit. The level of reactive cxygen species, MDA content, and the mitochondrial membrane potential level of mice were detected. Western blot analysis of testicular glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) and internal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) protein expression. Results: Compared with the control group, the spermatogenic cells in the testes of mice treated with medium-and high-dose of TDCIPP were disorderly arranged, showing a vacuolar structure. the number of sperm in the epididymis was significantly reduced (P=0.009, 0.004), while the sperm deformity rate was significantly increased (P=0.010, 0.000). Moreover, the content of ROS, iron ion and MDA in the testes increased significantly (P<0.05), and the mitochondrial membrane potential of mouse testicular cells decreased significantly (P<0.05). The expression of GPX4 proteins decreased (P<0.05). while the expression of COX2 increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with high-dose group group, spermatogenic cells in ferroptosis inhibitor group were closely arranged and normal, and ROS and Fe contents in testicular tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.01) ; GPX4 protein expression was significantly increased while COX2 protein expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Ferroptosis is involved in TDCIPP-induced testicular damage in male pubertal mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Z Xiong
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - L Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Y Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - R W Li
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Y Sun
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Y H Liu
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
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14
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Gao L, Hu BL, Wang L, Cao J, He R, Zhang F, Wang Z, Xue W, Yang H, Li RW. Intrinsically elastic polymer ferroelectric by precise slight cross-linking. Science 2023; 381:540-544. [PMID: 37535722 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh2509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectrics are an integral component of the modern world and are of importance in electrics, electronics, and biomedicine. However, their usage in emerging wearable electronics is limited by inelastic deformation. We developed intrinsically elastic ferroelectrics by combining ferroelectric response and elastic resilience into one material by slight cross-linking of plastic ferroelectric polymers. The precise slight cross-linking can realize the complex balance between crystallinity and resilience. Thus, we obtained an elastic ferroelectric with a stable ferroelectric response under mechanical deformation up to 70% strain. This elastic ferroelectric exerts potentials in applications related to wearable electronics, such as elastic ferroelectric sensors, information storage, and energy transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ben-Lin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Linping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jinwei Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Ri He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Fengyuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wuhong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Huali Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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15
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Zheng C, Ning M, Zou Z, Lv G, Wu Q, Hou J, Man Q, Li RW. Two Birds with One Stone: Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Anticorrosion Performance in 2-18 GHz for Prussian Blue Analog Derivatives Aimed for Practical Applications. Small 2023; 19:e2208211. [PMID: 37078912 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the exploration of electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbers with anticorrosion to improve the survivability and environmental adaptability of military targets in the harsh environments is becoming an attractive and unavoidable challenge. Herein, through modulation of the metal composition in the precursors, the core@shell structure Prussian blue analog-derived NiCo@C, CoFe@C, NiFe@C, and NiCoFe@C are obtained with excellent EM wave absorption performance. As for NiCoFe@C, ascribed to the coupling effect of the dual magnetic alloy, a minimum reflection loss (RL) of -47.6 dB and an effective absorption bandwidthof 5.83 GHz are realized, which cover the whole Ku-band. Meanwhile, four absorbers display the lower corrosion current density (10-4 -10-6 A cm-2 ) and larger polarization resistance (104 -106 Ω) under acid, neutral, and alkaline corrosion conditions over uninterrupted 30 days. Furthermore, due to the spatial barrier effect and the passivation effect of the graphitic carbon shell , the continuous salt spray test has little effect on RL performance and inconspicuously changes the surface morphologies of coating, demonstrating its excellent bifunctional performance. This work lays the foundation for the development of metal-organic frameworks-derived materials with both anticorrosion and EM wave absorption performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Zheng
- School of Rare Earths, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Mingqiang Ning
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Zhe Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Ganggang Lv
- Innovation Center for Applied Magnetics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Innovation Center for Applied Magnetics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Jianhua Hou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Qikui Man
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
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16
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Sun Q, Guo Z, Zhu X, Jiang Q, Liu H, Liu X, Sun C, Zhang Y, Wu L, Li RW. Optogenetics-inspired manipulation of synaptic memory using all-optically controlled memristors. Nanoscale 2023. [PMID: 37248968 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00900a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Memristive synapses compatible with optogenetic techniques allow for the fast and low-power manipulation of memory activities using light in artificial neural systems. However, most of the optoelectronic memristors operate in the hybrid optic-electric mode; the reversible regulation of memristive states solely using light for optogenetic emulation is difficult. In this work, an all-optical controlled optoelectronic memristor (Au/Cs2AgBiBr6/Au) is developed for mimicking optogenetics-tuned memory formation and erasing behaviors in biological synapses. We show that the memristor exhibits positive and negative persistent photoconductivity effects under different light wavelengths, attributed to light-regulated carrier de-trapping/trapping at the Au/Cs2AgBiBr6 interface. This device can emulate both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic plasticity and associated learning and memory effects under light illumination. We constructed a prototype optoelectronic synaptic array and implemented the all-optically controlled memory implantation, erasing, and modification, demonstrating the light-reconfigured cognition capabilities. Our findings will inspire the development of all-optically controlled artificial neural systems with good reconfigurability for efficient neuromorphic computing and machine vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Sun
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Zhecheng Guo
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Qian Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huiyuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xuerong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Cui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yuejun Zhang
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Liu Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
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17
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Liu X, Sun C, Guo Z, Xia X, Jiang Q, Ye X, Shang J, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Li RW. Near-Sensor Reservoir Computing for Gait Recognition via a Multi-Gate Electrolyte-Gated Transistor. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2300471. [PMID: 36950731 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The recent emergence of various smart wearable electronics has furnished the rapid development of human-computer interaction, medical health monitoring technologies, etc. Unfortunately, processing redundant motion and physiological data acquired by multiple wearable sensors using conventional off-site digital computers typically result in serious latency and energy consumption problems. In this work, a multi-gate electrolyte-gated transistor (EGT)-based reservoir device for efficient multi-channel near-sensor computing is reported. The EGT, exhibiting rich short-term dynamics under voltage modulation, can implement nonlinear parallel integration of the time-series signals thus extracting the temporal features such as the synchronization state and collective frequency in the inputs. The flexible EGT integrated with pressure sensors can perform on-site gait information analysis, enabling the identification of motion behaviors and Parkinson's disease. This near-sensor reservoir computing system offers a new route for rapid analysis of the motion and physiological signals with significantly improved efficiency and will lead to robust smart flexible wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Cui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Zhecheng Guo
