1
|
Carvalho APS, Owens HL, St Laurent RA, Earl C, Dexter KM, Messcher RL, Willmott KR, Aduse-Poku K, Collins SC, Homziak NT, Hoshizaki S, Hsu YF, Kizhakke AG, Kunte K, Martins DJ, Mega NO, Morinaka S, Peggie D, Romanowski HP, Sáfián S, Vila R, Wang H, Braby MF, Espeland M, Breinholt JW, Pierce NE, Kawahara AY, Lohman DJ. Comprehensive phylogeny of Pieridae butterflies reveals strong correlation between diversification and temperature. iScience 2024; 27:109336. [PMID: 38500827 PMCID: PMC10945170 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Temperature is thought to be a key factor influencing global species richness patterns. We investigate the link between temperature and diversification in the butterfly family Pieridae by combining next generation DNA sequences and published molecular data with fine-grained distribution data. We sampled nearly 600 pierid butterfly species to infer the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the family and curated a distribution dataset of more than 800,000 occurrences. We found strong evidence that species in environments with more stable daily temperatures or cooler maximum temperatures in the warm seasons have higher speciation rates. Furthermore, speciation and extinction rates decreased in tandem with global temperatures through geological time, resulting in a constant net diversification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula S. Carvalho
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hannah L. Owens
- Center for Global Mountain Biodiversity, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ryan A. St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chandra Earl
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kelly M. Dexter
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rebeccah L. Messcher
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Keith R. Willmott
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Nicholas T. Homziak
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sugihiko Hoshizaki
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu-Feng Hsu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Athulya G. Kizhakke
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, India
| | - Krushnamegh Kunte
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, India
| | - Dino J. Martins
- Turkana Basin Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Insect Committee of Nature Kenya, The East Africa Natural History Society, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nicolás O. Mega
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sadaharu Morinaka
- Saitama Study Center, The Open University of Japan, Omiya-ku, Saitama City, Japan
| | - Djunijanti Peggie
- Museum Zoologi Bogor, Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Helena P. Romanowski
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Szabolcs Sáfián
- African Butterfly Research Institute, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya
- Institute of Silviculture and Forest Protection, University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Univ. Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Houshuai Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael F. Braby
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Australian National Insect Collection, National Research Collections Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Marianne Espeland
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jesse W. Breinholt
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Intermountain Healthcare, Intermountain Precision Genomics, St. George, UT, USA
| | - Naomi E. Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Akito Y. Kawahara
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David J. Lohman
- Department of Biology, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- PhD Program in Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Entomology Section, National Museum of Natural History, Manila, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Orlandin E, Laurent RAS, Piovesan M, Hallwachs W, Chacón I, Janzen D, Carneiro E. Anurocampa (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae): two new species, systematics and immature stages. Zootaxa 2023; 5306:401-426. [PMID: 37518512 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Notodontidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea) comprise over 4,000 described species distributed worldwide, among which nearly half are restricted to the Neotropics. Morphology of adults and immatures of Notodontidae have been broadly investigated and many larval, pupal, and adult characters were found to be synapomorphies of subfamilies and tribes. Despite this, the current classification of Notodontidae remains unsettled as most recent classification systems are contradictory due to reliance on incomplete global sampling and, many taxa, especially in the Neotropics, are still informally classified as incertae sedis. Anurocampa Herrich-Shäffer was recently treated as an incertae sedis genus, and immature and adult characters may provide further evidence for its systematic position among the Notodontidae. With this goal in mind, the present study describes the immature stages of Anurocampa mingens Herrich-Shäffer from Brazil and describes two new species in the genus from Costa Rica based on morphology and mitochondrial DNA: Anurocampa markhastingsi Chacón and St Laurent sp. nov. and Anurocampa abelardochaconi Chacón and St Laurent sp. nov. and discusses the systematic position of Anurocampa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elton Orlandin
- Laboratório de Estudos em Lepidoptera Neotropical; Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Brazil.
| | - Ryan A St Laurent
- Department of Entomology; Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History; Washington D.C.; United States; McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity; Florida Museum of Natural History; Gainesville; FL; United States.
| | - Mônica Piovesan
- Laboratório de Estudos em Lepidoptera Neotropical; Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Brazil.
| | - Winnie Hallwachs
- Department of Biology; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; PA; United States.
| | - Isidro Chacón
- BioAlfa; Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; Costa Rica.
| | - Daniel Janzen
- Department of Biology; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; PA; United States.
| | - Eduardo Carneiro
- Laboratório de Estudos em Lepidoptera Neotropical; Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kawahara AY, Storer C, Carvalho APS, Plotkin DM, Condamine FL, Braga MP, Ellis EA, St Laurent RA, Li X, Barve V, Cai L, Earl C, Frandsen PB, Owens HL, Valencia-Montoya WA, Aduse-Poku K, Toussaint EFA, Dexter KM, Doleck T, Markee A, Messcher R, Nguyen YL, Badon JAT, Benítez HA, Braby MF, Buenavente PAC, Chan WP, Collins SC, Rabideau Childers RA, Dankowicz E, Eastwood R, Fric ZF, Gott RJ, Hall JPW, Hallwachs W, Hardy NB, Sipe RLH, Heath A, Hinolan JD, Homziak NT, Hsu YF, Inayoshi Y, Itliong MGA, Janzen DH, Kitching IJ, Kunte K, Lamas G, Landis MJ, Larsen EA, Larsen TB, Leong JV, Lukhtanov V, Maier CA, Martinez JI, Martins DJ, Maruyama K, Maunsell SC, Mega NO, Monastyrskii A, Morais ABB, Müller CJ, Naive MAK, Nielsen G, Padrón PS, Peggie D, Romanowski HP, Sáfián S, Saito M, Schröder S, Shirey V, Soltis D, Soltis P, Sourakov A, Talavera G, Vila R, Vlasanek P, Wang H, Warren AD, Willmott KR, Yago M, Jetz W, Jarzyna MA, Breinholt JW, Espeland M, Ries L, Guralnick RP, Pierce NE, Lohman DJ. A global phylogeny of butterflies reveals their evolutionary history, ancestral hosts and biogeographic origins. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:903-913. [PMID: 37188966 PMCID: PMC10250192 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02041-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Butterflies are a diverse and charismatic insect group that are thought to have evolved with plants and dispersed throughout the world in response to key geological events. However, these hypotheses have not been extensively tested because a comprehensive phylogenetic framework and datasets for butterfly larval hosts and global distributions are lacking. We sequenced 391 genes from nearly 2,300 butterfly species, sampled from 90 countries and 28 specimen collections, to reconstruct a new phylogenomic tree of butterflies representing 92% of all genera. Our phylogeny has strong support for nearly all nodes and demonstrates that at least 36 butterfly tribes require reclassification. Divergence time analyses imply an origin ~100 million years ago for butterflies and indicate that all but one family were present before the K/Pg extinction event. We aggregated larval host datasets and global distribution records and found that butterflies are likely to have first fed on Fabaceae and originated in what is now the Americas. Soon after the Cretaceous Thermal Maximum, butterflies crossed Beringia and diversified in the Palaeotropics. Our results also reveal that most butterfly species are specialists that feed on only one larval host plant family. However, generalist butterflies that consume two or more plant families usually feed on closely related plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akito Y Kawahara
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Caroline Storer
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ana Paula S Carvalho
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David M Plotkin
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fabien L Condamine
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (Université de Montpellier), Montpellier, France
| | - Mariana P Braga
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emily A Ellis
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ryan A St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xuankun Li
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Biodiversity Research, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Vijay Barve
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Liming Cai
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Chandra Earl
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Paul B Frandsen
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Hannah L Owens
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Global Mountain Biodiversity, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wendy A Valencia-Montoya
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kwaku Aduse-Poku
- Biology Department, City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Perimeter College, Georgia State University, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Emmanuel F A Toussaint
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kelly M Dexter
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tenzing Doleck
- Biology Department, City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- PhD Program in Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Markee
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rebeccah Messcher
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Y-Lan Nguyen
- Biology Department, City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jade Aster T Badon
- Animal Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Hugo A Benítez
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael F Braby
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | | | - Wei-Ping Chan
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Richard A Rabideau Childers
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Even Dankowicz
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rod Eastwood
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zdenek F Fric
- Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Riley J Gott
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jason P W Hall
- Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Winnie Hallwachs
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nate B Hardy
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Rachel L Hawkins Sipe
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alan Heath
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jomar D Hinolan
- Botany and National Herbarium Division, National Museum of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Nicholas T Homziak
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yu-Feng Hsu
- College of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Micael G A Itliong
- Biology Department, City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel H Janzen
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Krushnamegh Kunte
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Gerardo Lamas
- Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Michael J Landis
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elise A Larsen
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Jing V Leong
- Biology Department, City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Crystal A Maier
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jose I Martinez
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dino J Martins
- Turkana Basin Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Sarah C Maunsell
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicolás Oliveira Mega
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexander Monastyrskii