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xiangling Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yuejun Zhang
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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18
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Wang S, Liu C, Liu J, Li S, Xu F, Xu D, Zhang W, Wu Y, Shang J, Liu Y, Li RW. Highly Stable Liquid Metal Conductors with Superior Electrical Stability and Tough Interface Bonding for Stretchable Electronics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:22291-22300. [PMID: 37127569 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ga-based liquid metal stretchable conductors have recently gained interest in flexible electronic devices such as electrodes, antennas, and sensors. It is essential to maintain electrical stability under strain or cyclic strain for reliable data acquisition and exhibit tough interfacial bonding between liquid metal and polymers to prevent performance loss and device failure. Herein, a highly stable conductor with superior electrical stability and tough interface bonding is introduced by casting curable polymers and a peeling-activated process from liquid metal particles. Based on the compensating effect of liquid metal, similar to the recharge relationship of water between rivers and lakes in nature, the conductor is not only strain-insensitive (ΔR/R0 < 10% for 100% strain) but also immune to cyclic deformation (ΔR/R0 < 7% with 5000 stretching cycles at 50% strain). Embedding liquid metal within the elastomer to create stretchable conductors effectively improves interfacial adhesion properties (the fluid-solid interfacial adhesion force increases from 0.48 to 0.62 mN/mm2). The constructed tough interface could even withstand sonication treatment. Finally, by combining strategies in material design and fabrication, an integrated array composed of vertical interconnect access and robust electrodes is fabricated, which simultaneously holds tough interfacial bonding with the upper and lower layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengding Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shiying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wuxu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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19
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Pan L, Xie Y, Yang H, Li M, Bao X, Shang J, Li RW. Flexible Magnetic Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:4083. [PMID: 37112422 PMCID: PMC10141728 DOI: 10.3390/s23084083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
With the merits of high sensitivity, high stability, high flexibility, low cost, and simple manufacturing, flexible magnetic field sensors have potential applications in various fields such as geomagnetosensitive E-Skins, magnetoelectric compass, and non-contact interactive platforms. Based on the principles of various magnetic field sensors, this paper introduces the research progress of flexible magnetic field sensors, including the preparation, performance, related applications, etc. In addition, the prospects of flexible magnetic field sensors and their challenges are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yali Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Huali Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Mengchao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xilai Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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20
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Liu C, Wang Y, Wang S, Xia X, Xiao H, Liu J, Hu S, Yi X, Liu Y, Wu Y, Shang J, Li RW. Design and 3D Printing of Stretchable Conductor with High Dynamic Stability. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:3098. [PMID: 37109934 PMCID: PMC10146708 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As an indispensable part of wearable devices and mechanical arms, stretchable conductors have received extensive attention in recent years. The design of a high-dynamic-stability, stretchable conductor is the key technology to ensure the normal transmission of electrical signals and electrical energy of wearable devices under large mechanical deformation, which has always been an important research topic domestically and abroad. In this paper, a stretchable conductor with a linear bunch structure is designed and prepared by combining numerical modeling and simulation with 3D printing technology. The stretchable conductor consists of a 3D-printed bunch-structured equiwall elastic insulating resin tube and internally filled free-deformable liquid metal. This conductor has a very high conductivity exceeding 104 S cm-1, good stretchability with an elongation at break exceeding 50%, and great tensile stability, with a relative change in resistance of only about 1% at 50% tensile strain. Finally, this paper demonstrates it as a headphone cable (transmitting electrical signals) and a mobile phone charging wire (transmitting electrical energy), which proves its good mechanical and electrical properties and shows good application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Shengding Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiangling Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Huiyun Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jinyun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Siqi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiaohui Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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21
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Ye X, Zhu X, Yang H, Duan J, Gao S, Sun C, Liu X, Li RW. Selective Dual-Ion Modulation in Solid-State Magnetoelectric Heterojunctions for In-Memory Encryption. Small 2023; 19:e2206824. [PMID: 36683213 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoionic technologies are identified as a promising approach to modulating the physical properties of solid-state dielectrics, which have resulted in various emergent nanodevices, such as nanoionic resistive switching devices and magnetoionic devices for memory and computing applications. Previous studies are limited to single-type ion manipulation, and the investigation of multiple-type ion modulation on the coupled magnetoelectric effects, for developing information devices with multiple integrated functionalities, remains elusive. Here, a dual-ion solid-state magnetoelectric heterojunction based on Pt/HfO2- x /NiOy /Ni with reconfigurable magnetoresistance (MR) characteristics is reported for in-memory encryption. It is shown that the oxygen anions and nickel cations can be selectively driven by voltages with controlled polarity and intensity, which concurrently change the overall electrical resistance and the interfacial magnetic coupling, thus significantly modulate the MR symmetry. Based on this device, a magnetoelectric memory prototype array with in-memory encryption functionality is designed for the secure storage of image and digit information. Along with the advantages including simple structure, multistate encryption, good reversibility, and nonvolatile modulation capability, this proof-of-concept device opens new avenues toward next-generation compact electronics with integrated information functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huali Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Jipeng Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Cui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xuerong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Guo S, Wang B, Wolf D, Lubk A, Xia W, Wang M, Xiao Y, Cui J, Pravarthana D, Dou Z, Leistner K, Li RW, Hühne R, Nielsch K. Hierarchically Engineered Manganite Thin Films with a Wide-Temperature-Range Colossal Magnetoresistance Response. ACS Nano 2023; 17:2517-2528. [PMID: 36651833 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Colossal magnetoresistance is of great fundamental and technological significance in condensed-matter physics, magnetic memory, and sensing technologies. However, its relatively narrow working temperature window is still a severe obstacle for potential applications due to the nature of the material-inherent phase transition. Here, we realized hierarchical La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films with well-defined (001) and (221) crystallographic orientations by combining substrate modification with conventional thin-film deposition. Microscopic investigations into its magnetic transition through electron holography reveal that the hierarchical microstructure significantly broadens the temperature range of the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition, which further widens the response temperature range of the macroscopic colossal magnetoresistance under the scheme of the double-exchange mechanism. Therefore, this work puts forward a method to alter the magnetic transition and thus to extend the magnetoresistance working window by nanoengineering, which might be a promising approach also for other phase-transition-related effects in functional oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
- Leibniz IFW Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Baomin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Axel Lubk
- Leibniz IFW Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics, TU Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Weixing Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingkun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Dhanapal Pravarthana
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehua Dou
- Leibniz IFW Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Karin Leistner
- Leibniz IFW Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Electrochemical Sensors and Energy Storage, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, TU Chemnitz, Chemnitz 09111, Germany
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
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23
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Sun C, Liu X, Jiang Q, Ye X, Zhu X, Li RW. Emerging electrolyte-gated transistors for neuromorphic perception. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2023; 24:2162325. [PMID: 36684849 PMCID: PMC9848240 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2162325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of intelligent robotics, the Internet of Things, and smart sensor technologies, great enthusiasm has been devoted to developing next-generation intelligent systems for the emulation of advanced perception functions of humans. Neuromorphic devices, capable of emulating the learning, memory, analysis, and recognition functions of biological neural systems, offer solutions to intelligently process sensory information. As one of the most important neuromorphic devices, Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) have shown great promise in implementing various vital neural functions and good compatibility with sensors. This review introduces the materials, operating principle, and performances of EGTs, followed by discussing the recent progress of EGTs for synapse and neuron emulation. Integrating EGTs with sensors that faithfully emulate diverse perception functions of humans such as tactile and visual perception is discussed. The challenges of EGTs for further development are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuerong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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Cao J, Li X, Liu Y, Zhu G, Li RW. Liquid Metal-Based Electronics for On-Skin Healthcare. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:bios13010084. [PMID: 36671919 PMCID: PMC9856137 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Wearable devices are receiving growing interest in modern technologies for realizing multiple on-skin purposes, including flexible display, flexible e-textiles, and, most importantly, flexible epidermal healthcare. A 'BEER' requirement, i.e., biocompatibility, electrical elasticity, and robustness, is first proposed here for all the on-skin healthcare electronics for epidermal applications. This requirement would guide the designing of the next-generation on-skin healthcare electronics. For conventional stretchable electronics, the rigid conductive materials, e.g., gold nanoparticles and silver nanofibers, would suffer from an easy-to-fail interface with elastic substrates due to a Young's modulus mismatch. Liquid metal (LM) with high conductivity and stretchability has emerged as a promising solution for robust stretchable epidermal electronics. In addition, the fundamental physical, chemical, and biocompatible properties of LM are illustrated. Furthermore, the fabrication strategies of LM are outlined for pure LM, LM composites, and LM circuits based on the surface tension control. Five dominant epidermal healthcare applications of LM are illustrated, including electrodes, interconnectors, mechanical sensors, thermal management, and biomedical and sustainable applications. Finally, the key challenges and perspectives of LM are identified for the future research vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Integrated Circuits and Beijing National Research Centre for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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25
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Liu X, Sun C, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Shang J, Zhong Z, Zhu X, Yu X, Li RW. A flexible dual-gate hetero-synaptic transistor for spatiotemporal information processing. Nanoscale Adv 2022; 4:2412-2419. [PMID: 36134138 PMCID: PMC9417048 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00146b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Artificial synapses based on electrolyte gated transistors with conductance modulation characteristics have demonstrated their great potential in emulating the memory functions in the human brain for neuromorphic computing. While previous studies are mostly focused on the emulation of the basic memory functions of homo-synapses using single-gate transistors, multi-gate transistors offer opportunities for the mimicry of more complex and advanced memory formation behaviors in biological hetero-synapses. In this work, we demonstrate an artificial hetero-synapse based on a dual-gate electrolyte transistor that can implement in situ spatiotemporal information integration and storage. We show that electric pulses applied on a single gate or unsynchronized electric pulses applied on dual gates only induce volatile conductance modulation for short-term memory emulation. In contrast, the device integrates the electric pulses coincidently applied on the dual gates in a supralinear manner and exhibits nonvolatile conductance modulation, enabling long-term memory emulation. Further studies prove that artificial neural networks based on such hetero-synaptic transistors can autonomously filter the random noise signals in the dual-gate inputs during spatiotemporal integration, facilitating the formation of accurate and stable memory. Compared to the single-gate synaptic transistor, the classification accuracy of MNIST handwritten digits using the hetero-synaptic transistor is improved from 89.3% to 99.0%. These findings demonstrate the great potential of multi-gate hetero-synaptic transistors in simulating complex spatiotemporal information processing functions and provide new platforms for the design of advanced neuromorphic computing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Liu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Cui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Zhecheng Guo
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Yuejun Zhang
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University 339 Taiyu Road Taiyuan 030024 China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Xue Yu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
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26
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Ren Z, Lao B, Zheng X, Liao L, Lu Z, Li S, Yang Y, Cao B, Wen L, Zhao K, Wang L, Bai X, Hao X, Liao Z, Wang Z, Li RW. Emergence of Insulating Ferrimagnetism and Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in 3d-5d Perovskite Oxide Composite Films for Insulator Spintronics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:15407-15414. [PMID: 35324157 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic insulators with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) play a key role in exploring pure spin current phenomena and developing ultralow-dissipation spintronic devices, rendering them highly desirable to develop new material platforms. Here, we report the epitaxial growth of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO)-SrIrO3 (SIO) composite oxide films (LSMIO) with different crystalline orientations fabricated by a sequential two-target ablation process by pulsed laser deposition. The LSMIO films exhibit high crystalline quality with a homogeneous mixture of LSMO and SIO at an atomic level. Ferrimagnetic and insulating transport characteristics are observed, with the temperature-dependent electric resistivity well fitted by the Mott variable-range-hopping model. Moreover, the LSMIO films show strong PMA. By further constructing all-perovskite-oxide heterostructures of the ferrimagnetic insulator LSMIO and a strong spin-orbital-coupled SIO layer, pronounced spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) and spin Hall-like anomalous Hall effect (SH-AHE) were observed. These results illustrate the potential application of the ferrimagnetic insulator LSMIO in developing all-oxide ultralow-dissipation spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliang Ren
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Bin Lao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xuan Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- New Materials Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Lei Liao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zengxing Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Sheng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yongjie Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Bingshan Cao