- Vietnam Programme, Fauna & Flora International, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ana B B Morais
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Mark Arcebal K Naive
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Arts and Sciences, Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Tampilisan, Philippines
| | | | - Pablo Sebastián Padrón
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Entomology Laboratory, Museo de Zoología, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Djunijanti Peggie
- Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong-Bogor, Indonesia
| | | | - Szabolcs Sáfián
- Institute of Silviculture and Forest Protection, University of West Hungary, Sopron, Hungary
| | - Motoki Saito
- The Research Institute of Evolutionary Biology (Insect Study Division), Setagaya, Japan
| | | | - Vaughn Shirey
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Doug Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pamela Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrei Sourakov
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-Ajuntament de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Univ. Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Petr Vlasanek
- T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Houshuai Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andrew D Warren
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Keith R Willmott
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Masaya Yago
- The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Walter Jetz
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marta A Jarzyna
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jesse W Breinholt
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- RAPiD Genomics, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marianne Espeland
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Leslie Ries
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert P Guralnick
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Naomi E Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - David J Lohman
- Biology Department, City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- PhD Program in Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- Entomology Section, National Museum of Natural History, Manila, Philippines.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Based on literature review, curatorial work in national and international collections, information available on online databases, and field work conducted from 2017 to 2022, we provide the first checklist for the family Notodontidae in Colombia. A total of 515 species (51 endemics), 122 genera, 7 subfamilies as well as 108 new records for Colombia are presented. These data position Colombia as the country with the third highest diversity of prominent moths in the world, based on current knowledge. Furthermore, 239 known hostplants are listed for 91 species. The distribution map of the family shows the highest concentration of national records in the Andean and Pacific regions. Future surveys in less explored zones, long-term monitoring, expansion and maintenance of biological collections, and working collaboratively with communities will surely increase the known diversity as well as the conservation of prominent moths in Colombia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Prada-Lara
- Laboratorio de Entomología; Departamento de Biología; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá D.C.; Colombia.
| | - Andrea C Jiménez-Bolívar
- Grupo de Investigación Biodiversidad del Caribe Colombiano; Semillero Sistemática de Artrópodos Neotropicales; Programa de Biología; Universidad del Atlántico; Barranquilla; Colombia.
| | - Ryan A St Laurent
- Department of Entomology; Smithsonian Institution; National Museum of Natural History; Washington; D.C.; U.S.A. /McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity; Florida Museum of Natural History; Gainesville; FL 32611; USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
AbstractLepidoptera are a highly diverse group of herbivorous insects; however, some superfamilies have relatively few species. Two alternative hypotheses for drivers of Lepidoptera diversity are shifts in food plant use or shifts from concealed to external feeding as larvae. Many studies address the former hypothesis but with bias toward externally feeding taxa. One of the most striking examples of species disparity between sister lineages in Lepidoptera is between the concealed-feeding sack-bearer moths (Mimallonoidea), which contain about 300 species, and externally feeding Macroheterocera, which have over 74,000 species. We provide the first dated tree of Mimallonidae to understand the diversification dynamics of these moths in order to fill a knowledge gap pertaining to drivers of diversity within an important concealed-feeding clade. We find that Mimallonidae is an ancient Lepidoptera lineage that originated in the Cretaceous ∼105 million years ago and has had a close association with the plant order Myrtales for the past 40 million years. Diversification dynamics are tightly linked with food plant usage in this group. Reliance on Myrtales may have influenced diversification of Mimallonidae because clades that shifted away from the ancestral condition of feeding on Myrtales have the highest speciation rates in the family.
Collapse
|
6
|
Carvalho APS, Laurent RAS, Romanowski HP. The Bombycoidea and Mimallonoidea (Lepidoptera) of a research station in the grasslands of Southern Brazil. Zootaxa 2021; 5048:118-126. [PMID: 34810813 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5048.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We report the Bombycoidea and Mimallonoidea (Lepidoptera) observed at the the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Suls (UFRGS) Agronomic Research Station in Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil from September 7th to November 6th, 2018. This research station is situated in the Campos Sulinos (southern Brazilian grasslands) environment. As part of our inventory, we report the following Bombycoidea: 29 species of Sphingidae, 26 species of Saturniidae, at least seven species of Apatelodidae, and at least four species of Bombycidae. Within Mimallonidae we recorded eight species. New state records include the following Sphingidae: Xylophanes alineae, X. crenulata, and Perigonia stulta; and Mimallonidae: Mimallo grisea and the genus Menevia. Our study represents the first inventory of moths from this location and one of the few from the Campos Sulinos more broadly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula S Carvalho
- Florida Museum of Natural History, 3215 Hull Road, Power Hall, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Ryan A St Laurent
- Florida Museum of Natural History, 3215 Hull Road, Power Hall, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Helena P Romanowski
- Departamento de Zoologia / Instituto de Biocincias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil .