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Lijie Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Kenan Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Lifen Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuedong Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xianfeng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Zhaoliang Liao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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He Z, Jiao S, Wang Z, Wang Y, Yang M, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Shang J, Chen Q, Li RW. An Antifatigue Liquid Metal Composite Electrode Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Artificial Muscle with Excellent Electromechanical Properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:14630-14639. [PMID: 35290011 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC), one of the most popular materials in the field of artificial muscle research, have attracted much attention because of their high flexibility, low drive voltage (<10 V), high force density, large deformation, and so forth. However, the results show that the serious electrode fatigue crack and water loss of traditional IPMC greatly decrease its fatigue life and limit the practical application. In this study, we developed a novel liquid metal composite electrode. A layer of eutectic gallium-indium alloy (EGaIn) liquid metal was applied to the surface of the platinum electrode of the IPMC using a mask. Because of the good self-healing performance of the liquid metal, it is expected to solve the above problems of resistance increase and water loss caused by cracks. It turns out that the prepared EGaIn/Pt-IPMC exhibits a driving force up to 120 mN and maximum fatigue life of about 25,000 s at a driving voltage of 3 V. Compared with the best work reported, the fatigue strength of EGaIn/Pt-IPMC was increased by about 210%, and the maximum driving force of EGaIn/Pt-IPMC prepared by a single-layer basement membrane was between the IPMC prepared by 4-6 layer basement membrane. The electromechanical properties were significantly improved, and it is expected to realize a series of bionic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao He
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Jiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Zhengping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Mengyu Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Qingming Chen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Xu D, Cao J, Liu F, Zou S, Lei W, Wu Y, Liu Y, Shang J, Li RW. Liquid Metal Based Nano-Composites for Printable Stretchable Electronics. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22072516. [PMID: 35408131 PMCID: PMC9002646 DOI: 10.3390/s22072516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Liquid metal (LM) has attracted prominent attention for stretchable and elastic electronics applications due to its exceptional fluidity and conductivity at room temperature. Despite progress in this field, a great disparity remains between material fabrication and practical applications on account of the high surface tension and unavoidable oxidation of LM. Here, the composition and nanolization of liquid metal can be envisioned as effective solutions to the processibility-performance dilemma caused by high surface tension. This review aims to summarize the strategies for the fabrication, processing, and application of LM-based nano-composites. The intrinsic mechanism and superiority of the composition method will further extend the capabilities of printable ink. Recent applications of LM-based nano-composites in printing are also provided to guide the large-scale production of stretchable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (D.X.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (S.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinwei Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (D.X.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (S.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Fei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (D.X.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (S.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Shengbo Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (D.X.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (S.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Wenjuan Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (D.X.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (S.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (D.X.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (S.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (D.X.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (S.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (D.X.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (S.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (D.X.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (S.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Ning M, Lei Z, Tan G, Man Q, Li J, Li RW. Dumbbell-Like Fe 3O 4@N-Doped Carbon@2H/1T-MoS 2 with Tailored Magnetic and Dielectric Loss for Efficient Microwave Absorbing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:47061-47071. [PMID: 34559519 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4)/C composites have received much attention as a result of converting electromagnetic waves to heat for harvesting efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing performance. However, the practical EMW absorbing of these absorbers is still greatly hindered by the unmatched impedance properties and limited EMW absorbing ability. Tuning the morphologies at nanoscale and assembling the nanoarchitecture construction are essential to address this issue. Herein, dumbbell-like Fe3O4@N-doped carbon (NC)@2H/1T-MoS2 yolk-shell nanostructures are rationally designed and fabricated via a facile etching and wet chemical synthesis strategy. By manipulating the etching time toward the magnetic Fe3O4 component, the dielectric and magnetic loss of absorbers could be well-tuned, thus achieving the optimized impedance characteristics. As a result, the maximum refection losses (RLmaxs) of Fe3O4@NC-9h and Fe3O4@NC-15h are -19.8 dB@7.9 GHz and -39.5 dB@8.3 GHz, respectively. Moreover, the MoS2 nanosheets with a mixed 2H/1T phase anchored on Fe3O4@NC-15h (Fe3O4@NC-15h@MoS2) further boost the RLmax to -68.9 dB@5.8 GHz with an effective absorbing bandwidth of ∼5.25 GHz. The tailored synergistic effect between dielectric and magnetic loss and the introduced interfacial polarization (Fe3O4@NC/MoS2) are discussed to explain the drastically enhanced microwave absorbing ability. This work opens up new possibilities for effective manipulation of electromagnetic wave attenuation performance in magnetic-dielectric-type nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiang Ning
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Zhenkuang Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Guoguo Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Qikui Man
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - JingBo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
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30
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Abstract
In the past decade, the self-healing elastomers based on multiple hydrogen bonding have attracted ample attention due to their rich chemical structures, adjustable mechanical properties, fast healing speed, and high healing efficiency. Through prolonging the service life and fast recovery of the mechanical properties, self-healing elastomers can be potentially applied in the field of wearable electronics, electronic skins, motion tracking, and health monitoring. In this perspective, we will introduce the concept and classification of self-healing materials first, then the hydrogen bonds, and the corresponding position of hydrogen-bonding units in the polymer structures. We will also conclude the potential application of hydrogen bonding-based elastomers. Finally, a summary and outlook will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhulu Xie
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo
Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Nano
Science and Technology Institute, University
of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ben-Lin Hu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo
Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo
Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong
Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 99880, China
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31