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Carvalho APS, St Laurent RA, Toussaint EFA, Storer C, Dexter KM, Aduse-Poku K, Kawahara AY. Is Sexual Conflict a Driver of Speciation? A Case Study With a Tribe of Brush-footed Butterflies. Syst Biol 2020; 70:413-420. [PMID: 32882028 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary mechanisms governing the uneven distribution of species richness across the tree of life is a great challenge in biology. Scientists have long argued that sexual conflict is a key driver of speciation. This hypothesis, however, has been highly debated in light of empirical evidence. Recent advances in the study of macroevolution make it possible to test this hypothesis with more data and increased accuracy. In the present study, we use phylogenomics combined with four different diversification rate analytical approaches to test whether sexual conflict is a driver of speciation in brush-footed butterflies of the tribe Acraeini. The presence of a sphragis, an external mating plug found in most species among Acraeini, was used as a proxy for sexual conflict. Diversification analyses statistically rejected the hypothesis that sexual conflict is associated with shifts in diversification rates in Acraeini. This result contrasts with earlier studies and suggests that the underlying mechanisms driving diversification are more complex than previously considered. In the case of butterflies, natural history traits acting in concert with abiotic factors possibly play a stronger role in triggering speciation than does sexual conflict. [Acraeini butterflies; arms race; exon capture phylogenomics; Lepidoptera macroevolution; sexual selection; sphragis.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula S Carvalho
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ryan A St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | | | - Caroline Storer
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kelly M Dexter
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kwaku Aduse-Poku
- Biology Department, University of Richmond, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA 23173, USA.,Life & Earth Sciences Department, Georgia State University, Perimeter College, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Akito Y Kawahara
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
St Laurent RA, Becker VO. A new species of Cicinnus Blanchard (Lepidoptera, Mimallonidae, Cicinninae) from the mangrove ecoregions of Brazil. Zootaxa 2020; 4786:zootaxa.4786.3.8. [PMID: 33056477 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4786.3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A new species of Cicinnus from northern coastal Brazil is described and illustrated: C. litoralis sp. n.. The species is known from five males collected in the mangrove ecoregions of the Brazilian states of Pará and Maranhão (the Pará mangrove and Maranhão mangrove ecoregions respectively). This area of Brazil is poorly sampled for Mimallonidae, and the new species represents the first mimallonid considered endemic to these ecoregions. We also provide a discussion regarding the type species of Cicinnus, C. orthane Blanchard, focusing on populations from the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest of Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
St Laurent RA, Reeves LE, Kawahara AY. Cicinnus chambersi: a new species of sack-bearer moth (Lepidoptera, Mimallonidae, Cicinninae) from southeastern Arizona, USA. Zookeys 2020; 931:49-71. [PMID: 32405241 PMCID: PMC7205858 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.931.50203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new species of cicinnine Mimallonidae, Cicinnus chambersisp. nov., is described from the Sky Islands Region of southern Arizona, USA. The new species is closely related to C. mexicana (Druce), type locality Veracruz, Mexico, based on morphology and genetics. The other Cicinnus species known from the United States, the common C. melsheimeri (type locality Pennsylvania, USA) is morphologically and genetically distinct from both C. chambersi and C. mexicana. The new species is compared to C. mexicana and C. melsheimeri, as well as other Mexican Cicinnus. The life history of C. chambersi is unknown, but its description should facilitate future studies on this rarely reported North American mimallonid, a species which may have only recently become established in the United States. Cicinnus chambersi is the fifth known Mimallonidae species from the United States, and the first described from the country in nearly half a century.
Collapse
|
10
|
St Laurent RA, Giusti A. Revision of ZaphantaDyar, 1910 (Lepidoptera: Mimallonidae: Zaphantinae), with descriptions of nine new species. J NAT HIST 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1634772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. St Laurent
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Laurent RAS, Mielke CGC. New species of Procinnus Herbin and Micrallo St Laurent and C. Mielke (Lepidoptera, Mimallonidae, Druenticinae) from the Brazilian Cerrado. Zootaxa 2019; 4571:zootaxa.4571.1.7. [PMID: 31715833 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Two new species of Mimallonidae are described from the Brazilian Cerrado. One species belongs to Procinnus Herbin, 2016 and the second to Micrallo St Laurent and C. Mielke, 2016, both considered to belong to Druenticinae St Laurent and Kawahara, 2018. Procinnus incanus sp. n. is described from Bahia, Goiás, Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo and is characterized by its wing habitus and male genitalia. Micrallo macro sp. n., the second species to be placed in Micrallo, is described from Minas Gerais. It differs from M. minutus St Laurent and C. Mielke, 2016 by larger size and distinct genitalia of both the male and female. All taxa involved are figured along with their genitalia. Holotypes designated here are deposited in the Coll. Padre Jesus S. Moure, in the Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611-2710, USA. Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
A backbone molecular phylogeny of Mimallonidae, based on 47 species and 515 loci, was recently published. That study resolved some of the major relationships in the family, but taxon sampling was limited and a classification of the family was not formally presented for all species. Here morphological phylogenetic analyses in parsimony and maximum likelihood (ML) frameworks were conducted that included 192 species and 55 morphological characters. A phylogenetic analysis was also conducted on the morphological dataset with a topological constraint based on the 515 locus tree from the previous study. Results show that nearly all species can be confidently placed in a genus using morphological phylogenetics. The presence of a frenulum, a character that was historically used to distinguish major groups of Mimallonidae, varies within and among genera. Based on our phylogenetic results, the classification of Mimallonidae is revised, which now includes 291 species in 41 genera. Descriptions of three new genera are included: Fatellalla gen. n., Citralla gen. n., and Lepismalla gen. n. The following taxonomic changes were made in the present article: 43 new/revived combinations (in Aceclostria Vuillot, Arcinnus Herbin, Bedosia Schaus, Bedosiallo St Laurent & Kawahara, Cicinnus Blanchard, Citralla, Druentica Strand, Fatellalla, Lacosoma Grote, Lepismalla, Mimallo Hübner, Procinnus Herbin, Psychocampa Grote, Roelmana Schaus, and Thaelia Herbin), two new species-level synonyms (melini Bryk is synonymized with viemanda Schaus, jaruga Jones is synonymized with hamata Walker), one revived synonymy (roscida Dognin is resynonymized with externa Moore), seven new statuses (in Druentica, Macessoga Schaus, and Trogoptera Herrich-Schäffer), six revived statuses (in Aceclostria, Cicinnus, Druentica, Psychocampa, and Zaphanta Dyar), and one new designation of nomen nudum. In order to alleviate nomenclatural problems, twelve lectotypes are designated (for Tolypidaamaryllis (Schaus), Trogopteraalthora Schaus, Adalgisacroesa Schaus, Alheitapulloides (Dognin), LacosomabriasiaSchaus, Lacosomadiederica Schaus, Lacosomaraydela Schaus, Psychocampalacuna (Schaus), Cicinnuscorallina Dognin, Cicinnuslatris Schaus, Cicinnussolvens Schaus, Cicinnustuisana Schaus) as well as a neotype for Mimallodespecta Walker (= Cicinnusdespecta). This paper also provides apomorphies for each genus and a morphological key to genera. Annotations are given to aid researchers in understanding all changes made herein, and images of male and female and their genitalia are present for nearly all type species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States of America
| | - Akito Y. Kawahara
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States of America
- Entomology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States of America
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Laurent RAS, Giusti A, Mielke CGC. The identity of Cicinnus orthane Blanchard, 1852 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonidae, Cicinninae), type species of Cicinnus Blanchard, 1852. Zootaxa 2018; 4450:275-285. [PMID: 30313849 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4450.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In order to clarify the identity of the type species of one of the most diverse Mimallonidae genera, Cicinnus Blanchard, 1852, we designate a lectotype for Cicinnus orthane Blanchard, 1852 with photographs of the lectotype (dorsal and ventral) and its genitalia figured for the first time. Cicinnus orthane, described from Chile, is a close morphological match for a southeastern Brazilian species, which we also illustrate for comparative purposes. Because the lectotype of C. orthane is female, we include both sexes of this related Brazilian species in order to facilitate the figuring of male genitalia as well as comparisons of the female genitalia. We are therefore able to establish sound morphological characteristics for Cicinnus sensu stricto, namely in the males the bifid configuration of the gnathos, a complex juxtal arrangement fused to the phallus, and largely membranous valvae; and in the females a wide and narrow lamella antevaginalis, lack of setae covered bulbous masses on either side of the lamella antevaginalis, well-sclerotized and posteriorly protruding tergite VIII, and reduced, stout apophyses anteriores which are about one quarter the length of the apophyses posteriores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611-2710, USA. Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kawahara AY, Breinholt JW, Espeland M, Storer C, Plotkin D, Dexter KM, Toussaint EFA, St Laurent RA, Brehm G, Vargas S, Forero D, Pierce NE, Lohman DJ. Phylogenetics of moth-like butterflies (Papilionoidea: Hedylidae) based on a new 13-locus target capture probe set. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 127:600-605. [PMID: 29902572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Neotropical moth-like butterflies (Hedylidae) are perhaps the most unusual butterfly family. In addition to being species-poor, this family is predominantly nocturnal and has anti-bat ultrasound hearing organs. Evolutionary relationships among the 36 described species are largely unexplored. A new, target capture, anchored hybrid enrichment probe set ('BUTTERFLY2.0') was developed to infer relationships of hedylids and some of their butterfly relatives. The probe set includes 13 genes that have historically been used in butterfly phylogenetics. Our dataset comprised of up to 10,898 aligned base pairs from 22 hedylid species and 19 outgroups. Eleven of the thirteen loci were successfully captured from all samples, and the remaining loci were captured from ≥94% of samples. The inferred phylogeny was consistent with recent molecular studies by placing Hedylidae sister to Hesperiidae, and the tree had robust support for 80% of nodes. Our results are also consistent with morphological studies, with Macrosoma tipulata as the sister species to all remaining hedylids, followed by M. semiermis sister to the remaining species in the genus. We tested the hypothesis that nocturnality evolved once from diurnality in Hedylidae, and demonstrate that the ancestral condition was likely diurnal, with a shift to nocturnality early in the diversification of this family. The BUTTERFLY2.0 probe set includes standard butterfly phylogenetics markers, captures sequences from decades-old museum specimens, and is a cost-effective technique to infer phylogenetic relationships of the butterfly tree of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akito Y Kawahara
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Jesse W Breinholt
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; RAPiD Genomics, 747 SW 2nd Avenue, IMB#14, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
| | - Marianne Espeland
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Arthropoda Department, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauer Allee 160, Bonn 53113, Germany
| | - Caroline Storer
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - David Plotkin
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kelly M Dexter
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | | | - Ryan A St Laurent
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Gunnar Brehm
- Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Biology with Phyletic Museum, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Sergio Vargas
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Departamento de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Dimitri Forero
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Departamento de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Naomi E Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - David J Lohman
- Biology Department, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA; Ph.D. Program in Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA; Entomology Section, National Museum of the Philippines, Manila 1000, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kitching IJ, Rougerie R, Zwick A, Hamilton CA, St Laurent RA, Naumann S, Ballesteros Mejia L, Kawahara AY. A global checklist of the Bombycoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Biodivers Data J 2018:e22236. [PMID: 29674935 PMCID: PMC5904559 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.6.e22236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bombycoidea is an ecologically diverse and speciose superfamily of Lepidoptera. The superfamily includes many model organisms, but the taxonomy and classification of the superfamily has remained largely in disarray. Here we present a global checklist of Bombycoidea. Following Zwick (2008) and Zwick et al. (2011), ten families are recognized: Anthelidae, Apatelodidae, Bombycidae, Brahmaeidae, Carthaeidae, Endromidae, Eupterotidae, Phiditiidae, Saturniidae and Sphingidae. The former families Lemoniidae and Mirinidae are included within Brahmaeidae and Endromidae respectively. The former bombycid subfamilies Oberthueriinae and Prismostictinae are also treated as synonyms of Endromidae, and the former bombycine subfamilies Apatelodinae and Phitditiinae are treated as families. New information This checklist represents the first effort to synthesize the current taxonomic treatment of the entire superfamily. It includes 12,159 names and references to their authors, and it accounts for the recent burst in species and subspecies descriptions within family Saturniidae (ca. 1,500 within the past 10 years) and to a lesser extent in Sphingidae (ca. 250 species over the same period). The changes to the higher classification of Saturniidae proposed by Nässig et al. (2015) are rejected as premature and unnecessary. The new tribes, subtribes and genera described by Cooper (2002) are here treated as junior synonyms. We also present a new higher classification of Sphingidae, based on Kawahara et al. (2009), Barber and Kawahara (2013) and a more recent phylogenomic study by Breinholt et al. (2017), as well as a reviewed genus and species level classification, as documented by Kitching (2018).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodolphe Rougerie
- Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Zwick
- CSIRO - Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, Australia
| | - Chris A Hamilton
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Ryan A St Laurent
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
| | | | - Liliana Ballesteros Mejia
- Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Paris, France.,CESAB, Centre de Synthèse et d'Analyse sur la Biodiversité, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Akito Y Kawahara
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Laurent RAS, Herbin D, Mielke CGC. Revision of the genus Reinmara Schaus, 1928 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with the descriptions of four new species from South America. Zookeys 2017:97-129. [PMID: 28769690 PMCID: PMC5534525 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.677.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mimallonid genus Reinmara Schaus, 1928 is revised. The three previously described species, R. enthona (Schaus, 1905), R. minasa Schaus, 1928, and R. wolfei Herbin & C. Mielke, 2014 are redescribed and the females of each are described and figured for the first time. Additionally, we describe four new species, two Andean: R. andensissp. n. and R. occidentalissp. n., and two Brazilian: R. atlanticasp. n. and R. igneasp. n.. The new species R. ignea and R. atlantica are likely of conservation concern due to their rarity in collections and their apparent endemism to an endangered biome, the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611-2710 USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Laurent RAS, McCabe TL. The identity of <i>Arhodia</i> <i>egenaria</i> Walker, 1866 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) and a new synonym of <i>Cicinnus</i> <i>melsheimeri</i> (Harris, 1841). Zootaxa 2017; 4254:379-381. [PMID: 28609964 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4254.3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The holotypes of Arhodia egenaria Walker, 1866 and Cicinnus primolus Schaus, 1928, syn. n., were examined. Both names are junior synonyms of C. melsheimeri (Harris, 1841). Cicinnus melsheimeri (as Perophora egenaria), sensu Hampson, 1904, is a misidentification of C. bahamensis St Laurent & McCabe, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611-2710, USA..
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
St Laurent RA, Herbin D, Mielke CGC. Revision of the genus Tarema Schaus, 1896 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with the description of a new species from southeastern Brazil. Zookeys 2017:119-137. [PMID: 28228680 PMCID: PMC5299444 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.646.10897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Tarema Schaus, 1896 is revised. The species Taremafuscosa Jones, 1908 and Taremarivara Schaus, 1896 are redescribed, the female of the former is described and figured for the first time, and the genitalia of both sexes for each species are figured for the first time. The lectotype of Taremamacarina Schaus, 1928, syn. n. is determined to be the female of Taremarivara. Taremabrunasp. n. is described from São Paulo, Brazil. Lectotypes for Taremafuscosa, Taremarivara, and Taremamacarina are here designated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611-2710 USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
St Laurent RA, Herbin D. Revision of the genus Vanenga Schaus, 1928 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with the description of a new species. Zookeys 2017:89-104. [PMID: 28144186 PMCID: PMC5242260 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.644.10705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vanenga Schaus, 1928, like many other Mimallonidae genera being revised in recent years, has not been studied since Schaus (1928) in his revision of the family. This currently monotypic genus is entirely restricted to South America, with no known representatives in Central or North America. Prior to this work, Schaus (1928) and subsequent lists of the family (Gaede 1931, Becker 1996) have mentioned the single species Vanengamera (Dognin, 1924) described from the Brazilian Amazon (Pará state). In Schaus (1928) this species is listed as occurring in both Amazonia and southeastern Brazil. In completing the present article, numerous “type” specimens have been discovered bearing three different manuscript names associated with the populations of southeastern Brazil and adjacent areas. Despite the fact that these names were written on various labels, the absence of any published descriptions results in them being unavailable (ICZN 1999). Therefore, this distinct southern South American species is now officially recognized and formally described, as well as providing a much more thorough distribution for both Vanenga species, including many new records for Vanengamera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611-2710 USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