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Gong G, Gao S, Xie Z, Ye X, Lu Y, Yang H, Zhu X, Li RW. A visible light-triggered artificial photonic nociceptor with adaptive tunability of threshold. Nanoscale 2021; 13:1029-1037. [PMID: 33393544 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07297d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An artificial photonic nociceptor that can accurately emulate the activation of a human visual nociceptive pathway is highly desired for the development of advanced intelligent optoelectronic information processing systems. However, the realization of such an artificial device needs sophisticated materials design and is pending to date. Herein, we demonstrate a visible light-triggered artificial nociceptor, with a simple ITO/CeO2-x/Pt sandwich structure, that can well reproduce the pain-perceptual characteristics of the human visual system. The abundant oxygen vacancies in the CeO2-x layer account for visible light activation, and the notable built-in electric field due to work function difference of the two electrodes enables the device to work even in a self-powered mode. Key nociceptive characteristics, including threshold, no adaptation, relaxation, and sensitization, are realized in the device and are attributed to the oxygen vacancy-associated electron trapping and detrapping processes within the CeO2-x layer. More importantly, the threshold light intensity to activate the device can be readily manipulated using a sub-1 V external voltage, resembling the ambient luminance-dependent tunability of threshold of the human visual system. This work opens up a new avenue towards the development of next-generation intelligent and low-power perceptual systems, such as visual prostheses, artificial eyes, and humanoid robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
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32
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Wu Y, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Man Q, Hu C, Asghar W, Li F, Yu Z, Shang J, Liu G, Liao M, Li RW. A skin-inspired tactile sensor for smart prosthetics. Sci Robot 2021; 3:3/22/eaat0429. [PMID: 33141753 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.aat0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent achievements in the field of electronic skin have provided promising technology for prosthetic systems. However, the development of a bionic tactile-perception system that exhibits integrated stimuli sensing and neuron-like information-processing functionalities in a low-pressure regime remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a tactile sensor for smart prosthetics based on giant magneto-impedance (GMI) material embedded with an air gap. The sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 120 newton-1 (or 4.4 kilopascal-1) and a very low detection limit of 10 micronewtons (or 0.3 pascals). The integration of the tactile sensor with an inductance-capacitance (LC) oscillation circuit enabled direct transduction of force stimuli into digital-frequency signals. The frequency increased with the force stimuli, consistent with the relationship between stimuli and human responses. The minimum loading of 50 micronewtons (or 1.25 pascals), which is less than the sensing threshold value of human skin, was also encoded into the frequency, similar to the pulse waveform of humans. The proposed tactile sensor not only showed desirable sensitivity and low detection limit but also exhibited transduction of digital-frequency signals like human stimuli responses. These features of the GMI-based tactile sensor show potential for its applications in smart prosthetics, especially prosthetic limbs that can functionally replace natural limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. .,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Youlin Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Qikui Man
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Chao Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Waqas Asghar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fali Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Meiyong Liao
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. .,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
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33
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He R, Lin JL, Liu Q, Liao Z, Shui L, Wang ZJ, Zhong Z, Li RW. Emergent Ferroelectricity in Otherwise Nonferroelectric Oxides by Oxygen Vacancy Design at Heterointerfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:45602-45610. [PMID: 32929952 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Introducing point defects in complex metal oxides is a very effective route to engineer crystal symmetry and therefore control physical properties. However, the inversion symmetry breaking, which is vital for many tantalizing properties, such as ferroelectricity and chiral spin structure, is usually hard to be induced in the bulk crystal by point defects. By designing the oxygen vacancy formation energy profile and migration path across the oxide heterostructure, our first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the point defects can effectively break the inversion symmetry and hence create novel ferroelectricity in superlattices consisting of otherwise nonferroelectric materials SrTiO3 and SrRuO3. This induced ferroelectricity can be significantly enhanced by reducing the SrTiO3 thickness. Inspired by theory calculation, SrTiO3/SrRuO3 superlattices were experimentally fabricated and are found to exhibit surprising strong ferroelectric properties. Our finding paves a simple and effective pathway to engineer the inversion symmetry and thus properties by point defect control in oxide heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri He
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Zhaoqing 526238, China
| | - Jun Liang Lin
- College of Light Industry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhaoliang Liao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lingling Shui
- School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhan Jie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials Devices & Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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34
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Ning M, Man Q, Tan G, Lei Z, Li J, Li RW. Ultrathin MoS 2 Nanosheets Encapsulated in Hollow Carbon Spheres: A Case of a Dielectric Absorber with Optimized Impedance for Efficient Microwave Absorption. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:20785-20796. [PMID: 32285661 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A dielectric loss-type electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorber, especially over a broad frequency range, is important yet challenging. As the most typical dielectric attenuation absorber, carbon-based nanostructures were highly pursued and studied. However, their poor impedance-matching issues still exist. Here, to further optimize dielectric properties and enhance reflection loss, ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets encapsulated in hollow carbon spheres (MoS2@HCS) were prepared via a facile template method. The diameter and shell thickness of the as-prepared HCSs were ∼250 and ∼20 nm. The encapsulated MoS2 nanosheets presented high dispersity and crystallinity. Compared to a pure HCS or MoS2 absorber, MoS2@HCS exhibited an optimized impedance characteristic, which can be attributed to the synergistic effects between HCSs (ensuring rapid electron transmission and compensating the low conductivity of MoS2) and MoS2 nanosheets (exposing sufficient numbers of active sites for polarizations and multi-reflection). Consequently, the MoS2@HCS was endowed with -65 dB EMW attenuation ability under 2 mm and the effective attenuation bandwidth under -20 dB was ∼3.3 GHz over the K-band under 1.2 mm and ∼3.4 GHz over the Ka-band under merely 0.7 mm. These results suggested that the MoS2@HCS is a promising dielectric absorber for practical applications. Meanwhile, this work introduces a facile and versatile strategy, which could in principle be extended to other transition metal sulfide@HCS for designing novel EMW absorbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiang Ning
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Qikui Man
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Guoguo Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Zhenkuang Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - JingBo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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35
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Ying WB, Yu Z, Kim DH, Lee KJ, Hu H, Liu Y, Kong Z, Wang K, Shang J, Zhang R, Zhu J, Li RW. Waterproof, Highly Tough, and Fast Self-Healing Polyurethane for Durable Electronic Skin. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:11072-11083. [PMID: 32043353 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A stretchable electronic skin (e-skin) requires a durable elastomeric matrix to serve in various conditions. Therefore, excellent and balanced properties such as elasticity, water proof capability, toughness, and self-healing are demanded. However, it is very difficult and often contradictory to optimize them at one time. Here, a polyurethane (BS-PU-3) containing a polydisperse hard segment, hydrophobic soft segment, and a dynamic disulfide bond was prepared by one-pot synthesis. Unlike the normal two-pot reaction, BS-PU-3 obtained through the one-pot method owned a higher density of self-healing points along the main chain and a faster self-healing speed, which reached 1.11 μm/min in a cut-through sample and recovered more than 93% of virgin mechanical properties in 6 h at room temperature. Moreover, a remarkable toughness of 27.5 MJ/m3 assures its durability as an e-skin matrix. Even with a 1 mm notch (half of the total width) on a standard dumbbell specimen, it could still bear the tensile strain up to 324% without any crack propagation. With polybutadiene as the soft segment, the shape, microstructure, and conductivity in BS-PU-3 and BS-PU-3-based stretchable electronics kept very stable after soaking in water for 3 days, proving the super waterproof property. An e-skin demo was constructed, and self-healing in pressure sensitivity, mechanical, and electrical properties were verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Bin Ying