St Laurent RA. Revisions of the genera Lurama Schaus, 1928 and Ulmara Schaus, 1928 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with the descriptions of three new Ulmara species and a new genus. Zookeys 2016:57-92. [PMID: 27594799 PMCID: PMC4992807 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.611.9058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Andean genera Lurama Schaus, 1928 and Ulmara Schaus, 1928 are revised. Lurama poses difficulty for revision due to lost male genitalia of the types of both described species. Ulmaraconjunctasp. n., Ulmaraazurulasp. n., and Ulmaradombroskieisp. n. are described as new in the genus Ulmara. A lectotype is designated for Luramaquindiuna Schaus, 1928 and Ulmararotunda (Dognin, 1916). A new monotypic genus, Cunicumaragen. n., which is externally similar to Ulmara, is described to include the new species Cunicumaraanaesp. n. from low elevations of Bolivia and Paraguay. Male genital morphology does not support a close association of Cunicumara with Lurama or Ulmara. The latter two genera, however, are closely related based on similarities of male genitalia and biogeography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611-2710 USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
St Laurent RA, Mielke CGC. Three new genera of Neotropical Mimallonidae (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with descriptions of three new species. Zookeys 2016:117-43. [PMID: 27047246 PMCID: PMC4797205 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.566.7344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new genera of Mimallonidae are described. The monotypic genus Tostallogen. n. is erected to contain “Perophora” albescens Jones, 1912, which was previously placed in the preoccupied genus Perophora Harris, 1841 and was never formally moved to a valid genus. Perophora is a junior homonym of Cicinnus Blanchard, 1852, but the name albescens is not appropriately placed in Cicinnus due to external and genitalia characteristics entirely unique to the species albescens. The female of Tostalloalbescenscomb. n. is described and both sexes are figured for the first time. Aurorianagen. n. is erected to contain Aurorianaflorianensis (Herbin, 2012), comb. n. previously described as Cicinnusflorianensis, and two new species: Aurorianacolombianasp. n. from Colombia and Aurorianagemmasp. n. from southeastern and southern Brazil. The female of Aurorianaflorianensis is described and figured for the first time. Finally, the monotypic genus Micrallogen. n. is erected to include a new species, Micrallominutussp. n. described from northeastern Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- Cornell University, Comstock Hall, Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601 USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
St Laurent RA, Dombroskie JJ. Revision of the genus Menevia Schaus, 1928 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with the description of 11 new species. Zookeys 2016:31-116. [PMID: 27047245 PMCID: PMC4797204 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.566.6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Neotropical genus Menevia Schaus, 1928 is revised to include 18 species, 11 of which are new. Two species, Menevia ostia comb. n. and Menevia parostia comb. n. are transferred from Pamea Walker, 1855 to Menevia. Four species-groups are diagnosed for the first time based on external characters and male genitalia morphology. The following new species are described: Menevia rosea sp. n., Menevia torvamessoria sp. n., Menevia magna sp. n., Menevia menapia sp. n., Menevia mielkei sp. n., Menevia australis sp. n., Menevia vulgaris sp. n., Menevia franclemonti sp. n., Menevia vulgaricula sp. n., Menevia cordillera sp. n., and Menevia delphinus sp. n.. A neotype is designated for Mimallo plagiata Walker, 1855, which has since been placed in Menevia. Mimallo saturata Walker, 1855 is interpreted to be a nomen dubium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- Cornell University, Comstock Hall, Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601 USA
| | - Jason J Dombroskie
- Cornell University, Comstock Hall, Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601 USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
St Laurent RA, Dombroskie JJ. Revision of the genus Eadmuna Schaus, 1928 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonidae) with a description of a new species from French Guiana. Zookeys 2015:51-68. [PMID: 25901114 PMCID: PMC4400377 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.494.9208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Eadmuna Schaus, 1928 is revised to include four species. Eadmunaguianensissp. n., is described from French Guiana and Guyana. The holotype of Perophorapulverula Schaus, 1896, currently placed in Cicinnus Blanchard, 1852, is determined to be a previously unrecognized female Eadmuna, and is transferred accordingly as Eadmunapulverulacomb. n..Eadmunapaloa Schaus, 1933, rev. status, is removed from synonymy with the type species Eadmunaesperans (Schaus, 1905). Eadmunaesperans, Eadmunapaloa, and Eadmunapulverula may be of conservation concern due to their limited extent of occurrence and endemicity to the highly imperiled Brazilian Atlantic forest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A St Laurent
- Cornell University, Comstock Hall, Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601 USA
| | - Jason J Dombroskie
- Cornell University, Comstock Hall, Department of Entomology, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601 USA
| |
Collapse
|