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technolog, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Do Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Kyung Jin Lee
- Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea
| | - Han Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technolog, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technolog, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technolog, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
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Tang D, Yu Z, He Y, Asghar W, Zheng YN, Li F, Shi C, Zarei R, Liu Y, Shang J, Liu X, Li RW. Strain-Insensitive Elastic Surface Electromyographic (sEMG) Electrode for Efficient Recognition of Exercise Intensities. Micromachines (Basel) 2020; 11:mi11030239. [PMID: 32106451 PMCID: PMC7143104 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors are widely used in the fields of ergonomics, sports science, and medical research. However, current sEMG sensors cannot recognize the various exercise intensities efficiently because of the strain interference, low conductivity, and poor skin-conformability of their electrodes. Here, we present a highly conductive, strain-insensitive, and low electrode-skin impedance elastic sEMG electrode, which consists of a three-layered structure (polydimethylsiloxane/galinstan + polydimethylsiloxane/silver-coated nickel + polydimethylsiloxane). The bottom layer of the electrode consists of vertically conductive magnetic particle paths, which are insensitive to stretching strain, collect sEMG charge from human skin, and finally transfer it to processing circuits via an intermediate layer. Our skin-friendly electrode exhibits high conductivity (0.237 and 1.635 mΩ.cm resistivities in transverse and longitudinal directions, respectively), low electrode-skin impedance (47.23 kΩ at 150 Hz), excellent strain-insensitivity (10% change of electrode-skin impedance within the 0%-25% strain range), high fatigue resistance (>1500 cycles), and good conformability with skin. During various exercise intensities, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of our electrode increased by 22.53 dB, which is 206% and 330% more than that of traditional Ag/AgCl and copper electrode, respectively. The ability of our electrode to efficiently recognize various exercise intensities confirms its great application potential for the field of sports health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxiu Tang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Waqas Asghar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Taxila 47050, Pakistan
| | - Ya-Nan Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fali Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Changcheng Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Roozbeh Zarei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Swinburne Data Science Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.L.); (R.-W.L.)
| | - Xiang Liu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.L.); (R.-W.L.)
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.L.); (R.-W.L.)
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Xie Z, Gao S, Ye X, Yang H, Gong G, Lu Y, Ye J, Liu G, Li RW. Magnetism modulation and conductance quantization in a gadolinium oxide memristor. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:26322-26329. [PMID: 33175937 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03767b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The requests for higher information storage density, greater data processing power, and memory-centric computing capability in the current big data era are motivating global research interests in novel solid-state electronic devices that can unite the electron charge and spin degrees of freedom. Herein, the simultaneous realization of magnetism modulation and conductance quantization in a single gadolinium oxide memristor is reported. A remarkable enhancement of >170% in saturation magnetization at room temperature, accompanied by the emergence of a clear magnetoresistance behavior at low temperature, was obtained after setting the memristor from the initial high resistance state (HRS) into the low resistance state (LRS). By carefully resetting the memristor from the LRS into the HRS, up to 32 quantized conductance states with good repeatability and stability were observed, which could possibly allow achieving 5 bit storage in a single memory cell in the future. Moreover, the resistive switching mechanism of the memristor was thoroughly investigated with the help of temperature-dependent resistance tests and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy examination. This work could provide a powerful approach to design future multi-field modulated, high-performance information devices with integrated data storage, sensing, as well as processing functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuolin Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
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Abstract
The rapid development of artificial intelligence techniques and future advanced robot systems sparks emergent demand on the accurate perception and understanding of the external environments via visual sensing systems that can co-locate the self-adaptive detecting, processing, and memorizing of optical signals. In this contribution, a simple indium-tin oxide/Nb-doped SrTiO3 (ITO/Nb:SrTiO3) heterojunction artificial optoelectronic synapse is proposed and demonstrated. Through the light and electric field co-modulation of the Schottky barrier profile at the ITO/Nb:SrTiO3 interface, the oxide heterojunction device can respond to the entire visible light region in a neuromorphic manner, allowing synaptic paired-pulse facilitation, short/long-term memory, and "learning-experience" behavior for optical information manipulation. More importantly, the photoplasticity of the artificial synapse has been modulated by heterosynaptic means with a sub-1 V external voltage, not only enabling an optoelectronic analog of the mechanical aperture device showing adaptive and stable optical perception capability under different illuminating conditions but also making the artificial synapse suitable for the mimicry of interest-modulated human visual memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Gang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Huali Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Chao Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Qilai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Guodong Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Wuhong Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Xiaohui Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology , Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , Zhejiang 315201 , China
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Zhang B, Fan F, Xue W, Liu G, Fu Y, Zhuang X, Xu XH, Gu J, Li RW, Chen Y. Redox gated polymer memristive processing memory unit. Nat Commun 2019; 10:736. [PMID: 30760719 PMCID: PMC6374435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08642-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Memristors with enormous storage capacity and superior processing efficiency are of critical importance to overcome the Moore’s Law limitation and von Neumann bottleneck problems in the big data and artificial intelligence era. In particular, the integration of multifunctionalities into a single memristor promises an essential strategy of obtaining a high-performance electronic device that satisfies the nowadays increasing demands of data storage and processing. In this contribution, we report a proof-of-concept polymer memristive processing-memory unit that demonstrates programmable information storage and processing capabilities. By introducing redox active moieties of triphenylamine and ferrocene onto the pendants of fluorene skeletons, the conjugated polymer exhibits triple oxidation behavior and interesting memristive switching characteristics. Associated with the unique electrochemical and electrical behavior, the polymer device is capable of executing multilevel memory, decimal arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, as well as simple Boolean logic operations. Though designing conductive polymers for memory devices is attractive for future low-cost flexible electronics, a proof-of-concept device has yet to be realized. Here, the authors report a redox-gated polymer memristive processing unit with programmable multilevel storage and logic functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Fei Fan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wuhong Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.,Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi, 041004, China
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
| | - Yubin Fu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany.
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany
| | - Xiao-Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi, 041004, China
| | - Junwei Gu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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40
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Abstract
This review presents a timely and comprehensive summary of organic and hybrid materials for nonvolatile resistive switching memory applications in the “More than Moore” era, with particular attention on their designing principles for electronic property tuning and flexible memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Xiaohui Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Gang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
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41
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Chen QL, Liu G, Tang MH, Chen XH, Zhang YJ, Zheng XJ, Li RW. A univariate ternary logic and three-valued multiplier implemented in a nano-columnar crystalline zinc oxide memristor. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24595-24602. [PMID: 35527853 PMCID: PMC9069711 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04119b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Memristors, which feature small sizes, fast speeds, low power, CMOS compatibility and nonvolatile modulation of device resistance, are promising candidates for next-generation data storage and in-memory computing paradigms. Compared to the binary logics enabled by memristor devices, ternary logics with larger information-carrying capacity can provide higher computation efficiency with simple operation schemes, reduced circuit complexity and smaller chip areas. In this study, we report the fabrication of memristor devices based on nano-columnar crystalline ZnO thin films; they show symmetric and reliable multi-level resistive switching characteristics over three hundred cycles, which benefits the implementation of univariate ternary logic operations. Experimental results demonstrate that a three-valued logic complete set can be realized by the univariate operations of the present ZnO memristor device, and a ternary multiplier unit circuit is designed for potential applications. The present methodology can be beneficial for constructing future high-performance computation architectures. Memristors, which feature small sizes, fast speeds, low power, CMOS compatibility and nonvolatile modulation of device resistance, are promising candidates for next-generation data storage and in-memory computing paradigms.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lai Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
- 411105 China
- School of Chemical and Chemical Engineering
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Chemical and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
| | - Ming-Hua Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
- 411105 China
| | - Xin-Hui Chen
- School of Chemical and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
| | - Yue-Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- 315211 China
| | - Xue-Jun Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
- 411105 China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- 315201 China
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42
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Yang Y, Luo Z, Wu H, Xu Y, Li RW, Pennycook SJ, Zhang S, Wu Y. Anomalous Hall magnetoresistance in a ferromagnet. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2255. [PMID: 29884868 PMCID: PMC5993777 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04712-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The anomalous Hall effect, observed in conducting ferromagnets with broken time-reversal symmetry, offers the possibility to couple spin and orbital degrees of freedom of electrons in ferromagnets. In addition to charge, the anomalous Hall effect also leads to spin accumulation at the surfaces perpendicular to both the current and magnetization direction. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that the spin accumulation, subsequent spin backflow, and spin-charge conversion can give rise to a different type of spin current-related spin current related magnetoresistance, dubbed here as the anomalous Hall magnetoresistance, which has the same angular dependence as the recently discovered spin Hall magnetoresistance. The anomalous Hall magnetoresistance is observed in four types of samples: co-sputtered (Fe1-xMn x )0.6Pt0.4, Fe1-xMn x /Pt multilayer, Fe1-xMn x with x = 0.17-0.65 and Fe, and analyzed using the drift-diffusion model. Our results provide an alternative route to study charge-spin conversion in ferromagnets and to exploit it for potential spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Yang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Ziyan Luo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Haijun Wu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Run-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 315201, Ningbo, Republic of China
| | - Stephen J Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Shufeng Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Yihong Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
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Gao S, Liu G, Chen Q, Xue W, Yang H, Shang J, Chen B, Zeng F, Song C, Pan F, Li RW. Improving Unipolar Resistive Switching Uniformity with Cone-Shaped Conducting Filaments and Its Logic-In-Memory Application. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:6453-6462. [PMID: 29388428 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Resistive random access memory (RRAM) with inherent logic-in-memory capability exhibits great potential to construct beyond von-Neumann computers. Particularly, unipolar RRAM is more promising because its single polarity operation enables large-scale crossbar logic-in-memory circuits with the highest integration density and simpler peripheral control circuits. However, unipolar RRAM usually exhibits poor switching uniformity because of random activation of conducting filaments and consequently cannot meet the strict uniformity requirement for logic-in-memory application. In this contribution, a new methodology that constructs cone-shaped conducting filaments by using chemically a active metal cathode is proposed to improve unipolar switching uniformity. Such a peculiar metal cathode will react spontaneously with the oxide switching layer to form an interfacial layer, which together with the metal cathode itself can act as a load resistor to prevent the overgrowth of conducting filaments and thus make them more cone-like. In this way, the rupture of conducting filaments can be strictly limited to the tip region, making their residual parts favorable locations for subsequent filament growth and thus suppressing their random regeneration. As such, a novel "one switch + one unipolar RRAM cell" hybrid structure is capable to realize all 16 Boolean logic functions for large-scale logic-in-memory circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Gang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Qilai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Wuhong Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Huali Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Bin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Fei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Cheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
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44
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Liu G, Yan T, Wu Y, Yi X, Chen B, Li RW. Polyaniline-poly(vinylidene fluoride) blend microfiltration membrane and its spontaneous gold recovery application. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-017-9037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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45
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Liu G, Chen Y, Gao S, Zhang B, Li RW, Zhuang X. Recent Advances in Resistive Switching Materials and Devices: From Memories to Memristors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.30919/es8d779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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46
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Tan H, Liu G, Yang H, Yi X, Pan L, Shang J, Long S, Liu M, Wu Y, Li RW. Light-Gated Memristor with Integrated Logic and Memory Functions. ACS Nano 2017; 11:11298-11305. [PMID: 29028312 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Memristive devices are able to store and process information, which offers several key advantages over the transistor-based architectures. However, most of the two-terminal memristive devices have fixed functions once made and cannot be reconfigured for other situations. Here, we propose and demonstrate a memristive device "memlogic" (memory logic) as a nonvolatile switch of logic operations integrated with memory function in a single light-gated memristor. Based on nonvolatile light-modulated memristive switching behavior, a single memlogic cell is able to achieve optical and electrical mixed basic Boolean logic of reconfigurable "AND", "OR", and "NOT" operations. Furthermore, the single memlogic cell is also capable of functioning as an optical adder and digital-to-analog converter. All the memlogic outputs are memristive for in situ data storage due to the nonvolatile resistive switching and persistent photoconductivity effects. Thus, as a memdevice, the memlogic has potential for not only simplifying the programmable logic circuits but also building memristive multifunctional optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shibing Long
- Laboratory of Nanofabrication and Novel Device Integration, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- Laboratory of Nanofabrication and Novel Device Integration, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yihong Wu
- Information Storage Materials Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583
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47
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Xue W, Liu G, Zhong Z, Dai Y, Shang J, Liu Y, Yang H, Yi X, Tan H, Pan L, Gao S, Ding J, Xu XH, Li RW. A 1D Vanadium Dioxide Nanochannel Constructed via Electric-Field-Induced Ion Transport and its Superior Metal-Insulator Transition. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1702162. [PMID: 28833612 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale manipulation of materials' physicochemical properties offers distinguished possibility to the development of novel electronic devices with ultrasmall dimension, fast operation speed, and low energy consumption characteristics. This is especially important as the present semiconductor manufacturing technique is approaching the end of miniaturization campaign in the near future. Here, a superior metal-insulator transition (MIT) of a 1D VO2 nanochannel constructed through an electric-field-induced oxygen ion migration process in V2 O5 thin film is reported for the first time. A sharp and reliable MIT transition with a steep turn-on voltage slope of <0.5 mV dec-1 , fast switching speed of 17 ns, low energy consumption of 8 pJ, and low variability of <4.3% is demonstrated in the VO2 nanochannel device. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy observation and theoretical computation verify that the superior electrical properties of the present device can be ascribed to the electroformation of nanoscale VO2 nanochannel in V2 O5 thin films. More importantly, the incorporation of the present device into a Pt/HfO2 /Pt/VO2 /Pt 1S1R unit can ensure the correct reading of the HfO2 memory continuously for 107 cycles, therefore demonstrating its great possibility as a reliable selector in high-density crossbar memory arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi, 041004, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Yuehua Dai
- Institute of Electronic and Information Project, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Jie Shang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Huali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Xiaohui Yi
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Liang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi, 041004, China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
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48
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Shang J, Xue W, Ji Z, Liu G, Niu X, Yi X, Pan L, Zhan Q, Xu XH, Li RW. Highly flexible resistive switching memory based on amorphous-nanocrystalline hafnium oxide films. Nanoscale 2017; 9:7037-7046. [PMID: 28252131 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08687j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and transparent resistive switching memories are highly desired for the construction of portable and even wearable electronics. Upon optimization of the microstructure wherein an amorphous-nanocrystalline hafnium oxide thin film is fabricated, an all-oxide based transparent RRAM device with stable resistive switching behavior that can withstand a mechanical tensile stress of up to 2.12% is obtained. It is demonstrated that the superior electrical, thermal and mechanical performance of the ITO/HfOx/ITO device can be ascribed to the formation of pseudo-straight metallic hafnium conductive filaments in the switching layer, and is only limited by the choice of electrode materials. When the ITO bottom electrode is replaced with platinum metal, the mechanical failure threshold of the device can be further extended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi 041004, China.
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49
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Zhu X, Zhou J, Chen L, Guo S, Liu G, Li RW, Lu WD. In Situ Nanoscale Electric Field Control of Magnetism by Nanoionics. Adv Mater 2016; 28:7658-7665. [PMID: 27346164 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201601425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Direct, nonvolatile, and reversible control of nanomagnetism in solid-state ferromagnetic thin films is achieved by controlling the chemical composition of the film through field-driven ion redistribution. The electric field-driven de-intercalation/intercalation of lithium ions can result in ≈100% modulation of the magnetization and drives domain wall motion over ≈100 nm. High-speed and multilevel magnetic information storage is further demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Zhu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jiantao Zhou
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Run-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wei D Lu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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50
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Yi X, Shang J, Pan L, Tan H, Chen B, Liu G, Huang G, Bernot K, Guillou O, Li RW. Reversible Luminescence Modulation upon an Electric Field on a Full Solid-State Device Based on Lanthanide Dimers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:15551-15556. [PMID: 27244645 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Switching luminescence of lanthanide-based molecules through an external electric field is considered as a promising approach toward novel functional molecule-based devices. Classic routes use casted films and liquid electrolyte as media for redox reactions. Such protocol, even if efficient, is relatively hard to turn into an effective solid-state device. In this work, we explicitly synthesize lanthanide-based dimers whose luminescent behavior is affected by the presence of Cu(2+) ions. Excellent evaporability of the dimers and utilization of Cu(2+)-based solid-state electrolyte makes it possible to reproduce solution behavior at the solid state. Reversible modulation of Cu(2+) ions transport can be achieved by an electric field in a solid-state device, where lanthanide-related luminescence is driven by an electric field. These findings provide a proof-of-concept alternative approach for electrically driven modulation of solid-state luminescence and show promising potential for information storage media in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yi
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jie Shang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
| | - Liang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
| | - Gang Huang
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 INSA-Rennes, 20 avenue des buttes de Coësmes, 35708 Rennes, France
| | - Kevin Bernot
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 INSA-Rennes, 20 avenue des buttes de Coësmes, 35708 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Guillou
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 INSA-Rennes, 20 avenue des buttes de Coësmes, 35708 Rennes, France
| | - Run-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P. R. China
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